Relevant bibliographies by topics / UPI SYSTEM

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'UPI SYSTEM'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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Kaur, Simran, Himanshu Mishra, and Anuj Goyal. "Cyber-Security in UPI Payments." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (May 31, 2023): 4955–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52175.

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Abstract: Unified Payments Interface (UPI) is an innovative online banking system. Made inIndia has reached the peak of popularity ina short time wingspan. Growth in UPI alsoleads to higher data frequencies violate. Social engineering attacks are India's biggest security risk encountered duringconfinement (lockdown). Users of the Unified Payment Interface are Cyber criminals are easily enticed. These fraudsare not due to default in the UPI systems or interfaces, but are tactics to deceive customers. By the way of phishing, vishing, or smishing. Social engineering attack techniques are planned to exploit users by utilizing significant UPI features such as "Collect Request", " Virtual Private Address, " or" QR Code. " Reverse-engineering the UPI protocol through seven well-known UPI apps, this paper employs a principled methodology toconduct a thorough security analysis of theprotocol. We find previously unreported design-levelflaws in the UPI 1.0 specification's multi- factor authentication that, when coupled with an installed attacker-controlled application, can result in serious attacks. Even if a victim had never used a UPI app, the flaws in the attack's extreme version might have allowed a victim's bank account to be linked and emptied. Scalable and remotely executable attacks were possible. Most users blindly follow the instructions received through SMS or phone call and become a victim of cyber fraud. Analysis data collected from respondents reveals the grim fact that age or occupation has no impact on user behavior in response to technical attack techniques.
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Li, Ran. "The Recreational Space System Planning of Lindau, Germany." Urban Planning International 31, no. 4 (August 19, 2016): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2015.523.

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Lin, Jinling, and Jiexing Xu. "Construct ‘Job-Housing Integration’ Low Carbon Transportation System: Case Study of the Shuttle System in University of Texas at Austin." Urban Planning International 32, no. 5 (October 19, 2017): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2015.029.

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Yin, Chengzhi, and Dongfeng Yang. "Planning System and Urban Heritage Management in Contemporary Greece." Urban Planning International 32, no. 1 (2017): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2015.532.

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Wu, Hao, Bo Qin, and Jingming Yang. "Regulatory System and Institutional Design for Brownfield Redevelopment in Melbourne." Urban Planning International 31, no. 4 (August 19, 2016): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2015.052.

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Zhou, Jing, and Chi Shen. "The Reform of Dutch Spatial Planning System and Its Inspirations." Urban Planning International 32, no. 3 (June 19, 2017): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2016.233.

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Jiang, Tao, and Mei Jiang. "Experience and Enlightenment of Urban Design System Construction in Taipei." Urban Planning International 34, no. 171 (June 19, 2019): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2017.270.

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Jia, Jing, and Qiang Zhang. "A Study of the Urban System and the Decentralization in Mexico." Urban Planning International 32, no. 5 (October 19, 2017): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2016.381.

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Wang, Jun, and Xi Chen. "Research on British Planning Evaluation System and Its Reference to China." Urban Planning International 34, no. 4 (2019): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2017.228.

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Xu, Yishan, Dian Zhou, and Nan Liu. "The Structural Characteristics and Planning Enlightenments of Hong Kong Elderly Service Facility System." Urban Planning International 32, no. 6 (2017): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22217/upi.2015.569.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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Norman, Agnes, and Carl Lundin. "Tillgänglighet för alla : Kommundemografis inverkan på användarinvolvering vid utveckling av offentliga webbtjänster." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informatik och media, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-433811.

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This thesis explores if there is a connection between municipal demographics and how often the municipality involves users with disability in the development of its online services. The thesis derives its theory from previous studies on user involvement and participation (UPI),  e-government development and county bureaucracy. The method is quantitative, with data gathering through surveys aimed at municipality representatives as well as downloaded from Statistiska Centralbyrån. The analysis consists of statistical methods and tests of analysis using the software SPSS. The result is analyzed by being compared to previous studies to find explanations for any existing relationships. The thesis has found some correlation between the size of a county’s population and its user involvement, when developing public digital services. The thesis has also found some correlation between a county’s population size and how often they involve users with disability. Furthermore, the thesis has found some correlation between the mean of age of a county’s population and how often they involve users with disability. The study also shows a lack of awareness of the importance of user involvement. One explanation for the findings could be the bureaucracy that controls the municipal finances.
Uppsatsen undersöker om det finns ett samband mellan kommundemografi och hur ofta kommunerna involverar användare med funktionsnedsättning i utvecklingen av sina webbtjänster. Uppsatsen utgår ifrån tidigare forskning på användarinvolvering och utveckling av offentliga tjänster samt tar avstamp i principer och lagrum för kommunalt styre. Tillvägagångssättet är kvantitativt, med datainsamling genom enkätstudie riktad till kommunrepresentanter vilket kompletteras med demografisk data hämtat från Statistiska Centralbyrån. Analys baseras på statistiska analysmetoder och tester utförda i SPSS, varpå resultaten analyseras utifrån tidigare forskning för att finna förklaring till olika samband.  Uppsatsens resultat påvisar viss korrelation mellan kommunal populationsstorlek och generell användarinvolvering i kommunens utveckling av digitala offentliga tjänster. Resultatet påvisar även viss korrelation mellan kommuners populationsstorlek och användarinvolvering av individer med funktionsnedsättning. Ytterligare ett samband som påvisas är korrelation mellan genomsnittlig ålder i en kommunpopulation och kommunens användarinvolvering av individer med funktionsnedsättning. Författarna har även funnit en viss okunskap för behovet av användarinvolvering och att den rådande finansieringsprincipen som gäller i Sverige kan vara ett par av förklaringarna bakom de identifierade sambanden.
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Hájek, Josef. "Správa UPS zdrojů s využitím technologie GSM." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236645.

