Journal articles: 'Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base Station'

1

Zhao, Taifei, Hua Wang, and Qianwen Ma. "The coverage method of unmanned aerial vehicle mounted base station sensor network based on relative distance." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 5 (May 2020): 155014772092022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720920220.

Full text

Abstract:

The unmanned aerial vehicle features with high flexibility and easy deployment. It could be used as an air base station and provide fast communication services for the ground users. It plays an important role in some special occasions such as natural disasters, emergency communications and temporary large-scale activities. A single unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base station has limited range of services, but a multiple unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base station network can serve a wider range of users. The research goal of unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base station network coverage control is to maximize the network coverage under the condition of maintaining the service quality. In view of the low dynamic coverage ratio of unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base station network, this article proposes a relative distance–based unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base station deployment method. The unmanned aerial vehicle realizes on-demand coverage and maintains a stable network topology under the influence of three relative distances by sensing the uncovered area of the ground, the neighbouring unmanned aerial vehicles and the location of the coverage boundary or obstacles. In addition, the algorithm is also adapted to a variety of scenarios. The simulation results show that the coverage of the proposed algorithm is 22.4% higher than that of random deployment, and it is 9.9%, 4.7% and 2.1% higher than similar virtual force-oriented node, circular binary segmentation and hybrid local virtual force algorithms.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Rolly, Rinju Mariam, Pandy Malarvezhi, and Thomas D. Lagkas. "Unmanned aerial vehicles: Applications, techniques, and challenges as aerial base stations." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 18, no. 9 (September 2022): 155013292211239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501329221123933.

Full text

Abstract:

Next generation wireless networks are expected to be greatly supported by unmanned aerial vehicles, which can act as aerial base stations and constitute a promising solution for the exorbitant rise in user demands. This is possible because of unmanned aerial vehicle characteristics such as mobility, flexibility, increased line-of-sight probability, and their ability to access unreachable locations. Extensive research is now widely performed on the deployment, performance analysis, resource management, trajectory optimization, and channel modeling in such networks. This survey article focuses on the different applications and the related algorithms for realizing aerial base stations by thoroughly reviewing each related research area. In a nutshell, this article provides key applications, challenges, and the technology used for the design and analysis of unmanned aerial vehicles as base stations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Garmani, Hamid, Driss Ait Omar, Mohamed El Amrani, Mohamed Baslam, and Mostafa Jourhmane. "Towards a Predictive Analysis of UAV-Based Flying Base Station Decisions." International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 16, no. 2 (July 2020): 20–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbdcn.2020070102.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) as a communication platform is of great practical significance in the wireless communications field. This paper studies the activity scheduling of unmanned aerial vehicles acting as aerial base stations in an area of interest for a specific period. Specifically, competition among multiple UAVs is explored, and a game model for the competition is developed. The Nash equilibrium of the game model is then analyzed. Based on the analysis, an algorithm for Nash equilibrium computation is proposed. Then, a game model with fairness concern is established, and its equilibrium price is also analyzed. In addition, numerical examples are conducted to determine the factors that affect the strategies (price, quality of service, and beaconing duration) of the UAV and to show how the expected profits of UAVs change with that fairness concern point. The authors believe that this research paper will shed light on the application of UAV as a flying base station.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Hayajneh, Khaled F., Khaled Bani-Hani, Hazim Shakhatreh, Muhammad Anan, and Ahmad Sawalmeh. "3D Deployment of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Base Station Assisting Ground-Base Station." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (August 17, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/2937224.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), also named as drones, have become a modern model to provide a quick wireless communication infrastructure. They have been used when conventional base stations’ capacity is suffering in some extreme cases such as congestion inside the cell or a special event. This paper proposes an efficient three-dimension (3D) placement of a single UAV-assisted wireless network in such cases. Our proposed model assists the ground base station (GBS) using the UAV to serve arbitrary distributed users considering the impact of the obstacle blockage over the well-known air-to-ground (A2G) path model. This work is aimed at optimizing the percentage of available bandwidth that must be provided to the UAV in order to maximize the number of served users. In addition, it finds the 3D placement of the UAV base station (UAVBS) that maximizes the number of served users, each with maximum quality-of-service (QoS). The exhaustive search and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms are used to find the problem’s solution.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Curran, Stephen J. "Application of Cellular Communications Models and Designs for Use in Disaster-Aftermath Related Scenarios." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 7, no. 3 (July 2015): 46–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2015070104.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper is a pilot study on the concept of an aerial base station as a future strategy for restoring cellular communications in the aftermath of a major disaster. The strategy being studied makes use of low altitude platforms (LAPs) or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that can hover or orbit in a relatively fixed position and can act as an aerial base station. Unlike High Altitude Platforms (HAP) operating in a layer of the atmosphere above any existing air traffic, the LAPs or UAVs will be able to operate a few hundred to some thousands of meters above ground level. This paper also describes the functionality of the components comprising the aerial base station.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Brito, Carlos, Leonardo Silva, Gustavo Callou, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Dugki Min, Jae-Woo Lee, and Francisco Airton Silva. "Offloading Data through Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: A Dependability Evaluation." Electronics 10, no. 16 (August 10, 2021): 1916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10161916.

Full text

Abstract:

Applications in the Internet of Things (IoT) context continuously generate large amounts of data. The data must be processed and monitored to allow rapid decision making. However, the wireless connection that links such devices to remote servers can lead to data loss. Thus, new forms of a connection must be explored to ensure the system’s availability and reliability as a whole. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly empowered in terms of processing power and autonomy. UAVs can be used as a bridge between IoT devices and remote servers, such as edge or cloud computing. UAVs can collect data from mobile devices and process them, if possible. If there is no processing power in the UAV, the data are sent and processed on servers at the edge or in the cloud. Data offloading throughout UAVs is a reality today, but one with many challenges, mainly due to unavailability constraints. This work proposes stochastic Petri net (SPN) models and reliability block diagrams (RBDs) to evaluate a distributed architecture, with UAVs focusing on the system’s availability and reliability. Among the various existing methodologies, stochastic Petri nets (SPN) provide models that represent complex systems with different characteristics. UAVs are used to route data from IoT devices to the edge or the cloud through a base station. The base station receives data from UAVs and retransmits them to the cloud. The data are processed in the cloud, and the responses are returned to the IoT devices. A sensitivity analysis through Design of Experiments (DoE) showed key points of improvement for the base model, which was enhanced. A numerical analysis indicated the components with the most significant impact on availability. For example, the cloud proved to be a very relevant component for the availability of the architecture. The final results could prove the effectiveness of improving the base model. The present work can help system architects develop distributed architectures with more optimized UAVs and low evaluation costs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Periola, A. A., and E. Obayiuwana. "Intelligent learning diversity mechanism for unmanned aerial vehicles applications." Nigerian Journal of Technology 39, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 514–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/njt.v39i2.22.

