Academic literature on the topic 'United States. Division of Cooperative Extension'
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Journal articles on the topic "United States. Division of Cooperative Extension"
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Saddoon N. Al-Majali. "JORDANIAN FOREIGN POLICY TOWARDS THE COUNTRIES OF THE GULF COOPERATION COUNCIL (1999-2019)." International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science, no. 9(21) (December 30, 2019): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_ijitss/30122019/6860.
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The study aimed to research the Jordanian foreign policy towards the Gulf Cooperation Council states during the period 1999-2019, as this period is an extension of the previous stages, as during which Jordanian relations with the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council were affected as a result of the second Gulf crisis 1990, and the events of September 2001, and what followed in light of the war on Iraq and its occupation by the United States of America, where the United States emerged as a unipolar force that dominates the world.The study showed that Jordanian foreign policy towards the Gulf Cooperation Council countries was affected by regional and international changes, as relations between Jordan and the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council were characterized by apathy and approached isolation as a result of Iraq’s occupation of Kuwait, but Jordanian relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council countries improved, as a result of The multiple visits made by King Abdullah II after he assumed power in 1999, to the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council, as Jordan's geopolitical position contributes to enhancing security and stability for the countries of the Council in exchange for Israeli expansionist ambitions, because Jordan looks at its security cooperation with the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) in the framework of the imperatives of mutual security, which posed this perspective as one of the dimensions in the Gulf of Jordan's foreign policy, which has not changed even in periods of Arab division, or during the boycott Cooperation Council (GCC) to Jordan.
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Surls, Rachel, Gail Feenstra, Sheila Golden, Ryan Galt, Shermain Hardesty, Claire Napawan, and Cheryl Wilen. "Gearing up to support urban farming in California: Preliminary results of a needs assessment." Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems 30, no. 1 (March 5, 2014): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1742170514000052.
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AbstractAccording to the United States Census, California is the most urban state in the nation. Although there are many outstanding examples of urban farms in California, in general, urban agriculture (UA) has been slower to gain momentum here than in some other states with large urban populations. Over the past several years, urban agriculture's popularity in California has begun to escalate, with strong emerging interest in San Francisco, San Jose, Oakland, San Diego, Los Angeles and other metropolitan communities. One challenge for urban farmers and municipal decision makers engaged with UA in California has been limited availability of relevant information and technical assistance. A new project team at the University of California Cooperative Extension, part of the Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources (UC ANR) is working to develop web-based educational resources that will be grounded in a needs assessment that is currently underway. The needs assessment includes a literature review, an internal survey of UC ANR personnel, and community clientele interviews. This paper will report on preliminary findings and analyses of the needs assessment, particularly how UC ANR personnel are engaged with UA, and what tools they think would best serve urban farmers. We suggest implications for those involved with UA, such as personnel of land-grant universities, local governments and non-profits seeking to address the needs of urban farmers in an environment of constrained resources.
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Moh’d Dyab Al-Nouimat, Abdalla, Mubarak Ateeq Sultan Alafreet Alkuwaiti, and Zhomart Zhengis. "The importance of the Caspian Sea in sustainability of the international competition for Central Asia." RIVISTA DI STUDI SULLA SOSTENIBILITA', no. 1 (August 2022): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/riss2022-001007.
