Journal articles on the topic 'Unit: Malaghan Institute for Medical Research'
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Ordeanu, Viorel. "The semi-centenary of a prestigious medical unit: Military-Medical Research Center." Romanian Journal of Military Medicine 121, no. 3 (December 1, 2018): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.55453/rjmm.2018.121.3.8.
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The Military Medical Research Center (CCSMM) is a health research unit, subordinated to the Medical Directorate of the Ministry of National Defence. The overall objective is represented by conducting researches on the medical protection against weapons of mass destruction (ADM) that use chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear (CBRN) agents, on the accidents involving CBRN agents and on the military-medical expertise in the field. The CCSMM specialists develop methods and techniques for diagnosis, prophylaxis, treatment and recovery to optimize medical countermeasures during peace, war, or crisis situations. The activity is complementary to the one carried by the “Cantacuzino” National Military-Medical Institute for Research and Development which deals with the diagnosis of infectious diseases (microbiology and epidemiology) and the production of reagents and biological medicinal products for infectious diseases. In conclusion, CCSMM is a unique healthcare unit nationwide, by its field of activity, having a tradition of over half a century, during which it has formed specialists and has had outstanding achievements in the medical protection against CBRN weapons and agents. There are prerequisites for the further development and visibility of the institution.
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Franić, Zdenko, Tomislav Bituh, Ranka Godec, Mirjana Čačković, Tomislav Meštrović, and Jerko Šiško. "Experiences with the accreditation of the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 71, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2020-71-3449.
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Abstract Accreditation in accordance with the international General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories (HRN EN ISO/IEC 17025 standard) has become a widely accepted method of quality management and objective evidence of technical competence, knowledge, and skills of testing and calibration laboratories. In 2010, the Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health (IMROH) had its management system accredited against the HRN EN ISO/IEC 17025 standard for the following scopes: determination of radioactivity, testing of ambient air quality, and testing in the scope of ionising radiation protection. This accreditation encompassed three laboratories: Radiation Protection Unit, Environmental Hygiene Unit, and the Radiation Dosimetry and Radiobiology Unit. In accordance with the rules of the Croatian Accreditation Agency, the second re-accreditation is due in 2020. This paper describes and discusses the quality management system at IMROH over the ten years of its implementation. We share our experiences about non-conformities discovered during regular work, internal audits, and external audits performed by the Croatian Accreditation Agency. The accredited management system significantly improved the performance of the accredited units, and the Institute increased its visibility and marketing advantage, consequently improving its market position.
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Pako, Wandagi H. "The work of the Kuru Field Unit, Kuru Research Project of the Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research and MRC Prion Unit." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 363, no. 1510 (November 27, 2008): 3652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.4021.
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Markiewicz, E., and J. P. Sculier. "Organization of a new medical intensive care unit (ICU): Nursing experience in a cancer institute." European Journal of Cancer 29 (January 1993): S252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0959-8049(93)92039-u.
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Krasnoperov, F. T., L. R. Vaitsova, A. I. Leusheva, and R. G. Yunusova. "From the experience of cooperation between the medical unit and the department of the medical institute." Kazan medical journal 68, no. 5 (October 15, 1987): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj96536.
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The team of the Department of Tuberculosis of the S.V. Kurashov Kazan Medical Institute together with the medical unit No. 11 of Kazan. For several years they have been studying the impact of some production factors that have an allergic effect on certain categories of employees. Medical and consulting assistance in medical diagnostic and organizational work, especially on early detection, effective treatment and preventive measures of allergic and other respiratory diseases, as well as pathology of internal organs, are provided by employees of the Tuberculosis Department. Thus, directly in the shop floor medical stations they perform monthly medical consultations with patients, give advice on treatment and diet, preventive measures, prescribe medicines and other therapies, monitor the effectiveness of treatment. Employees of the department also conduct medical consultations on the basis of the department. In necessary cases for the employees of the company they organize consultations of other specialists, help to conduct additional (radiological, laboratory, functional) research.
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Ajura, A. J., and S. H. Lau. "P166. Lymphoma of the orofacial region diagnosed by Stomatology Unit, Institute for Medical Research (2000–2010)." Oral Oncology 47 (July 2011): S127—S128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oraloncology.2011.06.409.
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Aanensen, David M., Celia C. Carlos, Pilar Donado-Godoy, Iruka N. Okeke, K. L. Ravikumar, Khalil Abudahab, Monica Abrudan, et al. "Implementing Whole-Genome Sequencing for Ongoing Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance: Exemplifying Insights Into Klebsiella pneumoniae." Clinical Infectious Diseases 73, Supplement_4 (November 27, 2021): S255—S257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab795.
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Abstract In this Supplement, we detail outputs of the National Institute for Health Research Global Health Research Unit on Genomic Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance project, covering practical implementation of whole-genome sequencing across our consortium, which consists of laboratories in Colombia, India, Nigeria, and the Philippines.
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Karitsky, Andrey Petrovich. "Main improvement organizations of federal specialized (oncologic) institute as a unit of health system." Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 6, no. 4 (December 15, 2015): 116–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped64116-123.
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Recently economic analysis of health care is demanded and actual due to becoming more and more urgent need for restructuring and a choice of priorities for this boundary section of medicine. In the article are considered strong and weaknesses of health system models, including in option of a so-called transitional economy on the example of federal N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology. Now the N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology can call establishment of national health system with state regulation of programs of general obligatory medical insurance. In this model of health care the state obliges employers and citizens to deduct part of the income on the health insurance, and producers of medical services to provide the population with medical care, including with mediation of insurance companies within obligatory medical insurance. Introduction of this model allowed to provide citizens with full medical care at the expressed reduction of expenses (to 8-12 % of gross domestic product). In the majority of medical institutions medical care is “free”, therefore, to maintain market balance at increase in demand for service, "waiting lists" are entered, patients with “priority” diseases are exposed to treatment, often there are complaints to the unfriendly attitude towards patients. The ideal health system has to provide medical services in unlimited volume without insurance premiums, deductions or individual share at a full freedom of choice of the doctor. Common problem for all systems, mentioning in no small measure functioning of oncologic establishments, is uncertainty of a state role and involvement of each of participants (the state, insurance companies, suppliers of medical services) in realization of various potential functions and problems of health care.
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Arabas, Iwona. "Działalność Pracowni Historii Nauk Przyrodniczych i Medycznych Instytutu Historii Nauki PAN w 2021 r." Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki 67, no. 3 (October 3, 2022): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/0023589xkhnt.22.028.16331.
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Research Activity of the History of Natural and Medical Sciences Research Unit at the Institute for the History of Science PAS in 2021 In 2021, the members of the History of Natural and Medical Sciences Research Unit pursued a variety of topics, but most research activities were inspired by the COVID-19 pandemic and the history of museology of nature and technology. Our activities were fostered by international cooperation which facilitated access to foreign archives. The first step to joint action is creating the virtual cabinet within a proposed digital project titled The Lost Collection: The Cabinet of Natural History of Duchess Anna Jabłonowska in Podlasie (1728–1800).
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Barahona, Ana. "Medical Genetics in Mexico." Historical Studies in the Natural Sciences 45, no. 1 (2014): 147–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/hsns.2015.45.1.147.
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In this paper, I explore the origins of medical cytogenetic knowledge and practices in the 1960s and 1970s in Mexico, focusing on the work of the group headed by Salvador Armendares, who spent two years in Oxford, England, with human genetics expert Alan C. Stevenson. Upon Armendares’ return from England in 1966, the first Unit for Research in Human Genetics was created at a medical setting, the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security). Soon after its creation, Fabio Salamanca and Leonor Buentello began to work with Armendares in the implementation of cytogenetics. Some of the research projects showed the embeddedness of these researchers in both public health policy and medical care, as they tackled the effects of malnutrition on chromosome structure, child mortality, chromosome aberrations, and Down syndrome. Armendares, Salamanca, and Buentello had trained at different academic institutions at many different times, and contributed to transforming hospital medical practice into a medical research discipline. By posing malnutrition, one of the main concerns of Mexican post-revolutionary governments, as both a medical and a genetic problem, the unit contributed to positioning cytogenetics as a medical practice and a medical research domain. The focus of this paper will be this set of institutions, physicians, practices, and ideas that began to reshape medical genetics in Mexico. The reconstruction of the early days of cytogenetics in Mexico demonstrates the major roles played by both the clinic and post-revolution public health policies in the origins of medical genetics in Mexico, within a global movement to deliver the benefits of scientific knowledge to the general population.
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Alexander, Duane. "The Pediatric Pharmacology Research Unit Network of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development." Drug Information Journal 33, no. 2 (April 1999): 385–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009286159903300209.
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Krylov, P. K., E. V. Zinoviev, V. A. Manukovsky, O. V. Orlova, and K. M. Krylov. "Medical and statistical characteristics of patients and injuries of the burn center Dzhanelidze Research Institute of Emergency Care." EMERGENCY MEDICAL CARE 23, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.24884/2072-6716-2022-23-3-4-9.
