Academic literature on the topic 'Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research'
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Journal articles on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Dey, S., R. Sarkar, P. Ghosh, R. Khatun, K. Ghorai, R. Choudhury, R. Ahmed, P. Gupta, S. Mukhopadhyay, and A. Mukhopadhyay. "Effect of wheat grass juice in supportive care of terminally ill cancer patients— A tertiary cancer centre experience from India." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 8634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.8634.
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8634 Background: The solid content of juice made from wheat grass is 70% chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is often referred to as “The blood of plant life” and has almost the same chemical structure as haemoglobin. Chlorophyll cleanses the blood by improving the supply of oxygen to the circulatory system. Wheat grass is also a complete protein with about 30 enzymes, vitamins & minerals. Wheat grass juice has been proven over many years to benefit people in numerous ways, building the blood, restoring balance in the body, removing toxic metals from the cells, nourishing the liver & kidneys and restoring vitality. The aim of our study was to see the effect of wheat grass juice in terminally ill cancer patients to improve the quality of life. Methods: During period from January 2003 to December 2005 we selected 400 solid organ cancer patients in our palliative care unit of Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Cancer Research Institute to see the effect of wheat grass on improvement of haemoglobin level, serum protein & performance status on terminally ill cancer patients. The age range of the patients was 22 year to 87 year (median age 42 years). The different types of cancers were Lung (25%), Breast (20%), Oesophagaus (11%), Colon (9%), Ovary (8%), Hepatocellular carcinoma (6%), Stomach (6%) and others (15%) respectively. We cultivated wheat grass in our campus. When the grasses were 5 days old we took the fresh leaves including roots and made fresh juice out of that and had given 30ml of juice to all our 400 cancer patients for continuous 6 months. Result: The mean levels of haemoglobin, Serum total protein, albumin and performance status were 8gm%, 5.4gm%, 2.2gm% and 50%. Fifty patients required transfusion support & those patients were excluded from the study. Other 348 patients are evaluated 6 months after giving wheat grass juice. The mean values for haemoglobin, total protein & albumin were improved significantly (pvalue < .005) and were observed mean of 9.6gm%, 7.4gm% and 3.1gm%. White blood cell & platelet count were same in both the cases. The performance status was improved from 50% to 70% (Karnofsky) after wheat grass treatment. Conclusion: We concluded that wheat grass juice is an effective alternative of blood transfusion. Its use in terminally ill cancer patients should be encouraged. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Guo, Hongling, Ying Zhou, Yingxin Li, Zhihui Zhang, and Heng Li. "An Experiment-Based Simplified Method for the Model of Building Groups in CFD Simulation." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8811684.
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Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has been widely used in the simulation and analysis of community or urban wind environments. However, the CFD-based wind simulation of large-scale building groups usually consumes a lot of computing resources with high computing costs. To improve the efficiency of CFD-based wind simulation, this paper presents an experiment-based simplified method for the model of building groups. Two rectangular buildings are adopted as the basic unit and four control parameters (B/L, W/L, H/L, and D/L) are selected as the experiment factors to analyze the geometrical relationship of the two buildings. Note that L, W, and H, respectively, represent the windward edge length, width, and height of a building, B is building interval distance, and D is the distance between two building center axes. Then, a single factor experiment and an orthogonal experiment are designed and performed to determine the reasonable value range of each factor. Based on the experiment results and actual situation, the value ranges of four factors for the simplification of building group models are determined as follows: B/L∈{0, 1.5}, W/L∈{0, 2}, D/L∈{0, 0.25}, and H/L∈{0, 1}. Furthermore, a real case is presented to evaluate the performance of the proposed simplified method. The results indicate that the simplified method is able to improve the efficiency of CFD-based wind simulation of building groups, with the number of buildings decreasing from 620 to 395 (by 36.3%), and the number of tetrahedral grids decreasing from 8,832,199 to 7,766,778 (by 12.1%). Thus, this research contributes to the CFD-based wind simulation method of large-scale building groups and the analysis of the urban wind environment.
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Xie, Junkai, Bo Gao, and Huamin Cheng. "Research and Development of Civil Engineering Intelligent Structure System." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (January 28, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/8814676.
