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Greenwold, Diana. "“The Great Palace of American Civilization”: Allen Eaton’s Arts and Crafts of the Homelands, 1919-1932." Contemporaneity: Historical Presence in Visual Culture 3 (June 5, 2014): 98–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/contemp.2014.56.
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Allen Eaton’s Arts and Crafts of the Homelands exhibition premiered in Buffalo, New York in 1919, where it drew record crowds to the Albright Gallery. Iterations of the display soon opened in Albany, Rochester, and then in several other cities across the United States. Arts and Crafts of the Homelands showcased European craftwork of local immigrant groups to celebrate a model of early twentieth-century American pluralism. This article examines the aims of exhibit organizers, immigrant presenters, and native-born visitors to these exhibitions. The structure of the displays—which highlighted domestic tableaux of old-world objects—obfuscated the contemporary contributions of immigrant groups to American cultural and economic forums. I argue, however, that local groups took advantage of the exhibit’s performance spaces to assert their active presence in American public life.
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Hoefer, Dina, Patricia S. Ruppert, Elizabeth Rausch-Phung, Elizabeth Dufort, Manisha Patel, Manisha Patel, Dylan Johns, et al. "LB15. Measles Outbreak in New York State (NYS) Outside of New York City, 2018–2019." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 6, Supplement_2 (October 2019): S999—S1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofz415.2498.
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Abstract Background The United States is experiencing one of the largest and longest measles outbreaks since elimination was declared in 2000 and is at risk of losing this status. Most cases occurring in NYS were reported in undervaccinated communities. Methods We included all confirmed NYS measles cases (excluding NYC) from outbreak counties from October 1, 2018 to July 25, 2019. We used the CSTE measles case definition requiring an acute febrile rash illness and either laboratory confirmation or direct epidemiologic linkage to a lab-confirmed case. For each case, demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained. A medical record review was completed for those reported to have an encounter at a hospital, emergency department, or urgent care center. Results There were 371 cases of measles reported, including 11 internationally imported cases. Most occurred in Rockland county (n = 283); followed by Orange (n = 55), Westchester (n = 18), Sullivan (n = 14) and Greene (n = 1) (Figures 1 and 2). The median age was 5.5 years; 79% of all cases occurred among children younger than 18 years of age (Figure 3). Most cases (79%) had not received any doses of measles vaccine. Of the 371 cases, 263 (71%) were children who had received 0 doses of measles, mumps, rubella vaccine (MMR), 218 (83%) of whom were over 1 year of age (Table 1). There have been no deaths or documented cases of encephalitis. Twenty-eight (8%) patients were diagnosed with pneumonia and 25 (7%) patients were hospitalized. Among 17 hospitalized children, 5 (29%) were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) (ages 1 day to 7 years). There were two preterm births at 34 and 25 weeks gestation to women with measles while pregnant. During October 1, 2018–July 31, 2019, providers in outbreak counties vaccinated 72,465 individuals with MMR, a 46% increase from the same period the year prior. Conclusion Unvaccinated children were identified as the largest group affected and experienced severe complications; nearly 30% of hospitalized children were admitted to an ICU. These data support the critical need for continued education and outreach on the risks of measles and the value of vaccination to prevent continued circulation in undervaccinated communities and potential further cases of severe disease. Disclosures Kirsten St. George, MAppSc, PhD, Akonni Biosystems (Other Financial or Material Support), ThermoFisher (Grant/Research Support), Zeptometrix (Other Financial or Material Support, royalty generating collaborative agreement); others, no disclosures reported..
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VАRENTSOVA, Larisa Yu. "PALACE AGRICULTURE IN RUSSIA IN THE 17TH CENTURY." Tyumen State University Herald. Humanities Research. Humanitates 6, no. 3 (2020): 118–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-197x-2020-6-3-118-136.
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Throughout the 17th century, the Palace economy developed dynamically in the Royal fiefdoms, which by the middle — the second half of the 17th century were characterized by high profitability. The Palace lands provided the Romanov House with everything it needed. The components of the Palace economy included agriculture, fishing grounds, and manufacturing facilities. At the same time, the Royal manufactories were not numerous, the fishing grounds were not in all the sovereign’s fiefdoms, only agriculture dominated everywhere. The relevance of this work lies in studying the historical experience of socio-economic and political development of the Russian state in the 17th century. The purpose of the article is to consider Palace agriculture in Russia in the 17th century. The methodological basis of the study relies on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity. The author has used the works by russian pre-revolutionary historians V. N. Tatishchev, S. M. Solovyov, and M. Baranovsky, as well as the works of researchers of the soviet and post-soviet periods S. I. Volkov, V. I. Buganov, V. A. Korostelev, and A. V. Topychkanov. The novelty of the research consists in the introduction of new historical sources into scientific circulation. The source database consists of the unpublished office documents from the Armory chamber fund 396, the Palace department fund 1239 of the Russian State Archive of Ancient Acts (RGADA, Moscow), as well as from the rare handwritten and old-printed books fund of the Moscow state United art historical, architectural and natural landscape museum-reserve. Among the published sources, we can distinguish a group of office documents. These are census, parish, and expense books of orders of Secret Affairs and the Grand Palace. In addition, the author has used the historical and geographical materials of the 17th — early 18th century from the books of the Discharge Order and the memoirs by the german traveler A. Oleary. The results show the place of Palace agriculture in the economy of the Tsar’s domain in Russia in the 17th century. The author has identified the main directions in the development of agriculture on the territory of the Palace fiefdoms. Having studied the attempt to modernize the Palace agriculture during the reign of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich and to use the best european experience, this research highlights the significance of the Secret Affairs Order, which was in charge of many agricultural objects in the second half of the 17th century; their geographical coordinates are indicated. The author reveals the main features of the development of Palace grain farming, horticulture, animal husbandry, poultry farming, and beekeeping. The examples of farming in some Tsar’s villages of the Moscow Region showcase the ways of providing labor for the main objects of agriculture in the Tsar’s domain. The agricultural products from the Royal fiefdoms were intended for the Royal family. To a lesser extent, they were sent for sale on the domestic market. Different Royal fiefdoms specialized in particular fields. Namely, Izmailovo, Chashnikovo, Alekseevskoye, Stepanovskoye, Ekaterininskaya Grove, and Yermolino Palace villages near Moscow supplied rye, oats, wheat, hops, flax, and hemp. Grape, fruit, and mulberry orchards were bred in Chuguev, Astrakhan, Bryansk, and the Moscow Region. Russian and German specialists were involved in their service. The Palace villages Pachino, Alekseevskoe, Stepanovski, Ermolino, situated near Moscow, and the villages Lyskovo and Murashkino near Nizhny Novgorod were the centres of the Palace livestock. Tsar’s apiaryies were in Karpovka, Volnovsky, Kharkiv, Chuguyev, Olesinska, and Hotnichescom counties. Palace agriculture was served using the forced labor of palace peasants and posadsky people, soldiers, archers, while only small amounts of hired labor were involved.
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Nathan, Joseph P., and Sara Grossman. "Professional Reading Habits of Pharmacists Attending 2 Educational Seminars in New York City." Journal of Pharmacy Practice 25, no. 6 (July 25, 2012): 600–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0897190012451930.
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Purpose: Data regarding the professional reading habits of pharmacists in the United States are lacking. The purpose of this pilot study was to investigate whether pharmacists read professional publications and assess other aspects of their professional reading habits. Methods: In December 2010, surveys were distributed to pharmacists participating in 2 educational seminars in New York City. The main outcome measures were percentages of pharmacists who read regularly (at least monthly), specific publications read, and the perceived value and impact of reading. Results: A total of 184 pharmacists were surveyed. Of the 122 (66%) respondents, 112 (92%) reported reading professional publications regularly. Of these, 97 (87%) indicated the titles read, with the 4 publications reported most frequently being Drug Topics (n = 73; 75%), Pharmacy Times (n = 67; 69%), US Pharmacist (n = 60; 62%), and Pharmacist’s Letter (n = 48; 49%). All 122 respondents indicated that reading positively impacted their practice, and 121 (99%) reported that reading was important. Conclusions: The value of reading professional publications was recognized by surveyed pharmacists; this likely contributed to the high reading rate reported in this study.
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Hoepting, C. A., H. F. Schwartz, and H. R. Pappu. "First Report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in New York." Plant Disease 91, no. 3 (March 2007): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-3-0327a.
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Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV [family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus]), a potentially devastating disease of onion vectored by onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), has been reported from most states in the western United States where significant onion production occurs, with the most recent report from Texas (1). In June 2006, volunteer onion (Allium cepa) plants in Orleans County, New York (Elba muckland) were found to have symptoms indicative of IYSV infection. The scapes (seed stalks) of the volunteer onions found at the edge of a cull pile from a 2005 onion crop exhibited diamond-shaped lesions, each with a distinct green center and a double yellow border. Approximately 25 of 100 plants of red and yellow onion cultivars exhibited characteristic IYSV lesions. The cull pile was composed primarily of locally grown onions, although a few of the bulbs were grown from imported bare-root transplants imported from Arizona. Symptomatic plants tested positive for IYSV using IYSV-specific antiserum from Agdia Inc. (Elkhart, IN) in a double-antibody sandwich-ELISA. The presence of IYSV was verified by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using primers derived from the small RNA of IYSV (S-RNA). The primers flanked the IYSV nucleocapsid (N) gene (5′-TAA AAC AAA CAT TCA AAC AA-3′ and 5′-CTC TTA AAC ACA TTT AAC AAG CAC-3′ (3). RT-PCR assays produced a PCR amplicon of expected size (approximately 1.2 kb) and the product was cloned and sequenced. Nucleotide sequence analysis confirmed the identity of the amplicon as that of the IYSV S-RNA. Sequence comparisons showed 95 to 98% identity with known IYSV N gene sequences available in GenBank. The virus is poorly transmitted to onion by mechanical inoculation and we did not have access to a noninfested colony of the onion thrips vector to transfer the virus from these samples to noninfected onions. No asymptomatic plants were tested. Among the onion-growing states in the eastern United States, IYSV has previously only been reported from Georgia (2). To our knowledge, this is the first report of IYSV in New York and the greater northeastern United States. The finding of this disease in New York confirms further spread of the virus within North America and the need for research to develop more effective management options to reduce the impact of IYSV on onion crops. References: (1) M. Miller et al. Plant Dis. 90:1359, 2006. (2) S. W. Mullis et al. Plant Dis. 90:377, 2006. (3) H. R. Pappu et al. Arch. Virol. 151:1015, 2006.