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The results of the analysis of the medical and statistical characteristics of patients who applied for emergency and urgent indications to the burn center of the State Budgetary Institution “St. I. I. Dzhanelidze”, based on the results of 2019–2021. It was revealed that out of 4465 patients, 790 (17.8%) were admitted with injuries requiring immediate hospitalization in the intensive care unit for burns. 2232 victims (50%) after examination in an inpatient emergency department were referred to specialized general departments of the burn center, in 1443 cases (32.2%) injuries were recorded that did not require inpatient treatment, assistance was provided on an outpatient basis. Most of the patients applied for burn injuries — 3825 (85.7%), ICD10 codes: T310-T319.
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Stilidi, I. S., L. I. Kosova, I. A. Doroshev, V. M. Kulushev, D. A. Ryabchikov, S. A. Artemiev, S. N. Ilyin, A. M. Kazakov, and Yu A. Kolbasuk. "The use of lean technologies to optimize operating unit of a major Federal center – N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia." Russian Journal of Biotherapy 21, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 64–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2022-21-1-64-67.
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Introduction. Various scientific studies are carried out all over the world aimed at solving issues related to the availability and improvement of the quality of medical care to the population through various measures aimed at improving the integration and coordination of production and technological processes in medical organizations. In our previous works, the key methods for optimizing the operation of the operating unit were outlined, and efficiency was demonstrated with justification for the introduction of methods into the work of not only the operating unit, but also the unit involved in preoperative preparation, but the period for evaluating performance indicators was 1 year. Therefore, the study was continued in the period 2017–2021.The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of the practical implementation of the lean technology methodology in the operation of the operational unit.Materials. Statistical data on the results of work of surgical departments of the Research Institute of Clinical Oncology of N. N. Blokhin National Research Medical Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russia for 2017–2021.Results. The expansion of the staff, the active use of all operating rooms, the rational distribution of medical equipment and instruments, the change in the work plan of departments and the routing of surgical patients allowed not only to increase the flow of patients, but also to achieve world standards when planning the operation of the operating unit. Using the example of a progressive increase in the number of operations at the Research Institute of Clinical Oncology from 10 470 in 2017 to 15 140 in 2021, as well as the example of individual surgical departments (surgery departments No. 15, plastic surgery departments), it is possible to trace the process of successful optimization.Conclusion. An example of the development and application of lean technologies in the operating unit of the N. N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology of the Ministry of Health of Russia makes it possible to conclude that a competent approach to optimizing the unit is necessary, which can be achieved in a relatively short time by increasing productivity. Lean technologies have helped to significantly reduce the preoperative bedday, significantly increase the productivity of the operating unit, and as a result, increase the number of surgical interventions performed at the center.
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Artamonova, G. V., Yana V. Danil’Chenko, D. V. Karas’, T. S. Kostomarova, D. V. Kryuchkov, S. A. Makarov, and D. G. Shapovalov. "The experience of involvement of personnel of the medical research organization into management of its functioning." Health Care of the Russian Federation 61, no. 1 (May 24, 2019): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0044-197x-2017-61-1-22-28.
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The active involvement of personnel to management of functioning of organization at all levels has an economic usefulness and social value. The article presents experience of involvement of personnel into management as exemplified by medical research organization using international tool standard ISO 9001. Purpose ofstudy. To represent experience of involvement ofpersonnel to management of functioning research medical organization by force of implementation of quality management system corresponding to requirements of ISO 9001. The system ofmanagement ofmain types of functioning ofthe research institute of complex problems of cardio-vascular diseases was used as a study object. The worker of organization as a subject of management system was used as a unit of observation. Out of personnel of organization was organized a team of leaders trained to quality management. The model of quality management in the research institute of complex problems of cardio-vascular diseases was presented by such processes as research and curative diagnostic activities. The workers in a different way assess usefulness of implementation of quality management system for their professional work - positive responses gave 26% of junior medical personnel and up to 77% of administrators. This occurrence indicates to different purposes of involvement of personnel to management. The experience of implementation of quality management system in the research institute of complex problems of cardio-vascular diseases testifies that work ofpersonnel of any professional category in one way or another impact the achievement of targets of organization. At the expense of active involvement of personnel to process of management of activities the organization ameliorates its functioning on systemic level. To comprehend usefulness of quality management system by members of particular professional groups it is expedient to develop and implement innovative methods of personal interest in the results of work considering characteristics of particular team, its targets and aims in the area of quality.
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Gaine, Sean, Nicholas W. Morrell, Stuart Rich, and Norbert Voelkel. "Future Directions: An Expert Panel Explores the Challenge of Halting Progression and Reversing the Pathology of PAH." Advances in Pulmonary Hypertension 2, no. 4 (November 1, 2003): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21693/1933-088x-2.4.22.
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This discussion was moderated by Sean Gaine, MD, Director, Pulmonary Hypertension Unit, Mater Misericordiae Hospital, University College, Dublin, Ireland. The physicians participating included Stuart Rich, MD, Professor of Medicine, and Director, Rush Heart Institute Center for Pulmonary Heart Disease, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, Norbert Voelkel, MD, The Hart Family Professor of Emphysema Research, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, and Nicholas W. Morrell, MD, Director, Pulmonary Vascular Diseases Unit, Papworth and Addenbrooke's Hospitals, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
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Philip, Tony, Corey Karlin-Zysman, Alex Rimar, Tara Liberman, Donna Cardoza, Jane E. Carleton, and Craig E. Devoe. "Using a geographic and interdisciplinary strategy to improve patient care outcomes." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 27_suppl (September 20, 2019): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.27_suppl.78.
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78 Background: Long Island Jewish Medical Center at Northwell Health is an urban/suburban academic tertiary care hospital located across the street from the Northwell Health Cancer Institute. The Division of Hospital Medicine partnered with Hematology/Oncology and Palliative Care to co-manage inpatient oncology patients on a geographic unit. The goal was to improve patient care through co-ownership and co-accountability of cancer patients in conjunction with a unit-based collaboration with Nursing, Pharmacy, Social Work, Case Management and Physical Therapy. Methods: A unit-based, interdisciplinary care team was formed consisting of Medical Oncologists, Hospitalists, Palliative Care specialists, Radiation Oncologists, as well as unit based and specialty trained nurses, social workers and advanced care practitioners. The team meets Monday thru Friday during interdisciplinary rounds to collaboratively discuss the care plans of each patient. We recently added a hospital-based medical oncologist to support greater continuity and communication. Results: Since full implementation including improvements in patient cohorting, the oncology care model has resulted in a 20% reduction in Medicare readmissions, a significant reduction in CAUTIs and CLABSIs, a 50% reduction in C.diff, a decreased CMI-adjusted length of stay and an improvement in pain management HCAHP scores, despite a 10% increase in CMI. An interdisciplinary approach has also improved documentation of goals of care discussion from 6% to 40-58%, furthering the idea of providing a unified medical voice to a vulnerable population. Conclusions: The oncology care model highlights that implementing multidisciplinary rounding, co-management and population-based geography can deliver a higher quality and more efficient level of care even in the face of higher patient acuity.
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Mihaylov, M. K. "90th anniversary of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics of Kazan State Medical Academy of postdegree education." Kazan medical journal 98, no. 1 (February 15, 2017): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17750/kmj2017-144.
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The history of formation of the Department of radiation diagnostics in Kazan state medical academy is tightly connected with the history of roentgenology in Kazan. The Department of radiation diagnostics celebrates its 90th anniversary being deeply and successfully involved in training of highly-skilled specialists - radiation diagnosticians - and in research activities. In 1920 in Kazan the Institute for Doctor’s Improvement was organized (nowadays it is named Kazan state medical academy). The Board of the Institute decided to organize laboratories and X-ray unit on the basis of therapeutic clinic. The first study was conducted by the rector himself, professor A.R. Lurija. In 1927 assistant professor R.Ja. Gasul’, professor M.I. Nemenov’s apprentice, invited from Leningrad was elected as the Head of the Department. During the last few years professors E.F. Rottermel’, D.E. Gol’dshtejn, M.H. Fajzullin were Heads of the Department and since 1982 till present professor M.K. Mikhajlov has been the Head of the Department of radiation diagnostics.
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Ingale, Anand M., Pratibha Nadig, and Ananya Chakraborty. "ANALYSIS OF THE ADVERSE DRUG REACTIONS COLLECTED THROUGH ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE IN THE PHARMACOVIGILANCE UNIT OF A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2018): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i8.26138.
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Objectives: The objectives of the study were to analyze the various adverse drug reactions (ADRs) collected in the Pharmacovigilance Unit of Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre with respect to their causality, severity, and preventability and also to identify the various risk factors, concomitant medications, and comorbid conditions with the occurrence of these events.Methods: A prospective, non-interventional, observational, and cross-sectional study was carried out in the various clinical departments of Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre from June 2014 to May 2015. The Classes of drugs, Organ system involved, Comorbid conditions associated and Concomitant drugs involved in causing ADRs were looked into. The assessment for causality and severity was determined by Naranjo and Modified Hartwig and Siegel scales, respectively. The data were compiled and subjected to descriptive statistical analysis.Results: A total of 433 patients developing ADR reports were analyzed during our study period. Of these, 53.59% were females. 75% of them were of adult age group. Antimicrobials and chemotherapy group showed the maximum ADRs. The skin and appendages (27.6%) were the most affected organ system followed by the gastrointestinal system (22.8%). Comorbid conditions were found in 76 (20.1%) reports; of which diabetes (28.9%) and hypertension (26.3%) were maximum. 74 were serious reports. Maximum reports were probable and of mild severity.Conclusion: Through active surveillance of the ADRs helps in early detection and prevention of all the possible adverse events associated with the usage of drugs and thereby provides a better health-care treatment to the patients.
