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Journal articles on the topic 'Universality of fact'
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Khotimah, Khusnul. "Islam dan Globalisasi: Sebuah Pandangan tentang Universalitas Islam." KOMUNIKA 3, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.24090/kom.v3i1.2009.pp114-132.
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Globalization is a historical fact that has significant influence on society’s life system. This condition has to facewith wise reaction. Islam as religion that have universal and global order, certainly have role on solving globalization problem.Its clear from its universality, Islam can have significant role to shape global community. Islamic universalism can be seenfrom several manifestations, e/g: cosmopolitan cultural teaching, science development, holistic social order and completevalues. From this, Islam universality is able to face economic, education, culture, technology and other problems
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Altwicker, Tilmann. "Non-Universal Arguments under the European Convention on Human Rights." European Journal of International Law 31, no. 1 (February 2020): 101–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chaa015.
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Abstract It is popular to view international human rights law as universal. In a normative sense, human rights universality refers to certain qualities of human rights norms. These qualities have long been under attack, most recently by what is called here human rights nationalism. The main point made in this article is that some of the criticism levelled against normative human rights universality can be accommodated through interpretation. To this end, non-universality of human rights is judicially created (argumentative non-universality). This article offers an analysis of argumentative non-universality in the context of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). It shows that the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) operationalizes argumentative non-universality through a conception of asymmetric protection, by using context as a difference-making fact and by allowing, in certain cases, for a decentralized interpretation of rights under the ECHR. As argued here, resorting to argumentative non-universality sometimes makes sense because non-universality takes seriously the fact that individual freedom is, to some extent, socially and politically conditioned. Furthermore, non-universality allows for reasonable interpretive pluralism, and it contributes to the institutional legitimacy of the ECtHR. In conclusion, the ECtHR is, rightly so, an ‘interpreter of universality’ (as quoted by Judge Pinto de Albuquerque) as it is an interpreter of the non-universality of convention rights.
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Czarnocka, Małgorzata. "How Is Science Universal?" Dialogue and Universalism 29, no. 2 (2019): 217–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du201929230.
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I investigate the universality of science as perceived in epistemological conceptions and in sociology of science, as well as claims about the anti-universal character of science. In this, I distinguish two kinds of universality of science: epistemic and global cultural/social, and in the latter also the global universality of the basic level of science. I attempt to show that epistemology views science as universal in its basic aspects relating to knowledge, its object, subject and cognitive values as well as methods, which, according to the epistemological meta-theses, are necessary for scientific validity and autonomy. I also draw attention to the fact that sociologised, multiculturally-oriented approaches to science are wrong to hold it for irrevocably anti-universal and exclusively a part of Western culture. I suggest instead the perspective of basic-level global universalism, where science is seen to grow out of a cultural base common to all cultures, which provides the criteria for weak rationality, weak empiricism and methodology and determines the nomological character of cognition. Finally, I trace the evolution of universality from a property of science to a value, and ask about the meaning of this property-cum-value for the human world.
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Jung, Hwa Yol. "Transversality and the Philosophical Politics of Multiculturalism in the Age of Globalization." Research in Phenomenology 39, no. 3 (2009): 416–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/008555509x12472022364208.
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AbstractThis essay advances the concept of transversality by drawing philosophical insights from Maurice Merleau-Ponty, Calvin O. Schrag, and the Martinicuan francophone Edouard Glissant. By so doing, it begins with a critique of the notion of universality in modern Western philosophy. It targets Hegel—the modernist incarnate—in particular, who had a dark view of the non-Western world. His overarching Eurocentric universality is founded on the fallacious premise that what is particular in the West is universalized or universalizable, whereas what is particular in the non-West remains particular forever. As Glissant puts it succinctly, however, thinking about “One” is not thinking about “All” or “Many.” Eurocentric universality is outmoded and thus has no place in the globalization of the multicultural world. It simply ignores the reality of interlacing of multiple life-worlds. The concept of transversality, which is symbolized in the Maitreyan Middle Way, is proposed to replace universality, which tends to be nothing but the philosophical expression of a particular socio-cultural life-world. It not only reduces ethnocentric ignorance but also fosters a hybridity that in fact dissolves the binary opposition between particularism and universalism. In short, transversality is conceived of as a new paradigm in philosophical conceptualization or world philosophy. What is traditionally called “comparative philosophy” is not just a neglected branch of philosophy, but it is poised to transform radically the very conception of philosophy itself.
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Wimmer, Franz Martin. "Cultural Centrisms and Intercultural Polylogues in Philosophy." International Review of Information Ethics 7 (September 1, 2007): 82–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/irie9.
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Figal, Günter. "The Universality of Technology and the Independence of Things." Research in Phenomenology 45, no. 3 (November 11, 2015): 358–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691640-12341317.
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In the 1949 Bremen Lectures, Martin Heidegger characterizes the essence of technology as a universal, or total, condition of modern existence. This makes it appear as though nothing can exist in the world independent of the technological. The fact that technology attempts to do away with distance, however, means that technology’s very workings presuppose the existence of distance and nearness that oppose it. Things, insofar as they are, according to Heidegger, essentially near remain independent of technology. By describing the nearness and nearing of things, this article reinterprets the Heideggerian concepts of the fourfold and world-formation to critically challenge the universality of technology. The human experience of things in their spatiality—especially the human aesthetic enjoyment of and abiding with things—is an example of a facet of life where technology does not annihilate distance and nearness.
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Adler, Melissa. "Wikipedia and the Myth of Universality." Nordisk Tidsskrift for Informationsvidenskab og Kulturformidling 5, no. 1 (March 13, 2016): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/ntik.v5i1.25882.
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Introduction I write from the U.S., where the removal of "women writers" from the more general and inclusive "writers" category in 2013 drew national ire and debate (Filipacchi, 2013). The episode heightened visibility of the fact that Wikipedia entries are not only predominantly created and edited by men, but that the categories that organize the content are also gendered and hierarchical. Indeed, classification is arguably at the root of some of the most critical questions regarding Wikipedia's functions and limitations. The construction of categories for access to knowledge and information is inherently paradoxical-it is by way of categories that we organize and access information in any information retrieval system. But categories are by definition limiting and exclusionary, and they operate on the basis of membership and nonmembership: an inside and an outside. Membership and the terms by which we name those categories-especially with regard to humans and human subjectivities-are almost always political and contested.