Full text

Abstract:

The increased use of drones and aerial vehicles in applications poses challenges of airspace safety for aviation organizations. It is important to ensure the safety of the airspace when a significant number of unmanned aerial vehicles are deployed by civilian users. A solution that meets this requirement is important to promote innovation in the commercialization of air space for civilian users deploying unmanned aerial vehicle. The discussion in this paper proposes a mechanism that uses artificial intelligence to address this challenge. The proposed mechanism utilizes a low altitude platform (LAP) and entities in terrestrial wireless networks. The low altitude platform (LAP) observes, develops insights and training data (with human aid). The training data is used to develop learning mechanisms which determine the suitable unmanned aerial vehicles flight parameters in different scenarios. The use of the LAP reduces the burden of communicating with terrestrial base stations. The unmanned aerial vehicles have a reduced altitude between the LAPs in comparison to terrestrial base stations. This reduces the free space path loss and rain-induced attenuation. The performance benefit of the proposed mechanism in comparison to existing solution is examined via MATLAB simulations. Evaluation shows that the proposed mechanism reduces the network access costs by up to 90% on average. The proposed mechanism also increases available flight power and improves airspace safety by 37.3% and up to 53.2% on average respectively. Keywords: Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles, Intelligence Paradigm; Aviation Safety, Capital Constrained Aviation Organizations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Onidare, Samuel O., Osuolale A. Tiamiyu, Nurudeen O. Yusuff, Dayo R. Aremu, and Adeseko A. Ayeni. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station Assisted Licensed Shared Access." FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 162–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v7i2.809.

Full text

Abstract:

A major issue in deploying aerial base stations is the strain it places on the already scarce spectrum and the associated required re-design of the radio resource allocations. To solve this problem, we propose a Licensed Shared Access- (LSA-) based aerial-terrestrial system. The proposed scheme is an integration of unmanned aerial vehicle base station (UAV-BS), as a licensee system, utilising the radio spectrum allocated to other wireless systems- the incumbent system, with the ground base-station operating at the traditional frequency band for cellular systems. However, a major challenge in using LSA for D-BSs is the spectrum unavailability while the incumbent system is active. In conventional terrestrial networks, this leads to service unavailability in a wide geographical area. To tackle this, we define a dynamic UAV-BS positioning scheme that takes into account the presence or otherwise of the incumbent on the spectrum (incumbent Busy and, Idle mode) while taking into consideration the spatial capacity demand in the licensee network. In the busy incumbent mode, the problem of the UAV-BS positioning is tantamount to a goal programming problem with the first level priority goal of fulfilling the incumbent’s interference threshold constraint. Simulation result show that in addition to, the proposed (LSA-) based aerial-terrestrial scheme, solving the challenge posed by scarcity of spectrum in aerial base station deployment, a significant improvement in the system efficiency is obtained. It is seen that the proposed dynamic UAV-BS positioning scheme achieved the desired capacity requirement of the licensee network, while ensuring the interference threshold is not exceeded, at a relatively smaller distance of 1000 m to the boundary of the incumbent’s system transmission coverage as opposed to a larger distance of about 19 Km.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Chen, Yingjue, Yingnan Gu, Panfeng Li, and Feng Lin. "Minimizing the number of wireless charging PAD for unmanned aerial vehicle–based wireless rechargeable sensor networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 17, no. 12 (December 2021): 155014772110559. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501477211055958.

Full text

Abstract:

In wireless rechargeable sensor networks, most researchers address energy scarcity by introducing one or multiple ground mobile vehicles to recharge energy-hungry sensor nodes. The charging efficiency is limited by the moving speed of ground chargers and rough environments, especially in large-scale or challenging scenarios. To address the limitations, researchers consider replacing ground mobile chargers with lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles to support large-scale scenarios because of the unmanned aerial vehicle moving at a higher speed without geographical limitation. Moreover, multiple automatic landing wireless charging PADs are deployed to recharge unmanned aerial vehicles automatically. In this work, we investigate the problem of introducing the minimal number of PADs in unmanned aerial vehicle–based wireless rechargeable sensor networks. We propose a novel PAD deployment scheme named clustering-with-double-constraints and disks-shift-combining that can adapt to arbitrary locations of the base station, arbitrary geographic distributions of sensor nodes, and arbitrary sizes of network areas. In the proposed scheme, we first obtain an initial PAD deployment solution by clustering nodes in geographic locations. Then, we propose a center shift combining algorithm to optimize this solution by shifting the location of PADs and attempting to merge the adjacent PADs. The simulation results show that compared to existing algorithms, our scheme can charge the network with fewer PADs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Słowik, Maciej, and Zdzisław Gosiewski. "Base Station for Monitoring of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight." Solid State Phenomena 198 (March 2013): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.198.182.

Full text

Abstract:

A configuration of universal base station designed to use mobile networks for long-range transmission of telemetry data is described in the paper. Types of cellular networks and modes of their operation are presented. Next, GPRS system is shown as a possible method of data transmission between UAV and Base Station. Communication modes of the station can be augmented by additional close-range communication system based on Xbee modules. The configuration and integration of test stand for telemetric signals monitoring are shown. Finally, the modes of possible operations based on the conditions of mobile networks are described.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Jia, Shucong, and Lin Zhang. "Modelling unmanned aerial vehicles base station in ground-to-air cooperative networks." IET Communications 11, no. 8 (June 1, 2017): 1187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-com.2016.0808.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Kumar, Kirshna, Sushil Kumar, Omprakash Kaiwartya, Ajay Sikandar, Rupak Kharel, and Jaime Lloret Mauri. "Internet of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: QoS Provisioning in Aerial Ad-Hoc Networks." Sensors 20, no. 11 (June 2, 2020): 3160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113160.

Full text

Abstract:

Aerial ad-hoc networks have the potential to enable smart services while maintaining communication between the ground system and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV). Previous research has focused on enabling aerial data-centric smart services while integrating the benefits of aerial objects such as UAVs in hostile and non-hostile environments. Quality of service (QoS) provisioning in UAV-assisted communication is a challenging research theme in aerial ad-hoc networks environments. Literature on aerial ad hoc networks lacks cooperative service-oriented modeling for distributed network environments, relying on costly static base station-oriented centralized network environments. Towards this end, this paper proposes a quality of service provisioning framework for a UAV-assisted aerial ad hoc network environment (QSPU) focusing on reliable aerial communication. The UAV’s aerial mobility and service parameters are modelled considering highly dynamic aerial ad-hoc environments. UAV-centric mobility models are utilized to develop a complete aerial routing framework. A comparative performance evaluation demonstrates the benefits of the proposed aerial communication framework. It is evident that QSPU outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques in terms of a number of service-oriented performance metrics in a UAV-assisted aerial ad-hoc network environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Chen, Yancheng, Ning Li, Xijian Zhong, and Wei Xie. "Joint Trajectory and Scheduling Optimization for The Mobile UAV Aerial Base Station: A Fairness Version." Applied Sciences 9, no. 15 (July 31, 2019): 3101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9153101.

