Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Union de défense économique'
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Karayannis, Vassilios-Petros. "Liberté économique et défense de l'intérêt général: le problème de retransmission par câble des émissions télévisées dans l'Union européenne." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211205.
Full textEn ce qui concerne l’accès des émissions aux réseaux câblés, la thèse met en avant le besoin de sauvegarder un service public de l’audiovisuel. Celui-ci est défini comme un ensemble des règles qui visent à la fois le paysage audiovisuel propre à chaque Etat membre (par exemple pluralisme) et le contenu des émissions proprement dit (émissions informatives, éducatives, épanouissement culturel etc.). Le droit communautaire primaire et dérivé, tel qu’interprété par la Cour de justice, fournit les moyens de conciliation entre, d’une part les intérêts généraux et, d’autre part, les exigences découlant de la libre prestation de services et de la libre concurrence.
En ce qui concerne l’application des droits intellectuels, la thèse aborde la problématique liée à l’épuisement ou la subsistance de ceux-ci. Dans le cas de la câblodistribution, la Cour a affirmé la subsistance du droit. Cette position est corroboré par la nouvelle directive européenne sur le droit d’auteur et les droits voisins dans la société de l’information. La thèse appuie la position de subsistance en considérant qu’elle constitue une condition essentielle pour la juste récompense des auteurs.
Enfin, la thèse aborde les questions plus spécifiques qui naissent à propos de la convergence technologique et juridique. Tout d’abord, il est avancé que le service public de l’audiovisuel n’est pas uniquement lié à des contraintes techniques, mais essentiellement à des objectifs qualitatifs (contenu des émissions). Ainsi, la thèse plaide en faveur de la pérpetuité du service public de l’audiovisuel dans l’ère du numérique. Par ailleurs, des questions plus spécifiques (comme l’accès à la boucle locale, l’interconnexion des réseaux et la numérisation des infrastructures) ont été examinées.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Thomann, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Le couple franco-allemand et le projet européen : représentations géopolitiques, unité et rivalités." Paris 8, 2014. http://1.static.e-corpus.org/download/notice_file/2525449/THOMANNversion%20allegee.pdf.
Full textThe Franco-German couple is a geopolitical representation (geopolitical code) whose function is to diffuse the image of a pacified relationship hiding a reality marked by permanent tensions associated with geopolitical (dis)equilibriums evolving through time and geographical space. National geopolitical representations have structured the specific points of conflict within the Franco-German axis that are central to understanding European construction. This shifting balance of power within the axis swinging between unity and rivalry but also bringing in third parties is central to the relationship. Finding compromises between these internal and external geopolitical rivalries when crises occur goes right to the heart of the European project and its geopolitical backdrop. Successive and sometimes precarious Franco-German compromises compound insecurity about the future of the European project. The latest double act : German Chancelor Angela Merkel and the French President Nicolas Sarkozy, does not deviate from these assumptions. Confronted with successive crises : such as the disagreement on geopolitical priorities in the European Neighbourhoud with the New Ostpolitk of 2007, the Mediterranean Union project in 2008, the Euro crisis since 2010 and the rifts on Defense and Security matters, especially the military operation in Libya in 2011, we can note both stability and change in Franco-German power games. Geopolitical mapping and its use as an analytical tool is central to this project’s analysis
Alonzo, Anne. "La guerre est déclarée ! : La mobilisation industrielle à Toulouse pendant la Première Guerre mondiale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL062.
Full textBetween 1914 and 1918, the implementation of industrial mobilization decreed by the Union sacrée's government profoundly transformed Toulouse. While the city remained less economically modernized in the 19th century, significant public investments devoted to the production of military equipment accelerated the development of its industry. Population faced difficulties, however, due to labor requisitions, shortages and rising prices. Unlike Germany, social movements which resulted from the deterioration in the standard of living in 1917 did not, however, call into question the consensus around the war effort, neither in Toulouse nor in France. The thesis studies the reasons for the success of setting up industrial mobilization as well as its execution. It shows that France had an institutional advantage and that it was able to rely on its democratic civic capital to preserve the political pact of his patriotic union. The negative growth rate of economic activity in Toulouse between 1914 and 1918 reflects the fact that the war effort was largely supported by businesses and workers. The State capacity and his action were reinforced by the adhesion of the populations to the program of the Union sacrée
Akcadag, Emine. "Le potentiel de Smart Power de l'UE : comment penser la puissance européenne ?" Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAG027/document.