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Anam, Syaiful. "The Universality of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights: Does it merely express Western Values?" Nation State Journal of International Studies 1, no. 1 (December 31, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.24076/nsjis.2018v1i1.85.
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The debate over the universality of Universal Declaration of Human Rights remains taking place. Apart from the fact that the document remains popular and has been encouraged by many countries around the world. The debate revolves around values and cultural differences among countries claiming that Western values have been predominating the content of the declaration itself. This essay argues that the dispute towards the universality of UDHR would likely form a robust standard and values of internationally recognized human rights as long as a cross-cultural and cross-philosophical talk could be encouraged.
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Yaseen, Tabzeer. "Exploring the Universality of Feminine Subjugation." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 7, no. 2 (May 25, 2017): 178. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v7.n2.p7.
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<div><p><em>History is witness to the fact that women have been the objects of suppression and subjugation in the world. This oppression has been institutionalized in nearly all the societies of the world. The end result of this process of institutionalization has been the absence of women from the corridors of power, her absence from the fields of knowledge production, her absence in the histories of their places. The objective of this paper is to analyze the near universality of this feminine absence in history. What are the factors that led to this situation and how did feminity end up being valued as ‘inferior’ in comparison to ‘masculine’ attributes. This led to her existence being limited and defined by her corporal self. The end result is that one half of the population of the world had to live a miserable life till feminism emerged on the scene. This paper also traces the emergence of feminism as a reaction to this universality of feminine subjugation. The methodology adopted has been textual and literary analysis.</em></p></div>
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Corbett, Ross J. "Locke's Biblical Critique." Review of Politics 74, no. 1 (2012): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670512000022.
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AbstractThe essay clarifies the relationship between Locke's political and his religious thought. To the extent that Locke's political thought is an outgrowth of a particular strand of Christianity, its claims to universality would be significantly diminished. Several plausible interpretations of his political thought rely on his religiosity. Others maintain that this religiosity was a façade. Close attention to Locke's analysis of the Hebrew text of Gen. 1:28 unambiguously points to a critique of the Bible on semantic grounds. Locke subtly argues that the wording of the Bible makes the interpretation of scripture by scripture alone impossible. The fact that Locke goes out of his way to critique the Bible refutes interpretations of Locke's thought that rely on his religiosity and reestablishes the universalist claims of his political thought.
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Molag, Leslie D., and Marco Stevens. "Universality for conditional measures of the Bessel point process." Random Matrices: Theory and Applications 10, no. 01 (February 6, 2020): 2150012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s201032632150012x.
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The Bessel point process is a rigid point process on the positive real line and its conditional measure on a bounded interval [Formula: see text] is almost surely an orthogonal polynomial ensemble. In this paper, we show that if [Formula: see text] tends to infinity, one almost surely recovers the Bessel point process. In fact, we show this convergence for a deterministic class of probability measures, to which the conditional measure of the Bessel point process almost surely belongs.
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CARDELLI, LUCA, and GIANLUIGI ZAVATTARO. "Turing universality of the Biochemical Ground Form." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 20, no. 1 (February 2010): 45–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129509990259.
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We explore the expressive power of languages that naturally model biochemical interactions relative to languages that only naturally model basic chemical reactions, identifying molecular association as the basic mechanism that distinguishes the former from the latter. We use a process algebra, the Biochemical Ground Form (BGF), that adds primitives for molecular association to CGF, which is a process algebra that has been proved to be equivalent to the traditional notations for describing basic chemical reactions. We first observe that, unlike CGF, BGF is Turing universal as it supports a finite precise encoding of Random Access Machines, which comprise a well-known Turing powerful formalism. Then we prove that the Turing universality of BGF derives from the interplay between the molecular primitives of association and dissociation. In fact, the elimination from BGF of the primitives already present in CGF does not reduce the computational strength of the process algebra, but if either association or dissociation is removed, BGF ceases to be Turing complete.
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Yashin, B. L. "Mathematics and Culture: Uniqueness and Universality of Mathematics." Prepodavatel XXI vek, no. 3, 2020 (2020): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31862//2073-9613-2020-3-11-21.
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The article deals with the origin of mathematics and its nature, the degree of dependence of mathematics development on socio-cultural factors, and the dilemma of uniqueness (universality) and plurality (uniqueness) of mathematics. The essence of this “confrontation” is revealed, which consists in the fact that the supporters of uniqueness talk about “experienced” mathematics, which originates and is mastered in the everyday subject activity of a person, and their opponents promote modern “academic” mathematics. The legitimacy of both points of view is substantiated. It is argued that research in ethno-mathematics can be useful in solving the question of what mathematics is: “free mind creation” or the product of “social interactions”? The problem of the appropriateness of referring to the personal experience of students in mathematics which expresses the specificity of their social and cultural-historical practices is defined.
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Campbell, Patricia Shehan. "Music, the universal language: Fact or fallacy?" International Journal of Music Education os-29, no. 1 (May 1997): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/025576149702900105.
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In this era of internationalism and multiculturalism, some music programmes may be hanging by this very thread: the belief that through the mere exposure of students to ‘songs from many lands’, a cultural harmony and a multicultural understanding might be achieved. Yet the question must arise among educators as it has frequently done among ethnomusicologists throughout the twentieth century. Is music, in fact, universally understood? And with little or no formal education to undergird the culture-specific meanings that music may encompass? This paper will review relevant ethnomusicological literature from the turn of the century onward, in an attempt to make sense of the truth or deception behind the statement music, the universal language’, and as a means of seeking out why romantic notions and politically-correct directives may be driving the continuance of the premise that ‘all music is created equal’. Emic and etic views of music, and issues of bimusicality and multimusicality are also addressed relevant to teaching music from the perspective of diversity (culture-specific distinctions) or universality (homogenous properties).
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Et. al., Dr K. Ramesh,. "Universality of Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman." Turkish Journal of Computer and Mathematics Education (TURCOMAT) 12, no. 5 (April 10, 2021): 1901–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/turcomat.v12i5.2270.