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Brown, William P., Marion E. Zuefle, and Jason J. Dombroskie. "The effect of twig diameter on emergence rates of the oak twig pruner (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)." Canadian Entomologist 148, no. 6 (June 16, 2016): 693–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/tce.2016.25.
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AbstractOak twig pruner (Anelaphus parallelus(Newman); Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) larvae develop inside twigs pruned from host plants. Reasons for this behaviour are unknown and differential emergence due to twig diameter has not been explored. Twigs pruned from walnuts (Juglans nigraLinnaeus; Juglandaceae) (n=179) and oaks (QuercusLinnaeus; Fagaceae) (n=84) were collected in Pennsylvania, United States of America in 2010; 118 pruned oak twigs were collected in New York State, United States of America in 2012. Twigs from 2012 were dissected to determine rates of emergence and larval mortality; both samples were examined for parasitoids. As the diameter of oak twigs (range of 3–16 mm) increased, larval mortality increased and adult emergence decreased. Date of collection did not influence twig diameter nor emergence rates. Three new parasitoids were associated with the oak twig pruner:AtanycolusFörster (Hymenoptera: Braconidae),Eubazus denticulatus(Martin) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and a potentially new genus of wasp (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Hormiinae nearPambolusHaliday). Parasitism rates were an order of magnitude greater among twigs that contained more than one larva or pupa (23.1%;n=26) compared to those that contained only one (2.3%;n=341).
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Malapi-Wight, M., J. B. Hébert, R. Buckley, M. L. Daughtrey, N. F. Gregory, K. Rane, S. Tirpak, and J. A. Crouch. "First Report of Boxwood Blight Caused byCalonectria pseudonaviculatain Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York." Plant Disease 98, no. 5 (May 2014): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-10-13-1102-pdn.
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Boxwood (Buxus spp.) are commercially important evergreen ornamental plants with an annual market value of over $103 million in the United States. The recent U.S. incursion of boxwood blight disease caused by the fungus Calonectria pseudonaviculata (syn. Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum, Cy. buxicola) threatens the health and productivity of boxwood in both landscape plantings and nurseries. The first confirmed U.S. reports of the disease were made from Connecticut and North Carolina in November 2011 (2,4), followed by diagnoses in 10 additional states during 2012 and 2013. By August 2013, symptoms consistent with boxwood blight had been observed from B. sempervirens in Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and southeastern New York. Affected plants showed rapid onset of disease symptoms: dark brown to black spots or diffuse dark areas on leaves, followed by defoliation. Narrow, elongate black cankers also formed on current season shoots. Symptomatic stems and leaves were placed in petri dishes with moistened filter paper at 22°C for 3 days under continuous light. Conidiophores were excised, then placed on potato dextrose agar amended with streptomycin and neomycin (0.3 g/l). Resultant colonies showed dark brown pigmentation at the colony center surrounded by tan to reddish brown rings with white mycelia at the advancing edge. Conidia (n = 30 per isolate) were hyaline, cylindrical, rounded at both ends, with a single septum (45 to 76 × 4 to 6 μm; avg. 63 × 5 μm). Conidiophores (n = 20 per isolate) comprised a stipe, a hyaline septate stipe extension (length 119 to 192 μm; avg. 150 μm) and a terminal ellipsoidal vesicle (diameter 4 to 10 μm; avg. 7 μm). Based on morphological characteristics, the causal agent was identified as C. pseudonaviculata (1,4). Voucher specimens were deposited in the U.S. National Fungus Collections (BPI 892698 to 701). To verify morphological diagnosis, genomic DNA was extracted from fungal biomass grown in liquid cultures of yeast extract peptone dextrose media. A portion of the β-tubulin gene (TUB2) was PCR amplified and sequenced bi-directionally using primers Bta/Bt2b (3). BLASTn searches of NCBI GenBank databases using the TUB2 sequences (Accession Nos. KF785808 to 11) demonstrated 96 to 100% sequence identity with other C. pseudonaviculata isolates. To confirm pathogenicity, 5-month-old B. sempervirens and B. microphylla seedlings were spray-inoculated with a spore suspension of 1 × 104conidia/ml. One isolate from each state was independently tested with four replicates each. Non-inoculated water-sprayed plants served as negative controls. Plants were maintained in growth chambers at 22°C under constant light. Blight symptoms developed 4 to 5 days post inoculation. C. pseudonaviculata was re-isolated from inoculated plants; no symptoms or signs were observed from control plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of C. pseudonaviculata in the states of Delaware, Maryland, New Jersey, and New York. This report demonstrates that C. pseudonaviculata is now widespread across the United States eastern seaboard, and represents a substantial threat to boxwood plants in North American landscapes and nurseries.References: (1) P. Crous et al. Sydowia 54:23, 2002. (2) D. F. Farr and A. Y. Rossman. Fungal Databases, USDA-ARS. Retrieved from http://nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases , 30 August 2013. (3) N. L. Glass and G. C. Donaldson. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61:1323, 1995. (4) K. L. Ivors et al. Plant Dis. 96:1070, 2012.
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Banner, Lois W. ":An Emotional History of the United States . Edited by Peter N. Stearns and Jan Lewis ( New York , New York University Press , 1998 ) 476 pp. $60 cloth $22.50 paper." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 30, no. 3 (January 1999): 546–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.1999.30.3.546.
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Banner, Lois W. "An Emotional History of the United States. Edited by Peter N. Stearns and Jan Lewis (New York, New York University Press, 1998) 476 pp. $60 cloth $22.50 paper." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 30, no. 3 (January 2000): 546–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jinh.2000.30.3.546.
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LACHANCE-McCULLOUGH, MALCOLM L., JAMES M. TESORIERO, MARTIN D. SORIN, and ANDREW STERN. "HIV Infection among New York State Female Inmates: Preliminary Results of a Voluntary Counseling and Testing Program." Prison Journal 74, no. 2 (June 1994): 198–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0032855594074002004.
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New York State's prison population has the highest seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among incarcerated populations in the United States. Five percent of the State prison inmate population is female. To date there have been few studies of incarcerated females in New York State (NYS). Seroprevalence rates have ranged from 18.9% to as high as 29%. In 1991, counselors from the New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) AIDS Institute's Criminal Justice Initiative, in collaboration with the State's Department of Correctional Services (NYSDOCS), began to offer educational services and anonymous pretest counseling, HIV antibody testing, and posttest counseling to NYS female prisoners. With preliminary program testing data (N = 216) descriptive and multivariate techniques are used to evaluate the demographic and risk-related behaviors associated with HIV infection among female inmates in this voluntary HIV testing program. Results are discussed in light of previous research findings regarding the correlates of HIV seropositivity among New York State prison inmates and compared to previous blinded epidemiological studies of female inmates in the State. Future research, addressing the limitations of this preliminary study, is proposed.
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Wysota, Christina N., Scott E. Sherman, Elizabeth Vargas, and Erin S. Rogers. "Sociodemographic Correlates of Food Insecurity Among New York City Tobacco Users." American Journal of Health Promotion 34, no. 6 (February 7, 2020): 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117120904002.
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Purpose: To identify rates and sociodemographic correlates of food insecurity among low-income smokers. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline survey data from a randomized controlled trial (N = 403) testing a smoking cessation intervention for low-income smokers. Setting: Two safety-net hospitals in New York City. Sample: Current smokers with annual household income <200% of the federal poverty level. Measures: Food insecurity was measured using the United States Department of Agriculture 6-item food security module. Participant sociodemographics were assessed by self-reported survey responses. Analysis: We used frequencies to calculate the proportion of smokers experiencing food insecurity and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with being food insecure. Results: Fifty-eight percent of participants were food insecure, with 29% reporting very high food insecurity. Compared to married participants, separated, widowed, or divorced participants were more likely to be food insecure (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.33, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-4.33), as were never married participants (AOR = 2.81, 95% CI: 1.54-5.14). Conclusions: Health promotion approaches that target multiple health risks (eg, smoking and food access) may be needed for low-income populations. Interventions which seek to alleviate food insecurity may benefit from targeting socially isolated smokers.
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Richard, Carl J. "M. N. S. Sellers, American Republicanism: Roman Ideology in the United States Constitution, New York: New York University Press, 1994. Pp. x + 349. $45.00 (ISBN 0-8147-8005-9)." Law and History Review 15, no. 1 (1997): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/827729.
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FRANCL, KAREN E., TESSA K. CANNIFF, BLAND R. CRAIG, DALE W. SPARKS, and VIRGIL BRACK,. "QUANTIFYING WING DAMAGE OF SUMMER BATS IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED STATES." Journal of the Pennsylvania Academy of Science 86, no. 1 (December 1, 2012): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jpennacadscie.86.1.0041.
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ABSTRACT While conducting mist net surveys for the federally endangered Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis) in West Virginia, New York, and Pennsylvania, we quantified wing damage on 422 bats of four species: big brown (Eptesicus fuscus, N = 190), eastern red (Lasiurus borealis, N = 82), little brown (M. lucifugus, N = 55), and northern myotis (M. septentrionalis, N = 95) bats. From 15 May – 15 August 2010, we photographed back-lit wings to reveal damage such as scars, holes, and blotching (non-uniform pigmentation). After quantifying the percent cover of these damage types using image-analysis software, we used generalized non-linear mixed models to determine if percent area of damage differed among scores associated with the categorical wing damage index (WDI) developed by Reichard and Kunz (2009). Although quantified damage did generally increase with WDI score across all species, statistical separation by WDI was only documented for the big brown bat (blotching, scars, blotching + scars combined) and northern myotis (blotching, blotching + scars). We suggest that studies like ours can provide quantitative species-specific datasets that can be examined in a more precise manner than a categorical index.
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Gavrilovskaya, Irina, Rachel LaMonica, Mary-Ellen Fay, Brian Hjelle, Connie Schmaljohn, Robert Shaw, and Erich R. Mackow. "New York 1 and Sin Nombre Viruses Are Serotypically Distinct Viruses Associated with Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 1 (1999): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.1.122-126.1999.