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R., Divyashree C., Nalini G. K., Suresh R. M., Deepak P., Sahana G. N., Jayashree V. Nagaral, Mohith N., and Rakshitha B. V. "A prospective observational study on drug utilization pattern in medical intensive care unit of a tertiary medical care hospital." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 6 (May 23, 2019): 1356. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192202.
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Background: Drug utilization research is a part of Pharmacoepidemiology defined by the WHO as the study of marketing, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs in a society, with special emphasis on the resulting medical, social and economic consequences. Conducting periodic studies of pattern of drug use in our hospital setting is essential to critically analyse the current hospital drug policies and to make recommendations based on various guidelines to improve upon the current drug usage pattern. Aims and objectives of the study was to generate data on the drug utilization pattern in Medical ICU and to monitor antimicrobial usage in MICU.Methods: Patients who were admitted in medical ICU of Hassan institute of Medical Sciences were recruited based on inclusion-exclusion criteria. The study was conducted over a period of 3 months from April 2018 to June 2018. The demographic and clinical treatment data of patients were collected. The prescriptions were assessed as per the WHO indicators.Results: Common causes of admission were suicidal poisoning, snake bite, viral thrombocytopenia, myocardial infarction and stroke. The average duration of stay was 5.74 days and average number of drugs/patient was 5.26. Pantoprazole, Ranitidine, Ceftriaxone, Atropine, Pralidoxime, ASV, Ondansetron, and N-acetylcysteine were commonly prescribed drugs. 42.4% of drugs were prescribed by generic names and 84.2% of the drugs were prescribed from Essential Medicine List.Conclusions: This study will provide database to address prescription protocols and guide appropriate use of drugs in the ICU setting.
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Tansella, M. "The Research Unit of the Servizio di Psicologia Medica at the Institute of Psychiatry of the University of Verona, 1980–1991." Psychological Medicine 23, no. 1 (February 1993): 239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700039039.
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SynopsisThere has been an adult psychiatry research group within the Institute of Psychiatry of the University of Verona since 1970. However, in 1980, the University of Verona established a Chair in Medical Psychology and since that time a separate department gradually developed. This department, primarily devoted to epidemiological studies in mental health and to teaching activities, was later involved also in clinical work and was officially recognized by the Regional Health Department and by the Local Socio Health authorities (ULSS No. 25, Verona), as Servizio di Psicologia Medica. They provided additional financial support and new infrastructures not only for its clinical activities but also for research carried out in its Research Unit.
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Sultana, Arifa, Ashees Kumar Saha, Afsana Bilkis, Papia Sultana, Sajeda Khatun, and Kazi Jahangir Hossain. "Management of hemodialysis unit in a specialized hospital." Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 6, no. 4 (January 7, 2021): 683–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ajmbr.v6i4.51234.
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Chronic Kidney disease is becoming a global public health problem throughout the world. The aim of the study was to assess management status of the hemodialysis unit in a specialized hospital. It was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study. A total of 17 participants were selected by purposive sampling method on the basis of defined selection criteria from January 2015 to December 2016. The place of study was National Institute of Kidney Diseases and Urology (NIKDU) hospital, Dhaka. The research instruments were a semi structured questionnaire and a checklist. The socio-demographic status of the respondents showed that 11.8 %( n=02) were doctor, 58.8 %( n=10) nurses and 29.4 %( n=05) were technician. Mean age of care providers was 38.82±8.79 years. Majority of respondents, were satisfied regarding the unit including physical facilities 76.5% (n=13) cleanliness of the unit 58.8% (n=10) and medical record facility 52.9% (n=9). Need to strengthen infection control measure and BCC activities among the service providers to improve the management status of the hemodialysis unit of NIKDU hospital.
Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. December 2020, 6(4): 683-688
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Khwaja, Mariyam, Deeapk Chopra, Pankaj Kumar Verma, Nidhi Jauhari, and Shadiya Shehnaz. "Clinical Profile of Indoor Covid-19 Patients at a Medical Institute In India: A Retrospective analysis." Indian Journal of Community Health 34, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47203/ijch.2022.v34i02.030.
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Background: COVID-19 has caused a very high burden of morbidity and mortality across the world, India being also badly affected. The disease has a wide spectrum ranging from asymptomatic to severe illness and death. Research work on the epidemiological and clinical profile of patients is scarce in India. Objectives: This study was conducted to know the clinico-epidemiological profile of indoor hospitalized Covid 19 patients. Methods: a retrospective analysis (record based) conducted at a designated COVID tertiary care center. Study period-1st August 2020 to 31st October 2020. Study Unit- Laboratory confirmed COVID 19 patients admitted in the hospital. Sample size- All the 894 patients with complete record were included in the study. Results: The mean age was 47.68± 17.62 years. Around 14.1% of the population was asymptomatic. 75.7% were classified as having a mild disease. The cure rate was 82.9% and deaths were reported in 9.4%. Conclusions: Our findings were similar to findings observed in other studies. A positive significant correlation was noticed between age, duration, clinical severity and outcome of patient. The clinical severity was also found to be associated with age, duration of symptoms and outcome of patient
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Wicks, Ian. "Naked mole rat (HETEROCEPHALUS GLABER)." BioScience 70, no. 9 (September 2020): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biaa078.
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Abstract Enriching BioScience's role as a Forum for Integrating the Life Sciences, Arts in Science provides an occasional venue for poems, visual art, and other forms of artistic expression that explore and enliven our understanding of life. Through the contributions in this section, we hope to share with our readers the passion for nature that science inspires. This contribution is from Ian Wicks, Head of the Inflammation Division at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research and Professor/Director of the Rheumatology Unit at the Royal Melbourne Hospital and University of Melbourne.
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Ray, Leslie A., Gene A. Wetzstein, Si-Tien Wang, Amy Guo, Caroline Korves, Bentley Clinton, Robert Wei, and Mei S. Duh. "Monitoring and Treatment of Transfusional Iron Overload: Findings from an Electronic Medical Records Review Study at the Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute." Blood 116, no. 21 (November 19, 2010): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.1503.1503.
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Abstract Abstract 1503 Purpose: Patients with red blood cell (RBC) transfusion-dependent conditions are at risk of developing transfusional iron overload (TIO) which can cause organ damage. Iron chelation therapy (ICT) with either oral deferasirox or subcutaneous deferoxamine prevents and limits organ damage in patients with TIO; however, TIO monitoring and ICT utilization in real-world clinical practices are not well characterized. Methods: The medical records of adult patients (>18 years) receiving ≥10 RBC units ≥6 months prior to data abstraction were identified from the Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, a comprehensive cancer care center. Data abstraction occurred between 12/2009 and 6/2010. Patients’ observation period spanned from the tenth RBC unit to end of study follow-up (i.e., death, clinic departure or end of observation period). Patients participating in an ICT clinical trial 6 months prior to their tenth RBC unit were excluded. TIO monitoring was defined as receipt of ≥1 serum ferritin test after the tenth RBC unit. ICT-eligibility was defined as ≥2 serum ferritin tests ≥1,000 μg/L or ≥20 RBC units transfused. ICT treatment was defined as ≥1 prescription for deferasirox or ≥1 administration of deferoxamine. Primary study endpoints were the proportion of patients monitored for TIO after ten, twenty, and thirty RBC units and the proportion of ICT-eligible patients who received ICT. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression methods were used to compare overall survival between TIO-monitored and unmonitored patients, as well as ICT-treated and untreated patients. Results: Medical records data for 163 patients receiving ≥10 RBC units were extracted, among which 58.3% and 30.1% went on to receive ≥20 and ≥30 RBC units, respectively. The average observation period was 6.9 (±5.9) months. Average age at transfusion of the tenth RBC unit was 57.8 (±14.1) years and 36.8% were female. Most patients (50.3%) had leukemia as their underlying disease necessitating RBC transfusion, followed by myelodysplastic syndrome (20.2%) and lymphoma (16.6%). Approximately 44.8% of patients receiving ≥10 RBC units, 53.7% of patients receiving ≥20 RBC units, and 67.3% of patients receiving ≥30 RBC units were monitored for TIO. Average serum ferritin levels were 2,714 (±1,970) μg/L (between 10–20 RBC units), 4,156 (±4,932) μg/L (between 20–30 RBC units) and 3,872 (±2,305) μg/L (>30 RBC units), respectively. Compared to those unmonitored for TIO, patients monitored for TIO after 10 RBC units had significantly longer median survival (16.13 vs. 2.30 months; log-rank p-value<0.001). This survival benefit of TIO monitoring was maintained after controlling for age, gender, underlying disease, and total units of RBCs transfused (hazard ratio for TIO-monitored=0.271; p-value<0.001). Among 99 ICT-eligible patients, 56% were monitored for TIO and 9% received ICT. ICT-treated patients had longer median survival than untreated patients (9.48 vs. 7.16 months), although this difference was not significant (log-rank p-value=0.593) likely due to small sample size of treated patients. Results remained the same after adjusting for age, gender, underlying disease, and total units of RBCs transfused. Among the 9 ICT-treated patients, 8 (88.9%) received deferasirox and 1 (11.1%) received deferoxamine. At ICT initiation, patients had received an average of 20.5 (±9.2) RBC transfusions [46.0 (±19.5) RBC units] and the average serum ferritin level was 3,834 (±2,677) μg/L. Conclusions: TIO monitoring after 10 RBC units and ICT treatment among ICT-eligible patients may be associated with survival benefits. However, the significance of slightly longer survival associated with ICT treatment could not be assessed due to a small sample size of treated patients. Indeed, only 9% of ICT-eligible patients received ICT, suggesting that TIO may not be sufficiently managed in real-world clinical practice. Even when patients were treated, ICT-initiation occurred at a higher average serum ferritin level than recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (i.e., >2,500 μg/L). Greater awareness about the risks of TIO is necessary to improve clinical outcomes among transfusion-dependent patients. Finally, since 50% of patients had leukemia as their underlying disease, further research is warranted on the significance and clinical impact of TIO monitoring and treatment specifically among these patients. Disclosures: Ray: Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Research Funding. Wetzstein:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Research Funding. Wang:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding. Guo:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Employment, Equity Ownership. Korves:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding. Clinton:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding. Wei:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding. Duh:Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation: Consultancy, Research Funding.
