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1

Harrison-Hill, Tracey, and n/a. "Implications of Long Haul Travel on the Marketing of International Tourism." Griffith University. School of Tourism and Hotel Management, and School of Marketing and Management, 2001. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060104.134512.

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Tracking studies conducted by the Australian Tourist Commission (ATC) over the last decade have revealed that Australia has a high ranking as a desired destination among US residents. However prior to the peaked effect of the Olympics, this desire had not translated into increasing numbers of visitor arrivals from the US. As travel to Australia from the US is time consuming and involves extremes of physical distance, it would be to Australia's advantage to understand better the dimensions and ramifications of long haul travel with regard to destination choice. This thesis has two objectives: to assess the extent to which a destination being a long haul from its target market affects the choice of this destination; and to consider the marketing implications of the above with a focus on the selection of Australia, as compared to competitive destinations, by the US holiday market. Data were collected from two samples: the West Coast of the US and the East Coast of Australia. The instrument for the US sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance in selecting a long haul destination, perceptions of the long haul destinations of Australia and Italy, and sociodemographics. The instrument for the Australian sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance for both long haul and short haul destination selection, perceptions of the long haul destination of the US and the short haul destination of New Zealand, and sociodemographics. This data were then used to test nine hypotheses designed to give insight into the research objectives. The results indicate that tourists place differing degrees of importance on attributes of a long haul destination as compared to a short haul destination for a vacation. It also demonstrates that tourists' perceptions of the distance to destinations are often highly inaccurate and that this inaccuracy is related neither to actual distance nor choice set placement. The cognitive distance is however directly related to perceptions of cost of travelling to the destination. A conundrum was also established in that the distance to Australia was overestimated and related positively with the choice of the destination. Yet at the same time the overestimation led to increasing perceptions of cost, travel time and risk, which indirectly had a negative impact on the choice of the destination. This far-off allure was not evident for the equidistant competitor, Italy, where the cognitive distance was underestimated. It was also found US respondent's place differing importance on the attributes they seek in a long haul destination as compared to the Australian respondents. Notably, the US market places a significantly higher importance on distance, even though their estimation of the distance between Australia and the US did not differ from the Australian estimate. Marketing implications for Australia as a long haul destination were then considered with an emphasis on redefining vacation distances in tourists' minds without relinquishing the far-off allure. The relationship between cognitive distance and perceptions of cost and time in comparison to competitors were driving the need for redefining distance. Emphasis was placed on delivering information to tourists during their decision process when their involvement and information processing was highest. Direction was also given for future research that would be useful for travel marketers in gaining additional insight into their long haul target markets.
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2

Harrison-Hill, Tracey. "Implications of Long Haul Travel on the Marketing of International Tourism." Thesis, Griffith University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366395.

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Tracking studies conducted by the Australian Tourist Commission (ATC) over the last decade have revealed that Australia has a high ranking as a desired destination among US residents. However prior to the peaked effect of the Olympics, this desire had not translated into increasing numbers of visitor arrivals from the US. As travel to Australia from the US is time consuming and involves extremes of physical distance, it would be to Australia's advantage to understand better the dimensions and ramifications of long haul travel with regard to destination choice. This thesis has two objectives: to assess the extent to which a destination being a long haul from its target market affects the choice of this destination; and to consider the marketing implications of the above with a focus on the selection of Australia, as compared to competitive destinations, by the US holiday market. Data were collected from two samples: the West Coast of the US and the East Coast of Australia. The instrument for the US sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance in selecting a long haul destination, perceptions of the long haul destinations of Australia and Italy, and sociodemographics. The instrument for the Australian sample collected information on the respondents' choice set structure, attribute importance for both long haul and short haul destination selection, perceptions of the long haul destination of the US and the short haul destination of New Zealand, and sociodemographics. This data were then used to test nine hypotheses designed to give insight into the research objectives. The results indicate that tourists place differing degrees of importance on attributes of a long haul destination as compared to a short haul destination for a vacation. It also demonstrates that tourists' perceptions of the distance to destinations are often highly inaccurate and that this inaccuracy is related neither to actual distance nor choice set placement. The cognitive distance is however directly related to perceptions of cost of travelling to the destination. A conundrum was also established in that the distance to Australia was overestimated and related positively with the choice of the destination. Yet at the same time the overestimation led to increasing perceptions of cost, travel time and risk, which indirectly had a negative impact on the choice of the destination. This far-off allure was not evident for the equidistant competitor, Italy, where the cognitive distance was underestimated. It was also found US respondent's place differing importance on the attributes they seek in a long haul destination as compared to the Australian respondents. Notably, the US market places a significantly higher importance on distance, even though their estimation of the distance between Australia and the US did not differ from the Australian estimate. Marketing implications for Australia as a long haul destination were then considered with an emphasis on redefining vacation distances in tourists' minds without relinquishing the far-off allure. The relationship between cognitive distance and perceptions of cost and time in comparison to competitors were driving the need for redefining distance. Emphasis was placed on delivering information to tourists during their decision process when their involvement and information processing was highest. Direction was also given for future research that would be useful for travel marketers in gaining additional insight into their long haul target markets.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Tourism and Hotel Management
Griffith Business School
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3

Dasso, Michael W. "Analysis of the United States Hop Market." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2015. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1419.