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With the rapid development of global civil engineering construction, the intelligent structural system of civil engineering has evolved into one of the current global frontier disciplines. The research on the intelligent structural system of civil engineering and the current development situation are analyzed, and the main problems are combined. Giving reasonable suggestions is of great significance to the country's vigorous development of civil engineering intelligent structure system. This paper designs a new type of three-dimensional fiber grating sensor, including the design of the matrix model and the design of fiber grating strain gauges. This new sensor can effectively measure three-dimensional space, greatly expanding the application range of fiber grating sensors. In this paper, the design lighting area of each light pipe is taken as a unit. Each unit is set with 4 measuring points at the center and the edge. Each measuring point reads 3 illuminance value parameters and records the average value. Based on the results and comprehensive consideration of the short board situation, the research conclusions and recommendations are put forward. The foundation wall with aerated concrete blocks as the wall material can meet the requirements of 50% energy saving for exterior wall buildings with external decoration and internal insulation mortar. Compared with the benchmark wall of 50% energy saving of external wall buildings, the heat transfer coefficient is reduced by 50.1%, and the actual energy-saving effect of the wall can reach 75%. Meet the requirements of 65% for the energy-saving effect of exterior wall buildings. This paper considers economic parameters, such as the investment cost of building insulation materials, energy-saving income, and investment recovery period, and establishes a calculation model for analyzing the economics of insulation materials. Based on the heat transfer model of the composite wall and the fuel energy combustion equation, greenhouse gas is an established calculation model for CO2 and SO2 emissions. Studies have shown that when considering the room temperature insulation performance of insulation materials, the time required for the side of the concrete slab with glass fiber felt and aerogel insulation materials is about 2022 and 3363 s, respectively, indicating the fire resistance of aerogel insulation materials significantly better than fiberglass.
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Guo, Shengyuan, Wanjiang Wang, and Yihuan Zhou. "Research on Energy Saving and Economy of Old Buildings Based on Parametric Design: A Case Study of a Hospital in Linyi City, Shandong Province." Sustainability 14, no. 24 (December 13, 2022): 16681. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142416681.
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With the need for a green economy and the introduction of low-carbon policies, more and more old buildings are being transformed to improve the thermal performance of buildings and reduce energy consumption. However, people ignore the village buildings and the old public buildings. Based on the investigation of a typical health center in Linyi City, this paper proposed improvement measures using EnergyPlus simulation software and JePlus parameter chemical tools. The various factors analyze the various parts of the enclosure, and the energy-saving effect of the roof is better than that of the exterior wall: When the thickness of the insulation layer gradually increases from 0 cm to 30 cm, the unit energy consumption of the building gradually decreases from 57 kW·h/m2 to 42.8 kW·h/m2, while that of the roof is gradually reduced to 24.41 kW·h/m2. Double exterior windows effectively reduce the energy consumption of the building in all renovation schemes. The optimal scheme is selected through the parameterized design of all the overall enclosure reconstruction schemes and the initial investments. The results showed that the investment recovery of the selected scheme was between 1.36–5.28 years. Plan 5 (12 cm XPS is used as insulation material for the exterior wall and roof, and the exterior window is replaced with 6 mm medium transmittance Low-e + 12 mm air + 6 mm clear) had the highest energy efficiency (91.11%). Plan 2 (6 cm XPS is used as insulation material for the exterior wall and roof, and the exterior window is replaced with 12 mm single medium transmittance heat-reflecting glass) had the shortest investment recovery period (2.04 years).
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Napitupulu, Sally Septania, Gagoek Hardiman, and Rumiati Rosaline Tobing. "Determination of Window Dimensions Using Mathematical and Simulation Methods to Improve Window Performance: A Case Study on the Jatinegara Barat Flats, Jakarta." Buildings 12, no. 11 (November 11, 2022): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111954.
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The construction of flats is one of the steps toward fulfilling the need for housing in Jakarta and other big cities in Indonesia. This study investigated the thermal problems that focus on air movement in residential units of flats due to window dimensions that cannot accommodate the air velocity that surrounds the buildings because of monotonous window dimensions and the high elevation of the residential units. The position of the interest of this research is on the search for window dimensions that allow comfortable air movement in the residential unit. Based on these problems and interest, the pertinent issue is the design of window dimensions within the facades of the buildings according to the actual air velocity and the elevation of the residential units. The selected object of study was the Jatinegara Barat flats, a block of high-rise flats located in the middle of East Jakarta, Indonesia, which is adjacent to the river. We used a quantitative deductive methodology for the problem analysis via mathematical and simulation methods that use the Ansys R1 2020 software. The final results showed that the relationships between window dimensions, air velocity, and the elevation of residential units can be mapped horizontally and vertically by paying attention to the locations of the window openings with respect to the wind direction and building layout. The horizontal and vertical maps showed repetition of the window dimensions every four floors, with the four floors in the center of the building (read vertically) having window dimensions one-quarter smaller than the four floors above and four floors below.
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Kassai, Miklos. "Energy Performance Investigation of a Direct Expansion Ventilation Cooling System with a Heat Wheel." Energies 12, no. 22 (November 8, 2019): 4267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224267.
