Academic literature on the topic 'United Nations – Popular works'
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Journal articles on the topic "United Nations – Popular works"
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Mansbach, Steven. "Delayed Discovery or Willful Forgetting? The Reception of Polish Classical Modernism in America." Slavic Review 71, no. 3 (2012): 489–515. http://dx.doi.org/10.5612/slavicreview.71.3.0489.
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Polish modern art was collected by leading figures within America's cultural vanguard. Most prized the art's stylistic innovation; they were likely unaware of the ideological charge that animated modernism's makers. By the end of the 1930s, numerous exhibitions of Polish art had been mounted in the United States; however, few concentrated on strikingly innovative works, preferring instead traditional themes, genres, and styles. Nonetheless, Poland's modernist efforts garnered popular success at the New York World's Fair of 1939. The modern art from other central and eastern European nations was actively promoted by its makers, who had immigrated to the United States. Poland's modern art did not benefit from a similar presence, its modernists having mostly elected to remain in their native land. The paucity of Polish artists in 1930s America compromised their chance to exercise an influential role just as the United States was consolidating an international canon of modern art.
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Feller, Daniel, and John Lauritz Larson. "Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States." Journal of American History 88, no. 4 (March 2002): 1513. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2700637.
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Bergeron, Paul H., and John Lauritz Larson. "Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States." Journal of the Early Republic 21, no. 3 (2001): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3125282.
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Freyer, Tony A., and John Lauritz Larson. "Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States." American Journal of Legal History 45, no. 1 (January 2001): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3185356.
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Kryvak, Tetyana. "THE UNITED NATIONS IN THE MODERN WORLD AND ISSUES OF FORENSIC EXAMINATION IN ITS ACTIVITIES." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 67 (August 9, 2022): 94–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2022.67.11.
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The role of forensic science and the work of an expert in the activities of the United Nations is considered. The author analyzes the main and most popular areas of involvement of forensic experts, the requirements for their qualifications, as well as guarantees for the protection of their activities. It is noted that the United Nations is increasingly emphasizing the importance of further increasing the role of forensic science in the administration of criminal justice and the need to further develop the international relations of forensic institutions in the world. It is concluded that the considered United Nations approaches to the issues of forensic examination and examples of the use of forensic expertise in the activities of this Organization and the participating States in the implementation of the provisions of the United Nations Charter and international treaties are not exhaustive. Every year the need for forensic experts at the level of the United Nations and other international organizations is increasing, including the need for specialists in new areas of forensic research. In addition, the requirements and standards for forensic experts are being tightened, taking into account the challenges of the time and realities, their methods of work are being improved, the principles of international cooperation are changing, which, in turn, will indicate an improvement in the quality of forensic activities in general. Key words: forensic examination, forensic and expert field, United Nations.
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Klein, Maury. "Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States (review)." Technology and Culture 44, no. 1 (2003): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tech.2003.0027.
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Kidd, Geraldine. "Eleanor Roosevelt’s blindspot:." Boolean: Snapshots of Doctoral Research at University College Cork, no. 2011 (January 1, 2011): 107–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33178/boolean.2011.24.
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Eleanor Roosevelt was an American Hero. She had overcome great personal adversity by the time she read the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to the General Assembly of the United Nations in December 1948. The occasion represented the pinnacle of her life’s work as an esteemed humanitarian. The title, “First Lady of the World”, bestowed upon her by President Harry Truman was considered well deserved in view of her efforts for social justice and the protection of minorities – for those whose lives had been shattered by the Great Depression, for African Americans and for European Jewry when it was targeted by Hitler. While the stories of the years of her marriage to Franklin Delano Roosevelt have attracted the attention of historians and resulted in numerous scholarly and popular works, the post-White House period has been thus far neglected. It is this latter stage that my research considers. It is ...
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Ward, James A. "Reviews of Books:Internal Improvement: National Public Works and the Promise of Popular Government in the Early United States John Lauritz Larson." American Historical Review 107, no. 1 (February 2002): 192–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/532143.
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Romanenkova, Julia V. "Archetypes of Boris Smotrov`s works as a tool for national self-identification of the individual in chaotic conditions of the turn of the 21st century." Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 60 (2021): 237–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2021-60-237-248.
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The paper discusses the works of Moscow artist Boris Smotrov. It provides a general analysis of the tools of his artistic style as well as the data on his main vectors of creative activity (painting, poster graphics). The author dwells on the master’s works in the field of painting, focusing on national themes. The study distinguishes dominant blocks of the painter's works (landscape, thematic painting), detects specifics of the artistic language, methods of working with color, his mastering of the line and pays attention to the interaction of painting and graphics in B. Smotrov’s creative baggage and his decorative manner. The paper addressees the main archetypes in the works of Smotrov (firebird, cow, apple, spring, Maslenitsa, etc.). The propensity for allegorical language is explained by his competent use of artistic means of creating a poster. The author analyzes individual features of B. Smotrov’s work with color, the creation of his own author's “patchwork” style as a result of creative transformation and rethinking of the influence of various styles and manners of individual artists, from A. Matisse to K. Petrov-Vodkin. The art of the master acts as an effective tool for debunking myths about the cheap popular character of Russian national motifs, and for combating superficial perceptions of them. The paper highlights worldview universals in culture as well as main problems of the art of the turning periods, one of which includes the creative path of B. Smotrov. The author pays special attention to the works of B. Smotrov as a tool for national self-identification of a creative person in conditions of cultural chaos at the turn of the century since they are on display at personal and collective exhibitions not only in Russia, but also in Austria, China, Korea, the United States and stored not only in Russian museums (Moscow, Perm, Tula), but also in private collections in China, USA, Switzerland. The study comes to the conclusion that “patchwork style” by Boris Smotrov is a quintessence of the Russian in his works.
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Dmytriv, Iryna. "CREATIVITY OF “LOGOS” WRITERS THE PERIOD OF EMIGRATION." Polish Studies of Kyiv, no. 35 (2019): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.121-126.
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The article attempts an integrated analysis of the creativity of the “Logos” group activities of the emigration period on the background of the literary process of the first half of the twentieth century. The aesthetic, religious and national principles that underlie the multifaceted activity of the “Logos” are considered. The “Logos” group should be described by six writers: Hryhor Luzhnytsky, Olexandr-Mykola Moh, Stepan Semchuk, Petro Sosenko (junior), Vasyl Melnyk and Roman Skazynsky. Hryhor Luzhnytsky is the author of more than 500 artistic, scientific, popular scientific works, numerous journalistic works, reviews, essays. After leaving for the United States in 1949, the writer continues his activity and takes on adventure and sensational and spyware. Vasyl Melnyk (Limnychenko) is a “writer-wanderer” and a “political emigrant”. Beyond the borders of his native land continues to write poetry (“Ode to the book”, “Ballad about the Truth”, “Ballad about White Letters”, “Ballad about the Sun in the Bridge” and others). A certain generalization of the writer’s life experiences was his journalistic works “Ukrainian Crusaders”, “Religion and Life”. A peculiar “bridge” between poetry and journalism became essays. Stepan Semchuk − a poet, a journalist, a publicist. Becoming a priest, Stepan Semchuk leaves for Canada, but he does not cease to write there. Out of his native land he published poetic collections. Stepan Semchuk worked as an active publicist, author of the historical and literary articles. Association of catholic writers “Logos” was occupied noticeable place in literary life of Western Ukraine of intermilitary period of the 20th century. “Logos” writers expressly declared that they were the creators of Catholic literature, and tried to outline the concept of “Catholic worldview” and “Catholic literature”. Ideological principles of “Logos” were a christian moral; the main tasks were popularization of religious subject and christian ethics. “Logos” writers literary works are skilful collage of biblical images, motifs, allusions, reminiscences, christian ceremonies, symbols.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "United Nations – Popular works"
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Hussein, Linda Al-Hajj. "An exploration into senior and middle managers' effectiveness : The Education Programme, United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) for Palestine Refugees, Lebanon." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5390.
