Journal articles on the topic 'United Hebrew Community of New York'
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Aghdassi, Abbas, and Seyed Mohammad Marandi. "African American Twelver Shia Community of New York." Sociology of Islam 6, no. 1 (April 18, 2018): 29–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22131418-00601002.
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Few studies analyze minorities among the African American Muslims in the United States. The absence of ethnographic research shows that the current scholarship neglects the minority status of African American Twelver Shias. Based on fieldwork observations from March to December 2015 and several informal interviews, I try to understand how the African American Shia community of New York was formed and how it negotiated its identity when encountered with African American non-Shia Muslims and with Twelver Muslims of other ethnic backgrounds. I try to revisit the diasporic/immigrant religious culture that some Twelver Shias like to practice. This culture seems to have no resonance for the African American Twelver Muslims. Because some African American Twelvers joined Shia Islam after the end of the classic period of the Nation of Islam, it is argued that highlighting cultural practices by the immigrant community might force some African American Twelvers back to their practices of origin.
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Thielman, Miriam. "“You Shall Not Oppress a Resident Alien”: The Conception of Immigrants in the Hebrew Bible." Oregon Undergraduate Research Journal 18, no. 1 (2021): 35–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5399/uo/ourj/18.1.5.
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An increase in global immigration has resulted in humanitarian crises across the world as countries struggle to respond to the growing number of refugees and asylum seekers arriving at their borders. Understanding the specific messages within the Hebrew Bible regarding immigrants is important for developing faith-informed responses to immigrants and refugees. Religion often influences people’s beliefs, actions, and even the policy decisions for which they advocate, and the various forms of Christianity practiced in the United States frequently use the Hebrew Bible and New Testament as their sacred instructive texts. A detailed study of relevant portions of the Hebrew Bible, coupled with analysis of biblical commentaries and scholarly criticism, suggests that the Bible underscores the imperative to care for the most vulnerable members of society, as well as to include immigrants in the community. Arguably, people of faith should take this overarching message into account when considering how to respond to immigrants’ arrival in the United States. Note to the Reader: The books of the Bible were originally written in biblical Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek, depending on the time period in which each book was redacted. Because I do not read biblical Hebrew, all biblical passages quoted in this thesis are from the New Revised Standard Version (NRSV) of the Hebrew Bible. The NRSV is regarded as one of the most accurate and reputable recent English translations of the Bible because it was completed by a committee of biblical scholars. My thesis advisor, Professor Deborah Green, checked the verses cited herein for accuracy against the original biblical Hebrew text and provided corrections to the translation where necessary. Verses that have been corrected from the original NRSV translation are footnoted. Unless otherwise noted, all other verses are from the NRSV translation.
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Kahn, Lily, and Sonya Yampolskaya. "Contemporary Ashkenazic Hebrew: The Grammatical Profile of an Overlooked Twenty-First-Century Variety." Journal of Semitic Studies 67, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 199–267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgab029.
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Abstract Ashkenazic Hebrew is a unique language variety with a centuries-long history of written use among Central and Eastern European Jews. It has distinct phonological and grammatical features attested in texts composed by Ashkenazic Jews (e.g. adherents of the Hasidic and Maskilic movements) in Europe prior to the twentieth century. While Ashkenazic Hebrew is commonly believed to have been replaced by Israeli Hebrew in the twentieth century, this traditional written variety of the language actually continues to thrive in contemporary Diaspora Haredi (strictly Orthodox) communities, chiefly the Hasidic centres of New York, London, Montreal and Antwerp. This fascinating and understudied form of Hebrew is used widely and productively in the composition of a rich variety of original documents for a Hasidic audience (about e.g. Covid transmission, United States educational stipulations, Zoom schooling, lockdown rules, etc.). In this article we demonstrate that contemporary Ashkenazic Hebrew has many shared orthographic, phonological, grammatical and lexical features with its Eastern European antecedent. These include: orthography of loanwords based on Yiddish conventions (e.g. חולי הקאראנא xóylay ha-koróna ‘those ill with coronavirus’); morphology of plural loan nouns (בקאלידזשעס be-kóleǧes‘in colleges’, הפראגראמע״ן haprográmen ‘the programmes’); retention of the definite article with inseparable prepositions (בהשכונה be-ha-šxíne‘in the neighbourhood’);
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Kiper, Daniel. "New York Ogniwo in the Years 1879-1881." Studia Polonijne 42 (November 24, 2021): 325–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18290/sp2142.15.
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The article discusses the history of the Polish Ogniwo weekly published in New York in the years 1879-1881. The magazine was established during a major organisational transformation of the Polish diaspora in the United States. One of the most important initiatives of the then immigrant community in New York and beyond (including New Jersey) was to integrate the public of Polish origin in order to work toward the improvement of the financial and political position of Polish immigrants. This work was carried out by the Ogniwo weekly. Its editors tried to mobilise scattered economic immigrants to work towards building an ideologically aligned Polish-American community.
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Taraki, Muhammad Dhiya, Muhammad Abdul Azis Pamuji, and Surwandono Surwandono. "ANALYZING DE-ISLAMOPHOBIA FACTORS IN NEW YORK, USA." ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam 25, no. 1 (June 22, 2024): 106–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/ua.v25i1.25788.
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Recently, there has been a phenomenon of reducing the level of Islamophobia of the world community towards Muslims around the world, including Muslims in the United States. Allowing Muslims to carry out worship in public or open space, and the election of Muslim politicians in a government and congressmen are clear evidences to this phenomenon. This research aims to deeply analyze the de-islamophobia factors in New York City, The United States from 2017 to 2023. The phenomenon of Islamophobia, rising sharply since the 9/11 tragedy, has now begun to experience a significant decline, especially in the 2017-2023 period. A qualitative method was applied with literature studies. The data were taken from online books, online journals, and other relevant references such as online news. The study found various causes of the decline: socio-culture, demographic, and political events that contribute to the acceptance of Islam in the United States. Especially since Joe Biden was inaugurated as the U.S. President, the decline in Islamophobia is increasingly visible, particularly in the political fields.
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Confredo, Deborah. "Book Review: Carol L. Shansky, The Hebrew Orphan Asylum Band of New York City, 1874–1941: Community, Culture, and Opportunity." Journal of Historical Research in Music Education 38, no. 2 (January 13, 2017): 211–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536600616688763.
