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Journal articles on the topic 'United States: Connecticut, Middletown'

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Published: 29 July 2024

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Hoover, Dwight. "Middletown Again." Prospects 15 (October 1990): 445–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300005962.

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Middletown, or Muncie, is one of the most studied communities in the United States. Since the initial research was begun in 1924, the community has learned to endure the probing of many investigators, and the many reports have reflected the tensions and concerns of scholars searching for clues to the American urban experience. One might well trace the course of 20th-century American studies through the Middletown experience. In a limited way, that is what this effort purports to do.Ironically the community was chosen largely by accident, studied by a person unqualified to do so, and the results were not what the sponsoring organization had wanted. When published, however, the report titledMiddletownwas an immediate success; it has remained in print since first issued, and has inspired many successors.

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2

HANKIN, LESTER, and HARRY M. PYLYPIW. "Pesticides in Orange Juice Sold in Connecticut." Journal of Food Protection 54, no. 4 (April 1, 1991): 310–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-54.4.310.

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There is concern that orange juice from foreign countries may contain residues of pesticides not allowed in the United States. Of 17 orange juices examined, 15 listed Brazil as the source of all or part of the juice used. Six samples contained residues. All pesticides found were allowed for use in the United States, and all residues were well below EPA allowable tolerances in oranges.

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3

PYLYPIW, HARRY M., MARY JANE INCORVIA MATTINA, VIPIN AGARWAL, and LESTER HANKIN. "Pesticides and Alcohol in Imported and Domestic Wine Sold in Connecticut." Journal of Food Protection 55, no. 3 (March 1, 1992): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-55.3.220.

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Pesticides not allowed for use in the United States may be applied in foreign countries on grapes destined for wine production. There is concern that imported wine may contain residues of these pesticides. Of 51 wines tested from five foreign countries, 17 samples contained residues of Procymidone, a fungicide not allowed on crops in the United States. Three of 18 wines tested contained residues of Carbaryl at concentrations below the allowable tolerance for grapes. Twelve wines from the United States contained no detectable residues of Procymidone. The alcohol content of all wines met label claims.

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4

Gregorio, David I., John T. Flannery, and Holger Hansen. "Stomach cancer patterns in European immigrants to Connecticut, United States." Cancer Causes and Control 3, no. 3 (May 1992): 215–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00124254.

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5

Ivors, K. L., L. W. Lacey, D. C. Milks, S. M. Douglas, M. K. Inman, R. E. Marra, and J. A. LaMondia. "First Report of Boxwood Blight Caused by Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum in the United States." Plant Disease 96, no. 7 (July 2012): 1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-03-12-0247-pdn.

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In September and October 2011, a new disease was observed on Buxus spp. in North Carolina and Connecticut, respectively. In North Carolina, over 10,000 containerized Buxus sempervirens (American boxwood) were affected at one location. A few weeks later, the disease was found in Connecticut on entire plantings of B. sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’ (English boxwood) at two residential properties, and shortly thereafter on over 150,000 plants at two production nurseries. Initial foliar symptoms appeared as light to dark brown spots, often with dark borders. Spots enlarged and coalesced, often with a concentric pattern, and black streaks or cankers developed on stems. Infected leaves became brown or straw colored and dropped quickly after foliar symptoms were visible. Branch dieback and plant death were also observed in Connecticut. Cultures were isolated from symptomatic leaves and stems and identified as Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum Crous, Groenewald & Hill 2002 (1) (syn. Cylindrocladium buxicola Henricot 2002 [2]) on the basis of morphological characteristics. Macroconidiophores were single or in groups of up to three and comprised a stipe, stipe extension, and a penicillate arrangement of fertile branches. The stipe extension was septate, hyaline (89 to 170 × 2 to 4.5 μm), and terminated in an ellipsoidal vesicle (6 to 11 μm diameter) with a papillate or pointed apex. Conidia were cylindrical, straight, hyaline, and one septate (48 to 62 × 4 to 6 μm), occurring in slimy clusters. No microconidiophores were observed. Chlamydospores were medium to dark brown, thick walled, and smooth to rough. Microsclerotia were observed on PDA (1). A portion of β-tubulin gene sequence from two Connecticut (Genbank Accession Nos. JQ866628 and JQ866629) and two North Carolina isolates showed 100% similarity with only C. pseudonaviculatum strains. USDA-APHIS-PPQ confirmed this new United States record on October 24, 2011. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating three 1-gallon container plants of B. sempervirens ‘Suffruticosa’ in North Carolina and four liners of B. sinica var. insularis × B. sempervirens ‘Green Velvet’ in Connecticut with a spore suspension of approximately 5.0 × 106 conidia (North Carolina) or 1.0 × 106 conidia (Connecticut) on the foliage of each plant; untreated control plants were sprayed with water. After incubation at ambient temperature, all inoculated plants developed foliar and stem lesions within 3 to 4 days and blighting occurred within 2 weeks; control plants remained asymptomatic. C. pseudonaviculatum was reisolated from inoculated plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. pseudonaviculatum in the United States. C. pseudonaviculatum causes a serious disease of Buxus spp. in the United Kingdom and several other European countries as well as New Zealand (1). Confirmation of boxwood blight in the United States is significant because of the popularity of boxwood as a landscape plant, and because of the potential economic impact this disease may have on commercial growers; boxwood production in the United States has an annual wholesale market value of approximately $103 million (3). References: (1) P. Crous, et al. Sydowia 54:23, 2002. (2) B. Henricot and A. Culham Mycologia 94: 980, 2002. (3) USDA-NASS, Census of Horticulture, 2010.