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Padovani, Stephania. "Patricia Wright [Universidade de Cardiff – País de Gales /Reino Unido]." InfoDesign - Revista Brasileira de Design da Informação 2, no. 1 (September 15, 2010): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.51358/id.v2i1.19.
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Cientista do comportamento com PhD em Psicologia pela University College London [1966], com interesse na contribuio do design da informao na comunicao com o pblico em geral, quer em organizaes pblicas ou comerciais. At 1968 trabalhou na Medical Research Council's Applied Psychology Unit em Cambridge, quando passou a ser coordenadora da School of Psychology na Universidade de Cardiff, onde a maior parte de suas pesquisas est voltada para informao na rea de sade e para documentos multimdia. Possui diversas publicaes, sendo membro de vrias revistas cientficas e de sociedades como: The British Psychological Society, The Institute of Scientific and Technical Communicators (GB) e membro honorrio da Society for Technical Communication (EUA) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Design da Informao. Em 2005 recebeu o prmio Goldsmith Award for Distinguished Contributions to Engineering Communication pelo Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). [ Download ]
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Карась, Дмитрий, Dmitriy Karas', Яна Данильченко, Yana Danil'chenko, Дмитрий Крючков, Dmitriy Kruchkov, Галина Артамонова, and Galina Artamonova. "Demands of Scientific Medical Institution Management Personnel as a Way to Improve Activity Management." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2018, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2018-1-26-32.
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To improve the management systems of modern healthcare institutions, it is important to use the best methods and tools. The practice of quality management standards application indicates that they have to be adapted to the conditions of a particular organization. It should be based on actual involvement of staff in the improvement process. Moreover, demands and complaints of the personnel should be taken into consideration. First of all, one should define the difficulties which prevent the effective management and the methods of their elimination. Second, one should involve the staff in the reformation process. The study investigates ideas and demands expressed by the scientific medical institution management about work improvement. The main research method was an opinion poll based on an original questionnaire. The research subject was the management system of the Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases of the Federal Agency for Scientific Organizations of Russia; the unit of observation was managers of the institution; the research scope involved 41 people working for research. The opinion survey was performed twice: when the improvements were planned (2010) and after the implementation of quality management system project based on the requirements of ISO 9001 standard (2015). The first survey (2010) revealed difficulties in the staff performance. They were grouped into five quality blocks. Each block included improvement measures. The obtained information became the basis for the design of the process model of quality management system. The second survey (2015) showed a change in the structure of difficulties and a weakening of their priority. The study of the demands made by the management personnel of the Research Institute provided an important information about the character of the necessary changes and revealed the drawbacks in the work. The research allowed the management to avoid the gap between the needs of the staff and the ongoing transformations. The authors believe that the ISO 9001 standard may be used as a methodological basis for systematization of the problems in management and their negotiation.
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Kheiri, Babikir, Ahmed Abdalla, Mohamed Osman, Tarek Haykal, Sai Chintalapati, James Cranford, Sahar Ahmed, Mustafa Hassan, Ghassan Bachuwa, and Deepak L. Bhatt. "Restrictive Versus Liberal Red Blood Cell Transfusion for Cardiac Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (November 29, 2018): 3821. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-111993.
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Abstract Introduction:Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are among the most common recipients of allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. However, whether restrictive RBC transfusion strategies for cardiac surgery achieve a similar clinical outcome in comparison with liberal strategies remains unclear. Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Collaboration Central Register of Controlled Trials, and conference proceedings from inception to December 2017 for all randomized trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes were stroke, respiratory morbidity, renal morbidity, infections, myocardial infarction (MI), cardiac arrhythmia, gut morbidity, reoperation, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (hours), and hospital length of stay (days). We calculated the risk ratios (RR) and weighted mean difference (MD) for the clinical outcomes using a random-effects model. Results:We included 9 RCTs with a total of 9,005 patients. There was no significant difference in mortality between groups (RR 1.03; 95% CI 0.74-1.45; P=0.86). In addition, there were no significant differences between groups in the clinical outcomes of infections (RR 1.09; 95% CI 0.94-1.26; P=0.26), stroke (RR 0.98; 95% CI 0.72-1.35; P=0.91), respiratory morbidity (RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.89-1.24; P=0.58), renal morbidity (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.94-1.09; P=0.68), myocardial infarction (RR 1.00; 95% CI 0.80-1.24; P=0.99), cardiac arrhythmia (RR 1.05; 95% CI 0.88-1.26; P=0.56), gastrointestinal morbidity (RR 1.93; 95% CI 0.81-4.63; P=0.14), or reoperation (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.67-1.20; P=0.46). There was a significant difference in the intensive care unit length of stay (hours) (MD 4.29; 95% CI: 2.19-6.39, P<0.01) favoring the liberal group. However, there was no significant difference in the hospital length of stay (days) (MD 0.15; 95% CI -0.18-0.48; P=0.38). Conclusion:This meta-analysis showed that restrictive strategies for RBC transfusion are as safe as liberal strategies in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Key points: Restrictive strategies for red blood cell transfusion are as safe as liberal approaches in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Longer duration of stay in the intensive care unit is more common in patients managed with a restrictive transfusion approach. However, the overall hospital length of stay appeared to be similar between both groups. Further studies are needed to ascertain threshold triggers for RBC transfusion. Figure. Figure. Disclosures Hassan: abott: Other: grant. Bhatt:American Heart Association Quality Oversight Committee: Other: chair; Boston VA Research Institute, Society of Cardiovascular Patient Care, TobeSof: Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Medscape Cardiology: Consultancy; Regado Biosciences: Consultancy; Elsevier Practice Update Cardiology: Consultancy, trustee; cardax: Consultancy; Abbott, Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chiesi, Eisai, Ethicon, Forest Laboratories, Idorsia, Ironwood, Ischemix, Lilly, Medtronic, PhaseBio, Pfizer, Regeneron, Roche, Sanofi Aventis, Synaptic, The Medicines: Research Funding; Baim Institute for Clinical Research (formerly Harvard Clinical Research Institute, for the PORTICO trial, funded by St. Jude Medical, now Abbott), Cleveland Clinic, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Mayo Clinic, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, Population: Other: Data monitoring committee; American College of Cardiology; Unfunded Research: FlowCo, Merck, PLx Pharma, Takeda.: Other: trustee; ACC Accreditation Committee), Baim Institute for Clinical Research (formerly Harvard Clinical Research Institute; RE-DUAL PCI clinical trial steering committee funded by Boehringer Ingelheim), Belvoir Publications (Editor in Chief, Harvard Heart Letter),: Other: board member; American College of Cardiology (Senior Associate Editor, Clinical Trials and News, ACC.org: Honoraria.
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Mantua, Janna, Grace Overman, Kathleen Huang, Hannah Eldringhood, and Sidhartha Chaudhury. "0229 Concerns about the future linked with poor sleep quality in U.S. Army Soldiers withdrawing from Afghanistan." Sleep 45, Supplement_1 (May 25, 2022): A104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac079.227.