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The fall of the former Soviet Union led to the disintegration of the republics and the formation of new republics on the international scene, especially those in Cen-tral Asia. This study aims at showing the advantages of the Caspian Sea in the Central Asian countries and the factors that contribute to its importance of sus-tainability in geographically and strategically plans. The methodology used in this study is qualitative, based on other studies, books, and articles. The results show that the Caspian Sea is targeted by many countries because of its great importance to Central Asian countries due to the number of natural resources and reserves therein, and the availability of natural gas and oil on its territory. On the other hand, the Caspian Region has much Geo-Strategic Importance point includes geopolitical significance because it is located at the in-tersection, which connected the Middle East, Central Asia, Europe, and the Cauca-sus, it is the only waterway for the new republics of Central Asia, also it is an im-portant source that provides food. however, all global small and big power has the objectives of controlling and exporting Caspian energy resources. Additionally, the Caspian Sea Region is useful for the united states plans to contain Iran or Russia and to diversify sources of gas and oil in order to limit the reliance on the Middle East. Although the "Aktau Summit" ended the dialectic of (the sea and the lake) and drew a new pattern of cooperation between the riparian states, it remains in front of two different paths. The first: is to encourage cooperation between the five countries, whether political or economic, and this is in light of the joint concern for the benefits resulting from cooperate. The second is the lack of benefit for this agreement in the basis and principle, and this may happen if the neighbouring countries disagree on the division of oil wealth among them, which is what many observers believe, in addition to the fact that the onslaughts on the extension of energy pipelines to Europe may push countries to Intensity in competition and from there the agreement may turn into a conflict that may cause a "cata-strophic" for the entire region. Hence, it can be said that the "Aktau Peak" may be a movement towards the front or just a move around. Just as the seriousness of the political equilibrium between the countries of the re-gion, its is extremely unfortunate to know that the "Aktau Summit" did not ad-dress the issue of protecting the vital environment of the Caspian Sea and its di-versity, and this serious issue has not received the necessary international attention so far.
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Siebert, John W., and John L. Park. "United Agricultural Cooperative: considering the sale of the agronomy division." International Food and Agribusiness Management Review 21, no. 5 (June 15, 2018): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.22434/ifamr2016.0119.
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This case study examines a common agricultural cooperative structure in the United States, namely that of a business which both sells farm supplies to its members and also markets, to others, the agricultural products of its members. The case concerns whether the United Agricultural Cooperative should sell the cooperative’s agronomy supply division. This division sells fertilizer, chemicals and seed. It also provides related services. The cooperative has received an acquisition inquiry from rapidly expanding agricultural retailer, Pinnacle Agricultural Holdings, LLC. The case allows readers to examine both detailed financial information as well as the cooperative’s political environment. The case ends with readers being asked to recommend a decision; namely should the cooperative sell the agronomy division or should it be kept? Professors can read the authors’ teaching note to learn recommended classroom teaching strategies and also to learn the actual decision which was made by this cooperative.
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Pardello, Renee, and Cari Michaels. "The United States Cooperative Extension System: Contributing to a Partnership System." Interdisciplinary Journal of Partnership Studies 7, no. 2 (December 16, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24926/ijps.v7i2.3507.
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How does an institution navigate current societal pressures and historical social inequities to move toward a partnerism system? Partnersim is defined as a socio-economic system that values and rewards caring for one another, nature, and our collective future. This article provides a preliminary look at two examples in which the University of Minnesota Extension is moving toward a partnership system. An analysis of results from surveys of two units, one of staff from the Center of Family Development and one of staff and board members from the Regional Sustainable Development Partnership, revealed four factors that influence organizations toward either a domination system or a partnership system. A discussion of the four factors addresses the challenges and the benefits of moving toward a partnership system.
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Willmott, J. D., and R. N. Freeman. "520 Northeast Greenhouse IPM Notes—Regional Cooperation and Digital Technology Enhances Information Delivery." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 484E—484. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.484e.
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Rutgers Cooperative Extension and Cornell Cooperative Extension initiated a regional newsletter the Northeast Greenhouse IPM Notes. The goal of the newsletter is to improve greenhouse pest management practices through promotion of timely integrated pest management information that applies to the unique problems faced in the Northeastern United States. Interstate cooperation maximizes the professional expertise and resources available through several Land Grant Institutions. Extension educators at Cornell, Rutgers, Penn State Univ., and the Universities of Maryland and Connecticut, actively contribute feature articles, pest updates and other timely information through e-mail: Internet communication facilitates communication. The newsletter is prepared monthly and sent to 282 greenhouse growers, extension professionals and allied industry representatives in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and other states. The newsletter is also published on the World Wide Web with color images of crop problems. Publishing of color images is facilitated by digital technology. This edition can be downloaded in color from the Rutgers Cooperative Extension Floriculture site: http://aesop.rutgers.edu/~floriculture/grower/ipmf.htm
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Rodgers, Michelle Skiles, and Monica Hobbs Vinluan. "Closing Thoughts: On the Power of Youth and System Change." Journal of Youth Development 13, no. 3 (September 18, 2018): 284–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2018.673.