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6

Holford, Theodore R., George C. Roush, and Lisa A. McKay. "Trends in female breast cancer in Connecticut and the United States." Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 44, no. 1 (January 1991): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0895-4356(91)90198-i.

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7

Robinson, Jason. "Pioneer Valley Jazz Shares, Connecticut River Valley, Western Massachusetts, United States." Jazz and Culture 5, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/25784773.5.2.10.

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8

Ijdo, Jacob W., Caiyun Wu, Louis A. Magnarelli, Kirby C. Stafford, John F. Anderson, and Erol Fikrig. "Detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis DNA inAmblyomma americanum Ticks in Connecticut and Rhode Island." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 12 (2000): 4655–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.12.4655-4656.2000.

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Ehrlichia chaffeensis, the causative agent of human monocytic ehrlichiosis, is transmitted by Amblyomma americanum ticks, which are most abundant in the southern United States. Because serologic evidence suggests that residents of Connecticut are exposed to E. chaffeensis, A. americanum ticks were collected in Connecticut and Rhode Island for PCR analysis to detect E. chaffeensis DNA. Eight of 106 (7.6%) A. americanum ticks from Connecticut and 6 of 52 (11.5%) from Rhode Island contained E. chaffeensis DNA. Thus, E. chaffeensis is present in ticks in southern New England and transmission of E. chaffeensis may occur there.

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9

Cohen, Paul E. "Abel Buell, of Connecticut, Prints America's First Map of the United States, 1784." New England Quarterly 86, no. 3 (September 2013): 357–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00294.

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After the Revolutionary War concluded, the United States found itself holding clear title to much of North America. The first American to delineate this vast territory was engraver and counterfeiter Abel Buell, whose “Map of the United States” is a legendary rarity. This article provides an account of the map and gives a history of the seven surviving copies.

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10

Cole, George F., and I. Ridgway Davis. "Fred Kort." PS: Political Science & Politics 37, no. 4 (October 2004): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049096504045354.

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Fred Kort, professor emeritus at the University of Connecticut, passed away at the age of 85 on July 17, 2004, after a long battle with cancer. Born in Vienna, Fred witnessed the rise of the Nazis and was a student of law at the University of Vienna until 1938 when Jewish students were expelled. As a result, Fred emigrated to the United States in 1939. In 1942 he volunteered for the U.S. Army and returned to Europe with the 11th Armored Division, fought in the Battle of the Bulge and other engagements, and eventually was stationed in Vienna. Upon his return to the United States, Fred enrolled at Northwestern University in 1946, earning his B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. in four years. He joined the department of political science at the University of Connecticut in 1950 and taught for 40 years, retiring in 1990.

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11

Reid-Sanden, Frances L., James G. Dobbins, Jean S. Smith, and Daniel B. Fishbein. "Rabies surveillance in the United States during 1989." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 197, no. 12 (December 15, 1990): 1571–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1990.197.12.1571.

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Summary In 1989, 4,808 cases of rabies in animals other than human beings were reported to the Centers for Disease Control, 1.8% more (4,724 to 4,808) than in 1988. Eighty-eight percent (4,224/4,808) of those affected were wild animals and 12% (584/4,808) were domestic animals. Cases were reported from 49 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico; Hawaii remained rabies-free. Skunks (1,657) continued to be the most commonly reported rabid wild animal. For the second consecutive year, more cats (212) were reported to be infected with rabies virus than any other domestic species. Compared with their 1988 reports, 5 states reported increases of greater than 100% (Alaska, 109%; New Jersey, 233%; Ohio, 133%; Oklahoma, 168%; and Washington, 125%), and 5 states reported decreases of greater than 50% (Connecticut, 63%; Mississippi, 56%; Montana, 67%; Nevada, 55%; and West Virginia, 53%) in 1989.

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12

Kenaley, Shawn C., Geoffrey Ecker, and Gary C. Bergstrom. "First Report of Puccinia coronata var. coronata sensu stricto Infecting Alder Buckthorn in the United States." Plant Health Progress 18, no. 2 (January 1, 2017): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-01-17-0003-br.

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Field symptoms, host distribution, pathogen morphology, and phylogenetic analyses clearly demonstrated that the rust fungus infecting alder buckthorn in Connecticut is Puccinia coronata var. coronata sensu stricto. To our knowledge, this is the first report and confirmation of P. coronata var. coronata s.s. in the United States. Additional collections from purported aecial and telial hosts of P. coronata var. coronata s.s. are necessary to determine its host range, geographic distribution, and incidence within the United States and elsewhere in North America.

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13

Turner, Felicity. "The Contradictions of Reform: Prosecuting Infant Murder in the Nineteenth-Century United States." Law and History Review 39, no. 2 (May 2021): 277–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0738248021000080.

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“The Contradictions of Reform” analyses the complications of reform of legislation regulating punishment for women convicted of infanticide in Connecticut between 1790 and 1860, within the context of broader social, cultural, and legal understandings of the crime within the US. These changes are investigated through a close reading of petitions for clemency to Connecticut's General Assembly in which women convicted of the crime petitioned the state legislature seeking reduced sentences. The article argues that although the nineteenth century opened with legislation that promised death to all women convicted of infanticide, in practice courts and juries never imposed the penalty. Instead, juries proved reluctant to convict and/or death sentences were not imposed, even if juries found women guilty. In the early decades of the nineteenth century, the Connecticut Assembly reformed existing infanticide law in response to a number of social debates about the merits of the death penalty, particularly for women. The article argues, however, that these reforms counter-intuitively resulted in less favorable outcomes for those convicted of the crime, as they found themselves facing lengthy prison sentences. Such an outcome was unlikely in the early decades of the nineteenth century. The article, therefore, demonstrates, the “contradictions of reform.”