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New York 1 virus (NY-1) and Sin Nombre virus (SN) are associated with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). NY-1 and SN are derived from unique mammalian hosts and geographic locations but have similar G1 and G2 surface proteins (93 and 97% identical, respectively). Focus reduction neutralization assays were used to define the serotypic relationship between NY-1 and SN. Sera from NY-1-positivePeromyscus leucopus neutralized NY-1 and SN at titers of ≥1/3,200 and ≤1/400, respectively (n = 12). Conversely, SN-specific rodent sera neutralized NY-1 and SN at titers of <1/400 and 1/6,400, respectively (n = 13). Acute-phase serum from a New York HPS patient neutralized NY-1 (1/640) but not SN (<1/20), while sera from HPS patients from the southwestern United States had 4- to >16-fold-lower neutralizing titers to NY-1 than to SN. Reference sera to Hantaan, Seoul, and Prospect Hill viruses also failed to neutralize NY-1. These results indicate that SN and NY-1 define unique hantavirus serotypes and implicate the presence of additional HPS-associated hantavirus serotypes in the Americas.
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Gordon, S. L. "An Emotional History of the United States. Edited by Peter N. Stearns and Jan Lewis (New York: New York University Press, 1998. ix plus 476 pp. $60.00/cloth $22.50/paperback)." Journal of Social History 33, no. 2 (December 1, 1999): 469–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jsh/33.2.469.
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Carrasco, Mary, Matthew Coppello, Laurent Garchitorena, Carolina Scaramutti, Israel Palencia, Michael Grandner, Ricardo Osorio, et al. "0254 Acculturative Stress Is Associated with Sleep-Related Impairment Among a Sample of Rural and Urban Latinos/as." SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (April 20, 2024): A109—A110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0254.
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Abstract Introduction Latinos/as in the United States face distinctive sociocultural stressors rooted in their marginalized status, immigration experiences, and challenges adapting to a new culture. These stressors, including acculturative stress, contribute to elevated stress levels that can have detrimental effects on sleep health and may engender sleep-related impairment. While the association between stress and sleep difficulties is well-documented, the impact of acculturative stress on Latinos/as sleep health remains an understudied area. This study aims to illuminate the relationship between acculturative stress and sleep, highlighting a critical aspect of sleep health within this demographic. Methods This work utilized data from DORMIR, an NIH-funded study investigating multi-level determinants of sleep and heart health outcomes among urban and rural Latinos/as. Participants in New York and Florida completed surveys capturing biological, clinical, behavioral, psychosocial, and environmental determinants of health, including the Sleep-Related Impairment (SRI) and the Multidimensional Acculturation Stress Inventory (MASI) measures. We hypothesized that acculturative stress will be associated with sleep impairment outcomes and differentially across two locations. Linear regression analyses were performed to determine if acculturative stress predicted sleep-related impairments differentially in different geographical regions. Results Florida’s sample (n=241, 35.6±14.7 years, 71% female) differed from New York’s sample (n=112, 33.6±12.6 years, 61% female). For Florida participants, the average SRI score was 8.32±3.53 and the MASI score was 76.7±7.56. For New York participants, the average SRI was 9.35±3.50 and the MASI score was 87.6±25.1. Acculturative stress was found to be significantly associated with sleep-related impairment in Florida [F(1,239) = 8.95, p=0.003] and New York [F(1,110) = 11.8, p=0.008]. Regression analysis indicates greater acculturative stress predicted higher sleep related impairment in Florida (β1=0.08) and New York (β1=0.04), albeit a greater magnitude was observed in Florida. Conclusion Higher levels of acculturative stress predicted greater sleep-related impairments among Latinos/as in Florida and New York. With the recent influx of immigrants at the U.S southern border, this study illustrates the importance of addressing unique stressors like acculturative stress and its effect on sleep health among these populations. Further studies are needed focusing on reducing acculturation stress as a meaningful intervention for improving sleep health among Latinos/as in the United States. Support (if any) R01HL152453
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Evenson, Kelly R., Kimberly B. Morland, Fang Wen, and Kathleen Scanlin. "Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Adults 60 Years and Older: New York City Residents Compared With a National Sample." Journal of Aging and Physical Activity 22, no. 4 (October 2014): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/japa.2012-0345.
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This study describes moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior among New York City (NYC) residents 60 years and older and compared with national United States’ estimates. Adults aged 60 or older living in NYC (n = 760) were compared with similar aged adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES; n = 2,451 adults). Both groups wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for one week. The NYC sample recorded 13.2, 23.8, and 37.8 mean min/day of MVPA and the NHANES sample recorded 10.6, 21.1, and 39.3, depending on the definition. Sedentary behavior averaged 9.6 hr/day for the NYC sample and 9.3 hr/day for the NHANES sample. The NYC sample spent a longer proportion of time in sedentary behavior and light activities, but more time in MVPA than the NHANES sample. Urbanicity may explain some of the differences between the two samples.
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Weiss, Linda, Kerry Griffin, Meng Wu, Ellie DeGarmo, Foram Jasani, and José A. Pagán. "Transforming Primary Care in New York Through Patient-Centered Medical Homes: Findings From Qualitative Research." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 13 (January 2022): 215013192211125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501319221112588.
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Background: The patient-centered medical home (PCMH) model, an important component of healthcare transformation in the United States, is an approach to primary care delivery with the goal of improving population health and the patient care experience while reducing costs. PCMH research most often focuses on system level indicators including healthcare use and cost; descriptions of patient and provider experience with PCMH are relatively sparse and commonly limited in scope. This study, part of a mixed-methods evaluation of a multi-year New York State initiative to refine and expand the PCMH model, describes patient and provider experience with New York State PCMH and its key components. Methods: The qualitative component of the evaluation included focus groups with patients of PCMH practices in 5 New York State counties (n = 9 groups and 67 participants) and interviews with providers and practice administrators at New York State PCMH practices (n = 9 interviews with 10 participants). Through these focus groups and interviews, we elicited first-person descriptions of experiences with, as well as perspectives on, key components of the New York State PCMH model, including accessibility, expanded use of electronic health records, integration of behavioral health care, and care coordination. Results: There was evident progress and some satisfaction with the PCMH model, particularly regarding integrated behavioral health and, to some extent, expanded use of electronic health records. There was less evident progress with respect to improved access and reasonable wait times, which caused patients to continue to use urgent care or the emergency department as substitutes for primary care. Conclusions: It is critical to understand the strengths and limitations of the PCMH model, so as to continue to improve upon and promote it. Strengths of the model were evident to participants in this study; however, challenges were also described. It is important to note that these challenges are difficult to separate from wider healthcare system issues, including inadequate incentives for value-based care, and carry implications for PCMH and other models of healthcare delivery.
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Begum, Thoin F., Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, et al. "Abstract A040: Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2023): A040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-a040.
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Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue in the United States, ranking as the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of CRC varies across the east coast of the United States due to multiple factors, including disparities in lifestyle, healthcare accessibility, and environmental exposures. Community-based participatory research plays a vital role in identifying effective interventions to enhance awareness of cancer risk and prevention in specific communities. Methods: This study focused on Asian Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics residing in the Greater Philadelphia (PA), New Jersey (NJ), and New York City (NYC) areas. The Synergistic Partnership for Enhancing Equity in Cancer Health (SPEECH) collaborated with community-based organizations' leaders and staff to streamline recruitment, workshop delivery, and survey data collection. The workshop curriculum covered essential CRC information, including facts, dietary habits, and screening guidelines. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were used to assess changes in CRC knowledge and screening intention. The distribution of participants was analyzed using Arc GIS. Results: [GXM1] The study population consisted of 212 Asian, 172 Hispanic/Latino, and 126 African American/Black participants. Geographical data was obtainable for 486 participants, primarily from New York (n=286, 58.8%), Pennsylvania (n=150, 30.9%), and New Jersey (n=49, 10.1%). These states form the Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York City (PNN) region, which is known for its high concentrations of neighborhoods experiencing persistent poverty, especially in areas densely populated by minorities. Distinct examples include neighborhoods within the Bronx borough of New York City and Philadelphia County in Pennsylvania. Alarmingly, in some counties within the PNN region, as many as 26% of the census tracts are categorized as persistently impoverished. This pattern of concentrated poverty is supported by several existing studies and research reports. Conclusions: The distribution of participants aligned with the study area of SPEECH and areas characterized by persistent poverty. These findings provide valuable insights to guide efforts in improving cancer health equity in the identified regions. Citation Format: Thoin F. Begum, Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, Nathaly Rubio-Torio, Tenya Blackwell, Carolyn Martin, Safa Ibrahim, Ming-Chin Yeh, Grace X. Ma. Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A040.
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Nicholson, William L., Susie Muir, John W. Sumner, and James E. Childs. "Serologic Evidence of Infection with Ehrlichia spp. in Wild Rodents (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) in the United States." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 3 (1998): 695–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.3.695-700.1998.
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Rodent (Muridae: Sigmodontinae) blood and sera collected from 14 states were tested for seroreactivity to a cultured isolate of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent by using an indirect immunofluorescence assay. Of the 1,240 samples tested, 136 (11%) were found to be reactive at titers of ≥32. Rodents with HGE agent-specific antibodies were found in New York (23% of 491 samples; geometric mean endpoint titer [GMT] = 441), Connecticut (11% of 100 samples; GMT = 481), California (9% of 32 samples; GMT = 323), Colorado (2% of 212 samples; GMT = 256), Florida (7% of 27 samples; GMT = 362), Maryland (7% of 15 samples; titer = 64), New Jersey (4% of 76 samples; titer = 256), and Wisconsin (13% of 8 samples; titer = 128). Samples from Georgia (n = 16), Illinois (n = 27), Nevada (n = 27), North Carolina (n = 52), Ohio (n = 57), and Utah (n = 100) were not reactive. The earliest seroreactive sample was from aPeromyscus leucopus mouse collected in June 1986 in Connecticut, and the majority of the seroreactive samples (68%) were from this species. Samples from other Peromyscus species (P. boylii, P. maniculatus, and P. gossypinus) were also found to be reactive, with a GMT for the genus of 410. Several species of Neotoma woodrats (N. fuscipes, N. lepida, N. albigula, and N. mexicana) from California and Colorado had antibodies that reacted with the HGE agent (genus GMT = 194), suggesting that enzootic cycles of Ehrlichia spp. exist outside of the areas of confirmed human disease. Attempts to amplify and detect ehrlichial DNA from the limited tissues available (n = 40 animals) were unsuccessful. Further studies are needed to determine the identity of the organisms inducing antibody production in these rodent species and to elucidate the epidemiology and public health importance of these agents.
