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Published: 27 July 2024
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1

Hayes, Sean. "Canadian Nationalism vs. United States Sport." Culture, Sport, Society 4, no. 2 (June 2001): 157–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/713999828.

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2

Denning, Dorothy E. "The United States vs. Craig Neidorf." Communications of the ACM 34, no. 3 (March 1991): 22–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/102868.102869.

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3

Hays-Gilpin, Kelley. "United States Government vs. the Navajo People?" Heritage Management 2, no. 2 (September 2009): 239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/hma.2009.2.2.239.

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4

Desai, Krishna, Bohdan Baralo, Ajinkya Kulkarni, Vinay E. Keshava, Sabah Iqbal, Hassan Ali, Sivaguha Yadunath Prabhakaran, and Rajesh Thirumaran. "Cancer statistics: The United States vs. worldwide." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2024): e23276-e23276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.e23276.

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e23276 Background: Cancer is now a pandemic worldwide. Although the mortality from cancer is downtrending due to the advent of newer treatment modalities, the global burden of cancer is exponentially increasing due to early detection.Understanding the current cancer demographics can aid in developing strategies to curb the morbidity and mortality from these malignancies. Methods: The data was obtained using 2 databases: GLOBOCAN for global trends, & Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result database Research Plus Data, 17 Registries, Nov 2022 Sub (2000-2020) for the data in the United States (US). We further stratified SEER data based on incidence, gender & median months of survival (mOS), using the Log-rank test (GraphPad Prism). Results: As per the latest GLOBOCAN analysis, 18,094,716 new cancers (51.63% males,48.36% females) & 9,894,402 deaths (55.49% males, 44.51% females) from cancer occurred, worldwide. The 5 most commonly diagnosed cancers globally were, breast (12.5%), lung (12.2%), colorectal cancer (CRC) (10.7%), prostate (7.8%), & stomach (6%). However, the 5 most common cancers causing mortality globally, were lung (18.2%), CRC (9.5%), liver (8.4%) stomach (7.8%), & breast (6.9%). Whereas, in the US, 2,281,658 new cancers (males 53.75%, females 46.24%) were detected in 2020, & 612,390 deaths (males 52.58%, females 47.41%) occurred from it. The 5 most commonly diagnosed cancers were breast (11.1%), lung (10%), prostate (9.2%), CRC (6.8%), & melanoma (4.2%). Cancer-related mortality was attributed to lung (22.6%), CRC (8.9%), pancreas (7.8%), breast (7%), & prostate (5.3%). SEER data analysis for cancer mortality in the US is listed below in Table 1. Conclusions: Analysis of 2 large databases show that the most common cancers around the world, including the US, are breast, lung, colon & prostate cancers. Breast cancer has the highest incidence, but lung cancer has the highest mortality worldwide. In the US, Whites are more affected & except breast cancer, males have a greater predeliction for the common cancers. mOS was greater for females over all. This study emphasizes the need for further analysis to introspect if modalities such as next generation sequencing-directed immunotherapy would prove beneficial in increasing overall survival. [Table: see text]
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5

Rosen, Amy. "China vs. United States: A Cosmopolitan Copyright Comparison." Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law and Policy 15, no. 1 (February 10, 2015): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2014.154.

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China has a notorious reputation for infringing on intellectual property, especially copyrights. Despite making substantial improvements in its copyright laws over the years, China continues to be haunted by this reputation. But is it really true? By analyzing China’s Copyright Law, this piece explores whether the assumption that China is a notorious infringer is valid. By comparing the copyright laws of the United States to those of China, and by comparing the number of litigated copyright cases that have recently occurred in both countries, this Article concludes that unfortunately Chinese citizens are still severely infringing on international copyrights. Such infringement harms not only foreign copyright owners, but Chinese citizens as well. Notwithstanding this dire conclusion, there is still hope. This paper posits three possible resolutions to help cure China’s reputational ills and weighs each solution's effectiveness.
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6

Swanhart, Samantha, David C. Weindorf, Amanda McWhirt, Noura Bakr, and Sara Nuss. "Benchmark vs. State Soils of the United States." Soil Horizons 54, no. 3 (2013): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.2136/sh12-10-0029.

