Academic literature on the topic 'Universal access to modern energy services'
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Journal articles on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Bradbrook, Adrian J., and Judith G. Gardam. "ENERGY AND POVERTY: A PROPOSAL TO HARNESS INTERNATIONAL LAW TO ADVANCE UNIVERSAL ACCESS TO MODERN ENERGY SERVICES." Netherlands International Law Review 57, no. 01 (April 28, 2010): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x10100011.
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Sánchez-Jacob, Eduardo, Andrés González-García, Javier Mazorra, Pedro Ciller, Julio Lumbreras, and José Ignacio Pérez-Arriaga. "Joint Optimal Planning of Electricity and Modern Energy Cooking Services Access in Nyagatare." Energies 14, no. 14 (July 6, 2021): 4093. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14144093.
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In 2019, there were 759 million people globally without access to electricity and 2.6 billion people lacked access to clean cooking. Cooking with electricity could contribute to achieving universal access to energy by 2030. This paper uses geospatially-based techniques—a computer model named REM, for Reference Electrification Model—to show the impact of integrating electric cooking into electrification planning. Three household scenarios were analyzed: one for providing basic electricity access with no electric cooking; another for cooking with electricity; and the third for cooking half of the meals with electricity and half with another fuel, with a clean stacking process. Results of the application of REM to the three scenarios were obtained for the Nyagatare District, Rwanda. The case study showed that electric cooking substantially changes the mix of technologies and the total cost of the least-cost electrification plan. It also showed that electric cooking can be cost competitive compared to LPG and charcoal in grid-connected households and can reduce greenhouse emissions. Stacking with energy-efficient electric appliances provides most of the benefits of full electric cooking at a lower cost and is a pathway worthy of further consideration.
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Olawuyi, Damilola, and Victoria R. Nalule. "Ensuring Universal Access to Modern Energy Services in Times of Pandemic Related Disruptions: Legal Challenges and Potential Responses." Journal of Sustainable Development Law and Policy (The) 12, no. 1 (September 27, 2021): 49–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jsdlp.v12i1.3.
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The significant disruptions to global energy markets across the world, in light of the COVID-19 pandemic, has shown that without robust law and governance frameworks to mitigate and manage pandemic-related disruptions to energy supply, global efforts to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals may be stifled.
This article examines legal and governance aspects of designing and implementing disaster risk reduction and resilience (DRRR) frameworks to ensure the security of energy supply in times of pandemic related disruptions. Various legal and institutional challenges that arise with extant DRRR frameworks, such as weak conceptualization of pandemic related risks in extant legislation; preexisting patterns of uneven energy access; gaps in data collection and sharing with respect to pandemic risks; inadequate cross-sectoral coordination amongst institutional actors, and resource limitations are examined in order to identify the ways in which an integrative legal framework on disaster management and resilience planning can help close these gaps.
The study suggests that clear and comprehensive legislation that recalibrate the scope of energy disruptions and improves data collection and cross-sectoral knowledge sharing by relevant institutional actors are significant steps towards protecting the integrity and resilience of modern energy systems in times of disruptive events such as pandemics.
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Naumenkova, Svitlana, Volodymyr Mishchenko, and Svitlana Mishchenko. "Key energy indicators for sustainable development goals in Ukraine." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 379–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.31.
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Transforming the energy sector to provide universal access to reliable and modern energy services is an essential task for Ukraine, one of the Eastern Partnership countries with heavy energy dependence. It will help accelerate the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. The paper is devoted to studying Ukraine’s readiness to generate sustainable energy compared to the EU and other Eastern Partnership countries and the development of an information base for monitoring the achievement of SDG7.The data from the World Energy Council (WEC), the International Energy Agency (IEA), and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine are analyzed. Thus, the study proposed to expand the list of national monitoring indicators that more fully reflect the social, economic, and environmental results of SDG7 “Affordable and clean energy” in Ukraine. The development of an information monitoring base expands the opportunities to assess the availability, sustainability, and balance of national energy policy in green economic transformation. Furthermore, the indicators of energy intensity, carbon intensity, as well as access to sustainable energy for the population and business are emphasized. The findings are aimed to raise the level of awareness of government agencies and make balanced decisions to accelerate the achievement of SDG7 in Ukraine.
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Kuamoah, Catherine. "Renewable Energy Deployment in Ghana: The Hype, Hope and Reality." Insight on Africa 12, no. 1 (January 2020): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0975087819898581.