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Ternikar, Farha. "To Arrange or Not: Marriage Trends in the South Asian American Community." Ethnic Studies Review 31, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 153–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2008.31.2.153.
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The idea of the arranged marriage has always seemed “exotic” yet has fascinated the American public. Recent media coverage of arranged marriages is evident in popular periodicals such as the New York Times Online (August 17, 2000) and Newsweek (March 15, 1999). Foner highlights that the arranged marriage is an example of “the continued impact of premigration cultural beliefs and social practices” that South Asian immigrants have transported to the United States (Foner 1997, 964). She offers an interpretive synthesis by showing that “[n]ew immigrant family patterns are shaped by cultural meanings and social practices that immigrants bring with them from their home countries as well as by social, economic, and cultural forces in the United States” (Foner 2005, 157).
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Bloch, Rebecca A., Grace Faulkner, Elizabeth D. Hilborn, Tina Wismer, Nicole Martin, and Sarah Rhea. "Geographic Variability, Seasonality, and Increase in ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center Harmful Blue-Green Algae Calls—United States and Canada, 2010–2022." Toxins 15, no. 8 (August 15, 2023): 505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins15080505.
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Harmful cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) exposures can cause illness or death in humans and animals. We characterized American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) Animal Poison Control Center (APCC) harmful blue-green algae (HBGA) call data, compared it to a measure of harmful algal bloom public awareness, and considered its suitability as a public health information source. ASPCA APCC dog and cat “HBGA exposure” calls made 1 January 2010–31 December 2022 were included. We calculated annual HBGA call percentages and described calls (species, month, origin, exposure route). We characterized public awareness by quantifying Nexis Uni® (LexisNexis Academic; New York, NY, USA)-indexed news publications (2010–2022) pertaining to “harmful algal bloom(s)”. Call percentage increased annually, from 0.005% (2010) to 0.070% (2022). Of 999 HBGA calls, 99.4% (n = 993) were dog exposures. Over 65% (n = 655) of calls were made July–September, largely from the New England (n = 154 (15.4%)) and Pacific (n = 129 (12.9.%)) geographic divisions. Oral and dermal exposures predominated (n = 956 (95.7%)). Harmful algal bloom news publications increased overall, peaking in 2019 (n = 1834). Higher call volumes in summer and in the New England and Pacific geographic divisions drove HBGA call increases; public awareness might have contributed. Dogs and humans have similar exposure routes. ASPCA APCC HBGA call data could serve as a public health information source.
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Zirakzadeh, Cyrus Ernesto. "Centre Formation, Protest Movements, and Class Structure in Europe and the United States. Edited by S. N. Eisenstadt, L. Roniger, and A. Seligman (New York: New York University Press, 1987. 187p. $30.00)." American Political Science Review 82, no. 2 (June 1988): 654–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1957443.
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De Souza, Monique, Raghuwinder Singh, Nathan E. Harms, John McPhedran, and Alicyn N. Smart. "First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Septoria villarsiae on Nymphoides peltata in the United States." Plant Health Progress 22, no. 2 (January 1, 2021): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-12-20-0104-br.
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Nymphoides peltata, commonly known as yellow floating heart, is a freshwater aquatic plant with floating leaves. It is a highly invasive aquatic weed that has been introduced into several countries, including Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, and the United States. In September 2019, N. peltata plants exhibiting leaf spots were collected from a private pond near Buxton, York County, Maine. Leaf spots were present on a majority of plants, and pycnidia were observed in the center of the spots. Individual pycnidia were aseptically transferred to 1/4-strength potato dextrose agar. Dark gray to black slow-growing colonies were observed between 7 and 14 days. Based on the morphological characteristics, the fungus was identified as Septoria sp. Translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene was amplified, and a 570-bp sequence resulted in 100 and 99.74% homology with Septoria villarsiae strains CBS565.88 and CBS514.78 isolated from N. peltata in the Netherlands, respectively. Previously, S. villarsiae has been reported on Limnanthemum nymphoides from India and on N. peltata from Korea, Poland, Romania, and the Netherlands. To our knowledge, this is the first report of leaf spot caused by S. villarsiae on N. peltata in the United States.
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Madaras, Larry, Richard A. Diem, Kenneth G. Alfers, Elizabeth J. Wilcoxson, Victoria L. Enders, Robert Kern, Gerald H. Davis, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 11, no. 2 (May 4, 1986): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.11.2.80-96.
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Ralph Lee Woodward, Jr., Central America: A Nation Divided. New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. 390. Cloth, $22.50; Paper $8.95. Second Edition. Review by Donald J. Mabry of Mississippi State University. Edward M. Anson. A Civilization Primer. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985. Pp. 121. Spiral bound, $5.95. Review by Gordon R. Mork of Purdue University. Stephen J. Lee. Aspects of European History, 1494-1789. Second edition. London & New York: Methuen, 1984. Pp. viii, 312. Paper, $11.95. Review by Michael W. Howell of The School of the Ozarks. Roland N. Stromberg. European Intellectual History Since 1789. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1986. Fourth edition. Pp. x, 340. Paper, $18.95. Review by Irby C. Nichols, Jr. of North Texas State University. R. W. Southern. Medieval Humanism and Other Studies. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. 261. Cloth, $24.95; Paper, $10.95. Review by Benjamin F. Taggie of Central Michigan University. H. T. Dickinson. British Radicalism and the French Revolution, 1789-1815. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. 88. Paper, $6.95; F. D. Dow. Radicalism in the English Revolution, 1640-1660. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. 90. Paper, $6.95. Review by Harry E. Wade of East Texas State University. H. R. Kedward. Occupied France: Collaboration and Resistance 1940-1944. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. 88. $6.95; M. E. Chamberlain. Decolonization: The Fall of the European Empire. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. 86. $6.95. Review by Steven Philip Kramer of the University of New Mexico. Harriet Ward. World Powers in the Twentieth Century. London: British Broadcasting Corporation and the Heinemann Educational Books, 1985. Second edition. Pp. xvii, 333. Paper, $12.00. Review by Gerald H. Davis of Georgia State University. Paul Preston, ed. Revolution and War in Spain, 1931-1939. London and New York: Methuen, 1984. Pp. xi, 299. Cloth, $29.95: Paper, $12.95. Review by Robert Kern of the University of New Mexico. Glenn Blackburn. The West and the World Since 1945. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1985. Pp. vi, 152. Paper, $9.95. Review by Victoria L. Enders of Northern Arizona University. M. K. Dziewanowski. A History of Soviet Russia. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1985. Second edition. Pp. x, 406. Paper, $22.95. Review by Elizabeth J. Wilcoxson of Northern Essex Community College. Peter L. Steinberg. The Great "Red Menace": United States Prosecution of American Communists, 1947-1952. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1984. Pp. xiv, 311. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Kenneth G. Alfers of Mountain View College. Winthrop D. Jordan, Leon F. Litwack, Richard Hoftstadter, William Miller, Daniel Aaron. The United States: Brief Edition. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1985. Second Edition. Pp. xiv, 513. Paper, $19.95. Review by Richard A. Diem of The University of Texas at San Antonio. Edwin J. Perkins and Gary M. Walton. A Prosperous People: The Growth of the American Economy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1985. Pp. xiii, 240. Paper, $14.95. Review by Larry Madaras of Howard Community College.
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Myers, Andrew T., and James P. Gibbs. "Landscape-level Factors Influencing Bog Turtle Persistence and Distribution in Southeastern New York State." Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 4, no. 2 (April 1, 2013): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3996/052012-jfwm-044.
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Abstract The bog turtle Glyptemys muhlenbergii is a highly endangered species inhabiting freshwater wetlands of the eastern United States. Habitat degradation is considered one of the chief causes of bog turtle declines. Most of the studies investigating habitat requirements of bog turtles focus on intrawetland influences on bog turtle habitat, but few have explored landscape-level drivers of bog turtle distribution. To better understand causes of bog turtle declines, we combined bog turtle occurrence records with geographic data to contrast 12 landscape variables among wetlands containing extant populations of bog turtles (n = 65) and 500 nearby and 500 distant, randomly located wetlands in southeastern New York State. In contrast to randomly chosen wetlands, bog turtles have persisted in relatively large, open-canopy wetlands (typically >0.42 ha) within large watersheds (typically >13.54 ha), in wetlands with more numerous stream connections, and more often in wetlands positioned atop carbonaceous rock types. Wetlands occurring within carbonaceous surficial geological settings may be more resistant to bog turtle habitat degradation and hence likely to support more persistent populations of bog turtles. Our findings that geomorphic features and intrawetland vegetation are the most useful predictors of bog turtle occurrence and persistence in southeastern New York State are important for generating more detailed hypotheses regarding drivers of bog turtle declines and are also helpful for prioritizing sites for bog turtle conservation and guiding surveys to discover new populations.
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Sharma, DO, Aishwarya, and Sharon E. Mace, MD, FACEP, FAAP. "Nursing home evacuations due to disasters in the United States over 22.5 years from 1995 to 2017." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 16, no. 2 (August 26, 2021): 105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2021.0393.