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Hops are one of the four main ingredients used to produce beer. Many studies have been done to analyze the science behind growing and harvesting hops, creating hop hybrids, and how to brew beer with hops. However, there has been little research done revolving around the economic demand and supply model of the hop market. The objectives of this study are to create an econometric model of supply and demand of hops in the United States from 1981 to 2012, and to identify important exogenous variables that explain the supply and demand of hops using the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method of analysis. Using the 2SLS method, the demand model yielded that the US beer production variable is significant at the 10 percent level. For every 1 percent change in US beer production, there will be a 6.25 percent change in quantity of hops demanded in the same direction. The supply model showed that US acreage is significant at the 1 percent level. For every 1 percent change in US acreage, there will be a 0.889 percent change in quantity of hops supplied in the same direction. The implications of this study are viewed in relation to both producers and consumers.
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4

Qureshi, Zaina Parvez. "Market Discontinuation of Pharmaceuticals in the United States." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1250572741.

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5

Clark, John H. Tucker Joshua L. "A strategic market analysis of the Open Market Corridor /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FClark.pdf.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
"MBA professional report."--Cover. Thesis advisor(s): Ron Tudor, Rodney E. Tudor. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-53). Also available online.
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6

Zhu, Liye. "Three essays on the United States health insurance market." Ann Arbor, Mich. : ProQuest, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3220413.

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Thesis (Ph.D. in Economics)--S.M.U.
Title from PDF title page (viewed July 20, 2007). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-05, Section: A, page: 1847. Adviser: Daniel L. Millimet. Includes bibliographical references.
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7

Lyon, Mark Evan. "Improved market research in United States Marine Corps field contracting." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1994. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA293671.

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Thesis (M.S. in Management) Naval Postgraduate School, December 1994.
Thesis advisor(s): Mark W. Stone, Rebecca J. Adams. "December 1994." Bibliography: p. 95. Also available on microform. Also available online.
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8

Choi, Seok Joon. "Three essays on agent behavior in United States housing market." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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9

Senteri, Zulkifli Bin. "An econometric analysis of the United States palm oil market." The Ohio State University, 1985. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392718329.

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10

Senteri, Zulkifli Bin. "An econometric analysis of the United States palm oil market /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487262513408123.

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11

Kulkarni, Veena S. "Asians in the United States labor market 'winners' or 'losers' ? /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8581.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Sociology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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12

Weber, Matthew August. "Riparian Valuation in the Southwestern United States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195121.

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This research documents the societal worth of riparian resources in the Southwestern United States. Two case studies are developed for this inquiry, the first being Aravaipa Canyon Wilderness in Southern Arizona, an area containing one of the last perennial streams in the Sonoran Desert bioregion. A hiking use value per visitor-day is estimated via the Travel Cost Method at $25.06 and $17.31 (2003 dollars) respectively for two access sites. I hypothesize the value discrepancy to indicate a premium for remote recreation. These valuation results compare well with other published recreational use value estimates, though it is the only valuation study associated with instream recreation in the Sonoran Desert of which I am aware. Indeed the environmental valuation literature is thin for the desert region in any respect.The second case study values public restoration preferences for the Albuquerque reach of the Rio Grande in Central New Mexico. A Choice Experiment and Contingent Valuation are employed within an original survey instrument to estimate human values for various restoration strategies planned for the region. Through focus groups and stakeholder interactions four restoration attributes were defined: vegetation density; tree type; fish and wildlife population; and natural river processes. Quantified values for Albuquerque area households were estimated for each restoration attribute level of change, allowing construction of total benefits anticipated for various restoration scenarios considered for the region. This research is at the vanguard of quantifying human benefit for saltcedar control, and this particular restoration characteristic was the most highly valued of all, at $59.03 per household per year. Full restoration was valued at $156.60 per household per year. These results have meaning beyond the study area since river restoration efforts are increasing across the Western US, with many focusing on controlling saltcedar, an exotic invasive plant.The final phase of this research integrates riparian valuation concepts within a dynamic simulation framework to guide systems-level riparian management. Control variables are combined with known valuation pathways to predict riparian investment funding optimal in benefit-cost ratio. The model is built for the Middle Rio Grande in Albuquerque, however it was designed for easy adaptation to other Southwestern riparian areas. A detailed forest module is included, through which seven defined forest stocks may be managed through thinning, clearing, and revegetation. River management may occur through environmental river flow releases, reconstructing stream-overbank connections, and wetland construction. Recreational amenities may be improved through the four infrastructure categories of trails, toilet facilities, picnic areas, and parking areas. Benefits and costs are estimated through original research and region benefit transfer, and tracked for different investment scenarios to predict the highest-return strategies over a 100 year planning horizon. A sensitivity analysis is used to suggest areas of future research.
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13

Economopoulos, Andrew James. "Impact of free banking on the free banking market." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54288.