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Over recent years, few areas of international development research have seen as much transformation as those relating to energy access and low carbon transitions. Ghana, amongst other African economies, has seen an increase in energy demand surpassing the supply of energy in the last decade. The incorporation of the incorporation of renewable energy into the mix is, therefore, seen as a significant role in addressing the energy needs by replacing conventional fuels with clean and reliable domestic electricity with the advantage of local economic opportunities. The country has adopted the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG); SDG goal 7 targets ensuring universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services. This target presents a formidable challenge to Ghana because the country still relies mainly on non-renewable energy sources. The country has a huge potential for renewable energy that remains underexploited. This study, therefore, seeks to assess the current renewable energy resource situation, examine the trend in Ghana’s energy consumption and undertake a comprehensive review and critical evaluation of Ghana’s renewable energy drive and policies.
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Korkovelos, Alexandros, Hisham Zerriffi, Mark Howells, Morgan Bazilian, H.-Holger Rogner, and Francesco Fuso Nerini. "A Retrospective Analysis of Energy Access with a Focus on the Role of Mini-Grids." Sustainability 12, no. 5 (February 27, 2020): 1793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051793.
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Achieving universal access to electricity by 2030 is a key part of the Agenda for Sustainable Development, and has its own Sustainable Development Goal, SDG 7.1. This is because electricity services are required for almost all aspects of a modern economy, from the cooling of vaccines to irrigation pumping, to manufacturing and running a business. The achievement of SDG 7.1 will require a thoughtful mix of policy, finance, and technology to be designed and implemented at scale. Yet, the pressing need for an electrification ramp-up is not unprecedented. Many countries (now considered “industrialized”) faced similar challenges about a century ago. Although the existing literature covers a great deal of power systems evolution, there is a gap around the specific role and impact of small, isolated power systems in the early stages of electricity uptake. In this paper, we provide insights based on the review of the historical electrification efforts in four (now middle and high-income) countries. The drivers and context of electrification efforts in early stages are described. Those focus particularly on the role of dispersed, small-scale generation systems (mini-grids). Our analysis shows that electrification follows four loosely defined phases, namely: pilot projects, technological roll-out, economic expansion, and social scale-up. We report a selection of historical mistakes and advances that offer lessons of striking importance for today´s energy access efforts, particularly in regards to the development of mini-grids. We find that today, as historically, multi-stakeholder (e.g., planners, regulators, developers, investors, third party actors) collaboration is key and can help build locally adaptable, economically sustainable and community compatible mini-grids that can accelerate—and lower the societal costs of—universal access to electricity.
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Acheampong, Michael, Qiuyan Yu, Funda Cansu Ertem, Lucy Deba Enomah Ebude, Shakhawat Tanim, Michael Eduful, Mehrdad Vaziri, and Erick Ananga. "Is Ghana Ready to Attain Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) Number 7?—A Comprehensive Assessment of Its Renewable Energy Potential and Pitfalls." Energies 12, no. 3 (January 28, 2019): 408. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030408.
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Ghana has declared support for the UN Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) number seven which most importantly target ensuring universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services. This target presents a formidable challenge to Ghana because the country still relies mainly on traditional biomass as its primary source of energy coupled with a chronically fragile hydropower sector. In this study, we assess Ghana’s potential in achieving sustainable goal number seven. Specifically, we comprehensively review the breakthroughs and impediments Ghana has experienced in its efforts towards improving its renewable energy potential. We note that while Ghana has made significant stride toward attaining energy efficiency, its effort at large-scale biofuel development hit a snag due to issues of “land grabbing” emanating both from local and foreign entities. In another breadth, several pilot studies and research initiatives have demonstrated the possibility of diversifying the energy sector with other renewable energy options including solar, wind, and small hydro. In spite of challenges encountered with the development of biofuels, our review concludes that Ghana retains vast reserves of renewable energy potential, which can be harnessed with the constantly improving technological advancements as it pursues SDG number seven.
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Thapa, Rana Bahadur, Bishnu Raj Upreti, Durga Devkota, and Govind Raj Pokharel. "IDENTIFYING THE BEST DECENTRALIZED RENEWABLE ENERGY SYSTEM FOR RURAL ELECTRIFICATION IN NEPAL." Journal of Asian Rural Studies 4, no. 1 (January 25, 2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/jars.v4i1.2097.