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Climate change is continuously bringing hotter summers and because of this fact, the use of air-conditioning systems is also extending in European countries. To reduce the energy demand and consumption of these systems, it is particularly significant to identify further technical solutions for direct cooling. In this research work, a field study is carried out on the cooling energy performance of an existing, operating ventilation system placed on the flat roof of a shopping center, located in the city of Eger in Hungary. The running system supplies cooled air to the back office and storage area of a shop and includes an air-to-air rotary heat wheel, a mixing box element, and a direct expansion cooling coil connected to a variable refrigerant volume outdoor unit. The objective of the study was to investigate the thermal behavior of each component separately, in order to make clear scientific conclusions from the point of view of energy consumption. Moreover, the carbon dioxide cross-contamination in the heat wheel was also analyzed, which is the major drawback of this type heat recovery unit. To achieve this, an electricity energy meter was installed in the outdoor unit and temperature, humidity, air velocity, and carbon dioxide sensors were placed in the inlet and outlet section of each element that has an effect on the cooling process. To provide continuous data recording and remote monitoring of air handling parameters and energy consumption of the system, a network monitor interface was developed by building management system-based software. The energy impact of the heat wheel resulted in a 624 kWh energy saving and 25.1% energy saving rate for the electric energy consumption of the outdoor unit during the whole cooling period, compared to the system without heat wheel operation. The scale of CO2 cross-contamination in the heat wheel was evaluated as an average value of 16.4%, considering the whole cooling season.
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Korichi, Sabrin, Bachir Bouchekima, Nabiha Naili, and Messaouda Azzouzi. "Performance analysis of horizontal ground source heat pump for building cooling in arid Saharan climate: thermal-economic modeling and optimization on TRNSYS." Renewable Energy and Environmental Sustainability 6 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/rees/2020008.
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This paper presents a feasibility and performance study of ground source heat pump (GSHP) coupled with horizontal ground heat exchanger (HGHX) used for cooling residential unit equipped with radiant floor system (RFs) under the meteorological conditions of Saharan environment in Ouargla, city located in Southeast Algeria. A dynamic simulation system is developed using TRNSYS software for modeling the performance of the GSHP system. To verify the reliability of GSHP including HGHX system programs, the modeling procedure was validated against experimental data from a horizontal ground source heat pump system (HGSHPs) installed at the Research and Technology Center of Energy (CRTEn), Tunisia, and a good agreement was obtained. Then, to obtain an acceptable balance between system efficiency and total cost of HGSHPs an economic analysis was carried out to determine the optimum design parameters of the HGHX. The simulation results obtained from this study indicated that the HGSHPs could effectively solve cooling problem and reduce traditional energy consumption in the Saharan areas; it is possible to lower the mean indoor air temperature below 27 °C and raise the average relative humidity to reach 73.97%. By concentrating principally on the thermal-economic optimization, the optimized COP of the GSHP that combines the reliability and economy of cooling in long term was found to be 3.89.
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Ganushchak-Efimenko, Lyudmila, Valeriia Shcherbak, and Оlena Nifatova. "Assessing the effects of socially responsible strategic partnerships on building brand equity of integrated business structures in Ukraine." Oeconomia Copernicana 9, no. 4 (December 31, 2018): 715–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2018.035.
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Research background: At present, it is critical to raise awareness on how global trends of doing business within the framework of sustainable development affect the success of each business unit, integration associations, and apparently contribute to a nation’s prosperity. Thus, a study aimed at measuring the effects of socially responsible strategic partnerships on building brand equity of integrated business structures (IBS) will provide deeper insights into assessing the effectiveness and relevance of disseminating CSR practices.
Purpose of the article: The paper attempts to evaluate the degree of effect of socially responsible strategic partnerships on building strong brand equity of integrated business structures.
Methods: The participants in the assessment have been selected from the Forbes TOP 200 largest companies in Ukraine (the ranking was based not only on sales, such metrics as companies’ financial performance, total assets and their current assessed value were also considered). The input data on the CSR indices were obtained from the Center for CSR Development Ukraine. The index of loyalty to a certain brand was calculated as an integral ratio of satisfaction and importance to customers (based on online survey results). To analyze the impact of the endogenous variable of CSR on IBS branding effectiveness (customer loyalty index and brand equity) and its cost effectiveness, correlation regression and factor analysis methods were applied.
Findings & Value added: This study demonstrates the feasibility and economic justification of the impact of socially responsible strategic partnerships on brand equity development for integrated business structures. The research has significant implications for brand management of integrated business structures by providing empirical evidence that will improve understanding of the need to implement the concept of socially responsible branding that right today resonates with the moral society.
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Smith, Rebecca. "Building capacity: Science in the developing world." Biochemist 32, no. 4 (August 1, 2010): 44–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio03204044.
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On 15 June 2010 Innovation, Sustainability, Development: A New Manifesto was launched at the Royal Society in London. This manifesto was written by the Social, Technological and Environmental Pathways to Sustainability (STEPS) Centre. The STEPS Centre is based in both the Institute of Development Studies and the Science Policy Research Unit at the University of Sussex. The new manifesto, as its name suggests, builds on the work of an ‘old’ manifesto known as the Sussex Manifesto. Commissioned by the United Nations as part of its Plan of Action for Science and Development for the ‘Second UN Development Decade’, i.e. the 1970s, the Sussex Manifesto was published in 1969.