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7

Billings, Andrew C., and Fabio Tambosi. "Portraying the United States vs Portraying a Champion." International Review for the Sociology of Sport 39, no. 2 (June 2004): 157–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1012690204043459.

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8

Linlin, Pang. "Divorce in the United States vs. in China." Journal of Popular Culture 27, no. 2 (September 1993): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.1993.91333.x.

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9

Bertola, Giuseppe, and Andrea Ichino. "Wage Inequality and Unemployment: United States vs. Europe." NBER Macroeconomics Annual 10 (January 1995): 13–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/654262.

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10

FUENTES, CARLOS. "The United States vs. the Empire of Law." New Perspectives Quarterly 19, no. 4 (October 2002): 50–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5842.2002.tb00103.x.

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11

Danko, Dori, Jennifer S. Goldberg, Stephen R. Goldberg, and Rita Grant. "Corporate social responsibility: The United States vs. Europe." Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance 19, no. 6 (September 2008): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcaf.20432.

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12

Matis, BA, JI Matis, Y. Wang, S. Monteiro, TA Al-Qunaian, and R. Millard. "Labeled vs Actual Concentration of Bleaching Agents." Operative Dentistry 38, no. 3 (April 1, 2013): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2341/11-367-l.

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SUMMARY The purpose of this study was to determine if the actual concentration of bleaching agents available in four different countries were the same as the label indicated and within the recommendations of the International Standard on Tooth Whitening. The method recommended for assaying peroxide by the United States Pharmacopeia was used to determine concentrations. All products in the United States and China were within the standard when products were tested immediately upon delivery at testing sites. One product in Saudi Arabia and three products in Brazil had greater than 30% concentration loss. Three of 24 products in the United States did not meet the International Standard when they were tested at month of expiration.
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13

Maguire, Lori. "To Stay or Not to Stay." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 18, no. 4 (2023): 30–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2023.18.4.30.

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The United States established a consular presence in Hà Nội before World War II. Washington sought to maintain it after the creation of the communist Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV, or North Vietnam) in 1954, and managed to do so—in spite of opposition from the North Vietnamese—until December 1955. This article presents the little-known history of America’s diplomatic presence in North Vietnam, while also examining CIA efforts outside the consulate in North Vietnam and the role of Western allies. It provides a more nuanced view than previously available of American-DRV relations in their earliest stages.
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14

Babaev, Kirill V. "Problems and Prospects of contemporary Vietnam–China Relations." Russian Journal of Vietnamese Studies 7, no. 3-2 (October 2, 2023): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.54631/vs.2023.732-430187.

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In 20222023 in connection with the escalation of the confrontation between the United States and China in Asia-Pacific in both military and political spheres, the position of the countries of East and Southeast Asia acquires an extremely important role. A number of regional powers have already taken their side, and the struggle between the two superpowers now aims to attract new allies and partners out of the ASEAN countries. Vietnam as a regional leader and a major economic player in the strategically important Greater Mekong region is of paramount importance to the interests of both the United States and China. Vietnam finds itself in the epicenter of a big diplomatic game between Washington and Beijing. The Chinese leadership can no longer ignore the danger of rapprochement of its Southern neighbors with the military-political associations that the United States forms along the borders of the PRC. The future of not only the two-state dialogue, but also in many respects the security and stability in the Southeast Asia depends on how the Chinese authorities approach the resolution of problems in VietnamChina relations.
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15

Baum, Sandy. "Student Debt in the United States: Rhetoric vs Reality." International Higher Education, no. 93 (March 29, 2018): 16–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.0.93.10429.

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The general notion of a student debt “crisis” in the United States is rooted in misperceptions. The problems lie largely with students who leave school without a credential, with those who attend for-profit institutions, and with older adults returning to school—not with young, four-year college graduates.
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Baum, Sandy. "Student Debt in the United States: Rhetoric vs Reality." International Higher Education 2, no. 93 (March 29, 2018): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/ihe.2018.93.10381.