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Change is happening in the Cooperative Extension System as the organization focuses its efforts on the overall goal of creating a culture of health in the United States. Well Connected Communities is a Cooperative Extension and National 4-H Council initiative supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation that involves modeling a systems-level approach to community efforts versus an individual prevention model. The initiative also engages the power of youth to catalyze progress for communities to achieve their best health and well-being.
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Ziegler, Troy J., and David M. Koch. "Undergraduate Research: A Pedagogical Experiment." Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 32, no. 7 (October 1988): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193128803200709.
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Students cooperatively conducted research experiments in an upper division cognitive psychology course in the Behavioral Sciences and Leadership Department at the United States Air Force Academy. The pedagogical structure of the course was modified to emphasize teaching cadets how to think versus what to think through the process of conducting research. Students were expected to cooperate in pairs to design and conduct their research. Cooperative research projects were used in the attempt to develop critical thinking skills and intrinsic motivation to excel. This paper presents the authors' views on the rationale and perceived benefits of cooperative research projects in upper division courses to develop critical thinking skills and intrinsic motivation.
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Meyer, Mary Hockenberry, and David Michener. "Academic, Internship, and Cooperative Extension Programs at Botanic Gardens." HortTechnology 23, no. 5 (October 2013): 635–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.23.5.635.
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Fifty-five online survey responses, 15 phone interviews, and 9 site visits were conducted to collect information on academic (for credit) classes, internships, and Cooperative Extension programs at botanic gardens and arboreta in the United States. Academic programs investigated were primarily instructional credit classes. Thirty-five (64%) of the respondents indicated their garden offers an entire or partial academic class on-site. The most limiting factor in offering more academic classes was faculty time or staff limitations, as indicated by 21 participants (38%). Thirty-one (56%) gardens offer some type of internship, although only 16 (30%) were offering an academic (for credit) internship. Respondents indicated extension involvement as follows: Extension Specialists/Extension Master Gardeners (EMG) teach classes on-site, 23 (42%); EMG training was held on-site, 17 (31%); EMG answered questions on-site, 16 (29%); and 26 (47%) indicated “other” extension collaboration. Sixty-six percent reported their working relationship with extension as minimal or fair as opposed to 33% who described their extension relationship as good to excellent. Examples of successful programs in these three areas are presented, which offer models for collaborative work between botanic gardens, academia, and extension.
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Bradford, Kent J., and Marc A. Cohn. "Seed biology and technology: At the crossroads and beyond. Introduction to the Symposium on Seed Biology and Technology: Applications and Advances and a prospectus for the future." Seed Science Research 8, no. 2 (June 1998): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960258500004062.
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The papers in this special section ofSeed Science Researchare products of a symposium on Seed Biology and Technology: Applications and Advances, held in Fort Collins, Colorado, on 13–16 August, 1997. The symposium was convened as a cooperative effort of Regional Research Project W-168 within the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Cooperative States Research, Extension and Education Service (CSREES) system. Regional Research Projects are authorized by the Hatch Act, which established the Agricultural Experiment Station (AES) system in the United States (US Code). This is a system in which land-grant institutions in each state conduct research and education programmes relevant to agriculture, the environment and society. Regional Research projects are a mechanism ‘for cooperative research in which two or more State agricultural experiment stations are cooperating to solve problems that concern the agriculture of more than one state.’ Such projects ‘can provide the solution to a problem of fundamental importance or fill an important gap in our knowledge from the standpoint of the present and future agriculture of the region’
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "United States. Division of Cooperative Extension"
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Brew, Tasha Marie 1961. "INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS IN COOPERATIVE EXTENSION." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276525.
