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Journal articles on the topic 'Universal Healthcare Coverage'
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Osoro, Alfred A., Edwine B. Atitwa, and John K. Moturi. "Universal Health Coverage." World Journal of Social Science Research 7, no. 4 (September 18, 2020): p14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjssr.v7n4p14.
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Universal Health Coverage has attracted global attention as an ideal vehicle that will drive health care services to the individuals, families, and communities globally. Good health systems are capable of serving the needs of entire populations, including the availability of infrastructure, human resources, health technologies, and medicines. This study seeks to identify the barriers and challenges which have hindered the provision of basic health care to communities and suggest ways of addressing some of them. Literature search reviewed 40 materials which were more relevant. Results revealed that there have been disparities in the provision of healthcare. Challenges in service provision include; lack of political commitment, weak health system resulting from limited financial allocation and poor leadership, lack of adequate number of skilled human resources, equipment and supplies and poor infrastructures. For UHC to be successful, an effective and well-functioning Primary Health Care (PHC) system is essential. Thus health systems can be strengthened through financial allocation; training of skilled and well-motivated healthcare workers. Also provision of right equipment and supplies, equity in resource distribution, improvement of infrastructures to meet the needs of the people is fundamental.
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Jaiswal, Nishant. "Harmonizing Healthcare Accreditation Standards with WHO's Universal Health Coverage Goals." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, no. 6 (June 5, 2024): 1054–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr24613220037.
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Ruth Owino. "Towards Universal Health Coverage." Kabarak Journal of Research & Innovation 11, no. 3 (December 26, 2021): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.58216/kjri.v11i3.78.
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This paper explores the universal health coverage (UHC) in Kenya through the lens of its potential to progressively realize the constitutional promise of the right to the highest attainable standard of health. The health sector in Kenya has experienced tremendous changes since the government piloted the UHC program in four counties that led to the abolition of all fees, more than 200 community health units launched, 7700 community health volunteers with over 700 health workers recruited (MOH, 2020). Still, the government is in the process of scaling up UHC, reforming the national hospital insurance fund (NHIF) to establish a mandatory universal health coverage scheme. This paper sought to examine the framing of UHC; assess the healthcare system between 2017 -2020; investigate the challenges faced in the implementation of UHC in Kenya. The researcher utilized documents analysis to collect the relevant data using a coding schedule. A purposive search was undertaken to identify key policy documents and relevant documents. 18 documents were sampled. The findings reveal that Kenya’s healthcare facilities index stands at 59%, with a density of 2.2 per 10,000 population, the workforce density is at 15.6/10,000. Four counties including Tharaka Nithi (33.8), Nyeri (31.0), Uasin Gishu (28.2), and Nairobi (26.3) have achieved well above the WHO target. Several strategies and programs such as Afya Care, abolished maternity fees for mothers delivering at public facilities, and expansion of the National Health Insurance Fund, has been initiated to drive the UHC agenda. The Ministry of Health’s (MoH) budget also continues to rise, in 2018/19 the MoH received its largest allocation. Kenya, now more than ever, has an opportunity to accelerate progress towards equitable access to healthcare.
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Wankasi, Helen Idubamo. "COVID-19 Pandemic: An Inhibitor of Universal Health Coverage Programme: A ViewPoint." African Journal of Health, Nursing and Midwifery 4, no. 5 (July 27, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajhnm-p2ax15ul.
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Ever since the re-emergence of Covid-19 as a pandemic, healthcare facilities (human and materials) have been overstressed, evidenced by the rate at which frontline healthcare workers fall sick and die in the course. In some healthcare institutions, the narrative has changed with regards to the number of days to access physicians for treatment, but selected and booked only on specific days and periods, except in extreme emergencies are able to access physicians un-booked. This is inconsistent with the intent of Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals. This paper, therefore, highlighted the objectives, covering a brief overview of COVID-19 and Universal Health Coverage; identified countries developed (Germany 1883) and emerging (South Africa/Nigeria) that have adopted Universal Health Coverage as well described how COVID-19 stands as an inhibitor to the achievement of Universal Health Coverage. At the tail end, recommendations are made on the way forward on the need for effective governance, manpower sourcing and general strengthening of the healthcare system.
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Muhammad Azam, Imtiaz Ali Soomro, Sobia Naseem Siddiqui, Zainullah, Munawar Shahzad, and Afshan Khalid. "Universal Healthcare: Evaluating the Feasibility and Impact of Implementing Universal Health Coverage Worldwide." Indus Journal of Bioscience Research 3, no. 1 (December 31, 2025): 717–26. https://doi.org/10.70749/ijbr.v3i1.582.
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Universal health coverage, widely considered a basic human right, is a health system that ensures all people have access to necessary medical services without any financial barriers. The global discussion on UHC has gained momentum as countries strive to enhance health outcomes, reduce health inequities, and promote general social well-being. The implementation of UHC across the globe would require careful assessment of some of the major factors, including economic costs, healthcare infrastructure, political commitment, and availability of healthcare professionals. For UHC to work, a holistic approach is necessary-one that deals with various health challenges, integrates existing healthcare systems, and makes sure that services remain affordable and accessible to all populations. There are many examples of successful models of UHC that exist in Sweden, Canada, and Japan, among others. Such models have minimized health disparities, increased access to essential healthcare, and improved the population health outcome. There is still resistance to UHC expansion due to political and resource-related constraints and lack of financial support. More recently, the addition of electronic health records and telemedicine has been seen as an essential enabler to expand healthcare access and improve quality-of-service delivery. Though challenges abound, it is apparent that UHC can be attained with concerted global effort, effective funding mechanisms, and strong political will at national and international levels. UHC in the long run can definitely be a factor to improve the health equity situation of the whole world. On the one hand, it could bridge the rich and poor nations with the service delivery of health without causing the individual financial burdens.
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Mudur, G. "India plans to move towards free universal healthcare coverage." BMJ 343, oct19 2 (October 19, 2011): d6774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.d6774.
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Parry, J. "WHO outlines strategy for universal healthcare coverage for Asia." BMJ 339, sep29 3 (September 29, 2009): b3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.b3989.
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Lindberg, Clara, Tryphena Nareeba, Dan Kajungu, and Atsumi Hirose. "The Extent of Universal Health Coverage for Maternal Health Services in Eastern Uganda: A Cross Sectional Study." Maternal and Child Health Journal 26, no. 3 (December 30, 2021): 632–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10995-021-03357-3.