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Theme of the Master's thesis is issue of backup power units and its attributes. There is also complete proposal of UPS power unit which can be used to control and monitor backup batteries. Power supply is fully controlled via Ethernet interface using TCI/IP protocol. The other chapter describes complete development of TCI/IP GSM unit which can be used for communication interface between GSM and Ethernet protocol. UPS and GSM modules are developed in details. The Master.s thesis includes all needed information for HW unit development and also for controlling software as well. Universal solution of the modules allows number possibilities of further development.
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Junuzovski, Edib, and Jari Yli-Hukka. "UPS-system i SÄS Byggnad 7." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19222.

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Syftet med detta examensarbete var att beräkna vad det kostar att ha UPS-kraft (Uninterruptible Power Supply). Arbetet utfördes för Västfastigheter på Södra Älvsborgs Sjukhus (SÄS) i Borås. Studien utfördes på en UPS i drift i byggnad 7. UPS: en i denna byggnad har 10 kVA kapacitet och är av dubbelkonverterande typ. Batterier av Ni-Cd (Nickel-Kadmium) typ används till backup med UPS: en. UPS av dubbelkonverterande typ är känd för att skapa mycket övertoner, men är fördelaktig för dess skyddande förmåga mot spänningsspikar.Mätningar har gjorts för att beräkna kostnadsberäkningarna. Ytterligare hjälp har fåtts i form av räkningar och UPS-leverantörer (Ups-teknik och Eurotech AB).
Uppsatsnivå: C
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Van, Papendorp J. F. "Digital control of line-interactive UPS." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6537.

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Thesis (MScEng (Electrical and Electronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The digital control of UPS systems has been difficult in the past due to a lack of DSP technology. It was for this reason not possible to establishing the necessary control to regulate the voltages and currents of the UPS systems. Recent advances in DSP technology have however provided the means of establishing central control of the UPS system as well as incorporating more complex closed-loop control algorithms by utilising a single floating-point DSP. Closed-loop control strategies are investigated and the central control of a line-interactive UPS is established in this study. Both the status of the physical system as well as various system parameters are controlled. The system both regulates and charges the storage batteries when the main utility supply is maintained. In the event that the utility fails, the converter instantaneously changes power flow towards the load with the aim of maintaining an uninterrupted voltage supply. Several closed-loop deadbeat based control strategies are investigated for the regulation of the inductor current. A solution for the regulation of the DC-link is also developed and implemented. Furthermore, an intensive study is done on the regulation of the voltage supplied to the load in the event that the utility supply fails. The investigation is initially approached by considering classical control theory. Although these control strategies provided sufficient results, a predictive strategy that is based on the physical conditions of the switching converter is finally investigated to establish closed loop control of the output voltage. This resulted in a high-bandwidth voltage controller capable of maintaining control under a wide-array of load conditions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die digitale beheer van UPS stelsels was moeilik in the verlede as gevolg van 'n gebrek aan DSP tegnologie. Dit was vir hierdie rede nie moontlik om beheer te kon bewerkstelling ten einde die spannings and strome in the UPS stelsels te kon reguleer nie. Onlangse vordering in DSP tegnologie het egter dit moontlik gemaak om sentrale beheer van die UPS stelsel te bewerkstellig sowel as om meer komplekse geslote lus beheer algoritmes te inkorporeer met behulp van 'n enkele DSP. Geslote lus beheer strategiëe word ondersoek en die sentrale beheer van die line-interaktiewe UPS word bewerkstellig in hierdie studie. Beide die huidige toestand van die fisiese stelsel sowel as die verskeie parameters word beheer. Die stelsel beide laai en reguleer die batterye terwyl die hooftoevoer onderhou word. In die geval dat die hooftoevoer faal, word die omsetter se rigting van drywingsvloei verander om die las te voorsien van 'n ononderbroke spannings toevoer. Verskeie geslote-lus “deadbeat” beheer strategiëe word ondersoek vir die regulasie van die induktor stroom. 'n Oplossing vir die regulasie van die GS-koppervlak word ook ontwikkel en geïmplementeer. Verder word 'n intensiewe studie gedoen op regulasie van die spanning wat aan die las gevoer word in die geval dat die hooftoevoer faal. Hierdie ondersoek word aanvanklik benader deur klassieke beheer teorie te bestudeer. Alhoewel hierdie beheer strategiëe voldoene resultate gebied het, was 'n voorspel beheerstrategie gebaseer op die fisiese toestand van die omsetter finaal ondersoek. Die resultaat is 'n hoë-bandwydte spannings beheerder wat daartoe instaat is om beheer te handhaaf onder 'n verskeidenheid van lastoestande.
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Venkatagiri, Chellappan Mirunalini. "Fuel cell based battery-less ups system." Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/86026.

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With the increased usage of electrical equipment for various applications, the demand for quality power apart from continuous power availability has increased and hence requires the development of appropriate power conditioning system. A major factor during development of these systems is the requirement that they remain environment-friendly. This cannot be realized using the conventional systems as they use batteries and/or engine generators. Among various viable technologies, fuel cells have emerged as one of the most promising sources for both portable and stationary applications. In this thesis, a new battery less UPS system configuration powered by fuel cell is discussed. The proposed topology utilizes a standard offline UPS module and the battery is replaced by a supercapacitor. The system operation is such that the supercapacitor bank is sized to support startup and load transients and steady state power is supplied by the fuel cell. Further, the fuel cell runs continuously to supply 10% power in steady state. In case of power outage, it is shown that the startup time for fuel cell is reduced and the supercapacitor bank supplies power till the fuel cell ramps up from supplying 10% load to 100% load. A detailed design example is presented for a 200W/350VA 1- phase UPS system to meet the requirements of a critical load. The equivalent circuit and hence the terminal behavior of the fuel cell and the supercapacitor are considered in the analysis and design of the system for a stable operation over a wide range. The steady state and transient state analysis were used for stability verification. Hence, from the tests such as step load changes and response time measurements, the non-linear model of supercapacitor was verified. Temperature rise and fuel consumption data were measured and the advantages of having a hybrid source (supercapacitor in parallel with fuel cell) over just a standalone fuel cell source were shown. Finally, the transfer times for the proposed UPS system and the battery based UPS system were measured and were found to be satisfactory. Overall, the proposed system was found to satisfy the required performance specifications.
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Chronaki, Kallia. "Exploiting asymmetric multi-core systems with flexible system software." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664032.