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This paper aims at analyzing Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman with a view to bring out its contemporary relevance. During its first performanace in 1949 the play shocked the American audience by its portrayal of the tragedy of the protagonist Willy Loman. The American audience were able to identify themselves with the protagonist and soon the tragedy of Willy Loman is empathised by the audience worldwide transcending spatio-temporal barriers. As put by June Schlueter, “He (Willy Loman) was a character who …encapsulated the spirit of the ordinary man whose work ethic, pride and self-deceptions did not admit defeat” (509). Willy commits suicide at the end of the play because of his inability to accept defeat. In fact, “Willy was the man everyone in the audience feared he would become, the man who unwittingly schooled us as a society on the need to accommodate our failures “ (509). Death of a Salesman will resonate with today’s audience because of its universal theme of an individual’s inability to realize his/her own dreams.
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Haque, Md Ziaul. "“One of Us” in Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim: Fact or Myth?" Journal of English Language and Literature 3, no. 3 (June 30, 2015): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17722/jell.v3i3.72.
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This paper attempts to analyse the term ‘one of us’ in Joseph Conrad’s Lord Jim from a range of viewpoints. Marlow consistently regards Jim as ‘one of us’ and many hidden meanings tag along. We have to ponder over the fact that what Marlow’s actual intention is especially when he utters those three words. Consequently, the phrase, ‘one of us’ has turned into a tricky puzzle before us. Let us find out what is concealed behind these words. However, it goes without saying that this paper will concentrate especially on racism, behaviour, optimism, honour, sympathy, shameful secrets, homosexuality, trustworthiness, manliness and courage and universality in order to detect the factual meanings of the term in question.
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Ganicheva, A. V., and A. V. Ganichev. "Method for Constructing a Confidence Interval for the Variance of a Random Variable." Vestnik NSUEM, no. 3 (October 9, 2021): 146–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.34020/2073-6495-2021-3-146-155.
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The problem of reducing the number of observations for constructing a confidence interval of variance with a given degree of accuracy and reliability is considered. The new method of constructing an interval estimate of variance developed in the article is formulated by three statements and justified by four proven theorems. Formulas for calculating the required number of observations depending on the accuracy and reliability of the estimate are derived. The results of the calculations are presented in the table and shown in the diagram. The universality and effectiveness of this method is shown. The universality of the method lies in the fact that it is applicable to any laws of probability distribution, and not only for the normal law. The effectiveness of the developed method is justified by comparing its performance with other known methods.
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CAICEDO, ANDRÉS EDUARDO, and MARTIN ZEMAN. "DOWNWARD TRANSFERENCE OF MICE AND UNIVERSALITY OF LOCAL CORE MODELS." Journal of Symbolic Logic 82, no. 2 (June 2017): 385–419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jsl.2016.68.
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AbstractIf M is a proper class inner model of ZFC and $\omega _2^{\bf{M}} = \omega _2 $, then every sound mouse projecting to ω and not past 0¶ belongs to M. In fact, under the assumption that 0¶ does not belong to M, ${\bf{K}}^{\bf{M}} \parallel \omega _2 $ is universal for all countable mice in V.Similarly, if M is a proper class inner model of ZFC, δ > ω1 is regular, (δ+)M = δ+ and in V there is no proper class inner model with a Woodin cardinal, then ${\bf{K}}^{\bf{M}} \parallel \delta $ is universal for all mice in V of cardinality less than δ.
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f, f., f. f, f. f, and f. f. "A Cultural Studies Based Approach to Chinese Dictionaries: Focusing on the Social Production of Ganghuijajeon." Society for Chinese Humanities in Korea 85 (December 31, 2023): 619–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.35955/jch.2023.12.85.619.
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The main purpose of this work is to present a new approach based on cultural studies to Chinese dictionaries and related studies, which is accomplished by means of overcoming the limitation of existing methods. Here, the limitation refers in fact to the wall that stands firmly on the base of micro-inquiry or quantitative research on a specific dictionary, blocking the expansion and deepening of Chinese dictionary research. The overcoming implies a new method of identifying both universality and specificity of the dictionary through a macroscopic yet comprehensive exploration carried out for the overall political-economic and socio-cultural conditions of the time in which the social production of the dictionary was actually made possible. In this respect, the relationship between continuity and discontinuity is examined, analyzed, and explained in the framework of multi-layered transition of history, and so do the universality and specificity of a given Chinese dictionary in those of formation discursive and contemporary system of knowledge production. Lastly, it is expected that the multi-dialecticization of continuity-discontinuity and universality-specificity will present a new perspective on Chinese dictionaries and related research as a window to look into Chinese civilization and society.
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BAILLIE, C. F., R. D. WILLIAMS, and D. A. JOHNSTON. "NON-UNIVERSALITY IN DYNAMICALLY TRIANGULATED RANDOM SURFACES WITH EXTRINSIC CURVATURE." Modern Physics Letters A 05, no. 21 (August 30, 1990): 1671–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021773239000192x.
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Earlier simulations of dynamically triangulated random surfaces with a pure Gaussian (Polyakov) action have suggested that the incorporation of a term which is equivalent to the square of the scalar curvature, R2, in the continuum can affect the properties of the surfaces, despite the fact that such a term appears to be irrelevant on dimensional grounds. However, simulations by the current authors and Catterall of dynamically triangulated random surfaces with extrinsic curvature produced essentially identical results despite differing coefficients for the R2 term. In this short note we show that small (positive or negative) values of this coefficient have little effect but that large values to produce measurable effects. This explains the concordance of our previous results with Catterall’s and also provides evidence for non-universal behavior in the random surface model.
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QI, Y. W. "DYNAMICS AND UNIVERSALITY OF AN ISOTHERMAL COMBUSTION PROBLEM IN 2D." Reviews in Mathematical Physics 18, no. 03 (April 2006): 285–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129055x06002681.
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In this paper, the Cauchy problem of the system [Formula: see text] is studied, where x ∈ R2, m ≥ 1 and d > 0 is the Lewis number. This system models isothermal combustion (see [7]), and auto-catalytic chemical reaction. We show the global existence and regularity of solutions with non-negative initial values having mild decay as |x| → ∞. More importantly, we establish the exact spatio-temporal profiles for such solutions. In particular, we prove that for m = 1, the exact large time behavior of solutions is characterized by a universal, non-Gaussian spatio-temporal profile, with anomalous exponents, due to the fact that quadratic nonlinearity is critical in 2D. Our approach is a combination of iteration using Renormalization Group method, which has been developed into a very powerful tool in the study of nonlinear PDEs largely by the pioneering works of Bricmont, Kupiainen and Lin [6], Bricmont, Kupiainen and Xin, [7], (see also [9]) and key estimates using the PDE method.