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14

Anderson, Carl A. "Constitution and Family in the United States." Revue générale de droit 21, no. 4 (March 21, 2019): 651–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1058211ar.

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Decisions of the United States Supreme Court beginning with Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) have transformed family law in the United States. By characterizing the right to marry as a fundamental constitutional right and procreative decision-making as both a fundamental liberty interest and privacy right, the Court has “deregulated” the institutions of marriage and family. During this same period the Court’s approach to legal questions involving the rights of non-marital cohabitating couples as well as individual procreative decision-making has tended to blur legal distinctions between the family based upon marriage and other living arrangements. The widespread adoption of mutual consent and/or marital breakdown as grounds for the dissolution of marriage in the United States has significantly altered the social dynamics of marriage and further reduces distinctions between marriage and other living arrangements. However, recent decisions by the Court in Hardwick, Michael H., and Webster point to a change of direction in the Court’s view of privacy which may signal a willingness to tolerate greater community involvement in establishing protective regulation of the institutions of marriage and the family based upon it. The Court also appears to be in the process of significantly narrowing the constitutionally recognized right of privacy when viewed as a zone of autonomous decision-making for the individual or non-marital couple.

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15

Sturges, Mark. "Fleecing Connecticut: David Humphreys and the Poetics of Sheep Farming." New England Quarterly 87, no. 3 (September 2014): 464–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tneq_a_00395.

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At the turn of the nineteenth century, the importation of a Spanish breed of merino sheep to the United States led to a dramatic period of agricultural intensification. Profiling David Humphreys, who promoted merino sheep in poetry and prose, this essay interprets the merino boom as a lesson in the dangers of rhetorical and environmental manipulation.

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16

Collier, Christopher. "Why the First Law School in the United States was Established in Connecticut." International Journal of Legal Information 31, no. 2 (2003): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500010568.

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The education of all lawyers everywhere in the British American colonies before 1784 was by apprenticeship. Aspirants to the profession, usually without any prior college education at all, read law in the office of an established practitioner. The most important part of this training occurred during the sessions of the local, county, and colony courts when the neophyte would observe, listen carefully, and take notes. After a time, sometimes only months, sometimes two to three years, the student would be examined cursorily and, with senior members of the bar attesting to his good character, admitted to practice. A few whose parents could afford it would travel to London and read law there at the Inns of Court.

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17

Forman, Murray, and Greg Schick. "A family reunion: A conversation with Greg Schick, co-editor and producer of the Trinity International Hip Hop Festival." Global Hip Hop Studies 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ghhs_00056_7.

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In this article, Greg Schick discusses his work with the Trinity International Hip Hop Festival. The festival evolved from a way to connect Trinity College with the city of Hartford, Connecticut, community to a platform for international hip hop artists and scholars to come to the United States and share their work.

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18

Solovyev, Andrey Aleksandrovich. "Legal regulation of implementation of measures associated with compulsory medical treatment in certain US states." Юридические исследования, no. 1 (January 2022): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-7136.2022.1.36012.

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The subject of this article is the questions of legal regulation of administrative and judicial procedures associated to compulsory medical treatment in the United States. Due to the reference legal regulation in legislation of the states, the research is conducted on the example of Connecticut, Maine, and Florida. Special attention is given to the following aspects: the list of persons who have the right to submit a corresponding request; the requirements for it; the procedure for medical examination of a person, hospitalization, its extension or termination; judicial consideration of the questions of compulsory hospitalization. The novelty lies in carrying out a comparative analysis of the procedures implemented in Connecticut, Maine, and Florida with regards to persons suffering from alcohol and drug addiction, mental illnesses, and active tuberculosis. The conclusion is made that the legislation of the indicated US states effectively combines the administrative and judicial procedures pertinent to compulsory medical treatment.

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19

Harrison, Philip V., and Nicholas Ogden. "Lyme disease." Morecambe Bay Medical Journal 2, no. 4 (January 3, 1995): 72–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48037/mbmj.v2i4.949.

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WHAT IS LYME DISEASE?The name originates from the description of a number of patients from Lyme, Connecticut, United States of America. Although features of the condition have been recognised since the turn of the century, the full description was only given in 1977. Technically, Lyme disease is classified as azoonosis, being a condition transmitted to man by animals.

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20

Krebs, John W., Robert C. Holman, Urhonda Hines, Tara W. Strine, Eric J. Mandel, and James E. Childs. "Rabies surveillance in the United States during 1991." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 201, no. 12 (December 15, 1992): 1836–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1992.201.12.1836.

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Summary In 1991, 49 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico reported 6,972 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings to the Centers for Disease Control. Ninety-one percent (6,354 cases) were wild animals, whereas 8.9% (618 cases) were domestic species. The total number of reported cases of rabies increased 42.9% over that of 1990 (4,881 cases), with most of the increase resulting from continued spread of the epizootic of rabies in raccoons in the mid-Atlantic and northeastern states. Large increases in cases of rabies in animals were reported from Connecticut (200 cases in 1991, compared with 3 in 1990, an increase of 6,567%), Delaware (197 cases in 1991, compared with 44 in 1990, an increase of 348%), New York (1,030 cases in 1991, compared with 242 in 1990, an increase of 326%), and New Jersey (994 cases in 1991, compared with 469 in 1990, an increase of 112%). Other noteworthy increases were reported by Wyoming (96.4%), Texas (69.7%), California (41.3%), Oklahoma (33.1%), Minnesota (31.4%), Georgia (26.7%), and Maryland (23.7%). Hawaii reported 1 imported case of rabies in a bat. Only 16 states reported decreases in rabies in animals in 1991, compared with 30 in 1990. Pennsylvania and Iowa reported decreases of 40.6% and 27.4%, respectively. Rhode Island was the only state that did not report a case of rabies in 1991.