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WANG, XUE. "THE EFFECT OF INBOUND OPEN INNOVATION ON FIRM PERFORMANCE IN JAPANESE MANUFACTURING FIRMS: COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN RESEARCH CENTRE AND BUSINESS UNIT." International Journal of Innovation Management 22, no. 07 (October 2018): 1850054. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919618500548.
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This study aims to investigate the inbound open innovation and firm performance in different time periods across different organisations. Specifically, a conceptual model at firm level analysis was proposed based on literature review. The model was tested with structural equation modeling, using the empirical data which were collected from 60 research centre projects and 62 business unit projects in 2008. Results reveal the causal relationship between the implementation of inbound open innovation and the firm performance in both research centre and business unit. Comparative results showed that regarding research centre, increasing the frequency of inbound open innovation, efficient interal R&D activities and the higher degree of product newness make projects stable and efficient; consequently, the success of firm performance is achieved. As for the business unit, the frequently inbound open innovation practices are necessary for terms of generating efficiency and outcomes, and efficient inter R&D stargeties are significant conditioned by the degree of product newness, contributing to the firm performance as well.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Chiang, Hsin-Ting, and 蔣心婷. "Application Research on BIM Imported Building Fire Evacuation Safety Performance Verification-Taking Collective Residential Unit as an Example." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b2xrm2.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
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At present, when the specific buildings in Taiwan are tested for fire prevention and evacuation according to the building technical rules, the evacuation verification is measured by the drawing of AutoCAD, and the relevant parameters are determined according to the type and use of the space, and then the relevant parameters are built. Placed in the Excel table, in addition to the input floor space, the average ceiling height, walking speed, personnel density, etc., in addition to the space before the data, you also need to set the formula and function of each cell, such as the space to verify When there are more changes and design changes, it is necessary to check the data editing content of each cell several times to confirm whether the selected cells are incorrect. In this process, data mis-planting and Excel table cells are incorrectly set, which affects the verification results. Correctness. This study uses the Revit+API application to build the sample. In the third chapter, the formula for the fire safety and safety verification technical manual (second edition) of the building, the Excel instruction and the sample Revit+API application of this study. For the interface, refer to the annex of the Building Fire Evacuation Safety Performance Verification Technical Manual (Second Edition) for comparison. From the comparison table, the contents of the three are consistent and consistent, and the case analysis and demonstration are carried out in Chapter 4, the sample version. The verification result and the data provided by the verification unit are within the allowable range. The sample version of this research can assist the verification unit to verify the building fire prevention and evacuation. It can also provide architects and interior decoration practitioners with pre-examination, with this tool as an aid to carry out preliminary fire evacuation verification, architect and interior decoration. After the practitioner completes the revision, the verification unit performs verification, which simplifies the verification process and improves the efficiency of verification.
Books on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Claire, Heaver, Walker Robert L. 1949-, Great Britain. Department of Social Security., and Centre for Research in Social Policy., eds. Building up pension rights: A report of research carried out by the Social Security Unit at the Centre for Research in Social Policy at Loughborough University on behalf of the Department of Social Security. Leeds: Corporate Document Services, 2000.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Chiesa, Giacomo, Francesca Fasano, and Paolo Grasso. "Thermal Comfort and Climatic Potential of Ventilative Cooling in Italian Climates." In Innovative Renewable Energy, 423–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04714-5_18.
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AbstractThe chapter describes several climate-correlated variables and suitable key performance indicators (KPIs) to define the local ventilative cooling potential. Furthermore, a methodology is presented to verify potential correlations between climate KPIs and indoor comfort parameters. The latter values are calculated by adopting dynamic energy simulations (EnergyPlus) and comfort models – both Fanger (ISO 7730) and the recently updated EU adaptive comfort approach (EN 16798-1) – considering a sample building unit. Simulations are run by using a parametric-enabling tool developed by the research unit to check correlations and is part of work performed for the PRELUDE project, co-funded by the EU, Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 958345. The approach is applied to the whole Italian territory considering typical yearly (hourly defined) meteorological conditions for all municipalities (about 8000 data points). Strong connections between climate and building KPIs are underlined together with the high potential of ventilative cooling in reducing discomfort and energy needs in the Italian territory.
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Rocha, Clarissa Figueredo, Carlos Olavo Quandt, and Fernando Deschamps. "Digital Supply Chain Insights From Large Factories." In Increasing Supply Chain Performance in Digital Society, 153–78. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9715-6.ch008.
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In today's digital age, many managers need to find new ways to manage collaborations where complementary partners co-create digital solutions. Collaborations with partners are at the centre of digital projects, but managing these collaborations is challenging. The research objective is to investigate how collaborations with business partners contribute to digital transformation through a qualitative investigation of Brazilian and British large manufactures that are already on their journey towards digitalization. Interviews and questionnaires and non-participant observations were collected, followed by content analysis. The findings indicate that the companies, mainly the Brazilian cases, are at the early stage of building a digital ecosystem for a more connected supply chain. The use of digital solutions in cases brings obstacles but also opportunities and advantages for supply chains in the near future. The study discussed these implementation challenges and what digital technologies are under development and already used to make the supply chain smarter and more connected.