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Abstract Objective Monitoring essential health services coverage is important to inform resource allocation for the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goal 3. The objective was to assess service, effective and financial coverages of maternal healthcare services and their equity, using health and demographic surveillance site data in eastern Uganda. Methods Between Nov 2018 and Feb 2019, 638 resident women giving birth in 2017 were surveyed. Among them, 386 were randomly sampled in a follow-up survey (Feb 2019) on pregnancy and delivery payments and contents of care. Service coverage (antenatal care visits, skilled birth attendance, institutional delivery and one postnatal visit), effective coverage (antenatal and postnatal care content) and financial coverage (out-of-pocket payments for antenatal and delivery care and health insurance coverage) were measured, stratified by socio-economic status, education level and place of residence. Results Coverage of skilled birth attendance and institutional delivery was both high (88%), while coverage of postnatal visit was low (51%). Effective antenatal care was lower than effective postnatal care (38% vs 76%). Financial coverage was low: 91% of women made out-of-pocket payments for delivery services. Equity analysis showed coverage of institutional delivery was higher for wealthier and peri-urban women and these women made higher out-of-pocket payments. In contrast, coverage of a postnatal visit was higher for rural women and poorest women. Conclusion Maternal health coverage in eastern Uganda is not universal and particularly low for postnatal visit, effective antenatal care and financial coverage. Analysing healthcare payments and quality by healthcare provider sector is potential future research.
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Johnson, Micah, and Abdul El-Sayed. "The Road to Universal Coverage: Where Are We Now?" Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 51, no. 2 (2023): 440–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2023.80.
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NoteThe following was written as a commentary on an article we published in our Spring 2023 issue, “’Comprehensive Healthcare for America’: Using the Insights of Behavioral Economics to Transform the U. S. Healthcare System,” by Paul C. Sorum, Christopher Stein, and Dale L. Moore. This commentary should have appeared alongside that article. We apologize to the authors and our readers for the error.
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Hajizadeh, Mohammad, and Sterling Edmonds. "Universal Pharmacare in Canada: A Prescription for Equity in Healthcare." International Journal of Health Policy and Management 9, no. 3 (October 28, 2019): 91–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15171/ijhpm.2019.93.
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Despite progressive universal drug coverage and pharmaceutical policies found in other countries, Canada remains the only developed nation with a publicly funded healthcare system that does not include universal coverage for prescription drugs. In the absence of a national pharmacare plan, a province may choose to cover a specific sub-population for certain drugs. Although different provinces have individually attempted to extend coverage to certain subpopulations within their jurisdictions, out-of-pocket expenses on drugs and pharmaceutical products (OPEDP) accounts for a large proportion of out-of-pocket health expenses (OPHE) that are catastrophic in nature. Pharmaceutical drug coverage is a major source of public scrutiny among politicians and policy-makers in Canada. In this editorial, we focus on social inequalities in the burden of OPEDP in Canada. Prescription drugs are inconsistently covered under patchworks of public insurance coverage, and this inconsistency represents a major source of inequity of healthcare financing. Residents of certain provinces, rural households and Canadians from poorer households are more likely to be affected by this inequity and suffer disproportionately higher proportions of catastrophic out-of-pocket expenses on drugs and pharmaceutical products (COPEDP). Universal pharmacare would reduce COPEDP and promote a more equitable healthcare system in Canada.
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Onarheim, Kristine Husøy, Andrea Melberg, Benjamin Mason Meier, and Ingrid Miljeteig. "Towards universal health coverage: including undocumented migrants." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 5 (October 2018): e001031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001031.
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As countries throughout the world move towards universal health coverage, the obligation to realise the right to health for undocumented migrants has often been overlooked. With unprecedented millions on the move – including refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons, and returnees – undocumented migrants represent a uniquely vulnerable subgroup, experiencing particular barriers to health related to their background as well as insecure living and working conditions. Their legal status under national law often restricts access to, and affordability of, healthcare services. While striving to ensure health for all, national governments face challenging priority setting dilemmas in deciding: who to include, which services to provide, and how to cover out-of-pocket expenses. Building on comparative experiences in Norway, Thailand and the United States – which reflect varied approaches to achieving universal health coverage – we assess whether these national approaches provide rights-based access to affordable essential healthcare services for undocumented migrants. To meet the shared Sustainable Development Goal on universal health coverage, the right to health must be realised for all persons – including undocumented migrants. To ensure universal health coverage in accordance with the right to health, governments must evaluate laws, regulations, policies and practices to evaluate: whether undocumented migrants are included, to which services they have access, and if these services are affordable. Achieving universal health coverage for everyone will require rights-based support for undocumented migrants.
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Rasool, Shafiqa, and Mohammad Ishaq Geer. "Policy recommendations for sustainable Universal Health Coverage implementation in Jammu and Kashmir: A scoping review." Journal of Integrative Medicine and Public Health 3, no. 2 (July 2024): 106–18. https://doi.org/10.4103/jimph.jimph_30_24.
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Abstract BACKGROUND: Universal Health Coverage (UHC) means that all individuals receive the healthcare services they need without incurring financial hardships. Jammu and Kashmir encounters significant healthcare challenges due to its difficult terrain, occasionally resulting in disruptions in the functionality of the healthcare delivery system. At present, the hospital-centric model is contributing to increased healthcare costs. The greatest challenge to improve healthcare outcomes and achieve UHC lies in the adoption of integrated primary care services. This article presents policy recommendations specific to Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) that are required to develop comprehensive healthcare policy framework and facilitate integration in primary healthcare services. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A scoping review was conducted utilizing the framework established by Arksey and O’Malley (2005), which included six steps: (1) formulating the research question; (2) locating pertinent studies; (3) choosing a study; (4) creating data charts; (5) analyzing and summarizing the data; and (6) conducting a consultation exercise. Data analysis was done using framework analysis. RESULTS: The recommendations span multiple dimensions of UHC, including service coverage, financial coverage, and population coverage. By prioritizing primary care and preventive healthcare measures, J&K can effectively address the rising burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and enhance the health of its people. NOVELTY: This study explores the features of a comprehensive healthcare system that encompasses all the three dimensions of UHC such as financial coverage, service coverage, and population coverage. The integrated healthcare system has the potential to transform the healthcare landscape by promoting holistic and integrated care, personalized medicine, and evidence-based insights for preventive care and disease management. Together, these steps would improve healthcare outcomes, enhance patient experience, reduce cost of care, and increase efficiency and evidence-based decision making.
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Auwal, Al-Mansur Sumayya, Lawal Abdulwahab Oluwatomisin, Tijani Yusuf Olatunji, Adeniji Abdur-Rahman Adekunle, and Ogunleke Praise Oluwatobi. "Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria: Current Challenges and Recommendations." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 44, no. 7 (April 13, 2023): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i71416.
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Health is a fundamental human right upon which all other rights are built. Easy access to needed and affordable healthcare service is essential towards achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The achievement of UHC in middle and low-income countries of Africa such as Nigeria has however continued to pose a mirage, hence the need for a thorough re-evaluation and provision of sustainable solutions.
This article aims at highlighting the current efforts in achieving UHC in Nigeria and the challenges facing its achievement, while proffering recommendations towards solving these challenges.
The Nigerian Government has made considerable efforts in promoting UHC; however a lot still needs to be done. Adequate healthcare financing has been found to be essential towards achieving universal health coverage in Nigeria; hence it is imperative that the Nigerian government and allied agencies continually create effective, achievable and sustainable policies and actions towards financing the healthcare sector, especially at the level of primary healthcare.