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A large and growing segment of the United States population resides in nursing homes. Many nursing home residents have multiple comorbidities, are unable to perform activities of daily living, and need assistance for their daily functioning. They are some of the most fragile and vulnerable members of the population. Disasters are increasing in frequency and severity. This makes it likely that disasters will strike nursing homes and affect their residents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of disasters in the United States that resulted in nursing home evacuations. There were 51 reported nursing home evacuations due to a disaster over 22.5 years between 1995 and 2017. Natural disasters were responsible for the majority of evacuations (58.8 percent) followed by man-made unintentional disasters (37.3 percent) and man-made intentional (arson) (3.9 percent). The single most common reason for evacuation was hurricanes (23.5 percent, N = 12) and internal fires (23.5 percent, N = 12). Water-related disasters accounted for nearly three-fourths of the natural disasters (hurricanes 40 percent, N = 12; floods, 33.3 percent, N = 10; total 73.3 percent, N = 22), then snow/ice storms (13.3 percent, N = 4). Of man-made disasters, over two-thirds (66.7 percent) were due to internal fires (internal fires, n = 12, 57.1 percent and arson n = 2, 9.5 percent; total N = 14, 66.7 percent). The highest number of evacuations occurred in Texas, Louisiana, Missouri, New York, and Pennsylvania. This knowledge should enable nursing home administrators, disaster planners, public health officials, and others to improve preparedness for disasters that lead to nursing home evacuations.
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Leibo, Steven A., Abraham D. Kriegel, Roger D. Tate, Raymond J. Jirran, Bullitt Lowry, Sanford Gutman, Thomas T. Lewis, et al. "Book Reviews." Teaching History: A Journal of Methods 12, no. 2 (May 5, 1987): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33043/th.12.2.28-47.
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David K. Dunaway and Willa K. Baum, eds. Oral History: An Interdisciplinary Anthology. Nashville: American Assocation for State and Local History, 1984. Pp. xxiii, 436. Paper, $17.95 ($16.15 to AASLH members); cloth $29.50 ($26.95 to AASLH members). Review by Jacob L. Susskind of The Pennsylvania State University at Harrisburg. Salo W. Baron. The Contemporary Relevance of History: A Study in Approaches and Methods. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986. Pp. viii, 158. Cloth, $30.00; Stephen Vaughn, ed. The Vital Past: Writings on the Uses of History. Athens: The University of Georgia Press, 1985. Pp. 406. Paper, $12.95. Review by Michael T. Isenberg of the United States Naval Academy. Howard Budin, Diana S. Kendall and James Lengel. Using Computers in the Social Studies. New York and London: Teachers College Press, 1986. Pp. vii, 118. Paper, $11.95. Review by Francis P. Lynch of Central Connecticut State University. David F. Noble. Forces of Production: A Social History of Industrial Automation. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Pp. xviii, 409. Paper, $8.95. Review by Donn C. Neal of the Society of American Archivists. Alan L. Lockwood and David E. Harris. Reasoning with Democratic Values: Ethical Problems in United States History. New York and London: Teachers College Press, 1985. Volume 1: Pp. vii, 206. Paper, $8.95. Volume 2: Pp. vii, 319. Paper, $11.95. Instructor's Manual: Pp. 167. Paper, $11.95. Review by Robert W. Sellen of Georgia State University. James Atkins Shackford. David Crocketts: The Man and the Legend. Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press, 1986. Pp. xxv, 338. Paper, $10.95. Review by George W. Geib of Butler University. John R. Wunder, ed. At Home on the Range: Essays on the History of Western Social and Domestic Life. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 1985. Pp. xiii, 213. Cloth, $29.95. Review by Richard N. Ellis of Fort Lewis College. Sylvia R. Frey and Marian J. Morton, eds. New World, New Roles: A Documentary History of Women in Pre-Industrial America. New York, Westport, Connecticut, and London: Greenwood Press, 1986. Pp. ix, 246. Cloth, $35.00. Review by Barbara J. Steinson of DePauw University. Elizabeth Roberts. A Woman's Place: An Oral History of Working-Class Women, 1890-1940. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1985. Pp. vii, 246. Paper, $12.95. Review by Thomas T. Lewis of Mount Senario College. Steven Ozment. When Fathers Ruled: Family Life in Reformation Europe. Cambridge, Massachusetts, and London: Harvard University Press, 1983. Pp. viii, 283. Cloth, $17.50; Paper, $7.50. Review by Sanford Gutman of State University of New York, College at Cortland. Geoffrey Best. War and Society in Revolutionary Europe, 1770-1870. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 336. Paper, $9.95; Brian Bond. War and Society in Europe, 1870-1970. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 256. Paper, $9.95. Review by Bullitt Lowry of North Texas State University. Edward Norman. Roman Catholicism in England: From the Elizabethan Settlement to the Second Vatican Council. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1986. Pp. 138. Paper, $8.95; Karl F. Morrison, ed. The Church in the Roman Empire. Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1986. Pp. viii, 248. Cloth, $20.00; Paper, $7.95. Review by Raymond J. Jirran of Thomas Nelson Community College. Keith Robbins. The First World War. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1984. Pp. 186. Paper, $6.95; J. M. Winter. The Great War and the British People. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1986. Pp. xiv, 360. Cloth, $25.00. Review by Roger D. Tate of Somerset Community College. Gerhardt Hoffmeister and Frederic C. Tubach. Germany: 2000 Years-- Volume III, From the Nazi Era to the Present. New York: The Ungar Publishing Co., 1986. Pp. ix, 279. Cloth, $24.50. Review by Abraham D. Kriegel of Memphis State University. Judith M. Brown. Modern India: The Origins of an Asian Democracy. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1985. Pp. xvi, 429. Cloth, $29.95; Paper, $12.95. Review by Steven A. Leibo of Russell Sage College.
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Moran, Megan L., William Boyd, Jesse L. De La Cruz, Andrea S. Bertke, and W. Mark Ford. "Oral Sampling of Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus) Maternity Colonies for SARS-CoV-2 in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, USA." Animals 13, no. 4 (February 4, 2023): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13040550.
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The potential introduction of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, into North American bat populations is of interest to wildlife managers due to recent disease-mediated declines of several species. Populations of little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) have collapsed due to white-nose syndrome (WNS), a disease caused by the introduction and spread of the fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd). Throughout much of the United States and southern Canada, large colonies of the species routinely established diurnal roosts in anthropogenic structures, thereby creating the potential for direct human contact and cross-species disease transmission. Given recent declines and the potential for further disease impacts, we collected oral swabs from eight little brown bat maternity colonies to assess the presence and prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 by RT-qPCR analysis. Little brown bat colonies in Maryland (n = 1), New Hampshire (n = 1), New Jersey (n = 2), New York (n = 1), Rhode Island (n = 2), and Virginia (n = 1) were taken during May-August, 2022. From 235 assayed individuals, no bat tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Our results indicate that little brown bats may not contract SARS-CoV-2 or that the virus persists at undetectable levels in populations of the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast during summer months. Nonetheless, continued monitoring and future work addressing other seasons may still be warranted to conclusively determine infection status.
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Jensen-Tracy, S., S. Kenaley, G. Hudler, T. Harrington, and C. Logue. "First Report of the Oak Wilt Fungus, Ceratocystis fagacearum, in New York State." Plant Disease 93, no. 4 (April 2009): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-93-4-0428b.
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Ceratocystis fagacearum (T.W. Bretz) J. Hunt is considered to be the most destructive vascular pathogen of oaks (Fagaceae: Quercus spp.) in the eastern, north-central, and south-central United States. (1,2,4). All red oak species (subgenus Quercus: section Lobatae) are highly susceptible to C. fagacearum, and infected trees typically die within 3 months of first symptom expression. However, members of the white oak group (subgenus Quercus: section Quercus) are moderately to highly resistant to C. fagacearum and rarely die from oak wilt (1,3). In early August of 2008, we received branch samples taken from wilting red oaks (Q. rubra L.) growing in a residential neighborhood in Scotia, NY (Schenectady County). The endoconidial state of the oak wilt fungus, Thielaviopsis quercina (B.W. Henry) A.E. Paulin, T.C. Harr. & McNew, was consistently isolated from the xylem in the branches. The cultures were identified based on hyphal and conidial morphology on acidified potato dextrose agar (aPDA) as well as sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) (GenBank Accession No. FJ347031) and large subunit (LSU) (GenBank Accession No. FJ347030) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA). The nucleotide identities for the ITS and LSU sequences were a precise match, 99 and 100%, to rDNA sequences (GenBank Accession Nos. AF043598 and AF222483, respectively) of other isolates of C. fagacearum. According to the homeowners at the site, 12 red oaks have died during the last 3 years, and each tree died within one growing season after oak wilt-like symptoms were noted. In a brief survey of nearby properties in late August of 2008, we found 12 additional trees that were either expressing crown symptoms of oak wilt (e.g., premature leaf casting, bronzing of leaf margins, and water-soaked leaves) or were standing dead and within close proximity (5 to 10 m) to symptomatic trees. Branch samples from four of the symptomatic trees revealed limited (spotted) or no vascular discoloration; however, C. fagacearum was isolated from each suspect tree on aPDA. Remnants of gray mycelial mats and associated pressure cushions were observed beneath the bark of one standing dead oak. The sweet fruit-like odor characteristic of the oak wilt fungus was immediately evident once the bark overlying the mats was removed. Prior to this discovery, the Susquehanna River in north-central Pennsylvania was considered to be the northeastern limit for oak wilt occurrence in the United States (2,4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of the fungus from New York and expands the known range of C. fagacearum to the northeast by at least 300 km, supporting the hypothesis that the range of this fungus continues to expand via animal vectors and/or human activities (2). An isolate of C. fagacearum from New York has been deposited at the Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures (CBS 123913). References: (1) D. N. Appel. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 33:103, 1995. (2) J. Juzwik et al. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 46:13, 2008. (3) W. L. MacDonald et al. European oaks-susceptible to oak wilt? Page 131 in: Shade Tree Wilt Diseases. C. L. Ash, ed. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 2001. (4) USDA Forest Service. Oak Wilt Distribution. Northeast Area, State and Private Forestry, St. Paul, MN. Online publication, 2005.
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Shah, Urvi A., Nishi Shah, Baozhen Qiao, Ana Acuna Villaorduna, Aditi Shastri, Ioannis Mantzaris, Olga Derman, et al. "The Rising Number of Adult T Cell Leukemia Lymphoma (ATLL) Cases in Non-Hispanic Blacks and Its Association with Poor Outcomes." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 1642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-111721.