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Asymmetric multi-cores (AMCs) are a successful architectural solution for both mobile devices and supercomputers. These architectures combine different types of processing cores designed at different performance and power optimization points, thus exposing a performance-power trade-off. By maintaining two types of cores, AMCs are able to provide high performance under the facility power budget. However, there are significant challenges when using AMCs such as scheduling and load balancing. This thesis initially explores the potential of AMCs when executing current HPC applications and searches for the most appropriate execution model. Specifically we evaluate several execution models on an Arm big.LITTLE AMC using the PARSEC benchmark suite that includes representative HPC applications. We compare schedulers at the user, OS and runtime system levels, using both static and dynamic options and multiple configurations, and assess the impact of these options on the well-known problem of balancing the load across AMCs. Our results demonstrate that scheduling is more effective when it takes place in the runtime system as it improves the user-level scheduling by 23%, while the heterogeneous-aware OS scheduling solution improves the user-level scheduling by 10%. Following this outcome, this thesis focuses on increasing performance of AMC systems by improving scheduling in the runtime system level. Scheduling in the runtime system level is provided by the use of task-based parallel programming models. These programming models offer programming flexibility as they consist of an interface and a runtime system to manage the underlying resources and threads. In this thesis we improve scheduling with task-based programming models by providing three novel task schedulers for AMCs. These dynamic scheduling policies reduce total execution time either by detecting the longest or the critical path of the dynamic task dependency graph of the application. They use dynamic scheduling and information discoverable during execution, fact that makes them implementable and functional without the need of off-line profiling. In our evaluation we compare these scheduling approaches with an existing state-of the art heterogeneous scheduler and we track their improvement over a FIFO baseline scheduler. We show that the heterogeneous schedulers improve the baseline by up to 1.45x on a real 8-core AMC and up to 2.1x on a simulated 32-core AMC. Another enhancement we provide in task-based programming models is the adaptability to fine grained parallelism. The increasing number of cores on modern CMPs is pushing research towards the use of fine grained workloads, which is an important challenge for task-based programming models. Our study makes the observation that task creation becomes a bottleneck when executing fine grained workloads with task-based programming models. As the number of cores increases, the time spent generating tasks is becoming more critical to the entire execution. To overcome this issue, we propose TaskGenX. TaskGenX minimizes task creation overheads and relies both on the runtime system and a dedicated hardware. On the runtime system side, TaskGenX decouples the task creation from the other runtime activities. It then transfers this part of the runtime to a specialized hardware. From our evaluation using 11 HPC workloads on both symmetric and AMC systems, we obtain performance improvements up to 15x, averaging to 3.1x over the baseline. Finally, this thesis presents a showcase for a real-time CPU scheduler with the goal to increase the frames per second (FPS) of the game-play on mobile devices with AMC systems. We design and implement the RTS scheduler in the Android framework. RTS provides an efficient scheduling policy that takes into account the current temperature of the system to perform task migration. RTS solution increases the median FPS of the baseline mechanisms by up to 7.5% and at the same time it maintains temperature stable.
Los procesadores multinúcleos asimétricos (AMC) son una solución arquitectónica exitosa para dispositivos móviles y supercomputadores. Estas arquitecturas combinan diferentes tipos de núcleos de procesamiento diseñados con diferentes propiedades de rendimiento y potencia. Al mantener dos o más tipos de núcleos, los AMCs pueden proporcionar un alto rendimiento con un consumo bajo de energía de las infraestructuras. Sin embargo, existen importantes desafíos al usar los AMC, como la programación y el equilibrio de carga. Esta tesis explora inicialmente el potencial de los AMC al ejecutar aplicaciones actuales de Computacion de Alto Rendimiento (HPC) y busca el modelo de ejecución más apropiado para ellas. Específicamente evaluamos varios modelos de ejecución en un procesador asimétrico Arm big.LITTLE utilizando las aplicaciones PARSEC que son aplicaciones representativas de HPC. En este trabajo se compara la programación en los niveles de usuario, sistema operativo y librería y evaluamos el impacto de estas opciones en el conocido problema de equilibrar la carga entre los AMCs. Nuestros resultados demuestran que la programación es más efectiva cuando se lleva a cabo en el nivel del runtime, ya que mejora la programación del nivel de usuario en un 23%, mientras que la solución de programación del sistema operativo heterogéneo mejora la programación del nivel de usuario en un 10%. Siguiendo este resultado, esta tesis se centra en aumentar el rendimiento de los sistemas AMC mejorando la programación al nivel de librería. La programación en este nivel se proporciona mediante el uso de Modelos de Programación Paralelos Basados en Tareas (MPBT). Estos modelos de programación ofrecen flexibilidad de programación, ya que consisten en una interfaz y un runtime para administrar los recursos e hilos subyacentes. En esta tesis, mejoramos la programación con MPBT al proporcionar tres nuevos planificadores de tareas para AMCs. Estos planificadores dinámicos reducen el tiempo total de ejecución ya sea detectando la camino más largo o el camino crítico del grafo de dependencia de tareas de la aplicación, que es generado dinámicamente. En nuestra evaluación, comparamos estos planificadores con un planificador heterogéneo existente y demonstramos su mejora sobre un planificador FIFO. Mostramos que los planificadores heterogéneos mejoran el planificador FIFO en hasta 1.45x en un AMC real de 8 núcleos y hasta 2.1x en un AMC simulado de 32 núcleos. Otra contribución en los MPBT es la adaptabilidad al paralelismo de grano fino. El creciente número de núcleos en los chip multinúcleos modernos está empujando la investigación hacia el uso de cargas de trabajo de grano fino, que es un desafío importante para los MPBT. Nuestro estudio observa que la creación de tareas bloquea la ejecución con cargas de trabajo de grano fino con MPBT. Cuando el número de núcleos aumenta, el tiempo empleado en generar tareas pasa a ser más crítico para toda la ejecución. Nuestra solución es TaskGenX, que minimiza los costes de creación de tareas y se basa en una extensión del runtime y en un hardware dedicado. En el runtime, TaskGenX desacopla la creación de tareas de las otras actividades del runtime, ejecutando esta actividad en un hardware especializado. Evaluamos 11 aplicaciones de HPC con TaskGenX en sistemas simétricos y AMC y obtenemos mejoras de rendimiento de hasta 15x, con un promedio de 3.1x sobre la implementación de referencia. Finalmente, esta tesis presenta un planificador de CPU con el objetivo de aumentar los fotogramas por segundo (FPS) para juegos en dispositivos móviles con sistemas AMC. Diseñamos e implementamos el planificador de Real-Time Scheduler (RTS) en Android. El RTS proporciona una política de programación eficiente que tiene en cuenta la temperatura actual del sistema para realizar la migración de tareas. La solución RTS aumenta la FPS mediana de los mecanismos de referencia
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Sánchez, Verdejo Rommel. "HPC memory systems: Implications of system simulation and checkpointing." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673620.