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There are many important factors that influence and even determine the work of middle and senior managers in the public and private sectors, NGOs, and international organizations such as the UN. Yet, despite this overall agreement, the study of 'managerial effectiveness' has remained relatively neglected and unexplored particularly within the developing world. The present research explores the dimensions of the managerial effectiveness of middle and senior managers who work in the Education Programme of the UN Agency in Lebanon. These managers are dedicated to refugees and their children at primary and high schools, and vocational centers. In doing so this study has adopted the framework, 'parameters of managerial effectiveness', developed by Analoui (1999) to explore and identify the factors and causal influences which form the basis for the effectiveness of these managers to develop policies and strategies for their increased effectiveness. The literature in the areas of development of management, management training and development, and recent works on managerial effectiveness confirm the importance of the parameters and interrelationship between them and the unique contextual factors, namely the personal, organizational and external factors. The Education Programme of the UNRWA in Lebanon provides a suitable case, and the middle and senior managers constitute the units of analysis. The entire cadre of senior and middle management (N= 132) were included in this first time study. The methodology adopted for collecting and generating relevant and adequate data was a combination of survey questionnaire, interviews and the use of secondary data available. The adoption of 'triangulation' as a strategy yielded adequate and relevant data which was analyzed using statistical methods. The quantitative analysis was supported by qualitative data based on senior and middle managers' own perception of their effectiveness. The results, by and large, support Anloui's (1999; 2007) theory and led to the first time discovery of the eight parameters of the managerial effectiveness in UNRWA, Lebanon. The results revealed a myriad of factors and influences concerning the middle and senior managers' perception, managerial skills and competencies, organizations criteria for effectiveness, opportunities, demands and constraints involved, as well as the inter-organizational relationship and the dominant managerial philosophy of effectiveness. The study contributes to the literature on managerial effectiveness by contextualizing the model adopted thus contributing to this neglected field of managerial studies. It also provides the basis for the formulation of policies and strategies to improved and increase managerial effectiveness in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine, and the developing world as the whole where UN is actively operating to support refugees. Like any empirical investigation the study suffers from limitations which need to be considered in the future research in this field.
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Hussein, Linda A. "An Exploration into Senior and Middle Managers' Effectiveness. The Education Programme, United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) for Palestine Refugees, Lebanon." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5390.
Full textAbstract:
There are many important factors that influence and even determine the work of middle and senior managers in the public and private sectors, NGOs, and international organizations such as the UN. Yet, despite this overall agreement, the study of ¿managerial effectiveness¿ has remained relatively neglected and unexplored particularly within the developing world. The present research explores the dimensions of the managerial effectiveness of middle and senior managers who work in the Education Programme of the UN Agency in Lebanon. These managers are dedicated to refugees and their children at primary and high schools, and vocational centers. In doing so this study has adopted the framework, ¿parameters of managerial effectiveness¿, developed by Analoui (1999) to explore and identify the factors and causal influences which form the basis for the effectiveness of these managers to develop policies and strategies for their increased effectiveness. The literature in the areas of development of management, management training and development, and recent works on managerial effectiveness confirm the importance of the parameters and interrelationship between them and the unique contextual factors, namely the personal, organizational and external factors. The Education Programme of the UNRWA in Lebanon provides a suitable case, and the middle and senior managers constitute the units of analysis. The entire cadre of senior and middle management (N= 132) were included in this first time study. The methodology adopted for collecting and generating relevant and adequate data was a combination of survey questionnaire, interviews and the use of secondary data available. The adoption of ¿triangulation¿ as a strategy yielded adequate and relevant data which was analyzed using statistical methods. The quantitative analysis was supported by qualitative data based on senior and middle managers¿ own perception of their effectiveness. The results, by and large, support Anloui¿s (1999; 2007) theory and led to the first time discovery of the eight parameters of the managerial effectiveness in UNRWA, Lebanon. The results revealed a myriad of factors and influences concerning the middle and senior managers¿ perception, managerial skills and competencies, organizations criteria for effectiveness, opportunities, demands and constraints involved, as well as the inter-organizational relationship and the dominant managerial philosophy of effectiveness. The study contributes to the literature on managerial effectiveness by contextualizing the model adopted thus contributing to this neglected field of managerial studies. It also provides the basis for the formulation of policies and strategies to improved and increase managerial effectiveness in Lebanon, Syria, Jordan and Palestine, and the developing world as the whole where UN is actively operating to support refugees. Like any empirical investigation the study suffers from limitations which need to be considered in the future research in this field.
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Rodriguez, Jacqueline. "An examination of inclusive education in schools operated by the Jordan field of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5848.
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For refugee children with disabilities, international agencies largely provide humanitarian assistance, including education. However, the obstacles associated with refugee existence can impede progress in the movement towards educating children with disabilities in inclusive settings. Perceptions of inclusive education in schools operated by the Jordan field of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East were explored through multiple embedded case studies. Each of the three schools examined included a student with a special educational need. The researcher also investigated strategies and supports provided by education stakeholders to students with special educational needs in inclusive classrooms. The study was framed by four research questions aligned to a theoretical model of inclusive education and guided by propositions. Findings from interviews, classroom observations, and document reviews, suggest that all stakeholders believe education for students with special educational needs is a human right. However, perceptions of inclusion differed based on several factors including the student's level of need and the disability, the teacher's self-efficacy and feeling of preparedness towards meeting the needs of students, and the impact of overcrowded classrooms and limited instructional time. In comparing results between stakeholders, differences existed in perceptions of benefits and challenges associated with inclusive education.Ph.D.
Doctorate
Dean's Office, Education
Education and Human Performance
Education; Exceptional Education
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El-Ghalayini, Yousif. "The Effects of High Performance Work Systems on International Governmental Organizations: A Study of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East Headquarters." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31867.