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Stolovitzky, G., P. Kailasnath, and K. R. Sreenivasan. "Refined similarity hypotheses for passive scalars mixed by turbulence." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 297 (August 25, 1995): 275–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112095003090.
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In analogy with Kolmogorov's refined similarity hypotheses for the velocity field, two hypotheses are stated for passive scalar fields mixed by high-Reynolds-number turbulence. A ‘refined’ Yaglom equation is derived under the new assumption of local isotropy in pure ensembles, which is stronger than the usual assumption of local isotropy but weaker than the isotropy of the large scale. The new theoretical result is shown to be consistent with the hypotheses of refined similarity for passive scalars. These hypotheses are approximately verified by experimental data on temperature fluctuations obtained (in air) at moderate Reynolds numbers in the wake of a heated cylinder. The fact that the refined similarity hypotheses are stated for high Reynolds (and Péclet) numbers, but verified at moderate Reynolds (and Péclet) numbers suggests that these hypotheses are not sufficiently sensitive tests of universality. It is conjectured that possible departures from universality are hidden by the process of taking conditional expectations.
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Mehtić, Halil. "Interpretation of Fatiha and its meaning in prayer." Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), no. 1 (December 15, 2003): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2003.9.
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El-Fatiha is considered to be the most chosen sura in Islam. The very fact that it is inevitably recited at any prayer and at any rak’a shows its significance and universality. The most beautiful form of gratitude to the Lord of worlds is expressed in it. Reciting it in a modest manner, we call our Creator with his Beautiful Names: Allāh, Rabb, Rahmān, Rahīm and Mālik. In fact, it is the most comprehensive form of a dialogue with Allah Almighty. It is a core of Qur’an and basis of Islamic learning. It is a divine appeal to people to unify their hearts and concentrate their aspirations towards one goal - honest devotion to Allah Almighty.
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Seong, Haeyoung. "The Basis for Coexistence Found from within: The Mystic Universality and Ethicality of Donghak (東學, Eastern Learning)." Religions 11, no. 5 (May 23, 2020): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11050265.
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The rush of Western civilization, headed by Christianity, caused a considerable identity crisis in the 19th century Joseon dynasty. The founder of Donghak 東學, Suun Choe Je-u 水雲 崔濟愚, sought a way out of the crisis through religion. Suun contended that the religions of both east and west are grounded in the same Way of Heaven, and that it can be ascertained through an experience of mystical union induced by chanting a 21-character incantation. He also emphasized the importance of practicing this Way of Heaven in real life. According to him, the Western invasion is an act of selfishness, and goes against the Heavenly Way. The Heavenly Way is considered a foundation that enables communication and coexistence in a religiously diverse society. Despite the fact that his belief in the universality of the Heavenly Way is based on a personal experience—which is problematic to all mysticisms—Donghak provided a powerful discourse to deal with a variety of challenges of his time. In this age of religious pluralism, Suun’s universalism is significant in exploring the intellectual and spiritual foundation of the modern pluralistic thoughts of Korea.
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Yatsenko, Olena. "UNIVERSALITY OF CULTURE AT CHALLENGES OF MODERN ISSUE: EDUCATIONAL ASPECTS." Educational Discourse: collection of scientific papers, no. 8(9-10) (September 30, 2018): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.33930/ed.2018.5007.8(9-10)-4.
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Philosophy as the principle of intellectual "capture" of organic cultural unity, its reflection, provides the necessary categorical and methodological apparatus for a discursive analysis of the current state of culture, the place in it of an individual, the possibility of searching for its further explications of self-expansion. The need for this referential analysis of the content-ideological foundations of culture is perhaps the most urgent task for modern humanities. Developed, for example, by Jurgen Habermas and Karl- Otto Apel of the concept of discursive ethics undeniably postulates the fact that in the event of the impossibility of organizing a new type of social life based on another type of civic consciousness and other principles of interpersonal communication, humanity generally risks ending its existence. It is recognized that world culture is in a state of crisis for a long time. There were no trends indicating a certain positive dynamics of its transformation. Therefore, the necessity follows the conclusion - culture as a product of the creative specific human way of developing the world needs "help" from its conscious carrier.
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Abdulla, Ugur G., Rashad U. Abdulla, Muhammad U. Abdulla, and Naveed H. Iqbal. "Second Minimal Orbits, Sharkovski Ordering and Universality in Chaos." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 27, no. 05 (May 2017): 1730018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021812741730018x.
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This paper introduces the notion of second minimal [Formula: see text]-periodic orbits of continuous maps on the interval according to whether [Formula: see text] is a successor of the minimal period of the map in the Sharkovski ordering. We pursue the classification of second minimal [Formula: see text]-orbits in terms of cyclic permutations and digraphs. It is proven that there are nine types of second minimal 7-orbits with accuracy up to inverses. The result is applied to the problem of the distribution of periodic windows within the chaotic regime of the bifurcation diagram of the one-parameter family of unimodal maps. It is revealed that by fixing the maximum number of appearances of periodic windows, there is a universal pattern of distribution. In particular, the first appearance of all the orbits is always a minimal orbit, while the second appearance is a second minimal orbit. It is observed that the second appearance of the 7-orbit is a second minimal 7-orbit with a Type 1 digraph. The reason for the relevance of the Type 1 second minimal orbit is the fact that the topological structure of the unimodal map with a single maximum, is equivalent to the structure of the Type 1 piecewise monotonic endomorphism associated with the second minimal 7-orbit. Yet another important report of this paper is the revelation of universal pattern dynamics with respect to an increased number of appearances.
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Healy, Lynne M. "Universalism and cultural relativism in social work ethics." International Social Work 50, no. 1 (January 2007): 11–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020872807071479.
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English Given globalization and increasing multiculturalism, growing numbers of social workers face the challenges of respecting culture while upholding professional ethics. This article examines the perspectives of universalism and cultural relativism as applied to ethical decision-making in social work. A moderately universalist stance is recommended for social work, as valuing both diversity and human rights. French Face à la mondialisation et à l'augmentation du multiculturalisme, un nombre croissant de travailleurs sociaux font face à des défis dans un contexte qui demande de tenir compte à la fois du respect culturel et de l'éthique professionnelle. Cet article examine l'application de prises de décisions éthiques dans des perspectives universalistes et de relativisme culturel en travail social. Une position universaliste modérée est recommandée pour le travail social, valorisant à la fois la diversité culturelle et les droits humains. Spanish Dada la globalización y el multiculturalismo creciente, los trabajadores sociales se encuentran con el reto de respetar tanto la cultura como la ética profesional. Se examina la aplicación de las perspectivas universalistas y del relativismo cultural al proceso de decisión ética en trabajo social. Se recomienda una postura universalista moderada que respete tanto la diversidad como los derechos humanos.