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This dissertation examines the free banking laws of seven states and the impact of three provisions of the laws on the states' banking experience. In Chapter I, a review of two current theories of the free banking experience is presented. One theory contends that the laws themselves induced the banking experience of the states. The second theory asserts that economic activity induced the banking experience. This study includes a discussion of both theories in the analysis of the provision's effect on the banking experience. In Chapter II, a simple model of the operations of a free bank is presented. Also, the laws of the seven states that determine the establishment and the operations of a free bank are reviewed. The review reveals that the states enacted similar provisions, but restrictions included in the provisions differ considerably. In Chapter III, the experiences of the states are examined. The states represent a spectrum of banking experiences. The experiences of each state are characterized by four measures; the entry rate, the failure rate, the below par rate, and the average loss per dollar. Each of these measures reflects a different aspect of banking behavior and each is examined in order to determine the effect of the provision and the effect of economic activity on the behavior of the free banks. The analysis shows that both the provisions and the economic activity influence bank behavior. In Chapter IV, a theoretical analysis of the effect of the stockholders liability provision on entry and on the bank's portfolio is developed. The theory shows that an increase in the stockholders liability of a free bank reduces entry into the free banking market and increases the risky asset-capital ratio of the free bank. The testing of the theories is presented in Chapter V. The empirical evidence confirms the hypothesis that an increase in the liability of the stockholders increases the risky asset-capital ratio. The evidence does not confirm the hypothesis that an increase in the liability of the stockholder reduces entry.
Ph. D.
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14

Cann, Joseph Patrick. "Structural Change of the Western United States Alfalfa Hay Market and its Effects of the Western United States Dairy Industry." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2118.

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Alfalfa is the fourth largest commodity grown in the Western U.S., representing 20% of the crop acreage over the past twenty years. In the last five years alfalfa hay price has doubled from what it was previously, indicating a possible structural change in the market. This research project was completed to test for this structural change using econometric analysis of the important demand components of alfalfa price. In addition to this, simulations of an average Utah dairy were completed to examine which ratio of forage crops provided the highest economic return to the operation. To analyze the structural change of the alfalfa hay market milk price, feeder price, commodity price, dairy inventory, alfalfa ending stocks, alfalfa exports, a structural shift dummy variable, and two proxy variables representing costs and quality were regressed, explaining 76% of the variation in alfalfa hay price. A Chow-test of the divided data set provided evidence that a structural change occurred in the alfalfa hay market circa 1994. Percent changes in the independent variables and corresponding changes in alfalfa price were calculated, showing that milk price has the largest influence over alfalfa price. An in-sample forecast showed that the regression was able to predict alfalfa hay price to within an average of $14 of the actual price over the time frame included in the analysis. The simulation of an average Utah dairy was done at three levels of production: 18,300 lbs, 22,500 lbs., and 26,700 lbs. production. Within each level of production the alfalfa to corn silage ratio was varied to represent 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25%, respectively, of the dry matter forage requirement. It was found that return to management was the greatest when alfalfa was 25% of the ration and at the lowest when alfalfa was 75% of the ration at all levels of production.
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15

Cann, Joseph. "Structural change of the Western United States alfalfa hay market and its effect on the Western United States dairy industry." Thesis, Utah State University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1584291.