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The general notion of a student debt “crisis” in the United States is rooted in misperceptions. The problems lie largely with students who leave school without a credential, with those who attend for-profit institutions, and with older adults returning to school—not with young, four-year college graduates.
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17

Ganter, Jo. "Scotland vs The United States: Teaching art in universities." International Journal of Education Through Art 9, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eta.9.1.107_7.

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18

Murphy, Kevin. "[Wage Inequality and Unemployment: United States vs. Europe]: Comment." NBER Macroeconomics Annual 10 (January 1995): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/654263.

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19

Rogerson, Richard. "[Wage Inequality and Unemployment: United States vs. Europe]: Comment." NBER Macroeconomics Annual 10 (January 1995): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/654264.

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20

Stanziani, Alessandro. "Russia and the United States—Comparative vs. Connected History?" Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History 23, no. 4 (September 2022): 925–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/kri.2022.0053.

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21

Yuan, Hongbo, Robert W. Platt, Lucie Morin, K. S. Joseph, and Michael S. Kramer. "Fetal deaths in the United States, 1997 vs 1991." American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 193, no. 2 (August 2005): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2004.12.002.

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22

Orkin, Fredrick K., Sandra L. McGinnis, Gaetano J. Forte, Mary Dale Peterson, Armin Schubert, Jonathan D. Katz, Arnold J. Berry, et al. "United States Anesthesiologists over 50." Anesthesiology 117, no. 5 (November 1, 2012): 953–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/aln.0b013e3182700c72.

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Background Anesthesiology is among the medical specialties expected to have physician shortage. With little known about older anesthesiologists' work effort and retirement decision making, the American Society of Anesthesiologists participated in a 2006 national survey of physicians aged 50-79 yr. Methods Samples of anesthesiologists and other specialists completed a survey of work activities, professional satisfaction, self-defined health and financial status, retirement plans and perspectives, and demographics. A complex survey design enabled adjustments for sampling and response-rate biases so that respondents' characteristics resembled those in the American Medical Association Physician Masterfile. Retirement decision making was modeled with multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Life-table analysis provided a forecast of likely clinical workforce trends over an ensuing 30 yr. Results Anesthesiologists (N = 3,222; response rate = 37%) reported a mean work week of 49.4 h and a mean retirement age of 62.7 yr, both values similar to those of other older physicians. Work week decreased with age, and part-time work increased. Women worked a shorter work week (mean, 47.9 vs. 49.7 h, P = 0.024), partly due to greater part-time work (20.2 vs. 13.1%, P value less than 0.001). Relative importance of factors reported among those leaving patient care differed by age cohort, subspecialty, and work status. Poor health was cited by 64% of anesthesiologists retiring in their 50s as compared with 43% of those retiring later (P = 0.039). Conclusions This survey lends support for greater attention to potentially modifiable factors, such as workplace wellness and professional satisfaction, to prevent premature retirement. The growing trend in part-time work deserves further study.
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23

Miller, Edward. "Book Review: Cauldron of Resistance: Ngo Dinh Diem, the United States, and 1950s Southern Vietnam." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 8, no. 4 (2013): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2014.8.4.129.

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24

Turley, William. "Book Review: Misalliance: Ngo Dinh Diem, the United States, and the Fate of South Vietnam." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 8, no. 4 (2013): 132–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2014.8.4.132.

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25

Emilia, Emilia, Adi Bhakti, and Candra Mustika. "Analsis determinan yang mempengaruhi perdagangan luar negeri Indonesa terhadap dua negara yang terlibat perang dagang Amerika Serikat VS China." Jurnal Paradigma Ekonomika 16, no. 3 (August 7, 2021): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/jpe.v16i3.14342.