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Karunasena, Kanishka, Hepu Deng, and Anuradha Karunasena. "Developments of e-Government in Sri Lanka." In Handbook of Research on E-Government in Emerging Economies, 1–19. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0324-0.ch001.
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This chapter investigates the status of e-Government development, explores the opportunities created for citizens and government, and identifies the challenges for an effective implementation of e-Government in Sri Lanka. The study reveals that the dissemination of public information online, the provision of call centre services, and the establishment of tele-centres in rural areas have generally improved the wellbeing of citizens. It further shows that the development of information and communication technology infrastructure and the taking of the human resource capacity building initiative in public organizations have had a positive impact on the performance of public organizations. The study, however, reveals that the continuous development of e-Government in Sri Lanka is troubled by the uneven access of rural citizens to e-Government services, the low e-Readiness of citizens, the delay in implementing major e-Government projects, and the insufficient funding for successfully implementing all the e-Government initiatives.
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Aune, Vigdis. "Performing Young Adults’ Reflections on Work, Citizenship, and Democracy." In Theatre and Democracy: Building Democracy in Post-war and Post-democratic Contexts, 173–91. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.135.ch09.
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Can theatre be a significant arena for reflections on work as an essential part of life for youth and young adults? This chapter reports on an arts-based research project that involved a cultural centre (ISAK) and participants aged 15–30 over a period of seven months. The overall framing perspective was an ethos of equality and a concept of dissensus inspired by the works of Jacques Rancière. The chapter discusses in particular Democratic forum, a workshop designed so the participants could reflect on, and perform, dreams, questions and challenges concerning work as part of their life and future. It also incorporated the development of exercises as well as the use of artistic ensemble, focal point and metaphor for further dramaturgical work. In the making of the performance Happy Land 2048, strategies for post-dramatic dramaturgy were applied, and this chapter discusses how experiences from Democratic forum can also be transformed into aesthetic experiences for an audience. Throughout an interactive performative event, the audience was co-performing in six different functions.
Conference papers on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Yang, L., M. A. Douglas, J. Gusdorf, F. Szadkowski, E. Limouse, M. Manning, and M. Swinton. "Residential Total Energy System Testing at the Canadian Centre for Housing Technology." In ASME 2007 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2007-22137.
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This paper outlines a demonstration project planned and implemented at the Canadian Centre for Housing Technology (CCHT) in 2006. The CCHT, located on the campus of the National Research Council (NRC) in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada maintains two identical, detached, single-family houses that have the capacity to assess energy and building technologies in side by side comparisons with daily simulated occupancy effects. The paper describes the residential integrated total energy system being installed in one of the homes at the CCHT for this demonstration, consisting of two one-ton ground source heat pumps, an air handler with supplemental/back-up hydronic heating capability, a natural gas fired storage type water tank, an indirect domestic hot water storage tank and a multistage thermostat capable of controlling the system. There is also a description of the bore-field, consisting of three vertical wells arranged to suit a typical suburban landscape. Two of the wells serve the heat pumps; the third well is arranged between the other two to sink the waste heat from a cogeneration unit. The 6 kWe cogeneration unit to be installed in May 2007 is also described. The heat pump system was deliberately sized to satisfy the cooling load in Canada’s heat dominated climate, leaving room in the operation of the system to accept waste heat from the cogeneration unit, either directly or indirectly through recycling the heat through the ground to the heat pumps. This paper presents and discusses preliminary testing results during the fall of 2006 and modeling work of the ground heat exchanger component of the system and therefore sets the stage for performance modeling work that is currently underway at Natural Resources Canada (NRCan).
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Becker, Edward. "[Local] Materials Matter." In 2020 ACSA Fall Conference. ACSA Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.aia.fallintercarbon.20.25.
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This research explores three design-research projects led by the author that transformed locally sourced, underutilized biomaterials into high-performance building products tailored to their regional contexts. They are intended to expose barriers related to product development, permitting, code compliance, and application, each key limitations for the widespread acceptance and utilization of novel low-carbon construction materials. One case-study project, the New River Train Observation Tower, involved the utilization of low-grade timber products for the development of local-species CLT. The low-grade “trash” wood for the structural product was sourced, milled, pressed, and utilized locally, thus significantly reducing carbon emissions from construction, benefitting the local economy, and resisting region-specific pests/fungi. The thirty-foot-tall, publicly accessible tower was the first hardwood CLT building in the United States to receive a building permit and to be constructed with local- species wood. Another practice-based research project by the author titled “Lake House” employs local alternatives for non-renewable building products. The project involves the utilization of thermally modified wood and highlights key hurdles to locally sourced, bio-based material utilization. Each project exemplifies a material-based carbon management strategy and is affiliated with the author’s research at the Center for Low-Carbon Structures and Systems at Virginia Tech, a multidisciplinary research unit focused on the development and implementation of novel bio-based building systems. Both case study projects and their related low-carbon products/systems align with the AIA Framework for Design Excellence, specifically Designing for Resources and Designing for Economy.