Full text

Abstract:

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been widely studied in the communication area to work as aerial base stations, due to the high probability of line of sight (LoS) and high flexibility. However, few works consider fairness for the users, which is one of the most important metrics for a network. In this paper, in order to maximize network capacity with the consideration of fairness, trajectory and scheduling of the mobile UAV aerial base station are jointly optimized. Firstly, the problem of maximizing network capacity with the consideration of fairness is formulated. On account of the coupling relationship of trajectory and scheduling, an alternate iteration approach that contains ant colony algorithm and genetic algorithm are then proposed to solve this intractable problem. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate the fairness enhance of the network and the validity and effectiveness of the proposed optimization approach.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Kapoor, Rajesh, Aasheesh Shukla, and Vishal Goyal. "Performance evaluation of unmanned aerial vehicle communication by increasing antennas of cellular base stations." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i1.pp222-237.

Full text

Abstract:

The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) increases with increased performance of their communication link with the ground remote station. Integrating UAVs with existing cellular networks provides the possibility of enhanced performance of communication links. The base stations of existing cellular networks are installed with fixed number of antennas. The performance of UAV communication links can be further enhanced by increasing antennas of cellular base stations of existing networks using multiple antenna techniques such as multi ple input multiple output (MIMO). In this proposed scheme, Massive MIMO technology is used for UAV communications, wherein hundreds of antennas are mounted on cellular base stations. This set up provides significant advantage in terms of enhancement in per formance of UAV communication links, as compared to existing methods of UAV communication. In this paper, performance evaluation of UAV communication links is carried out by increasing the number of antennas at base stations of existing cellular networks. For this evaluation, firstly basic multiple antennas techniques such as point - to - point MIMO and multi - user MIMO (MU - MIMO) are covered based on existing studies and findings. Subsequently, an antenna dependent closed form expression for uplink channel capac ity of massive MIMO based UAV communication links is derived, with few numerical results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Kovalov, Oleksandr, Alexander Elizarov, Vladimir Kokhanenko, and Svyatoslav Manzhura. "Метод локального моніторингу атмосфери за допомогою безпілотних літальних апаратів." Problems of Emergency Situations, no. 34 (2021): 208–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52363/2524-0226-2021-34-16.

Full text

Abstract:

Theoretical substantiation of the method of organization of tropospheric monitoring by means of unmanned aerial vehicles with means of atmospheric monitoring installed on board as an auxiliary technical element of the method of organization of atmospheric monitoring by automated stations located on the basis of base stations of mobile operators is carried out. The analysis of liquidations of consequences of resonant accidents, and also designs and characteristics of unmanned aerial vehicles used at their liquidation is carried out. Modern types and characteristics of measuring equipment that can be installed on board unmanned aerial vehicles and used in atmospheric monitoring are considered. An algorithm for tropospheric monitoring has been developed, based on the use of unmanned aerial vehicles with state monitoring devices installed on board, for the operation of which the time during which measurements should be performed, as well as the required number and coordinates of concentration measurement points have been determined. Differs from existing solutions to the problem of determining the coordinates of measurement points using genetic algorithms. Also, the developed method of local monitoring of the atmosphere with the help of unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with means of monitoring the state of the atmosphere took into account the information delay and determined the time interval during which it is possible to perform measurements. The results obtained in the work are of most interest to the rescue services, which plan to use unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor the state of the atmosphere in emergencies, accompanied by emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Liu, Yao, Zhong Liu, Jianmai Shi, Guohua Wu, and Chao Chen. "Optimization of Base Location and Patrol Routes for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Border Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2019 (January 23, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/9063232.

Full text

Abstract:

The location-routing problem (LRP) of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in border patrol for Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance is investigated, where the locations of UAV base stations and the UAV flying routes for visiting the targets in border area are jointly optimized. The capacity of the base station and the endurance of the UAV are considered. A binary integer programming model is developed to formulate the problem, and two heuristic algorithms combined with local search strategies are designed for solving the problem. The experiment design for simulating the distribution of stations and targets in border is proposed for generating random test instances. Also, an example based on the practical border in Guangxi is presented to illustrate the problem and the solution approach. The performance of the two algorithms is analysed and compared through randomly generated instances.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Zhai, Yikui, Qirui Ke, Ying Xu, Wenbo Deng, Junying Gan, Junying Zeng, Wenlve Zhou, Fabio Scotti, Ruggero Donida Labati, and Vincenzo Piuri. "Mobile Communication Base Station Antenna Measurement Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 119892–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2935613.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Tuyishimire, Emmanuel, Antoine Bagula, Slim Rekhis, and Noureddine Boudriga. "Trajectory Planing for Cooperating Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in the IoT." IoT 3, no. 1 (February 24, 2022): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iot3010010.

Full text

Abstract:

The use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in data transport has attracted a lot of attention and applications, as a modern traffic engineering technique used in data sensing, transport, and delivery to where infrastructure is available for its interpretation. Due to UAVs’ constraints such as limited power lifetime, it has been necessary to assist them with ground sensors to gather local data, which has to be transferred to UAVs upon visiting the sensors. The management of such ground sensor communication together with a team of flying UAVs constitutes an interesting data muling problem, which still deserves to be addressed and investigated. This paper revisits the issue of traffic engineering in Internet-of-Things (IoT) settings, to assess the relevance of using UAVs for the persistent collection of sensor readings from the sensor nodes located in an environment and their delivery to base stations where further processing is performed. We propose a persistent path planning and UAV allocation model, where a team of heterogeneous UAVs coming from various base stations are used to collect data from ground sensors and deliver the collected information to their closest base stations. This problem is mathematically formalised as a real-time constrained optimisation model, and proven to be NP-hard. The paper proposes a heuristic solution to the problem and evaluates its relative efficiency through performing experiments on both artificial and real sensors networks, using various scenarios of UAVs settings.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Mukerjee, Laaboni, Mukul Yadav, Amit Choraria, Atharv Tendolkar, Arjun Hariharan, and M. M. Manohara Pai. "Aerodock (a smart, autonomous charging and docking station for unmanned aerial vehicles)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2161, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2161/1/012058.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the need for contactless operations. While unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being developed to aid humans in countless domains, the need for effective battery management and performance optimization remains a huge task. The proposed solution, the “AeroDock”, aims to tackle these challenges by using wireless power transfer (WPT) technology coupled with smart monitoring of the drone’s health. The performance and hardware checks are assessed at the user end via cloud computing and IoT technology. This system is contact-less, safe, reliable and its usage is not affected by external factors. Thus, the AeroDock is a smart docking station for UAVs which eliminates the need for human intervention in effective charging and maintenance.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Khan, Inam Ullah, Muhammad Abul Hassan, Mohammad Dahman Alshehri, Mohammed Abdulaziz Ikram, Hasan J. Alyamani, Ryan Alturki, and Vinh Truong Hoang. "Monitoring System-Based Flying IoT in Public Health and Sports Using Ant-Enabled Energy-Aware Routing." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (July 1, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1686946.