Full textSince the 1970s, even before the Maastricht Treaty comes into force, the status of the EU in international relations and therefore its power is a source of conceptual debates. Although European integration is often seen as a process of renunciation of power, the idea of a European power which replaces the powerlessness of member states after the Second World War is always present among the representatives of various approaches to international relations: civilian power, normative power, soft power, military power, etc. It should be noted that the search for new concepts to describe better the enigmatic nature of European power is in progress.The aim of this work is to contribute to this debate by using the concept of smart power, effective combination of hard power and soft power, in order to describe the nature of the power of the EU. The concept of smart power seems relevant to explain the model of the EU’s power, although, in practice, the EU has difficulties in exercising smart power because of the lack of will among the member countries
Angelaki, Aikaterini. "La différenciation entre les Etats membres de l'Union européenne." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAA025.
Full textDifferentiation between the Member States of the European Union has gradually turned into a leitmotif of the debate regarding the future of the European integration. This debate re-emerged in the context of the activation of the withdrawal clause by the United Kingdom, by raising once more the question of the compatibility of the "ever closer union" concept with the possibility for the Member States to follow different paths of integration. The aim of this study is to clarify this question by focusing on the amplification of the various forms of differentiation in positive law. The first part of the study aims to identify the contrast between the uniformity of the EU membership and the asymmetrical participation of the Member States in actions undertaken to achieve the objectives assigned to the Union. Differentiation proves thus to be a relativizing factor of the homogeneity of the Member State's status, without, however, questioning its uniqueness as a legal category. The second part of the study focuses on the effects of differentiation on the structure of the Union. The different extent of participation of each Member State in EU policies has an impact on the Union's institutional and legal framework, even though this impact does not create a disorder affecting the integrity of the Union as such. It is thus apparent that within the creatio continua of the European construction, differentiation poses more a question of degree rather than principle
Homegnon, Noukpo. "Libéralisation commerciale et réaction de l'offre des huiles alimentaires dans les pays de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Afrique (UEMOA)." Thesis, Orléans, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ORLE0501/document.
Full textLocal production of edible oils in the WAEMU’s countries is no longer a credible defense line against imports. This reality contrasts with the objectives of agriculture policy and WAEMU’s Common External Tariff (CET) which are supposed to protect Community production. Thus, under the light of the economic literature and based on empirical data, we used simultaneous equations for each country of WAEMU, panel data and gravity equations with panel data to determine the impact of trade liberalization on supply of edible oils in WAEMU’s countries.The results obtained converge towards the same conclusion: the confrontation of objectives of protecting local production and trade openness policy with the coherence’s tests reveals some inconsistencies and contradictions. Thus, WAEMU fails to reconcile the Union's trade openness objectives with the protection objectives of edible oils producers. Trade liberalization policies have tended to favor a disintegration of the productive structure and disruption of trade architecture. Thus, the supply of edible oils shows two contradictory reactions with regard to the trade liberalization within the WAEMU’s countries: a depressive reaction displayed by the production and an explosive reaction displayed by the imports which are attracted by re-export rents. However, these rents are mirages that reserve destructive economic implications with the adoption of ECOWAS’CET
Mascolo, Gil Tenile. "La place des droits de l'Homme dans le Mercosur à la lumière de l'expérience européenne : les enjeux au regard du système interaméricain de protection des droits de l'Homme." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058852.
Full textCélestine, Emmanuelle. "Souveraineté et union économique et monétaire." Paris 12, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA122005.
Full textWhen EMU has been created, members States of European Community transferred their monetary sovereignty almost integrally whereas they kept their economic sovereignty exercise. This disequilibrium between monetary and economic transfer is a source of difficulties in the leading of both community monetary politic and national economic politics of member States. An adapted policy-mix is quite impossible because of the lack of European politics structures which be able to lead economic politic at the European Community stage and to take into account disserves of euro zone members States and those of non members. So, if we want EMU to survive, new sovereignty transfers are necessary
Duffort, Benoit. "Les politiques de défense française et britannique face à l'émergence de la politique européenne de sécurité et de défense [1991-2001]." Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030048.