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Gulland, A. "Health organisations urge World Bank to support universal healthcare coverage." BMJ 345, oct12 7 (October 12, 2012): e6916-e6916. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e6916.
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Davies, Sharyn Graham, and Najmah. "Im/moral healthcare: HIV and universal health coverage in Indonesia." Sexual and Reproductive Health Matters 28, no. 2 (July 30, 2020): 1785377. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/26410397.2020.1785377.
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Banks, Lena Morgon, Timothy O’Fallon, Shaffa Hameed, Sofoora Kawsar Usman, Sarah Polack, and Hannah Kuper. "Disability and the achievement of Universal Health Coverage in the Maldives." PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 21, 2022): e0278292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278292.
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Objective To assess access to general and disability-related health care among people with disabilities in the Maldives. Methods This study uses data from a case-control study (n = 711) nested within a population-based, nationally representative survey to compare health status and access to general healthcare amongst people with and without disabilities. Cases and controls were matched by gender, location and age. Unmet need for disability-related healthcare is also assessed. Multivariate regression was used for comparisons between people with and without disabilities. Results People with disabilities had poorer levels of health compared to people without disabilities, including poorer self-rated health, increased likelihood of having a chronic condition and of having had a serious health event in the previous 12 months. Although most people with and without disabilities sought care when needed, people with disabilities were much more likely to report difficulties when routinely accessing healthcare services compared to people without disabilities. Additionally, 24% of people with disabilities reported an unmet need for disability-related healthcare, which was highest amongst people with hearing, communication and cognitive difficulties, as well as amongst older adults and people living in the lowest income per capita quartile. Median healthcare spending in the past month was modest for people with and without disabilities. However, people with disabilities appear to have high episodic healthcare costs, such as for disability-related healthcare and when experiencing a serious health event. Conclusions This study found evidence that people with disabilities experience unmet needs for both disability-related and general healthcare. There is therefore evidence that people with disabilities in the Maldives are falling behind in core components relevant to UHC: availability of all services needed, and quality and affordability of healthcare.
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Nanjunda, Devajana Chinnappa. "Universal Health Coverage in India: Where Rubber Hits the Road?" Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 56, no. 04 (June 30, 2020): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713708.
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AbstractPoverty and healthcare issues are the most debatable topics today. Developing countries like India have as much as 45% of its population trapped in poverty because of various urgent healthcare needs. Universal health coverage (UHC) is a unique insurance system to provide financial protection to the marginalized groups of the country. It facilitates appropriate and immediate health needs, including required diagnostic, therapeutic and operational costs. However, UHC, a unique plan which focuses on the disadvantaged sections of the society, has some serious lacunae when it comes to its implementation in real life. This includes finances and human resources. Experts are reallocating adequate budgetary expenditure on healthcare issues, and in the meantime, a shortage of skilled health manpower is hunting down the UHC scheme in India. In recent times, different state governments are increasing budget allocation for the health sector. UHC is targeting low-income and poor families, forgetting the affordable and timely healthcare by way of improving services offered at the primary health centers and rapid expansion of the skilled health manpower across the country. UHC needs to focus on health paradigm systems, including improved healthcare-seeking behavior, nutrition, sanitation, potable water, reducing maternal and infant mortality, and dissemination of information of current technology to provide quality health services to the underserved and marginalized population of the country. These changes would symbolize a real way forward toward the immediate fulfillment of UHC goals for India.
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Korzh, Oleksii. "Evaluating Progress towards Universal Health Coverage in Ukraine." Technium Social Sciences Journal 13 (October 14, 2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v13i1.1825.
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The healthcare system of Ukraine is characterized by low ratings, not only in terms of health outcomes, but also in terms of access to services, where one of the main obstacles is the financial problem, equity and justice, as well as the lack of implementation of measures aimed at positively stimulating the health potential of the population countries. The latest political revolution in Ukraine (2014) once again opened up the possibility of implementing a project of deep modernization of the Ukrainian state. However, at this time, we can witness the birth of an entirely new system of healthcare in Ukraine formed “from scratch”: with new priorities as well as completely new approaches and management principles. The transformation of the health care system began to develop gradually, with a focus on primary health care. Significant progress has been made over the past few years towards a human-centered model for the provision of health services. The process to build the National Health Service has started, which should fundamentally change the funding system by focusing not on beds (as was the case before) but on the principle “money follows the patient,” thereby planning to gradually transfer to insurance medicine.
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Colpitts, David B., and Christian L. Freitag. "Organ Donation and Transplantation in the Canadian Healthcare System." Journal of Transplant Coordination 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/090591999700700204.
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Healthcare in Canada differs significantly from that in the United States. All Canadians have access to healthcare, and all 10 provinces of Canada have universal healthcare insurance plans that cover hospitalization and physician care. Each province administers its own healthcare system financed on an equal basis with the federal government, and each provincial resident is issued a health card that must be presented at hospitals or physicians' offices whenever medical care is requested. Canadian healthcare provides coverage for organ and tissue donation, transplantation, and cyclosporine for life for all transplant recipients. Canadian healthcare encompasses four basic principles: (1) universal coverage, (2) comprehensive coverage, (3) accessible care for all Canadians, and (4) portability of care. Canada has no national organization for organ donation and transplantation. The organ donation rates in Canada have averaged 14.1 donors per million population over the last 5 years, and are unchanged from previous years.
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W. G. Gruessner, Rainer. "How to Implement Universal Healthcare Coverage in the United States: Two Novel Pathways." Journal of Health Care and Research 4, no. 3 (November 4, 2023): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.36502/2023/hcr.6227.
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Universal Health Coverage does not exist in the United States for two reasons: (1) there is a general unwillingness to dismantle the historically grown framework of the world’s most complex mix of public and private sector health coverage, and (2) mere cost considerations. The first concern can be alleviated by establishing a Universal Health Coverage system that retains much of the existing U.S. health infrastructure. The two proposed pathways presented herein comprise either (1) a leveled solution through Medicare expansion for the uninsured only, or (2) a more complex solution through a national, 2-tier healthcare system for all Americans. Both pathways are based on solid financing without major tax increases, utilizing existing and/or yet untapped funding sources. For the sake of forming a more perfect union, as stated in the Constitution, Universal Health Coverage in the United States must no longer be an illusion that continues to haunt our society in the 21st century.
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Yassoub, Rami, Mohamad Alameddine, and Shadi Saleh. "The Path Toward Universal Health Coverage." International Journal of Health Services 47, no. 2 (July 7, 2016): 352–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020731415585990.