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The purpose of this study was to assess the adoption response of cotton growers to Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs, identify the extension strategies used to promote IPM, and provide descriptive comparison of IPM programs between the foremost eleven cotton-producing states in the United States. Integrated pest management is presented as an alternative agricultural production strategy referred to as sustainable agriculture. IPM programs for cotton were evaluated by use of a survey instrument and telephone interviews with the IPM coordinators for the eleven cotton-producing states. The most significant findings were that programs vary considerably between states; the most widely employed IPM techniques were selective use of chemicals, use of economic thresholds and sampling for pests; the Cooperative Extension Service worked closely with private consultants and grower associations; and adoption of a wide variety of IPM techniques has been extensive for cotton producers in the eleven foremost cotton-producing states.
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(6615803), Ashley E. Rice. "Factors Influencing Indiana Residents' Level of Interest in Engaging with Purdue University." Thesis, 2019.
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The land-grant university system was founded in the 19th century as a public means to help improve people’s everyday lives. A century and a half later, the challenges that the public faces to live a quality life are constantly changing, creating a need for the land-grant system to respond and adapt to continue to fulfill its mission. While the literature contains a wealth of conceptual papers addressing the role and mission of land-grant universities, relatively few papers could be found that reported empirical data or proposed and tested metrics for public engagement constructs. The current study sought to address this void in the literature through the investigation of factors influencing Indiana residents’ level of interest in engaging with Purdue University. Mail survey methods were used in which up to three contacts were made with adult members of 4,500 Indiana households identified through address-based sampling. Stratified random sampling was employed to ensure adequate rural household participation for other project purposes. Usable responses were received from 1,003 households representing 87 Indiana counties for a total response rate of 26%. A theoretical perspective was developed from Public Sphere Theory and the social science writings of Jurgen Habermas and Alexis de Tocqueville. Descriptive findings revealed some to moderate concerns about community and social issues such as affordable health care, violent crime, pollution and prescription drug abuse. Moderate levels of anomie, or perceived social disconnectedness, were also reported by respondents. Several items tapped respondents’ past levels of interaction with and current perceptions of Purdue University. Nearly a fifth of respondents reported interacting with Purdue University by having visited a website for news or information, followed by interacting with a Purdue University Extension professional. Regarding perceptions of Purdue University, the results of this study revealed relative consensus among respondents that Purdue University makes a positive contribution to the state of Indiana through its educational, research and outreach programs. For a majority of the perceptual items regarding Purdue University, more than one-third of the respondents neither agreed nor disagreed with the statement, suggesting some areas in which the university might improve its reputational standing with Indiana residents in the future. Nearly one-quarter to about half of the respondents indicated interest in topical areas addressed by Purdue Extension programs as well as an interest in engaging with the university. Respondents reported the highest levels of interest in free Extension programs in their local area, followed by the topics of science and technology, health and well-being, and gardening.
A predictive model of respondent interest in engaging with Purdue University was developed and tested using binary logistic regression procedures. The model was shown to be of modest utility in accounting for variance in respondent interest in engaging with Purdue University, explaining 12% to 16% of total variance. Past interaction with Purdue University, perceived level of concern for social and community issues, and highest level of education were the strongest predictors in the model.
The current research was completed in 2019 as Purdue University celebrated its 150th anniversary. Results and implications of this study provide important insight into current engagement levels, concerns and perceptions of residents within the state of Indiana, whom the university is mandated to serve. One of the study’s primary contributions is the establishment of baseline engagement data on current levels of Indiana residents’ interest in engaging with Purdue University on selected topics. Findings from this study could be of benefit to university administrators, faculty, staff and Extension professionals in assessing and improving future programming and setting strategic priorities. This study also adds to the conceptual and empirical body of literature, which may help inform future public engagement efforts at other land-grant universities. Periodic social science and public opinion research is needed to keep pace with the changing needs and perceptions of Indiana residents. Different data collection modes should be utilized to reach more audience segments and add to the growing knowledge base of public engagement.
Books on the topic "United States. Division of Cooperative Extension"
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United States. General Accounting Office. and United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry., eds. Agricultural research: More efficient and accountable system could better respond to new challenges : statement of Robert A. Robinson, Director, Food and Agriculture Issues, Resources, Community, and Economic Development Division, before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1997.