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The purpose of this study is to analyze how Indonesia's exports and imports compared to the United States and China and to investigate how the exchange rate, labor force, and population influence Indonesia's imports from China and the United States. The results show that Indonesia's exports to the United States and Indonesia's exports to China are 2.02, while the average comparison of Indonesian imports from the United States and Indonesia's imports from China is 1.31. the average is more significant when compared to Indonesia's exports and imports with China. Based on the regression results, the exchange rate variable has a significant negative effect on Indonesia's exports and imports with the United States and China. The labor variable has a significant positive impact on Indonesia's exports and imports to the United States and China. In contrast, the population variable significantly affects Indonesia's exports to the United States. It does not substantially affect Indonesian imports from the United States and does not dramatically affect Indonesia's exports and imports with China.
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26

Jatmika, Sidik. "US vs China Rivalry in the Biden Era by Bambang Cipto." WIMAYA 3, no. 02 (December 26, 2022): 114–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/wimaya.v3i02.84.

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This book provides a thorough analysis of the dynamics of international relations between the United States and China during the first term of Joe Biden's presidency. In his book, Cipto makes the case that the United States has to be more cautious while preserving its relationship with China, particularly during the Biden administration when it is important to protect both domestic and global interests. As the subsequent president of the United States, Joe Biden exercised prudence when dealing with China in a new rivalry. Biden has specific demands to improve the role of the United States in the international world after being considered to have experienced a setback in the era of Donald Trump's leadership with his "America First" policy. In addition, Donald Trump openly launched a trade war strategy with China which increased tensions between the two countries. The efforts made by Joe Biden can be likened to the efforts of “Rambo”, a fictional character who represents United States patriotism in “cleaning up” all forms of international threats. But this time what they faced was not an ordinary threat, this special thread can be reimagined as a dragon that had just awakened and could pounce at any time and turn terrifying. Therefore, instead of using firearms blindly as the films illustrate, Rambo must be able to dance beautifully to face the rise of the dragon.
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Asher, Brad, Michael Lieder, Jake Page, and John William Sayer. "Wild Justice: The People of Geronimo vs. the United States." American Journal of Legal History 44, no. 3 (July 2000): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3113863.

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Compa, Lance. "United States Supreme Court: Property Rights vs. Trade Union Rights." International Labor Rights Case Law 8, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056901-08010007.

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29

Popov, Grigorij. "Japan vs the United States (1941—1945). People and Machines." ISTORIYA 12, no. 12-2 (110) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015908-7.

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The authors study the military potential of the Japanese Empire and its changes during the Pacific War in order to understand the role of the Pacific Theater of Operations in World War II. In this regard, the authors basing on the losses suffered by Japan on various fronts define the role of the USSR in the defeat of militaristic Japan. They argue that the contribution of the USSR to the victory of the Anti-Hitler coalition in Asia consists mainly in shackling significant forces of the Japanese army in Manchuria and Korea until the end of the summer of 1945, which did not allow the Japanese military to win to a large extent in the southwestern provinces of China, thereby ensuring direct communication with Burma. As for the defeat of the Japanese Air Force, which was the main striking force of Japanese militarism, there was a decisive contribution of the United States, whose Air Force also caused significant damage to Japanese industry by the summer of 1945 with strategic bombing. In this regard, the authors question the need for atomic bombing, which accelerated the surrender of Japan, but did not make it, as the authors prove, inevitable. The authors see the main reason for Japan's defeat in the strategy of its High command, putting the economy in second place. The Japanese admirals exaggerated the capabilities of carrier-based aircraft too much, which became a fatal factor for Japan in the Pacific war. The authors also claim that the actions of the Allied troops in Burma played a significant role in the defeat of Japan.
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Martin, Jill E., Michael Lieder, and Jake Page. "Wild Justice: The People of Geronimo vs. the United States." Western Historical Quarterly 29, no. 2 (1998): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/971356.

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31

Schneir, Walter, and Miriam Schneir. "The United States vs. Rosenbergs and Sobell: A Capsule View." Rethinking Marxism 2, no. 3 (September 1989): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08935698908657872.

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32

Yin, Libo, and Liyan Han. "Macroeconomic impacts on commodity prices: China vs. the United States." Quantitative Finance 16, no. 3 (March 24, 2015): 489–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14697688.2015.1018308.

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33

Anderson, Raeda K., Daniel S. Pasciuti, and Chloe M. Sellers. "Livability vs. Affordability; Disability and Housing in the United States." Social Sciences 13, no. 6 (May 29, 2024): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13060291.