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Lebanon is a middle-income country with a market-maximized healthcare system that provides limited social protection for its citizens. Estimates reveal that half of the population lacks sufficient health coverage and resorts to out-of-pocket payments. This study triangulated data from a comprehensive review of health packages of countries similar to Lebanon, the Ministry of Public Health statistics, and services suggested by the World Health Organization for inclusion in a health benefits package (HBP). To determine the acceptability and viability of implementing the HBP, a stakeholder analysis was conducted to identify the knowledge, positions, and available resources for the package. The results revealed that the private health sector, having the most resources, is least in favor of implementing the package, whereas the political and civil society sectors support implementation. The main divergence in opinions among stakeholders was on the abolishment of out-of-pocket payments, mainly attributed to the potential abuse of the HBP’s services by users. The study’s findings encourage health decision makers to capitalize on the current political readiness by proposing the HBP for implementation in the path toward universal health coverage. This requires a consultative process, involving all stakeholders, in devising the strategy and implementation framework of a HBP.
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Musa, Nighat. "Universal Health Coverage; A Way Forward." Journal of Gandhara Medical and Dental Science 9, no. 2 (April 7, 2022): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.37762/jgmds.9-2.318.
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Universal health coverage means every person has access to quality health care without suffering financial hardships. The basis of universal health coverage lies in the primary health care concept, which was envisioned way back in 1978, as mentioned in Alma Ata Declaration1. The "World Health Report" published by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008 structures primary health care reforms in four groups. One of the crucial reforms was universal coverage reform to improve health equity2. WHO and UNICEF in 2018 documented how primary health care will be in the 21st century? The approach was towards universal health coverage and sustainable development goals. Sustainable development goals were to be achieved by 2030, and they were a continuation of millennium development goals 2000–20153. The resolution on Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted the target of universal health coverage by 2030, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential healthcare services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all4. Currently, many developing nations do not have access to health services. About 100 million people are pushed into extreme poverty each year because of out-of-pocket spending on health. To make health for all, we need individuals and communities to have high-quality health services to take care of their families health. Skilled health workers providing quality, people-centred care and policy-makers should be committed to investing in universal health coverage. Universal health coverage should be based on intense, people-centred primary health care. Good health systems are rooted in the communities they serve. They focus not only on preventing and treating disease and illness but also on helping to improve well-being and quality of life5. Pakistan, the developing country, is struggling to provide good quality health services, mostly availed from the out-of-pocket expenditure.
Both private and public sector hospitals were trying to deliver health services, but poor people failed to have access to many services due to poverty. To overcome this obstacle and address indicator 3.8 of SDGs, the current government developed a five-year program to improve the targeted population's health by increasing their access to quality health services. The initiative will also reduce poverty, as the government will cover most of their health budget through the "Sehat Sahulat Program". The program was part of the National vision to ensure Universal Health Coverage (UHC) for all Pakistani families. No one is denied quality healthcare services only because of financial constraints. Initially, it was piloted in selected four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which was later extended to all over the province. Currently, 7.2 million families are getting free in-patient health care services, and the program's annual cost is 18 billion. It was a bold initiative of the current government, which helped improve access to UHC, thus addressing one of the sustainable development goals6,7.
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Jecker, Nancy S., and Albert R. Jonsen. "Healthcare as a Commons." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, no. 2 (1995): 207–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100005909.
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In September 1994, the New York Times carried a front page article declaring healthcare reform dead in Congress. The obituary on healthcare followed a Congressional decision not to pursue the issue further in 1994. Although Congress and the President will likely revisit healthcare reform during 1995, the choices may be between various incremental steps, rather than substantive changes to bring about universal coverage.
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Sivarchaka, Omkarnath, and Himadri Mamgain. "Transforming Lives Through Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (ABPMJAY): A Review." NATIONAL BOARD OF EXAMINATIONS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2, no. 7 (July 8, 2024): 730–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.61770/nbejms.2024.v02.i07.010.
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Background: The Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) program was created in line with the global goal of Universal Health Coverage (UHC), and aims to ensure everyone has access to quality healthcare services without suffering financial difficulties. In India, over 60% of healthcare spending is still borne by households, and a significant portion of the population lacks any form of health protection coverage. Discussion: The High-Level Expert Group (HLEG) recommended a shift from supply-side healthcare financing to demand-side financing, leading to the introduction of government-sponsored health insurance schemes. To achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC), the Ayushman Bharat - Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY) was launched following the recommendations of the National Health Policy 2017. The PMJAY program is the world's largest publicly sponsored social health insurance program, delivering comprehensive healthcare services covering primary, secondary, and tertiary care levels. The scheme covers approximately 12 crore households, including more than 50 crore beneficiaries, offering healthcare coverage of up to Rs. 5 lakh per family annually. PMJAY operates nationwide in India, covering all states and union territories except for a few.. Conclusion: To move forward, PMJAY can play a transformative role in the healthcare landscape, integrate with primary healthcare, contribute to economic development, and expand its scope to include more healthcare services.
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MOROS, DANIEL A., and ROSAMOND RHODES. "Putting Universal Healthcare on the Religious Agenda." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 7, no. 3 (July 1998): 233–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180198703019.
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In modern industrial society the issue of access to healthcare is inseparable from the question of whether there is a right to healthcare and whether government has the correlative duty to assure a minimum level of care to all citizens. While discussion in terms of rights and duties tends to direct our attention to broader, more theoretical ethical issues, discussion in terms of ‘access’ invites consideration of more practical concerns. The news media rarely report in terms of whether a citizen's right to healthcare has been abridged or disregarded, but rather offers tales of people being denied access. Advocacy groups for specific illnesses do not necessarily argue for universal health insurance, but rather press that certain conditions, such as renal failure requiring dialysis, receive unlimited insurance coverage and that people with the condition be given automatic access to care.
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Dahiye, Aden Mohamed, Suleiman Mbaruk, and Joseph Juma Nyamai. "Assessment of the influence of healthcare financing strategies on universal health coverage: a case of Garissa County, Kenya." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 11, no. 11 (October 29, 2024): 4176–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20243271.
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Background: Universal health coverage aims to ensure that all people can use the promotive, preventive, and curative health services they need, while also ensuring that the use of these services does not expose the user to financial hardship. This study aimed to assess the influence of healthcare financing strategies on universal health coverage in Garissa County, Kenya. Methods: The research design for this study was an analytical cross-section study. The study used a mixed research methodology approach where both qualitative and quantitative data were obtained for triangulation purposes. Purposive, systematic, and simple random sampling techniques were employed to recruit study participants in this study. Results: The findings indicated that UHC coverage in Garissa County had been achieved only to a moderate extent. The results indicated that public healthcare financing had a positive and significant influence on UHC coverage in Garissa County (β=0.459; p<0.05). The results indicated that healthcare financing through aid had a positive and significant influence on UHC coverage in Garissa County (β=0.249; p<0.05). The results indicated that private healthcare financing had a negative and not significant influence on UHC coverage in Garissa County (β=-0.092; p>0.05). Conclusions: The results led to the conclusion that public and healthcare aid financing were the most appropriate financing approaches to achieve a notable improvement in UHC coverage in the county. The study also concluded that private health financing had a negative impact on the attainment of UHC.
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Ruth, Jang Byencit, Al-Mansur Umaima, Jimwan Nankam David, Magaji Ajik, Daniel Abi Abigail, and Al-Mansur Sumayya. "Strengthening the Healthcare Workforce for Universal Health Coverage in Nigeria: Lessons and Strategies." International Journal of TROPICAL DISEASE & Health 44, no. 17 (September 19, 2023): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijtdh/2023/v44i171471.