Full textHalf a century after the Dunkirk treaty, France and the United Kingdom signed in Saint-Malo a declaration on European defence of paramount historic significance. From this declaration originated the implementation, within the frame of the European Union, of the European Security and Defence Policy, which was declared ‘operational’ in December 2001 during the Laeken Summit. As leading parties of this process France and the United Kingdom had essential interests to safeguard in the conducting of the European and transatlantic negotiations which resulted in this historic compromise. Based on archival records which have been either recently released or consulted by special dispensation, on discussions with leading figures of the period or on parliamentary papers about the question, this thesis intends to analyse the evolution of the French and British defence policies in their fullest sense prior to this process and from the enforcement of the Common Foreign and Security Policy, from which originated the ESDP, instituted at the end of the 1991 Intergovernmental Conference which led to the implementation of the European Union
Coulomb, Fanny. "Les théories économiques de la guerre, de la paix et de la défense : des origines à nos jours." Grenoble 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE21049.
Full textSerfati, Claude. "Production d'armes, croissance économique et système d'innovation en France : approche méthodologique et étude de cas." Paris 10, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA100040.
Full textIn part I, we survey the way the main theories of the long-term growth deal with the effects of military spending on the long-term growth. In the neo-classical and post-keynesian theories, military spending are treated as a macro-economic aggregate variable. In the accumulation of capital theory, spending military are seen as a functionnal instrument (compensating for overaccumulation or absorbing the economic surplus). In part ii, we analyse the main effects of the arms production on the french economy. The arms production is basedupon what we call a "mesosyteme»; as kolodziej pointed out, the arms engeneers are the "glue" that holds the system together. Since the end of the fifties, the arms production is driven by an autonomous dynamic (with regard to the accumulation dynamic). It requires very highly specialized equipments and it divertsa large part of the technological ressources which are available in France. The preemptive effects are on investment on production and on thenational system of innovation. These latter effects are studied on both the national and the sectorial level, including a critic discussion of the "spinoff" (from military r-d) argument. In part iii, we analyze the industrial strategy of military oriented groups. The emphasis is put on their reliability of the d. G. A. And the narrowness of their "core competence", mainly based upon some military technologies
Angelaki, Aikaterini. "La différenciation entre les Etats membres de l'Union européenne." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018STRAA025.
Full textDifferentiation between the Member States of the European Union has gradually turned into a leitmotif of the debate regarding the future of the European integration. This debate re-emerged in the context of the activation of the withdrawal clause by the United Kingdom, by raising once more the question of the compatibility of the "ever closer union" concept with the possibility for the Member States to follow different paths of integration. The aim of this study is to clarify this question by focusing on the amplification of the various forms of differentiation in positive law. The first part of the study aims to identify the contrast between the uniformity of the EU membership and the asymmetrical participation of the Member States in actions undertaken to achieve the objectives assigned to the Union. Differentiation proves thus to be a relativizing factor of the homogeneity of the Member State's status, without, however, questioning its uniqueness as a legal category. The second part of the study focuses on the effects of differentiation on the structure of the Union. The different extent of participation of each Member State in EU policies has an impact on the Union's institutional and legal framework, even though this impact does not create a disorder affecting the integrity of the Union as such. It is thus apparent that within the creatio continua of the European construction, differentiation poses more a question of degree rather than principle
Foucault, Martial. "Biens collectifs et sécurité extérieure : analyse économique de la politique européenne de défense." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010041.
Full textMoura, Sylvain. "L'impossible banalisation des industries de défense : l'apport d'une analyse institutionnaliste à l'étude de la dynamique des industries." Bordeaux 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR40022.
Full textAn original institutionalist approach to industries is applied here to study the dynamics of the defence sector since 1945. By analyzing change in the economic and political practices which link producers, states and the financial community, we show that the defence industries have not undergone the civilianization which reforms after the fall of the Berlin wall were thought to herald. Rather the defence sector is still marked by exemptions to the rules which govern competition and profitability which structure other parts of the economy
Costaz-Covet, Gaelle. "Les aspects de la défense économique française dans la politique énergétique : exemple du pétrole." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO33018.
Full textPak, Seung-Chae. "Essai d'analyse des industries d'armement dans le monde et en France." Toulouse 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU1A001.
Full textWang, Zhongchao. "La reconversion de l'industrie de la défense en Chine : les aspects administratifs." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010282.