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McDonnell, Simon, Pooya Ghorbani, Courtney Wolf, Maria Jessa Cruz, David M. Burgy, Swati Desai, Daniel Berkovits, and Renata Silberblatt. "A Managed-Participatory Approach to Community Resilience: The Case of the New York Rising Community Reconstruction Program." American Review of Public Administration 49, no. 3 (October 10, 2018): 309–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0275074018804663.
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Research shows that resilient communities are best achieved through active public participation, informed by local input. However, post-disaster strategies in the United States are typically federally led and top-down in nature. We present an exploratory case study of resilience planning in New York State in the aftermath of Superstorm Sandy, which is a combination of public participation and government supervision. We name this approach “managed-participation” because it emphasizes engaging the public in post-disaster planning, guided by a high degree of state-level leadership. We adapt a theoretical proposition of horizontal and vertical integration framework for an exploratory analysis of the case. We find that New York’s approach contributes to both horizontal and vertical integration of impacted communities by enhancing active participation in resilience efforts, and taking advantage of the state government’s position to connect local needs with federal funding. Furthermore, by utilizing expertise and funding support to guide and translate local knowledge, it produces potentially more viable resilience plans.
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Darcy, Jean, Joan Dupre, and Michele Cuomo. "An ePortfolio Virtual Learning Community within a Traditional Classroom Space: The Student in a Global Social Networking Community." HETS Online Journal 1, no. 1 (November 6, 2022): 43–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55420/2693.9193.v1.n1.83.
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Queensborough Community College is one of six community colleges of the City University of New York. Located in Bayside, Queens, the college serves more than 15,000 degree students. Queens County in New York City is the most diverse county in the United States. The College reflects this diversity. Its White, Black, Hispanic, and Asian students or their families come from 143 countries including Paraguay, Venezuela, Korea, China, India, Guyana, Pakistan, Haiti and many more. Among the numerous languages they speak are Spanish, French, Urdu, Hindi, Punjabi, Chinese, Pushto, and Farsi. Almost half of them speak a language other than English at home. This diversity generates both challenges and opportunities in a college community. Historically, non-ESL students have scored 20 percent higher in pass rates for reading and 10 percent for writing. Queensborough Community College is an Hispanic Serving Institution with a 26% Hispanic population.
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Shabbir, Syed H., and Maria Teresa M. Santos. "The role of prehealth student volunteers at a student-run free clinic in New York, United States." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 12 (October 30, 2015): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2015.12.49.
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Purpose: The medical student-run Einstein Community Health Outreach Clinic provides free healthcare to the uninsured adult population of New York, the United States. During the summer, prehealth student volunteers are recruited to assist with clinic operations. Methods: We designed a survey study to identify the baseline characteristics of the volunteers between June and August of 2013 and 2014 in order to evaluate the influence of working in a medical student-run free clinic on their education, impressions, and career goals. Results: A total of 38 volunteers (response rate, 83%) participated in the study. The volunteers were demographically diverse and interested in primary care specialties and community service. Conclusion: After the Einstein Community Health Outreach program, the volunteers showed an improved understanding of the healthcare process and issues relevant to uninsured patients. They also developed favorable attitudes towards primary care medicine and an increased level of interest in pursuing careers in primary care.
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CAMPBELL, JAMES. "AFRICAN AMERICANS AND PAROLE IN DEPRESSION-ERA NEW YORK." Historical Journal 54, no. 4 (November 7, 2011): 1065–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x11000392.
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ABSTRACTIn the first half of the twentieth century, parole in the Deep South of the United States was part of a nexus of penal mechanisms providing white employers with a pliant black labour force. By contrast, in New York, which was at the forefront of innovations in parole policy, there was a surprising interracial consensus among white parole administrators and politicians, civil rights activists, and black prisoners themselves that the African American community was integral to parole administration and success. This article explores why different constituencies supported this consensus through debates on parole in the black press and via the desperate, and invariably futile, letters that prisoners wrote to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). These sources also indicate that, for black prisoners in New York, African American influence over the parole system was routinely constrained by widespread black poverty, racial segregation, and discrimination in employment.
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Schreuder, Y. "The German-American Pharmaceutical Business Establishment in the New York Metropolitan Region." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, no. 10 (October 1998): 1743–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a301743.
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Between World War 1 and World War 2, the New York metropolitan region became the main region for the production of organic synthetic pharmaceuticals in the United States. The leaders in this area of specialization were subsidiaries of foreign—mostly German—companies which had established distribution networks in the 19th century and had begun manufacturing pharmaceuticals in the region at the turn of the century. By looking back to the mid-19th century, the author analyzes the relationships between the German professional and business immigrant community in New York (among them the Forty-Eighters), the development of the New York hinterland, and the success of the German-American pharmaceutical business establishment, in an effort to discern one possible explanation of the concentration of the pharmaceutical industry in New York metropolitan region.
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Williams, John P. "Exodus from Europe: Jewish Diaspora Immigration from Central and Eastern Europe to the United States (1820-1914)." Perspectives on Global Development and Technology 16, no. 1-3 (April 7, 2017): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691497-12341422.
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This article examines one of the largest exoduses in human history. In less than three decades, over five million Jews from Poland, Germany, and Russia journeyed to what they considered to be the “American Promised Land.” This study serves five main purposes: first, to identify social, political, and economic factors that encouraged this unprecedented migration; second, to examine the extensive communication and transportation networks that aided this exodus, highlighting the roles that mutual aid societies (especially the Alliance Israelite Universelle in Paris, the Mansion House Fund in London, and the Hebrew Immigrant Aid Society in New York City) played in the success of these migrations; third, to analyze this diaspora’s impact on the cultural identity of the Jewish communities in which they settled; fourth, to discuss the cultural and economic success of this mass resettlement; and finally, fifth, identify incidents of anti-Semitism in employment, education, and legal realms that tempered economic and cultural gains by Jewish immigrants to America.
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Robinson, Greg. "Nisei in Gotham: The JACD and Japanese Americans in 1940s New York." Prospects 30 (October 2005): 581–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300002180.