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This paper demonstrates the macro dynamics of housing and disability by comparing pressures on a broad range of issues related to housing and disability across states. Despite the growing population of adults with disabilities in the United States, research on the national-level relationship between housing and disability has been largely absent and little attention has been paid to accessibility, housing affordability, or the prevalence of involuntary movement and relocation for adults with disabilities. Using national data from the 2020 American Community Survey (ACS), we examine the multi-dimensional nature of housing, through cost burdens, upkeep, and maintenance, renting vs. ownership, and types of housing prevalent in the United States, and argue that this creates a paradox of livability vs. affordability for adults with disabilities. These state-level trends in the cost and livability of housing environments by state show that housing conditions and housing costs are inversely associated for adults with disabilities. These macro-level conditionalities are not uniform but vary by housing type and location across the country, creating specific paradoxes in each state. We assert that housing itself is one of the key mechanisms that can support or hinder the long-term well-being of persons with disabilities living in the community, through the presence or absence of both physical space and facilities in the home. Ultimately, housing conditions and affordability need to be considered primary factors in the study and support of persons with disabilities and these considerations must be tailored to state and local housing dynamics to meet persons with disabilities where they live.
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Chapman, Jessica M. "Book Review: Four Decades On: Vietnam, the United States, and the Legacies of the Second Indochina War." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 10, no. 1 (2015): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2015.10.1.155.

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35

Lindo-Fuentes, Héctor. "El Salvador vs. Imperialismo Yanqui, 1912–14." Journal of Latin American Studies 52, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 495–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x20000644.

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AbstractWhen the United States invaded Nicaragua in 1912 the popular reaction in El Salvador was so strong that it completely upended politics. The article argues that this anti-imperialist movement, completely ignored by the current historiography, forced Salvadorean governments to make decisions regarding foreign policy that would have been unthinkable had it not been for the pressure from below. Popular pressures contributed to limit the scope of the final version of the Chamorro–Bryan Treaty between the United States and Nicaragua. The treaty did not include Platt Amendment-like provisions. Moreover, the Wilson administration abandoned the idea of extending a protectorate to all the Central American countries and building a naval base in the Gulf of Fonseca.
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Gregory, Marshall. "The Many-Headed Hydra of Theory vs. the Unifying Mission of Teaching." College English 59, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 41–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ce19973609.

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Rehearses some 20th-century narratives as they have appeared in United States history and as they have been represented in African-American literature. Suggests that some of these narratives are insufficiently critical in their construction of stereotypes or in their over-romanticized notions of racial memory, which mask the complications of color and racial identity in the United States.
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Culbert, David. "The Heinrich Hoffmann photo archive: ‘Price vs United States’ (United States Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit, 20 November, 1995)." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 17, no. 2 (June 1997): 261–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439689700260721.

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38

Shah, Shreya J., and Randall S. Stafford. "Current Trends of Hypertension Treatment in the United States." American Journal of Hypertension 30, no. 10 (May 22, 2017): 1008–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajh/hpx085.

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Abstract BACKGROUND To examine current patterns of hypertension (HTN) treatment in the United States, including blood pressure (BP) control, prevalence of different antihypertensive agents, and variations in treatment associated with patient and physician characteristics. METHODS We used data from the National Disease and Therapeutic Index (NDTI), a nationally representative physician survey produced by QuintilesIMS. We selected patients with a diagnosis of HTN and identified those prescribed antihypertensive therapies. We analyzed the type of antihypertensive agents prescribed. Extent of BP control, and associated patient and physician characteristics. We calculated 95% confidence intervals that accounted for the multistage NDTI sampling design. RESULTS Among those treated for HTN in 2014, BP control varied: systolic BP (SBP) ≥160 (15%) vs. SBP 150–159 (9%) vs. SBP 140–149 (19%) vs. SBP 130–139 (26%) vs. SBP <130 (32%). Of those treated for HTN, 29% used of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs); 24%, thiazide-like diuretics; 22%, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), 21%, calcium-channel blockers (CCBs); and 19% beta-blockers. Newer drugs had very limited uptake; no drugs approved after 2002 were used in more than 5% of patients. Selection of agents varied only modestly by patient and physician characteristics. CONCLUSIONS The treatment of HTN in 2014 predominantly involved older medications in 5 major classes of drugs: ACEIs, thiazide diuretics, ARBs, CCBs, and beta-blockers. Selection of antihypertensive agents showed limited variation by age, gender, race, and insurance type. Although 58% of treated patients had SBP <140, 24% had poorly controlled HTN with SBP ≥150, indicating the need for improved treatment.
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Ross, Austin J., Bailey J. Ross, Tyler C. Zeoli, Symone M. Brown, and Mary K. Mulcahey. "Injury Profile of Mixed Martial Arts Competitions in the United States." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 232596712199156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967121991560.