Full textAfter the end of the cold war, a great part of the defence industry becomes superfluous. How to convert it into civilian use is an important problem for many countries, including China. From the beginning, the conversion of the defence industry in China is accompanied by a reform of the administrative system in the defence field. The objective is to separate defence factories from the control and direct management of the government, and to adapt them to the market system. This is a revolution in the industrial field of defence: the government must take certain administrative, economic and juridical measures in order to insure the proper development of this conversion according to the national industrial policy without social problemes such as the closing of factories, unemployment and the trafic of arms outside the state's control, etc
Rodriguez-Calaza, Juan. "Marché unique, union monétaire européenne et théorie économique : une reconsidération critique." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100038.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is not to question the project of the e. M. U. , but to warn of the risk a certain number of european countries (or regions), particularly those of the periphery, will run under a single currency. Thus, it is the emerson report that is the main target of our criticisms. Given that e. M. U. Does not allow the remedy of a competitive insufficiencies by a variation in exchange rates, the mobility of the workforce and the flexibility of wages and prices must replace a devaluation. However, the mobility of production factors is far from being virtuous. The lack of public goods in backward regions faced with external economies benetitting from the advantage of infrastructure and agglomeration of developed countries, favours the mobility of production factors towards the latter and accentuate regional inequalities. It we had exogenous adjustment mechanisms in europe - as in the united states, for example - to stop or alleviate the thrust caused by phenomena characteristic of a vicious circle, we would at least be in the presence of a lesser problem. Unfortunately, such conditions do not exist in europe. Industrial changes and the structural substitution of unskilled labour by technical progress and skilled labour already create a serious unemployment problem in europe which will only deeper with the advent of the single currency
Balado, Ruiz-Gallegos Manuel. "La défense nationale dans les institutions espagnoles." Aix-Marseille 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX32027.
Full textBen, Ouagrham Sonia. "La conversion des entreprises de défense en Russie : une analyse régionale." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0085.
Full textChemain, Régis. "L'union économique et monétaire." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA01A006.
Full textThis thesis presents the juridical aspects of the economic and monetary unification process in europe, taking into consideration their political and economic consequences. In part one of this thesis, an analasys of the firts two stages of the emu reveals the obstacles opposing its realisation. The first phase concluded in an insufficent merger of respec tive economies and an ill-fated monetary instability, and thus, the ems was shaken. None of the elements brought forth in the second phase - emi, broad guidelines of the economic policies, multilateral surveillance. . . Can gurantee that emu will be achieved by the 1999 time limit outlined by the treaty for european union. This reflection find supports in the stringent conditions a country must fulfill before it can proceed to the third phase, which concludes the process. Thus, despite the treaty, the achievement of emu remain uncertain and continues to depend on the political willingness of the member states and the overall economic climate. Part two analyses the third phase, characterized by the development of the coodination of the political economies of the member states. The introduction of a common currency the ecu - and the creation of the ecbs an the ecb. Acting independantly, the members of the ecbs will be in charge of the monetary policy with the primary objective of guaranteeing price stability. At the same time the emu increases the importance of the union it restreins the autonomy and sovereignty of the member states. It influences strongly the future of the union in its economic and political dimension. It reveals the weaknesses of the political union just as it accentuates a federal dynamisme
Le, Gall Cal. "Intégration européenne, globalisation économique et comportement électoral : comment les électeurs répondent-ils aux transferts d'autorité (économique)?" Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAH040.
Full textNational governments’ (economic) margins of maneuver have largely decreased because of intensified pressures coming from international markets and European integration. In this PhD dissertation, I examine how these (economic) transfers of authority affect voting behaviour. To examine voting behavior in national and European elections, I rely on multiple data sources : I test multiple hypotheses linking authority transfers with voting behaviour in a first large comparative perspective using (mainly) individual perceptions which is lacking in the literature. In the first part, I analyze whether economic authority transfers affect different features of the vote, i.e. performance voting, issue voting, electoral turnout and mainstream parties’ fortunes. Results indicate that citizens who believe that their national government has little economic margins of maneuver tend to abstain slightly more ; judge parties and incumbents less (conversely, more) on economic (conversely, non-economic) issues ; and favour challenger parties. In the second part, I show that the increase of power of the EU does not affect voting behavior drastically. Citizens who believe that the EU is responsible over the economy do not choose parties more on their stances on the EU issue in domestic elections and are not more prone to hold incumbent European representatives accountable. Yet, individuals who believe the EU to be economically responsible hold incumbents less accountable on their economic records in domestic elections after the sovereign debt crisis, but not before. Chapter 7 finally indicates that citizens appear to hold the European accountable for policies in which it has actual responsibilities however
St-Onge, Pierre-Paul. "La démocratie et le rôle de l'Etat dans le contexte de la mondialisation." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082505.