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ABSTRACT Structural Change of the Western United States Alfalfa Hay Market and its Effect on the Western United States Dairy Industry by Joseph Cann, Master of Science Utah State University, 2014 Major Professor: Dr. Donald Snyder Department: Applied Economics Alfalfa is the fourth largest commodity grown in the Western U.S., representing 20% of the crop acreage over the past twenty years. In the last five years alfalfa hay price has doubled from what it was previously, indicating a possible structural change in the market. This research project was completed to test for this structural change using econometric analysis of the important demand components of alfalfa price. In addition to this, simulations of an average Utah dairy were completed to examine which ratio of forage crops provided the highest economic return to the operation. To analyze the structural change of the alfalfa hay market milk price, feeder price, commodity price, dairy inventory, alfalfa ending stocks, alfalfa exports, a structural shift dummy variable, and two proxy variables representing costs and quality were regressed, explaining 76% of the variation in alfalfa hay price. A Chow-test of the divided data set provided evidence that a structural change occurred in the alfalfa hay market circa 1994. Percent changes in the independent variables and corresponding changes in alfalfa price were calculated, showing that milk price has the largest influence over alfalfa price. An in-sample forecast showed that the regression was able to predict alfalfa hay price to within an average of $14 of the actual price over the time frame included in the analysis. The simulation of an average Utah dairy was done at three levels of production: 18,300 lbs, 22,500 lbs., and 26,700 lbs. production. Within each level of production the alfalfa to corn silage ratio was varied to represent 25/75, 50/50, and 75/25%, respectively, of the dry matter forage requirement. It was found that return to management was the greatest when alfalfa was 25% of the ration and at the lowest when alfalfa was 75% of the ration at all levels of production.

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16

Bellemare, Guy. "Capital market segmentation, the case of Canada and the United States." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape16/PQDD_0001/NQ27876.pdf.

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17

Ide, Yoshinori. "Liberalization of international air transport in the Japan-United States market." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0001/MQ44062.pdf.

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18

Brett, Bridget C. "Potential market for LNG-fueled marine vessels in the United States." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/44920.

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Thesis (S.M. in Ocean Systems Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2008.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-97).
The growing global concern over ship emissions in recent years has driven policy change at the international level toward more stringent vessel emissions standards. The policy change has also been an impetus for innovation and increased attention being paid to existing technologies in marine engineering that lessen ship emissions. It is estimated that the share of emissions from shipping to total global emissions is increasing, as world trade grows, and land-based emissions sources become cleaner. Shipping currently accounts for 2-4% of CO₂, 10-20% of NOx and 4-8% of SO₂ global emissions. Gas turbines and gas engines, hybrid diesel-gas systems, and dual fuel diesel electric engines are examples of the existing engine system technology that can burn natural gas as a fuel and lessen ship emissions. Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) fueled vessels in the gas burning mode result in the elimination of all SO₂ emissions, and reduced NOx, CO₂, and particulate matter emissions compared to the emissions from a typical vessel powered by marine diesel. While the capital costs for the LNG-fueled systems are higher than for a typical diesel system, cost savings are generated due to the fact that LNG is historically less expensive than the other relatively lower-emissions fossil fuels, and the engine life is longer than a typical diesel engine. This study determines the feasibility of an LNG-fueled passenger and/or commerce market in the United States by analyzing the success of the current LNG-fueled activity around the world, incorporating the complexities of promoting LNG facilities in the United States, and the current LNG successes, both land-based and shore-side, in the United States.
by Bridget C. Brett.
S.M.in Ocean Systems Management
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19

Gamber, Joanne. "The Level of Market Alignment Between the United States and France." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1111685544.

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20

Keliher, Macabe. "Americans in eastern Asia, revisited Anglo-American rivalry and the China market /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 2007. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?1442231.

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21

Vassiliou, Constantinos. "U.S. terrorism insurance market the case of government intervention /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/595.

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22

Cacho, Joyce Agnes Sabina. "United States competitiveness in soybean trade : loss market share in the Japanese soybean import market /." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-08222009-040252/.

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23

Bizzotto, Magalhaes Garcia Rafael. "International Market Assessment and Entry – United States’ Fast Casual Firm Entering the Brazilian Food Market." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1560964690816666.

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24

Ramaswami, Narayanaswamy Accounting Australian School of Business UNSW. "Voluntary Disclosure and the Role of Product Market Competition: A Study of Disclosures in Press Releases by U.S. Companies." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Accounting, 2001. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/18643.

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A firm provides voluntary disclosures to the financial market in order to guide the valuation of its shares by mitigating adverse selection. However, voluntary disclosures could cause detriment to the disclosing firm's prospects, as the firm's competitors in the product market observe the disclosures. Prior analytical research has conflicting positions about the role of product market competition in voluntary disclosure. One view (Verrecchia 1983) is that competitive disadvantage resulting from the existence of proprietary costs discourages firms in high competition industries from providing voluntary disclosures. Another view (Darrough and Stoughton 1990) is that firms provide voluntary disclosures to deter potential rivals from entering the industry. This paper examines the association between voluntary disclosure and product market competition after controlling for firm size, analyst following, firm performance, and access to external financing. It looks at disclosures in press releases, an issue that is relatively unexplored, even though press releases have become one of the most important channels of communication in the United States. A total of 5,587 press releases by 156 U.S. firms in 1998 are studied. Product market competition is measured by the Herfindahl- Hirschman Index. It is found that the firms in high competition industries provide, on average, greater voluntary disclosures than the firms in low competition industries. The results are found to be robust to revisions in the specification of the model and modifications in the sample.
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Johnson, Jodien M. Mencken Frederick Carson. "Federal employment concentration and regional process in nonmetropolitan America." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/5238.