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Zhao, Xiling, Lin Fu, Shigang Zhang, Jianzhang Zhu, Baomin Huang, Tao He, and Zhonglian Lai. "Exergy Analysis of Natural Gas ICE-Based CHP System." In ASME 2009 3rd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer and InterPACK09 Conferences. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2009-90013.
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A challenge for CHP (Combined heating and power) system is the efficient integration of distributed generation (DG) equipment with thermally-activated (TA) technologies. Tsinghua University focuses on laboratory and demonstration research to study the critical issues of CHP systems, advance the technology and accelerate its application. The Research performed at the Building Energy Research Center (BERC) Laboratory focuses on assessing the operational performance and efficiency of the integration of current DG and TA technologies. The test system is composed of a 70-kW natural gas-fired internal combustion engine (ICE) with various heat recovery units, such as a flue gas-to-water heat recovery unit (FWRU), a jacket water heat recovery unit (JRU), liquid desiccant dehumidification systems (LDS), an exhaust-gas-driven double-effect absorption heat pump (EDAHP), and a condensation heat recovery unit (CRU)). In the winter, the exhaust gas from the ICE is used in the FWRU (operation mode I) or used to drive the EDAHP directly, and the exhaust gas from the EDAHP is used in the CRU (operation mode II). The water flows from the CRU can be directed to the evaporator side of the EDAHP as the lower-grade heat source. The water flows from the condensation side of the EDAHP, in conjunction with the jacket water flows from the JRU, is used for heating. In summer, the exhaust gas from the ICE is used to drive the EDAHP for cooling directly, and the waste heat of the jacket water is used to drive the liquid desiccant dehumidification systems, to realize the separate control of heat and humidity. In this paper, the exergy and energy analysis has been done on operation mode I and II according to the actual testing results, and it is show that the exergy efficiency of operation mode II is improved by 1.5% than operation mode I, and the energy efficiency of operation mode II is improved by 11% than operation mode I. The only way to improve the whole CHP is to maximize the use of the heat recovered by the ICE and to utilize the remaining heat of exhaust gas in other waste-heat driven equipments capable of using low grade waste heat like the CRU.
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Chandrasekaran, Srinivasan, and V. V. S. Sricharan. "Analysis of a Floating Wave Energy Converter With Hydraulic-Mechanical Power Take-Off Using WEC-Sim and SIMSCAPE." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-19069.
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Abstract A novel multibody ‘self-reacting’ floating wave energy converter, which constitutes a set of ‘bean’ shape tubular floats which pitch relative to the central spar (CS) resulting in net heave, is introduced in the present study abbreviated as BFWEC. The frequency-domain modeling is performed assuming potential wave theory (PWT) to obtain the fundamental building blocks viz., hydrodynamic parameters of BFWEC. The unique configuration of BFWEC with a set of four floats around CS projects it to be a novel attribute. The relative motion between CS and floats is enabled using a connecting frame and the hinge joint to each bean float. Time-domain wave-WEC interactions, along with free-decay tests, are modeled and conducted using a highly established and reliable open source MATLAB-Simulink module called WEC-Sim (Wave Energy Converter SIMulator). The CS of six degrees BFWEC with a dominant heave degree is first restricted to be fixed and later enabled to three and six degrees of freedom (D-o-F) to understand the influence of its compliance. The device is restrained and kept in position by fastening four tethers (taut mooring) to the CS by coupling it to a lumped mass stand-alone mooring line feature known as MoorDyn. A hydraulic-mechanical Power take-off (PTO) unit is coupled with BFWEC in SIMSCAPE to understand its overall performance characteristics, which is later compared with linear damping virtual PTO. The performance ratio of the device is then obtained under 0° and 45° regular waves. The critical outcome of the research is to establish a robust green channel by promoting wave energy extraction in the sea states of the Indian sub-continent with a unique and suitable design.
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Calle, Carlos A., and Alfredo Luce. "CORA Project: Vitrification of Intermediate Level Liquid Radioactive Wastes in Saluggia ENEA Research Centre." In ASME 2001 8th International Conference on Radioactive Waste Management and Environmental Remediation. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2001-1318.