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In the last three decades, a growing body of research has suggested that using a mix or system of human resources management (HRM) practices can lead to superior organizational performance. These practices (such as selective recruitment and hiring procedures, performance-based compensation systems, employee participation, and training and development) have been referred to as high performance work systems (HPWS) and originated from the study of strategic human resource management (SHRM), where researchers have examined the impact of these systems on organizational performance outcomes. The relationship between HRM and organizational performance has received increasing interest from scholars and practitioners in the field of public administration. Scholars strive to identify the effects of HRM practices on organizational performance based on the notion that these practices will lead to enhanced attitudinal outcomes, such as organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and motivation, which will have positive impacts on organizational performance. This study contributes to further our understanding of the impact of management on performance in public organizations through empirical evidence drawn from theories of HRM. The growing interest among scholars in understanding the effects of management on performance presumes that the adoption of best practices will lead to improvements in organizational performance. The purpose of this mixed-methods study is to examine the effects of HPWS practices on individual worker attitudes in international governmental organizations (IGOs) by reporting the results of a staff survey and follow-up interviews conducted on a cross-section of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) employees. The UNRWA is an international relief and human development Agency with a quasi-governmental role, delivering essential public services to over five million registered Palestinian refugees. UNRWA services include education, healthcare, social services, and emergency aid. In 2006, the UNRWA began a comprehensive reform program to strengthen its management capacity. Accordingly, one of the main achievements of the reform process is the deployment of new HRM systems that included recruitment strategies, performance appraisals, training and development, and compensation and rewards systems. The underlying message of the reform process has been adopting HPWS practices, which is the object of this study. Since the 1990s, the UNRWA has become increasingly interested in policy analysis and organizational research. Especially because of recent changes in the Agency’s management style, the UNRWA has become more focused on integrating knowledge and management research into its work. Therefore, when the researcher sought permission to examine the effects of the newly adopted HPWS practices on employee attitudes, the staff and upper management were very collaborative and co-operative. Surveys and interviews were conducted with program administrators, operations directors, and field staff, representing employees from different countries with varying lengths of service as well as an extensive range of levels of education and professional backgrounds. A total of 505 questionnaires were distributed in seven service departments and a total of 234 usable responses were obtained. In addition to questionnaires, a total of 10 face-to-face interviews were conducted to explore the data obtained from questionnaires and to understand further the implications of applying HPWS practices in an IGO context. Statistical analysis of the survey data and interviews provided a representation of the effects of four bundles of HPWS adopted by the organization (independent variables), on four worker attitude measures (dependent variables). The four independent variables are the HPWS practices that are the most common and most accepted in the HRM literature: staffing and recruitment, compensation and rewards, performance appraisal, and training and development. The four dependent variables are employee commitment, job satisfaction, motivation, and intention to quit. Preliminary statistical analysis consisted of descriptive statistics for all study variables, as well as Cronbach’s alpha for measuring the internal consistency reliability coefficients for all the survey subscales to examine its internal consistency. Four research hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analyses and Pearson correlation coefficients in an attempt to estimate the net effect of each of the independent variables and understand the relationship between study variables. The bivariate relationships between the dependent and independent variables have shown that the relationships are in the anticipated directions. One of the main conclusions regarding the effects of specific HPWS practices in an IGO context is that some practices, such as training and development, outperform other practices, such as staffing and recruitment. These findings are consistent with previous research on multinational corporations operating in different national contexts, and other studies comparing the effects of HPWS in different industries. The results also indicated that HPWS practices have synergistic and complementary effects on each of the employee attitudes that exceed their individual effects. Therefore, in order to expand our understanding of the effects of HPWS on organizational performance, different variables need to be considered such as national context, industry, and other organizational factors may moderate the HRM–performance relationship. The findings of this study support previous studies in this stream of research.
The qualitative data were used to verify quantitative data and provide insights that were difficult to gain from surveys alone. The qualitative data indicated that more effective implementation and administration of HPWS practices would lead to better employee outcomes. In other words, the newly announced austerity measures negatively influence perceptions towards the newly implemented HPWS, which may also have influenced employee attitude outcomes.
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Kamolnick, Paul. "Baghdadi’s Bunker: Five Essential Tasks for Which the World Should Now Prepare." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/647.
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Excerpt: The Islamic State Organization (ISO) will be defeated. That defeat will occur sooner rather than later. The nature of this terrorist organization suggests that preparations should now be made to minimize the carnage, loss of irreplaceable life, and cultural treasures that may without sufficient preparation accompany the final days and aftermath of ISO.
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Guffey, Ensley F. "Fantastic Histories: War and American Memory in Selected Works of Joss Whedon." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2333.
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This thesis used theories of historical memory studies to examine the ways in which the American writer/director/showrunner Joss Whedon uses American memories, particularly those associated with American experiences in the Civil War and World War II, in his works of fictional, genre television and film. Emphasis was placed on the manner in which Whedon engages in the construction of popular memory, how his work challenges and/or reinforces existing memory narratives, and how Whedon uses historical memories to comment on and influence political, social, and cultural issues in the present. This investigation shows how at least certain productions of American popular culture are increasingly dominant forces in the construction of public memory. The major theoretical underpinnings of this examination are provided by the works of John Bodnar, Richard Slotkin, and Jeanine Basinger.
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Uzukwu, Elochukwu Eugene. "Book Reviews: Alfred T. Hennelly (editor), "Liberation Theology. A Documentary History," and United Nations Economic Commission for Aftrica. "African Alternative Framework to Structural Adjustment Programmes for Socio-Economic Recovery and Transformation. A Popular Version."." Bulletin of Ecumenical Theology, 1993. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/bet,1596.
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Herman, Lyndall, and Lyndall Herman. "'Recreating' Gaza: International organizations and Identity Construction in Gaza." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624515.
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This project addresses the contemporary and competing non-state governmentalities in the Gaza Strip through an analysis of the 1948-1967 period. During this period the American Friends Service Committee (AFSC), the United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA), and the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA) constructed early notions of non-state 'governance' and quasi-citizenship in Gaza. The majority of this research focuses on these organizations in the 1948-1967 period, however, there is a case study that addresses the way in which these competing models of non-sovereign administration impacted the approaches used since 2007 by Hamas. The distinct histories and experiences of administration under each organization has created competing notions of what components constitute an assembled notion of citizenship in Gaza. Specifically, the bureaucratic categorization preferred by UNRWA conflicts with Hamas' focus on individualized service based on the tradition of shura (consultation) and youth training, in particular. Several approaches to governance in Gaza are common to the three major faith-based organizations discussed here (the AFSC, the YMCA, and the Hamas). Notably, these organizations create sacred spaces and processes as a mechanism of governance, allowing them to exert control over the population. In particular, the manner in which two distinct international organizations – UNRWA and Hamas – came to operate parallel state structures in the Gaza Strip, and the way that these two organizations imbue citizenship like rights and responsibilities on the populations that they serve is of particular interest. In this way governance in the Gaza Strip has completed a circuit: from the faith-based Friends to the faith-based Hamas, with UNRWA as the constant secular parallel authority. Through an examination of organizational archives, memoirs, and interviews this project links these events, arguing that the institutional records of these organizations provide an illuminating path to better understand the situation of governance in Gaza today.