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Unti, Marco <1981&gt. "The secondary market for life insurance policies in the United States market evolution and product valuation." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2432/.

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In this work we discuss the secondary market for life insurance policies in the United States of America. First, we give an overview of the life settlement market: how it came into existence, its growth prospects and the ethical issues it arises. Secondly, we discuss the characteristics of the different life insurance products present in the market and describe how life settlements are originated. Life settlement transactions tend to be long and complex transactions that require the involvement of a number of parties. Also, a direct investment into life insurance policies is fraught with a number of practical issues and entails risks that are not directly related to longevity. This may reduce the efficiency of a direct investment in physical policies. For these reasons, a synthetic longevity market has evolved. The number of parties involved in a synthetic longevity transaction is typically smaller and the broker-dealer transferring the longevity exposure will be retaining most or all of the risks a physical investment entails. Finally, we describe the main methods used in the market to evaluate life settlement investments and the role of life expectancy providers.
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Kuo, Yu-Chen. "Marriage, fertility, and labor market prospects in the United States, 1960-2000." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2561.

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Over the past forty years a tremendous number of women have entered the labor market, removing stay-home motherhood as the most dominant female occupation. The linkage between the change in the labor market and change in family structure has drawn a lot of attention from social scientists, and it is on this linkage that this analysis is focused. An essential dimension of this changing behavior is the sharp rise in out-ofwedlock childbearing. The central issue of non-married motherhood is more related to the diminishing willingness to marry than a changing attitude toward fertility. In a setting where individuals choose marriage because of the gains from joint production of child quality as well as the division of labor, the declining gains from specialization for men influence potential spouse selection. Men and women with fewer labor market prospects become less desirable, and consequently a marriage market with more positive assortative mating will be observed. The increase in female labor market participation is larger for highly-educated women but the decrease in marriage rates is more characteristic of less-educated women over this period. What drives these changes can be explained by using a simple economic theory, the fundamental concept of which is that couples with lower labor market prospects also face lower gains from marriage because of the increases in femalemale relative wages in the less-educated and black groups. A narrowing of the gap between male and female wages would reduce the gains from division of labor and lower the incentive to marry. In addition, when the marriage market becomes more positively assorted, low educated men and women are less likely to marry each other. Our empirical results indicate an increase in the homogeneity of wages between spouses over this period regardless of whether we control for education. In particular, black couples are more positively assorted than white couples although the trend converges by the end of the century. We also show that the marriage market is tilted towards better-educated men and women over the period. These findings are consistent with the theory which explains why single motherhood is more concentrated among lesseducated women.
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Youn, Hwa-young. "Co-branding strategy for imported children's programming in the United States market /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1079668391&sid=26&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Sethi, Rosh Kumar Viasha. "Technology Adoption in the United States: The Impact of Hospital Market Competition." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://etds.lib.harvard.edu/hms/admin/view/57.

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Objectives: Technological innovation in medicine is a significant driver of healthcare spending growth in the United States. Factors driving adoption and utilization of new technology is poorly understood, however market forces may play a significant role. Vascular surgery has experienced a surge in development of new devices and serves as an ideal case study. Specifically, the share of total abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) repairs performed by endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) increased rapidly from 32% in 2001 to 65% in 2006 with considerable variation between states. This paper hypothesizes that that hospitals in competitive markets were early EVAR adopters and had improved AAA repair outcomes. Methods: The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) and linked Hospital Market Structure (HMS) data was queried for patients who underwent repair for non-ruptured AAA in 2003. In HMS the Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI, range 0-1) is a validated and widely accepted economic measure of competition. Hospital markets were defined using a variable geographic radius that encompassed 90% of discharged patients. Bivariable and multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses were performed for the dependent variable of EVAR use. A propensity score-adjusted multivariate logistic regression model was used to control for treatment bias in the assessment of competition on AAA-repair outcomes. Results: A weighted total of 21,600 patients was included in the analyses. Patients at more competitive hospitals (lower HHI) were at increased odds of undergoing EVAR vs. open repair (Odds Ratio 1.127 per 0.1 decrease in HHI, P<0.0127) after adjusting for patient demographics, co-morbidities and hospital level factors (bed size, teaching status, AAA repair volume and ownership). Competition was not associated with differences in in-hospital mortality or vascular, neurologic or other minor post-operative complications. Conclusion: Greater hospital competition is significantly associated with increased EVAR adoption at a time when diffusion of this technology passed its tipping point. Hospital competition does not influence post-AAA repair outcomes. These results suggest that adoption of novel technology is not solely driven by clinical indications, but may also be influenced by market forces.
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30

Mah, Hared. "Labor Market Experiences of Hispanic and Black Immigrants in the United States." OpenSIUC, 2019. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1700.