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21

Zimmermann, Nealy. "Starting a Prison Hospice Program." Illness, Crisis & Loss 17, no. 4 (October 2009): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/il.17.4.i.

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Starting in the late 1970s, the incarcerated population in the United States increased in large part due to the use and abuse of drugs. At the same time, and also related to drug usage, inmates came into the system sicker and more of them began to die while in prison. These concerns came to the attention of the late Florence Wald, a founder of the hospice movement in this country. With determination, discipline, and collaboration, Florence spearheaded the founding of a prison hospice and palliative care program in Connecticut, keeping in mind both the need for creating a long lasting and sustainable program and to act as a model for other states. Since 2001, with the use of trained inmate hospice volunteers, the program has provided compassionate care for over 50 inmates at three correctional facilities in Connecticut.

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22

Azar, Marwan M., Xuchen Zhang, Roland Assi, Chadi Hage, L. Joseph Wheat, and Maricar F. Malinis. "Clinical and epidemiological characterization of histoplasmosis cases in a nonendemic area, Connecticut, United States." Medical Mycology 56, no. 7 (December 8, 2017): 896–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mmy/myx120.

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23

Butler, Brett J., Zhao Ma, David B. Kittredge, and Paul Catanzaro. "Social versus Biophysical Availability of Wood in the Northern United States." Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 27, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/njaf/27.4.151.

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Abstract The availability of wood, be it harvested for sawlogs, pulpwood, biomass, or other products, is constrained by social and biophysical factors. Knowing the difference between social and biophysical availability is important for understanding what can realistically be extracted. This study focuses on the wood located in family forests across the northern United States. Family forest owners control 54% of the 7,685 million dry tons of wood in the region. To estimate availability, we begin with the total resource and then apply constraints related to slope, drainage, site productivity, tree size, size of forest holdings, distance to roads, harvesting restrictions, population pressures, and ownership attitudes. These constraints reduce wood availability significantly, by nearly two-thirds according to our calculations. The vast majority of this reduction is due to social factors, in particular owner attitudes. The greatest state-level reductions in wood availability are in Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and Rhode Island, all of which have estimated reductions of more than 75%.

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24

Anderson, William F., Anne S. Reiner, Rayna K. Matsuno, and Ruth M. Pfeiffer. "Shifting Breast Cancer Trends in the United States." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 25 (September 1, 2007): 3923–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.11.6079.

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Purpose United States breast cancer incidence rates declined during the years 1999 to 2003, and then reached a plateau. These recent trends are impressive and may indicate an end to decades of increasing incidence. Methods To put emerging incidence trends into a broader context, we examined age incidence patterns (frequency and rates) during five decades. We used age density plots, two-component mixture models, and age-period-cohort (APC) models to analyze changes in the United States breast cancer population over time. Results The National Cancer Institute's Connecticut Historical Database and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program collected 600,000+ in situ and invasive female breast cancers during the years 1950 to 2003. Before widespread screening mammography in the early 1980s, breast cancer age-at-onset distributions were bimodal, with dominant peak frequency (or mode) near age 50 years and smaller mode near age 70 years. With widespread screening mammography, bimodal age distributions shifted to predominant older ages at diagnosis. From 2000 to 2003, the bimodal age distribution returned to dominant younger ages at onset, similar to patterns before mammography screening. APC models confirmed statistically significant calendar-period (screening) effects before and after 1983 to 1987. Conclusion Breast cancer in the general United States population has a bimodal age at onset distribution, with modal ages near 50 and 70 years. Amid a background of previously increasing and recently decreasing incidence rates, breast cancer populations shifted from younger to older ages at diagnosis, and then back again. These dynamic fluctuations between early-onset and late-onset breast cancer types probably reflect a complex interaction between age-related biologic, risk factor, and screening phenomena.

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25

Willmott, J. D., and R. N. Freeman. "520 Northeast Greenhouse IPM Notes—Regional Cooperation and Digital Technology Enhances Information Delivery." HortScience 35, no. 3 (June 2000): 484E—484. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.35.3.484e.

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Rutgers Cooperative Extension and Cornell Cooperative Extension initiated a regional newsletter the Northeast Greenhouse IPM Notes. The goal of the newsletter is to improve greenhouse pest management practices through promotion of timely integrated pest management information that applies to the unique problems faced in the Northeastern United States. Interstate cooperation maximizes the professional expertise and resources available through several Land Grant Institutions. Extension educators at Cornell, Rutgers, Penn State Univ., and the Universities of Maryland and Connecticut, actively contribute feature articles, pest updates and other timely information through e-mail: Internet communication facilitates communication. The newsletter is prepared monthly and sent to 282 greenhouse growers, extension professionals and allied industry representatives in New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Massachusetts, and other states. The newsletter is also published on the World Wide Web with color images of crop problems. Publishing of color images is facilitated by digital technology. This edition can be downloaded in color from the Rutgers Cooperative Extension Floriculture site: http://aesop.rutgers.edu/~floriculture/grower/ipmf.htm

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26

Westberg, Karen L., Francis X. Archambault, and Scott W. Brown. "A survey of classroom practices with third and fourth grade students in the United States." Gifted Education International 12, no. 1 (January 1997): 29–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949701200106.

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Advocates of special programs for gifted learners have claimed for years that the needs of gifted and talented students are not addressed in regular classrooms in the United States. Are these claims justifiable? The Classroom Practices Survey, conducted by the University of Connecticut site of The National Research Center on the Gifted and Talented, investigated this issue through a survey of nearly 4000 third and fourth grade classroom teachers. The results of this nationwide survey indicated that only a limited number of teachers make any modifications in their instructional and curricular practices with gifted and talented students.