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Abstract Introduction A special operations unit of U.S. Soldiers rotated through Afghanistan from October, 2001 to the U.S. drawdown in 2020-2021. For these Soldiers, the drawdown has led to uncertainties about the future of the unit and their careers. Psychological stress resulting from these uncertainties could lead to sleep disturbances. This study assessed the relationship between attitudes about the Afghanistan drawdown and sleep. Methods A survey was broadly distributed in July-August 2021. To assess attitudes about the drawdown, participants were asked whether they felt changes in their personal readiness had occurred since the drawdown began. They were asked how they believed the unit should support Afghanistan in the future (remain in Afghanistan, support only through airstrikes, or no further support). Lastly, Soldiers were asked whether the drawdown made them more likely to switch to another unit, get out of the Army, or no change. Subjective sleep quality and duration from the month prior was assessed. Due to the abrupt fall of Kabul, the survey was discontinued earlier than planned, resulting in 35 participants. Results Soldiers were 32.80±5.99 years old. They had been in the unit for 8.89±5.71 years and had deployed to Afghanistan 5.14±3.14 times. The average sleep duration was 6.66±0.79 hours, and the average sleep quality was 63.39%±21.63%. There were no relationships between attitudes and sleep duration. However, regression analyses showed those who reported increased stress (B=18.16, p=.01), decreased morale (B=2.97, p=.006), and decreased motivation (B=2.69, p=.01) since the drawdown began had poorer sleep quality. ANOVA tests showed Soldiers who believed the unit should remain in Afghanistan had poorer sleep quality than those endorsing only air support or no involvement (F(2,29)=6.39, p=.005). Further, those who endorsed being more likely to make a career change had poorer sleep quality than those with no changes in career plans (F(2,29)=3.53, p=.04). Conclusion These results indicate that psychological distress resulting from the drawdown may be impacting sleep quality in this unit. Continuous monitoring of sleep quality may prove to be a sensitive indicator of elevated stress at the unit level. Support (If Any) Support for this study came from the Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP) of the United States Army Medical Research and Development Command (USAMRDC). Material has been reviewed by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. There is no objection to its presentation and/or publication. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors, and are not to be construed as official, or as reflecting true views of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense. The investigators have adhered to the policies for protection of human subjects as prescribed in AR 70–25. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
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Sezdi, Mana, and Ersin Ozdemir. "BMED: A WEB BASED APPLICATION TO ANALYZE THE PERFORMANCE OF MEDICAL DEVICES." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 26, no. 03 (March 17, 2014): 1450036. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237214500367.
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In this study, a software application was developed to analyze the performance test results of medical devices. The software (BMED) provides a medical device database and analyses problems with medical devices. The BMED application analysis reports incompatible performance test results in accordance with international safety and inspection standards. The BMED also contains performance test measurement history of all medical devices in the BMED medical device database. The main purpose of this study is to make analysis of the performance control of medical devices faster, easier, mobile and more efficient. The increasing number of medical devices in a hospital is another reason to use applications such as this. The BMED software application was tested using sample data collected during performance test results of a total of 1553 medical devices. The devices were defibrillator, electrocardiography, pulse oximeter, anaesthesia unit, vaporizer, ventilator, electrosurgical unit, physiological monitor, sphygmomanometer, surgical aspirator, phototherapy unit and infant incubator. The performance tests of these medical devices were performed by the biomedical personnel in accordance with the inspection and preventive maintenance system (IPM) procedures, which were developed by the emergency care research institute (ECRI institute) and their results were also interpreted in accordance with the same procedures. The results of application testing showed that the BMED is a very successful application used to analyze performance test results of medical devices. Its usage is very easy, fast and comfortable. The main advantage of BMED is that it can be accessed with mobile devices from anywhere. This feature increases the performance and efficiency of biomedical staff. Additionally, this study showed that the BMED application provides consistent data for medical device problems. Spare part stock management and preventive maintenance activities decreased the repair costs and minimized the number of fault device conditions within the BMED application. All the analysis results also affected the selection and purchasing decisions of medical devices and their technologies. In short, the BMED served a manageable solution to combine all distributed data from a large number of medical devices located in different departments of a hospital — the location of the device, the biomedical number, the device name, the manufacturer, the serial number, the interpretation of the performance test results and the analysis results — into one platform. Thus, the management of medical device inventory was made easier. The future study will be the evaluation of the analysis for other medical devices. It is expected that usage of the tool will increase and it will be a very useful application for biomedical personnel.
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Rahman, Shamima, Soofia Khatoon, Mossammat Nigar Sultana, Farhana Noman, and Sayed Golam Samdani. "Current status of faculty development in under graduate medical education of Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education 8, no. 2 (July 26, 2017): 2–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjme.v8i2.33329.
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This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out to determine the current status of faculty development in undergraduate medical education of Bangladesh. This study was carried out in eight (four Government and four Non- Government) medical colleges in Bangladesh over a period from July 2015 to June 2016. The present study had a semi-structured self-administered questionnaire for individual teacher. Total 181 teachers responded to the questionnaire. 56% of teachers said that faculty development activities were regularly conducted. About duration of faculty development activity 74% of teachers said it was 1-3 days duration. 42% of the teachers said faculty development activity conducted once in a week and 39% said occasional conduction of faculty development activity in their institute About the type of faculty development activity clinical meeting was commonest (65%), related to medical education (48%) and related to research (53%). About the topics of medical education related activities were teaching methodology (46%), assessment (32%). Research related activities were journal club (91%) and research methodology (67%). Faculty development activity was conducted through teachers association (53%) and medical education unit (50%). In conclusion some parts of FD activity are present in most of the colleges like clinical meeting, few medical education related session, and research related activity. For upgrading of medical education faculty development programme should be conducted regularly, monitoring of present programme and development of qualified resource person should be ensured.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 2-6
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Ushakov, I. B., and V. P. Fedorov. "Radiation Risks of Helicopter Personnel Responding to the Chernobyl Accident: Early and Long-Term Health Disorders." Disaster Medicine, no. 3 (September 2021): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33266/2070-1004-2021-3-52-57.
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The objectives of the study were to analyze the radiation doses received by helicopter crew members during the work above the emergency unit and the effectiveness of some radioprotective means; to determine the most radiosensitive systems of the body, their condition in the early and distant terms after the accident and the causes of disqualification of flight personnel. Materials and research methods. The first stage of the work was performed directly in the zone of helicopter aviation flight over the Chernobyl NPP emergency power unit. We determined radiation doses received by flight personnel, their dependence on the type of helicopter and pilot's workplace. Also we evaluated the dependence of exposure dose on the radio-protective means used and the primary reaction of pilots to radiation exposure. The second stage of the work was performed on the basis of the Central Research Aviation Hospital and the State Research Test Institute of Military Medicine of the Russian Ministry of Defense. At this stage the results of laboratory, clinical and psychological examination of the pilots who performed the tasks of liquidation of the Chernobyl accident effects in 1986 - 1987 and received regulated radiation doses were assessed. The corresponding medical documents (expert decisions of medical and aviation committees, results of medical follow-up) were studied for the period from 1986 till 2000, i.e. till the time when almost all helicopter liquidators were disqualified for health reasons or discharged due to senior service. Results of the study and their analysis. The radiation doses received by the helicopter crew members during the execution of the assigned tasks over the emergency unit and the efficiency of some radio-protective means were analyzed. The most radiosensitive body systems, their condition in the early and distant terms after the accident and the diseases leading to the disqualification of flight personnel were determined.
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Le, Aline, Le Kang, Andrew Noda, Emily Godbout, John Daniel Markley, Kimberly Lee, Amy Pakyz, et al. "Effect of Meropenem Restriction on Time Between Order and Administration in a Medical Intensive Care Unit." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 41, S1 (October 2020): s470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2020.1145.
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Background: In this study, we assessed whether meropenem restriction led to delays in administration for patients in a medical intensive care unit (MICU) at a large tertiary-care urban teaching hospital. Methods: The antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) at Virginia Commonwealth University Health System (VCUHS) requires approval for restricted antimicrobial orders placed between 8 a.m. and 9 p.m. Between 8 a.m. and 5 p.m. (daytime), authorized approvers include ASP and infectious diseases (ID) physicians. From 5 p.m. to 9 p.m. (evening) orders are approved by ID fellows. Orders were entered as Stat, Now, and Routine. Between 9 p.m. and 8 a.m. (night), patients receive doses without approval. Meropenem restriction began in mid-January 2018. Pre- and postmeropenem restriction periods were defined as February–December 2017 and February–December 2018. Meropenem use data were compared for adult patients in the MICU. A multivariable Cox regression model was implemented to compare (1) time from order entry to approval; (2) time from order approval to patient administration; (3) total time from order entry to patient administration, adjusting for order priority, approver (ASP, ID consult, ID fellow, pharmacy); and (4) time of day of order placement (day, eve, night). The analyses were performed using SAS version 9.4 software (SAS Institute, Cary, NC). Result: Time from order approval to patient administration was significantly decreased in the postrestriction period (HR, 1.840; P < .001) (Table 1). Stat orders were faster compared to routine orders for order entry to approval (HR, 1.735; P < .001), approval to administration (HR, 2.610; P < .001), and total time from order entry to administration (HR, 2.812; P < .001). No significant differences were found in time to approval by approving service. Time from order entry to approval was faster for nighttime orders than for daytime orders (HR, 1.399; P = .037). Conclusions: Our data indicate that the time from order entry to administration decreased following meropenem restriction in our MICU. More research is needed to identify the reason for this finding, but we postulate that this is due to an effect on drug administration prioritization within nursing workflow. These data will inform our local meropenem restriction efforts.Funding: NoneDisclosures: Michelle Doll reports a research grant from Molnlycke Healthcare.
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Barahona, Ana. "Women and the Workplace. Collaborative Networks of Women Geneticists in Mexico in the 1960s and early 1970s." Perspectives on Science 28, no. 2 (April 2020): 201–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/posc_a_00338.
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This paper will address the collaborative networks and the gendered organization of the scientific work at the first Unit on Human Genetics of the Mexican Institute for Social Security. There, women and men had different tasks, duties and authority according to their gender and individual and professional skills. I will focus on physician Susana Kofman, who specialized in cytogenetics with Jérôme Lejeune and Jean de Grouchy in France, and physician Leonor Buentello, who graduated in virus genetics in Germany. This narrative intends to return them to the forefront of the history of cytogenetics and to illustrate the contribution of women to scientific developments when research on human genetics was becoming a medical domain for diagnosis at an international level.