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Background: Achieving Universal Health Coverage (UHC) is a global imperative to ensure equitable access to quality healthcare services for all individuals. A pivotal factor in this endeavor is the strength and capacity of the healthcare workforce. This paper examines the intersection of a robust healthcare workforce and the goals of UHC, with a specific focus on the Nigerian context.
Methods: The paper delves into the strengths and weaknesses of the Nigerian healthcare workforce, analyzing factors such as diversity, distribution, skill utilization, and the prevailing challenges. Insights from global approaches in the paper highlight innovative strategies, including workforce training, collaborative delivery models, and workforce motivation to enhance healthcare accessibility and quality.
Results: The paper addresses contextual nuances such as cultural diversity, geographic challenges, and socioeconomic disparities that shape the Nigerian healthcare landscape. The relevance of tailored solutions that accommodate these nuances is emphasized. The paper underscores the potential impact of a strengthened healthcare workforce on achieving UHC, reducing health disparities, and improving overall health outcomes.
Conclusion: The paper offers policy recommendations tailored to Nigeria's unique circumstances. The conclusion highlights the significance of continual monitoring, research, and evaluation of workforce-centric interventions for sustained progress towards UHC. The findings contribute to the broader discourse on health equity, offering insights into how a capable healthcare workforce can drive transformative change and pave the way for comprehensive healthcare coverage in Nigeria.
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Kay, M. "India proposes free primary care to help achieve universal healthcare coverage." BMJ 345, oct30 2 (October 30, 2012): e7347-e7347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e7347.
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Prats-Uribe, Albert, Sílvia Brugueras, Dolors Comet, Dolores Álamo-Junquera, LLuïsa Ortega Gutiérrez, Àngels Orcau, Joan A. Caylà, and Joan-Pau Millet. "Evidences supporting the inclusion of immigrants in the universal healthcare coverage." European Journal of Public Health 30, no. 4 (February 11, 2020): 785–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckaa020.
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Abstract In 2012, the Spanish government enforced a healthcare exclusion policy against undocumented immigrants. The newly elected government has recently derogated this policy. To analyze how this decree could have affected population health, we looked at primary health patients who would have been excluded and compared with a matched sample of non-excluded patients. Potentially excluded patients had decreased odds of: depression, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, dyslipidaemia, heart failure and hypertension while diabetes mellitus rates were similar to non-excluded. Infectious diseases were more frequent in potentially excluded population (HIV, tuberculosis and syphilis). The exclusion of patients impedes the control of infectious diseases at a community level.
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Briggs, Adam D. M. "How changes to Irish healthcare financing are affecting universal health coverage." Health Policy 113, no. 1-2 (November 2013): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.07.022.
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Twum, Peter, Eric Besseah Yeboah, Peter Agyei-Baffour, and Kofi Akohene Mensah. "The potency of a free maternal healthcare policy in achieving universal health coverage a cross-sectional qualitative study." F1000Research 12 (January 19, 2023): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.123492.1.
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Background: The main focus of Ghana’s free maternal healthcare policy under the national health insurance scheme was to reduce the maternal mortality ratio. Aim: This study aims at ascertaining the potency of this policy in the achievement of universal health coverage in Ghana. Method: A cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted in the Bibiani-Anwiaso-Bekwai Municipality from June to December 2021 among women in their reproductive age (15-49 years) to ascertain how the policy has enhanced women’s access to maternal healthcare thereby facilitating the attainment of universal health coverage. Written informed consent and permission to participate in the study was obtained from each participant. In the case of those under 18 years, consent was sought from their parents/guardians A multistage sampling technique was used to select districts, health facilities and study participants. Focus group discussion and four key informants interviews were conducted among two nurses and two midwives who were selected using purposive sampling. The data obtained from respondent was analysed using content analysis. Results: Generally the women included in this study were knowledgeable about the policy as they recounted that, through the policy, health services they could not afford before are now accessible without any financial constraints. This means that the policy has provided many women and neonates access to maternal healthcare and healthcare in general and therefore has contributed to the attainment of universal health coverage in the municipality. Conclusions: The policy has provided financial access to women in maternal healthcare in particular and healthcare in general. This shows that the policy has a strong potential to contribute to the attainment of universal health coverage in the municipality and the country at large. Therefore, women should be encouraged to subscribe to the health insurance policy
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Friebel, Rocco, Aoife Molloy, Sheila Leatherman, Jennifer Dixon, Sebastian Bauhoff, and Kalipso Chalkidou. "Achieving high-quality universal health coverage: a perspective from the National Health Service in England." BMJ Global Health 3, no. 6 (December 2018): e000944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000944.
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Governments across low-income and middle-income countries have pledged to achieve universal health coverage by 2030, which comes at a time where healthcare systems are subjected to multiple and persistent pressures, such as poor access to care services and insufficient medical supplies. While the political willingness to provide universal health coverage is a step into the right direction, the benefits of it will depend on the quality of healthcare services provided. In this analysis paper, we ask whether there are any lessons that could be learnt from the English National Health Service, a healthcare system that has been providing comprehensive and high-quality universal health coverage for over 70 years. The key areas identified relate to the development of a coherent strategy to improve quality, to boost public health as a measure to reduce disease burden, to adopt evidence-based priority setting methods that ensure efficient spending of financial resources, to introduce an independent way of inspecting and regulating providers, and to allow for task-shifting, specifically in regions where staff retention is low.
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Reis, Bruno Barcala, Marcus Carvalho Borin, Marcelo Dolzany da Costa, Renato Luís Dresch, Osvaldo Oliveira Araújo Firmo, Melissa Cordeiro Guimarães, Carla Barbosa Morais Alves, et al. "A Strategy to Improve Knowledge about Health Policies and Evidence Based Medicine for Federal Magistrates in Health Litigation." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 50, no. 4 (2022): 807–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2023.22.
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AbstractSeveral countries maintain universal health coverage, which implies responsibility to organize delivery formats of healthcare services and products for citizens. In Brazil, the health system has a principle of universal access for more than 30 years, but many deficiencies remain and the country observes a day practice for those seeking judicial decisions to determine provision of healthcare.
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Tao, Wenjuan, Zhi Zeng, Haixia Dang, Bingqing Lu, Linh Chuong, Dahai Yue, Jin Wen, Rui Zhao, Weimin Li, and Gerald F. Kominski. "Towards universal health coverage: lessons from 10 years of healthcare reform in China." BMJ Global Health 5, no. 3 (March 2020): e002086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002086.