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The memory system is a significant contributor for most of the current challenges in computer architecture: application performance bottlenecks and operational costs in large data-centers as HPC supercomputers. With the advent of emerging memory technologies, the exploration for novel designs on the memory hierarchy for HPC systems is an open invitation for computer architecture researchers to improve and optimize current designs and deployments. System simulation is the preferred approach to perform architectural explorations due to the low cost to prototype hardware systems, acceptable performance estimates, and accurate energy consumption predictions. Despite the broad presence and extensive usage of system simulators, their validation is not standardized; either because the main purpose of the simulator is not meant to mimic real hardware, or because the design assumptions are too narrow on a particular computer architecture topic. This thesis provides the first steps for a systematic methodology to validate system simulators when compared to real systems. We unveil real-machine´s micro-architectural parameters through a set of specially crafted micro-benchmarks. The unveiled parameters are used to upgrade the simulation infrastructure in order to obtain higher accuracy in the simulation domain. To evaluate the accuracy on the simulation domain, we propose the retirement factor, an extension to a well-known application´s performance methodology. Our proposal provides a new metric to measure the impact simulator´s parameter-tuning when looking for the most accurate configuration. We further present the delay queue, a modification to the memory controller that imposes a configurable delay for all memory transactions that reach the main memory devices; evaluated using the retirement factor, the delay queue allows us to identify the sources of deviations between the simulator infrastructure and the real system. Memory accesses directly affect application performance, both in the real-world machine as well as in the simulation accuracy. From single-read access to a unique memory location up to simultaneous read/write operations to a single or multiple memory locations, HPC applications memory usage differs from workload to workload. A property that allows to glimpse on the application´s memory usage is the workload´s memory footprint. In this work, we found a link between HPC workload´s memory footprint and simulation performance. Actual trends on HPC data-center memory deployments and current HPC application’s memory footprint led us to envision an opportunity for emerging memory technologies to include them as part of the reliability support on HPC systems. Emerging memory technologies such as 3D-stacked DRAM are getting deployed in current HPC systems but in limited quantities in comparison with standard DRAM storage making them suitable to use for low memory footprint HPC applications. We exploit and evaluate this characteristic enabling a Checkpoint-Restart library to support a heterogeneous memory system deployed with an emerging memory technology. Our implementation imposes negligible overhead while offering a simple interface to allocate, manage, and migrate data sets between heterogeneous memory systems. Moreover, we showed that the usage of an emerging memory technology it is not a direct solution to performance bottlenecks; correct data placement and crafted code implementation are critical when comes to obtain the best computing performance. Overall, this thesis provides a technique for validating main memory system simulators when integrated in a simulation infrastructure and compared to real systems. In addition, we explored a link between the workload´s memory footprint and simulation performance on current HPC workloads. Finally, we enabled low memory footprint HPC applications with resilience support while transparently profiting from the usage of emerging memory deployments.
El sistema de memoria es el mayor contribuidor de los desafíos actuales en el campo de la arquitectura de ordenadores como lo son los cuellos de botella en el rendimiento de las aplicaciones, así como los costos operativos en los grandes centros de datos. Con la llegada de tecnologías emergentes de memoria, existe una invitación para que los investigadores mejoren y optimicen las implementaciones actuales con novedosos diseños en la jerarquía de memoria. La simulación de los ordenadores es el enfoque preferido para realizar exploraciones de arquitectura debido al bajo costo que representan frente a la realización de prototipos físicos, arrojando estimaciones de rendimiento aceptables con predicciones precisas. A pesar del amplio uso de simuladores de ordenadores, su validación no está estandarizada ya sea porque el propósito principal del simulador no es imitar al sistema real o porque las suposiciones de diseño son demasiado específicas. Esta tesis proporciona los primeros pasos hacia una metodología sistemática para validar simuladores de ordenadores cuando son comparados con sistemas reales. Primero se descubren los parámetros de microarquitectura en la máquina real a través de un conjunto de micro-pruebas diseñadas para actualizar la infraestructura de simulación con el fin de mejorar la precisión en el dominio de la simulación. Para evaluar la precisión de la simulación, proponemos "el factor de retiro", una extensión a una conocida herramienta para medir el rendimiento de las aplicaciones, pero enfocada al impacto del ajuste de parámetros en el simulador. Además, presentamos "la cola de retardo", una modificación virtual al controlador de memoria que agrega un retraso configurable a todas las transacciones de memoria que alcanzan la memoria principal. Usando el factor de retiro, la cola de retraso nos permite identificar el origen de las desviaciones entre la infraestructura del simulador y el sistema real. Todos los accesos de memoria afectan directamente el rendimiento de la aplicación. Desde el acceso de lectura a una única localidad memoria hasta operaciones simultáneas de lectura/escritura a una o varias localidades de memoria, una propiedad que permite reflejar el uso de memoria de la aplicación es su "huella de memoria". En esta tesis encontramos un vínculo entre la huella de memoria de las aplicaciones de alto desempeño y su rendimiento en simulación. Las tecnologías de memoria emergentes se están implementando en sistemas de alto desempeño en cantidades limitadas en comparación con la memoria principal haciéndolas adecuadas para su uso en aplicaciones con baja huella de memoria. En este trabajo, habilitamos y evaluamos el uso de un sistema de memoria heterogéneo basado en un sistema emergente de memoria. Nuestra implementación agrega una carga despreciable al mismo tiempo que ofrece una interfaz simple para ubicar, administrar y migrar datos entre sistemas de memoria heterogéneos. Además, demostramos que el uso de una tecnología de memoria emergente no es una solución directa a los cuellos de botella en el desempeño. La implementación es fundamental a la hora de obtener el mejor rendimiento ya sea ubicando correctamente los datos, o bien diseñando código especializado. En general, esta tesis proporciona una técnica para validar los simuladores respecto al sistema de memoria principal cuando se integra en una infraestructura de simulación y se compara con sistemas reales. Además, exploramos un vínculo entre la huella de memoria de la carga de trabajo y el rendimiento de la simulación en cargas de trabajo de aplicaciones de alto desempeño. Finalmente, habilitamos aplicaciones de alto desempeño con soporte de resiliencia mientras que se benefician de manera transparente con el uso de un sistema de memoria emergente.
Arquitectura de Computadors
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Bengtsson, Tobias, and Håkan Hult. "Combining Solar Energy and UPS Systems." Thesis, KTH, Tillämpad termodynamik och kylteknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148042.