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Background: The popularity of mixed martial arts (MMA) continues to grow in the United States. Although prior work has provided valuable insight concerning injuries in the sport, much of the available literature is limited by factors such as small sample sizes, varying athlete demographics, and inconsistent data collection methods. Purpose: To report injury rates and types in MMA and analyze potential variance between competition and match variables. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of injuries sustained by fighters during MMA contests between 2018 and 2019 using ringside physician postmatch injury reports from Wisconsin and Arizona. The prevalence of overall injuries and specific injury types was compared by location (Arizona vs Wisconsin), competition level (amateur vs professional), match result (decisions vs any other result), and match winners versus losers. Results: In 503 contests, 285 (57%) had at least 1 injury. In these 285 matches, participants experienced 401 injuries: 197 (49%) in professional bouts and 204 (51%) in amateur bouts. The match injury rate was higher in professional bouts than in amateur contests (68% vs 51%; P < .001). Amateur fighters had more contusions and hematomas (31% vs 22%; P < .001), while professional fighters had more lacerations (39% vs 23%; P < .001). Losers exhibited a higher match injury rate than winners (48% vs 24%; P < .001). Winners experienced a higher proportion of fractures (19% vs 9%; P = .005), and losers experienced more concussions (17% vs 2%; P < .001). Conclusion: Professional fighters and losers of MMA bouts exhibited higher injury rates relative to amateurs and winners. The prevalence of specific injury types varied by competition level, match result, and match winners versus losers. The results of this study may be used to better understand the current injury profile in MMA and to develop targeted strategies for injury prevention.
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40

Dias, Dr Murillo, Carlos Araujo, Thiago Schmitz, and Leonardo Pereira. "Regulatory Agencies in Brazil vs. the United States: A Comparative Study." International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation X, no. IV (2023): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51244/ijrsi.2023.10406.

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This article describes Brazil’s regulatory agencies compared to the United States, emphasizing their similarities and differences and discussing the Brazilian regulatory agencies in detail. After careful content analysis, key findings pointed out a significant disparity within both countries: while in Brazil, the first regulatory agency was created in 1996 – National Telecommunications Agency (ANATEL), in the United States, the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) was founded 114 years before, in 1887, evidencing a long tradition and expertise regarding the regulatory environment from the North American agencies. There are currently eleven regulatory agencies in Brazil, while in the United States, there are 47. Different types and functions give North American regulatory agencies a higher level of sophistication than the Brazilian regulatory system, meaning that the Brazilian regulatory framework finds an excellent deal for improvement. One of the implications that compile the current work is the discussion about the existence of a political influence in regulating agencies needing to catch up compared to their American counterparts’ pace of innovation.
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41

Keizman, Daniel, Maya Ish-Shalom, Natalie Maimon, Maya Gottfried, Roberto Pili, Hans J. Hammers, Mario A. Eisenberger, et al. "Are there geographic differences in the outcome of patients (pts) with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) treated with sunitinib (su)?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 6_suppl (February 20, 2013): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.6_suppl.458.