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Universal health coverage (UHC) is driving the global health agenda. Many countries have embarked on national policy reforms towards this goal, including China. In 2009, the Chinese government launched a new round of healthcare reform towards UHC, aiming to provide universal coverage of basic healthcare by the end of 2020. The year of 2019 marks the 10th anniversary of China’s most recent healthcare reform. Sharing China’s experience is especially timely for other countries pursuing reforms to achieve UHC. This study describes the social, economic and health context in China, and then reviews the overall progress of healthcare reform (1949 to present), with a focus on the most recent (2009) round of healthcare reform. The study comprehensively analyses key reform initiatives and major achievements according to four aspects: health insurance system, drug supply and security system, medical service system and public health service system. Lessons learnt from China may have important implications for other nations, including continued political support, increased health financing and a strong primary healthcare system as basis.
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Langat, Evaline Chepchirchir, Paul Ward, Hailay Gesesew, and Lillian Mwanri. "Challenges and Opportunities of Universal Health Coverage in Africa: A Scoping Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 22, no. 1 (January 10, 2025): 86. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph22010086.
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Background: Universal health coverage (UHC) is a global priority, with the goal of ensuring that everyone has access to high-quality healthcare without suffering financial hardship. In Africa, most governments have prioritized UHC over the last two decades. Despite this, the transition to UHC in Africa is seen to be sluggish, with certain countries facing inertia. This study sought to examine the progress of UHC-focused health reform implementation in Africa, investigating the approaches utilized, the challenges faced, and potential solutions. Method: Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, we scoped the literature to map out the evidence on UHC adoption, roll out, implementation, challenges, and opportunities in the African countries. Literature searches of the Cochrane database of systematic reviews, PUBMED, EBSCO, Eldis, SCOPUS, CINHAL, TRIP, and Google Scholar were conducted in 2023. Using predefined inclusion criteria, we focused on UHC adoption, rollout, implementation, and challenges and opportunities in African countries. Primary qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods evidence was included, as well as original analyses of secondary data. We employed thematic analysis to synthesize the evidence. Results: We found 9633 documents published between May 2005 and December 2023, of which 167 papers were included for analysis. A significant portion of UHC implementation in Africa has focused on establishing social health protection schemes, while others have focused on strengthening primary healthcare systems, and a few have taken integrated approaches. While progress has been made in some areas, considerable obstacles still exist. Financial constraints and supply-side challenges, such as a shortage of healthcare workers, limited infrastructure, and insufficient medical supplies, remain significant barriers to UHC implementation throughout Africa. Some of the promising solutions include boosting public funding for healthcare systems, strengthening public health systems, ensuring equity and inclusion in access to healthcare services, and strengthening governance and community engagement mechanisms. Conclusion: Successful UHC implementation in Africa will require a multifaceted approach. This includes strengthening public health systems in addition to the health insurance schemes and exploring innovative financing mechanisms. Additionally, addressing the challenges of the informal sector, inequity in healthcare access, and ensuring political commitment and community engagement will be crucial in achieving sustainable and comprehensive healthcare coverage for all African citizens.
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Pandey, Neeraj, Sumi Jha, and Vaibhav Rai. "Ayushman Bharat: Service Adoption Challenges in Universal Healthcare System." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 10, no. 1 (April 2021): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2277977921991915.
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The Ayushman Bharat, the universal healthcare scheme in India, faced service adoption challenges after its launch in 2018. It was an enigma for the top management in Ayushman Bharat regarding slower service adoption of a free mass healthcare coverage scheme by the target population. The case focuses on the service adoption challenges from patient and physician perspectives while implementing a universal healthcare system. It provides insights to policymakers, physicians, service operations managers, and healthcare administrators regarding managing the universal healthcare system’s implementation challenges in a developing country context. Research questions/Objective: This study aims to understand service adoption challenges in a universal healthcare system setting. The study explores the following research questions: How is service adoption theory applied in a universal health coverage program? What should be the integrated marketing communication plan to improve the awareness about a universal healthcare program? Links to theory: The study uses service adoption theory. It analyzes service adoption challenges for the universal healthcare system in India called Ayushman Bharat. It also uses literature on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. Phenomenon studied: The case study uses pan India patient and physician data to explore service adoption issues in Ayushman Bharat - a universal healthcare scheme in India. Case context: The primary data collected through the field (hospital) visits and interaction with patients and physicians of Ayushman Bharat form the basis of this case study. Findings: The study emphasizes on performance expectancy, ease in availing of the service, positive social influence, and facilitating conditions for service delivery of Ayushman Bharat. The Ayushman Bharat scheme’s performance expectancy means how being a healthy individual would contribute to better performance at the workplace. The effort expectancy is the level of ease an eligible Ayushman Bharat scheme can avail the service at the empanelled hospital. The social acceptance of the Ayushman Bharat scheme by friends, peers, and people in the vicinity would create a positive social influence. The facilitating conditions in the Ayushman Bharat scheme are the government’s capacity to provide organizational and technological infrastructure to support this universal healthcare program. Discussions: The use of service adoption theory and the UTAUT model to enhance the adoption of the universal healthcare system in India have been discussed in the case study.
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Mee-Udon, Farung. "Universal Health Coverage Scheme impact on well-being in rural Thailand." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 27, no. 6 (July 8, 2014): 456–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-11-2012-0111.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the extent to which the Thai Universal Healthcare Insurance Coverage Scheme (UC) has contributed to villagers’ well-being in the northeast of Thailand. Public opinion polls specifically advocate the schemes are used to justify its ongoing political support. However, the question still remains as to whether it has made a difference in the lives of poorer rural people. Design/methodology/approach – A multi-methods approach and a well-being focused evaluation (WFE) approach are used to understand villagers’ experiences of having and using the scheme and investigate the villagers’ satisfaction with the scheme and how this satisfaction has contributed to their life as a whole. Findings – It is found that the scheme had made a valuable contribution to improving perceived well-being amongst villagers. Apart from the direct benefits of having that healthcare when needed, there is also the indirect benefit of increasing villagers’ sense of security that healthcare will be accessible if required. Research limitations/implications – There are still pertinent issues for policy consideration; for example, almost 31 per cent of the villagers with the card have never used it. Approximately 22 per cent of people using the card reported dissatisfactions. Although healthcare direct-costs were now more affordable, a range of opportunity costs, geographic, social, cultural and other factors still need to be factored into further policy and service development to make the scheme more equitable and effective. Originality/value – The study proposes “WFE”, a new evaluation approach. WFE may also be applied to other forms of social policy particularly concerning the impact of its policy on people's well-being.
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Wang, Minmin, Suhang Song, Yinzi Jin, and Zhijie Zheng. "Role of universal health coverage in improving quality of breast cancer care: an international comparison study." BMJ Public Health 2, no. 2 (September 2024): e000863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjph-2023-000863.
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IntroductionBreast cancer is the most common and lethal cancer among women worldwide. Good quality cancer care is a key pillar in improving the survival rate and reducing the burden of this cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the current status and temporal trends in global breast cancer care and to identify the association between universal health coverage and quality of breast cancer care.MethodsA quality of care index for breast cancer was constructed using disease burden data from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. This index was evaluated and compared at global, regional and national level. The association between universal health coverage index and breast cancer quality of care index at national level was also explored.ResultsThe quality of breast cancer care improved from 1990 to 2019, and the disparity narrowed between countries at different development levels over the same period. The universal healthcare coverage index was positively associated with national breast cancer care quality. This finding was robust across countries at low and middle levels of development, as well as more developed countries.ConclusionsThe identified association between universal health coverage and breast cancer care highlight the key role of developing a high-quality and resilient healthcare system for improving breast cancer care. Then expanding the universal health coverage with inclusion of breast cancer care may help improving the breast cancer care quality and reduce the disproportionate mortality due to breast cancer in low social development countries.