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Solar Power and Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) are two technologies that are growing rapidly. The demand for solar energy is mainly driven by the trend towards cheaper solar cells, making it economically profitable for a larger range of applications. However, solar power has yet to reach grid parity in many geographical areas, which makes ways to reduce the cost of solar power systems important. This thesis investigates the possibility and potential economic synergies of combining solar power with UPS systems, which have been previously researched only from a purely technical point of view. This thesis instead evaluates the hypothesis that a combined solar and UPS system might save additional costs compared to regular grid-tied systems, even in a stable power grid. The primary reason is that on-line UPS systems rectifies and inverts all electricity, which means that solar energy can be delivered to the DC part of the UPS system instead of an AC grid, avoiding the installation of additional inverters in the solar power system. The study is divided into three parts. The first part is a computer simulation using MATLAB, which has an explorative method and aims to simulate a combined system before experimenting physically with it. The second part consists of experiments on a physical prototype system based on basic UPS and solar power components. The third part is an economical assessment of investment costs and energy balances, comparing two separate systems (UPS and solar power separate) to one combined (UPS & solar power). The results from the prototype system show that adding solar power to an UPS system does not interfere with the UPS functionality in any major way, however for optimal performance some additional integration may be necessary. On the contrary, the additional power terminal that the solar panels constitute, can increase system performance during certain operational conditions. The result of the economic analysis shows that a combined system has potential for both a lower investment cost due to cheaper components and increased energy savings through lower conversion losses. The conclusion from the study is that a combined solar energy and UPS system is technically feasible. Furthermore, a combined system has clear economic advantages over two separate systems. This means that a combined system might be economically profitable even in situations where a separate system is not.
Solenergi och avbrottsfri kraftförsörjning (UPS) är två tekniker som växer snabbt. Efterfrågan på solenergi ökar huvudsakligen på grund av den snabba utvecklingen mot billigare solceller, vilket lett till att solenergi blivit lönsamt i en större mängd applikationer. I många områden är solenergi dock fortfarande inte kostnadsmässigt konkurrenskraftigt jämfört med traditionella energikällor, vilket gör en fortsatt sänkning av kostnaderna för solenergi till en viktig fråga för solenergiindustrin. Detta examensarbete har som syfte att undersöka om det är tekniskt möjligt att kombinera solenergi med UPS-system samt potentialen för ekonomiska synergier med denna kombination. Tidigare forskning inom området har endast undersökt denna kombination från en rent teknisk synvinkel. Detta examensarbete driver istället hypotesen att ett kombinerat solenergi- och UPS-system kan leda till större kostnadsbesparingar jämfört med ett traditionellt nätanslutet solenergisystem, även i ett stabilt elnät som i Sverige. En on-line UPS skyddar en känslig last genom att kontinuerligt likrikta och sedan åter växelrikta inkommande ström för att därmed både isolera lasten från nätet samt höja strömkvalitén. I UPS-systemet finns därmed en likströmsdel dit solpanelerna direkt kan kopplas istället för att skicka den genererade solenergin ut på elnätet. Därmed undviks inköp och installation av sol-växelriktare i solenergisystemet. Studien är uppdelad i tre delar. Första delen är en datorsimulering i MATLAB och syftar till att explorativt undersöka det kombinerade systemet för en optimerad design innan fysiska experiment utförs. Den andra delen av studien utgörs av experiment på ett fysiskt prototypsystem baserat på ett principiellt UPS- och solenergisystem. Den tredje delen av studien är en ekonomisk analys av både investeringskostnader och energibalanser som jämför ett kombinerat system (UPS & sol) med två separata system (UPS & sol separat). Resultaten från prototypsystemet visar att påkopplandet av solceller i en principiell UPS har mycket låg påverkan på UPS-systemets funktionalitet, samt att solcellerna som en extra energikälla under vissa driftförhållanden kan ha en positiv påverkan på UPS-systemet. För optimal prestanda kan dock en viss integration av systemen krävas.  Resultatet från den ekonomiska analysen visar att ett kombinerat system har potential att sänka investeringskostnaden genom billigare komponenter. Ett kombinerat system kan även leda till en högre energibesparing jämfört med ett nätanslutet solenergisystem eftersom konverteringsförlusterna i UPS-systemet sjunker i det kombinerade systemet. Slutsatsen av studierna är att ett kombinerat solenergi- och UPS-system är tekniskt möjligt. Dessutom finns betydande ekonomiska synergier med ett kombinerat system. Detta innebär att ett kombinerat system kan vara lönsamt även i fall där ett separat solelsystem inte är det.
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Diaz, Damaris, and Margaretha Johansson. "Energibesparingspotential i UPS-system : Byggnad 13 i SÄS." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Ingenjörshögskolan, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-19433.