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27

Chen, Jinkun, Ellen Eisenberg, David J. Krutchkoff, and Ralph V. Katz. "Changing trends in oral cancer in the United States, 1935 to 1985: A Connecticut study." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 49, no. 11 (November 1991): 1152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-2391(91)90406-c.

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28

MOGCK, DEREK L. "Connecticut Federalists in President Jefferson’s (Republican) Court: United States v. Hudson and Goodwin." Connecticut History Review 41, no. 2 (October 1, 2002): 144–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/44369580.

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29

Smith, AnnaClare C., Anna M. Van Kula, Greer M. Howard, and Paul M. Sommers. "Have Gun Control Laws Changed Since Newtown?" Journal of Student Research 4, no. 1 (February 1, 2015): 112–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.47611/jsr.v4i1.203.

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Using data issued by the Brady Campaign to Prevent Gun Violence, the authors examine the strength of statewide firearm laws across the United States one year before and after the 2012 school shooting in Newtown, Connecticut. Regressions fitted to the cross-section of all states in 2011 and 2013 show how Brady Scores differ across census divisions after allowing for statewide differences in firearm death rates and political party control of the state legislature. In the aftermath of Newtown, gun laws have either not changed or in census divisions where they have significantly changed, they have become less restrictive.

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30

Meijer, Vincent R., Luke Kulik, Sebastian D. Eastham, Florian Allroggen, Raymond L. Speth, Sertac Karaman, and Steven R. H. Barrett. "Contrail coverage over the United States before and during the COVID-19 pandemic." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 3 (March 1, 2022): 034039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac26f0.

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Abstract Contrails are potentially the largest contributor to aviation-attributable climate change, but estimates of their coverage are highly uncertain. No study has provided observation-based continental-scale estimates of the diurnal, seasonal, and regional variability in contrail coverage. We present contrail coverage estimates for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020 for the contiguous United States, derived by developing and applying a deep learning algorithm to over 100 000 satellite images. We estimate that contrails covered an area the size of Massachusetts and Connecticut combined in the years 2018 and 2019. Comparing 2019 and 2020, we quantify a 35.8% reduction in distance flown above 8 km altitude and an associated reduction in contrail coverage of 22.3%. We also find that the diurnal pattern in contrail coverage aligns with that of flight traffic, but that the amount of contrail coverage per distance flown decreases in the afternoon.

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31

Goldberg, J., W. True, S. Eisen, W. Henderson, and C. D. Robinette. "The Vietnam Era Twin (VET) Registry: Ascertainment Bias." Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae: twin research 36, no. 1 (January 1987): 67–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001566000004608.

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AbstractAn examination of ascertainment bias in identification of twin pairs in the Vietnam Era Twin Registry has been conducted. A complete listing of all male-male Vietnam era veteran twin pairs born in Connecticut between 1939 and 1955 was obtained (N = 150). An attempt was made to match these pairs with a listing of Vietnam era veteran twin pairs derived from the United States Department of Defense's Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) computer files. The results indicate that the DMDC files identified only 46.7% of the 150 Connecticut born Vietnam era veteran pairs. Statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between pairs found on the DMDC files and Connecticut veteran pairs missing from the DMDC files are observed for the following variables: a) year of discharge from military service, b) total length of active military service, c) branch of service, and d) foreign service. No consistent pattern of bias is observed for factors related to the physical and psychosocial healt of veteran pairs. The implications of the ascertainment biases in the Vietnam Era Twin Registry are discussed.

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Maier, Chris T. "Habitat and estimated density of Magicicada septendecula (Hemiptera: Cicadidae), a 17-year periodical cicada newly discovered in Connecticut, United States of America." Canadian Entomologist 147, no. 1 (June 26, 2014): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2014.40.

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AbstractPeriodical cicadas in the genus Magicicada Davis (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) of brood II emerged in the eastern United States of America in 2013. In Connecticut, only Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) had been recorded until this emergence when Magicicada septendecula Alexander and Moore was found on Totoket Mountain in North Branford, Connecticut, United States of America. This discovery represented the northeastern-most record of this species. In two 0.25-ha plots where M. septendecula and M. septendecim emerged and chorused, species of Carya Nuttall (Juglandaceae) comprised 59.9–63.7% of the total basal area, with Carya glabra (Miller) Sweet, accounting for 43.9–60.0%. In one plot, 31.6% of the total basal area was Fraxinus americana Linnaeus (Oleaceae). By using the proportion of exuviae of M. septendecula (hind tibial length<6.3 mm) and M. septendecim (length ⩾ 6.3 mm) near trees and the mean number of emergence holes per 0.25-m2 quadrat (1.88), it was estimated that 1487 M. septendecula and 17 313 M. septendecim emerged in one 0.25-ha plot. Mean tibial length of M. septendecula was significantly smaller in males (5.53 mm) than females (5.99 mm), and the sex ratio did not depart significantly from 1:1. Magicicada septendecula may be threatened by the decline of F. americana and Juglans cinerea Linnaeus (Juglandaceae), the first a known host and the second a suspected host.

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Nicholson, William L., Susie Muir, John W. Sumner, and James E. Childs. "Serologic Evidence of Infection with Ehrlichia spp. in Wild Rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) in the United States." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 3 (1998): 695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.3.695-700.1998.