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Wijegunasekara, Himali. "Coordination of Nutrition related Units in Sri Lanka." Journal of Medical Research 6, no. 6 (December 30, 2020): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jmr.2020.6603.
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All people have a right to good nutrition. However in Sri Lanka, still anemia, underweight and stunting prevail with regional disparities. There are many determinants for poor nutrition and which leads to many adverse outcomes. As these determinants are multifaceted it requires several different sectors to work collaboratively, complement their activities and share resources to improve the nutritional status of the country. In this article; the initiatives such as development of the National Nutrition policy and Strategic frame work; establishment of Presidential Secretariat, Nutrition Secretariat, Nutrition Steering Committee and Nutrition Coordination Division; the contribution of different divisions of the Ministry of Health such as Nutrition Division, Family Health Bureau, Health Education Bureau, Epidemiology Unit, Food Safety unit, Environment and Occupational Health unit, Non Communicable Disease Unit, Youth, Elderly and Disabled unit, Estate and Urban Health Unit, Medical Research Institute, Medical Statistics Unit; Hospital Nutrition Units, food supplement programmes; the assistance of United Nations agencies, Professional Associations, other Ministries of the government and Non-Governmental Organizations; the importance of National Nutrition Surveillance system and the coordination by the Nutrition Coordination Division are described. Author’s feelings regarding the coordination between nutrition related units in the country were expressed. Subsequently, favorable aspects and deficiencies were evaluated and the possible underlying factors and consequences were analyzed. In conclusion, it can be said that a strong coordinating body for inter - sectoral coordination, information feedback, data sharing and analysis; assessment of current level of multi sectoral coordination and multi sectoral interventions; development of provincial specific strategies and micro plans at house hold level; strengthening of community based organizations, village committees and volunteers; proper streamlining of multiple information systems in the country in order to monitor & evaluate the operations to avoid duplications and negligence; are required. Accordingly, recommendations were provided to address the issue.
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Polyakova, A. G., A. V. Novikov, and T. V. Buylova. "History of formation and development of traumatological and orthopedic patients rehabilitation in Nizhny Novgorod region." Bulletin of Restorative Medicine 96, no. 2 (April 24, 2020): 79–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2020-96-2-79-83.
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Medical rehabilitation in our country is under reformation currently and new rehabilitation system model is being created. In this regard, it is particularly important to study path of our predecessors and pioneers of this scientific direction. The article analyzes the experience of organization and establishment of industrial rehabilitation system for patients and disabled persons, created on the basis of Nizhny Novgorod research Institute of traumatology and orthopedics and medical-sanitary unit of Gorky automobile factory in the 70-s of the previous century. The article focused on both medical and socio-economic efficiency issues of the established system, which has been a school of excellence in Russian Federation for many years. Knowledge of this experience could be of great value for current specialists, because, as our compatriot A.M. Gorky said, "Without knowing the past, it is impossible to understand the true meaning of the present and the goals of the future."
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Kaprin, A. D., Yu S. Mardinskiy, V. P. Smirnov, S. A. Ivanov, A. A. Kostin, S. A. Polikhov, I. V. Reshetov, et al. "The history of radiation therapy (part I)." Biomedical Photonics 8, no. 1 (March 31, 2019): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24931/2413-9432-2019-8-1-52-62.
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In 1903, on the basis of Morozov Institute of the Moscow Imperial University (currently, P. Herzen Moscow Oncology Research Center, a branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation), the first specialized unit in Russia was opened – department of radiation therapy of oncological diseases, in which scientific research in the field of medical radiology was officially launched in our country for the first time. The first studies in the field of radiation therapy can be attributed to this period.The article presents a brief summary of the historical development of radiotherapy in the world and in Russia; provides information on the achievements of global importance, fundamental for this scientific field. The activities of leading Russian organizations in the field of radiation therapy are reviewed; names of scientists, doctors and other specialists who have made a significant contribution to its development are provided. The main literature sources relevant to the field are given.The data in this article may be of interest and be useful for biomedical scientists, practicing radiologists and radiotherapists, oncologists, medical and graduate students, interns and other specialists.
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Kreye, Gudrun, Manuela Wasl, Andrea Dietz, Daniela Klaffel, Andrea Groselji-Strele, Katharina Eberhard, and Anna Glechner. "Aromatherapy in Palliative Care: A Single-Institute Retrospective Analysis Evaluating the Effect of Lemon Oil Pads against Nausea and Vomiting in Advanced Cancer Patients." Cancers 14, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14092131.
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Aromatherapy is regularly used in the University Hospital Krems’s palliative care unit. In a retrospective analysis, we investigated whether there were improvements in nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancers over a time span of 24 months. Data collection used the medical records of patients who were institutionally approved to receive routine aroma applications for alleviating nausea and vomiting. The efficacy of using lemon oil pads was tested with one-dimensional chi-squared tests. Sixty-six patients received 222 applications of lemon oil on cotton pads; no data were available for 17 applications. The adequate relief of nausea and vomiting was reported for 149 (73%) applications, whereas no symptom control was seen for 56 (27%) applications. For the 56 applications without symptom control, first- and second-line rescue medications were successful in 53 and 3 cases, respectively. The use of aromatherapy with lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting was feasible for 73% of all applications. All patients who did not benefit from aromatherapy had effective symptom control with a rescue medication. Large randomized prospective trials are necessary to evaluate the benefit of the use of lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer.
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Kreye, Gudrun, Manuela Wasl, Andrea Dietz, Daniela Klaffel, Andrea Groselji-Strele, Katharina Eberhard, and Anna Glechner. "Aromatherapy in Palliative Care: A Single-Institute Retrospective Analysis Evaluating the Effect of Lemon Oil Pads against Nausea and Vomiting in Advanced Cancer Patients." Cancers 14, no. 9 (April 24, 2022): 2131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14092131.
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Aromatherapy is regularly used in the University Hospital Krems’s palliative care unit. In a retrospective analysis, we investigated whether there were improvements in nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancers over a time span of 24 months. Data collection used the medical records of patients who were institutionally approved to receive routine aroma applications for alleviating nausea and vomiting. The efficacy of using lemon oil pads was tested with one-dimensional chi-squared tests. Sixty-six patients received 222 applications of lemon oil on cotton pads; no data were available for 17 applications. The adequate relief of nausea and vomiting was reported for 149 (73%) applications, whereas no symptom control was seen for 56 (27%) applications. For the 56 applications without symptom control, first- and second-line rescue medications were successful in 53 and 3 cases, respectively. The use of aromatherapy with lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting was feasible for 73% of all applications. All patients who did not benefit from aromatherapy had effective symptom control with a rescue medication. Large randomized prospective trials are necessary to evaluate the benefit of the use of lemon oil pads against nausea and vomiting in patients with advanced cancer.
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Hall, John. "The Emergence of Clinical Psychology in Britain from 1943 to 1958 Part II: Practice and Research Traditions." History & Philosophy of Psychology 9, no. 2 (2007): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpshpp.2007.9.2.1.
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This paper considers the range of practice and research traditions in clinical psychology that developed in Britain from 1943 to around 1958, and the contexts in which they arose. The earliest and for many years the largest identifiable tradition was that of mental hygiene and child guidance, influenced by the educational background of many psychologists. Three different groups worked at the Institute of Psychiatry in London, representing the influence of Hans Eysenck, Monte Shapiro, and those working at the Medical Research Council Social Psychiatry Unit. A number of the principal investigators at the last Unit (Jack Tizard and Neil O’Connor) worked in the learning disability and autism fields, and so collaborated with the Clarkes at Epsom and Herbert Giinzburg in Birmingham. The two other adult mental health traditions, of the Crichton Royal at Dumfries, and the Tavistock Clinic in London, illustrate very different approaches to both training and practice in this field. The neuropsychology field, led by Oliver Zangwill from Cambridge, was the only other client-group speciality identifiable at that time. Many psychologists worked away from these centres, and the story of this period is of slow development away from London, with more diverse research activity than is often assumed. The influence of key protagonists is discussed, including the role of different groups of doctors in promoting clinical psychology. Opportunities for further and more critical research in this field are outlined.
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González, Luis Roberto Vega, and Crescencio García Segundo. "Building Productive Collaborations: Creation of A Technological Research and Development Unit (UIDT) of the ICAT in the General Hospital of Mexico." Business and Management Studies 5, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/bms.v5i1.4177.
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Nearly seven years after the signing of the Collaboration Agreement for the establishment of a Research and Technological Development Unit (UIDT, from Spanish) of the Applied Sciences and Technology Institute (ICAT, from Spanish), previously Applied Sciences and Technological Development Center (ICAT, from Spanish) of the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM, from Spanish) within the General Hospital of Mexico “Eduardo Liceaga” (HGMEL, from Spanish), in this article we propose that there have been diverse human and organizational factors that allowed a smooth and nice birth of the institution and it seems there are good medium term consolidation perspectives. In a first exploration the UIDT has favored the processes of interchange of information and interdisciplinary communication between physicians and specialists of the health sector with the UNAM’s physicists and engineers to reach agreements for the development of R&D trans-disciplinary projects with high social impact potential. Through the results that are observed up to now, we note that the joint work between the parties has led to the development of different projects whose protocols have been approved by the corresponding medical, ethical and academic committees. Besides the conventional academic results there are emerging some specific technological results in the fields of medical devices, computer programs and a pair of technological transfers very promising in terms of the wide number of patients that will use them, as the cranial prostheses case or a hepatic pre-diagnostics auxiliary software method. This paper reviews various relevant organizational aspects resulting from the establishment of the UIDT and the lessons learned during the process.