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Arbetet utfördes för Västfastigheter på Södra Älvsborgs Sjukhus i Borås. Studiengenomfördes i byggnad 13 där dagens UPS-aggregat börjar bli överbelastat. UPS:en i dennabyggnad har 120kVA kapacitet och försörjer med avbrottsfri kraft övriga avdelningar.Studien gjordes på följande avdelningar: Röntgenklinik, MAVA, KAVA, HIA, Dialys,Medicinavdelning 4, Dagkirurgi, Hudmottagning och AVC (Akutvårdcentral). Syftet meddetta examensarbete är att hitta orsakerna till att befintligt UPS-system är överbelastat ochvilka åtgärder som kan vidtas för att komma till rätta med problemet. Metoden har varit attgöra en grundlig inventering av lokalernas utformning samt en analys av personalenskunskaper i korrekt anslutning av el-förbrukande apparater.Resultatet visar att personalens kunskaper i hur man prioriterar rätt anslutning av elförbrukandeapparater är bristfällig, samt att förutsättningarna för att alltid kunna göra enkorrekt anslutning ibland saknas p.g.a. att korrekt vägguttag inte är åtkomlig.
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Mrázek, Petr. "Záložní zdroj (UPS)." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221364.

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The thesis deals with Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) and associated problems of backup power in case of unexpected outages of electricity. Start of work is dedicated to limitation of the electricity supplies, as well as their causes and consequences. Furthermore, brief history of UPS and subsequently distinguish between UPS’s architectures. There is also a description of the energy sources such as batteries, flywheels or fuel cells. Part of thesis describes security of electricity supply in health care facilities, including requirements for emergency power. The own design of UPS is described in the end.
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Books on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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A, Aleksandrov A., ed. 65 let UGPI-UdGU. Izhevsk: Izd-vo Udmurtskogo universiteta, 1996.

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Conference, Usability Professionals' Association. UPA'96: New heights, new ways, new experiences. [Dallas ,TX: Usability Professionals' Association, 1996.

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Reniers, Genserik L. L., and Luca Zamparini, eds. Security Aspects of Uni- and Multimodal Hazmat Transportation Systems. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527664818.

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Roye, Steve. Killer stand-up comedy system. Encinitas, CA: Baquay Pub., 2003.

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Haeyangbu, Korea (South) Kuktʻo, ed. Tosi kyehoek chŏngbo chʻegye (UPIS) hwaksan chŏllyak yŏnʼgu =: Urban planning information system. Kyŏnggi-do Kwachʻŏn-si: Kuktʻo Haeyangbu, 2008.

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Haeyangbu, Korea (South) Kuktʻo, ed. Tosi kyehoek chŏngbo chʻegye (UPIS) hwaksan chŏllyak yŏnʼgu =: Urban planning information system. Kyŏnggi-do Kwachʻŏn-si: Kuktʻo Haeyangbu, 2008.

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Haeyangbu, Korea (South) Kuktʻo, ed. Tosi kyehoek chŏngbo chʻegye (UPIS) hwaksan chŏllyak yŏnʼgu =: Urban planning information system. Kyŏnggi-do Kwachʻŏn-si: Kuktʻo Haeyangbu, 2008.

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Forum, ATM, ed. ATM user-network interface (UNI) specification version 3.1. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall PTR, 1995.

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Shchehli͡uk, Myron. Poshtovyĭ i tekhnichnyĭ zv'i︠a︡zok OUN i UPA: Monohrafii︠a︡. Lʹviv: Spolom, 2018.

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Franklin, James A. Moving-base simulation evaluation of control/display integration issues for ASTOVL aircraft. Moffett Field, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Ames Research Center, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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Malladi, Sreekanth. "Applying Lowe’s “Small-System” Result to Prove the Security of UPI Protocols." In Innovative Data Communication Technologies and Application, 609–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7167-8_44.

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Gumhalter, Hans. "Static UPS Systems." In Power Supply in Telecommunications, 280–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78403-3_14.

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Reif, Konrad. "Unit Pump System UPS." In Moderne Diesel-Einspritzsysteme, 128–31. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-9715-2_11.

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Reif, Konrad. "Unit Pump System UPS." In Dieselmotor-Management, 272–75. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-2179-9_21.

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Projahn, Ulrich, Carlos Alvarez-Avila, Guilherme Bittencourt, Matthias Hickl, Guido Kampa, Rainer Merkle, Roger Potschin, Walter Reinisch, Nestor Rodriguez-Amaya, and Ralf Wurm. "Unit pump system (UPS)." In Diesel Engine Management, 110–13. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-03981-3_11.