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The resettlement and activism of Japanese Americans in New York City during the 1940s represents a notable chapter within the large and complex history of the city's Nikkei (ethnic Japanese) community. Throughout the 20th century, the New York community has been distinctive among those in the United States. Like the larger city itself, New York's Nikkei population has been notable for demographic and occupational diversity, extraordinary cosmopolitanism, and political and artistic effervescence. At the same time, in stark contrast to its Pacific Coast counterparts, the New York community has long been marked by a lack of group cohesion, which the scattered residential pattern and transient nature of many of its members did nothing to reduce.Both these salient community characteristics — political/artistic self-assertion and dispersion — were accentuated with the coming of World War II. The impending conflict between Washington and Tokyo led to the abrupt departure of a large proportion of the city's Nikkei residents back to Japan. However, in the weeks after Pearl Harbor, a new group of anti-Fascist Japanese Americans, largely first generation, assumed community leadership. Their group was subsequently reinforced with the arrival of second-generation intellectuals and artists from the West Coast, who had been incarcerated en masse in camps and elected to resettle in the city afterward. Although the newcomers experienced discrimination and difficulties, they joined with the city's established Japanese population to form a truly cohesive community, with its nucleus the popular activist group Japanese American Committee for Democracy. Yet this group, because of its connections with the Communist Party, demonstrated the limitations as well as the force of Japanese-American political action.
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Regalado, Pedro A. "The Washington Heights Uprising of 1992: Dominican Belonging and Urban Policing in New York City." Journal of Urban History 45, no. 5 (December 28, 2018): 961–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218788304.
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Situated at the intersection of Latinx postwar migration, community formation, and urban politics, this article explores the Washington Heights uprising of 1992 as a lens through which to historicize Dominican belonging and urban policing in late twentieth-century New York. It tracks the history of New York’s Dominican community beginning in the early 1960s and their myriad struggles leading to the climactic uprising which was spurred by the police shooting of twenty-three-year-old Jose “Kiko” Garcia. Garcia’s murder galvanized Washington Heights’ Dominican community, prompting deep communal reflection and action concerning the future of Dominican belonging and mobilization in New York City. Meanwhile, Rudolph Giuliani’s sharp demonization of the uprising helped secure his mayoral victory the following year. His ascendance to the city’s highest office through racial antagonism held significant implications for New York’s Latinx people and the evolution of urban policing both in the United States and beyond.
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Shaul Bar Nissim, Hanna. "Religion and community philanthropic organizations: The case of the United Jewish Appeal‐Federation of New York." Nonprofit Management and Leadership 29, no. 3 (October 24, 2018): 363–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nml.21340.
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Bush, Olga. "The Architecture of Jewish Identity: The Neo-Islamic Central Synagogue of New York." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 63, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 180–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4127952.
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In this essay, I study the neo-Islamic Central Synagogue in New York (1872) as the expression of a complex web of cultural identification and differentiation on the part of the Jewish community for which it was constructed. I examine the shift uptown away from immigrant origins, poverty, and Orthodoxy in relation to ambivalence toward Reform Judaism, which had embraced the neo-Islamic architectural style in both the United States and Europe. The tensions inherent in situating the congregation within the larger Jewish world were complicated by the position of the community with respect to its Christian neighbors. The contradiction between the community's initial calls for architectural modesty and the ostentation of the building designed by Henry Fernbach manifest, in the vocabulary of the cultural analysis of W. E. B. DuBois, a "double-consciousness." I have used two interwoven methods in interpreting this material: archival research and comparative study establish the impact of patronage and the originality of the architect; a culturalstudies approach investigates intentions and reception through analysis of journalistic coverage of the late nineteenth century, related to the history of the congregation and the wider Jewish community during this period.
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Bailey, Thomas, and Elliot B. Weininger. "Performance, Graduation, and Transfer of Immigrants and Natives in City University of New York Community Colleges." Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis 24, no. 4 (December 2002): 359–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/01623737024004359.
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The City University of New York (CUNY) plays an essential role in educating the burgeoning immigrant population of New York City. During the 1990s, the foreign-born share of CUNY’s undergraduate population rose from one third to almost one half. Nevertheless, little research has been carried out on this population. Focusing on foreign-born and native minority community college entrants, we compare these groups in terms of the number of credits earned and the likelihood of transferring to a four-year program and of completing an associate degree and a bachelor’s degree. We find that nativity, race, and ethnicity are all related to these outcomes. Moreover, whether a foreign-born student attended high school in the United States or abroad is an important determinant of educational outcomes.
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Labriole, Michaela M., and Valerie A. Luzadis. "New York Society of American Foresters' Perceptions of Climate Change." Journal of Forestry 109, no. 2 (March 1, 2011): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jof/109.2.89.
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Abstract Climate change may greatly impact forests in the northeastern United States, but no research has been conducted on how forest managers perceive this threat. Foresters' perceptions of climate change could impact their management decisions. We conducted an online survey of professional members of the New York Society of American Foresters (NYSAF). In this exploratory study, we found that although the majority was completely or mostly convinced that climate change is occurring, there was a great deal of disagreement regarding the impacts of climate change on New York State forests. Academic foresters, foresters with less than 10 years of experience, and liberal respondents were more likely to feel that climate change is occurring. These results can facilitate education and discussion within the national forestry community and contribute to a better understanding of the implications of forester perceptions on forest management, providing an important foundation for identifying if foresters feel that it is necessary to implement management regimes to mitigate the effects of climate change.
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Jakubowski, Casey. "Urban-Normative Reforms Missing the Mark Rural School Consolidation in New York State, USA." Australian and International Journal of Rural Education 29, no. 3 (November 6, 2019): 92–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.47381/aijre.v29i3.183.
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Abstract: For close to fifty years, rural and non-metro counties in New York State have suffered economic and demographic declines. This paper examines the impact of urbannormative educational reform efforts on one community, and the continued crisis emerging after the consolidated district closed the elementary school. Using Discourse Analysis, two sets of voices are interrogated for their narrative during the crisis. The paper uses social and traditional media in an effort to uncover often ignored or forgotten voices who argue against the public, dominate narrative concerning rural educational reforms in the United States.
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Pierre-Louis, Francois. "Haitian immigrants and the Greater Caribbe an community of New York City: challenges and opportunities." Memorias 21 (May 12, 2022): 22–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14482/memor.21.184.756.
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Haitians are one of the largest post 1965 immigrant groups in New York City. In 2009, there were some 118,769 Haitian immigrants in the city, and this figure does not include the undocumented and the many thousands of children born in the United States to foreign-born Haitian parents. Unlike the English speaking Caribbean immigrants that are recognized as a model minority in America, Haitian immigrants had a different treatment. They were not viewed as a model minority despite the fact that they also came fr o m the Caribbean and shared similar narrative. This paper addresses the two most important periods of Haitian migration to New York City and the mechanisms and structures that they developed in the past several decades to gain acceptance in the US and forge political alliances with the English-speaking Caribbean immigrants to empow er their communi ty.