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Abstract Introduction Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare, aggressive T cell neoplasm associated with a retrovirus human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-1) and carries a dismal prognosis. Within the United States, New York, and Florida see the majority of cases due to the concentration of Caribbean immigrants (Zell, Assal et al. 2016, Malpica, Pimentel et al. 2018). SEER data does not include states like New York and Florida where most cases are seen and therefore a true estimate of the disease burden in this country is not known (Chihara, Ito et al. 2012, Adams, Newcomb et al. 2016). Aim We aim to study the epidemiology and clinical outcomes of ATLL in the United States particularly in the state of New York. Methods Data for New York was obtained from the New York State Cancer Registry (NYSCR). Data were also retrieved from 18 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries in the United States. Patients with ATLL (HTLV-1 positive) (includes all variants) were categorized using the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, Third Edition codes ICD-O-3 as 9827/3. Race/ethnicity was categorized as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, all Hispanic and other/unknown in the NYSCR whereas it was categorized as non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, all Hispanic, non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, and non-Hispanic unknown race in SEER. ATLL patients ≥ 15 years of age were identified from 1995 to 2014 in SEER and all ages were included in NYSCR. Survival was estimated from SEER follow-up data with Kaplan Meier survival analysis. For NYSCR mean and median survival time (month) for deceased patients - cases diagnosed through death certificate only were removed. NYSCR does not conduct active patient follow-up and assumes patients are still alive if we didn't find a deathmatch through vital record or National Death Index linkages. Results Five hundred and eleven patients with ATLL were identified in SEER. These patients had a median survival of 8 months (m) which was worse than all other subtypes of peripheral T cell lymphoma. (Figure 1) Four hundred and twenty-nine patients with ATLL were identified in NYSCR and these patients had a median survival of 4.5 m. (Figure 2) Over the years from 2000 until 2014 the number of cases diagnosed within SEER registry coverage areas has not changed. In New York state however there has been a doubling in the number of cases diagnosed from 1995 to 2014. (Figure 3A, B) The non-Hispanic black population was diagnosed at a median age of 52.5 in SEER and 54 in NYSCR while the non-Hispanic whites were diagnosed at a median age of 71 in SEER and 64.5 in NYSCR. The Hispanic patients were diagnosed at a median age of 58.5 in NYSCR and 52.5 in SEER. (Figure 4A, B) There was no gender predominance with 50% males in both registries. ATLL patients in SEER were 47.2% non-Hispanic white, 31.7% non-Hispanic black, 9.8% Hispanic and 11.4% other/unknown. There were 5.5% Japanese patients (n=28) diagnosed in SEER. NYSCR had 22.4% non-Hispanic white, 59.4% non-Hispanic black, 15.9% Hispanic and 2.3% other/unknown. (Figure 5A, B) Within SEER registries most cases occurred in New Jersey, California, Connecticut and Georgia. (Figure 6) New York state had a significantly higher number of cases than these states. Seventy four percent cases diagnosed within New York state are diagnosed in New York city and only 26% of cases are diagnosed in upstate New York. Based on reported country of birth within New York state, only 27% of the ATLL cases diagnosed are born in the US whereas 49% are born in the Caribbean (most likely to be from Jamaica, Dominican Republic and Haiti). (Figure 7A, B, C) For SEER and NYSCR the age-adjusted cancer incidence rate by race year and other factors will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions ATLL has a worse prognosis than all other PTCL subtypes. New York State has a high endemicity for ATLL with a rising number of cases. The higher percentage of non-Hispanic black patients in New York compared to the rest of the country is consistent with the diverse racial demographics in this state. Survival varied significantly by race/ethnicity and disparities were evident especially for non-Hispanic blacks who were diagnosed at a younger median age and had a shorter survival. Further research into this aggressive disease is needed to improve outcomes for these patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kelly, Mckelvey. "Replanting Cultures: Community-Engaged Scholarship in Indian Country by Chief Benjamin J. Barnes, Stephen Warren (eds). United Kingdom: State University of New York Press, 2022. 376pp. ISBN 9781438489957." Engaged Scholar Journal: Community-Engaged Research, Teaching, and Learning 9, no. 1 (September 3, 2023): 97–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15402/esj.v9i1.70840.
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Harpster, Nick. "Book Review: Frost, N. A. (2006). The Punitive State: Crime, Punishment, and Imprisonment Across the United States. New York: LFB Scholarly. xi, 267 pp." Criminal Justice Review 34, no. 2 (May 15, 2009): 282–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016808328811.
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Lilleker, Darren G. "Political Advertising in the United States. By Erika Franklin Fowler, Michael M. Franz, and Travis N. Ridout. New York: Westview Books. 2016. 216p. $29.00." Perspectives on Politics 14, no. 4 (December 2016): 1217–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537592716003637.
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Swearingen, Alyssa, Mary Gao, Pearl Ugwu-Dike, Avani Kolla Patel, Jenne P. Ingrassia, Suzanne Vang, Prince Adotama, Jennifer A. Stein, Soutrik Mandal, and David Polsky. "Disparities in the initial presentation of melanoma across two socioeconomically diverse New York City neighborhoods." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2024): 1593. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.1593.
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1593 Background: Disparities in stage at diagnosis among melanoma patients are often seen between urban and rural communities, with patients in rural areas being diagnosed with more advanced tumors. Factors contributing to the disparities include decreased access to dermatologists in rural areas, and lower socioeconomic status (SES). We investigated urban disparities in melanoma T stage at diagnosis among patients residing in 2 New York City (NYC) neighborhoods of differing SES and receiving care within the NYU Langone Health System. The neighborhoods were: Upper East Side (UES) and Brighton Beach/Coney Island (BB/CI). Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review (NYU IRB 23-01020) of melanoma patients (N=243) diagnosed from 2018-2022 using ICD-10-CM codes: C43 (malignant melanoma of skin); D03 (melanoma in situ); and Z85.820 (personal history of malignant melanoma of skin). For community-level data we used the American Academy of Dermatology’s “Find a Dermatologist” search function to locate member-dermatologists; New York State Cancer Registry data (2016-2020) to determine annual melanoma incidence; and the United States Census Bureau Public Use Microdata Areas to determine the proportion of Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW), income levels, and educational attainment. The distribution of T stages was compared using a chi-square test. A two-sample test was used to assess equality of proportions. Results: In UES, the annual melanoma incidence was 30.2/100,000 (95% CI: 27.4-33.2); NHW comprised 74.6% of the population; the median household income was $135,820; 78% attained education higher than high school; and there are 190 dermatologists within a 0.5-mile radius. In BB/CI the annual melanoma incidence was 14/100,000 (95% CI: 11.6-16.9); NHW comprised 55.1% of the population; the median household income was $43,118; 46% attained education higher than high school; and there is 1 dermatologist within a 0.5-mile radius. There are 15 dermatologists within a 3.0-mile radius. 155 and 88 patients met inclusion criteria in UES and BB/CI respectively. The distribution of T stages (i.e. Tis to T4) was significantly different between UES and BB/CI with higher proportions of advanced stage tumors in BB/CI (p=0.0002). Specifically, the proportion of (T2+T3+T4) tumors/total melanomas was 35/155 (23%) in UES; and 41/88(47%) in BB/CI (p<0.0001). For reference, the proportion of T2+T3+T4 melanomas in the United States is 30%. Conclusions: We identified substantial disparities in the initial presentation of melanoma in 2 NYC neighborhoods, with proportionately more advanced stage tumors in the community of low educational attainment, less access to dermatologic services, and lesser household income. Neighborhood-based approaches to uncover melanoma disparities can identify areas for community outreach and engagement efforts to improve melanoma awareness and access to dermatologic care.
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Merwin, Ian A., John A. Ray, Tammo S. Steenhuis, and Jan Boll. "Groundcover Management Systems Influence Fungicide and Nitrate-N Concentrations in Leachate and Runoff from a New York Apple Orchard." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 121, no. 2 (March 1996): 249–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.121.2.249.
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Commercial apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards in the northeastern United States receive heavy pesticide inputs and are often located on well-drained soils near surface and groundwater resources. Nonpoint-source water pollution by agrichemicals has been monitored in agronomic crop systems and simulated using computer models and laboratory soil columns, but inadequately studied at field scale in orchards. We monitored the concentrations of agrichemical tracers, nitrate-N, and benomyl fungicide in water samples from two apple orchards under mowed sodgrass (Mowed-Sod), shredded bark mulch (Bark-Mulch), preemergence residual herbicides (Resid-Herb), and postemergence herbicide (Post-Herb) groundcover management systems (GMSs). In one orchard, we evaluated subsurface spatial patterns and flow rates of a weakly adsorbed blue dye (pesticide analog) and potassium bromide (nitrate analog) under trees after six years of Post-Herb and Mowed-Sod treatments. Nitrate and pesticide tracers leached more rapidly and in higher concentrations under Post-Herb treatments, apparently via preferential macropore flowpaths such as root channels, soil cracks, and macrofauna burrows. At another orchard, we monitored subsurface leaching and surface runoff of benomyl and nitrate-N on a whole-field scale. Peak concentrations of benomyl (up to 29 mg·liter-1) and nitrates (up to 20 mg·liter-1) were observed in subsoil leachate under Resid-Herb plots during 1993. In 1994, nitrate concentrations were greater in leachate from all GMSs, with upper ranges from 48 to 66 mg·liter-1, while benomyl concentrations were lower in all GMSs compared with the previous summer. In surface water runoff during 1993, the highest benomyl concentrations (387 mg·liter-1) and most frequent outflows occurred in Resid-Herb plots. During 1994, benomyl runoff was more frequent in both herbicide GMSs, with concentrations up to 61 mg·liter-1 observed in the Post-Herb plots. Weather patterns, irrigation intensity, differing soil conditions under each GMS, and the turfgrass/clover drive lanes affected the relative frequency and concentrations of benomyl and nitrate leaching and runoff. Preferential bypass flow appeared to be a major subsurface leaching pathway, and erosion sediment an important factor in surface movement of these agrichemicals. Our studies suggest that nitrate-N and benomyl fungicide may be more prone to leaching or runoff from orchard soils under some herbicide GMSs in comparison with mowed sodgrass or biomass mulch systems.
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Singer, Stacy D., and Kerik D. Cox. "The Reemergence and Management of Currant Cane Dieback in the Northeastern United States." Plant Disease 94, no. 11 (November 2010): 1283–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-04-10-0295.