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Access to electricity is generally recognized as an important factor for economic and social development. Moreover, the world energy consumption depends on the use of limited resources like fossil fuels that induce adverse impact on the environment and society. As an alternative, renewable energies turn into crucial alternative energy ensuring sustainable energy needs and taking care of society, economy and the environment. In order to combat such issues, the United Nations has declared universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy for by 2030. In many cases, different types of renewable energy systems are being developed to serve energy need without considering the best alternative. Thus, this paper tries to prioritize the installed Decentralized Renewable Energy (DRE) systems for rural electrification in Nepal by analyzing nineteen sustainability indicators related to four sustainability dimensions - technical, social, economic and environmental. An Analytical Hierarchy Process-Online Software (AHP-OS) model is used for ranking various DRE systems. Suitable goals, criteria, sub-criteria, and alternatives are developed after reviewing pertinent literature and consultation of the experts. The results reveal that micro-hydropower is the best electrification option followed by the solar home system, solar mini-grid, and wind-solar hybrid for decentralized electrification in Nepal. Biomass is found to be the least prioritized alternative in Nepal. The outcome of the research can help the policy-makers and decision-makers in shaping energy policies, plans, and programs, and foster sustainable energy development in the country. Similarly, the relevant stakeholders will be benefited by improving their products and services in the future.
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Joshi, Chetan. "A Review on EcoSan (Ecological Sanitation)." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (July 20, 2021): 1806–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36687.
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In today’s world about 2.4billion people from urban and rural areas do not have suitable access to sanitation services. In upcoming 20 years, it is estimated that a surplus of 2 billion will get migrated to urban areas, probably in developing countries, necessitating sanitation. Still greater than 90% of sewage in developing countries is discharged unprocessed polluting water bodies. Traditional sanitation ideas are neither ecofriendly nor cost-effective for developing countries. Ecological Sanitation (EcoSan) is a sanitation system having a cycle of sustainable closed-loop system, which winds up the breach between sanitation and agriculture. The EcoSan technique is resource minded and characterize a universal approach towards ecofriendly and economically healthy sanitation. The primary goal is to close water and nutrient cycle with minimum expenses on energy and material to subsidize a sustainable development. Human excreta is treated as resource and are generally handled on-site and treated off-site. The nutrient contents in excreta are reutilized by using them in agriculture. EcoSan is a complete methodology. Single practices are only measures to termination and may range from near-natural wastewater treatment techniques to compost toilets, uncomplicated domestic installations to complex, mainly decentralized systems. These technologies are not ecofriendly but only in relation with witnessed environment. They are chosen from complete range of available conventional, traditional and modern techniques merging them to EcoSan system.
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Venn, John. "Rapid Access to Modern Energy Services Using Lp Gas." Energy & Environment 16, no. 5 (September 2005): 781–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/095830505774478486.
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Modern energy is not universally available. An estimated two billion people in the world do not yet have access to modern fuels and around one quarter of all energy consumed in developing countries is derived from the burning of wood, charcoal, crop residues and animal dung. Yet a modern energy carrier exists that can meet the thermal energy needs of many of these people from both developing and developed countries. This energy carrier is available now, at low marginal cost. It can rapidly provide a critical step up on the energy ladder from traditional fuels to modern fuels whilst accelerating the socio-economic development of urban and rural regions in a sustainable manner. This modern energy carrier is LP Gas. LP Gas (Liquefied Petroleum Gas) is a by-product of natural gas production and / or crude oil refining. With an annual demand of approximately 250 million tonnes of oil equivalent, LP Gas consumption is now equivalent to approximately 10% of global natural gas consumption. Due to its versatile characteristics, LP Gas has found uses in many applications from being a thermal fuel in domestic applications to being essential in industrial and agricultural uses. LP Gas is now also the world's most popular alternative automotive fuel. Energy demand generally increases with population growth but in many developing countries, the rate of population growth far exceeds the rate of modern energy provision with a result that energy poverty in developing countries is extremely high. Lack of modern energy prevents the socio-economic development necessary to allow communities to move up the energy ladder from traditional fuels to fuels that can support and stimulate a greater level of economic activities. LP Gas is the ideal transition fuel to modern energy carriers such as natural gas. Access can be achieved at relatively low marginal cost through a well-developed global LP Gas industry. Barriers to LP Gas use can often be overcome through effective government policies. The case for government support to the LP Gas sector is based on the positive contribution the fuel can make to sustainable development. Experience from several countries shows that active government support can catalyse the development of the LP Gas market and lead to a virtuous circle of growing market potential, increased investment and expanded availability. LP Gas is available now. There is nothing exotic to invent or improve. The transportation system that moves it is in place and the tanks that store it are available today.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Volkov, Aleksandr. "Le régime juridique des relations gazières entre la Russie, l'Union Européenne et les pays membres de l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1004/document.