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WEXLER, CARLOS, CINTIA M. LAPILLI, and PETER PFEIFER. "AN EXTENDED CONCEPT OF UNIVERSALITY IN A STATISTICAL MECHANICS MODEL." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 30n31 (December 20, 2006): 5272–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206036363.
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Nature uses phase transitions as powerful regulators of processes ranging from climate to the alteration of phase behavior of cell membranes, building on the fact that thermodynamic properties of a solid, liquid, or gas are sensitive fingerprints of intermolecular interactions. The only known exceptions from this sensitivity are critical points, where two phases become indistinguishable and thermodynamic properties exhibit universal behavior: systems with widely different intermolecular interactions behave identically. Here we report a new, stronger form of universality, in which different members of a family of two-dimensional systems—the discrete p-state clock model—behave identically both near and away from critical points, if the temperature exceeds a value Teu ('extended universality). We show that all thermal averages are identical to those of the continuous planar rotor model (p = ∞) above Teu, that phase transitions above Teu are identical to the Berezinskii-Kosterlita-Thouless (BKT) transition, and that transitions below Teu are distinctly non-BKT. The results generate a comprehensive map of the three phases of the model and, by virtue of the discrete rotors behaving like continuous rotors, an emergent symmetry, not present in the Hamiltonian. This symmetry, or many-to-one map of intermolecular interactions onto thermodynamic states, demonstrates previously unknown limits for macroscopic distinguishability of different microscopic interactions.
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Syarif, Andi Rachmawati, and Nursidah Nursidah. "The Semiotics of Humiliation." IDEAS: Journal on English Language Teaching and Learning, Linguistics and Literature 8, no. 2 (December 10, 2020): 623–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24256/ideas.v8i2.1569.
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Being almost inseparable from human being, ‘Humiliation’ and ‘dignity’ must be considered as much more universal substance. Its counterpart must be regarded as having the same level of universality. However, is the fact that the form of both ‘dignity’ and ‘humiliation’ differ so much around the world, that the two terms probably represent the best argument for that there are big differences between cultures and nations. Since the experience of humiliation does not necessary result in an immediate feeling of being humiliated. Thus one of the core challenges is to find the solution of how ‘humiliation’ on the one hand represents something universal and on the other hand is the best argument for non-universality in the world. In this sense, the essay seems to be much easier to say something about the cause for humiliation instead of its effect on the victim. Yet, this essay attempts to point out how these terms might be understood in attempt at making them meaningful in itself and fruitful for empirical investigation.
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Iliadi, Alexander I. "MEANINGS ‘BOWL’ AND ‘SKULL’ IN THE MIRROR OF COMPARATIVE SEMANTICS: THE PROBLEM OF HISTORICAL PRAGMATICS AND ARCHAIZING TRANSLATION." Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2022, no. 35 (August 2022): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2022-35-1.
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The article is devoted to the consideration of the semantic relations between Indo-European words for designation of the cup and the head, skull, which hypothetically could form a cultural sign complex, that drawns to universality. The results of the study allow to make some conclusions. 1. Semantic pattern ‘bowl, cup’ → ‘skull, head’ reveals signs of universality, being inherent in lexico-semantic systems of many languages. This is due to typological common processes into vocabulary of analyzed languages. Everywhere this semantic development proceeds at about the same scheme, including allusions, ideophonia and reliance on cultural background. 2. Semantic shift ‘skull’ → ‘bowl, cup’ really is not attested in known us data. Available for study examples in fact show a play on words, used by the authors of texts, or ritually determined rethinking of semantic relations in the opposite direction. 3. Linguistic data is different from conclusions of archeologists, whose investigations confirm wide usage of bowls made of human skulls. Therefore further researches in the field of etymology can give researchers linguistic evidences of skulls usage as bowls in antiquity.
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Solikhudin, Muhammad, and Moh Zainullah. "The Formulation of Good Governance Fiqh for Indonesia as a Welfare State." Al-Qisthu: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-Ilmu Hukum 20, no. 2 (December 20, 2022): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32694/qst.v20i2.1718.
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This study departs from the fact that fiqh, which is the religious guideline for Muslims, does not yet contain specific formulations of good governance that are relevant and increasingly needed in today's state life, especially for Indonesian moslem. This study is intended to identify the principles of good governance and formulate them by looking at their relevance to Indonesia in the context of the welfare state. For that purpose, this study uses the documentation method by collecting and interpreting qualitative data from fiqh books, the 1945 Constitution, and relevant laws and regulations in Indonesia. This study shows that in fiqh books that contain discussions or allude to citizenship and state administration, there are principles of deliberation, justice, welfare, and mutual benefit. These principles can be formulated as good governance fiqh that is relevant to Indonesia which contains the principles of legal certainty, legal urgency, and legal universality. Legal certainty includes accountability and justice. The legal urgency includes aspects of transparency and professionalism. While the universality aspect of law is in the form of guaranteeing general welfare and mutual benefit.
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Da Pos, Osvaldo, and Liliana Albertazzi. "It Is in the Nature of the Colours." Seeing and Perceiving 23, no. 1 (2010): 39–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187847509x12605137947466.
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AbstractThis study corroborates the view that perceptual categorization does not require linguistic categories, and simple tasks like ordering colours on the basis of their similarities evince well-structured perceptual categories, defined relatively to visual perception and independently from experience, language and higher-level cognition. The independence of these categories from experience, language, and higher-level cognition would be an argument for their naturalness, and hence for their universality, and for their role in shaping language itself. On the other hand, the influence of language on colour perception would come about by facilitating perception-controlled behaviours. The ordering procedure which rests on perceptual similarity yields a colour system in which perceptual categories are implicit and yet clear and stable. In fact, it shows that whatever speakers in whatever language community share the same experience of colour. The arguments presented favour the 'universalist' thesis and are important in regard to both the research methodology and interpretation of the experimental data. The study's distinctive features are the interdisciplinary nature of its approach, the gestaltist theoretical and methodological conception adopted, and the concept of the naturalness of colour advanced and discussed.