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Shannon, Elizabeth J. "Paul Strand and Cesare Zavattini's 'Un paese' (1955) : the art, synergy and politics of a photobook." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3331.
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"Paul Strand and Cesare Zavattini's 'Un paese' (1955): the art, synergy and politics of a photobook" is a study of the genesis, production and reception of the photobook 'Un paese', created in a collaboration between the American photographer Paul Strand and the Italian neorealist screenwriter Cesare Zavattini. Set in Luzzara, a small town in northern Italy, Strand portrayed the community in a series of images of the landscape, the townsfolk and still lives. The thesis reconstructs the reasoning behind Strand's decision to abandon documentary filmmaking for the creation of photobooks. Strand and the critic Elizabeth McCausland are shown to have specifically conceptualised the photobook as a hybrid form capable of communicating a multifaceted political message through a narrative synthesis of text and image, utilising strategies drawn from documentary film, the photomural and mass media publications. It is shown how Strand and his collaborators combined image and text placed within a deliberately spare graphic design and layout, to emphasise the solidity and importance of the subject matter, and to privilege the communicatory capacity of the photograph. In addition, this thesis reorients the study of Strand from concentration on his early individual fine prints to the collaboratively created political artworks of his later career. It is argued that Strand's production of photobooks is directly related to his status as a Marxist American expatriate who left the United States to avoid blacklisting at the end of the 1940s. By carefully choosing the sites where he worked, utilising realist photographic strategies developed earlier in his career, and collaborating with sympathetic writers, Strand's photobooks present the idealised image of communitarian, primarily agrarian life. 'Un paese' is shown in this thesis to typify Strand's working method; to visually and materially embody his creative and political beliefs; and to exemplify the intermedial collaboration required by the photobook.
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Monterde, Mateo Òscar. "El impacto humanitario en los territorios ocupados de Gaza y Cisjordania. Los programas de socorro y servicios sociales de la UNRWA." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398716.
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La tesis doctoral estudia el impacto humanitario en los territorios ocupados de Gaza y Cisjordania a través de los programas de socorro y servicios sociales del Organismo de las Naciones Unidas de Obras Publicas y Socorro para los refugiados de Palestina en el Cercano Oriente (UNRWA en sus siglas en inglés) desde los antecedentes de la Agencia y su creación en 1950 hasta el año 2000. Explica como la UNRWA fue creada como un instrumento de la comunidad internacional para proporcionar ayuda humanitaria y desarrollo a los refugiados de Palestina y con el fin de promover condiciones favorables para la paz y la seguridad en Oriente Próximo. Los programas de socorro y servicios sociales nos muestran las estrategias de ayuda humanitaria y desarrollo con las que la UNRWA ha respondido al impacto humanitario sobre la población refugiada de Palestina en Gaza y Cisjordania.The PhD dissertation studies the humanitarian impact on the occupied territories of Gaza and the West Bank through relief and social services programs of the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for the Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA), from the antecedents of the Agency and it establishment in 1950 until 2000. Explains how UNRWA was created as an instrument of the international community to provide humanitarian and development for Palestine refugees in order to promote favourable conditions for peace and security conditions in the Middle East. Relief and social services programs demonstrate strategies of humanitarian aid and development which UNRWA has responded to the humanitarian impact on Palestinian refugees in Gaza and the West Bank.
Books on the topic "United Nations – Popular works"
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An insider's guide to the UN. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.
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An insider's guide to the UN. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2004.
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Wiberg, Ingrid Segerstedt. Mötesplats FN. Stockholm: Carlsson, 1990.
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Internal improvement: National public works and the promise of popular government in the early United States. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001.
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Assembly, United Nations General. The Unitit Nations Universal Declaration of Human Richts. Perth: Scots Language Society, 2004.
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Center, National Consumer Law, ed. National Consumer Law Center guide to surviving debt. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: National Consumer Law Center, 2010.
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Odette, Williamson, and Klein Gary, eds. The National Consumer Law Center guide to surviving debt. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: National Consumer Law Center, 2002.
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1956-, Rao John, and National Consumer Law Center, eds. The National Consumer Law Center guide to surviving debt. 2nd ed. Boston, MA: National Consumer Law Center, 2006.
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Nwankwo, Obiageli. The convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against women (CEDAW): A tool for mobilising towards enforcement of women's human rights. Enugu, Nigeria: Fourth Dimension Pub. Co., 2001.
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United Nations. General Assembly. Universal declaration of human rights. [Paris]: United Nations, 2008.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "United Nations – Popular works"
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Citaristi, Ileana. "United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East—UNRWA." In The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2022, 296–99. 24th ed. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003292548-60.
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Canton, Helen. "United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East—UNRWA." In The Europa Directory of International Organizations 2021, 286–89. 23rd ed. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003179900-37.
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Gervasi, Osvaldo, Damiano Perri, Marco Simonetti, and Sergio Tasso. "Strategies for the Digitalization of Cultural Heritage." In Computational Science and Its Applications – ICCSA 2022 Workshops, 486–502. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10592-0_35.
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AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic caused despair, poverty and, above all, pain and death across the planet. Nevertheless, there is no doubt that it has also given a strong global impetus to the digital world, asserting its importance, sustainability and richness of perspectives. With our work we intend to establish a set of best practices aimed at defining methods and technologies that will enable those fascinated by digital technologies to contribute effectively to the digitisation of cultural heritage on a large scale. Various aspects that play a crucial role in the digitisation of artifacts will be discussed, with a focus on the issues involved in the manual realisation of works using Blender and Unity software. For demonstration purposes, two very popular use cases in the Umbria region of Italy are presented: “Piazza IV Novembre” in Perugia with the magnificent “Fontana Maggiore”, the “Palazzo dei Priori” and the Duomo on one side and the Republic square in Foligno on the other, with the Duomo, the Bishop’s house and the Diocesan Museum, the Town Hall and “Palazzo Trinci”. The first realization was carried out using photogrammetry techniques, the software Blender and Unity, while the second was carried out exclusively with Blender and Unity.The theme is highly relevant in Europe, particularly Italy, where the topic is part of the post-COVID-19 National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP).
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Hüfner, Klaus, and Jens Naumann. "Hilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen für Palästina-Flüchtlinge im Nahen Osten (United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East/UNRWA)." In Handwörterbuch Internationale Organisationen, 140–41. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86673-8_45.