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L’analyse du droit applicable aux relations sur l’approvisionnement du gaz russe dans l’UE a démontré l’impuissance du droit international de l’énergie, ainsi que les insuffisances du droit local russe et de celui des pays de l’UE et de l’UE. La solution globale à tous les problèmes pourrait être la fourniture de garanties favorisant les opérations d’achat-vente de gaz entre Gazprom et les entreprises des pays de l’UE et le développement des relations de la participation directe des entreprises russes et de l’UE sur les marchés. Les bases de la réglementation de ces relations pourront être fixées dans le nouvel Accord international entre la Russie et l’UE et dans la législation localeThe current legal rules restrain the development of both frameworks now existing – that is, long-term contracts and opened-up markets. The solution to this problem could be the maintain of the first group of relations and the development of the second group. Therefore, it is important to suggest an alternative framework. The basis of such alternative framework could be fixed in an international treaty between Russia, EU and the member-states. This new regulation will also require the adjustment of the local legislation
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Solis, Manuel Peter Samonte. "From right to light: a human rights-based approach to universal access to modern energy services." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/92548.
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The thesis re-introduces the human rights-based approach to achieve universal access to modern energy services to offer an integrated and coherent legal strategy and implementation framework that brings renewable energy technology and rural electrification under the common logic and language of human rights. Although access to modern energy services is indispensable to providing basic needs, eradicating poverty and meeting sustainable development goals, 1.3 billion people remain without access to electricity and 2.6 billion people are still without access to clean cooking facilities. Essentially, the challenge lies in how to enhance access to modern energy services, particularly for those who are in impoverished rural areas of the developing world, while achieving universal coverage and sustainable development at the same time. In response, the United Nations called the world’s attention to this challenge and launched the ‘Sustainable Energy for All’ initiative that focuses on three interlinked objectives: 1) enhancing universal access to modern energy services; 2) improving the rate of energy efficiency; and 3) increasing renewable energy use. Beyond catalysing global awareness, however, the critical stage of turning the vision into reality with concrete commitments to action beckons. The imperative of developing a coherent and appropriate legal response is vital to advancing international and national development agenda and goals. For this reason, it is strongly posited that there is a need to embody the notion of basic needs such as access to modern energy services in clear, preferably legally binding standards. However, the legal response to the lack of access to modern energy services is not clearly articulated, particularly from a developing country perspective. In the meantime, the lack of universal access to modern energy services continues to drive the widening gap between the ‘haves’ and ‘have-nots’ resulting in marginalisation especially of the rural energy poor. With this marginalisation, the human rights dimension of energy poverty due to lack of access to modern energy services comes into the fore as such a situation amounts to deprivation of basic needs, entails disempowerment, and gives rise to serious equity considerations. Intuitively, these typically fall within the purview of human rights conversations prompting some scholars to suggest a human rights-based approach to achieve universal access to modern energy services. Yet the human rights perspective does not figure prominently in such a global initiative. From the foregoing, the thesis contextually describes human rights, including the challenge of definitions, associated with such a term. Also, the thesis revisits the conceptual and historical underpinnings of human rights and how these evolved in the modern context. Next, it examines the merits and limits of the language of human needs compared to the language of human rights in terms of enhancing universal access to modern energy services. The thesis then analyses the plausibility of integrating needs-talk into rights-talk, which lays the basis for subsequent discussions on renewable energy technology and rural electrification as integral components of the human rights-based approach. Finally, it looks into the practical significance of adopting such an approach to addressing the energy poverty challenge in a developing country setting such as the Philippines where no similar study has yet to be undertaken.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Law School, 2015
Books on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Stephen, Gitonga, Clemens Elisabeth, and United Nations Development Programme, eds. Expanding access to modern energy services: Replicating, scaling up and mainstreaming at the local level : lessons from community-based energy initiatives. New York: United Nations Development Programme, 2006.
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Omorogbe, Yinka. Universal Access to Modern Energy Services. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819837.003.0002.
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This chapter examines the role that law plays in the enablement and empowerment of the world’s energy poor, with a particular focus on Africa, and in doing so, provides the rationale for the research. Against the background of contemporary measures to promote universal access to modern energy services, it critically analyses key concepts such as energy poverty, sustainable development and access to energy. The role of the law as a critical component for achieving this goal and the need for its centrality to be recognized as a necessary ingredient for success is ultimately reinforced. Further, the chapter discusses key concepts such as energy poverty, sustainable development, and access to energy, which underpin most of the contributions, and then highlights the indispensability of modern energy as an essential component of sustainable development. It highlights the need for complementary pro-energy-poor policies and critical success factors of energy planning and finance.