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Jones, Thomas Robert Edward, and Kim Nurse. "Electronic prescribing: introducing a stat optional dose to improve time to antibiotic on the acute medical unit." BMJ Open Quality 7, no. 4 (December 2018): e000292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2017-000292.
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Darlington Memorial Hospital is a district general hospital in the North East of England. The acute medical unit (AMU) takes referrals from the emergency department and also direct from general practitioners (GPs) in the region. Research shows that early recognition and management of sepsis is key to improving outcomes and significantly decreases mortality. Having observed several cases of delayed sepsis management in patients referred from their GP, we aimed to improve time to antibiotic therapy in patients identified as having sepsis as per the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence 2016 NG51 sepsis guidelines. We analysed the time from admission to antibiotic administrations for patients referred to AMU via their GP with suspected sepsis. We found there was a significant delay between antibiotic prescribing and administration. Baseline data showed that only 36% of patients received a stat dose of antibiotic on admission. Results showed that those patients with a stat dose prescribed had a median time of 36 min from prescription to antibiotic compared with 98 min for those without. We introduced a stat antibiotic option with all antibiotic prescriptions on the electronic prescribing system, encouraging prescribers to administer a stat dose. Through focusing on antibiotic prescribing systems and practices over two PDSA cycles, we were able to improve the time from prescription to administration of antibiotics for patients with sepsis. We reduced the delay in antibiotic administration in patients with sepsis from 49 to 34 min, an improvement of 31% (15/49). The percentage of patients receiving a stat dose of antibiotics increased from 36% to 63%. While we acknowledge that there remains room for improvement with regards to antibiotic prescribing and sepsis management, we have made sustainable interventions with important improvements. E-prescribing systems must be evaluated and modified accordingly on a regular basis to ensure that they positively contribute to quality patient care and clinical practice.
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Filipović, Aleksandra, and Janko Janković. "Assessing different determinants influencing the death outcome resulting from acute coronary syndrome in patients treated in the coronary unit of the general hospital in Valjevo, and their differences." Srpski medicinski casopis Lekarske komore 3, no. 4 (2022): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/smclk3-40807.
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Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most countries of the world and are responsible for the death of 17.9 million people per year and for 11.8% of total DALYs. In Serbia, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is the main cause of death among ischemic heart diseases, with a share of 49.9%. Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the association of various determinants (demographic, anthropometric, biological markers, risk factors, presence of comorbidities, and the pharmacotherapeutic approach) with the death outcome resulting from ACS patients treated at the Coronary Unit, as well as their differences. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study included 384 adults with ACS, who were patients of the Cardiology Department with the Coronary Unit of the General Hospital in Valjevo, in 2020. The so-called Coronary Sheet was used as a research instrument. It was created, based on national needs, by the Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr. Milan Jovanović Batut", the Institute of Epidemiology, and the Cardiology Society of Serbia. This sheet is in the form of a questionnaire filled out by doctors working at the Coronary Unit, which is then submitted to the Institute of Public Health Valjevo. All respondents gave informed consent for anonymous participation in the research. The obtained data were analyzed using the methods of descriptive and analytical statistics, as well as the methods of univariate and multivariate linear regression. Results: The total sample consisted of 288 (75%) men and 96 (25%) women. The average age of patients who died of ACS was 72.9 ± 9.8 years, while the average age of patients who did not die of ACS was 65.0 ± 12.0 years. The difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Statistically significantly more patients who had lower values of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, when admitted to hospital, died than those who had somewhat higher values of systolic and diastolic pressure at admission (p < 0.001). The mortality rate was lower for patients with ACS who were prescribed acetylsalicylic acid (p < 0.001), beta blockers (p = 0.003), ACE inhibitors (p < 0.001), and statins (p < 0.001) during hospitalization, while all patients whose therapy included inotropes as one of the drugs died (p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our research indicates the existence of a link between the examined determinants and the death outcome in patients suffering from ACS. It is necessary to improve the quality of data, maintain relevant and timely medical documentation and records, and continuously improve prevention programs, with the aim of reducing risk factors for the occurrence of ACS.
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Crisan, Cristina, Calin Ioan Cainap, Andrada Larisa Deac, Andrei Dan Havasi, Ovidiu Balacescu, Loredana Balacescu, Ovidiu Vasile Bochis, Ioan-Cătălin Vlad, and Simona Sorana Cainap. "Decrease of oncological patients’ hospital visits during Covid-19 pandemic: The experience of a tertiary Romanian center." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e13607-e13607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e13607.
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e13607 Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic has changed the provision of medical services worldwide. Oncological patients continued receiving specialty treatments. We assess the impact of the pandemic on the oncological patients' visits to a tertiary cancer center. Methods: We analyzed registrations from the administrative data system of in and outpatients in all departments of the Cluj-Napoca Oncology Institute, during March-October 2020, compared to the same 7-month period of the previous year. Results: The decrease during March-October 2020 was of 40.2% for new referrals overall (with the most significant drop in April, of 80%), of 52.5% for medical oncology inpatients, 39% for pediatric oncology department inpatients, 69% for radiotherapy inpatients, 34.9% for surgical interventions and 31% decrease of issued pathology reports. The decrease was less important for outpatients: only 10% for medical oncology outpatient department, 33% for radiotherapy, and 27% for breast cancer unit outpatients. Imaging investigations were only slightly influenced by the pandemic (reduction of 5% for MRI scans, 19% for mammograms, whereas performed CT scans were even more after the outbreak of COVID-19). Conclusions: Our results show a decrease in the number of patients during the period after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, more for inpatients and less significant for outpatient departments, probably because of the internal circuits reorganization but also because of healthcare measures taken nationally and locally to limit the spread of the pandemic. Keywords: COVID-19, pandemic, oncology referrals, disruption.
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Editorial Team. "Workshop: Introduction to Systematic Reviewing." Evidence Based Library and Information Practice 2, no. 4 (December 7, 2007): 112–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18438/b87g95.
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Aims
How can we translate evidence for policy and practice? This workshop will introduce the principles, methods and critiques of systematic reviews.
On completion participants will:
have a basic understanding of the purposes of systematic research synthesis and its relevance to evidence-informed policy and practice;
have discussed a variety of systematic review models;
have received a general overview of the standard stages of a systematic review.
Target audience
This workshop will be of interest to policy makers, practitioners and researchers with an interest in conducting or using systematic reviews. It is designed for people with no, or almost no, prior knowledge of synthesis research.
Date and Venue
9.30 – 5.30pm Wednesday, March 12, 2008
ESRC Regional Training Centre, Queen's University, 69/71 University Street, Belfast, BT7 1HL
Booking
To book a place on the workshop download the booking form http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Portals/0/Forms/Booking%20form%20Belfast%20120308.pdf and fax the completed form back to (020 7612 6400). Alternatively, e-mail p.rose@ioe.ac.uk to have a booking form sent out to you. Please let us know if you would like the booking form in another format.
Accessibility
If you have a disability, sensory impairment, medical condition, specific learning difficulty, or mental health problem requiring extra support during the workshop, it is essential that you contact us as soon as possible so we will be able to arrange this support in good time.
Further information can be obtained from:
Philip James Rose
Social Science Research Unit
Institute of Education, University of London
18 Woburn Square
London
WC1H 0NR
E-mail: p.rose@ioe.ac.uk
Tel: 0207 612 6391
or
EPPI-Centre, Social Science Research Unit, Institute of Education, University of London
http://eppi.ioe.ac.uk/cms/Default.aspx?tabid=830
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Abdul Majid, Marina. "DISEASE BEARING INSECT RESEARCH IN MALAYA BY JAPANESE SCIENTISTS DURING WORLD WAR II AND ITS POSITION IN INTERNATIONAL LAW." International Journal of Law, Government and Communication 6, no. 26 (December 1, 2021): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35631/ijlgc.626007.
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Japanese scientists commissioned by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) were tasked at the Nettai Igaku Kenkyusho or Institute of Medical Research (IMR) in Kuala Lumpur and other locations in Malaya during World War II (WWII) to identify cures for malaria, dengue, and scrub typhus rampant among Japanese troops in Southeast Asia. Such research on insects could contribute to biological warfare. This study identifies the background and destiny of these few Japanese scientists in Malaya conducting research on malaria, dengue and scrub typhus while evaluating if their research could have been an offense under international law at that point of time. A qualitative historical approach relying on documentation, soft law, treaties, and secondary resources obtained from archives and national libraries online from different countries and the Fold3-Historical Military Records website were referred. These documentations were classified according to names of Japanese scientists to form a short biography and to provide background information of the IMR during WWII. The results reveal some Japanese scientists responsible for malaria research at the IMR in Kuala Lumpur and Penang, and dengue research in Malaya, Singapore and Java. Human experimentation associated with dengue was suspected in Singapore. One IMR Japanese director had links with Unit 731. Kiyoshi Hayakawa, part of Unit 9420 in Singapore, Japan’s subunit for its covert biological weapons programme conducted research on scrub typhus in Java and Malaya. These scientists continued as professors in Japan or were promoted to this position much later with one of them opening a medical company. Indeed, a gap existed in international law at the end of the 19th and early 20th century which failed to make experimentation illegal as a preparation stage rather than actual usage in warfare because of the omission to address the development, production and stockpiling of biological weapons.