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NOJIRI, S., O. OBREGON, S. D. ODINTSOV, H. QUEVEDO, and M. P. RYAN. "QUANTUM BOUNDS FOR GRAVITATIONAL DE SITTER ENTROPY AND THE CARDY–VERLINDE FORMULA." Modern Physics Letters A 16, no. 18 (June 14, 2001): 1181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732301004418.
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We analyze different types of quantum corrections to the Cardy–Verlinde entropy formula in a Friedmann–Robertson–Walker universe and in an (anti)-de Sitter space. In all cases we show that quantum corrections can be represented by an effective cosmological constant which is then used to redefine the parameters entering the Cardy–Verlinde formula so that it becomes valid also with quantum corrections, a fact that we interpret as a further indication of its universality. A proposed relation between Cardy–Verlinde formula and the ADM Hamiltonian constraint is given.
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MacMillan, C. Michael. "Social versus Political Rights." Canadian Journal of Political Science 19, no. 2 (June 1986): 283–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423900054020.
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AbstractIn the past century, the notion of human rights has expanded significantly to include a variety of social rights. The introduction of this new category of human rights inspired a lively debate concerning the authenticity of such claims, focussing particularly on the ways in which social rights differ from political rights. This article examines the major points at issue in the debate. The important differences emphasized to date are those relating to costs, universality, and the correlativity of rights and duties. In each of these major areas of dispute, analysis indicates that the allegedly fundamental distinctions between social and political rights are in fact differences of degree, not of kind and, in fact, social rights conform both to the broad logic and the established practice of human rights.
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Kelmaganbetova, A. S., Zh М. Omasheva, Z. S. Sovetova, and M. Luchik. "Symbolism of the number “four” in English and Kazakh Languages." Bulletin of the Karaganda university Philology series 110, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2023ph2/89-96.
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The article considers the comparative study of the symbolism of English and Kazakh stable combinations, as well as proverbs and sayings with the numerical component “four”. The study revealed both similarities and differences in the symbolism of the number “four” in English and Kazakh languages, which is explained by the universality of the character of the symbols on the one hand and the fact that there is an ethnocultural specificity in the connotative meaning, which is reflected in the culture and language of the people. The universality of the symbolization of numbers is determined by the anthropocentric worldview and the universalsystem of human development, as well as the desire of a person to explain the structure of the world through the sacred power of numbers. At the end of the article the authors came to conclusion that the numerals with the component four as part of stable combinations in English and Kazakh Languages acquire a symbolic meaning. Stable combinations with the numeral component characterize various aspects of human life: its external qualities and internal properties, behavior, relationships with other people, as well as ideas related to the quantitative and spatial development of the world and the universe.
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Alejo, Miguel A. "Dynamics of breathers in the Gardner hierarchy: universality of the variational characterization." Proyecciones (Antofagasta) 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2023): 833–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22199/issn.0717-6279-5354.
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We present a new variational characterization of breather solutions of any equation of the focusing Gardner hierarchy. This hierarchy is characterized by a nonnegative index n, and 2n + 1 represents the order of the corresponding PDE member. In this paper, we first show the existence of such breathers, and that they are solutions of the (2n+1)th-order Gardner equation. Then we prove a variational universality property, in the sense that all these breather solutions satisfy the same fourth order stationary elliptic ODE, regardless the order of the hierarchy member. This fact also characterizes them as critical points of the same Lyapunov functional, that we also construct here. As by product of our approach, we find breather solutions of the hierarchy of (2n+1)th-order mKdV equations, as well as a respective characterization of them as solutions of a fourth order stationary elliptic ODE. We also extend part of these results to the periodic setting, presenting new breather solutions for the 5th and 7th mKdV members of the hierarchy. Finally, we prove ill-posedness results for the whole Gardner hierarchy, by using appropiately their breather solutions.
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XUE, YAN-JIE, and XIANG-PING WU. "REEXAMINING THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE BURKERT PROFILE ON CLUSTER SCALES: DARK MATTER CORES." International Journal of Modern Physics D 10, no. 02 (April 2001): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271801000792.
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The Burkert profile is a competing candidate for the analytic approximation of virialized dark halos especially when dark matter particles have a finite cross-section for elastic collisions. In this paper we reexamine its universality in massive systems, using an ensemble of 45 nearby X-ray clusters and 20 distant X-ray/lensing clusters. Despite the fact that this empirical profile turns out a great success on galactic scales and also reproduces approximately the X-ray observed surface brightness profiles of clusters, the dark matter cores of clusters predicted by the Burkert profile are too large to be reconciled with the strong gravitational lensing measurements. Specifically, the typical dark halo cores of clusters represented by the Burkert profile are about 0.2 Mpc, and only a small fraction (~1/4) of clusters can have compact cores smaller than 0.1 Mpc. This will constitute a critical challenge to the Burkert profile as a universal dark matter density law over entire mass ranges.
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Urusova, Inga Kazbekovna. "Features and specifics of the formation of cadets ' readiness for interaction in the multicultural environment of the region." KANT Social Sciences & Humanities 8, no. 4 (October 2021): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2305-8757.2021-8.10.
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The article presents the peculiarities and specifics of the formation of cadets' readiness for interaction in multicultural environment of the region. Theoretical and methodological approaches to the mentioned problem are analyzed. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that in our changing world of the 21st century, cadets face a new problem of communication in multicultural environment. The aim of the work is to develop the skills of communication and cooperation with people of different nationalities, races and religions in an international and multicultural environment, strengthening mutual understanding and promoting peace and respect in society. The analysis of the topic carried out in this article allows us to define the learning environment of Russian cadets as a transnational society at the stage of educational development. The introduction of multicultural knowledge in the textbook is based on an analysis of the universality and uniqueness of society. It is a special part of interpersonal communication training.
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BISHAI, LINDA S. "Leaving Nuremberg: America’s love/hate relationship with international law." Review of International Studies 34, no. 3 (July 2008): 425–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210508008103.
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AbstractThe official US attitude towards the prosecution of crimes against humanity and war crimes changed dramatically from the universality of Nuremberg to the exceptionalism of the Rome Treaty negotiation. This article argues that the history of US legal thinking indicates that both stances are the result of a conceptual battle between legal realism and legal idealism – strains of international legal thought that pose a battle of opposites which is never fully resolved into a coherent approach. Although Nuremberg would seem to illustrate the idealist extreme and the abstention from Rome the realist one, in fact both stances were the culmination of intense negotiation and argumentation between the two strains of thought.