Full text

Abstract:

In recent decades, the Internet of flying networks has made significant progress. Several aerial vehicles communicate with one another to form flying ad hoc networks. Unmanned aerial vehicles perform a wide range of tasks that make life easier for humans. However, due to the high frequency of mobile flying vehicles, network problems such as packet loss, latency, and perhaps disrupted channel links arise, affecting data delivery. The use of UAV-enabled IoT in sports has changed the dynamics of tracking and working on player safety. WBAN can be merged with aerial vehicles to collect data regarding health and transfer it to a base station. Furthermore, the unbalanced energy usage of flying things will result in earlier mission failure and a rapid decline in network lifespan. This study describes the use of each UAV’s residual energy level to ensure a high level of safety using an ant-based routing technique called AntHocNet. In health care, the use of IoT-assisted aerial vehicles would increase operational performance, surveillance, and automation optimization to provide a smart application of flying IoT. Apart from that, aerial vehicles can be used in remote communication for treatment, medical equipment distribution, and telementoring. While comparing routing algorithms, simulation findings indicate that the proposed ant-based routing protocol is optimal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Dias Santana, Guilherme Marcel, Rogers Silva de Cristo, and Kalinka Regina Lucas Jaquie Castelo Branco. "Integrating Cognitive Radio with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: An Overview." Sensors 21, no. 3 (January 27, 2021): 830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030830.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) demand technologies so they can not only fly autonomously, but also communicate with base stations, flight controllers, computers, devices, or even other UAVs. Still, UAVs usually operate within unlicensed spectrum bands, competing against the increasing number of mobile devices and other wireless networks. Combining UAVs with Cognitive Radio (CR) may increase their general communication performance, thus allowing them to execute missions where the conventional UAVs face limitations. CR provides a smart wireless communication which, instead of using a transmission frequency defined in the hardware, uses software transmission. CR smartly uses free transmission channels and/or chooses them according to application’s requirements. Moreover, CR is considered a key enabler for deploying technologies that require high connectivity, such as Smart Cities, 5G, Internet of Things (IoT), and the Internet of Flying Things (IoFT). This paper presents an overview on the field of CR for UAV communications and its state-of-the-art, testbed alternatives for real data experiments, as well as specifications to build a simple and low-cost testbed, and indicates key opportunities and future challenges in the field.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Shakhatreh, Hazim, Khaled Hayajneh, Khaled Bani-Hani, Ahmad Sawalmeh, and Muhammad Anan. "Cell on Wheels-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle System for Providing Wireless Coverage in Emergency Situations." Complexity 2021 (November 22, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8669824.

Full text

Abstract:

Due to natural disasters, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be deployed as aerial wireless base stations when conventional cellular networks are out of service. They can also supplement the mobile ground station to provide wireless devices with improved coverage and faster data rates. Cells on wheels (CoWs) can also be utilized to provide enhanced wireless coverage for short-term demands. In this paper, a single CoW cooperates with a single UAV in order to provide maximum wireless coverage to ground users. The optimization problem is formulated to find the following: (1) the optimal 2D placement of the CoW, (2) the optimal 3D placement of the UAV, (3) the optimal bandwidth allocation, (4) the percentage of the available bandwidth that must be provided to the CoW and UAV, and (5) the priority of wireless coverage; which maximizes the number of covered users. We utilize the exhaustive search (ES) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithms to solve the optimization problem. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is validated using simulation results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Abdulhafed Sehree, Noor, and Abdulsattar Mohammed Khidhir. "Olive trees cases classification based on deep convolutional neural network from unmanned aerial vehicle imagery." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 27, no. 1 (July 1, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v27.i1.pp92-101.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are one of the various aerial remote sensing platforms with ease of use and cost-effectiveness it can deliver high-resolution imaging, obtained using a variety of sensors. Photogrammetric data is derived by the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS, which consists of a UAV, sensor(s), and base station). As a result of these types, vegetation monitoring is conceivable. Deep neural networks have had a lot of success with image classification tasks, especially in the remote sensing field. In this paper, we demonstrate how deep neural networks can be used to classify olive trees status from aerial images. We have addressed a multi-class classification problem. In this work five different neural network architectures: VGG16, ResNet50, MobileNet, Xception, and VGG19 had been compared. Transfer learning had been accomplished using training of the fully connected layer(s) at the end of the deep learning layers. We used metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and confusion metric to evaluate the results. With accuracy, our model achieves the best results using ResNet50 with an accuracy is (97.2%).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Mignardi, Silvia, Chiara Buratti, Alessandro Bazzi, and Roberto Verdone. "Trajectories and Resource Management of Flying Base Stations for C-V2X." Sensors 19, no. 4 (February 16, 2019): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19040811.

Full text

Abstract:

In a vehicular scenario where the penetration of cars equipped with wireless communication devices is far from 100% and application requirements tend to be challenging for a cellular network not specifically planned for it, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), carrying mobile base stations, becomes an interesting option. In this article, we consider a cellular-vehicle-to-anything (C-V2X) application and we propose the integration of an aerial and a terrestrial component of the network, to fill the potential unavailability of short-range connections among vehicles and address unpredictable traffic distribution in space and time. In particular, we envision a UAV with C-V2X equipment providing service for the extended sensing application, and we propose a UAV trajectory design accounting for the radio resource (RR) assignment. The system is tested considering a realistic scenario by varying the RRs availability and the number of active vehicles. Simulations show the results in terms of gain in throughput and percentage of served users, with respect to the case in which the UAV is not present.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Tian, Fengyuan. "Closed Trajectory Optimization for Aerial Base Station: An Energy Efficiency Design." Frontiers in Computing and Intelligent Systems 2, no. 2 (January 8, 2023): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fcis.v2i2.4602.