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Moss, Ethan, Natasha A. Patterson, and Brenda F. Seals. "An Examination of US COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and New York." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 23 (November 24, 2022): 15629. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315629.
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COVID-19 quickly spread across the United States (US) while communications and policies at all government levels suffered from inconsistency, misinformation, and lack of coordination. In order to explain the discrepancy between availability and population uptake, a case study was conducted analyzing vaccine rollout plans, social media, and Health Officer/Other Key Informant interviews in New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania. Key research questions included, “What were the barriers and facilitators of early COVID vaccine distribution?” and “What mechanisms in the community emerged to alleviate strains in early vaccination?” Findings from this study revealed that pre-existing emergency preparedness infrastructures and plans developed since the 9/11 tragedy were seemingly abandoned. This caused health departments at all levels of government to make impromptu, non-uniform decisions leading to confusion, vaccine hesitancy, and ultimately low uptake. The results indicate that future vaccine rollout best practices must include evidence-based decision-making, coordinated communications, and outreach to high-priority and vulnerable communities.
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Sarwar, Golam, and Prakash V. Bhave. "Modeling the Effect of Chlorine Emissions on Ozone Levels over the Eastern United States." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 46, no. 7 (July 1, 2007): 1009–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jam2519.1.
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Abstract This paper presents model estimates of the effect of chlorine emissions on atmospheric ozone concentrations in the eastern United States. The model included anthropogenic molecular chlorine emissions, anthropogenic hypochlorous acid emissions from cooling towers and swimming pools, and chlorine released from sea-salt aerosols. The release of chlorine emissions from sea-salt aerosols was modeled using heterogeneous reactions involving chloride ions in aerosols and three gas-phase species. The gas-phase chlorine chemistry was combined with the Carbon Bond Mechanism and incorporated into the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system. Air quality model simulations were performed for July 2001 and the results obtained with and without chlorine emissions were analyzed. When chlorine emissions were included in the model, ozone concentrations increased in the Houston, Texas, and New York–New Jersey areas. The daily maximum 1-h ozone concentrations increased by up to 12 parts per billion by volume (ppbv) in the Houston area and 6 ppbv in the New York–New Jersey area. The daily maximum 8-h ozone concentrations increased by up to 8 ppbv in the Houston area and 4 ppbv in the New York–New Jersey area. The monthly average daily maximum 1-h ozone concentration increased by up to 3 ppbv in the Houston area, but the increases in the monthly average daily maximum 1-h ozone concentration in the New York–New Jersey area were small. Chlorine emissions and chemistry enhanced the volatile organic compound oxidation rates and, thereby, increased the ozone production rate.
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Waldinger, Roger. "Structural Opportunity or Ethnic Advantage? Immigrant Business Development in New York." International Migration Review 23, no. 1 (March 1989): 48–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791838902300103.
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Research on ethnic enterprise emerged in the United States as part of an attempt to explain the historical differences in business activity between blacks and other ethnic groups. In Beyond the Melting Pot, Glazer and Moynihan argued that “the small shopkeeper, small manufacturer, or small entrepreneur of any kind played such an important role in the rise of immigrant groups in America that its absence from the Negro community warrants at least some discussion.”1 Glazer and Moynihan offered some brief, possible explanations, but the first extended treatment came with the publication of Ivan Light's now classic comparison of Blacks, not with Jews, Italians, or Irish, but with immigrants—Japanese, Chinese, West Indians—whose racial characteristics made them equally distinctive; the argument developed an imaginative variant of the Weber thesis, showing that it was ethnic solidarism, not individualism, that gave these immigrants an “elective affinity” with the requirements of small business.
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Ternikar, Farha. "To Arrange or Not: Marriage Trends in the South Asian American Community." Ethnic Studies Review 31, no. 2 (January 1, 2008): 153–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/esr.2008.31.2.153.
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The idea of the arranged marriage has always seemed “exotic” yet has fascinated the American public. Recent media coverage of arranged marriages is evident in popular periodicals such as the New York Times Online (August 17, 2000) and Newsweek (March 15, 1999). Foner highlights that the arranged marriage is an example of “the continued impact of premigration cultural beliefs and social practices” that South Asian immigrants have transported to the United States (Foner 1997, 964). She offers an interpretive synthesis by showing that “[n]ew immigrant family patterns are shaped by cultural meanings and social practices that immigrants bring with them from their home countries as well as by social, economic, and cultural forces in the United States” (Foner 2005, 157).
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Sodiq, Yushau. "Black Mecca." American Journal of Islam and Society 29, no. 1 (January 1, 2012): 134–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v29i1.1214.
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Black Mecca undoubtedly is a new contribution to the literature on Islamin America. It contributes to a better understanding of AfricanMuslim immigrants in the United States. Only a few books have beenpublished on African immigrants in the United States, and Black Meccadefinitely adds a new dimension to the discussions of African immigrantroles in the United States and to Islamic thought in general.This work will allow readers to recognize that West African Muslimsare not just earning incomeh in the United States; they are actually contributingto the development of Harlem in New York. Often times, many immigrantswould reside in low-class residences until they become affluent, then they would leave the area. These African Muslims consider Harlemtheir home; they have turned it into a thriving business area; they residethere and develop it by building schools and mosques for their community ...
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Hines, Michael. "Learning Freedom: Education, Elevation, and New York's African-American Community, 1827–1829." History of Education Quarterly 56, no. 4 (November 2016): 618–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hoeq.12213.
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Even though the black community of antebellum New York City lived in a society that marginalized them socially and economically, they were intent on pursuing the basic privileges of American citizenship. One tactic African Americans employed to this end was the tenacious pursuit of education, which leaders believed would act both as an aid in economic advancement and as a counterargument against the widely assumed social inferiority of their race. The weekly newspaper, Freedom's Journal, the first African American owned and operated newspaper in the United States, was an avid supporter of this strategy of social elevation through education. From 1827 to 1829, the paper's editors, John Russwurm and Samuel Cornish, used their platform to advertise for a range of schools, editorialize on the importance of learning, and draw connections between the enlightenment of the individual and the progress of the race.
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WHITLEY, EDWARD. "Whitman's Occasional Nationalism: "A Broadway Pageant" and the Space of Public Poetry." Nineteenth-Century Literature 60, no. 4 (March 1, 2006): 451–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2006.60.4.451.