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Connor, Steven. "The Matter of Beckett's Facts." Journal of Beckett Studies 28, no. 1 (April 2019): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/jobs.2019.0250.
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An important part of Beckett's engagement with the matter-of-factness of modern everyday life is the literal concern in his writing with matters of fact. The collection and exchange of atomised facts has become part of the ordinary texture of social life, in modern societies in which facts are both abundantly available and provide everyday discourse with calming lubrication. It is clear from Beckett's notebooks that he had an Autolycean appetite for striking trifles of knowledge. The essay discusses examples of natural knowledge and medical fact in Beckett's writing, along with the names which erupt with juddering specificity into the generalised, frequentative world of repeated actions and nameless entities. The essay argues that, if facts provide meditative consolation, they can also enact something of the aggressive-defensive dissolution of connections identified in W.R. Bion's concept of ‘attacks on linking’. Where for Roland Barthes, arbitrary facts enact a reality effect, giving a legitimating and luxurious kind of surplus to the act of signification, facts in Beckett evoke the capacity of unintelligible ordinariness to interrupt the play of meaning-making. The essay concludes that matters of fact in Beckett are therefore at once mundane and exotic, signalling the insignificant universality of facticity.
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Artemenko, D. A., and A. V. Vorobyova. "FINANCIAL RISKS IN THE SYSTEM OF MANAGEMENT OF INTANGIBLE ASSETS OF COMPANIES." Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, no. 3 (September 30, 2017): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2017-3-4-8.
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In conditions of growing competition, the importance of intangible assets to Russian companies is justified by necessity of regular improvement of risk management techniques associated with the management of IA and punishable by financial and information losses. In today’s dynamically changing economic situation in the country increases the degree of importance of the study of the effect of those risks on the value of intangible assets of the company, and identifying ways to protect against these risks. Timely identification of risks affecting the value of intangible assets allows to avoid financial losses and reduce costs to cover the consequences of these risks. Such consequences are the factor of universality of risks that are probabilistic. The universality of risk is manifested in the fact that they are not the random result of a conscious activity, a necessary condition for the existence of any company. Hence the structure of the risk management system is an indispensable necessity for effective activity of any enterprise. This is justified by the systematic risk and is considered as a property characteristic of all types of economic activity of enterprises. The diversity of forms and ways of manifestation of the risks as well as the variety of methods of assessment is determined by the absence of systematic approaches to risk management.
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Iñiguez, I. Cuevas, M. D. C. Molina Lietor, and I. Moreno Alonso. "Culture and personality disorders-a case series." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S679. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1801.
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IntroductionPersonality disorders comprise a set of diagnosis characterized by inflexible, pervasive and enduring patterns of cognition, affect, behavioural and social interaction. The status of research on the personality among different cultures implies the universality of traits and disorders, as well as, their measuresacross cultures.ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of personality disorders in foreigner patients.MethodsIn this retrospective case series, clinicaldata was collected from 40 patients who were hospitalized at the short-stay inpatient psychiatric service of the Príncipe de Asturias University Hospital during 2018.ResultsNineteen (47.5%) patients were European, ten (25%) were from South America, nine (22.5%) were Africanand two (5%) were Asian. Eight patients were diagnosed of diverse personality disorders. Seven (87.5%) of them were European, and only one (12.5%) was from South America.ConclusionsThis case series suggests various directions for future research. The fact that patients diagnosed with personalitydisorders were mainly European could indicate diverse conclusions. It would question the universality of personality disorders out of a Euro-american frame of reference. It would also point out the difficulty of diagnosing personality disorders, taking into consideration language, awareness of cultural values,traditions, interactional patterns, and social norms. More studies of traits and personality are needed, taking into account the culture and the society in which patients have grown and in which they currently live.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Saw, E. W., P. Debue, D. Kuzzay, F. Daviaud, and B. Dubrulle. "On the universality of anomalous scaling exponents of structure functions in turbulent flows." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 837 (January 5, 2018): 657–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.848.
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All previous experiments in open turbulent flows (e.g. downstream of grids, jets and the atmospheric boundary layer) have produced quantitatively consistent values for the scaling exponents of velocity structure functions (Anselmet et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 140, 1984, pp. 63–89; Stolovitzky et al., Phys. Rev. E, vol. 48 (5), 1993, R3217; Arneodo et al., Europhys. Lett., vol. 34 (6), 1996, p. 411). The only measurement of scaling exponents at high order (${>}6$) in closed turbulent flow (von Kármán swirling flow) using Taylor’s frozen flow hypothesis, however, produced scaling exponents that are significantly smaller, suggesting that the universality of these exponents is broken with respect to change of large scale geometry of the flow. Here, we report measurements of longitudinal structure functions of velocity in a von Kármán set-up without the use of the Taylor hypothesis. The measurements are made using stereo particle image velocimetry at four different ranges of spatial scales, in order to observe a combined inertial subrange spanning approximately one and a half orders of magnitude. We found scaling exponents (up to ninth order) that are consistent with values from open turbulent flows, suggesting that they might be in fact universal.
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Pintilei, Nicoleta-Aura. "Social impact of extracurricular activities in terms of the universality of the benefits involved." Moldoscopie, no. 2(93) (November 2021): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52388/1812-2566.2021.2(93).12.
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In the field of educational management, extracurricular activities play a very important role. In most schools, pupils come from different backgrounds and in the academic environment they form a new, special community. And extra-curricular activities help the pupils to integrate into the team more easily. Creating specific skills in those activities, especially coping quickly with potential challenges, is important for pupils who feel more relaxed in such an informal environment than during class. And the high possibility of diversification that extracurricular activities entails has increased potential to bring benefits throughout the lives of current pupils. The topicality of the research derives from the fact that high school pupils must be prepared to direct their own learning and development, and extracurricular activities contribute significantly to this process. Based on this reality, the author aimed to elucidate the essence of extracurricular activities and analyze the benefits that their practice brings to the students involved, from a short and long-term perspective
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Bagno, Vsevolod Evgenyevich. "Dostoevsky: A Step into the Third Century (Observing the Inside as Observed from the Outside)." Russkaya literatura 3 (2021): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2021-3-5-11.