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Partnership for Universal Access to Modern Energy Services. United Nations, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/0ef2bb54-en.
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Bradbrook, Adrian J. Achieving Access to Modern Energy Services. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819837.003.0003.
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This chapter provides an overview of the societal problems and the poverty trap created in developing countries where universal access to energy services does not exist. It relates the efforts made in recent years by the United Nations and other international institutions in seeking to promote universal energy access. The chapter then focuses on the following range of legal options open to the international community to address the issue:• Does a human right of access to energy services exist?• If not, what other international law strategies exist to provide for universal access to energy services?• In the absence of suitable international law instruments, what role can national law play in promoting and/or guaranteeing universal access to energy services?• Is there a role for the judiciary to play in this context?What are the most likely future legal developments in this field?
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The State of Access to Modern Energy Cooking Services. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/34565.
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One goal, two paths: Achieving universal access to modern energy in East Asia and Pacific. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 2011.
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Nations, United. Expanding Access to Modern Energy Services: Replicating, Scaling Up and Mainstreaming at the Local Level. United Nations Development Programme, 2006.
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Adewopo, Professor Adebambo, Dr Tobias Schonwetter, and Helen Chuma-Okoro. Intellectual Property Rights and Access to Energy Services in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819837.003.0008.
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This chapter examines the proper role of intellectual property rights (IPRs) in achieving access to modern energy services in Africa as part of a broader objective of a pro-development intellectual property agenda for African countries. It discusses the role of intellectual property rights, particularly patents, in consonance with pertinent development questions in Africa connected with the implementation of intellectual property standards, which do not wholly assume that innovation in Africa is dependent on strong intellectual property systems. The chapter examines how existing intellectual property legal landscapes in Africa enhance or impede access to modern energy, and how the law can be directed towards improved energy access in African countries. While suggesting that IPRs could serve an important role in achieving modern energy access, the chapter calls for circumspection in applying IP laws in order not to inhibit access to useful technologies for achieving access to modern energy services.
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(WHO), World Health Organization. Access to Modern Energy Services for Health Facilities in Resource-Constrained Settings: A Review of Status, Significance, Challenges and Measurement. World Health Organization, 2014.
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Gardam, Judith. A Gender Aware Approach to Legal and Policy Strategies for Achieving Access to Modern Energy Services in Sub-Saharan Africa. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198819837.003.0010.
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This book chapter first outlines the facts in relation to energy and poverty globally, with a particular emphasis on the sub-Saharan Africa region. Secondly, the impact of gender on how energy poverty is experienced is explained. Then it considers the growing recognition in international, regional, and national initiatives of the link between access to modern energy services, women, and poverty and what legal and policy strategies have been adopted in response. Finally, the chapter provides some thoughts on possible future responses to improving the prevailing situation and the obstacles that must be surmounted in the achievement of a gender aware approach to energy access.
Book chapters on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Falchetta, Giacomo, and Simone Tagliapietra. "Economics of Access to Energy." In The Palgrave Handbook of International Energy Economics, 567–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86884-0_28.
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AbstractEnergy services underpin the socio-economic development of nations and their prosperity. This chapter discusses the key obstacles that have so far prevented 840 million people worldwide from gaining access to electricity and 2.9 billion from accessing clean cooking facilities. The authors argue that the problem of access to modern commercial energy is fundamentally an economic one. They explore the different yet common roots linking energy access to technological, governance, and financing aspects. The electricity and clean cooking challenges are firstly discussed separately to highlight the specific techno-economic issues underlying each service. This is beneficial to a conclusive discussion of the key economic policy instruments and financing approaches necessary to achieve universal access to modern energy.
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Mazzà, Guglielmo, Marco Pasini, Silvia Ricci, Matthew Matimbwi, and Giampietro Pizzo. "Establishing Local Power Markets and Enabling Financial Access to Solar Photovoltaic Technologies: Experiences in Rural Tanzania." In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection, 263–80. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_11.
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AbstractEnergy inclusion is a major concern in Tanzania, where rural areas are widely lacking access to both power networks and off-grid systems. Different barriers are slowing the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 7: universal electrification in the country raises concerns in delays and equity. Financial exclusion adds to the complexity of adopting appropriate technological solutions, particularly for rural communities. Solar photovoltaic solutions represent an opportunity to increase energy access and enable growth. The introduction of new technological products requires to establish local power markets, including demand, financial resources and providers, supply mechanisms and after-sale services. The financing of renewable energy solutions for rural households partially relies on microfinance institutions and community financial groups. Technology suppliers are also providing financial services to expand access to solar and photovoltaic products, applying models mostly enabled by mobile payment systems. The paper assesses the effects of an initiative implemented in Malinyi and Kilombero districts to support the establishment of local solar power markets. The involvement of Village Community Banks to engage communities and develop sustainable financial schemes is evaluated, together with the complexity of combining awareness raising on technological solutions and financial education. Results of the implementation are presented and discussed evaluating the different ingredients of the established markets.