Full text

Abstract:

By optimizing the energy-efficient flight trajectory of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), UAV-based aerial base stations (BSs) can provide longer communication services to more ground nodes (GNs) under the UAV battery limitation. Path discretization method and successive convex approximation (SCA) algorithm have been shown to be effective techniques in the design of the energy-aware UAV one-way trajectory along a few GNs. Compared with current studies, this paper designed and compared different optimal closed UAV trajectories among multiple GNs under a wide range of changing communication requirements. Meanwhile, a more complex and realistic scenario is considered where the UAV visits the ground nodes sequentially without repetition from a centrally located terrestrial base station and returns to the starting point in the end. To thoroughly analyze this problem, two UAV trajectory designs are proposed in this paper. One is to use the fly-hover-communicate protocol as a benchmark for comparison, and the other is to require that the UAV should fly and communicate with ground nodes simultaneously, named the fly-over scheme. The simulation results show that, in general, the proposed fly-over scheme outperforms the benchmark results, while in the case of high and low communication demands, the energy-saving performance of both is very similar. Therefore, advice can be given on the design of the UAV trajectory depending on different situations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Zeng, Chenxi, Zhongliang Deng, Jiyang Ma, and Shengsong Yang. "Two-Stage Channel Adaptive Algorithm for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Localization with Cellular Networks." Scientific Programming 2021 (November 8, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8946885.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is regarded as a powerful tool to expand the existing ground wireless network into aerial space. Since high mobility is an essential characteristic for UAV, it is important to carry out an accurate, real-time, and high-precision localization in terms of safe operation and communication link maintenance. The cellular network-based localization technology has provided UAV a solution with both high coverage and seamless connection. However, the complex channel environment between the UAV and terrestrial base station (BS) would have weakened the localization performance. To solve this problem, a two-stage channel adaptive algorithm for cellular-connected UAV has been proposed. The first stage of the algorithm is to revise the observation error introduced by the complex channel environment using the model of DDPG. The second stage is to locate the UAV position with TDOA algorithm using the revised observation values. Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm can achieve the channel adaptive effect by revising the observation errors and improve location performance greatly, especially for UAVs at a relative lower altitude.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Vaigandla, Karthik Kumar, Sravani Thatipamula, and Radha Krishna Karne. "Investigation on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV): An Overview." IRO Journal on Sustainable Wireless Systems 4, no. 3 (August 2, 2022): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36548/jsws.2022.3.001.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular these days. One among the major technological developments of today are UAVs or drones. The coordination and coverage capabilities of large clusters of UAVs, or their cooperative capabilities for such goals as terrain mapping, make them of particular interest. This paper explores the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in smart and modern cities in depth. Future wireless networks will likely include UAVs to facilitate wireless broadcasting and support high-speed transmissions. Various layer techniques are discussed in this paper. Moreover, an overview of the latest UAV communication technologies and network topologies has been presented. Military and commercial applications have attracted a lot of interest in unmanned aerial vehicles. Due to their low cost and flexible deployment, UAVs are considered valuable in 5G and 6G networks due to their communication capabilities. Like aerial base stations, relays, or mobile users in cellular networks, UAVs can provide airborne wireless coverage in a variety of ways. Wireless links can only be established temporarily with UAVs. A great challenge is to extend UAV communication's lifetime and develop low-power, green UAV communication. A comprehensive study of green UAV communications has been presented in this paper. Furthermore, an overview of UAV applications is also illustrated. Additionally, some promising research topics and methods are being discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

CHEN, Yancheng, Ning LI, Xijian ZHONG, and Yan GUO. "Fair Deployment of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station for Maximal Coverage." IEICE Transactions on Communications E102.B, no. 10 (October 1, 2019): 2014–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transcom.2018drp0008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Xiao, Zhenyu, Hang Dong, Lin Bai, Dapeng Oliver Wu, and Xiang-Gen Xia. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station (UAV-BS) Deployment With Millimeter-Wave Beamforming." IEEE Internet of Things Journal 7, no. 2 (February 2020): 1336–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jiot.2019.2954620.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Zou, Jie Tong, Chi Yi Wang, Yue Min Wang, Ming Cong Lu, Hong Yan Ren, and Yi Jia Qiu. "Integration of 3G Wireless Image Transmission System with the Aerial Search and Rescue UAV." Applied Mechanics and Materials 764-765 (May 2015): 708–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.764-765.708.

Full text

Abstract:

With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), the applications of the UAV are more and more extensively, and one of the important applications is aerial search and rescue. Using the UAV for search and rescue can save cost and avoid the risk of personal injury. Nowadays, the UAV usually use analog 1.2GHz, 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz real-time video transmission system. Because of the limited transmission bandwidth, the maximum resolution is only 640*480, which is not enough for aerial search. It is difficult to search and identify the small target by this aerial image with only 640*480 resolutions. Because the mobile devices and 3G base stations are widespread, this research integrated the UAV with a mobile device to perform time lapse photography App. The high resolution (2688*1520 pixels) photo can be transmitted to the cloud server via 3G network. The GCS (ground control station) can receive these high resolution photos from cloud servers. With these high resolution aerial photos, the rescued targets can be found and identified more easily. Using the EXIF (Exchangeable image file format) information of the aerial photo, the GPS coordinate of the target can be acquired.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Hu, Aihua, Zhongliang Deng, Hui Yang, Yao Zhang, Yuhui Gao, and Di Zhao. "An Optimal Geometry Configuration Algorithm of Hybrid Semi-Passive Location System Based on Mayfly Optimization Algorithm." Sensors 21, no. 22 (November 11, 2021): 7484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21227484.

Full text

Abstract:

In view of the demand of location awareness in a special complex environment, for an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) airborne multi base-station semi-passive positioning system, the hybrid positioning solutions and optimized site layout in the positioning system can effectively improve the positioning accuracy for a specific region. In this paper, the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP) formula of a time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angles of arrival (AOA) hybrid location algorithm is deduced. Mayfly optimization algorithm (MOA) which is a new swarm intelligence optimization algorithm is introduced, and a method to find the optimal station of the UAV airborne multiple base station’s semi-passive positioning system using MOA is proposed. The simulation and analysis of the optimization of the different number of base stations, compared with other station layout methods, such as particle swarm optimization (PSO), genetic algorithm (GA), and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. MOA is less likely to fall into local optimum, and the error of regional target positioning is reduced. By simulating the deployment of four base stations and five base stations in various situations, MOA can achieve a better deployment effect. The dynamic station configuration capability of the multi-station semi-passive positioning system has been improved with the UAV.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Salam, Abdu, Qaisar Javaid, and Masood Ahmad. "Bio-inspired cluster–based optimal target identification using multiple unmanned aerial vehicles in smart precision agriculture." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 17, no. 7 (July 2021): 155014772110340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15501477211034071.