Full textGlobalization theories brign to the fore the deterritorialisation of the politics by the action of the financial capital. But studying globalization can't explain the transformation of state's action. The author use imperialism concept to explain this tranformation by the appropriateness of the actual economic and political situation. The imperialism is dominate by the U. S. Hegemonic power which modifies the classical conception of imperialism. The national bourgeoisie support the new imperialism by an inside-out relation with the hegemonic power. The author studies first the political impact of the regional integration in North-America and Europe, notably in France and in Canada, and secondly he studies the politicals transformations in the military domain to demonstrate the hypothesis of the inside-out relation
Badinga, Mouanda Babongui Ariane. "Union régionale et convergence économique structurelle : le cas de la CEMAC." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR40060.
Full textThis thesis proposes to study in the light of the traditional and modern theories of optimality the factors of blocking of the process of convergence within the economic and monetary community of Central Africa. This regional entity sees its chances to converge in the long run compromised by the existence of heterogeneities on the level of the mechanisms of request for currency on the one hand, and those guaranteeing price stability on the other hand. Without disavowing the interest of the convergence criteria nominal, it shows that it would be an error to regard them as able to secure the zone against asymmetries. These criteria, which are certainly essential with the operation of the economic and monetary zone, offer weak warranties in terms of adjustment to the asymmetrical shocks. All in all, this thesis is interested on interconnections between on the one hand the nominal and real variables, and the structural variables which underlie them. It concludes that the regional union formed by the CEMAC could not be viable in the long term, except if the structures tend to be homogenized
Couharde, Cécile. "Intégration économique, union monétaire et déséquilibres structurels entre les pays de la Communauté européenne." Paris 13, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA131012.
Full textThe research studies the compatibility between the european monetary union and countries with different economic levels. To begin with, the structure of emu and its main benefits expected by the commission of the european communities are to be pointed out. Moreover, these benefits are to be analysed under problematic points that govern their virtous connexions. As a main stake, the thesis shows how a close analysis of the delors report underestimates the role of national adjustments in the success of the monetary union. In particular, the emu might penalize the catching up of southern european countries and thus lead to possible divergent pattern of development. Then, it is required to examine the process under wich some reequilibrating mechanisms should be defined. Literature on fiscal federalism currency analysed under the specifities lighted out for the united states, reveals mechanisms that nowadays particulary lack the european project. The historical point of view concerning the converging process in the united states provides some facts on the reequilibrating system inside the american states themselves and thus draw some striking conclusions about the european debate. Far beyond the similarities and differences, this historical outlook highlights that the structural comptability of a monetary union along with the catching up can not be summarized to the simple question of fiscal federalism
Droff, Josselin. "Le facteur spatial en économie de la défense : application à l'organisation du Maintien en Condition Opérationnelle (MCO) des matériels de défense." Thesis, Brest, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BRES0059/document.
Full textThis research discusses public policies related to the spatial organization of defense production as a public good with industrial dimensions. Our framework enables to incorporate the spatial factor in modeling such a production. How to integrate geographical space in defense economics? How does space structure the organization of defense production? Conversely, how does defense production structure space? Our research deals with the case of France and more particularly with the Maintenance Repair and Overhaul (MRO) of French defense equipment. In France, according to the Direction Générale de l’Armement, MRO costs represent between 35% and 50% of the whole life cycle cost of defense equipment. In 2012, they accounted for about 15% of total French defense budget. Optimizing MRO costs has become a top priority issue since the beginning of the 1990s. Such costs are still of concern during the 2010-2014 period, since maintenance equipment expenditures are rising about 8.7% on average. A good management of MRO aims at keeping – or improving – the availability of defense equipment while at the same time reducing MRO costs. With this objective and considering the evolution of the sizes of army sections and their equipment, the spatial organization of MRO appears as a structuring dimension from both static and dynamic perspectives. The dissertation is organized in four chapters: Chapter I is a literature review that legitimates the methodological approach adopted in this research. We survey the regional economics literature that has mainly focused on the location of defense activities within their surrounding economic environment. Chapter II examines the contemporary transformations in French defense (doctrine, budget and size of the army) in order to identify the geographic consequences of such changes. Chapter III deals with the evolution of MRO since the end of the Cold War. We study the evolution of the availability of military platforms, the MRO costs evolution and the main reforms that the French State put in place to improve the management of MRO. Chapter IV discusses the optimal spatial organization of defense MRO. Our model suggests that space provides an opportunity to optimize MRO cost. However, it remains a constraint that is hard to cope with, because of transport costs but also due to the military nature of MRO. We model a strategic constraint with an Operational Social Cost.This constraint takes into account the intrinsic specificities of military activities (e.g. availability of military platforms, strategic imposed locations). It allows us to underline and to discuss the balance of forces between agglomeration and dispersion in the production of defense MRO. The main contribution of this research is to incorporate space in modeling defense production. We defend the idea that the organization of defense production cannot be understood without taking space into account. Optimizing the defense effort is based on a spatial dimension inherent to the concept of defense itself and the territory that has to be defended. As a result, economic research about optimality in the spatial organization of defense should fit in a spatial framework. Beyond MRO matters, our methodology can be applied to other dimensions of defense and more particularly in a multinational framework with two countries, several countries or within an alliance
Berdah, David. "Les relations entre l’Union européenne et Israël : vers un partenariat privilégié en matière de sécurité et de défense ?" Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0180.