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Rodent (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) blood and sera collected from 14 states were tested for seroreactivity to a cultured isolate of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Of the 1,240 samples tested, 136 (11%) were found to be reactive at titers of ≥32. Rodents with HGE agent-specific antibodies were found in New York (23% of 491 samples; geometric mean endpoint titer [GMT] = 441), Connecticut (11% of 100 samples; GMT = 481), California (9% of 32 samples; GMT = 323), Colorado (2% of 212 samples; GMT = 256), Florida (7% of 27 samples; GMT = 362), Maryland (7% of 15 samples; titer = 64), New Jersey (4% of 76 samples; titer = 256), and Wisconsin (13% of 8 samples; titer = 128). Samples from Georgia (n = 16), Illinois (n = 27), Nevada (n = 27), North Carolina (n = 52), Ohio (n = 57), and Utah (n = 100) were not reactive. The earliest seroreactive sample was from aPeromyscus leucopus mouse collected in June 1986 in Connecticut, and the majority of the seroreactive samples (68%) were from this species. Samples from other Peromyscus species (P. boylii, P. maniculatus, and P. gossypinus) were also found to be reactive, with a GMT for the genus of 410. Several species of Neotoma woodrats (N. fuscipes, N. lepida, N. albigula, and N. mexicana) from California and Colorado had antibodies that reacted with the HGE agent (genus GMT = 194), suggesting that enzootic cycles of Ehrlichia spp. exist outside of the areas of confirmed human disease. Attempts to amplify and detect ehrlichial DNA from the limited tissues available (n = 40 animals) were unsuccessful. Further studies are needed to determine the identity of the organisms inducing antibody production in these rodent species and to elucidate the epidemiology and public health importance of these agents.

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Nowak, David J., and Jeffrey T. Walton. "Projected Urban Growth (2000–2050) and Its Estimated Impact on the US Forest Resource." Journal of Forestry 103, no. 8 (December 1, 2005): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/103.8.383.

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Abstract Urban land in the United States is projected to increase from 3.1% in 2000 to 8.1% in 2050, an area of 392,400 km2, which is larger than the state of Montana. By 2050, four states (Rhode Island, New Jersey, Massachusetts, and Connecticut) are projected to be more than one-half urban land. The total projected amount of US forestland estimated to be subsumed by urbanization between 2000 and 2050 is about 118,300 km2, an area approximately the size of Pennsylvania. Because of this urban growth, more regional planning and management may be needed to sustain forest products and ecosystem services required by a growing urban population.

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35

Ferrick, M. G., G. E. Lemieux, P. B. Weyrick, and W. Demont. "Dynamic Ice Breakup Control for the Connecticut River near Windsor, Vermont." Hydrology Research 19, no. 4 (August 1, 1988): 245–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/nh.1988.0017.

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The Cornish-Windsor bridge is the longest covered bridge in the United States and has significant historical value. Dynamic ice breakup of the Connecticut River can threaten the bridge and cause flood damage in Windsor, Vermont. We monitored ice conditions throughout the 1985-86 winter, observed a midwinter dynamic ice breakup, conducted controlled release tests during both open water and ice cover conditions, and analyzed more than 60 years of temperature and discharge records. River regulation presents alternatives for ice mangement that would minimize water levels during breakup. In this paper we develop the basis of a method to produce a controlled ice breakup at lower stage and discharge than occur during major natural events.

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36

Maier, Chris T. "Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) Accidentally Introduced into Connecticut from China or from Other Areas in the United States." Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 119, no. 3 (July 2017): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.119.3.423.

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37

Williams, Scott C., Eliza A. H. Little, Kirby C. Stafford, Goudarz Molaei, and Megan A. Linske. "Integrated control of juvenile Ixodes scapularis parasitizing Peromyscus leucopus in residential settings in Connecticut, United States." Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases 9, no. 5 (July 2018): 1310–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ttbdis.2018.05.014.

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38

Ridge, John C., and Nathaniel J. Toll. "Are late-glacial climate oscillations recorded in varves of the upper Connecticut Valley, northeastern United States?" GFF 121, no. 3 (September 1999): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11035899901213187.

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39

Nelson, Marilyn. "The Fruit of Silence." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 108, no. 9 (September 2006): 1733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146810610800914.

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This presentation explores how contemplative practices, especially those anchored in an active listening to silence, are integrated into creative writing courses. It pays particular attention to a course taught at the United States Military Academy at West Point and to a course on the poetry of war and peace taught at the University of Connecticut. The presentation includes not only excerpts from student writing during the courses but also ongoing correspondence with students as they have maintained meditation practices during their military service in Iraq.

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40

Eke, Uzoamaka A., Harry Conte, Paula Anderson, and Robert W. Lyons. "Invasive Salmonellosis by the Very RareSalmonella choleraesuisin a Returning Traveler on a Tumor Necrosis Factor-αInhibitor." Case Reports in Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/934657.

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Salmonella choleraesuisis one of the least commonly reported nontyphoidal salmonellae in the United States, accounting for only 0.08% and ranking lower than 20th place among all human source salmonellosis reported to the CDC in 2009. In the state of Connecticut, only 12 cases have been reported since 1998 and our case is the only case since 2008. We report a case of invasive Salmonellosis caused bySalmonella choleraesuisin a patient on an antitumor necrosis factor-αagent (adalimumab) who recently returned from a trip to the Dominican Republic.

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41

Marchese, Nathaniel. "Connecticut’s Contribution to World War II: A Historical Analysis." Open Journal for Studies in History 6, no. 2 (December 3, 2023): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojsh.0602.03057m.

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Connecticut, also known as the “Arsenal of Democracy,” played a vital role in the Allied victory during World War II. As one of the industrial powerhouses of the United States, Connecticut’s manufacturing capabilities ramped up to meet the war effort’s needs. The state produced everything from ammunition to airplanes, and its labor force played a crucial role in keeping the war machine running. This article will explore Connecticut’s critical role in World War II by examining its economy, industry, military contributions, and social impact.