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Alvarez-Avila, Carlos, Guilherme Bittencourt, Carlos Blasco Remacha, Günter Dreidger, Stefan Eymann, Alessandro Fauda, Matthias Hickl, et al. "Unit Pump System UPS." In Basiswissen Dieselmotor-Management, 63–66. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-18330-1_6.

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Aamir, Muhammad. "Proposed Transformerless Online UPS System." In Design of a Non-isolated Single Phase Online UPS Topology with Parallel Battery Bank for Low Power Applications, 41–66. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0493-4_3.

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Zhao, Feng, Qin Wang, and Jian He. "Design of Maintenance System for UPS." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 91–97. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4790-9_12.

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Wauer, H., M. Hensel, H. Kern, and W. J. Kox. "Respiratorisches System." In Check-up Anästhesiologie, 409–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06233-3_20.

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Rammer, Christian. "Technology-based Start-ups." In National Systems of Innovation in Comparison, 153–67. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4949-1_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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Othman, Ikhsan, Azli Ariffin, Abdul Talib M.Hashim, Ridzuan Jaafar, Zaini Abdullah, and Abu Bakar Yusof. "Students’ Understanding On The Similarities Between Malaysia And Indonesia Education System." In Proceedings of the 8th UPI-UPSI International Conference 2018 (UPI-UPSI 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/upiupsi-18.2019.17.

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Arsal, Thriwaty. "Marriage System in Arabian Culture." In 1st UPI International Conference on Sociology Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icse-15.2016.72.

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Daryanto, Purwanto G., and Faris H. Makarim. "Power System Oscillation Damping Model." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.131.

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A, Ana, Indah Khoerunnisa, M. Muktiarni, Vina Dwiyanti, and Asep Maosul. "School Mapping Using Geographic Information System." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.075.

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Kartika, Mila, Milati Febriyani, Muhamad Ilyas Wijaya, and Purnawan. "Technology of Tofu Pressing Tool With Time Delay Valve Pneumatic System." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.122.

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Rustandi, Dicky, Noval Dwi Jayanto, Ibnu Hanifah Alem, and Dandhi Kuswardhana. "Automatic Waste Transport Equipment in the River Integrated With the SCADA System." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.120.

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Thongpaeng, Piyachat. "Effects of Internal Control System on Performance of Local Governments in Sisaket Province." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.140.

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Sucita, Tasma, and Yadi Mulyadi. "Analysis of Alternative Solution for Improving Voltage Profile Due to Overloading Interconnection System 150 KV." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.117.

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Ramadhan, Ilham, Arjuni Budi Pantjawati, and Enjang Akhmad Juanda. "Analysis of Learning Model and Learning Understanding of High School Students in Craft Subject Using an Online Learning System." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.124.

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Mahir, Imam, Syamsuir, and Brenden Federik Immanuel. "The Effect of Online Problem Based Learning Model With Google Classroom on Motorcycle Electrical System Maintenance Knowledge of Vocational High School Students." In 6th UPI International Conference on TVET 2020 (TVET 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210203.111.

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Reports on the topic "UPI SYSTEM"

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Bulatetska, Lesya V., Vitaliy V. Bulatetskyi, Tetyana O. Hryshanovych, Yulia S. Pavlenko, Tetyana I. Cheprasova, and Andrey V. Pikilnyak. Operation system features and cloud services for lecturer work. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4443.

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The work proposes a conception of setup and use of teacher’s or lecturer’s workspace using common software and hardware products. The research object is a system built by using operating system capabilities in conjunction with office suite and public cloud service, as a foundation for teacher’s digital workspace. Research is made on how to set up, scale, and operate such a system, by studying the experience of national and foreign scientists and teachers, and using our own experience in educational processes, and working with operating systems and cloud services. As a result, we got a system which is easy to set up, learn, and apply by teachers without significant experience working remote education systems, and could be used for initial learning of remote education principles. It could be used as an initial step before migrating to specialized remote education systems. In the future, the system itself could be improved by adding additional objects into the system and a higher integration level between objects and external subjects.
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Moore, Murray, and Kirk Reeves. Nuclear Canister Filter Test System UPC Plan. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1764123.

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Liera, Carla, Mónica García, Kim Andersson, and Elisabeth Kvarnström. Combining sewered and non-sewered sanitation in Montero, Bolivia: scaling up sustainably. Stockholm Environment Institute, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.007.

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The city of Montero, through the cooperative utility COSMOL, has successfully implemented on-site sanitation services for part of its population, in parallel to sewer-based services. However, additional solutions, capacity development and strengthening of governance systems are needed to allow for increased sustainability, for both the sewered and non-sewered sanitation services in the city. Technical improvements are still needed in wastewater and excreta management and treatment, to reduce health and environmental impacts. However, optimizing the existing sanitation systems could increase environmental, health and hygiene sustainability. Urine-diverting dry toilets (UDDTs) have the potential to reduce environmental impact the most, once optimized and if urine and faeces are collected and treated for reuse. Local farmers have expressed demand for sanitation reuse products, as long as low price and quality can be guaranteed. From a household perspective, demand exists for high levels of service and maintenance by providers, no matter the type of system, to ensure simple maintenance by users. But the sanitation system still needs to be affordable, match cleanliness expectations, and remain free of odours, mosquitos and rodents. Upscaling on-site sanitation systems depends strongly on the support of the public institutions and resources available, including legal, economic and technical resources, as well as having a long-term vision.
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Humphrey, Watts. Systems of Systems: Scaling Up the Development Process. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada454679.

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Staudt, Rhonda L. Back-Up/ Peak Shaving Fuel Cell System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/929358.