Full textSarr, Felwine. "La coordination des politiques macroéconomiques en union monétaire : le cas de l' Union économique et monétaire ouest africaine." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE0509.
Full textPilandon, Louis. "Développement économique et politiques de défense : recherches sur les déterminants des dépenses militaires : présentation d'un ensemble de travaux." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF10003.
Full textArnoux, Gillian. "Le droit européen de la concurrence et l'industrie de défense." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010251.
Full textAnatole, Marie-Pierre. "L'intégration des services financiers dans la Communauté européenne." Toulouse 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOU10026.
Full textFinancial services have always been the natural accompaniment of the development of exchanges between communities. The achievement of the great European market implied the setting up of a financial European area. Banks, insurance companies and investment services had thus, with the new momentum for European construction triggered by the 1985 commission's white paper and the single act of 1986, to start a move towards liberalisation and harmonisation. Liberalisation, because it was going to lead to the creation of a single agreement system for the firms intervening in the financial sector. Harmonisation, because this new freedom had to be combined with the elaboration, at community level, of regulations and ratios of prudential character. In a domain so often allied with the sovereignty of state because of its links with the currency and the balance of payments, the community, spurred by economic and commercial imperatives, has already made important strides. Nevertheless, today's European financial market is essentially concerned with financial services and the efforts to make it work are far from being over, in the agenda of yesterday's European community and today's European union we still find consumer protection and the fiscality of the financial sector. The creation of the financial area has still to be completed; complementary measures for the liberation and the control of financial activities should be decided. One must nevertheless recognise that the integration of financial services as it has been achieved during the past decade constitutes one of the important stages of European construction
Petkantchin, Valentin. "Fédéralisme européen versus Union européenne : un essai en analyse économique des institutions." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX32013.
Full textThe theme of the Ph. D. Thesis is the institutional and organizational phenomenon in the European Union (EU) and its eastern widening which are studied from the point of view of the institutional economic analysis. The author presents a critical assessment of the mainstream economic analysis which legitimates the European political organizations by the existence of public goods and externalities. An alternative and proprietarist approach of the European market is proposed where a demand of institutions is identified. This demand exists because of the lack of i) property rights and freedom to contract outside but also inside of the nation States and of ii) social rules about the goods of collective consumption. A "Public Choice" analysis of the EU points out the existence of importants costs and a centralization tendency in the European political process. .
Sorhun, Engin. "L' intégration économique de la Turquie dans l'Union Européenne à la lumière des trois régularités empiriques de l'économie géographique et des circonstances historiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008STR1EC04.
Full textT'Serclaes, Philippine de. "Revisiting the energy-efficiency paradox : lessons from the diffusion of cogeneration in the European Union." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010071.
Full textBors, Vilena. "La république de Moldova et l'intégration économique européenne." Grenoble 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE21053.
Full textBelhomme-Chick, Claire. "L'Union de l'Europe Occidentale et l'affirmation d'une identité européenne de défense : 1973-1997." Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010267.
Full textMagloire, Juliana. "Les relations Union européenne-Caraïbes et le développement futur du bassin caribéen." Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994STR30013.