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Service, United States Extension, ed. Serving people in need: Cooperative extension at the 1890 land-grant universities. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Extension Service, 1988.
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Rasmussen, Wayne David. Taking the university to the people: Seventy-five years of cooperative extension. Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1989.
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Mayeske, George W. An assessment of the value of a nationwide extension system. [Washington, D.C.?]: Planning, Development and Evaluation Staff, Extension Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1990.
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Mayeske, George W. An assessment of the value of a nationwide extension system. [Washington, D.C: Planning, Development, and Evaluation Staff, Extension Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1990.
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Mayeske, George W. An Assessment of the value of a nationwide extension system. [Washington, D.C.]: Extension Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, 1990.
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Judiciary, United States Congress Senate Committee on the. The National Cooperative Research Act Extension of 1991: Report together with additional views (to accompany S. 479). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on the Judiciary. The National Cooperative Research Act Extension of 1991: Report together with additional views (to accompany S. 479). [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. G.P.O., 1991.
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Office, General Accounting. Agricultural research: Information on research system and USDA's priority setting : report to Congressional requesters. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1996.
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United States. Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, ed. Families, 4-H, and nutrition: Accomplishments. [Washington, D.C.?]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, 1998.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "United States. Division of Cooperative Extension"
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Upendram, Sreedhar, Ramona Madhosingh-Hector, Linda Seals, Paul Lachapelle, Huston Gibson, and Daniel Kahl. "The Role of Cooperative Extension in Community and Economic Development in the United States." In Community Quality-of-Life and Well-Being, 115–40. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35744-2_7.
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Jovanović, Andrija. "American sanctions against the Soviet Union and construction of the Urengoy – Pomari – Uzhgorod gas pipeline." In Topics of the history of the countries of Central and South-Eastern Europe in the 19th–21st centuries, 363–90. Institute of Slavic Studies, Russian Academy of Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31168/7576-0495-4.18.
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Energy cooperation during the Cold War represented a unique phenomenon in a period of world division into two opposing blocs. Throughout most of the Cold War, there was a significant export of Soviet energy resources, such as oil and gas, to capitalist Western European countries, which had limited reserves of these resources and benefited from the favourable prices offered by the Soviet Union. The main recipients of these exports were Italy, Austria, West Germany, and France. Considering the extensive and long-lasting nature of this cooperation, it can be concluded that it represented a form of integration of the European continent, despite the political and ideological conflict that divided Europe into East and West. The collaboration between Western European countries and the Soviet Union in this area reached its peak in the early 1980s with the signing of the agreement to construct the Urengoy–Pomari–Uzhhorod gas pipeline, which was referred to as the “Deal of the Century.” However, the United States, as the other superpower during the Cold War, particularly during Ronald Reagan’s administration with its strongly anti-Soviet stance, did not remain silent about these developments. The U.S. aimed to undermine this agreement through sanctions, considering it a security threat to American allies. However, Western European states, driven by economic principles and logic, did not participate in American sanctions, rendering them ineffective and soon revoked. Nevertheless, many countries, including Yugoslavia, sought to take advantage of this situation and involve their construction organizations in Soviet energy projects, thereby participating in the process of energy integration on the European continent.
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Christians, Allison, and Laurens van Apeldoorn. "Tax Cooperation with a Duty of Assistance." In Tax Cooperation in an Unjust World, 89–118. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192848673.003.0005.
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This chapter examines how more affluent states could help create a world in which states with populations suffering subsistence rights deficits would be able to capture more of the benefits of cooperation on international capital mobility. It will show that one way in which states can relinquish unjust claims of entitlement is to make room for source-based taxation with two main approaches to be pursued in tandem. The first step is for states that export significant capital to expand their existing pass-through regimes for corporate income taxation, while guarding against double taxation and tax competition with carefully designed foreign tax credits. The effect of this step is to create a backstop or minimum level of corporate taxation, which will reduce some of the kinds of tax competition that effectively prevent some states from exercising their entitlement to a share of the benefits of cooperative surplus through taxation. The second step is for states with populations suffering subsistence rights to exercise their entitlement to cooperative surplus benefits. These two steps for reform of the international tax system are not radical departures from the status quo. The first step is a return to standards that were common across OECD states in the not-too-distant past, whilst the second is a take-up of an alternative but still broadly neutral division of cooperative surplus in line with some of the earliest proposals for international tax cooperation and consistent with the ongoing work of the United Nations and other institutions.