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31

Yang, Hengsheng. "China market between myth and reality : U.S.-China economic entanglements during China's age of reform /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium, 1997. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9808859.

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32

McLean, Caitlin Camille. "Market-based childcare & maternal employment : a comparison of systems in the United States & United Kingdom." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25694.

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A vast literature has identified the importance of childcare for understanding cross-national variation in women’s employment, and has particularly emphasised the role of the state in ensuring the delivery of services. This thesis explores variation within market-based childcare systems in order to understand how systems with less state provision may support or constrain maternal employment. The thesis argues that understanding whether childcare markets ‘work’ or not in supporting maternal employment requires a deep understanding of the interplay between market and state, as the specific policy approach taken can shape the structure of the market in profoundly different ways. This issue is explored via comparative case studies of the United States and the United Kingdom, two countries known for their market-based approach to childcare, but with stark and persistent differences in maternal employment behaviour, especially working time. Drawing on a mix of qualitative (policy documents) and quantitative (national statistics) data, the US and UK systems are compared along a series of dimensions comprising the two key components of the market-based system: the structure of market provision and the policy approach. The similarities and differences of these systems are analysed through the lens of the characteristics of services known to be important for the use of care for employment purposes: availability, cost and quality. The United States and United Kingdom have generally similar childcare systems when compared to other countries which rely more heavily on the state or the family to ensure childcare provision, which is in line with their common characterisation as liberal welfare regimes. However, there are important differences in the structure of their childcare markets which affect their ability to support maternal employment: for example, the US market poses fewer affordability constraints for maternal employment given the availability of relatively low cost care provision (albeit of questionable quality); the UK market in contrast provides care at higher cost, although this is likely of better quality. This variation in market provision is shaped by differences in the policy approach taken by each country: the US approach is primarily designed to soften the rougher edges of the market in what is otherwise considered a private sphere; in contrast the UK approach actively attempts to shape the childcare market into a system in line with policy goals. The consequence of this is that the US approach does not prevent a wide range of market provision from forming to cater to diverse tastes and budgets, but this necessarily includes a substantial degree of lower quality care. The UK approach more actively constrains the types of provision which are available, which on the one hand reduces supply and contributes to higher cost provision, but also sets higher standards for care provision. Together these findings suggest that understanding how market-based care systems do or do not support maternal employment requires not only an appreciation of the broader institutional context in which they are situated, but also the intended and unintended ways that policy-making can shape their structure.
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33

Wallace, Thomas Henry. "Capital constraints to the acquisition of new technology by small business in high technology industries." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30347.

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34

Albrecht, William David. "The determinants of the market reaction to an announcement of a change in auditor." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39947.

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The Securities and Exchange Conunission (1974) has stated that the one of the fundamental underpinnings of federal securities law is the external auditor opinion of registrant financial statements. The SEC believes that the corporate practice of voluntary auditor change may be perceived by the investing public as attempted opinion shopping. The monitoring hypothesis of Jensen and Meckling (1976), on the other hand, posits that companies may change auditors in an attempt to control net agency costs. The objective of this dissertation is determine if the monitoring hypothesis is descriptive of the phenomenon of voluntary auditor change. The monitoring hypothesis posits that changes in net agency costs are related to the change in auditor quality at the time of an auditor change. and that both changes in agency costs and change in auditor quality are related to the market reaction to the auditor change. Auditor changes from 1980 to 1986 for New York Stock Exchange and American Stock Exchange companies were analyzed. The results indicate that changes in agency costs are related to change in auditor quality, as measured by the difference, from the old auditor to the new, in the auditor's share of the industry audit fees for the company that is changing auditors. Significant variables that measure changes in agency costs aregrowth in company sales, change in long-term compensation plans, and change in the dividend payout ratio. The results also indicate that changes in agency costs are related to market reaction to a change in auditors, but that the change in auditor quality is not. Variables that are significant in explaining the relationship are change in the debt ratio, change in the holdings of the largest stockholder, and prior receipt of a qualified opinion or disclosure of a disagreement between the company and the previous auditor. The results provide strong support for the monitoring hypothesis and weak support for the opinion shopping hypothesis.
Ph. D.
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35

Zia, Mujtaba. "Bank Capital, Efficient Market Hypothesis, and Bank Borrowing During the Financial Crisis of 2007 and 2008." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699938/.