Full textThis thesis has two major objectives. The first is to examine why it is so difficult for the Caribbean countries to integrate at the regional level, even though regional integration is considered as imperative for the future development of the Caribbean, given the current regional and international economique and political circumstances. The second objective is to examine in how far Europe is responsible for this impass, as well as to see how the European union can help the region to undertake this integration task-the only way to develop the Caribbean basin. To obtain these objectives the following constitute the core of the work: (1) an historical analysis of Europe's responsibility for the current political, economic and socio-cultural life of the region; (2) an examination of the past and current involvement of the European union in the region; (3) in the light of the experiences of the past, recommendations for the future relations between the European union and the Caribbean
Bordonaro, Federico. "La problématique d'une politique européenne de sécurité et de défense depuis 1990." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA040089.
Full textESPD remains one of the european integration's main issues, and one that is heatdly debated since the early nineties. Its technical, institutional and strategic aspects can onely be understood in a broader historical and geopolitical framework, capable to assess the european power mutual relations and the transatlantic relationship. Covering the period from the Maastricht treaty's negociations to the UE's constitutional treaty ratifications, this thesis, sets forth thr history of ESDP and explains its evolutions in terms of interests, security concerns and goals of the UE states invilved. It also features a history of the western european union and covers the issue of european military industrial complex
Desquilbet, Jean-Baptiste. "Optimalité, crédibilité, coordination : essais en théorie de la politique économique." Paris 9, 1991. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1991PA090008.
Full textThe first part of the thesis deals with methodology: two objective causes of the lack of credibility of the a priori optimal economic policy are identified and discussed. The initial choice becomes obsolete both because the economic environment is altered by the reaction of the rational private sector and because preferences over economic policy change, as reflected by the swinging of democratically elected partisan politicians in office. The time-inconsistency of the first kind can be dealt with using a "technical" solution akin to perfect equilibrium strategies in game theory. The time-inconsistency of the second kind cannot, it is a "cost of democracy". The second part of the thesis deals with economic policy coordination within the framework of the European monetary system, and in the perspective of monetary unification. We give a politico-economic explanation for the ems : a fixed exchange rate regime allows to limit the politicians' ability to manipulate economic policy, and thus allows both participants to benefit from a reduction in fluctuations induced by the political business cycle. We point to the asymmetry in the preferences of member countries, particularly to the German aversion to inflation, as the source of the asymmetric operating of the ems. We show that it is necessary to assign to the monetary union's independent central bank the fight against inflation as unique goal, free of any internal conflict and thus true guarantee of monetary policy credibility. We discuss the costs of such a regime, in terms of employment stabilization, fiscal revenue and democratic control. We also show the benefits of fiscal coordination in a monetary union
Bordes, Claire. "La construction de la défense européenne via l'élargissement à l'est de l'Union Européenne et de l'OTAN : complémentarité ou rivalité au sein de la nouvelle donne géopolitique européenne : thèse pour l'obtention du grade de docteur de l'Université Paris IV." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040264.
Full textThe European Defence’s building questions about the ESDP’s maturity and the complexity of the European Defence’s architecture. Why do we necessary oppose NATO to the EU ? Their relationship has a direct consequence on the European territorial building. In fact, the globalisation is part of this building and brings new risks (terrorism, State failure, Mafia network) to this young new unfinished supranational structure. Indeed, the enlargements of both NATO and the EU are the proof of the progress of the occidental pioneer front and they constantly re-define the centre-periphery relation. Consequentlyn we should wonder what the future of the European security would be, both at the regional and the global stage
Mojon, Benoît. "Transmission de la politique monétaire en Europe : analyses comparatives de l'Allemagne, la France, l'Italie et le Royaume-Uni." Paris 10, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA100083.
Full textGuigo, Virginie. "Chocs asymetriques, rigidites salariales et processus d'ajustement en union economique et monetaire." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10006.
Full textTalon, Olivier. "Demande de monnaie et politique monétaire dans l'Union économique et monétaire ouest-africaine (U. E. M. O. A. )." Paris 12, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA122009.