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Volpon, Fernanda Torres, and Ely Caetano Xavier Junior. "Access to Modern Energy Services for the Promotion of Sustainable Development." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 1–12. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71057-0_2-1.
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Volpon, Fernanda Torres, and Ely Caetano Xavier Junior. "Access to Modern Energy Services for the Promotion of Sustainable Development." In Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 11–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95864-4_2.
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Muchunku, Charles, and Georg Heinemann. "Identifying Effective Electrification Approaches and Combinations Thereof to Meet Universal Electricity Access Targets in Eastern Africa." In Energiepolitik und Klimaschutz. Energy Policy and Climate Protection, 177–232. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-38215-5_9.
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AbstractThe gains made in increasing electricity access between 2010 and 2018 indicate the benefit of a multi-pronged approach to electrification, which combines on-grid and off-grid electrification approaches and efforts from both public and private actors. The gains still fall short of the rate of increase needed to achieve universal access to electricity by 2030, indicating the need to increase the effectiveness of the multi-pronged approach. To do this the paper applies the triple embeddedness framework theory. Within the scope of Eastern Africa, we consider actors in the delivery of electricity access (irrespective of approach or whether public or private) as delivering similar goods and services, and conceptualize them as a collective entity i.e., firms in the electrification industry. The paper then analyses how these firms are shaped by the industry regime and influenced by the socio-political and economic environments, with a view to identifying where and how external pressure can be exerted to stimulate and facilitate the reorientation and recreation required to make progress towards universal electricity access. Through this exercise we demonstrate that the triple embeddedness framework provides a structured way of laying out the key aspects associated with electrification to create a picture that enables one to ‘see the forest for the trees’ and identify where and how to achieve more effective complementarity between on and off-grid approaches, and public and private firms.
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"Multiplying and replicating partnerships." In Partnership for Universal Access to Modern Energy Services, 104–27. United Nations, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/03197bdd-en.
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Timilsina, Govinda, and Kalim U. Shah. "Energy Technologies for Sustainable Development Goal 7." In Science, Technology, and Innovation for Sustainable Development Goals, 36–63. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190949501.003.0003.
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Since billions of people from the developing world do not have access to electricity and fuels for cooking, the United Nations specified universal access to modern energy as the seventh sustainable development goal (or SDG7): “ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all.” Rapid development and deployment of technologies that supply clean and affordable energy services are critical to achieve this goal. This chapter discusses key technologies required to achieve the SDG7, challenges associated with the expanded deployment of these technologies, and policies to address the challenges. It starts with a survey of technology trends and advances across solar, wind, geothermal and off-grid systems that can have an impact on achievement of SDG7. Then the many challenges and barriers to modernizing traditional energy sources are discussed. Lastly, approaches to leveraging both supply side and demand side technologies and expand technology deployment are suggested. The pace of technology advancement and delivery needed to meet SDG7 requires strategic policy support and, in some cases in the developing world, political will and institutions able to take decisive, sustained actions.
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Muza, Olivia. "The Electrification-Appliance Uptake Gap: Assessing the Off-Grid Appliance Market in Rwanda Using the Multi-Tier Framework." In Sustainable Energy Investment - Technical, Market and Policy Innovations to Address Risk. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93883.