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During the Great Recession of 2007 and 2008, liquidity and credit dried up, threatening the stability of financial institutions, particularly the banking firms. Traditional source of funds from the last resort, the Discount Window of the Federal Reserve System, failed to remedy the liquidity problem. To assuage the liquidity and credit problem, the Federal Reserve System established several emergency lending facilities and provided unprecedented amount of loans to the banking industry. Using a dataset published by Bloomberg LLP in the aftermaths of the financial crisis, which contains daily loan balances from the Fed, I conduct an event study to test whether financial markets are efficient in reflecting all public, anticipated and classified information in security prices. The most important contribution of this dissertation to the finance discipline and literature is the investigation and analysis of the Fed’s unprecedented loans to the banking industry during the Great Recession and the market reaction to it. The second major contribution of this study is the empirical test of strong form efficient market hypothesis, which has not been feasible due to legal data challenges. This dissertation has other contributions to the finance discipline and banking research. First, I develop an algorithm for measuring the amount of borrowing by banks. Second, I introduce a new “loan balance” ratio to traditional list of bank financial ratios. Third, I use event study methodologies to allow for cross-correlation, heteroscedasticity and event induced-variance change in studying US banks’ performance during the Great Recession.
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36

Kleinknecht, Wolfram. "Strategic Market Planning : Setting Short- and Long Range Marketing Objectives for U.S. Subsidiaries of German Firms." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1987. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278816/.

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The purpose of this dissertation was to conduct empirical exploratory research to determine whether marketing strategic objectives of U.S. subsidiaries of German firms would differ, given firms' differences in perception of competitive position and market trends.
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37

Gopalakrishnan, Venkataraman. "Market Reactions to Accounting Policy Deliberations the Case of Pensions (SFAS No. 87)." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332275/.

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This study had two basic objectives. The first was to determine the stock market reactions to the pension policy deliberations. The second was to further our understanding of the significance of the FASB's due process. The author selected 13 critical events that preceded passage of SFAS No. 87 and designed a quasi experiment to examine the stock market reaction around the above events. Two portfolios were constructed to test the hypotheses. The first portfolio consisted of firms in the experimental group (firms sponsoring a defined benefit pension plan) and the second portfolio consisted of firms in the control group (firms sponsoring a defined contribution pension plan). The two portfolios were matched on the basis of SIC code, debt to equity ratio and assets.
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38

Wheatley, Clark M. "Market capitalization and earnings persistence : the earnings response coefficients of tax generated earnings changes /." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-06062008-171229/.

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39

Chavis, James T. Cheatham James Gonzalez Vaughn Ibanez Rolando Nalwasky Richard Rios Martin Turner Marco A. "Examination of the Open Market Corridor /." Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Dec%5FChavis%5FMBA.pdf.

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Thesis (M.B.A.)--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2003.
"MBA professional report"--Cover. Joint authors: James Cheatham, Vaughn Gonzalez 2nd, Rolando Ibanez, Richard Nalwasky, Martin Rios, Marco A. Turner. Thesis advisor(s): Ron Tudor, Rod Tudor. Includes bibliographical references (p. 227-237). Also available online.
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40

Iniguez, Christian R. "Demand shifts in outlet selection in the United States market for fresh flowers." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011838.

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41

Kess, Lauren. "Creating a Risk Pool of Defunctness in the United States’ Higher Education Market." Otterbein University Distinction Theses / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbndist1620463295558415.

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42

Laffman, John D. "A Random Coefficient Analysis of the United States Gasoline Market From 1960-1995." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34489.

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This study uses a random coefficient estimation procedure to analyze the U.S. gasoline market from 1960-1995 with three main objectives: (1) provide an empirical methodology that can estimate a gasoline demand function capable of performing well in prediction; (2) evaluate the elasticities of the models presented to determine which model is more accurate at capturing supply shocks that impacted gasoline demand; and (3) evaluate the behavior of the elasticites of the beta coefficients. This research will show that the variation from historical economic patterns was a result of supply shocks. I argue that when the OLS model of the gasoline market developed by William H. Greene is used supply shocks are not well captured because the coefficients are fixed. If the random coefficient model developed by P.A.V.B. Swamy is introduced, the coefficients vary over time, and thereby, enable supply shocks to be included in the model and more accurate forecasts are produced, as well as, meaningful time patterns in the beta coefficients.
Master of Arts
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43

Jankovska, Olivera. "New Market Access in Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Imports to the United States." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43912.