Full textIn this work, we attempt to verify whether, and to what extent the structural characteristics of the less developed economies, in particular those of the west-african economic and moneta, ry union countries, influence the type and behavior of the variables that enter into the money demand relationship. Those characteristics, for instance, the economic backward state that increase the level of market imperfection, the high level of adjustment costs and some socio, logical characteristics are additional restraints for standard money demand function. So, this function may be different from the one estimated in developed economies. In oaemu coun, tries, the function has the following characteristics: income explain the greatest part of the changes in money demand and the main motive for holding money is transaction motive; the asset motive is not important, as the interest rate elasticity of money demand function is not significant; the coefficient of expectations is near 1; the adjustment lags are very long. The monetary authorities must take notice of those facts in the monetary policy. In particular, a great carefulness is required in the interest rate policy since the weakness of the relation bet, ween the interest rate changes and the demand for money show that the substitutions between financial assets and money are weak
Reçber, Kamuran. "Le rôle de l'Union de l'Europe occidentale dans le système de sécurité et de défense européennes." Nice, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NICE0047.
Full textDucrey, Gérard. "L'Union africaine et le Pacte de non-agression et de défense commune : contribution à l'étude du nouveau système de sécurité africain." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010313.
Full textCissé, Hamadou. "Les perspectives d'une libéralisation financière en U. M. O. A. (Union monétaire Ouet-africaine)." Aix-Marseille 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX32032.
Full textMonetary and financial difficulties of the wamu countries (west african monetary union) are fundamentally imputable to the policy of centralizing and planned economy inspired from keynesian macroeconomic models of grawth put into practice in these countries. Only a true disengagement of the public authorities for the benefit of a higher promotion of free market rules is henceforth confirmed to be safest means for responsibilizing the whole local economic partners towards the management of their own financial resources or the financial resources which are entrust to them. Therefore, will take place a true climate of "competition", emulation and economic and social progress as it is happening in some ldc namely in those called today the "new industrialized countries" of asia. In the particular field of monetary and credit policy, the systematic use that does the centrale bank of the wamu with the traditional instruments of regulation and control leads rather to disrupt the normal management of the local financial intermediaries. Consequently, desequilibriums are provocated or aggravated in the financement of different economic sectors. Contrary to that, deregulation of the local financial intermediaries will allow the latters to proceed to an optimal distributions of the financial resources to the economies, taking objectively in account costs and risks linked to their function
Ba, Ibrahim Bocar. "Perspectives du Mali dans l'accord de partenariat économique Union Européenne-Afrique de l'Ouest." Lyon 3, 2009. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2009_out_ba_i.pdf.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to examine how, within the new context provided by the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs), Mali can effectively build on the opportunities provided by the new agreements to attain a level of growth that would enable it to significantly reduce poverty. The thesis consists of three main parts: I – A review of theories on free-trade, with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages; II – Presentation of the Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) and the state of play of the EPA negotiations; III –Practical application: Mali's prospects in the framework of the reforms aimed at adapting the fiscal system and the production apparatus to ensure the profitability of the EPAs. An Economic Partnership Agreement with a strong development dimension, bold reform of Mali's fiscal system and production apparatus, together with adequate financial backing can contribute to the attainment of that objective
D'Avino, Loredana. "Les mouvements de capitaux en union économique et monétaire : approches historiques et théoriques." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCG009.
Full textThe liberalization of international capital flows seems linked to the increase and worsening of financial crisis. Since the financial crisis in 2007-2008, the ideological dimension of “happy globalization” has brought to light and given new strength to dissentient voices that could not be heard before. This thesis tries to evaluate the importance of capital flows on the stability of à financial system. Its purpose is to compare different financial systems and levels of financial liberalization, using the Economic and Monetary Union as an example because it combined full liberalization of the capital market within the zone a well as in relations with the outside. We have considered the need or desirability of regulating the global capital market in order to limit economic and financial instability. The Monetary Union remains the most affected region by the crisis, where growth stagnates and political crises follow one another, because its structural flaws have been revealed: growing economic divergences accentuated by the single currency, the lack of institutions management of banking, financial and economic crises, the lack of a unifying culture.In this economic space, the capital flows freely, the separation between the monetary space and the fiscal space is very clear, the budgetary transfers and the sharing of the debt are impossible, as well as the prohibition of the monetary financing. The purpose of this work is to show that all this prevents the coordination of economic and financial cycles, and leaves some doubt about the possibility of survival of the area
Antunes, Camille. "Le rôle, l'importance et l'implication de la Turquie dans la construction de l'Europe de la défense : perspectives et opportunités." Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863870.
Full textSequeiros, Tizon Julio Gaspar. "L'intégration économique de l'Espagne à la Communauté Économique Européenne : une étude des relations centre-périphérie en Europe." Montpellier 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MON10008.
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