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Fujishige, Hiromi Nagata, Yuji Uesugi, and Tomoaki Honda. "East Timor: Adapting to “Integration” and Responding to “Robustness”." In Japan’s Peacekeeping at a Crossroads, 103–22. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88509-0_6.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we will examine the Self-Defense Forces’ (SDF’s) participation in the UN missions in East Timor, or Timor-Leste in Portuguese. Here we pay special heed to the Japanese peacekeepers’ activities in the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor and the United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor from the early to mid-2000s. These United Nations Peacekeeping Operations (UNPKOs) aimed to support independence and statebuilding in East Timor by combining peacekeeping and peacebuilding. Similar to the case of Cambodia, the Japanese delegation put the greatest emphasis on engineering, which was a good fit with the goals of these UNPKOs. In East Timor, the Japan Engineering Groups engaged in civil engineering works, not only to support the UN missions but also as direct bilateral assistance to local residents in close collaboration with Japan’s ODA (the “All Japan” approach). Meanwhile, the strict constraints in the Peacekeeping Operations (PKO) Act were highlighted again, especially in terms of the protection of Japanese nationals, when the SDF rescued Japanese citizens during a 2002 riot. In addition to military deployment, civilian police personnel also contributed to the United Nations Mission in East Timor in preparation for the referendum on independence in 1999. Similar contributions were made to resume statebuilding assistance to the United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste after the recurrence of violence in 2006.
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Bui, Huong T., Andrew Le, and Thomas E. Jones. "Heritage conservation and tourism: the present and future of the past." In Vietnam tourism: policies and practices, 119–35. Wallingford: CABI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242782.0008.
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Abstract This chapter examines the symbiosis of heritage conservation and tourism development at a UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) cultural heritage site, one of the most popular touristic sites in Vietnam. Bui, Le and Jones present findings derived from a longitudinal study over 5 years spanning before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (from 2016 to 2020). Although Hoi An has dramatically benefited from mass tourism, the excessive increase in visitor numbers and concentration in the core heritage zone of the city has negatively impacted the economic wealth of the residents of the ancient town. COVID-19 halted the development of tourism, which attracts attention to the overdependence of the city on tourism, and offers an opportunity for administrators to rethink and revise Hoi An's existing tourism policies.
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Löfflmann, Georg. "Competing Visions for America – Popular Discourses of Grand Strategy on the New York Times Best-Sellers List." In American Grand Strategy under Obama. Edinburgh University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474419765.003.0004.
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This chapter focuses on the New York Times best sellers list as the preeminent account of best-selling books in the United States to engage in a wider mapping of grand strategy discourses in American popular culture, beyond the realm of movie entertainment. Analyzing non-fiction books that have achieved the status of national bestseller illustrates how debates over grand strategy, American identity and national security are products of both political and popular culture, constructed in the public sphere at the multi-medial intersection of entertainment, journalism, academia and political commentary. The chapter details how competing discourses of American grand strategy have defined the past, present and future role and position of the United States in the popular imagination, reflecting a fractured public consensus over the ‘big picture.’ In this chapter, the analytical focus is on the cultural construction of a geopolitical identity of American leadership, military supremacy and national exceptionalism in popular works of non-fiction, and how key representations have confirmed or contested this dominant social construction of the American ‘Self’.
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Trumper, Camilo D. "Of Spoons and Other Political Things." In Ephemeral Histories. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520289901.003.0002.
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Chapter 1 examines the connections between urban planning and political theory, with particular attention to how the state’s urbanization and industrial design programs of the 1960s and 1970s shed light on the era’s political debates over citizenship. It looks especially closely at the work of the state-sponsored industrial design team that was charged with reshaping both everyday objects like spoons, plates, and chairs, and the larger processes that underwrote the integration of industry into a national socialist economy. This chapter examines the connections between seemingly mundane or innocuous everyday objects, and the era’s most ambitious projects. It ends with a study of the building designed for and built to host the Third United Nations Congress on Trade and Development (UNCTAD III), which acted as a symbol of Popular Unity socialist modernity and a stage upon which its residents and visitors could practice an inclusive vision of Popular Unity socialism. The UNCTAD building was, in short, a public sphere rooted or grounded in public space and action. This chapter offers a unique view into multilayered visions for an “ideal” socialist city, and a model for the practice of a particular, modern socialist citizenship.
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Robson, Catherine. "Afterword." In Heart Beats. Princeton University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691119366.003.0006.
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This concluding chapter focuses upon two works that were written during recitation's heyday and that currently hold preeminent status both as, and among, memorized poems in popular culture on both sides of the Atlantic. Positioning W. E. Henley's “Invictus” (1888) as an American national favorite and Rudyard Kipling's “If –” (1910) as a British poem of poems, the chapter conducts a consciously allegorical reading to orchestrate a return to the topic raised in the introduction. The memory of mass juvenile recitation arouses very different feelings in the United States and Great Britain. To close the book, the chapter considers in what ways this might be connected to how individuals in these two countries regard not only their nation's educational past, but also their relationships with poetry, with society, and with themselves.
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Hafner-Burton, Emilie M. "The International Human Rights Legal System." In Making Human Rights a Reality. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691155357.003.0004.
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This chapter provides an overview of the most important nuts and bolts of the international human rights legal system, which generally resides within the structures of the United Nations. It first considers the most prominent international agreements that comprise the International Bill of Human Rights and their two treaty oversight bodies, the Human Rights Committee and the Committee on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights. It then examines other human rights laws and treaties, along with the functions of the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council. It also looks at universal criminal law and tribunals, regional human rights laws and institutions, and the human rights legal systems in Europe, the Americas, Africa, the Islamic world and Asia. The chapter concludes by explaining why the international law on human rights has been so popular and how the international human rights legal system works.
Conference papers on the topic "United Nations – Popular works"
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Nascimento, Maria M., José Alexandre Martins, Assumpta Estrada, and Eva Morais. "Sustainable development goals: A statistical literacy journey." In IASE 2021 Satellite Conference: Statistics Education in the Era of Data Science. International Association for Statistical Education, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52041/iase.pmhjt.
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This work appears to contribute to statistical literacy using a very important theme for the planet and humanity at present, the Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 defined by the United Nations. These goals require action on a global scale by governments, companies, and civil society to eradicate poverty and create a life with dignity and opportunities for all within the limits of the planet. The works developed by several teachers over several years and which meet these objectives in one way or another are presented. Having literate citizens in statistical terms meets the goals for 2030. Also, it involves the whole of society, as it includes the necessary skills to understand the statistical information that we face every day.
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Găitan-Botezatu, Ionela Daniela. "The Role of Donations in Financing Extreme Risk Events." In World Lumen Congress 2021, May 26-30, 2021, Iasi, Romania. LUMEN Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/wlc2021/23.
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Globally, post-event funding needs are growing, while the material and human damage caused by extreme events is constantly growing. The 2015 United Nations (UN) Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction estimated that worldwide, these extreme events cause losses of approximately $ 250-300 billion annually. Although there are now various post-event financing options (insurance, grants, loans, donations, etc.) for the population, companies or public institutions, these instruments are often not sufficient for post-event recovery and reconstruction, so many challenges remain for post-event recovery. Thus, there is often a gap between the financing needs of companies or the population and the existing financing instruments, most often the amounts needed for financing being higher than the amounts that are available through the various existing financing mechanisms. In this article we addressed the topic of post-event funding sources such as donations and highlighted that these, although they are one of the cheapest sources of funding, the support of post-event donors is often uncertain. Also, in the elaboration of this paper I used qualitative and quantitative research based on the use of methods such as Spearman correlation indicator, data processing and analysis, documenting reports, studying reference works and other studies.