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Abstract The EUREX reprocessing pilot plant, at ENEA Research Centre, Saluggia (VC - Italy), stores 113 m3 of intermediate level liquid waste and 110 m3 of low level liquid waste, originating from the past reprocessing campaigns. Conditioning of the above wastes, for the purpose of final disposal, has been planned in a new installation for the solidification of both intermediate and low level wastes at Saluggia site. The installation, under design, has been named CORA Plant (COnditioning of RAdioactive wastes). Direct Vitrification process using cold crucible melter (CCM) developed by CEA of Marcoule, has been chosen as conditioning technology for a mix of most active wastes and cementation for secondary low level waste produced during vitrification. A boro-silicate glass matrix has been selected with a specific nominal chemical composition adapted to liquid waste matrix. Characterisation work of this specific glass is under progress. CORA has been presented to regulatory authority has a modification of a pilot reprocessing Eurex plant. Vitrification equipment and glass canister interim storage facility of CORA Plant will be housed inside the existing building of Eurex facility properly modified. Cementation unit inside a new building located in a near external yard. A description of the waste management scheme, as well as a brief description of adopted technologies, chemical glass composition and updated schedule of CORA project is presented in this paper.
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Desideri, U., S. Proietti, F. Zepparelli, P. Sdringola, and E. Cenci. "Life Cycle Assessment of a Reflective Foil Material and Comparison With Other Solutions for Thermal Insulation of Buildings." In ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54786.
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In the last twenty years, the exploitation of non-renewable resources and the effects of their applications on environment and human health were considered central topics in political and scientific debate on European and worldwide scale. This kind of resources have been used in different sectors, as energy systems, technological research, but also in private/public buildings and production of consumer goods, involving significantly domestic and ordinary life of every human being. Studies about the effect of this exploitation carried out discouraging results, in terms of climate changes and energy sustenance; this determined a progressive approach process to a new concept of development, able to couple the qualitative standard of modern life with the respect of planet and its inhabitants. Starting from this reflection, scientific community moved towards research on alternative resources and developed a new way to conceive planning process and technical innovations, in order to exploit renewable energies and recycled materials, promote energy savings and reduce environmental pollution. In this context the present paper aims at evaluating benefits relating to different solutions of thermal insulation in building envelope. In fact a high grade of insulation ensures better comfort conditions in inner spaces, reducing energy consumptions due to heating and cooling conditioning. The paper presents the results of a detailed Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, conceived and produced by an Italian company. The Life Cycle Assessment methodology allows to consider all stages of the life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials to the product’s disposal, in an optics “from cradle to grave.” In particular, the study takes into account the production phase of the reflective foil ISOLIVING, the installation phase, the transport of all components to the production site and also the end of life scenario of the material. The possibility to collect many detailed information about the production phase adds value to the study. The analysis is carried out according to UNI EN ISO 14040 and UNI EN ISO 14044, which regulate the LCA procedure. The LCA modeling was performed using SimaPro software application. The results of the analysis allow to make an important comparison concerning the environmental performances, between the reflective foil ISOLIVING and other types of insulating materials.
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OGRYZEK, Marek, and Krzysztof RZĄSA. "THE SOCIAL ASPECTS OF RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.153.
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The rural development policy of the Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury in Poland (APS) is conducted by The Agricultural Property Agency – APA (since 1.09.2017 – The National Centre for Agriculture Support). The property managed by the APA includes agricultural land, forests, farm buildings, residential buildings as well as equipment and devices that are part of the social, technical, production, commercial and service infrastructure. The aim of research was to proof the influence of the gratuitous transfer of land from the APS to local government units, to engage them in social activities. The main methods used for it were: the analyse of legal acts in Poland, the analyse of reports and statistic data from APA and method of cartographic presentation – quantitative, cartogram. This article focuses on the social aspects of the APA’s operations, based on an analysis of the data supplied by the Regional Branch of the Agricultural Property Agency in Olsztyn. The results of the analyses were presented in table format. The rural development policy concerning the performance of public purposes in rural areas was analysed. The obtained information and materials were analysed to identify social investments carried out on agricultural land donated to local authorities from Agricultural Property Stock of the State Treasury. The results were used to analyse and describe the social aspects of the APA’s operations in rural area in Poland. Rural areas require various types of social assistance services. The Agricultural Property Agency has successfully fostered social development in rural areas, and it has the required resources and experience to continue that mission.
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Feng, M., and Y. X. Tao. "Energy and Exergy Performance of Building HVAC System With Cogeneration Plant in Subtropical Climate." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-41639.
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This paper presents an efficiency analysis, from both first law and second law of thermodynamics point of view, of a building HVAC system with on-site natural gas driven co-generation energy system. The building used for the case study is a university teaching and research complex located in Miami, Florida. The building’s original service centrifugal chiller plant and natural gas boiler are compared with the proposed cogeneration system based on energy and exergy performance. Because of the complexity of the system configuration and control schemes, building energy simulation code EnergyPlus is used as the primary tool to solve the energy balance equations. Further mathematical model for individual process exergy destruction, i.e. space cooling, dehumidification, VAV box reheating, mechanical ventilation, cooling tower evaporation, etc. are developed. To address both the processes of space cooling and dehumidification, the reference state which is associated with ambient temperature and humidity ratio is used throughout the analysis. The simulation results meet well with on-site measurement of energy usage. It is found that at whole system level, exergy efficiency is generally much lower than that of energy. The performance of chiller plant, natural boiler, air handling unit is far from thermodynamic ideal operation. By comparing different chiller plant modification scenarios, the cogeneration energy system with centrifugal chillers demonstrate the ability to increase both energy and exergy efficiencies for the overall system. The system with single-effect absorption chiller exergy efficiency is the lowest among all the candidate scenarios. The implication between exergy efficiency and sustainable building is discussed. To further improve the exergy efficiency, low exergy resources such as geothermal and solar heating should be used.