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Holliday, Vance T. "Soil Surveys and Archaeology." In Soils in Archaeological Research. Oxford University Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195149654.003.0007.
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Soil survey and mapping is one of the most fundamental and best-known applications of pedology. The preparation of soil maps began in the 19th century (Yaalon, 1997), but systematic county-based soil surveys began in the 20th century in the United States (Simonson, 1987, p. 3). The production of soil maps based on systematic soil surveys has been one of the primary driving forces in pedologic research in both academic and governmental settings in the United States and worldwide through much of the 20th century (Simonson, 1987, 1997; Yaalon and Berkowicz, 1997). For example, soil survey and mapping has been a primary function of the USDA since 1899 (Simonson, 1987, p. 3; Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993, p. 11). Soil maps have been prepared for a variety of uses at scales ranging from a few hectares to those of continental and global magnitude. Published soil surveys contain a wealth of data on landscapes as well as soils, but are generally an underused (and likely misunderstood) resource in geoarchaeology, probably because of their agricultural and land-use orientation. This chapter presents a discussion of what soil surveys are (and are not) and potential as well as realized applications in archaeology. Much of the discussion focuses on the county soil surveys published by the USDA because they are so widely available, although applications of other kinds and scales of soil maps that have been applied in archaeology or that have archaeological applications also are discussed. Many countries in the world have national soil surveys whose primary mission is the mapping and inventorying of the nation’s soil resource. In the United States, soil survey is a cooperative venture of federal agencies, state agencies (including the Agricultural Experiment Stations), and local agencies, coordinated by the National Cooperative Soil Survey (Soil Survey Division Staff, 1993, p. 11). The principal federal agency involved in soil survey is the National Resource Conservation Service (NRCS; formerly the Soil Conservation Service, SCS) of the USDA. The mapping of soils by the NRCS/USDA is probably the agency’s best-known activity. Its many published county soil surveys are its most widely known and widely used product.
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Peter T, Muchlinski. "Part I The Conceptual Framework, 4 Jurisdiction and MNE Regulation." In Multinational Enterprises and the Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198824138.003.0004.
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This chapter investigates the legal basis for exercising extraterritorial jurisdiction over multinational enterprises (MNEs). The state’s exercise of extraterritorial jurisdiction rests on the international law rules relating to state jurisdiction. A state’s legal jurisdiction can be divided between the jurisdiction to prescribe laws, to adjudicate disputes and to enforce legal orders and judgments. This classification follows the traditional division of governmental authority between legislative, judicial and executive powers, though each branch of government can engage in any of the three. The chapter evaluates the three heads of jurisdiction in turn, relying to a large extent on US practice, which is the most developed in this field. In more recent years, not only the United States, but other global economic powers, have sought to avoid extraterritoriality conflicts though harmonization of regulatory standards and the development of cooperative regulatory structures.
Conference papers on the topic "United States. Division of Cooperative Extension"
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Unwin, Stephen D., Peter P. Lowry, and Michael Y. Toyooka. "Component Degradation Susceptibilities as the Bases for Modeling Reactor Aging Risk." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25750.
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The extension of nuclear power plant operating licenses beyond 60 years in the United States will be necessary if we are to meet national energy needs while addressing the issues of carbon and climate. Characterizing the operating risks associated with aging reactors is problematic because the principal tool for risk-informed decision-making, Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA), is not ideally-suited to addressing aging systems. The components most likely to drive risk in an aging reactor — the passives — receive limited treatment in PRA, and furthermore, standard PRA methods are based on the assumption of stationary failure rates: a condition unlikely to be met in an aging system. A critical barrier to modeling passives aging on the wide scale required for a PRA is that there is seldom sufficient field data to populate parametric failure models, and nor is there always the availability of practical physics models to predict out-year component reliability. The methodology described here circumvents some of these data and modeling needs by using materials degradation metrics, integrated with conventional PRA models, to produce risk importance measures for specific aging mechanisms and component types. We suggest that these measures have multiple applications, from the risk-screening of components to the prioritization of materials research.