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Currant cane dieback, caused by the fungus Botryosphaeria ribis (syn. Neofusicoccum ribis), devastated currant production in the northeastern United States approximately a century ago. Later epidemics of this disease were halted by bans on the planting of Ribes spp. to control white pine blister rust, but since regulations restricting the planting of currants were removed in the 1980s and 1990s, currant cane dieback has reemerged in the northeastern United States. In this study, we obtained fungal isolates from diseased canes at four production operations in New York and Connecticut. We confirmed the isolates as N. ribis on the basis of morphology and ribosomal DNA sequence analysis, and verified pathogenicity through inoculation of healthy currant bushes. Furthermore, field trials to study the effects of cultivar, pruning of symptomatic canes, and fungicide applications were conducted over 2 years. Differences in Ribes cultivar susceptibility to N. ribis were demonstrated, with a pink fruiting cultivar (Pink Champagne) having lower levels of dieback compared to two red cultivars (Rovada and Jonkheer van Tets) and one white cultivar (Blanka) evaluated. While there were no consistent reductions in cane dieback incidence over both years and for all cultivars when pruning or fungicide treatments (copper hydroxide and sulfur applications) were used alone, fungicide treatment combined with pruning resulted in significant (P < 0.05) reductions (>80%) in the incidence of dieback compared to bushes not treated with fungicide or pruned.
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Soeters, Heidi, Amy Blain, How-Yi Chang, Melissa Whaley, and Jessica Macneil. "Current Epidemiology of Serogroup W Meningococcal Disease—United States, 2010–2015." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx162.017.
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Abstract Background Serogroup W (NmW) meningococcal disease is a rare but severe infection. Following an NmW outbreak after the Hajj in 2000, NmW disease, predominantly caused by sequence type (ST)-11 clonal complex (cc), rapidly increased in South Africa, South America, and the UK. We describe NmW meningococcal disease epidemiology in the USA during 2010–2015. Methods Data were collected from the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System, Active Bacterial Core surveillance, and state health departments. Isolates were serogrouped via slide agglutination and real-time polymerase chain reaction. For cases lacking a serogroup result at CDC, the state result was used. Case-fatality ratios (CFR) were calculated using the proportion of cases with known outcomes as the denominator. cc and ST were determined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Results From 2010 to 2015, 3,504 meningococcal disease cases were reported to CDC; 2,976 (85%) had a serogroup result, of which 290 (10%) were NmW. Although the number of NmW cases reported annually remained fairly stable (range: 40–57), the total number of reported meningococcal disease cases decreased by 60%, and the proportion of cases due to NmW increased from 6% (42/830) in 2010 to 12% (40/332) in 2015. The majority of NmW cases were reported from five states: Florida (n = 106), California (n = 31), New York (n = 25), Georgia (n = 19), and Oregon (n = 11). Half of people with NmW disease were male, 185 (64%) were white, and 84 (29%) were Hispanic. The median age was 51 years (interquartile range: 26–70). Overall, 20% (52/259) of NmW cases were fatal, compared with CFRs for serogroups B (15%), Y (18%), or C (24%). NmW CFR was highest among adults aged 50–59 years (38%). MLST results were available for 119 (41%) of NmW cases: 76 (64%) were cc11, 40 (34%) were cc22, and 1 each were cc23, cc32, and an unassigned cc. cc appeared to be geographically associated: cc11 was concentrated in Florida and Georgia, while cc22 predominated on the West coast. Within cc11, the majority of isolates (86%) were ST-11, and within cc22 the majority (73%) were ST-22. Conclusion A rapid increase in NmW disease has not been observed in the USA. Most NmW cases were reported in a limited number of states, with geographic differences in clonal complex. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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LEE, JANE J., and YUANJIN ZHOU. "How do Latino Immigrants Perceive the Current Sociopolitical Context? Identifying Opportunities to Improve Immigrant Health in the United States." Journal of Social Policy 49, no. 1 (March 12, 2019): 167–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279419000163.
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AbstractMigration is an important social determinant of health for immigrants in the United States. Increased attention on Latino immigrants in recent years has sparked interest in policies that affect this population. While prior research has assessed the potential health impact of specific immigration policies, there is limited understanding of how the overall sociopolitical context shapes the health of Latino immigrants. This study examines the potential mechanisms that link the sociopolitical context and health among Latino immigrants. Specifically, we explore how perceptions of the sociopolitical context are implicated in this relationship. Qualitative interviews with community gatekeepers (n=13) and Latino immigrants (n=34) in New York City revealed general perceptions about the overall sociopolitical context, which were characterized by discrimination towards immigrants, unpredictable and mercurial circumstances, and confusion and lack of information. These perceptions influenced participants’ psycho-emotional health and health-related behaviors. Findings suggest the importance of integrating immigrants’ perceptions of the sociopolitical context into health promotion efforts. Furthermore, findings demonstrate the need for paradigm shifts in developing policy-related actions to integrate immigrants’ perspectives. We propose an integrated, multi-level framework to guide future research and practice regarding social determinants of immigrant health.
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Paul, Joanna. "Reception." Greece and Rome 64, no. 2 (October 2017): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017383517000146.
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In American Arcadia, Peter Holliday offers readers a sumptuous and fascinating account of ‘California and the Classical Tradition’. Beautifully presented and illustrated, this book is not only a thought-provoking and pleasurable read but also a valuable addition to the body of scholarship that has explored classical receptions in the United States at some length in recent years. Much of that scholarship has focused on now familiar terrain, from the fixation on antiquity in Hollywood and popular culture more broadly, to the grandiose evocations of classical architecture in eastern cities such as Washington, DC, and New York. California, by contrast, for all its prominence on the world stage and in the cultural imagination, might not spring so readily to mind as a rich locus of classical receptions, but Holliday convincingly demonstrates ‘how Californians used classical antiquity as a metaphor for fashioning the Golden State and their own lives in it’ (355). Although well-known buildings such as the Getty Villa, Hearst Castle, and Caesar's Palace rightly receive lengthy discussion, there are a wealth of examples which are likely to be new to many readers, from the nineteenth-century Hungarian refugee building a Pompeian villa in a self-consciously Arcadian landscape, to the 1960s development of the CalArts campus, whose Modernist architects yet proclaimed their debt to Athens and Rome. Nor is the book solely concerned with architecture. Although the built environment is at its core, the full range of Californian identification with, and appropriation of, classical imagery and ideology is explored. The final chapter, for example, shows how pursuers of the quintessentially Californian healthy lifestyle and body beautiful knowingly looked to classical paradigms on multiple occasions. Resisting the temptation to frame all of this in a conventional ‘classical tradition’ approach, Holliday takes pains to show the full extent of the interaction and innovation that characterizes Californian classicism, and the resulting study is highly recommended.
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Kim, Jeungkun, and Suk-Young Kang. "Sociocultural Differences in Accepting Technology for Older Adults Between South Korea and the United States." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 549. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2108.
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Abstract In recent years, Western-originated technology products for older adults are rapidly spreading in Korea, but discussions on technology acceptance taking into account the socio-cultural characteristics of older adults in Korea are relatively insufficient. The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of the socio-cultural characteristics of Korean older adults on their intention to use technology compared to the United States. Due to Covid-19, a telephone and non-face-to-face survey was conducted for older adults aged 65-95 residing in New York State in the U.S. and the metropolitan area of South Korea from September 2020 to January 2021(N=155 in South Korea, N=180 in the U.S.).In this study, the expanded technology acceptance model for older adults was conceptualized, and socio-cultural factors were used as mediators or modulators. Results show that Korean older adults had higher expectations that technology use would have a positive impact on their lives, and their product purchase intentions were higher than those in the United States(p<0.001). The main reason was that Korean older adults were less anxious about the leakage of personal information, had higher national trust and were relatively less resistant to robots than American older adults. In addition, Korean older adults were more confident that they could receive help in case of problems with technology products than their counterparts in the United States. This study suggests practical and policy alternatives for securing technology acceptance of older adults, taking into account the social and cultural factors of Korea and the United States.
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Kim, Sangmi, Eun-Ok Im, Jianghong Liu, and Connie Ulrich. "Factor Structure for Chronic Stress Before and During Pregnancy by Racial/Ethnic Group." Western Journal of Nursing Research 41, no. 5 (July 18, 2018): 704–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193945918788852.
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This study aimed to explore race/ethnicity-specific dimensionalities of chronic stress before and during pregnancy for non-Hispanic (N-H) White, N-H Black, Hispanic, and Asian women in the United States. This study analyzed the data among 6,850 women from the New York City and Washington State Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (2004-2007) linked with birth certificates. Separate exploratory factor analysis was conducted by race/ethnicity using a maximum-likelihood extraction method with 26 chronic stress items before and during pregnancy. Correlations and internal consistency reliabilities among items and latent factors determined race/ethnicity-specific factor structures of chronic stress. Chronic stress was race/ethnicity-distinctive and multidimensional with low correlations among the factors ( r = .07-.28, p < .05). Despite financial hardship, perceived isolation, and physical violence underlying chronic stress among the racial/ethnic groups, intergroup variations existed under each group’s cultural or sociopolitical contexts. This study could help develop targeted strategies to intervene with women’s chronic stressors before childbirth.
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Sweet, Stephen. "The Effect of a Natural Disaster on Social Cohesion: A Longitudinal Study." International Journal of Mass Emergencies & Disasters 16, no. 3 (November 1998): 321–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/028072709801600305.
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On January 8, 1998, a severe ice storm devastated electrical power grids and caused extensive environmental damage in the northeastern United States and southeastern Canada. This study examines the effect this natural disaster had on perceptions of social relations in the village of Potsdam, a rural community in northern New York State. Residents (N = 88) were surveyed on their perceptions of their community one month following the disaster. These data are compared with a survey (N = 127) of community perceptions conducted three. years prior to the disaster. These two surveys provide a rare opportunity to perform a longitudinal study of the effects of the disaster on social cohesion. Findings indicate that social cohesion increases in the immediate aftermath of the disaster. However, one month after the disaster, perceptions of the community return to predisaster levels. This study indicates that there are few lasting effects on social cohesion resulting from a natural disaster.
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Kaplun, Olga, Kalie Smith, Teresa Khoo, Eric Spitzer, Fredric Weinbaum, and Luis A. Marcos. "665. Key Clinical and Laboratory Features in Early Diagnosis of Ehrlichiosis in an Endemic Area of Long Island, New York." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 5, suppl_1 (November 2018): S240—S241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofy210.672.