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Cui, Yujie, Mingsheng Liu, and Kirk Conger. "Experimental Validation of the Laboratory Air Handling Unit System (LAHU): Part I — Winter Operation." In ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76092.
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The Laboratory Air Handling Unit (LAHU) system for laboratory buildings has been developed and optimized. Theoretical study has concluded that the LAHU with optimal outside air control and optimal heat recovery control significantly reduces thermal energy use, saves pump power consumption and improves office indoor air quality. This paper presents validation experiments of LAHU energy performance in a large university research building including detailed experimental methodology, procedures and preliminary experimental energy savings results. The experiments establish that the LAHU can reduce annual heating by over 30% and can reduce heat recovery pump power by over 50% for this typical laboratory building.
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Lagat, Christopher, Reem Roufail, Vamegh Rasouli, Brian Evans, and Soren Soe. "Experimental Investigation of Steel Coiled Tubes Performance Under Cyclic Bending." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23208.
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Research is currently being undertaken in Australia to develop new drilling technologies for deep mineral exploration. The Deep Exploration Technologies Cooperative Research Centre (DET CRC) has carried out a comprehensive review of the available drilling technologies in the market. Following the study, coiled tube drilling technology has been suggested as a faster and cheaper method than conventional pipe drilling. This is primarily due to its smaller footprint relative to the standard rotary method, ease of unit mobility, less operating personnel, faster rate of penetration, and faster rig up and rig down times. The steel coiled tubing technology has traditionally been used in the petroleum industry. While there have been several attempts to evaluate the performance of coiled tubes in the oil and gas industry, limited or no attempts have been made to assess its performance in deep hard rock mineral exploration drilling. Therefore, DET CRC is in the process of re-designing the coiled tube rig approach to enable fast and efficient drilling of deep micro-holes in hard rocks. Cyclic bending of the coiled tubing past the yield strength point of the material leads to progressive weakening of the tube, which accordingly leads to rapid reduction of the tube service life [1]. Hence fatigue is an important parameter that needs to be considered in material selection for coiled tube and rig design. A bending machine was designed and manufactured to evaluate the fatigue bending strength of conventional HSLA steel tubes. The machine is capable of measuring and recording the bending/flattening resistant forces of the tubes along with the number of bend/flatten events. It can also measure the strain applied on the tube if needed. In this study, several HSLA steel grades and thicknesses of coiled tubes were tested for fatigue bending strength. Fatigued and non-fatigued tubes had their mechanical property alteration tested using tensile test methods. This paper presents the fatigue bending machine. The machine is designed to test most material types of coiled tubes. The paper also reports results of the cyclic bending experiments that were performed on selected grades and sizes of conventional HSLA steel coiled tubes. The paper complements and enhances the understanding of the performance of conventional coiled tube material under fatigue bending conditions.
Reports on the topic "Unit: Centre of Building Performance Research"
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Tarko, Andrew P., Mario A. Romero, Vamsi Krishna Bandaru, and Cristhian Lizarazo. TScan–Stationary LiDAR for Traffic and Safety Applications: Vehicle Interpretation and Tracking. Purdue University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317402.
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To improve traffic performance and safety, the ability to measure traffic accurately and effectively, including motorists and other vulnerable road users, at road intersections is needed. A past study conducted by the Center for Road Safety has demonstrated that it is feasible to detect and track various types of road users using a LiDAR-based system called TScan. This project aimed to progress towards a real-world implementation of TScan by building two trailer-based prototypes with full end-user documentation. The previously developed detection and tracking algorithms have been modified and converted from the research code to its implementational version written in the C++ programming language. Two trailer-based TScan units have been built. The design of the prototype was iterated multiple times to account for component placement, ease of maintenance, etc. The expansion of the TScan system from a one single-sensor unit to multiple units with multiple LiDAR sensors necessitated transforming all the measurements into a common spatial and temporal reference frame. Engineering applications for performing traffic counts, analyzing speeds at intersections, and visualizing pedestrian presence data were developed. The limitations of the existing SSAM for traffic conflicts analysis with computer simulation prompted the research team to develop and implement their own traffic conflicts detection and analysis technique that is applicable to real-world data. Efficient use of the development system requires proper training of its end users. An INDOT-CRS collaborative process was developed and its execution planned to gradually transfer the two TScan prototypes to INDOT’s full control. This period will be also an opportunity for collecting feedback from the end user and making limited modifications to the system and documentation as needed.