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458 Background: Geographic differences in the outcome of pts have been described in various cancers. The VEGFR inhibitor su is a standard treatment (tx) for mRCC. The effect of geographic differences on the outcome of su tx in mRCC is poorly defined. We aimed to study the effect of geographic differences on outcome of su tx in mRCC. Methods: We performed an international multicenter retrospective study of unselected cohort of 275 mRCC pts, who were treated with su from 2004 to 2012 in 7 centers across the United States and Middle East (ME; Israel). Clinicopathologic and prognostic factors, and tx outcome were compared between United States (n=133) and ME (n=142) pts. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare categorical variables, and two-sample t-test was used to compare continuous endpoints. Progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined by Cox regression. Results: Median age was 61 (United States) vs. 65 (ME, p = 0.01). The groups were balanced regarding gender, Heng risk, past nephrectomy, RCC histology, presence of ≥ 2 metastatic sites, lung/liver/bone metastasis, use of angiotensin system inhibitors (ASI), prior cytokines/ targeted txt, su induced HTN, and su dose reduction/tx interruption secondary to side effects. The incidence of active smokers (28% vs. 15%, p =0.01), bisphosphonates users (23% vs. 13%, p = 0.03) and pts with pre-tx neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) ≤ 3 (63% vs. 49%, p = 0.04) was higher among ME pts. In United States vs. ME pts, objective response was partial response/stable disease 77% (n=102) vs. 79% (n=112), and progressive disease at first imaging evaluation within the first 3 months (mos) 23% (n=31) vs. 21% (n=30) (p = 0.77, OR 1.1). Median PFS was 8 vs. 12 mos (HR=1.8, p < 0.0001), and median OS 21 vs. 22 mos (HR=0.94, p = 0.9) in United States vs ME pts. Factors associated with PFS in multivariate analysis of the entire cohort (n=275) were geographic location (United States vs. ME), Heng risk, RCC histology, su induced HTN, ASI use, pre-tx NLR, and smoking status. Conclusions: Geographic differences in clinicopathologic factors and PFS of pts with mRCC treated with su may exist. This should be further investigated, and if validated, applied in clinical practice and clinical trials.
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42

Chandler, David. "Paul Mus (1902––1969): A Biographical Sketch." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 4, no. 1 (2009): 149–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2009.4.1.149.

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Using recently available archival materials, this essay presents a new,detailed biography of Paul Mus (1902––1969), a brilliant scholar of Buddhism, a brave soldier, and a public intellectual who was out of step with the French establishment in the 1940s and 1950s as an early opponent of the First Indochina War and the French war in Algeria. His profound and timely insights into Vietnamese nationalism, largely ignored at the time, have had a delayed and positive impact on Vietnamese studies in France and the United States.
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43

Masiuk, Dmytro, Eleonora Yesina, Tetiana Vasylenko, Andrii Kokariev, Volodymyr Hlebeniuk, Viktor Nedzvetsky, and Roman Pogranichniy. "The monitoring and molecular epizootiology of porcine epidemic diarrhea in Ukraine during 2014-2018." Veterinarska stanica 51, no. 2 (March 27, 2020): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.46419/vs.51.2.5.

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The rapid spread of porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) in different countries in a short time while and the significant economic damage caused by it were important reasons for conducting long-term monitoring studies in Ukraine. PED monitoring researches conduct carry out during 2014-2018 using RT-PCR and ELISA showed the presence of infection in 14 (66.67%) of 21 examined regions of Ukraine. For the period 2014- 2018, the proportion of PED cases rate was the lowest in 2017 (1.76%) and the highest in 2016 (48.03%). Over the entire period, the percentage seropositive animals progressively decreased to a seronegative status indicator defined in sows in 2018. The results of determination of the virulence of 40 strains of PED virus from different regions of Ukraine using the RT-PCR method proved the circulation of highly virulent strains. The phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the endemic strain of PED virus is included in the cluster of North American strains and the Chinese strains. Important is the fact that it is not included in the group of European low- virulent S-INDEL strains. Thus, the obtained data indicate a high probability that the PED virus was introduced into Ukraine from the territory of the Asian continent or the United States of America (a high probability that the PED virus was translocated from the territory of the Asian continent or the United States of America into Ukraine).
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44

Mookerjee, Vikram G., Alexander J. Kammien, Adnan Prsic, Jonathan N. Grauer, and David L. Colen. "Wide Awake Trigger Finger Releases Performed in the United States." Annals of Plastic Surgery 91, no. 2 (August 2023): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/sap.0000000000003646.