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The structure of the electricity system includes universal access to electricity that is adequate, available, reliable, affordable, legal, convenient, healthy, and safe and the efficient (inefficient) use of the electricity. Quality of access also influences clean energy technologies and electrical appliance purchase, ownership, use and perceived value (uptake, hereafter). Also, improved uptake assists in closing systemic gaps between rural and urban areas and grid and off-grid communities. Rwanda is projected to attain full electrification by 2024 (inclusive of all sectors: consumptive, productive and services). In this context, the East African country has articulated support mechanisms for off-grid market players through technical assessments and siting incentives. However, studies that focus on characterising diffusion and uptake of clean energy technologies and electrical appliances in mini-grid sites (market) are crucial to understand the emerging trends in off-grid rural electrification. This chapter contributes to this emerging discourse by proposing a four-fold demand side characterisation approach which (i) conducts a systemic review of literature to identify emerging off-grid themes as they relate to the multi-tier framework (MTF) and vice-versa, (ii) uses existing data to characterise the off-grid market (based on a typical village load), (iii) demonstrates the tariff regime changes using two payment methodologies (willingness to pay (WTP) and ability to pay (ATP)) and (iv) projects the 2024–2032 consumptive energy demand (using a simplified relation between appliance, it’s rating and duration of use). Results of this characterisation demonstrate global and local level (glo-cal) literature gaps meriting a localised MTF assessment. The purpose of the localised assessment reported in this Chapter was therefore to understand appliance uptake gaps at the user level. The typical village load is basic (implying low energy demand). Ceteris paribus, higher WTP and ATP by users yield higher tariffs. However, a high ATP is a business sustainability determinant than a high WTP. Because energy consumption is also dependent on how efficiently it is used by those with access, the Chapter discusses appliance efficiency as a partial definition of sustainable energy and also as an example of sustainable energy. Then, demand stimulation pathways addressing wider systemic opportunities at the intersection of the theory of change and the theory of agency and risk reduction in markets, investments and policy (derisking markets, investments and policy) are discussed. The first pathway focuses on women and youth participation in productive use activities. The second pathway highlights strategies for appliance financing such as cost-sharing and micro-credit. The final pathway considers economic activity stimulation which has multiplier effects on energy demand and consequently energy-using appliances uptake. The implications for Sustainable Citizens and markets, investments and policy innovations are contextualised in the Sustainable Energy Utility business model.
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Omorogbe, Yinka. "Legal Dimensions of Access to Modern Energy Services in Africa." In Energy Justice and Energy Law, 328–46. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198860754.003.0019.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter examines strategies to achieve access to electricity, premised against the necessity for legal solutions and structures that will stimulate or encourage effective implementation of necessary objectives. It primarily focuses on three sub-Saharan African countries, Nigeria, Ghana, and Rwanda, while drawing examples as necessary from other countries in Africa. It opines that electricity access has to be pro-poor. Also that the success or failure of governments to increase energy access is tied to their realization of the criticality of electricity as a catalyst for development, and to the presence of effective policies. Synergy between critical actors is also an essential component.
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"Do the Urban Poor Need Subsidies to Access Modern Energy?" In Energy Services for the Urban Poor in Africa. Zed Books, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350219915.ch-029.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Islam, Mazharul, M. Ruhul Amin, and A. K. M. Sadrul Islam. "Renewable Energy Powered Rural Community Development Centres in the Developing Countries." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88085.
Full textAbstract:
People in the developing countries who lack basic services and economic opportunities are primarily concerned with improving their living conditions. At present, unemployment problem in the rural areas of the developing countries are diversifying the moral values and social responsibilities of unemployed youth. To solve the problem, rural development centres (involving vocational training, IT services and other productive activities) can contribute significantly for the upliftment of these rural youths and can transform them into grass-root entrepreneurs. One critical factor hindering the establishment of such rural development centers is access to affordable and reliable energy services. Under this backdrop, environmentally benign renewable energy systems can contribute significantly in providing much needed energy in the unserved or underserved rural development centers in the developing countries to achieve both local and global environmental benefits. The paper demonstrates that energy deficient, economically backward communities in the off-grid areas of the developing countries, can be given an array of opportunities for income generation and social progress through rural development centers with the aid of renewable energy sources (such as wind, solar photovoltaics, solar thermal, biomass and micro-hydro), thereby improving their standard of living. Poverty alleviation in rural areas can be accomplished and the critical role of access to adequate level of energy services, Information Technology (IT) and modern communication facilities in it demonstrated. Furthermore, the production, implementation, operation and maintenance of renewable energy applications being labor-intensive, will also result in job growth in the village context, preventing migration of labor force, especially of young men, from rural areas to overcrowded industrial areas. An appropriately designed renewable energy systems can also have a significant role in reducing the impact of climate change through non production of green house gases.
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Jakovac, Pavle. "The Influence of Energy Trends on the Global Economy." In 6th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2022 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2022.299.
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Energy stimulates global economic activity, which is also a key input for almost all goods and services of the modern world. Given the expansion of the population, the improvement of living standards and the increase in consumption, the total demand for energy is growing year by year. At the same time, there is great concern about climate change, which encourages countries around the world to find solutions for energy supply while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants that threaten the environment. Energy trends, such as renewable energy, gas, decarbonization, decentralization, flexibility and blockchain technology, enable faster and simpler energy transformation, reduce the negative impacts of climate change, enhance energy security and provide wider access to energy. For this reason, the paper analyzes the impact of energy trends on the superpowers, i.e. the USA, China and the European Union (EU), and on the countries of the MENA region (Middle East and North Africa), which are one of the world’s largest energy producers. The paper also reviews the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to an unprecedented decline in energy demand and slowed the development of the global energy sector.