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Woods, Kirby, and Kenneth Thomas. "Reconstitution of Reactor Pressure Boundary Components Design Stress Report for License Renewal." In ASME 2010 Pressure Vessels and Piping Division/K-PVP Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2010-25215.
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The majority of United States Commercial Nuclear Power Plants (CNPP) within the next 10 years will reach the end of their license to operate and can be renewed per the “Atomic Energy Act” of 1954. This act allowed the commission to issue commercial electric power nuclear plants a license to operate (“licensed, but not to exceed 40 years, and maybe renewed upon the expiration of such period, (Chapter 10, Sec. 103(c))).” These CNPP licenses are also governed by the NSSS vendor specification requirements and by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) design code standards. This connection is in the form of a stress report that defines the “cyclic life” adequacy criteria for this operational limit of 40 years. The license extension subsequently requires a reconstitution of the initial design stress report input parameters per ASME IWA-4120, 4223 & 4311 (e) for the renewal period extension. This requirement can entail an analysis of the operating conditions and cycles to demonstrate the material elasticity is maintained. The proposed approach for this reconstitution effort was a reanalysis in the form of a study of the Nuclear Steam System Supplier (NSSS) vendors’ original methodology to determine the NSSS vendor specification requirement for ASME code compliance and “cyclic life” adequacy. The information acquired from this evaluation has demonstrated the application to be a complex and simplistic approach. This effort to unravel the composite loading (thermal and pressure transients) condition in relation to specific plant and incident cycles provides both an understanding of component end-of-life limits and supports a comprehensive template for future fatigue life management programs. This paper summarizes this reconstituting effort that utilizes the original vessel stress analysis report to support the license renewal effort, provides a template for future fatigue management programs, demonstrates the conservatism of design, and offers an insight into the design philosophy revealing an elegant process that assures against failures.
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Lee, Stephanie Kyuyoung. "Hard Labor, Soft Space: The Making of Radical Ruralism." In 112th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.112.101.
Full textAbstract:
“Hard Labor, Soft Space” is a research-based design investigation on the current surge of collective farms and radical food systems in and around the Hudson Valley.What does it mean to create an infrastructure of care, and systems of resilience within a capitalist landscape of production, extraction, and exploitation?Against the backdrop of land distribution laws such as the Homestead Act (1862) and Alien Land Laws (1913 to present) that have driven the current racial disparity in agricultural land ownership, this project reframes rurality as a site of radical reclamation. This research forms a comparative genealogy of utopian agrarian projects in the U.S. Starting from Pietist settlements (such as Icarians, Shakers and Amana Colonies) to 19th and 20th Century Abolitionist movements in the United States, to the current wave of BIPOC-led radical farms. Through creating a continuous timeline, the project links together more than fifty agrarian based communities across the U.S. From early forms of abolitionist communities such as Nashoba Community (1825-1828) and Timbuctoo (1848–1855), to Black cooperative movements such as Freedom Farms Cooperative (1969-1976) and New Communities Incorporated (1969-1985). The project creates a BIPOC-centered historical narrative for recent land justice projects such as Sweet Freedom Farm, Gentle Time Farm, Soulfire Farm, Choy Division, and Ayni Herb Farm, all located within the state of New York.In 1972, Liselotte and Oswald Mathias Ungers’ published “Communes in the New World: 1740–1972”, a study on utopian commune living.2 “Hard Labor, Soft Space” is part-homage, and part-critique by addressing the erasure of racial history in rural ideation, and proposes future living strategies rooted in racial and social justice. Through archiving, interviewing and counter- mapping, this project highlights alternative agrarian settlements and renounces models of industrial farming that thrive on the extraction of labor, capital, and lands of others.