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Imports of fresh fruits and vegetables to the United States have grown by more than 350 percent since 1989. Factors such as rising consumer incomes, the desire for greater variety and availability of fresh produce throughout the year, and a reduction in trade barriers through multi-lateral and bi-lateral trade agreements have contributed to this growth in imports. In addition, since the implementation of the Agreement on Agriculture and the Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures from the Uruguay Round of the World Trade Organization negotiations, there have been numerous requests to export fresh fruits and vegetables to the United States. From 1996 to 2008, the United States has granted new market access to 204 exporter/commodity combinations. Given this large increase in new market access, this thesis assesses the success of the new entrants in terms of contributing to the increase in fresh fruit and vegetable imports and whether they exported on a continual basis after gaining import eligibility. In addition, this thesis estimates a gravity model to assess the differences in fresh fruit and vegetable exports from new entrants subject to phytosanitary measures relative to those with no such restrictions in place and to determine whether these effects vary by commodity sector and exporterâ s size. The major finding of this thesis is that in general, new entrants have contributed little to the growth in U.S. fresh fruit and vegetable imports. For most commodities, new entrants do not provide a significant proportion of imports potentially because new entrants are not able to compete with existing suppliers. This study finds differences in fresh fruit and vegetable exports from new entrants subject to specific phytosanitary treatments relative to entrants with no such restrictions in place.
Master of Science
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44

Bruin, Thomas M. "Real estate investment trusts and market sentiment in the United States & Europe." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-2/rp/bruint/thomasbruin.pdf.

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45

Patel, Apurva Ashok. "An analysis of Nescafé in the United States and India." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2390.

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46

Hoe, Ruan. "Is migration a solution to the earnings loss of the displaced workers in the segmented labor market in the U.S.?" Diss., Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40157.

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Earnings loss due to both lower wages at the current job and the time forgone between two jobs is one of the major consequences of job displacement caused by plant closing, moving and downsizing in the 1980s. Is migration a solution? The present study attempts to answer this question empirically by exploring five waves of data on the displaced manufacturing workers from the CPS Displaced Workers Supplements. Human capital theory and neo-classica1 theory of labor migration both assert that migration should improve people's socio-economic status. They largely neglect social and economic structural constraints on the outcomes of individual behavior. From the dynamic segmentation perspective, this study hypothesizes that deindustrialization has been squeezing workers from the subordinate (lower-tier) primary segment down and thus such workers suffered more loss than their counterparts from the independent (upper-tier) segment; since deindustrialization primarily affected the core manufacturing industries, core workers suffered greater loss from displacement relative to their peripheral counterparts. In this context, this study further hypothesizes that migration will not benefit the workers from the subordinate primary segment as much as the workers from the independent primary segments. The empirical results confirm the main hypotheses of the present study: Workers displaced from the subordinate primary segment suffered more earnings loss and longer jobless duration than their counterparts from the independent primary segment. Workers from the core industries experienced longer jobless duration than their counterparts from the peripheral segment. Migration had no effect on the postdisplacement earnings and jobless duration for the displaced workers from either segment. The clear implication of these findings is that migration is no solution. Among other things, occupation/industry change when reemployed is an important factor causing earnings loss; formal educational attainment reduces earnings loss and shortens the jobless duration while work tenure on the pre-displacement job increases earnings loss and lengthens the jobless duration.
Ph. D.
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47

Choby, Willeam A. "Licensure and the dental market." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/43965.

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48

Fryer, Paul A. "Insider dealing and market manipulation : a comparative analysis of regulatory enforcement in the United Kingdom and United States." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/88270.

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49

Patrick, Diane Porter. "The Response of a Public School District to Charter School Competition: An Examination of Free-Market Effects." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2434/.

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The purpose of this study was to examine a school district's responses to charter schools operating within its boundaries. The selected district was the only one in the state with two large academically competitive charter schools for at least two years. Four questions guided the research: In terms of instruction, finance, communication, and leadership, how has the traditional district been impacted due to charter school existence? The exploratory research was timely since charter schools are proliferating as tax-supported public choice schools. While many have speculated about free-market effects of charter school competition on systemic educational reform, the debate has been chiefly along ideological lines; therefore, little empirical research addresses this issue. Quantitative and qualitative methodologies were used to present a comprehensive case study. Twenty-six school officials and teachers were interviewed; 159 teachers and 1576 parents were surveyed. District, community, and state education department documents were analyzed. Since charter schools have existed in the district, numerous activities have taken place. Instructional initiatives included a high school academy, expanded technology, gifted and talented, tutoring, and dropout prevention. All elementary and middle schools required uniforms. The district's state accountability rating improved from acceptable to recognized. A leadership void was perceived due to students leaving to attend charter schools initially. The district was perceived as making efforts to improve communication with the community. The financial impact of charter schools was neutralized due to the district's student population increase, property wealth, and state charter funding structure. The data supported all of the hypotheses in terms of the impact of charter schools in the district on these activities: free-market effects of charter school competition were not established as the primary reason for internal organizational changes that occurred in the district. Anecdotal evidence suggested that charter schools may have played some role, but primarily they seemed to reinforce trends already occurring in the district.
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50

Yun, Won-Cheol. "Tax treatment of trade in cattle futures : possible implications to market efficiency and price stability /." Thesis, This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-11242009-020149/.

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