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López Arellano, Oliva, and Edgar C. Jarillo Soto. "Is there a way forward for the Mexican healthcare system? A human rights perspective." Social Medicine 10, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.71164/socialmedicine.v10i1.2016.883.
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Morbidity and mortality profiles offer us a synthesis of the dynamics of population health. Workplace conditions, education, nutrition, housing, income, access to potable water, adequate sanitary services, clean environments, and healthcare are all considered as social determinants of health. As such, they provide the necessary elements to guarantee the right to health and health protection. Mexico's adoption of neoliberal policies – in place now for three decades – has weakened the possibilities of leading a full life by converting health into a commodity and dismantling the public healthcare system. In its place, a market for medical services has been established and sick people are now blamed for having adopted unhealthy lifestyles. Surely, this is a very miserly realization of the right to health. The Mexican healthcare system provides neither universal coverage nor universal access to healthcare. The quality of services – when available – is quite variable. What is needed is a single, unified, publicly financed healthcare system; international experience has shown that this is the most efficient way to obtain universal coverage that provides comprehensive, quality care and equity. Achieving this in Mexico requires fundamental reform of both the healthcare and social security systems.
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Abdullahi, Abdirahman Mohamed. "Strategies and Challenges of Universal Health Coverage in Somalia." Asian Journal of Medicine and Health 21, no. 8 (May 10, 2023): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i8837.
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Aims: Universal health coverage (UHC), means making sure everyone can afford the medical attention they need. UHC rests on the foundation of people having access to primary healthcare that is both inexpensive and of high quality. Somalia's health care system is among the world's worst, and its universal health care ranking is one of the lowest. The Somali health care framework remains powerless, under-resourced, and inequitable. A few 3.2 million women and men in Somalia need emergency health services. The aim of this research is to determine strategies and challenges of universal health coverage in Somalia.
Methods: We conducted on review on published articles and grey literature carried out in Somalia. A total of 10 studies and documents met our inclusion criteria. We included studies studied universal health coverage, universal health coverage financing, health system strengthening and health system.
Conclusion: Conclusively, strategies on achieving universal health coverage were limited on advancing UHC by accelerating primary health care led recovery, promote healthier population, and address emergencies and disease outbreaks, while poor health workers, limited provision of drugs and other medical supplies, insecurity and cost of delivering were the most challenges reported in achieving universal health coverage in Somalia.
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Asyary, Al. "INDONESIAN PRIMARY CARE THROUGH UNIVERSAL HEALTH COVERAGE SYSTEMS: A FEELING IN BONES." Public Health of Indonesia 4, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36685/phi.v4i3.200.
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Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional or JKN realized as the one of problem solving for equity of healthcare in Indonesian setting. At the same point, it has to compatible with all aspects in health financing issues by its newly adopted systems. This review aims to reveal JKN health financing policy since it implemented by 2014 in Indonesia. Several bibliographies databases were identified to conduct literature reviews that comprised of international and national/local journals. It founds that JKN principles focuses on mutual support, not-for-profit, good governance, and portability aspects. JKN enrollment consisted of two types polisholders including incapable polis insurance (PBI JKN) that bear by the Indonesian government, and capable polis insurance (none PBI JKN). JKN have to synergize with recent existing challenges including integration from previous regional health insurance (Jamkesda), healthcare facilities, package benefit, financing issue as well as the deficit issue which happened as lower dues that making by JKN polisholder than the high claim by the healthcare facilities particularly in hospitals. Although, JKN emerges to tackle the inequity of healthcare in all Indonesian regions, the existing settled Jamkesda in several regions, particularly regions with high regional income, made JKN integration as the setback health financing on its regions. Limited healthcare facilities that cooperated with BPJS-Kesehatan also challenged the JKN implementation as well as financial lose in affecting by mismatch between medical expenditures with JKN claimed as per package. It concludes that the political willing to choose several options including to prevent JKN deficit depend on the leader commitment to make JKN as not for another journey but it shall be the destination for health financing in Indonesia.
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Chiou, Shu-Ti. "From Universal Health Coverage to Universal Health Gains - Mainstreaming HPH for Healthcare Delivery Reform in Taiwan." Clinical Health Promotion - Research and Best Practice for patients, staff and community 9, S2 (May 2019): 4–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29102/clinhp.1902s02.
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Asheber, Hanna, Renu Minhas, Ved Hatolkar, Atul Jaiswal, and Walter Wittich. "Sensory Health and Universal Health Coverage in Canada—An Environmental Scan." Healthcare 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2024): 2475. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12232475.
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Background/Objectives: The World Federation of the Deafblind Global Report 2023 reports that many countries do not have a comprehensive identification, assessment, and referral system for persons with deafblindness, a combination of hearing and vision loss, across all age groups and geographic regions. The scan seeks to inform researchers, policymakers, and community-based organizations about the status of and gaps in sensory healthcare initiatives in Canada, with the intent to raise awareness to enhance the integration and coordination of eye and ear care services. Methods: We conducted an environmental scan of Canada’s healthcare system and current public health policies addressing vision and hearing care in Canada at the federal and provincial levels. The scan was conducted using published literature searches from five scientific databases—Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL—in combination with the gray literature review of federal, provincial, and territorial governments and non-profit organizations’ websites from April 2011–October 2022. Out of 1257 articles screened, 86 studies were included that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. In total, 13 reports were included in the gray literature search, with 99 total articles used in the analysis. Results: The thematic findings indicate stigma and discrimination toward individuals with disabilities and marginalized communities (Indigenous people, rural communities, recent immigrants, people of older age, and people with disabilities), including hearing, vision, or dual sensory loss, persist. Barriers to vision and hearing healthcare access include inadequate policies, underinvestment in vision and/or hearing services, limited collaboration and coordinated services between hearing and vision services, discrepancies in insurance coverages, and lack of health system support. Conclusions: This scan demonstrates the persisting barriers to vision and/or hearing services present in Canada, stemming from inadequate policy and limited service coordination. Future work to address gaps, evaluate public education, and develop integrated sensory healthcare initiatives to enhance coordinated eye and ear care services, as recommended in the WHO Report on Hearing and Vision, is imperative.
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Teleayo, Anuoluwaop. "Assessing the Impact of Universal Healthcare Coverage on Maternal and Child Health Outcomes in Nigeria." Journal of Community Health Provision 3, no. 1 (May 2, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.55885/jchp.v3i1.219.