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42

Magnarelli, Louis A., Jacob W. IJdo, John F. Anderson, John E. Madigan, J. Stephen Dumler, and Erol Fikrig. "Antibodies to Ehrlichia equi in dogs from the northeastern United States." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 211, no. 9 (November 1, 1997): 1134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1997.211.09.1134.

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Objective To determine whether dogs living in tick-infested areas of the northeastern United States had been exposed to Ehrlichia equi, an etiologic agent of granulocytic ehrlichiosis. Design Analyses of dog sera. Animals 106 ill dogs and 12 clinically normal dogs. Procedure Antibodies to E equi were detected by indirect fluorescent antibody staining methods and western blot analyses. Results 10 of 106 (9.4%) sera tested from ill, privately owned dogs living in tick-infested areas of Connecticut and New York state had antibodies to E equi, a member of the E phagocytophila genogroup. Titration end points ranged from 1:80 to 1:1,280. Immunoblots revealed antibodies to proteins of E equi having molecular masses of predominantly 29, 40, 44, 105, 120, and 160 kd. There was good agreement between results of serologic testing methods, but use of the human isolate (NCH-1 strain) in western blot analyses detected 2 additional seropositive dogs found to be negative by indirect fluorescent antibody staining methods with the MRK strain. Clinical Implications Dogs living in areas where Ixodes scapularis is abundant may be exposed to multiple pathogens, such as E equi or Borrelia burgdorferi. Although mild or subclinical infections with E equi may develop, dogs with marked leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, or anemia should be viewed as possibly having ehrlichiosis. Laboratory diagnosis should include examinations for morulae in granulocytes or monocytes in addition to serologic analyses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1997;211:1134–1137)

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43

Krebs, John W., Jean S. Smith, Charles E. Rupprecht, and James E. Childs. "Rabies surveillance in the United States during 1997." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 213, no. 12 (December 15, 1998): 1713–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1998.213.12.1713.

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Summary In 1997, 49 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico reported 8,509 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 4 cases in human beings to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Nearly 93% (7,899) were wild animals, whereas 7% (610) were domestic species. The total number of reported cases increased 19.4% from that of 1996 (7,128 cases). Increases were apparent in each of the major species groups, with the exception of cattle. The relative contributions of these groups to the total reported for 1997 were as follows: raccoons (50.5%; 4,300 cases), skunks (24.0%; 2,040), bats (11.3%; 958), foxes (5.3%; 448), cats (3.5%; 300), dogs (1.5%; 126), and cattle (1.4%; 122). The 958 cases of rabies reported in bats represented a 29.3% increase over the total reported for 1996 and the greatest number reported since 1984, with cases reported by 46 of the 48 contiguous states. The epizootic of rabies in raccoons expanded into Ohio in 1997 and now includes 19 states and the District of Columbia. Thirteen states, where rabies in raccoons is enzootic, reported increases over 1996 in total numbers of reported cases. Among these, New York (1,264 cases), North Carolina (879), Virginia (690), and Maryland (619) reported the greatest numbers of cases. Five states reported increases that exceeded 50%, compared with cases reported in 1996: Ohio (673.3%; 15 cases in 1996 to 116 in 1997), Massachusetts (144.3%; 115 to 281), South Carolina (97.9%; 96 to 190), Connecticut (97.4%; 274 to 541), and Maine (86.3%; 131 to 244). Cases of rabies associated with foci of rabies in foxes in west central Texas and in dogs and coyotes in southern Texas continued to decline, with this state reporting 78.3% fewer rabid foxes (13 cases), 26.7% fewer rabid dogs (11), and 63.2% fewer rabid coyotes (7) during 1997, compared with 1996. Reported cases of rabies in cats (300) and dogs (126) increased 12.8% and 13.5%, respectively, whereas cases in cattle (122) decreased by 6.9%. Thirty states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico reported increases in rabies in animals during 1997, compared with decreases reported by 31 states and the District of Columbia in 1996. One state (Mississippi; 5 cases) remained unchanged. Hawaii was the only state that did not report a case of rabies in 1997. Four indigenously acquired cases of rabies reported in human beings were the result of infection with rabies virus variants associated with bats.

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Wald, Niel. "Injuries from Nuclear Accidents." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 1, S1 (1985): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00045246.

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In view of public concern about health impairment from accidental radiation exposure, the record of forty years experience in the utilization of nuclear energy was reviewed. All reported exposure incidents producing health effects from external radiation sources and internal radionuclide contamination in the United States and some in other countries have been included. Preparations for the management of such accidents will be considered briefly. The relationship of this actual accident experience to the unresolved problems in management planning and professional and public education for future accidents like that at the Three Mile Island nuclear power station in Middletown, Pennsylvania, March 1979, but with potential associated health impairment, was discussed. The complete paper is published in the Proceedings of the 3rd World Congress for Emergency and Disaster Medicine, organized by the “Club of Mainz” in Rome, Italy, 1983 (see Manni, C and Magalini, S, Springer Publ, Heidelberg, 1984).

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45

HINCKLEY, LYNN S. "Incidence of Streptococcus zooepidemicus Mastitis." Journal of Food Protection 48, no. 9 (September 1, 1985): 751–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-48.9.751.

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The first outbreak of Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection in humans in the United States occurred in 1983, when sixteen cases were reported in New Mexico. The source of infection was traced to cheese made with raw milk from cows with S. zooepidemicus mastitis. A study of the incidence of mastitis caused by S. zooepidemicus in cows on the Connecticut Mastitis Control Program was conducted for a 6-month period. Seventeen percent of the 255 herds monitored had S. zooepidemicus mastitis cases and two of these herds had large numbers of cows infected.