Full text

Abstract:

Farming is the major profession in several republics for centuries. However, due to the immigration of individuals from rural to urban, there is prevention in farming. The use of modern technology in the precision agriculture field increases productivity and also improves the exports of a country. The productivity may suffer due to different environmental factors, diseases and insects attacks on the crops, especially tomatoes. The target area (i.e. the affected crops area due to environmental factors) identification and delivery of timely information about diseases in the crops to the ground station are mandatory to make the precautionary measurements. In flying sensor networks, the localization and clustering of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles for target areas identification is a challenging task due to energy constraints, communication range, frequent change in topology, link expiration and high mobility. In this article, we proposed the localization and clustering of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles for the identification of affected target areas in the tomato crop field. The localization of unmanned aerial vehicles depends on the weights of environmental factors, that is, relative humidity, soil moisture, temperature, light intensity, NPK (nitrogen (n), phosphorus (p) and potassium (k)) and power of hydrogen (pH). A honey bee optimization approach is used for the localization and formation of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles’ cluster to accurately identify the target areas. The performance of our bio-inspired approach is compared in terms of communication overhead, packet delivery ratio, mean end-to-end delay and energy consumption with the existing swarm intelligence–based schemes and validated via a simulation. The simulation result shows that the bio-inspired approach performs better among the selected approaches.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Riyandi, Ahmad, Sumardi Sumardi, and Teguh Prakoso. "PID Parameters Auto-Tuning on GPS-based Antenna Tracker Control using Fuzzy Logic." Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 6, no. 3 (July 31, 2018): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.6.3.2018.122-128.

Full text

Abstract:

The moving vehicles require an antenna to communicate which is placed on the vehicles and at the ground station (ground control station, GCS). Generally, GCS uses a directional antenna equipped with the drive system with the conventional proportional, proportional-integral, or proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control, and step-tracking algorithms based on the received signal strength indicator (RSSI). This research used PID control method tuned with fuzzy logic based on Global Positioning System (GPS) to control a directional antenna at GCS. The resulting antenna tracker system was capable of tracking objects with a minimal error of 0° at azimuth and elevation angle and had a maximal error of 49° for a 49 km/hour speed object. The system had an average rise time of 0.7 seconds at an azimuth angle and 1.08 seconds at an elevation angle. This system can be used to control antenna direction for moving vehicles, such as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and rocket.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Guptha M, Nageswara, Y. K. Guruprasad, Yuvaraja Teekaraman, Ramya Kuppusamy, and Amruth Ramesh Thelkar. "Generative Adversarial Networks for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Object Detection with Fusion Technology." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (April 4, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7111248.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) also called as a drone comprises of a controller from the base station along with a communications system with the UAV. The UAV plane can be precisely controlled by a machine operator, similar to remotely directed aircraft, or with increasing grades of autonomy, as like autopilot assistance, up to completely self-directed aircraft that require no human input. Obstacle detection and avoidance is important for UAVs, particularly lightweight micro aerial vehicles, but it is a difficult problem to solve because pay load restrictions limit the number of sensors that can be mounted onto the vehicle. Lidar uses Laser for finding the distance between objects and vehicle. The speed and direction of the moving objects are detected and tracked with the help of radar. When many sensors are deployed, both thermal and electro-optro cameras have great clustering capabilities as well as accurate localization and ranging. The purpose of the proposed architecture is to create a fusion system that is cost-effective, lightweight, modular, and robust as well. Also, for tiny object detection, we recommend a novel Perceptual Generative Adversarial Network method that bridges the representation gap between small and large objects. It employs the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) algorithm, which iimproves object detection accuracy above benchmark models at the same time maintaining real-time efficiency in an embedded computer for UAVs. Its generator, in particular, learns to turn unsatisfactory tiny object representations into super-resolved items that are similar to large objects to deceive a rival discriminator. At the same time, its discriminator contests with the generator to classify the engendered representation, imposing a perceptual restriction on the generator: created representations of tiny objects must be helpful for detection. With three different obstacles, we were able to successfully identify and determine the magnitude of the barriers in the first trial. The accuracy of proposed models is 83.65% and recall is 81% which is higher than the existing models.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Metwaly, Samar Shaker, Ahmed M. Abd El-Haleem, and Osama El-Ghandour. "No-Regret Matching Game Algorithm for NOMA Based UAV-Assisted NB-IoT Systems." Ingénierie des systèmes d information 26, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/isi.260108.

Full text

Abstract:

NB-IoT is the standardized technology for machine type communication (MTC) in Long Term Evolution (LTE). NB-IoT can achieve IoT requirements nevertheless, it suffers a low rate and capacity. On the other hand, Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) are promising technology used to enhance the throughput, capacity, and coverage of wireless communication networks. In this paper, we propose a heterogeneous network scenario where a UAV small Base Station (UBS) is used to assist the LTE Macro Base Station (MBS) with the help of the Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access technique to solve the NB-IoT throughput and capacity issues. Matching game based no-regret learning algorithm is proposed to optimize the NB-IoT device association and using NOMA pairing at each base station to provide the maximum system total rate and capacity. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme increases the total rate of the system by 60% and the system capacity by at least 80%, compared to NOMA without UAV and the total rate and capacity of the system by 200% and 85% respectively, with OMA scheme.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

KAKAULA RAMESHWARAMMA and N MAGESWARI. "IMPLEMENTATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES AS FLYING BASE STATIONS TO ASSIST 5G NETWORKS." international journal of engineering technology and management sciences 7, no. 1 (2023): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i01.024.

Full text

Abstract:

Current wireless communication networks are not able to accommodate the increase in broadband data and are currently encountering fundamental challenges like higher data rate and Quality of Service (QoS) requirements, energy efficiency and excellent end-to-end performance and user coverage in overcrowded areas and hotspots whilst maintaining extremely low latency and high bandwidth. The deployment of 5G networks aims to address such challenges by introducing multiple advancements to the network and implementing new technologies to evolve new radio networks. This will primarily be done by introducing the 5G New Radio, which is the radio technology that is being developed to support the 5G technologies that will solve the problems mentioned previously. With the New Radio implementation, the next generation networks will accommodate the growing data rates. The networks are expected to attain a mobile data volume per unit area that is 1,000 times higher than current networks. Over 10-100 times the number of current connected devices is expected to be accommodated by 5G networks. Coverage is primarily the crucial problem with 5G networks, requiring the densification of urban areas with heterogeneous networks and the deployment of more closely packed terrestrial MBSs. However, this is not cost-effective and can be more complex as terrestrial network replanning will be required. The issue can be overcome by integrating UAVs into the network infrastructure as FBSs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Yu, Peng, Jianli Guo, Yonghua Huo, Xiujuan Shi, Jiahui Wu, and Yahui Ding. "Three-dimensional aerial base station location for sudden traffic with deep reinforcement learning in 5G mmWave networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 16, no. 5 (May 2020): 155014772092637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147720926374.