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Despite the attention given to New York City as a source of the poetic imagery and democratic energy in Walt Whitman's poetry, the space of mid-century New York has never fully been explicated as a site of convergence for Whitman's conflicting allegiances to a local working-class urban subculture, the global community, and the United States itself. The reason for this critical lacuna stems in part from a tendency to focus on Whitman's private lyrics rather than on the type of poetry that is necessarily connected with a specific geographic space-namely, public occasional verse. In "A Broadway Pageant" (1860), the only occasional poem that Whitman wrote after publishing the first edition of Leaves of Grass in 1855 and before the outbreak of the Civil War, New York City is presented as a site where city workers and international merchants converge during a moment of national celebration. Originally published in the New York Times to commemorate a parade held for the Meiji Japanese ambassadors who had come to Manhattan in 1860 to ratify a trade agreement with the United States,"A Broadway Pageant" demonstrates how the requirements of occasional poetry allow Whitman to articulate the local and global framework within which his otherwise nationalist poetics operates.
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Preston, Dennis R. "Five visions of America." Language in Society 15, no. 2 (June 1986): 221–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500000191.
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ABSTRACTThe study of dialect distribution has generally focused on the performance of speakers rather than on their perception of speech variation. The exceptions in so-called attitude studies do not further our understanding of where ordinary speakers believe dialect boundaries exist. Hand-drawn maps from five areas (Hawaii, southeastern Michigan, southern Indiana, western New York, and New York City) are converted into generalized maps of local perceptions of dialect areas of the United States. The maps are compared with one another, with traditional maps of U.S.dialect areas, and with maps of cultural and regional zones of the United States. The maps are shown to be of value in calculating attitudinal factors and may be of considerable importance in determining the existence and scope of such notions as “speech community.” (Dialect geography, language standards, American speech, language attitudes)
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Del Vecchio, Jessica. "The Most American Thing in New York City: The Historiography of the National Theater of the United States of America." TDR/The Drama Review 54, no. 4 (December 2010): 155–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00030.
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New York City-based NTUSA uses a census-based creation process to develop vaudevillian spectacles that investigate the construction of local and national histories. Their performances expose tensions between art as a commercial enterprise and a community-building effort, testing the boundary between esoteric avantgarde and purely entertaining, popular performance.
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Ford, Mary M., Angela Allard, Jordan Goldberg, and Cynthia Summers. "Federally Qualified Health Center Penetration Associated With Reduced Community COVID-19 Mortality in Four United States Cities." Journal of Primary Care & Community Health 13 (January 2022): 215013192211384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21501319221138422.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on health care access and delivery, with disparate effects across social and racial lines. Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs) provide critical primary care services to the nation’s most underserved populations, including many communities hardest hit by COVID-19. Methods: We conducted an ecological analysis that aimed to examine FQHC penetration, COVID-19 mortality, and socio-demographic factors in 4 major United States cities: New York, New York; Chicago, Illinois; Detroit, Michigan; and Seattle, Washington. Results: We found the distribution of COVID-19 cases and mortality varied spatially and in magnitude by city. COVID-19 mortality was significantly higher in communities with higher percentages of low-income residents and higher percentages of racial/ethnic minority residents. FQHC penetration was protective against increased COVID-19 mortality, after model adjustment. Conclusions: Our study underpins the critical role of safety-net health care and policymakers must ensure investment in long-term sustainability of FQHCs, through strategic deployment of capital, workforce development, and reimbursement reform.
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Nurhayati, Elis. "Wearing the Niqab: Muslim Women in the UK and the US." Muslim Politics Review 2, no. 2 (December 22, 2023): 341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.56529/mpr.v2i2.206.
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Wearing the Niqab: Muslim Women in the UK and the US,
Anna Piela (New York: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2021)
This book is about narratives on various topics voiced out by niqab wearers in the private and public spheres, including in the mainstream media, in the United Kingdom (UK) and United States (US). Featured narratives include ones on religious agency, identity, social interaction, community, and urban spaces. The author, Anna Piela, situates the narratives in the social and political context in the two countries.
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Judelsohn, Alexandra, Melinda Lemke, Ngo Hna, Samina Raja, Jessica Scates, and Kafuli Agbemenu. "Co-Constructing Knowledge and Space with Refugee Communities: Lessons from the Western New York Refugee Health Summit." Social Sciences 13, no. 8 (July 25, 2024): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci13080390.
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Displaced peoples are often excluded from institutional, community, and public processes in the United States, including in knowledge production spaces where researchers and educators may discuss problems and devise solutions. In this article, we explore the benefits and challenges inherent in the co-construction of knowledge spaces designed with the intent of serving refugee communities. To do so, we examined the Western New York Refugee Health Summit, an event held for eight years where actors convened from three spaces, i.e., institutional, community, and public. Findings are derived from the situated knowledge of the authors (actors embedded in the conception and execution of the Summit) and a qualitative descriptive analysis of eight Summit reports and event evaluation data. Findings illuminate how collaboration across these spaces is co-constructed, as well as challenges inherent in co-construction from an institutional perspective—including our attempts to contest institutional power dynamics. We conclude with a discussion of research and practice-based lessons for co-constructing spaces with and including the voices of refugee community partners.
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Quirke, Carol. "Imagining Racial Equality." Radical History Review 2018, no. 132 (October 1, 2018): 96–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-6942440.
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Abstract Local 65 United Warehouse Workers Union (1933–1987), which became District 65 United Auto Workers, promoted photography with a camera club, and a member-edited newspaper New Voices, featuring photographs taken by members. This left-led, New York City distributive industry union began in 1933 on the Lower East Side, and it became the city’s second largest local. The union utilized photography to normalize the role of African American members within the union and to advance a civil rights and anti-racism agenda. This article includes photographs taken by member-photographers, and photo-reproductions of New Voices. New Voices’ photographs included African Americans in the everyday life of the union, challenged race-based labor segmentation, supported community struggles, and defied racial norms in midcentury America.
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Anderson, Heather, and Clemencia Rodríguez. "Is community radio in crisis in the Global North?: Lessons from Australia and the United States." Journal of Alternative & Community Media 4, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/joacm_00066_1.
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This article explores the relevance of community radio in the Global North. Its significance in the Global South is uncontested (Gumucio Dagron, 2011; Rodrguez, 2011; Tacchi, 2002), however, in the Global North the role of community radio is not necessarily so clear. According to a 2017 study published by New York University, newer digital services are changing the way people listen to content, endangering the future of traditional radio (Miller, 2017). In this environment, the relevance of community radio can be put into question. Based on three different case studies two in Australia and one in the US our analysis explores community broadcasters strategic initiatives that, although different, intend to address specific communication needs in particular audiences. Our analysis suggests that the future of community radio in the Global North depends on its ability to detect needs and audiences at the hyper-local level.