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Abstract Background Human monocytic ehrlichiosis (HME) is a tick-borne disease caused by Ehrlichia chafeensis in the northeast United States. Suffolk County, New York has the highest amount of HME cases in NY (176 from 2010 to 2014). Our aim is to identify risk factors for HME and compare clinical presentation and laboratory findings of young vs. older adults. Methods A retrospective chart review from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017 was performed on all patients ≥18 years who presented to the ER at Stony Brook University Hospital (SBUH) or Stony Brook Southampton Hospital (SBSH) with (i) ICD-9 code 082.4 or ICD-10 code A77.40 and (ii) a positive E. Chafeensis PCR. Data were collected on demographics, clinical presentation, and laboratory results. Results Twenty-seven cases of HME were found and separated into Group 1 (G1, n = 10) or Group 2 (G2, n = 17) based on age (Table 1). G1 had a significantly higher chance of being Hispanic than G2. Twenty-four of the 27 patients (89%) were hospitalized with an average length of stay of 3.4 days (range 1–14 days).The only significant difference in clinical presentation was that G1 was more likely to have myalgia (P = 0.02). 40% or more of patients in both groups presented with an acute kidney injury and the average length of hospital stay in days was 4.0 ± 2.9 and 3.2 ± 3.1 for G1 and G2, respectively. The number of cases overall have increased 6.0% per year between 2014 and 2017. Thrombocytopenia presented in all cases. Conclusion. HME is prevalent in Suffolk County. Clinical presentation and laboratory findings were largely similar between the two groups, except the younger population more often presented with myalgia. A risk factor in this study was to be young and Hispanic, likely due to occupational exposure. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
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Casillo, Stephanie M., Anisha Venkatesh, Nallammai Muthiah, Michael M. McDowell, and Nitin Agarwal. "First Female Neurosurgeon in the United States: Dorothy Klenke Nash, MD." Neurosurgery 89, no. 4 (July 22, 2021): E223—E228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyab246.
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Abstract Dr Dorothy Klenke Nash (1898-1976) became the first female neurosurgeon in the United States in 1928 and maintained her status as the country's only female neurosurgeon until 1960. She graduated with her medical degree from the Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1927 and then trained at the Neurologic Institute of New York under Dr Byron Stookey. During her training, she contributed to the advancement of neurosurgical practice through academic research. In 1931, she married Charles B. Nash, and together they had 2 children, George (1932) and Dorothy Patricia (1937). Dr Nash became a senior surgeon at St. Margaret's Hospital in Pittsburgh in 1942. Shortly thereafter, she joined the inaugural University of Pittsburgh Department of Neurosurgery led by Dr Stuart N. Rowe and became an instructor of neurosurgery at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine. In acknowledgment of her advocacy for public access to services for mental health and cerebral palsy, Dr Nash was recognized as a Distinguished Daughter of Pennsylvania (1953) and honored by Mercy Hospital (1957), Bryn Mawr College (1960), and Columbia University (1968). She retired from neurosurgical practice in 1965, at which time she devoted herself to her grandchildren and her Catholic faith. She died on March 5, 1976 at the age of 77. With unwavering tenacity, Dr Nash paved the way for all women in neurosurgery.
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Davis, Alissa, Dawn Goddard-Eckrich, Anindita Dasgupta, and Nabila El-Bassel. "Risk factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among women under community supervision in New York City." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 8 (February 22, 2018): 766–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462418755223.
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The number of women under community supervision in the United States has increased, and this population has a high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined STI prevalence and multiple risk factors among drug-involved women under community supervision in New York City. Data were from a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a behavioral HIV/STI intervention (Women on the Road to Health [WORTH]) among drug-involved women in the community corrections system in New York City from 2009 to 2012. To be eligible for inclusion, women had to be under community supervision within the past 90 days, have used illicit drugs at least once in the past six months, and have unprotected sex at least once in the past 90 days. Participants completed a survey containing items on STI risk factors and were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Multivariable regression was used to examine associations between risk factors and STI diagnosis. Of 333 women tested, 89 (26.7%) tested positive for an STI. Ten (3.0%) were positive for C. trachomatis, 4 (1.2%) for N. gonorrhoeae, and 77 (23.1%) for T. vaginalis. Women with any STI were more likely to be black (AOR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.08–3.77), homeless in the past 90 days (AOR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.01–4.26), arrested in the past 90 days (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.14–3.39), and have a greater number of sexual partners in the past 90 days (AOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.08–1.42). Drug-using women under community supervision have a high burden of STIs driven by multiple risk factors. Implementing STI screening, prevention, and treatment programs in community supervision settings could facilitate a reduction in STIs among this population.
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Van Wyk, Steward. "Die intellektuele geskiedenis van bruin intelligentsia: ’n herbesoek aan P. J. Philander (1921–2006)." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 59, no. 3 (September 18, 2022): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/tl.v59i3.12510.
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The intellectual history of Coloured intelligentsia in the middle of the previous century is often characterised by a sharp division between moderates and radicals. The historiography of Coloured people is relatively limited but a few scholars have studied their intellectual formation against the background of historical circumstances, their specific biography and institutional operations. In this article I give a broad overview of the intellectual history and historiography of Coloured intelligentsia. I focus in more detail on the poet and educationist P. J. Philander. He is associated with the moderate grouping and characterised as a political gradualist who favoured steady and incremental changes in the political towards democracy. I argue for further engagement with the ideas and actions of the poet and propose that liberal sentiments in his life and work provide further and important perspectives. This would also explain his disenchantment with the apartheid regime and his consequent decision to emigrate to the United States of America where he pursued a long and illustrious career as an educator at a Quaker School in New York. I analyse two texts with an autobiographical purview to indicate these strands of liberal influence and thought.
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Budhwani, Henna, and Ruoyan Sun. "Creating COVID-19 Stigma by Referencing the Novel Coronavirus as the “Chinese virus” on Twitter: Quantitative Analysis of Social Media Data." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 5 (May 6, 2020): e19301. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/19301.
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Background Stigma is the deleterious, structural force that devalues members of groups that hold undesirable characteristics. Since stigma is created and reinforced by society—through in-person and online social interactions—referencing the novel coronavirus as the “Chinese virus” or “China virus” has the potential to create and perpetuate stigma. Objective The aim of this study was to assess if there was an increase in the prevalence and frequency of the phrases “Chinese virus” and “China virus” on Twitter after the March 16, 2020, US presidential reference of this term. Methods Using the Sysomos software (Sysomos, Inc), we extracted tweets from the United States using a list of keywords that were derivatives of “Chinese virus.” We compared tweets at the national and state levels posted between March 9 and March 15 (preperiod) with those posted between March 19 and March 25 (postperiod). We used Stata 16 (StataCorp) for quantitative analysis, and Python (Python Software Foundation) to plot a state-level heat map. Results A total of 16,535 “Chinese virus” or “China virus” tweets were identified in the preperiod, and 177,327 tweets were identified in the postperiod, illustrating a nearly ten-fold increase at the national level. All 50 states witnessed an increase in the number of tweets exclusively mentioning “Chinese virus” or “China virus” instead of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or coronavirus. On average, 0.38 tweets referencing “Chinese virus” or “China virus” were posted per 10,000 people at the state level in the preperiod, and 4.08 of these stigmatizing tweets were posted in the postperiod, also indicating a ten-fold increase. The 5 states with the highest number of postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Pennsylvania (n=5249), New York (n=11,754), Florida (n=13,070), Texas (n=14,861), and California (n=19,442). Adjusting for population size, the 5 states with the highest prevalence of postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Arizona (5.85), New York (6.04), Florida (6.09), Nevada (7.72), and Wyoming (8.76). The 5 states with the largest increase in pre- to postperiod “Chinese virus” tweets were Kansas (n=697/58, 1202%), South Dakota (n=185/15, 1233%), Mississippi (n=749/54, 1387%), New Hampshire (n=582/41, 1420%), and Idaho (n=670/46, 1457%). Conclusions The rise in tweets referencing “Chinese virus” or “China virus,” along with the content of these tweets, indicate that knowledge translation may be occurring online and COVID-19 stigma is likely being perpetuated on Twitter.
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Klikauer, Thomas, Norman Simms, Marcus Colla, Nicolas Wittstock, Matthew Specter, Kate R. Stanton, John Bendix, and Bernd Schaefer. "Book Reviews." German Politics and Society 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 104–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/gps.2022.400106.
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Heinrich Detering, Was heißt hier “wir”? Zur Rhetorik der parlamentarischen Rechten (Dietzingen: Reclam Press, 2019).Clare Copley, Nazi Buildings: Cold War Traces and Governmentality in Post-Unification Berlin (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2020).Tobias Schulze-Cleven and Sidney A. Rothstein, eds., Imbalance: Germany’s Political Economy after the Social Democratic Century (Abingdon: Routledge, 2021).Benedikt Schoenborn, Reconciliation Road: Willy Brandt, Ostpolitik and the Quest for European Peace (New York: Berghahn Books, 2020).Tiffany N. Florvil, Mobilizing Black Germany: Afro-German Women and the Making of a Transnational Movement (Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2020).Ingo Cornils, Beyond Tomorrow: German Science Fiction and Utopian Thought in the 20th and 21st Centuries (Rochester, NY: Camden House, 2020).Christian F. Ostermann, Between Containment and Rollback: The United States and the Cold War in Germany (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2021).
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Sloan, Pessy J. "Increasing Gifted Women’s Pursuit of STEM: Possible Role of NYC Selective Specialized Public High Schools." Journal for the Education of the Gifted 43, no. 2 (March 24, 2020): 167–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0162353220912026.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines female graduates ( N = 616) from seven honors colleges in the Northeastern United States and the relationship between attending a New York City (NYC) selective specialized public high school and graduating with a science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) degree from an honors college. A causal-comparative study design was applied. The study found a significant difference ( p < .05) in choice of college major (STEM vs non-STEM) between participants who graduated from a NYC selective specialized public high school and those who graduated from any other high school. These results support a positive relationship for female students between attending a NYC selective specialized public high school and graduating from an honors college with a degree in STEM. The implications of providing an appropriately challenging education for gifted female students are discussed.