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Background Trigger finger release (TFR) has traditionally been performed in outpatient operating rooms. More recently, TFR may be performed in the office setting to achieve greater efficiency and cost savings. Methods The 2010–2020 Q2 PearlDiver M91Ortho data set was analyzed for cases of TFR. Exclusion criteria were age less than 18 years, <30 days of postoperative records, concomitant hand surgery, monitored anesthesia use, and inpatient surgery. Age, sex, and Elixhauser comorbidity index were recorded. Operating room and office procedures were matched 4:1 based on patient characteristics. Total and physician reimbursement for the day of surgery, as well as 30-day narcotics prescriptions, emergency department (ED) visits, and surgical site infections (SSI) were determined. Results Before matching, TFRs were found to be increasingly performed in the office (from 7.9% in 2010 to 14.6% in 2020). Matched cohorts consisted of 63,951 operating room and 15,992 office procedures. Office procedures had lower mean total reimbursements ($435 vs $752, P < 0.001), slightly lower mean physician reimbursements ($420 vs $460, P < 0.001), and lower rates of narcotic prescriptions (30.5% vs 50.5%, P < 0.001) and 30-day ED visits (2.2% vs 2.9%, P < 0.05). There was no difference in 30-day SSI (0.5% vs 0.6%, P = 0.374). Conclusions In-office TFR is becoming increasingly prevalent. After matching, in-office TFRs were associated with lesser costs to the system, lower narcotic prescriptions, and fewer postoperative ED visits, without increased SSI. Although it is important to perform procedures in the best location for the patient, physician, and system, the current study supports the increased value offered by in-office TFR.
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Pribbenow, Merle L. "General Võõ Nguyêên Giááp and the Mysterious Evolution of the Plan for the 1968 Tết Offensive." Journal of Vietnamese Studies 3, no. 2 (2008): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/vs.2008.3.2.1.

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The 1968 Tết Offensive was the brainchild of Communist Party Secretary Lêê Duẩn and General Văn Tiến Dũũng. The Hàà Nội government wanted to exploit the 1968 US presidential elections by opening negotiations with the United States. When General Võõ Nguyêên Giááp failed to devise a workable plan to win a military victory to give the communists leverage in the planned negotiations, Lêê Duẩn and Văn Tiến Dũũng pushed the risky plan for a nationwide "general offensive" through a reluctant Politburo in spite of opposition from General Võõ Nguyêên Giááp and Hồ Chíí Minh.
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46

Katz, Harry C., and Noah M. Meltz. "Profit Sharing and Auto Workers' Earning: The United States vs Canada." Articles 46, no. 3 (April 12, 2005): 515–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/050693ar.

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In response to the 1981-82 recession and demands for concessions the auto workers in the United States (UAW) accepted contracts that shifted away from the three decades-old annual improvement factor and included profit sharing plans. In Canada the Canadian branch of the UAW negotiated wage increases that differed from those in the U.S. and did not include profit sharing. Over the period 1982 to 1989, in terms of direct monetary earnings alone, American auto workers received less than their Canadian counterparts. This paper examines the sources of the differences in earnings for each of General Motors, Ford and Chrysler.
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Díez Medrano, Juan. "Passion vs. the Iron Cage: United States and European Evaluative Cultures." Papers. Revista de Sociologia 98, no. 3 (July 1, 2013): 559. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/papers/v98n3.617.

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48

Menashri, David. "Iran, Israel, and the United States: Regime Security vs. Political Legitimacy." Iranian Studies 47, no. 2 (February 5, 2014): 367–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00210862.2013.860329.

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49

Backiel, Linda. "The People of Vieques, Puerto Rico vs. the United States Navy." Monthly Review 54, no. 9 (February 1, 2003): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14452/mr-054-09-2003-02_1.

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50

Van Bibber, Michael, Randall Zuckerman, and Samuel R. G. Finlayson. "Rural vs. urban inpatient case-mix differences in the United States." Journal of the American College of Surgeons 201, no. 3 (September 2005): S76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.06.174.

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