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Rudek-Śmiechowska, Anna. "New York, the Mecca of the Art World. Initial Study on Polish Migrant Artists who Left for the United States, 1986–1995." Studia Migracyjne – Przegląd Polonijny 47, no. 3 (181) (November 2021): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/25444972smpp.21.034.14454.
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The paper strives to characterize the circle of Polish visual artists who left for the United States in the late 20th century and settled in New York City, where they continued their careers. For the purposes of the paper, the subject matter has been focused on an excerpt from an ample research problem i.e. the analysis of the history of the Polish American Artists Society (PAAS,) operating in New York from 1986 through 1995. Their activities form the basis for the analysis and constitute a database to construct a more profound picture of the organization. Therefore, the years in which PAAS operated shall also constitute the paper’s framework. To foster simplicity, the term ‘artist’ and ‘artists’ shall be used to refer to visual artists born in Poland who came to New York City mainly in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, permanently resided in the United States, and worked as visual artists, regardless of the technique they adopted, be it painters, sculptors, photographers, graphic artists, illustrators, performers, artistic fabric weavers, or video artists. The paper uses their micro-stories to illustrate the phenomenon behind the prolific community of Polish artists in New York City from 1986 through 1995. It is based on research on PAAS, which has become the basis for a monographic book about the Society.
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Begum, Thoin F., Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, et al. "Abstract A040: Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program." Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention 32, no. 12_Supplement (December 1, 2023): A040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7755.disp23-a040.
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Abstract Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant health issue in the United States, ranking as the third most diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The incidence of CRC varies across the east coast of the United States due to multiple factors, including disparities in lifestyle, healthcare accessibility, and environmental exposures. Community-based participatory research plays a vital role in identifying effective interventions to enhance awareness of cancer risk and prevention in specific communities. Methods: This study focused on Asian Americans, Blacks, and Hispanics residing in the Greater Philadelphia (PA), New Jersey (NJ), and New York City (NYC) areas. The Synergistic Partnership for Enhancing Equity in Cancer Health (SPEECH) collaborated with community-based organizations' leaders and staff to streamline recruitment, workshop delivery, and survey data collection. The workshop curriculum covered essential CRC information, including facts, dietary habits, and screening guidelines. Pre- and post-workshop surveys were used to assess changes in CRC knowledge and screening intention. The distribution of participants was analyzed using Arc GIS. Results: [GXM1] The study population consisted of 212 Asian, 172 Hispanic/Latino, and 126 African American/Black participants. Geographical data was obtainable for 486 participants, primarily from New York (n=286, 58.8%), Pennsylvania (n=150, 30.9%), and New Jersey (n=49, 10.1%). These states form the Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and New York City (PNN) region, which is known for its high concentrations of neighborhoods experiencing persistent poverty, especially in areas densely populated by minorities. Distinct examples include neighborhoods within the Bronx borough of New York City and Philadelphia County in Pennsylvania. Alarmingly, in some counties within the PNN region, as many as 26% of the census tracts are categorized as persistently impoverished. This pattern of concentrated poverty is supported by several existing studies and research reports. Conclusions: The distribution of participants aligned with the study area of SPEECH and areas characterized by persistent poverty. These findings provide valuable insights to guide efforts in improving cancer health equity in the identified regions. Citation Format: Thoin F. Begum, Ellen Kim, Lin Zhu, Yin Tan, Evelyn T. González, Marilyn A. Fraser, Yingzhang Lin, Nathaly Rubio-Torio, Tenya Blackwell, Carolyn Martin, Safa Ibrahim, Ming-Chin Yeh, Grace X. Ma. Examining the geographical distribution of a colorectal cancer awareness community outreach program [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr A040.
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Jean, Suzie, and Sukhen Dey. "Predicting Hypertension in the United States." International Journal of Applied Research on Public Health Management 6, no. 2 (July 2021): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijarphm.2021070102.
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This paper demonstrates the application of machine learning (ML) to predict patients with hypertension. The data was gathered from the New York City community health survey database for the 2018 survey year, which contains self-reported socio-demographic and health-related items. The study predicted individuals who were at risk of hypertensive conditions. Hypertensive respondents were identified using a battery of questions. The objective was to predict these individuals using social determinants of health (SDH) and clinical attributes. The analysis also shows the importance of clinical or pseudo-clinical measures to improve prediction accuracy. Our planet is under a severe pandemic, COVID-19. While this paper is on hypertension, a secondary conclusion was drawn. The world lacks a global database with clinical attributes for COVID-19 infected, recovered, and deceased patients. Machine learning with clinical data would immensely increase the potential for effective testing and a vaccine.
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Thornicroft, Graham. "Homelessness, outreach and advocacy: Current themes in North American community psychiatry." Bulletin of the Royal College of Psychiatrists 12, no. 7 (July 1988): 286–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0140078900020642.
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With the process of closing psychiatric hospitals and establishing community-based alternatives more than 20 years old in the United States, psychiatric practice there is in the post-deinstitutionalisation age. In Britain we are now starting on this same path. Against this background, I attended the annual conference convened by the journal Hospital and Community Psychiatry in October 1987. Held in Boston, in the same week that Major Koch of New York sanctioned the compulsory reinstitutionalisation of homeless mentally ill people from the streets of Manhattan, the conference emphasised four themes: homelessness, outreach programmes, systems of case management, and compulsory out-patient treatment.
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Davis, Alissa, Dawn Goddard-Eckrich, Anindita Dasgupta, and Nabila El-Bassel. "Risk factors associated with sexually transmitted infections among women under community supervision in New York City." International Journal of STD & AIDS 29, no. 8 (February 22, 2018): 766–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956462418755223.