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Gulin, S. V., and A. G. Pirkin. "FEATURES OF BUSINESS-PROCESSES IN THE CREATION OF ELECTROTECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS FOR THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX." In INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN SCIENCE AND EDUCATION. DSTU-Print, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/itno.2020.357-362.
Full textAbstract:
This article offers a universal methodology for the design, creation and operation of complex electrotechnological systems. This methodology is based on a system-process approach to business modeling. The article provides a detailed description of all private business processes that provide a full cycle of business engineering, and offers a General mathematical expression for a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of the business engineering process. The proposed methodology has been tested on the example of designing, creating and operating vegetation climate systems (VCS). This example shows that it is possible to conduct quite serious scientific research at the intersection of plant physiology and electric power engineering, which allows us to create modern self-adjusting systems for automatic microclimate control when growing plants. Application of engineering methods allows to increase the efficiency of development of information systems for automatic control of parameters of the most important physiological processes (photosynthesis, transpiration, etc.) in plants under the influence of environmental factors. The article outlines the prospects for the development of the subject area of engineering in the direction of solving specific problems to integrated energy engineering, and the energy business - from trading individual services to trading models and technologies.
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Yu, J. G., and Matthew B. Ercolino. "Measurement and Analysis of Acela Express Regenerative Power Recovery." In ASME/IEEE 2007 Joint Rail Conference and Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc/ice2007-40012.
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Amtrak launched the first high-speed Acela Express passenger train service in the USA in 2000 on the Northeast Corridor (NEC) between Washington, D.C, New York, and Boston. The NEC infrastructure is used by several other railroad/transit agencies that operate commuter train services under operating access agreements with Amtrak. With such an arrangement, all NEC passenger railroad/transit agencies contribute to the electrical demands of the traction power system on the southern division and in particular, between New York, and Washington, D.C. Amtrak and the other railroad/transit agencies conduct periodic reviews of the cost-sharing arrangements for the electricity bills. As part of a recent review, accurate data on the power usage by the Acela Express fleet was needed. The Acela Express power cars are equipped with modern traction drives with controls that are capable of recovering some or all of the regenerative braking power they produce. The use of regenerative braking is automatically controlled by the onboard Braking Control Computer via the internal propulsion and braking network. This feature makes the Acela Express trains efficient in energy consumption and affects the cost allocation to Amtrak. The extent of the energy recovery is dependent on how receptive the traction power system is when power is being regenerated from braking. In order to obtain realistic data, two separate Acela Express power cars were instrumented. A large amount of data was collected in normal service conditions from the onboard instrumentation. This paper describes the instrumentation and the data collection procedure, and presents the analysis results of the collected data. The analyses were focused on two parameters: the “energy recovery ratio” and the “system receptivity” of the traction power supply system. The study contributed to the successful conclusion of a new electrical cost-sharing arrangement among the NEC passenger railroad/transit agencies, which was made public in October 2006.
Reports on the topic "Universal access to modern energy services"
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Grimes, Kathryn E. L., Adam J. Walter, Amanda A. Honeycutt, Cristina Bisson, and Jennifer B. Griffin. Reach Health Assessing Cost-Effectiveness for Family Planning (RACE-FP) Methodology Report: Estimating the Impact of Family Planning Interventions in the Philippines. RTI Press, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2022.op.0072.2205.
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In the Philippines, demand for family planning (FP) is high, and the government is committed to helping the population achieve universal access to quality FP information and services. Reach Health Assessing Cost-Effectiveness for Family Planning (RACE-FP) is a decision support tool designed to estimate the impact FP interventions have on averting unintended pregnancies and on downstream maternal and neonatal health (MNH) outcomes. This report provides technical details of the RACE-FP model. RACE-FP is organized by objectives: improve postpartum FP, improve public sector and private sector provision of FP, improve demand for FP, reduce contraceptive stockouts, and introduce a modern contraceptive method. Although other models have been developed to estimate the impact of contraceptive use on averting unintended pregnancy at the national level for the Philippines, RACE-FP is the only model to provide estimates at national and regional levels, include intervention and commodity costs, disaggregate outcomes by age group and setting (public, private, community), and estimate the broader impact of modern contraceptive prevalence on MNH outcomes. RACE-FP can be an important resource to determine the relative benefit of FP interventions in the Philippines and could support policy decisions globally.