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Kayaoglu, Turan. "PREACHERS OF DIALOGUE: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND INTERFAITH THEOLOGY." In Muslim World in Transition: Contributions of the Gülen Movement. Leeds Metropolitan University Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.55207/bjxv1018.
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While the appeal of ‘civilisational dialogue’ is on the rise, its sources, functions, and con- sequences arouse controversy within and between faith communities. Some religious lead- ers have attempted to clarify the religious foundations for such dialogue. Among them are Jonathan Sacks, the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of Britain and the Commonwealth, Edward Idris, Cardinal Cassidy of the Catholic Church, and Fethullah Gülen. The paper compares the approach of these three religious leaders from the Abrahamic tra- dition as presented in their scholarly works – Sacks’ The Dignity of Difference, Cardinal Cassidy’s Ecumenism and Interreligious Dialogue, and Gülen’s Advocate of Dialogue. The discussion attempts to answer the following questions: Can monotheistic traditions accom- modate the dignity of followers of other monotheistic and polytheistic religions as well as non-theistic religions and philosophies? Is a belief in the unity of God compatible with an acceptance of the religious dignity of others? The paper also explores their arguments for why civilisational and interfaith dialogue is necessary, the parameters of such dialogue and its anticipated consequences: how and how far can dialogue bridge the claims of unity of God and diversity of faiths? Islam’s emphasis on diversity and the Quran’s accommodation of ear- lier religious traditions put Islam and Fethullah Gülen in the best position to offer a religious justification for valuing and cherishing the dignity of followers of other religions. The plea for a dialogue of civilizations is on the rise among some policymakers and politi- cians. Many of them believe a dialogue between Islam and the West has become more urgent in the new millennium. For example following the 2005 Cartoon Wars, the United Nations, the Organization of the Islamic Conferences, and the European Union used a joint statement to condemn violent protests and call for respect toward religious traditions. They pled for an exchange of ideas rather than blows: We urge everyone to resist provocation, overreaction and violence, and turn to dialogue. Without dialogue, we cannot hope to appeal to reason, to heal resentment, or to overcome mistrust. Globalization disperses people and ideas throughout the world; it brings families individuals with different beliefs into close contact. Today, more than any period in history, religious di- versity characterizes daily life in many communities. Proponents of interfaith dialogue claim that, in an increasingly global world, interfaith dialogue can facilitate mutual understanding, respect for other religions, and, thus, the peaceful coexistence of people of different faiths. One key factor for the success of the interfaith dialogue is religious leaders’ ability to provide an inclusive interfaith theology in order to reconcile their commitment to their own faith with the reality of religious diversity in their communities. I argue that prominent leaders of the Abrahamic religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) are already offering separate but overlapping theologies to legitimize interfaith dialogue. A balanced analysis of multi-faith interactions is overdue in political science. The discipline characterises religious interactions solely from the perspective of schism and exclusion. The literature asserts that interactions among believers of different faiths will breed conflict, in- cluding terrorism, civil wars, interstate wars, and global wars. According to this conven- tional depiction, interfaith cooperation is especially challenging to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam due to their monotheism; each claims it is “the one true path”. The so-called “monothe- istic exclusion” refers to an all-or-nothing theological view: you are a believer or you are an infidel. Judaism identifies the chosen people, while outsiders are gentiles; Christians believe that no salvation is possible outside of Jesus; Islam seems to call for a perennial jihad against non-Muslims. Each faith would claim ‘religious other’ is a stranger to God. Political “us versus them” thinking evolves from this “believer versus infidel” worldview. This mindset, in turn, initiates the blaming, dehumanizing, and demonization of the believers of other reli- gious traditions. Eventually, it leads to inter-religious violence and conflict. Disputing this grim characterization of religious interactions, scholars of religion offer a tripartite typology of religious attitude towards the ‘religious other.’ They are: exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism. Exclusivism suggests a binary opposition of religious claims: one is truth, the other is falsehood. In this dichotomy, salvation requires affirmation of truths of one’s particular religion. Inclusivism integrates other religious traditions with one’s own. In this integration, one’s own religion represents the complete and pure, while other religions represent the incomplete, the corrupted, or both. Pluralism accepts that no religious tradi- tion has a privileged access to religious truth, and all religions are potentially equally valid paths. This paper examines the theology of interfaith dialogue (or interfaith theology) in the Abrahamic religions by means of analyzing the works of three prominent religious lead- ers, a Rabbi, a Pope, and a Muslim scholar. First, Jonathan Sacks, the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of Britain and the Commonwealth, offers a framework for the dialogue of civilizations in his book Dignity of Difference: How to Avoid the Clash of Civilizations. Rather than mere tolerance and multiculturalism, he advocates what he calls the dignity of difference—an active engagement to value and cherish cultural and religious differences. Second, Pope John Paul II’s Crossing the Threshold of Hope argues that holiness and truth might exist in other religions because the Holy Spirit works beyond the for- mal boundaries of Church. Third, the Turkish Islamic scholar Fethullah Gülen’s Advocate of Dialogue describes a Muslim approach to interfaith dialogue based on the Muslim belief in prophecy and revelation. I analyze the interfaith theologies of these religious leaders in five sections: First, I explore variations on the definition of ‘interfaith dialogue’ in their works. Second, I examine the structural and strategic reasons for the emergence and development of the interfaith theologies. Third, I respond to four common doubts about the possibility and utility of interfaith di- alogue and theologies. Fourth, I use John Rawls’ overlapping consensus approach to develop a framework with which to analyze religious leaders’ support for interfaith dialogue. Fifth, I discuss the religious rationales of each religious leader as it relates to interfaith dialogue.
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Saeed Ghafoor Ahmad, Kosar, and Amanj nasih qadir omer. "Prosecuting the perpetrators of the Camp Speicher crime according to Iraqi laws or the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court." In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/45.