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Carey, Rachael, Maureen Murphy, Leila Alexandra, Jen Sheridan, Kirsten Larsen, and Emily McGill. Building the resilience of Melbourne’s food system – a roadmap. University of Melbourne, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/124371.

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This report from the Foodprint Melbourne research project presents a roadmap of strategies and policy approaches for strengthening the resilience of Melbourne’s food system to shocks and stresses. It focuses particularly on shocks and stresses related to climate change and pandemic, but also considers underlying food system stresses, such as high levels of food waste and declining supplies of the natural resources that underpin food production. The combined effects of these shocks and stresses undermine the resilience of food systems, drive up food prices and increase food insecurity. The report identifies six key areas of opportunity for action to strengthen the resilience of Melbourne’s food system to future shocks and stresses.
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Cormont, Anouk, Peter Verweij, Robert Jan van Oosten, Silke Jacobs, Kees Hendriks, Mariana Hassegawa, Hans Verkerk, et al. Mock-ups for the Forest Information System Europe : Content and design. Wageningen: Wageningen Environmental Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/560764.

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Alexander and Kiefner. L51554 Field Observations on the Two-Phase Hovenweep CO2 Gathering System During Summer Operation. Chantilly, Virginia: Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010290.

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While laboratory-scale studies of single-phase flow have resulted in good correlations for the design of large-diameter pipeline systems, similar approaches for two-phase flow have not been as useful. Although theoretical modeling and simulation of single-phase turbulent flow has not yet been accomplished, empirical observation of many small-scale examples has lead to effective correlations through dimensional analysis. These correlations for a single-phase often do scale-up adequately for design of pipelines. However, when an additional phase is present, this approach has not worked well. It is likely that a better understanding of the fundamental interaction of two-turbulent phases will be necessary if small-scale studies are to be used for the design of large, high-pressure pipeline systems. A more immediate way of gaining some knowledge of two-phase flow in large diameter pipes of the complexity present in the field is to over-design a pipeline system and construct it, field tune it to specifications, then observe its behavior. This is obviously a risky and expensive approach. However, many such systems have been constructed. It is on these successful two-phase pipeline systems that our attention should be focused in the immediate future if we are to improve two-phase pipeline design now of new but similar systems. Such is the focus of this study of the Hovenweep CO2 Gathering System. The Hovenweep CO2 Gathering System was selected for study as a pipeline system that could add to the knowledge of the nature of steady-state two-phase flow in large diameter high pressure pipeline systems with hilly terrain. Characterization includes measurement of the following variables: 1. gas and liquid flow rates; 2. typical gas and liquid compositions; 3. liquid volume fractions; 4. pressure drop across each test segment; 5. temperature.
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Barowy, Adam, Alex Klieger, Jack Regan, and Mark McKinnon. UL 9540A Installation Level Tests with Outdoor Lithium-ion Energy Storage System Mockups. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/jemy9731.

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This report covers results of experiments conducted to obtain data on the fire and deflagration hazards from thermal runaway and its propagation through energy storage systems (ESS). The UL 9540A test standard provides a systematic evaluation of thermal runaway and propagation in energy storage system at cell, module, unit, and installation levels. The data from this testing may be used to design fire and explosion protection systems needed for safe siting and installation of ESS. In addition to temperature, pressure, and gas measurement instruments installed inside of the container, fire service portable gas monitors were placed at locations inside and outside the storage container during the experiments to assess their ability to detect products of thermal runaway and inform fire service size-up decisions. Review section 2.2.3 Fire Service Size-up Equipment to learn more. This research demonstrates a clear need for responding firefighters to have early access to data from instrumentation installed within an ESS, particularly gas measurement instrumentation, available through a monitoring panel. Additionally, it highlights the importance of communication between responding firefighters and personnel responsible for management of the ESS, who can aid in complete evaluation of system data to develop a more clear picture of system status and potential hazards.
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London, Jonathan D. Adoption, Adaption, and the Iterative Challenges of Scaling up in Vietnam: Policy Entrepreneurship and System Coherence in a Major Pedagogical Reform. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-misc_2023/11.

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Đặng Tự Ân played a pivotal role in the genesis, adoption, and diffusion of pedagogical and curricular reforms that are transforming teaching and learning in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. His is a fascinating story of a career that began with the paralyzing disappointment of being assigned to study in a seemingly lowly teacher training college only to culminate, decades later, in his central role in the research, design, piloting, and scaling up of a reform that, despite numerous difficulties, would shape the most far-reaching and progressive curricular reforms in Vietnam’s long educational history. This essay uses the case of VNEN, a pedagogical and curricular reform adapted to Vietnam from the Colombian Escuela Nueva (EN) model, to advance our understanding of the challenges policy entrepreneurs and networks of policy stakeholders can encounter in efforts to institute pathbreaking reforms and of the formidable challenges they can encounter in bringing such reforms to scale. In contemporary research on the political economy of education and learning, the notion of an education system’s coherence for learning refers to the extent to which an education system develops relations of accountability that support improved learning outcomes across a range of relationships that define an education system and an array of policy design elements that education policies contain (Pritchett 2015, Kaffenberger and Spivack 2022). In the development literature, the notion of iterative adaptation speaks to a process wherein the performance of policies can improve rapidly through experimentation rather than mechanical transplantation of “best practices” (Andrews et al. 2013, Le 2018). From the standpoint of research on education systems and major reform efforts aimed at enhancing learning, the case of VNEN represents a particularly interesting instance of the innovation of pedagogical and curricular reforms that were, at their most successful moments, deeply coherent for learning, but which encountered problems at scale owing to a range of factors highlighted in this analysis. More broadly and however problematic at times, Vietnam’s VNEN experience contributed to the broad uptake and diffusion of new curricula and teaching practices. This raises questions about what we can learn from VNEN, including its successes and problems, that may have value for promoting continued improvement in Education systems performance around learning in Vietnam and other settings.
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