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The purpose of this research was to determine how universal healthcare coverage in Nigeria would affect maternal and infant health. 500 households across four states in Nigeria provided information for this cross-sectional research. Data analysis using descriptive statistics revealed that the NHIS has helped increase access to and use of maternal and child healthcare services, leading to a decrease in maternal and child death rates. Inadequate funding, infrastructure, and health workforce were also cited as obstacles to implementing the NHIS in the study. Maximizing the NHIS's effect and achieving further gains in maternal and child health outcomes will require addressing these challenges and social determinants of health, such as poverty, education, and access to clean water and sanitation. These results have substantial implications for healthcare policymakers and providers in Nigeria and other low-income nations. Improving maternal and child health outcomes and decreasing household healthcare expenses are two major goals of universal healthcare coverage initiatives like the NHIS.
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Pradhan, Bijay Lal, and Shradhda Bista. "People’s Perceptions and Experiences Regarding Nepal Health Insurance Program: Evidence of Bharatpur." Morgan Journal of Interdisciplinary Research Studies 1, no. 1 (February 29, 2024): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/mjirs.v1i1.63319.
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The Nepal Health Insurance Program (NHIP) was established in 2016 to achieve universal health coverage in Bharatpur and address public healthcare issues. Despite its unique features, such as contracts with healthcare providers and additional support for open populations, dissatisfaction among users has arisen due to unfulfilled promises. This study investigates Bharatpur residents' NHIP awareness, participation trends, enrollment factors, and overall satisfaction. The research, utilizing a survey with 39 participants, emphasizes user-friendliness and positive correlations between perceived program convenience and healthcare quality belief. Main findings stress the need for improved communication and information accessibility. Concerns include medication availability, fraudulent billing, and care standards. Recommendations include increased awareness, prompt claims resolution, expanding healthcare facilities, and addressing fraud. The study contributes to healthcare improvement discussions by advocating customized approaches, addressing service quality issues, and involving the community in decision-making. In summary, NHIP, launched for universal health coverage in Bharatpur, faces challenges of user dissatisfaction and unmet promises, emphasizing the importance of communication and addressing key issues.
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Chen, Mingsheng, Guoliang Zhou, and Lei Si. "Ten years of progress towards universal health coverage: has China achieved equitable healthcare financing?" BMJ Global Health 5, no. 11 (November 2020): e003570. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003570.
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IntroductionThis study aims to systematically evaluate vertical and horizontal equity in the Chinese healthcare financing system over the period 2008–2018 during the progress towards Universal Health Coverage (UHC), and to examine how both types of equity have changed during this period.MethodsHousehold information on healthcare payments was collected from 2398 households involving 7021 individuals in 2008, 3600 households involving 10 466 individuals in 2013 and 3660 households involving 11 550 individuals in 2018. Redistributive effects of healthcare financing system were decomposed into progressivity, pure horizontal inequity and reranking. Progressivity analysis and the Aronson-Johnson-Lambert decomposition method were adopted to measure the vertical equity and horizontal equity of healthcare financing.ResultsOver the period 2008–2018, healthcare financing through indirect taxes showed a slightly prorich structure and healthcare financing through direct taxes showed a propoor structure in both urban and rural areas. Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance experienced redistribution from the poor to the rich during the period 2008–2013, but then experienced redistribution from the rich to the poor during the period 2013–2018. Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI), New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme (NRCMS), Urban and Rural Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URRBMI) and out-of-pocket payments experienced redistribution from the poor to the rich over the entire period.ConclusionChina’s healthcare financing has experienced redistribution from the poor to the rich during 10 years of progress toward the UHC. UHC improved access to and utilisation of healthcare in urban areas. The flat rate contribution mechanism should be renovated for URBMI, NRCMS and URRBMI.
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Deepika Velan, Haripriya Mohandoss, Valarmathi S, Jasmine S Sundar, Kalpana S, and Srinivas G. "Digital health in your hands: A narrative review of exploring Ayushman Bharat's digital revolution." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2024): 1630–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.3.2762.
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Background: “The Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM)” is a revolutionary initiative started in India in September 2021 that aims to digitalize the country's healthcare industry. Initiatives like Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, CoWIN App, Aarogya Setu, e-Sanjeevani, and e-Hospital provide healthcare services and facilities that reach every corner of India. This narrative review focuses on the mission's goals, objectives, innovations, significant features, progress, and worldwide scenery for digital health practices—India's healthcare scene by delivering universal health coverage and improving health outcomes. The assessment finds that ABDM is an important step toward a digitalized healthcare system that requires attention and assistance to overcome obstacles and reach its full potential. Methods: The research utilized various databases including Research Gate, PubMed, Google Scholar, and government portals to conduct a comprehensive literature review. This review article provides a critical analysis and offers essential suggestions, ideas, and recommendations for the effective and rapid implementation of the Ayushman Bharat Program. Furthermore, it includes information about the program's ability to transform India's healthcare sector and achieve universal health coverage. Conclusion: The revolutionary Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) aims to digitalize India's healthcare industry. It has made major achievements in improving healthcare access, increasing system effectiveness, improving care quality, and promoting teamwork amongst stakeholders in the healthcare system. By implementing strong data privacy and security protocols and developing infrastructure for India's diverse population, ABDM can play a key role in achieving national health coverage and improving health outcomes. ABDM may be vital in attaining national health coverage and greatly enhancing health outcomes with persistent work and strategic assistance.
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Hsu, Yu-Tung, and Chih-Hai Yang. "Universal Coverage Scheme and out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure: evidence from Thailand." Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy 22, no. 2 (February 21, 2017): 309–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13547860.2017.1291163.
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Somkotra, Tewarit, and Palinee Detsomboonrat. "Is there equity in oral healthcare utilization: experience after achieving Universal Coverage." Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 37, no. 1 (February 2009): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0528.2008.00449.x.
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Wood, Anna. "Invoking Senghor: Universal Healthcare Coverage and the Place of Culture in Senegal." Medicine Anthropology Theory 11, no. 2 (April 29, 2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17157/mat.11.2.8028.
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Senegal introduced Couverture Maladie Universelle (CMU), its version of universal health coverage (UHC), in 2013, basing it on the establishment of mutual health insurance. Mutual health organisations (mutuelles de santé) manage the pooling of funds, including member enrolment fees and government subsidies; in an effort to extend the reach of UHC, the Senegalese cultural sector created a mutuelle of its own. As part of ethnographic fieldwork focused on CMU, I attended a ceremony at the Grand Théâtre National de Dakar on the occasion of this mutuelle receiving a large cheque from the government. In this Field Note I examine the centring of Senegalese culture during this event to reflect on the national project of development itself. The event’s celebration of the arts sector coupled with its emphasis on mutualism and solidarity invoked Senegal’s post-colonial developmentalist visions and aspirations that were motivated by négritude and African socialism under its first president, Léopold Sédar Senghor. Engaging with renewed calls for African values and morality to be put at the centre of development, I argue that ambitious endeavours like CMU present such an attempt and help buoy it, but that, in the context of continued healthcare underfunding, one-off gifts like that presented during the ceremony are unsustainable.