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"This work includes talking about the crime of Camp Speicher, in which 1,700 students of the Iraqi army of the Sheea creed were killed by the gangs of the terrorist organization ISIS, with the aim of eliminating the members of this sect because of the misleading ideology carried by those gangs. On 6-12-2014, Iraqi soldiers at Camp Speicher (Speicher Air Base) in Tikrit were subjected to murder and enforced disappearance by terrorist organizations because of their affiliation to the Sheea creed. This crime was among a series of brutal crimes for the genocide of Sheeas in Iraq. This is similar to what happened in the Badoush prison crime in the province of Mosul, which the Iraqi Parliament considered it as a crime of genocide, in which these gangs executed about (400) members of the prison inmates of the Sheea component. After ISIS took control of the city of Tikrit in Iraq, and one day after they took control of the city of Mosul, they captured (2000-2200) soldiers and led them to the presidential palaces in Tikrit, and they shot them there and in other areas and buried some of them alive. This disaster had a negative impact on the families of the victims of the Speicher where they went out in demonstrations demanded that the leaders who handed over the victims of Speicher to ISIS must be prosecuted, and in one of the demonstrations they managed to enter Parliament and demanded that the leaders who handed over Speicher to ISIS be held accountable. After that, many demonstrations took place by the families of the victims, some of which led to the closure of a bridge in Baghdad a few times Protesting the government's delay in clarifying the fate of their children or taking quick measures. The Iraqi parliament and government recently considered the Speicher incident “genocide” in reference to the premeditated murder of Badoush Prison inmates in Nineveh Governorate and the unarmed Speicher military base, the premeditated murder of members of the Albu Nimr, Jabour, al-Lahib, and al-Ubaid tribes, and the killing and displacement of civilians from Kurds, Christians, Yazidis and Shabaks in Sahel Nineveh, Sinjar, deliberate killing and displacement of Turkmens in Tal Afar and Bashir. This decision paves the way for obtaining international recognition from it as a ""genocide"" as stipulated in the Contract of the United Nations in 1948, and Iraq signed it in the fifties of the last century. This study attempts to explain the Al-Ikhnasas Court in looking into the crimes of genocide committed by ISIS against the bereaved students of the Air Force Base (Speicher) due to what this issue raised from the national and international public opinion, especially after the involvement of the Iraqi army leaders in this massacre, according to what witnesses reported in that area and what was reported by soldiers who survived the incident, in addition to the involvement of some members of the Sunni tribes in these crimes with the terrorist organization ISIS. The importance of this study lies in the following aspects: - That ISIS elements were tried according to Anti-Terrorism Law No. 13 of 2005, and from our point of view that the aforementioned law is vague and broader than it should be, and it applies to serious and simple crimes from murder to crimes of sabotage, and the list of crimes punishable by the death penalty according to the aforementioned law is a long list and spacious. - The Iraqi government has embarked on an attempt to develop a legal framework to prosecute ISIS elements, and its mission focused on understanding the procedures and results drawn from those judicial efforts, and its mission also focused on showing the efforts taken by the Iraqi government to address violations in the field of the right to life, including those committed by affiliated forces government as well as other international and domestic actors. The International Criminal Court is specialized in considering specific crimes under Article (5) of its Statute, which are war crimes, aggression and crimes against humanity, which necessitates the adaptation of Speicher's crime within any of the mentioned types of crimes. The assumption of the International Criminal Court in relation to the Speicher crime, includes several positive matters and results at the same time a set of negatives, which must be presented to those positives and negatives in order to give preference between them and the choice of authorizing the court to consider the crime or not. The terrorist organization ISIS has committed serious systematic violations, including war crimes and others, and perhaps those that are not under its control, and that none of these crimes can be addressed within the anti-terrorism law, which cannot address human rights violations. The international community has recognized the heinous violations committed by ISIS against the citizens of Iraq by adopting Resolution (2370) in September of 2017, issued by the Security Council, which authorizes the Security Council to appoint an investigation team to support local efforts to hold ISIS elements accountable by collecting and preserving evidence in Iraq, which can rise to a high level, and it was committed by the elements of the organization. It considers that the decision constitutes a burden and an obligation on Iraq to investigate all allegations of violations committed by government forces for the purpose of holding them accountable, as well as requiring the establishment of special courts and trained judges in relation to ISIS crimes to deal with them. Terrorism is a global curse that has recently spread horizontally to all countries of the world and its effects have been concentrated vertically in some countries, and no one denies that the parties to this phenomenon are increasing (perpetrators and victims) and the United Nations in particular and the international community in general has not succeeded in reducing it despite the fact that the resolutions of the UN Security Council It is increasing, but the proportionality is absent between these decisions and the practical reality. The phenomenon of terrorism is spreading rapidly, and the perpetrators of terrorist acts are on the rise, corresponding to an increase in the victims of terrorism. Also, the circumstances and events that Iraq is going through, especially after 2003, put it at the forefront of countries which suffers from terrorism that has killed the people, using methods and forms that were not previously known and brutal and bloody cruel. ) for the year 2005, and since terrorism was not limited to Iraq, but included many countries, and was not specific to a place or time, nor was it recent in terms of composition. In addition, the aforementioned law cannot be aware of all violations of international and humanitarian law, as we mentioned previously, which requires the necessity of referring the criminals to a competent court. The Court conducts its rule under Article (13) of its Statute when referred to it by a state party to the same system or by the Security Council or when the Public Prosecutor conducts the investigation on his own, and then how does the Court take its measures regarding the aforementioned crime if we take a look Considering that the State of Iraq is not a member of the Statute of the Court. The rule of the court is free from the death penalty, which makes the idea of authorizing the court to consider the crime rejected by most Iraqis, especially the families of the victims. What are the negative aspects of the Iraqi national judiciary’s view of the Speicher crime, and how can it be avoided if the International Criminal Court plays this role? What are the guarantees provided by the court in the event that it proceeds with its procedures regarding this crime? The research on this subject is according to the appropriate method, which is the analytical and comparative method, which works on studying and comparing topics by analyzing ideas and jurisprudential rulings, and the positions of the governments of countries and the United Nations, as well as the resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly, and comparing arbitration between Iraqi courts. And the international courts regarding the trial of the perpetrators of the Speicher base crime, and then come up with a set of conclusions and recommendations."
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Jin, L., R. Lippoldt, W. J. Curry, S. Hussenoeder, and P. Bhargava. "A Numerical Investigation of the 2020 M4.2 Stanton, Texas Seismicity Sequence Using 3D Poroelastic Modeling." In 56th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/arma-2022-2023.
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ABSTRACT: This paper investigates a seismicity sequence that occurred near Stanton, TX between December 2020 and February 2021 with event magnitudes peaking at 4.2. The historically aseismic area has been undergoing shallow salt water disposal (SWD) since the early 1980s, and deep SWD in the last decade. We perform a 3D fully coupled hydro-geomechanical investigation into potential links between the M4.2 event sequence and the surrounding decades-long, multi-zone SWD activities involving 183 SWD wells in a 900 mile2 area. We include faults interpreted from reflection seismic data into the model and survey six fault scenarios with various fault-zone structures and fault upper extents. We compare the modeled Coulomb stress changes against earthquake triggering thresholds obtained from a detailed in-situ stress model, and identify implausible and plausible scenarios. The plausible scenarios yield an excellent match between the critical Coulomb failure function (CFF) propagation and the onset of seismicity in both space and time, and are further supported by their revealing of possible earlier events that were later detected through template matching. Together, these findings strongly suggest a SWD origin of the M4.2 seismicity sequence. The modeling also suggests that near-hypocenter Coulomb stresses are sourced primarily from several deep disposal wells and secondarily from the remaining deep wells and shallower wells given the likely fault configurations. We also analyze roles of fault-zone structures, non-seismogenic faults, and mechanically time-dependent formations. Our work illustrates the importance of physics-based modeling that accounts for faults, formations, wells, and poroelasticity in understanding causes of seismicity. 1. INTRODUCTION Fluid injection, including salt water disposal (SWD) into the subsurface, has long been recognized as capable of inducing earthquakes (Wesso & Nicholson, 1987; Ellsworth, 2013; National Research Council, 2013). There has been an increase in seismicity associated with SWD activities within the United States in the last decade (e.g., Frohlich et al., 2011; Kim 2013; Walsh & Zoback, 2015), and most recently in the Permian basin (e.g., Skoumal & Trugman, 2021). An earlier study proposed empirical criteria for determining whether earthquakes are induced based on their spatial-temporal correlations with injection activities and deviation from regional background seismicity (Davis & Frohlich, 1993). This correlative approach has remained popular in studying origins of induced seismicity, and has been complemented with additional steps, such as earthquake relocation and focal mechanism determination (Kim 2013), analysis of seismicity lineations relative to locally mapped faults (Frohlich et al., 2016), examination of data such as Vp-to-Vs ratio time series (Improta et al., 2015), and space-time clustering analysis (Savvaidis et al., 2020). Some studies employ pore pressure diffusion modeling to further support correlative analysis (e.g., Keranen et al., 2013; Peterie et al., 2018; Chen et al., 2018).