Full text

Abstract:

Data volume demand has increased dramatically due to huge user device increasement along with the development of cellular networks. And macrocell in 5G networks may encounter sudden traffic due to dense users caused by sports or celebration activities. To resolve such temporal hotspot, additional network access point has become a new solution for it, and unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with base stations is taken as an effective solution for coverage and capacity improvement. How to plan the best three-dimensional location of the aerial base station according to the users’ business needs and service scenarios is a key issue to be solved. In this article, first, aiming at maximizing the spectral efficiency and considering the effects of line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight path loss for 5G mmWave networks, a mathematical optimization model for the location planning of the aerial base station is proposed. For this model, the model definition and training process of deep Q-learning are constructed, and through the large-scale pre-learning experience of different user layouts in the training process to gain experience, finally improve the timeliness of the training process. Through the simulation results, it points out that the optimization model can achieve more than 90% of the theoretical maximum spectral efficiency with acceptable service quality.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Peng, Jiakai, Jun Lu, Hong Yang, Lei Liang, Ran Tang, Wei Zhang, and Min Zhao. "Near Surface Layer Meteorological Observation System Based on Programmable Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2419, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 012099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2419/1/012099.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract With the rapid development of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) technology, to give full play to the spatial flexibility of multi-rotor UAV, this paper designs and develops a programmable UAV-based near-surface layer meteorological observation system to achieve the measurement of meteorological data such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind, wind direction and particle concentration in the near-surface layer environment. The data obtained from the measurements are accurate and reliable, and have positive implications for scientific research in meteorology. The system makes good use of the portability and intelligence of the UAV, and can work in different environments and adapt well to all kinds of weather. In addition, the use of a microcontroller realizes the real-time transmission of detection data and ensures the timeliness and reliability of the data. And the ground station can also monitor and intelligently control the whole process of the UAV and complete a variety of different tasks.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Amphawan, Angela, Norhana Arsad, Tse-Kian Neo, Muhammed Basheer Jasser, and Athirah Mohd Ramly. "Post-Flood UAV-Based Free Space Optics Recovery Communications with Spatial Mode Diversity." Electronics 11, no. 14 (July 19, 2022): 2257. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11142257.

Full text

Abstract:

The deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for free space optical communications is an attractive solution for forwarding the vital health information of victims from a flood-stricken area to neighboring ground base stations during rescue operations. A critical challenge to this is maintaining an acceptable signal quality between the ground base station and UAV-based free space optics relay. This is largely unattainable due to rapid UAV propeller and body movements, which result in fluctuations in the beam alignment and frequent link failures. To address this issue, linearly polarized Laguerre–Gaussian modes were leveraged for spatial mode diversity to prevent link failures over a 400 m link. Spatial mode diversity successfully improved the bit error rate by 38% to 55%. This was due to a 10% to 19% increase in the predominant mode power from spatial mode diversity. The time-varying channel matrix indicated the presence of nonlinear deterministic chaos. This opens up new possibilities for research on state-space reconstruction of the channel matrix.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Yang, Kai-Wei, Yen-Yun Huang, Jen-Wei Huang, Ya-Rou Hsu, Chang-Lin Wan, Hong-Han Shuai, Li-Chun Wang, and Wen-Huang Cheng. "Improving Crowd Density Estimation by Fusing Aerial Images and Radio Signals." ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 18, no. 3 (August 31, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3492346.

Full text

Abstract:

A recent line of research focuses on crowd density estimation from RGB images for a variety of applications, for example, surveillance and traffic flow control. The performance drops dramatically for low-quality images, such as occlusion, or poor light conditions. However, people are equipped with various wireless devices, allowing the received signals to be easily collected at the base station. As such, another line of research utilizes received signals for crowd counting. Nevertheless, received signals offer only information regarding the number of people, while an accurate density map cannot be derived. As unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are now treated as flying base stations and equipped with cameras, we make the first attempt to leverage both RGB images and received signals for crowd density estimation on UAVs. Specifically, we propose a novel network to effectively fuse the RGB images and received signal strength (RSS) information. Moreover, we design a new loss function that considers the uncertainty from RSS and makes the prediction consistent with the received signals. Experimental results show that the proposed method successfully helps break the limit of traditional crowd density estimation methods and achieves state-of-the-art performance. The proposed dataset is released as a public download for future research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Tserklevich, Anatoliy, and Vasyl Khoptar. "Accuracy Estimation Analysis of Land Parcel Area Determination Based on Aerosurveying Materials in Comparison with Results of Ground Geodetic Measurements." Baltic Surveying 9 (December 5, 2018): 69–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/10.22616/j.balticsurveying.2018.021.

Full text

Abstract:

The presence of a large number of territorial units with a high price of land determines the appropriate accuracy of their area determination in the short term. The widespread use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a modern geospatial mapping technology. Using an UAV equipped with appropriate devices for aerosurveying  such as, for example, the Trimble UX5  is economically feasible in comparison with ground geodetic measurements, since the latter requires a lot of costs. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to analyze accuracy estimation of land parcel area determination based on aero surveying materials using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) in comparison with results of ground geodetic measurements using a total station. As a result, a comparison of detailed plan and an existing base of land parcel measurements with accuracy estimations have been made. Based on our analysis and experimental studies, we can state that the UAV allows more efficient data collection within the requirements of land management in comparison with ground geodetic measurements. The use of aero surveying materials for determination of land parcel areas has been proposed. The results of the study provide an opportunity to improve the reliability of land parcel data in the normative and methodological framework.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