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46

Wilson, Jeanine L., John R. Slate, George W. Moore, and Wally Barnes. "Advanced Placement Scores for Black Male Students from Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Massachetts, and Texas." Education Research International 2014 (2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/659212.

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Differences in student performance were analyzed for Black males in Connecticut, Florida, Maryland, Massachusetts, and Texas on the Advanced Placement English Language and Composition, Calculus AB, Biology, and United States History examinations from the 2001 through the 2012 exam years. All analyses included in the comparisons of overall examination scores and U.S. History examination scores were statistically significant. Of the 48 individual examination comparisons, 26 yielded evidence of a statistically significant difference among the Black male students from the selected states. Massachusetts was the state with the highest percentages of Black male students who achieved an AP score of 4 or 5. Conversely, Texas was the state with the highest percentages of Black male students who failed to achieve an AP score of 4 or 5. Implications for policy regarding advanced placement testing as an avenue for preparing students for college and recommendations for future research are discussed.

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47

DeBrincat, Dominic. "The long, salty arm of the law: Colonial Connecticut's litigated maritime economy and the origins of modern contracts." International Journal of Maritime History 33, no. 4 (November 2021): 690–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08438714211061652.

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This article examines maritime trade litigation tied to a typical New England jurisdiction – New London County, Connecticut – to reveal two important eighteenth-century trends. First, decision-makers prioritized honouring contract promises – a critical shift from earlier Puritan ideals that privileged fairness in agreements. This transition was essential to developing what became the will theory of contract, in which promise and performance replaced equity as the measures of valid agreements. This shift appeared in Connecticut nearly a century before scholars have suggested it did in the United States. The second trend involves litigants’ choice of court. Despite the availability of several tribunals for pursuing maritime-based legal actions, parties regularly chose the county court to resolve their issues. In an expanding and increasingly impersonal Atlantic marketplace, parties preferred the flexible and familiar proceedings of the local court because judges and jurors treated mariners as if they carried Connecticut's legal protections with them on their distant travels.

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48

Rachleff, Peter. "Willis J. Nordlund, Silent Skies: The Air Traffic Controllers' Strike. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Publishing, 1998. ix + 205 p. $49.95 cloth." International Labor and Working-Class History 57 (April 2000): 151–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s014754790033280x.

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When labor historians construct lists of the ten most important strikes in United States history, the Professional Air Traffic Controllers' (PATCO) strike of August 1981 is certain to claim a prominent spot. Many labor activists and scholars of the contemporary labor movement see Ronald Reagan's firing of more than eleven thousand striking air traffic controllers as a sort of fall from grace, the beginning of the decline of the labor movement. To be sure, there are others who would disagree with them, but all would concur that this strike was of major historic significance. Therefore, it is surprising that this is the first book-length scholarly treatment of the strike. The author, Willis Nordlund, is Dean of the School of Business at the College of West Virginia, a veteran United States Department of Labor staff person, and a multiengine, instrument-rated pilot. Silent Skies bears the imprint of his background.

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Akil, Luma, and Hafiz Anwar Ahmad. "Socioeconomic impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on foodborne illnesses in the United States." European Journal of Environment and Public Health 7, no. 2 (April 1, 2023): em0128. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejeph/12585.

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Foodborne diseases continue to impact human health and the economy. The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically affected the food system from production to consumption. This project aims to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spread of foodborne diseases and the factors that may have contributed, including environmental, behavioral, political, and socioeconomic. Data for this study were collected from The Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet) for 2015-2020. FoodNet personnel located at state health departments regularly contact the clinical laboratories in Connecticut (CT), Georgia (GA), Maryland (MD), Minnesota (MN), New Mexico (NM), Oregon (OR), Tennessee (TN), and selected counties in California (CA), Colorado (CO), and New York (NY). Data were analyzed using SAS to determine the changes in rates of foodborne pathogens reported in FoodNet before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the ten reporting states. Results of the study showed a significant decline in the incidences of foodborne diseases ranging between 25% and 60%. A geographical variation was also observed between California and states with the highest decline rate of foodborne illnesses. Policies and restrictions, in addition to environmental and behavioral changes during the COVID-19 pandemic, may have reduced rates of foodborne diseases.

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Drebber, Jason S., Christopher T. Halsted, Lee B. Corbett, Paul R. Bierman, and Marc W. Caffee. "In Situ Cosmogenic 10Be Dating of Laurentide Ice Sheet Retreat from Central New England, USA." Geosciences 13, no. 7 (July 15, 2023): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13070213.

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Constraining the timing and rate of Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) retreat through the northeastern United States is important for understanding the co-evolution of complex climatic and glaciologic events that characterized the end of the Pleistocene epoch. However, no in situ cosmogenic 10Be exposure age estimates for LIS retreat exist through large parts of Connecticut or Massachusetts. Due to the large disagreement between radiocarbon and 10Be ages constraining LIS retreat at the maximum southern margin and the paucity of data in central New England, the timing of LIS retreat through this region is uncertain. Here, we date LIS retreat through south-central New England using 14 new in situ cosmogenic 10Be exposure ages measured in samples collected from bedrock and boulders. Our results suggest ice retreated entirely from Connecticut by 18.3 ± 0.3 ka (n = 3). In Massachusetts, exposure ages from similar latitudes suggest ice may have occupied the Hudson River Valley up to 2 kyr longer (15.2 ± 0.3 ka, average, n = 2) than the Connecticut River Valley (17.4 ± 1.0 ka, average, n = 5). We use these new ages to provide insight about LIS retreat timing during the early deglacial period and to explore the mismatch between radiocarbon and cosmogenic deglacial age chronologies in this region.

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