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The number of women under community supervision in the United States has increased, and this population has a high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We examined STI prevalence and multiple risk factors among drug-involved women under community supervision in New York City. Data were from a randomized controlled trial testing the efficacy of a behavioral HIV/STI intervention (Women on the Road to Health [WORTH]) among drug-involved women in the community corrections system in New York City from 2009 to 2012. To be eligible for inclusion, women had to be under community supervision within the past 90 days, have used illicit drugs at least once in the past six months, and have unprotected sex at least once in the past 90 days. Participants completed a survey containing items on STI risk factors and were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis. Multivariable regression was used to examine associations between risk factors and STI diagnosis. Of 333 women tested, 89 (26.7%) tested positive for an STI. Ten (3.0%) were positive for C. trachomatis, 4 (1.2%) for N. gonorrhoeae, and 77 (23.1%) for T. vaginalis. Women with any STI were more likely to be black (AOR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.08–3.77), homeless in the past 90 days (AOR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.01–4.26), arrested in the past 90 days (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.14–3.39), and have a greater number of sexual partners in the past 90 days (AOR: 1.24; 95% CI: 1.08–1.42). Drug-using women under community supervision have a high burden of STIs driven by multiple risk factors. Implementing STI screening, prevention, and treatment programs in community supervision settings could facilitate a reduction in STIs among this population.
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PRUDIC, J., M. OLFSON, and H. A. SACKEIM. "Electro-convulsive therapy practices in the community." Psychological Medicine 31, no. 5 (July 2001): 929–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291701003750.
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Background. Controlled studies have demonstrated that variations in electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) technique impacts on efficacy and cognitive side effects. However, there is little information on the extent of variation in how ECT is practiced in community settings in the United States.Methods. A survey of practice patterns was conducted at ECT facilities in the greater New York City metropolitan area.Results. The 59 facilities varied considerably in many aspects of ECT practice, often clearly departing from the standards in the field. The more intensive the form of ECT used at facilities, the less likely was cognitive status assessed following the treatment course.Conclusion. There is marked variability in the nature of ECT practices in community settings. The extent to which this variability impacts on the benefits and risks of ECT needs to be examined.
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Orr, David P. "When Should Agencies Post Weight Limits on Local Highways in New York State?" Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 12 (September 15, 2019): 874–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119854075.
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Most highways in New York State, United States, are maintained by local agencies, so decisions about operations and maintenance for low-volume roads are critical. Local highway officials use existing tools and methods to manage their highway networks. Posting of weight limits is done for a variety of reasons such as: structural limits on bridges, setting of truck routes through a community, and seasonal posting. A simple low-volume pavement model was developed using with the Cornell Pavement Frost Model to review various approaches to seasonal posting of roads and streets. Using a simple model for timing of seasonal posting can be a very effective tool for a local highway agency. The Cornell Local Roads Program developed such a spreadsheet tool currently being tested by local towns in New York State. The tool only requires a simple pavement model and average air temperature data.
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Stack, Brian, and Peter Boag. "GEORGE CHAUNCEY'SGAY NEW YORK:A VIEW FROM 25 YEARS LATER." Journal of the Gilded Age and Progressive Era 18, no. 1 (December 7, 2018): 120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1537781418000622.
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When George Chauncey'sGay New Yorkappeared a quarter century ago, it did so with deserved fanfare. Reviewers celebrated it as “brilliant,” “magisterial,” “exceptional,” “monumental,” “light-years ahead,” “masterful,” “seminal,” “groundbreaking,” “absolutely marvelous,” a “new beginning,” and a “landmark study.” While reviews ofGay New Yorkappeared in the usual American history journals, many of these were uncommonly long, indicating the book's immediate importance. This importance was also felt beyond the discipline of history with reviews appearing in sociological, anthropological, environmental, American Studies, and even speech journals. The Association of American Geographers held a roundtable onGay New Yorkin 1995 in which a participant dubbed it, “one of the more important texts written by a nongeographer to be included in a canon of new social geography.” Beyond the academy, the popular press also expressed considerable interest in the book, with theNew York Times, theNew Yorker, theNew Republic, and theGay Community Newseach taking up the matter ofGay New Yorkin its pages. And beyond the bounds of the United States, scholarly publications in Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom also commissioned reviews ofGay New York. A year after its American debut with Basic Books, the parent firm of HarperCollins released it in the United Kingdom, and then eight years later the noted historian Didier Eribon translated it into French for the Parisian publisher Fayard. Within its first few years of publication,Gay New Yorkalso collected a number of notable prizes, including theLos Angeles TimesBook Prize for history, the Frederick Jackson Turner Award from the Organization of American Historians (OAH), the Lambda Literary Award for gay men's studies, and the Merle Curti Award from the OAH.
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Dellicour, Simon, Samuel L. Hong, Bram Vrancken, Antoine Chaillon, Mandev S. Gill, Matthew T. Maurano, Sitharam Ramaswami, et al. "Dispersal dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 lineages during the first epidemic wave in New York City." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 5 (May 20, 2021): e1009571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009571.
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During the first phase of the COVID-19 epidemic, New York City rapidly became the epicenter of the pandemic in the United States. While molecular phylogenetic analyses have previously highlighted multiple introductions and a period of cryptic community transmission within New York City, little is known about the circulation of SARS-CoV-2 within and among its boroughs. We here perform phylogeographic investigations to gain insights into the circulation of viral lineages during the first months of the New York City outbreak. Our analyses describe the dispersal dynamics of viral lineages at the state and city levels, illustrating that peripheral samples likely correspond to distinct dispersal events originating from the main metropolitan city areas. In line with the high prevalence recorded in this area, our results highlight the relatively important role of the borough of Queens as a transmission hub associated with higher local circulation and dispersal of viral lineages toward the surrounding boroughs.
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Jeanrond, Werner. "Biblical Challenges to a Theology of Love." Biblical Interpretation 11, no. 3 (2003): 640–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851503790507963.
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AbstractA contemporary systematic theological reflection upon love requires a cross-disciplinary attention to the plurality of approaches to love within the Hebrew Scriptures and the New Testament. This article explores the retrieval and development of Jewish love traditions within three New Testament traditions, namely the Synoptic Gospels, the Johannine texts, and Paul. These approaches agree on the divine origin and gift-character of love, but differ in their assessment of both the horizon of love and the significance of love for the Christian community. John stresses the community's need to be united in love against a hostile environment; Paul recommends the praxis of love as means of dealing with difference, otherness and conflict within the community; and Luke considers the universal scope of neighbourly love. Thus, acknowledging God as the author of love and reflecting upon God's nature as love does not necessarily lead to the same theological convictions or praxis of love in church and world. Moreover, the rich and ambiguous history of biblical love includes a shifting emphasis on human desire, the erotic, and the body. A critical theology of love would need to pay close attention to both the possibilities and ambiguities of the plurality of approaches to love in the Bible.
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Murray, Ashley, Zaneta Gaul, Madeline Y. Sutton, and Jose Nanin. "“We hide…”: Perceptions of HIV Risk Among Black and Latino MSM in New York City." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 2 (November 21, 2017): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988317742231.