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Gomes, Jorge Salgado, Robert Clifford Merrill, and Shaheena Sohail. "A Journey of People Development, Processes and Tools." In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208192-ms.
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Abstract Objective/Scope Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC) places a priority on People Development. The reorganisation in 2016, a changing demographic, and increased emphasis on "Emiratisation" of the workforce has only reinforced that priority. The reorganisation fused together disparate companies, each with its own competency standards. The goal of ensuring that UAE national staff are used and developed throughout the organisation, coupled with our demographics, has added to the requirement for standard set of measures and processes for capability development across the ADNOC Group. This initiative has been implemented in phases, beginning with the creation/unification of core technical, behavioral/leadership and business competencies for all subsurface disciplines across the Group. We are now creating a learning organization to address our remaining challenges. A joint effort is required between our human capital and technical discipline leaders. Methods, Procedures, Process The ADNOC Competency Frameworks were created through a joint effort between subject matter experts (SME) and the People Development Team. The deployment of these frameworks was done in two main steps:Creation and verification. This was a joint effort between our Human Capital organisation and domain experts from the operating companies. This deployment also saw the creation of discipline authorities for the subsurface organisation. These "Heads of Discipline" are domain experts with a focus on skills and staff development. A "self-assessment" + "manager verification" process was used to populate the competency framework database.Data analysis. A statistical subset of the data were independently verified by SME interviews. Anomalies, and disciplines with insufficient coverage were scrubbed from the data. A number of analytical tools were used for data analysis, including "Heat Maps" for visual impact.Results, Observations and ConclusionsThe results revealed strength in the "engine room" of the organization, however, some "gaps" were identified. One gap was identified in the transitional grades between the "junior" and "operational" staff. This was consistent for all disciplines, and it is being addressed through specialized training and on-the job work assignments. Another gap was identified in some specialties, in which ADNOC depends on one or two individuals for key skillsets.As we took immediate action to address some gaps, we recognised that a longer term solution was required. This has taken the form of the ADNOC Learning Institute (ALI). The ALI is a comprehensive solution which includes strategic workforce planning, future capabilities, competency and learning frameworks. These will underpin future efforts in technical succession planning and mobility.Novel AdditionsThe ADNOC Learning Institute was crafted to meet the competing challenges of skills development, demographics and Emiratisation. The ALI demonstrates how a unified vision is required to meet future challenges.
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Jiang, Ying. "A Care-oriented Design Process Model for Sustainable Design Education." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002421.
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In the unsustainable development of commodity production and resource consumption, designers are both part of the root of the problem and the agents of its solution. Education institutions and teaching plans bear a profound moral responsibility to improve designers’ ability to create a sustainable future. This chapter goes deep into the design education curriculum to explore a design process model that can be specifically applied to the field of care design.Education for sustainable development has become the main concern of environmental education since the 1990s (United Nations 1992). David W. Orr calls for an education system shift: ‘This crisis cannot be solved by the same kind of education that helped create the problems. Against the test of sustainability, our ideas, theories, sciences, humanities, social sciences, pedagogy, and educational institutions have not measured up’ (1992, p. 83). The UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (2005–2014) highlighted the key role of Education for Sustainable Development (ESD), aiming at ‘integrating the principles and practices of sustainable development into all aspects of education and learning, to encourage changes in knowledge, values and attitudes with the vision of enabling a more sustainable and just society for all’ (UNESCO, 2005, p.9). It fundamentally mobilized education to create relevant teaching rationales, teaching methods and learning content.The evolution of design for sustainability has been advanced ESD in higher education institutions and has created a wide array of teaching methods and tools, such as Service Design (Miso, 2020), Design Futuring (Fry, 2009), Transition Design (Jones, 2014), Systemic Design (Irwin, 2015), Design for Behaviour Change (Bhamra & Dewberry, 2007) and Ecology of Care (Coxon, 2017). The continuous improvement of sustainable design education helps designers to conceive a number of different conceptual solutions as a whole, and to take into consideration the wide array of impacts that their decisions have on people, the environment and the economy. However, the problem in curriculum education is that its focus is more on the designer’s sustainable achievements, rather than the designer's sustainable awareness and behavior changes. Strengthen the correlation between designers’sustainability awareness and design results would be appreciated.East China University of Science and Technology (ECUST) is a comprehensive university with a strong background in science and engineering. The fundamental design course teaching at the School of Art Design and Media has provided me with excellent research opportunities. In this context, I could integrate the care-oriented sustainable design course into the curriculum system and conduct research directly. I noticed that sustainable design is a special and independent concept rarely mentioned in existing design courses. As expected from traditional courses, design courses focus on creating visually compelling and fully functional works. Although some ‘green’ design projects are sometimes carried out, in most cases green design courseworks focus on finding solutions in terms of principles, technology, materials, etc., and finally propose a small product design concept without considering the whole systemof thought at the basis of design. Also, most part of the courses are devoted to the introduction of the double diamond model that guides the design process, even though it does not make full use of the scientific nature of the design process itself. Sometimes, design research is separated from design results. I am interested in reshaping the way designers think about sustainability in the field of traditional design education, by considering all the different impacts of design decisions on people, the environment and the economy.By understanding the nature of care, I intend to develop a design process model and teaching tools from the perspective of care, which can be extrapolated as a care-oriented, sustainable design education course. The design process can be seen as a learning process which provides deeper information about sustainability challenges and opportunities by influencing students’ design thinking and design activity. On the one hand, the design process model could build a clear teaching idea for teachers. On the other hand, it could raise students’ awareness of caring, and transform this consciousness into specific design schemes, which can provide insight into problems and propose solutions from larger and more complex perspectives, thereby generating new sustainable design ideas. This newly developed design process emphasizes the role of the immediate-environment in promoting clients and products care.