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An international language of interethnic communication emerges from Dostoevsky’s novels published in translations. The signifi cance of the pronouncements by various foreign cultural fi gures concerning the Russian writer is determined by the fact that today they shape the public opinion of tomorrow. They focus on Dostoevsky’s relevance for modern life, the universality and accessibility of his work for various periods and cultures. The multifaceted human nature, as refl ected in the works by Dostoevsky, is particularly obvious in the fact that various cultural fi gures see the writer’s various protagonists as the most compatible ones with the spirit of our time. The stage directors’ and moviemakers’ creative dialogue with Dostoevsky does not negate the fact that the value of his own „mes-sage“ is much greater than the aesthetic impact of the works of art he has inspired. The „dispute“ about Tolstoy and Dostoevsky has not been ignored either. According to the art activists of today, Dostoevsky novels help to shape the picture of Russia and the Russian folk. At the same time, though, they offer a true and profound picture of humanity and human nature in general.
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ABDULLAEV, ELSHAN. "OPPORTUNITIES FOR MUTUAL ASSIMILATION OF LABOR LAW REGULATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE UAE IN CONDITIONS OF ACTIVATION OF MIGRATION FLOWS." Lobbying in the Legislative Process 2, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2782-7372-2023-2-1-22-28.
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The article deals with the problem associated with the development of bilateral relations between countries on the issues of ensuring the rights of labor migrants, analyzes the possibilities of mutual assimilation of labor law norms of the Russian Federation and the UAE in the context of increased migration flows. This topic is relevant in the light of the fact that the existing conventional mechanism of labor law is not able to provide the principle of universality in the regulation of labor relations, and therefore other approaches are needed to solve the problems of international labor law, which is especially important in the context of expanding migration flows. The problem that has arisen is due to the fact that modern international law is based on a system of international conventions, which demonstrates its inability to create universal legal norms suitable for effective interaction between countries in the field of labor migration. The lack of universality forces countries to look for other mechanisms of legal interaction in the field of labor relations, using, in particular, the possibilities of bilateral legal cooperation, one of which is the mutual assimilation of labor law norms. The article determines that the modern civilizational situation leads to the collapse of the system of international law, to an understanding of the need to form legal systems that meet the needs of each individual state. On these grounds, conditions arise for the development of two polar legal paradigms, where one of the lines of the “split” is the labor law issue, which becomes one of the elements in creating a political consensus between Russia and the UAE. The article shows the unity of the positions of Russia and the UAE on this issue, points out the need to assimilate the labor law norms of the Russian Federation and the UAE, considering the increase in the flow of labor migrants.
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Kay, J. "The Map Is Not the Territory: An Essay on the State of Economics." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 5 (May 20, 2012): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2012-5-4-13.
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The article claims that modern economics is in the state of crisis, because the major macroeconomic theories are in fact based on the concept of rational expectations, and the main method of research is considered to be the model-building with models as "artificial worlds". Therefore it is supposed that the agents expectations are consistent with a theoretical model. Such constructs are often based on aprioristic assumptions and only after the model is built are they confronted with reality. The author defends an alternative view of science which is methodologically more pluralist and sees deductive model-building in need of being supplemented by other methods of inquiry suggesting that economic science abandons claims for universality of its conclusions.
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Christodoulou, G. N. "The Delusional Misidentification Syndromes." British Journal of Psychiatry 159, S14 (November 1991): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000296517.
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The basic concept characterising the delusional misidentification syndromes (DMS), particularly the Capgras variety, is the concept of double, or its equivalents. It seems that this concept is prominent in all cultures and this explains the amazing universality of these delusions. Cases of DMS have been reported in practically all parts of the world. In fact, most patients actually mention the word double (or σωσιας, sosie etc.) or refer to transformations (metamorphose, μεταμoρΦωσεις and the like). The preoccupation, and even enchantment, of man with the notion of doubles from time immemorial in all cultures, as reflected in the myths, traditions, literature, beliefs and metaphysical motions, has been dealt with extensively elsewhere (Christodoulou, 1986a).
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Zarębianka, Zofia. "Karl Jaspers i Jan Paweł II o idei uniwersytetu." Roczniki Humanistyczne 68, no. 1 Zeszyt specjalny (2020): 439–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/rh.2068s-29.
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This article is an attempt at synthetically juxtaposing those common threads of reflection on the university and its essence which are present in the works of both Karl Jaspers and Pope John Paul II. What is striking is the similarity of the problem of the university and the understanding of its very essence by both thinkers, regardless of the different eras in which they formulated their opinions and the differences in their philosophical positions. According to both thinkers, whether the idea of the university is implemented or not is connected to its approach to questions of truth, the universality of science, the formational role of the university, the vocation and ethos of the scholar, and the internal system of the university itself. Worthy of particular attention is the responsibility of scholars, their selflessness in the search for truth, and their duty to mould the humanity of those students who are entrusted into their care. In each of these areas there is a far-reaching convergence of positions, each developed independently and in different historical contexts. This fact can be interpreted in two ways: firstly, it shows the topicality of the problems facing universities, and secondly, it shows the universality of Karol Wojtyła’s thinking, who, in his deliberations, goes beyond specific religious aspects and addresses his message as a general humanistic message to all of those who constitute a university.
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Megill, Allan. "“Big History” Old and New: Presuppositions, Limits, Alternatives." Journal of the Philosophy of History 9, no. 2 (August 14, 2015): 306–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18722636-12341305.
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In recent years David Christian and others have promoted “Big History” as an innovative approach to the study of the past. The present paper juxtaposes to Big History an old Big History, namely, the tradition of “universal history” that flourished in Europe from the mid-sixteenth century until well into the nineteenth century. The claim to universality of works in that tradition depended on the assumed truth of Christianity, a fact that was fully acknowledged by the tradition’s adherents. The claim of the new Big History to universality likewise depends on prior assumptions. Simply stated, in its various manifestations the “new” Big History is rooted either in a continuing theology, or in a form of materialism that is assumed to be determinative of human history, or in a somewhat contradictory amalgam of the two. The present paper suggests that “largest-scale history” as exemplified in the old and new Big Histories is less a contribution to historical knowledge than it is a narrativization of one or another worldview. Distinguishing between largest-scale history and history that is “merely” large-scale, the paper also suggests that a better approach to meeting the desire for large scale in historical writing is through more modest endeavors, such as large-scale comparative history, network and exchange history, thematic history, and history of modernization.