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Black and Latino men who have sex with men (BLMSM) are disproportionately infected with HIV; they comprised 66% of HIV diagnoses among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States in 2015. Risk factors for HIV infection among BLMSM include a high community prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed HIV/STDs, and dense sex partner networks. Perceptions of HIV risk among BLMSM were explored to inform HIV prevention efforts. During 2011–2012, semistructured interviews were conducted with BLMSM in New York City. Using computer-assisted thematic analyses (NVivo), transcribed interview responses to questions regarding HIV risk for main themes were examined. Interview data were available for 108 BLMSM: 86% Black, 13% Latino, 26% aged 18–24 years, 59% self-identified as “gay,” and 33% self-identified as “bisexual.” The main emergent theme was stigma. Subthemes related to stigma included: (a) homophobia in the Black and Latino community, (b) fear of losing support from family and friends, and (c) lack of support leading to low self-esteem. Addressing the stigma felt by BLMSM may be an important strategy to facilitate improved HIV prevention efforts, HIV care and treatment, and to decrease HIV-related disparities.
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Min, Pyong Gap. "The Structure and Social Functions of Korean Immigrant Churches in the United States." International Migration Review 26, no. 4 (December 1992): 1370–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839202600413.
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A vast majority of Korean immigrants in the United States are affiliated with ethnic churches. Korean ethnic churches serve important social functions for Korean church members and the Korean community as a whole. This article has two major objectives. First, it provides descriptive information on the structure of Korean immigrant churches in the United States. More importantly, it systematically analyzes social functions of Korean immigrant churches. The article focuses on four major social functions: 1) providing fellowship for Korean immigrants; 2) maintaining the Korean cultural tradition; 3) providing social services for church members and the Korean community as a whole; and 4) providing social status and positions for Korean adult immigrants. Interviews with 131 Korean head pastors in New York City are the major data source for this study.
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García, Ofelia, Isabel Evangelista, Mabel Martínez, Carmen Disla, and Bonifacio Paulino. "Spanish language use and attitudes: A study of two New York City communities." Language in Society 17, no. 4 (December 1988): 475–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500013063.
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ABSTRACTThis article presents the results of a comparative study of two Hispanic communities in New York City: Washington Heights and Elmhurst/Corona. Our data on language proficiency, language use, and attitudes were gathered using a sociolinguistic questionnaire. However, the study benefited from the interactive process established between the researchers and the communities which they studied and in which they live and work.Our data are analyzed along three dimensions. First, we compare data for the two Spanish-speaking communities. We discuss how the social status and the ethnic configuration of the community affect linguistic and attitudinal behaviors. Then, we analyze the data according to national origin. We discuss how the five nationality groups included in our study – Central Americans, Cubans, Dominicans, Puerto Ricans, and South Americans – differ in language proficiency, language use, and language attitudes. Finally, we compare the data for Dominicans in Washington Heights to that of Dominicans in Elmhurst/Corona. We examine how national origin and the language surround of the ethnic community interact in order to determine language use and attitudes. Some of the findings here differ from what may be supposed of such cases.We suggest socioeducational and language policies for Hispanics in the United States based on the results of this study. (Sociology of language, sociolinguistics, language planning, ethnic studies, sociology, education of language minorities, language education, Central American, Cuban, Dominican, Puerto Rican, South American Spanish in New York City)
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Mantilla-Serrano, Fernando. "Case Note: Termorío S.A. E.S.P. et al. v. Electranta S.P. et al." Journal of International Arbitration 25, Issue 3 (June 1, 2008): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/joia2008028.
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The Termorío decision rendered in May 2007 by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit has provoked justified concerns in the international arbitration community. The decision purports to rely on the New York Convention but fails to reason on the basis of the enforcement and recognition of the award, instead relying exclusively on the recognition and deference due to foreign judgments on arbitral awards. Indeed, it places undue emphasis on the place of arbitration, and it misreads Article V(1)(e) of the New York Convention, as if it were a provision distributing international jurisdiction among judicial authorities. The decision, failing to articulate any meaningful standard for the principle of favorability of Article VII of the New York Convention, represents a missed opportunity to clarify the U.S. approach toward the enforcement of awards previously set aside at the place of arbitration.
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Kenyon, Kristy L., Morgan E. Onorato, Alan J. Gottesman, Jamila Hoque, and Sally G. Hoskins. "Testing CREATE at Community Colleges: An Examination of Faculty Perspectives and Diverse Student Gains." CBE—Life Sciences Education 15, no. 1 (March 2016): ar8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.15-07-0146.
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CREATE (Consider, Read, Elucidate the hypotheses, Analyze and interpret the data, and Think of the next Experiment) is an innovative pedagogy for teaching science through the intensive analysis of scientific literature. Initiated at the City College of New York, a minority-serving institution, and regionally expanded in the New York/New Jersey/Pennsylvania area, this methodology has had multiple positive impacts on faculty and students in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics courses. To determine whether the CREATE strategy is effective at the community college (2-yr) level, we prepared 2-yr faculty to use CREATE methodologies and investigated CREATE implementation at community colleges in seven regions of the United States. We used outside evaluation combined with pre/postcourse assessments of students to test related hypotheses: 1) workshop-trained 2-yr faculty teach effectively with the CREATE strategy in their first attempt, and 2) 2-yr students in CREATE courses make cognitive and affective gains during their CREATE quarter or semester. Community college students demonstrated positive shifts in experimental design and critical-thinking ability concurrent with gains in attitudes/self-rated learning and maturation of epistemological beliefs about science.
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McNutt, Briar. "The Under-Enrollment of HIV-infected Foster Children in Clinical Trials and Protocols and the Need for Corrective State Action." American Journal of Law & Medicine 20, no. 3 (1994): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0098858800007164.
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The incidence of HIV infection and AIDS in children has grown at an alarming rate. Approximately one million children worldwide have HIV infection. By the year 2000, an estimated ten million children will suffer from the disease. Currently, the United States has a population of an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 HIV-infected children. As of June 30, 1993, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported 4,710 known AIDS cases in children twelve years-old and younger. At that point, New York City reported 1,124 pediatric AIDS cases which represented twenty-four percent of all cases in the United States.With the rising number of HIV-infected children, the medical community in the United States has begun to search for HIV-and AIDS-related treatments particularized for children. In addition to establishing guidelines for HIV-infected children's frequent check-ups and timely immunizations, the medical community has initiated research studies involving HIV-infected children.