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Wässle, Heinz. "Brian Blundell Boycott. 10 December 1924 – 22 April 2000." Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society 48 (January 2002): 51–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbm.2002.0004.
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Brian Blundell Boycott was an outstanding zoologist and neurobiologist. His early research (1947–52), at the Anatomy Department of University College London and at the Stazione Zoologica in Naples, Italy, was on learning and memory in cephalopods and the functional architecture of the octopus brain. From 1952 to 1970 he was a teacher of zoology and later neurobiology at University College London (Zoology Department). Brian's research interests changed in the early 1960s, when he began studying the mammalian retina. Over a period of 35 years he produced many seminal papers that laid the foundation for our modern understanding of the cell types and synaptic connections that form the basis of parallel processing in the retina. In 1970 Brian moved to the Medical Research Council (MRC) Biophysics Unit at King's College London, from which he retired as Director at the end of 1989. He continued to be an active researcher at Guy's Hospital Medical School (1990–97) and in the Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London (1997–2000). Brian was a modest and kind person, generous in sharing ideas and material; he liked to interact and cooperate with other people and was very supportive of young scientists.
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Garges, Eric, June Early, Sandra Waggoner, Nazia Rahman, Dana Golden, Brian Agan, and Ann Jerse. "Biomedical Response to Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections in the US Military." Military Medicine 184, Supplement_2 (November 1, 2019): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usy431.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to plague militaries and defense forces. While the historical recognition of the impact of STIs on operations is evident, contemporary surveillance and research activities are limited. As Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other sexually transmitted pathogens become increasingly resistant to antibiotics, the role of the Department of Defense (DoD) in disease surveillance and clinical research is essential to military Force Health Protection. Methods The Infectious Disease Clinical Research Program (IDCRP) of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences partnered with the DoD Global Emerging Infections Surveillance (GEIS) program to monitor the distribution of gonorrhea antimicrobial resistance (AMR) both domestically and abroad. The DoD gonococcal reference laboratory and repository was established in 2011 as a resource for confirmatory testing and advanced characterization of isolates collected from sites across the continental United States (CONUS) and GEIS-funded sites outside the continental United States (OCONUS). The IDCRP is currently implementing surveillance efforts at CONUS military clinics, including Madigan Army Medical Center, Naval Medical Center Camp Lejeune, Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Naval Medical Center San Diego, and San Antonio Military Medical Center (efforts were also previously at Womack Army Medical Center). The reference laboratory and repository receives specimens from OCONUS collaborators, including Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences (AFRIMS; Bangkok, Thailand), Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 (NAMRU-3), Ghana Detachment (Accra, Ghana), Naval Medical Research Unit No. 6 (NAMRU-6; Lima, Peru), U.S. Army Medical Research Unit – Georgia (USAMRD-G; Tbilisi, Republic of Georgia), and U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate – Kenya (USAMRD-K; Nairobi, Kenya). The gonococcal surveillance program, to include findings, as well as associated clinical research efforts are described. Results Among N. gonorrhoeae isolates tested within the United States, 8% were resistant to tetracycline, 2% were resistant to penicillin, and 30% were resistant to ciprofloxacin. To date, only one of the 61 isolates has demonstrated some resistance (MIC=1 μg/ml) to azithromycin. No resistance to cephalosporins has been detected; however, reduced susceptibility (MIC=0.06–0.125 μg/ml) has been observed in 13% of isolates. Resistance is commonly observed in N. gonorrhoeae isolates submitted from OCONUS clinical sites, particularly with respect to tetracycline, penicillin, and ciprofloxacin. While no azithromycin-resistant isolates have been identified from OCONUS sites, reduced susceptibility (MIC=0.125–0.5 μg/ml) to azithromycin was observed in 23% of isolates. Conclusion Continued monitoring of circulating resistance patterns on a global scale is critical for ensuring appropriate treatments are prescribed for service members that may be infected in the U.S. or while deployed. Domestic surveillance for gonococcal AMR within the Military Health System has indicated that resistance patterns, while variable, are not dramatically different from what is seen in U.S. civilian data. Global patterns of gonococcal AMR have been described through the establishment of a central DoD gonococcal reference laboratory and repository. This repository of global isolates provides a platform for further research and development into biomedical countermeasures against gonococcal infections.
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Trice, Mark. "Sounding the alarm: studying the role of signal cascades in the immune response (EDU1P.250)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2014): 49.4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.49.4.
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Abstract The purpose of this research opportunity was to investigate the methods and roles of cell signaling via protein cascades and their connections to the functionality of the immune system. During my summer internship, I worked with investigators at the United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) to develop and test the activity of man-made protease cascades that could someday mirror the complement system in its aggressive response to specific signal molecules. My research experience inspired me to develop a unit for a second year Biology/AP Biology course. Students will examine the effects of several factors, including protease concentration, substrate concentration, and a non-cascade reaction, on reaction rates through construction of both physical models and simulated protease cascades. In this unit, students first work with a hands-on physical manipulative model to familiarize them with how a protein cascade works. Then, all of the students will work in tandem on a kinesthetic activity modeling exactly how protein cascades behave. This activity allows for a cost-effective method of demonstrating protease cascades without expensive lab equipment and reagents. Students translate their knowledge into the application stage when they examine how protease cascades work in the human body and discuss various uses and effects of cascades, such as protein kinases, on the immune system.
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Prisyajnyuk, V., S. Semychayevsky, V. Svirsky, and O. Kornienko. "CONCERNING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN TEST EQUIPMENT FOR THE EVALUATION OF QUALITY INDICATORS OF FIRE-FIGHTING LAYFLAT DELIVERY HOSES FOR FIRE AND RESCUE VEHICLES." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 164 (October 1, 2021): 171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2021-4-164-171-177.
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Pressure fire hoses are one of the main types of fire-fighting equipment, on the serviceable condition of which depends the operational activities of fire and rescue units and successful firefighting. At present, Ukraine has entered into force with (01.08.2021) the national standard, which contains modern European requirements for assessing the quality of flat-hose fire hoses for fire and rescue vehicles. This standard was developed by the Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense in the framework of research work "Fire hoses – test methods" and adopted by order of SE "UkrNDNC" from 23.03.2021 № 107. In order to assist in solving this problem, the Institute of Public Administration and Research in Civil Defense put into operation, tested and verified the installation for testing fire pressure hoses, which will check the quality of pressure flat hose for fire and rescue vehicles in accordance with modern European requirements. The installation is intended for tests of pressure fire hoses carried out on the following quality indicators: working, test and burst pressure; abrasion resistance; resistance to hot objects; resistance to open flame. The unit is operated at air temperature from 10 ° С to 25 ° С and relative humidity from 15% to 90%. The installation is a metal table, which consists of two levels (upper and lower). The main part of the tests is to be performed at the upper level with the help of three removable modules. The lower level provides one stationary module on which tests for working, test and burst pressure are carried out. The upper level of the installation is designed to test pressure fire hoses for the following quality indicators: resistance to surface abrasion, resistance to point abrasion, resistance to hot objects and resistance to open flames. For versatility and convenience of work on installation on the top level of a table the possibility of change of modules depending on their need is provided. The lower level of the installation is intended for carrying out tests of pressure fire hoses on quality indicators – working and test pressure, bursting pressure. At the lower level of the metal table is a rectangular metal box, which has a closing lid. During the tests, the sample of the test sleeve is automatically filled with water, which drains after the test. To fix the samples of fire hoses of different diameters (25, 32, 38, 51, 66, 77, 100, 125 and 150) mm, the installation includes special cones and plates.
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Mishra, Sandhya, Deepak Chopra, and Nidhi Jauhari. "A cross sectional study on the knowledge, attitude and practices of medical and paramedical staff regarding the bio-medical waste management in a tertiary care institute in Lucknow." International Journal of Scientific Reports 6, no. 11 (October 19, 2020): 451. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20204473.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The bio-medical waste products create particularly serious problems for the municipalities and its safe disposal is becoming a serious environmental problem. The concern regarding medical wastes is mainly due to the presence of pathogenic organisms and organic substances in hospital solid wastes in significantly higher concentrations. About one fourth of biomedical waste is considered as hazardous and may affect the health of both medical personnel and general community. Aim and objectives of the research was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice about the biomedical waste management among the staff (medical and paramedical) of a tertiary care medical institute.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The design of the study was observational, descriptive and cross-sectional. It was conducted in a 500 bedded private sector tertiary care medical institute in Lucknow. The study unit consisted of medical and paramedical staff (doctors, staff nurses, and ward boys) and sample size was 241 who consented to be a part of the study. All the study units who had been in the job for atleast 6 months in IIMSR who consented for the study were included; purposive convenience sampling was implemented and study period was from January 2018 to March 2018. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Majority across all the types of study participants were males, married, residing in urban areas and having not undergone any formal training. Our study found that though all the study participants in various groups were having the relevant level of knowledge but attitude and practices were variable.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study showed that knowledge may be higher but attitude and practices are variable and are not related to educational level.</p>