José-Torra, Ferran, Antonio Pascual-Iserte, and Josep Vidal. "A Service-Constrained Positioning Strategy for an Autonomous Fleet of Airborne Base Stations." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 11, 2018): 3411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103411.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper proposes a positioning strategy for a fleet of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) airlifting wireless base stations driven by communication constraints. First, two schedulers that model the distribution of resources among users within a single cell are analyzed. Then, an UAV autonomous positioning strategy is developed, based on a fair distribution of the radio resources among all the users of all the cells in a given scenario, in such a way that the user bitrate is the same regardless the users’ distribution and spatial density. Moreover, two realistic constraints are added related to capacity of the backhaul link among the UAVs and the ground station: the bitrate delivered per UAV and the total backhaul bandwidth shared among all the UAVs. Additionally, an energy consumption model is considered to evaluate the efficiency and viability of the proposed strategy. Finally, numerical results in different scenarios are provided to assess both the schedulers performance and the proposed coordinated positioning strategy for the UAVs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Verma, Deepika, Rahul Bosu, and Shanthi Prince. "Performance Investigation of WDM based hybrid RF-FSO Link with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles based Optical Relays." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2335, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2335/1/012015.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The paper presents the design of wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) based hybrid radio frequency-free space optical communication (RF-FSOC) system for high data rate transmission in the scenarios where the direct line-of-sight (LOS) view between the end-to-end communication nodes is unavailable. As such, a simulation model of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) based parallel relaying mechanism incorporating amplify and reflection (AR) technique is presented for establishing a point-to-point FSOC link between UAV and ground base station. Furthermore, the power spectral characteristics of the WDM optical signals modulated by 8-PAM signalling scheme at the transmitter node of the proposed model is simulated and analysed in the Optisystem 16. The simulation results illustrate that the overall link length of the proposed UAV based hybrid system with 1 Gbps data rate and transmitted beam divergence angle of 10 mrad extends upto a maximum range of 200 m in light fog condition.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Li, Jialiuyuan, Dianjie Lu, Guijuan Zhang, Jie Tian, and Yawei Pang. "Post-Disaster Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station Deployment Method Based on Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 168327–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2954332.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Zhao, Zhongliang, Pedro Cumino, Christian Esposito, Meng Xiao, Denis Rosário, Torsten Braun, Eduardo Cerqueira, and Susana Sargento. "Smart Unmanned Aerial Vehicles as base stations placement to improve the mobile network operations." Computer Communications 181 (January 2022): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2021.09.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Ngo, Quynh, Duc Ngoc Minh Dang, and Khoa Anh Tran. "Flying Height Optimization for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Cellular - Flying Adhoc Network." Journal of Advanced Engineering and Computation 2, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.25073/jaec.201824.210.

Full text

Abstract:

In Flying Adhoc NETwork (FANET), the communications between Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), UAVs to infrastructure, and UAVs to wireless sensors are crucial design factors. With strict energy constrain during flying operation, the allocation of power and resources, the flying strategy, and the medium access mechanism shall be effectively used. When employing cellular network as backhaul for UAVs, the flying height of UAVs not only affects the communication between UAVs and end users on the ground, but also determines the reception between infrastructure (base stations from the cellular network) to UAVs. In this paper, we optimize the flying height of UAVs for better reception from the cellular network by using stochastic geometry analysis to model the aggregated interference at the UAV side. The network system performance is also examined under the effect of fading-less channel and Rayleigh fading channel.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Liu, Pingchuan, Kuangang Fan, and Yuhang Chen. "Analytical Blind Beamforming for a Multi-Antenna UAV Base-Station Receiver in Millimeter-Wave Bands." Sensors 21, no. 19 (September 30, 2021): 6561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21196561.

Full text

Abstract:

Over the last decade, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with antenna arrays have usually been employed for the enhancement of wireless communication in millimeter-wave bands. They are commonly used as aerial base stations and relay platforms in order to serve multiple users. Many beamforming methods for improving communication quality based on channel estimation have been proposed. However, these methods can be resource-intensive due to the complexity of channel estimation in practice. Thus, in this paper, we formulate an MIMO blind beamforming problem at the receivers for UAV-assisted communications in which channel estimation is omitted in order to save communication resources. We introduce one analytical method, which is called the analytical constant modulus algorithm (ACMA), in order to perform blind beamforming at the UAV base station; this relies only on data received by the antenna. The feature of the constant modulus (CM) is employed to restrict the target user signals. Algebraic operations, such as singular value decomposition (SVD), are applied to separate the user signal space from other interferences. The number of users in the region served by the UAV can be detected by exploring information in the measured data. We seek solutions that are expressible as one Kronecker product structure in the signal space; then, the beamformers that correspond to each user can be successfully estimated. The simulation results show that, by using this analytically derived blind method, the system can achieve good signal recovery accuracy, a reasonable system sum rate, and acceptable complexity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Rahmaniar, Wahyu, Wen-June Wang, Wahyu Caesarendra, Adam Glowacz, Krzysztof Oprzędkiewicz, Maciej Sułowicz, and Muhammad Irfan. "Distance Measurement of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Vision-Based Systems in Unknown Environments." Electronics 10, no. 14 (July 10, 2021): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141647.

Full text

Abstract:

Localization for the indoor aerial robot remains a challenging issue because global positioning system (GPS) signals often cannot reach several buildings. In previous studies, navigation of mobile robots without the GPS required the registration of building maps beforehand. This paper proposes a novel framework for addressing indoor positioning for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in unknown environments using a camera. First, the UAV attitude is estimated to determine whether the robot is moving forward. Then, the camera position is estimated based on optical flow and the Kalman filter. Semantic segmentation using deep learning is carried out to get the position of the wall in front of the robot. The UAV distance is measured using the comparison of the image size ratio based on the corresponding feature points between the current and the reference of the wall images. The UAV is equipped with ultrasonic sensors to measure the distance of the UAV from the surrounded wall. The ground station receives information from the UAV to show the obstacles around the UAV and its current location. The algorithm is verified by capture the images with distance information and compared with the current image and UAV position. The experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an accuracy of 91.7% and a computation time of 8 frames per second (fps).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

You, Jisang, Seungjae Jung, Juhwan Seo, and Joonhyuk Kang. "Energy-Efficient 3-D Placement of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Station With Antenna Tilting." IEEE Communications Letters 24, no. 6 (June 2020): 1323–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2020.2979437.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Liang, Ziyi, Yanpeng Dai, Ling Lyu, and Bin Lin. "Adaptive Data Collection and Offloading in Multi-UAV-Assisted Maritime IoT Systems: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach." Remote Sensing 15, no. 2 (January 4, 2023): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15020292.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper studies the integration of data collection and offloading for maritime Internet of Things (IoT) systems with multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). In the considered multi-UAV maritime IoT system, the UAVs act as the aerial base stations to complete the missions of data collection from buoys and data offloading to the offshore base station (OBS). In this case, the UAVs need to adaptively select the mission mode between data collection and data offloading according to the network resources and mission requirements. In this paper, we aimed to minimize the completion time of data collection and offloading missions for all UAVs by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectories, mission mode selection, transmit power of buoys, and association relationships between the UAVs and buoy/OBS. In order to solve the mixed-integer non-convex minimization problem, we first designed a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm based on a hybrid discrete and continuous action space to preliminarily obtain the UAV trajectories, mission mode selection, and the transmit power of buoys. Then, we propose an algorithm based on the stable marriage problem to determine the buoy–UAV and UAV–OBS association relationships. Finally, the simulation results show that the proposed algorithms can effectively shorten the total mission completion time of data collection and offloading for the multi-UAV-assisted maritime IoT system.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Base Station'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles