Journal articles: 'Uniforms, Military, in art'

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Bayer, Martin. "Perceiving Chameleons." Membrana Journal of Photography, Vol. 1, no. 1 (2016): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47659/m1.066.art.

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For centuries, military uniforms had been colourful to differentiate friend from foe on the battlefield, but also as a distinguishing feature towards civil society. With technological progress and the advent of both aviation and improved photography a century ago, camouflage became a necessity. Artists and zoologists played a huge role in developing camouflage patterns. Today, most nations have a distinct national camouflage, and often, specific services or special forces have their very own uniforms as a sign of distinction. Nevertheless, many patterns can be traced back to the 1930s and 1940s. While fooling an observer is at the heart of military camouflage, it remains to be ambivalent, with its roles ranging from a desired cloak of invisibility to an indicator of power and prowess. In the past decades, camouflage has become synonymous with the military, and simultaneously, a global icon on its own, a political statement and an aspect of fashion.

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Furneaux, Holly, and Sue Prichard. "Contested Objects: Curating Soldier Art." Museum and Society 13, no. 4 (November 1, 2015): 447–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29311/mas.v13i4.346.

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Joseph Rawdon’s account of his making of a military quilt incorporates an emotionalobject biography of a kind typically attached to this kind of material. He recallsthe long period of production, an investment of physical and emotional labourof a different, but related, order to the effort of his dead colleagues, those ‘poorfellows that fought hard for their country and fell in the struggle’, and whose thensurplus uniforms contribute to the fabric of the patchwork. In this co-authoredarticle we draw upon objects like that produced by Rawdon, and the narrativesthat accompany them, to explore the value and challenges of curating objectsproduced by soldiers in wartime. Focusing on patchwork produced by Victorianmilitary men, we seek to extend the understanding of trench art, in terms ofchronology and form.

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Kamygina, Galina A. "PRODUCTION ACTIVITY JEWELLERY ARTELS OF THE UPPER VOLGA REGION DURING THE SECOND WORLD WAR." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 2 (2020): 120–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2020-26-2-120-125.

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The activity of jewellery and art artels during the War is almost not covered in Soviet historiography because of the specifi cs of this industry. The proposed article analyses the change in the composition of jewellery artels of the Upper Volga region in the period of 1941-1945. The contribution of cooperatives to the supply of clothing to the Red Army is examined. Particular attention is paid to providing civilians with such specifi c goods as jewellery and art products. To study this issue, little-studied archival sources were used; some of them were declassifi ed only recently. In general, the products of jewellery cooperatives of the Upper Volga region during World War II can be divided into several groups: 1. Items that continued the tradition of local art crafts: jewellery and art products (earrings, brooches, cigarette cases, decoration buttons, etc.) 2. Metal haberdashery: metal dishes, metal pads on bags and briefcases, etc. 3. Military products: insignia and buttons for military uniforms, parts for gas masks and parachutes, medical equipment.

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Ugolini, L. "The Illicit Consumption of Military Uniforms in Britain, 1914-1918." Journal of Design History 24, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jdh/epr004.

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Королькова, Елена, and Elena Korol'kova. "CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANIES’ EMPLOYEES ACCORDING TO USA UNIFORM CODE OF MILITARY JUSTICE." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 4, no. 5 (November 26, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/art.2018.5.17.

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Zhang, SJ. "“Not Altogether Ridiculous”." Representations 155, no. 1 (2021): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2021.155.2.29.

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Spanning a long literary history, from 1742 to 1934, this essay argues for the military epaulette as an important material signifier through which the arbitrary nature of rank and colonial authority was revealed and challenged. This essay connects the anxieties attending the introduction of epaulettes in newly nationalized European armies to the historical and rhetorical impact of such uniforms on depictions of so-called Black chiefs, including Toussaint Louverture, Lamour Derance, and Nat Turner. In the context of eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century slave revolts and imperial and colonial war fronts, this otherwise semiotic feature of the military uniform was a catalyst for a particular kind of confrontation over authority of signification in the tug-of-war between rank and race. This essay tracks a consistent rhetoric of violence and ridicule in these confrontations as they appear in histories, novels, and plays. In the work of Walter Scott, Victor Hugo, William Wells Brown, and Martin Delany, attempts to read epaulettes produce a violent form of colonial desire that is only permitted when couched in the rhetoric of ridicule and the ridiculous. The essay’s final pages turn to the first half of the twentieth century, when the still violent stakes of subverting the uniform persist through an ambivalence stemming from the literal and figural “costuming” of the Black chief.

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Li, Li. "Uniformed Rebellion, Fabricated Identity: A Study of Social History of Red Guards in Military Uniforms during the Chinese Cultural Revolution and Beyond." Fashion Theory 14, no. 4 (December 2010): 439–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175174110x12792058833852.

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Grzybkowska, Teresa. "PROFESSOR ZDZISŁAW ŻYGULSKI JR.: AN OUTSTANDING PERSON, A GREAT PERSONALITY, A MUSEUM PROFESSIONAL, A RESEARCHER ON ANTIQUE WEAPONS, ORIENTAL ART AND EUROPEAN PAINTING (1921–2015)." Muzealnictwo 58, no. 1 (February 13, 2017): 2–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.5602.

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Professor Zdzisław Żygulski Jr. (1921–2015) was one of the most prominent Polish art historians of the second half of the 20th century. He treated the history of art as a broadly understood science of mankind and his artistic achievements. His name was recognised in global research on antique weapons, and among experts on Rembrandt and Leonardo da Vinci. He studied museums and Oriental art. He wrote 35 books, about 200 articles, and numerous essays on art; he wrote for the daily press about his artistic journeys through Europe, Japan and the United States. He illustrated his publications with his own photographs, and had a large set of slides. Żygulski created many exhibitions both at home and abroad presenting Polish art in which armour and oriental elements played an important role. He spent his youth in Lvov, and was expatriated to Cracow in 1945 together with his wife, the pottery artist and painter Eva Voelpel. He studied English philology and history of art at the Jagiellonian University (UJ), and was a student under Adam Bochnak and Vojeslav Molè. He was linked to the Czartoryski Museum in Cracow for his whole life; he worked there from 1949 until 2010, for the great majority of time as curator of the Arms and Armour Section. He devoted his whole life to the world of this museum, and wrote about its history and collections. Together with Prof. Zbigniew Bocheński, he set up the Association of Lovers of Old Armour and Flags, over which he presided from 1972 to 1998. He set up the Polish school of the study of militaria. He was a renowned and charismatic member of the circle of international researchers and lovers of militaria. He wrote the key texts in this field: Broń w dawnej Polsce na tle uzbrojenia Europy i Bliskiego Wschodu [Weapons in old Poland compared to armaments in Europe and the Near East], Stara broń w polskich zbiorach [Old weapons in Polish armouries], Polski mundur wojskowy [Polish military uniforms] (together with H. Wielecki). He was an outstanding researcher on Oriental art to which he dedicated several books: Sztuka turecka [Turkish art], Sztuka perska [Persian art], Sztuka mauretańska i jej echa w Polsce [Moorish art and its echoes in Poland]. Prof. Zdzisław Żygulski Jr. was a prominent educator who enjoyed great respect. He taught costume design and the history of art and interiors at the Academy of Fine Arts in Cracow, as well as Mediterranean culture at the Mediterranean Studies Department and at the Postgraduate Museum Studies at the UJ. His lectures attracted crowds of students, for whose needs he wrote a book Muzea na świecie. Wstęp do muzealnictwa [Museums in the world. Introduction to museum studies]. He also lectured at the Florence Academy of Art and at the New York University. He was active in numerous Polish scientific organisations such as PAU, PAN and SHS, and in international associations such as ICOMAM and ICOM. He represented Polish art history at general ICOM congresses many times. He was also active on diverse museum councils all over Poland.

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Suzdaltsev, Yevgeny, Peter Khromenkov, Pavel Chistov, and Irina Pavelyeva. "Applying the war historical re-enactment method in teaching historical painting." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 18111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021018111.

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Being an artist is not enough to make a piece of historical art. This requires a study, the deliverables of which allow creating a scientifically reliable composition. To put it otherwise, an artwork brought into existence in such a way can be created on an interdisciplinary basis, and it is not until then that it becomes educational. A study used in the educational process considerably increases the degree of professional competence of students. The authors of this article, being professors at the Fine Arts and Folk Crafts Department, Moscow Region State University, have employed a range of research methods as the basic ones. These include war historical re-enactment, case review of its research and organization in modern social and cultural settings, modeling and forecasting deliverables of students‘ artistic activities when creating historical paintings, and the method of expert evaluation. In order to trial war historical re-enactment as an academic research method together with the Department‘s students, art and research project “Neuchatel‘s Battalion at the Battle of Wagram” has been launched across the curriculum. The project incorporates stages of joint research and artistic work of academicians and students. During the project, a mechanism of inter-knowledge interaction is formed in the minds of students, which allows students to acquire historical knowledge about the Neuchatel battalion, Battle of Wagram, uniforms worn during the Napoleonic Wars, and the work of battle painters. Based on the above, the students acquire metadisciplinary skills they employ to create themed art in terms of traditional battle paintings by Alexander Averyanov, Peter von Hess, and Louis-Francois Lejeune. We have summarized the experience of employing the war historical re-enactment method in teaching students historical painting. It is reflected in the study guide students use to study military garments worn in the early 19th century and create themed works of art. Its contents are recommended for both teachers and students studying art to create student artworks consistent with traditional battle paintings.

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Santos, Gilda, Ana Barros, Cristina Oliveira, and Patrícia Ferreira. "Smart Acclimatization Textile Systems for Defence." Key Engineering Materials 812 (July 2019): 25–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.812.25.

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The development of active and/or passive systems for acclimatization of soldiers’ uniforms is seen as an important tool to guarantee soldiers’ comfort and, consequently, to improve their performance during military missions. Accordingly, this work aimed at the development of an innovative acclimatization textile system, comprising both active and passive technologies that can act as temperature regulators in response to environmental conditions and soldiers’ body needs. This study presents the main results achieved on the performance assessment of the developed textile system, with emphasis on comfort assessment determined through characterization of the selected materials in terms of physical properties and functionalities in laboratory conditions, characterization of biophysical parameters of the clothing ensemble in a climatic chamber and preliminary field tests in non-controlled environments. This paper summarizes a part of the activities and results of EDA (European Defence Agency)’s ACCLITEXSYS project.

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Kosykh, Tatiana. "Africa Begins at the Pyrenees? The Experience of Cross-Cultural Contact of British Soldiers in Andalusia 1810—1812." ISTORIYA 12, no. 7 (105) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840015315-5.

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In the late 18th and early 19th centuries, there was a presentation which was dominated in Britain about romantic Andalusia, which has hidden Islamic heritage of past centuries, and only the most courageous traveler can decide to take in a journey to it. With the beginning of the Napoleonic Wars and the Pyrenean campaign of the French army, everything had changed, and British soldiers became “travelers in red uniforms”. Some of them visited occupied by the French troops Andalusia in 1810—1812. This article attempts to view Andalusia as a “frontier” between Europe and Africa and to reconstruct the image of southwestern Spain in the narratives of British participants of military operations on the Iberian Peninsula. The author analyzes the peculiarities of the relationship of British officers with local inhabitants, as well as with soldiers of the enemy army, the French and the Poles, and reveals the specificity of the British perception of allies and enemies in Andalusia the context of the Spanish War of Independence.

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Shernock, Stanley. "Changing Uniforms." Criminal Justice Policy Review 28, no. 1 (July 27, 2016): 61–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0887403414565173.

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Most academic attention regarding military influence on policing has focused on critiques of the military model of policing and police militarization and has neglected to examine the relationship between the two institutions and the transferability of attributes and skills from the military to police. Military service itself, when examined, has been treated as an undifferentiated concept that has not distinguished the effects of organizational structure, leadership, and myriad roles and experiences on policing. This study, using data from a survey of law enforcement officers throughout a New England state, compares and analyzes how law enforcement officers and supervisors with and without military background and with and without deployment experience differ in their perspectives regarding both the positive as well as negative aspects of combat deployment on policing. As such, it has significant implications for both the reintegration and recruitment of combat-deployed veterans into police organizations.

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Dodd, Dianne. "Local Markers: Canada’s First World War Military Nurse Casualties." Canadian Journal of Health History 39, no. 2 (September 1, 2022): 235–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cjhh.2022-553-122021.

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Some 60-plus Canadian women who served as nursing sisters in the Canadian Army Medical Corps (CAMC) in the Great War died during their service and constituted the first female casualties of the new Canadian nation. Initially praised for their courage, but soon forgotten, professional nurses fit uneasily within the post-war dichotomy of male soldiers and mother-mourners. Seeing themselves as soldiers, nurses sought to highlight their service and their role in opening the way for a greater role for women in the Canadian military. In this article, the author examines commemorative initiatives for these nurse casualties at the local level, where personal and community sentiments were more likely to be expressed than at the national level. Official bodies, principally the Imperial (later Commonwealth) War Graves Commission (WGC) and the Canadian military, bestowed military funerals and WGC tombstones on nurses – something that surprised many community and family observers. Still, in according nurses identical treatment to their male counterparts, officials ignored their role as the first female military officers. Nurses themselves and their families, colleagues, and communities showed no such reticence. Families added personal inscriptions onto uniform WGC tombstones, which provided a window of understanding on early nurse/military officers’ view of their service, and erected their own tombstones and plaques. Communities afforded nurses a prominent role in local initiatives, often placing nurses’ names at the head of town cenotaphs. They also told their stories at local museums, kept their records, and even featured them in performance art. Towns, colleagues, local historians, families, and artists, enriched by the record keeping and devotion of nurses’ descendants, have ensured the nurses’ stories have been kept alive.

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Peoples, Sharon. "Embodying the military: Uniforms." Critical Studies in Men's Fashion 1, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 7–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/csmf.1.1.7_1.

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Hu, Ting-Chen, Jason C. H. Chen, Gino K. Yang, and Cheng-Wei Chen. "Development of a Military Uniform Size System Using Hybrid Support Vector Clustering with a Genetic Algorithm." Symmetry 11, no. 5 (May 13, 2019): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11050665.

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Military uniforms serve as an essential symbol for servicemen and an important image of national and military dignity. The current military uniform size system in Taiwan, which features various types of military uniforms based on the body sizes of servicemen, was formulated in 1986. This size classification system includes numerous groups and is too complex, leading to inventory overstock, increased inventory cost and warehouse staff workload, and a waste of national defense resources. This study used support vector clustering (SVC) with genetic algorithm (GA) models to improve the upper garment size system for uniforms. The SVC technique was employed to classify sizes, and the GA technique was used to determine optimal parameter values for the SVC model. This paper developed an upper garment size system that can increase the fit of uniforms to servicemen’s body sizes and reduce the number of size groups, thereby alleviating warehouse staff workload and inventory cost.

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Davies, Nicola. "Military Fabrics: A Matter of Life and Death." AATCC Review 20, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14504/ar.20.3.2.

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Military combat uniforms are primarily designed with the goal of increasing the combat effectiveness of the soldiers who wear them. Incorporating features such as camouflage patterns to make them less likely to be spotted in certain terrains, and flame-resistance to reduce their vulnerability to fire, military uniforms can literally be a matter of life and death. Today, technological advances have drastically increased the features that can be incorporated into the fabric of military outfits to give soldiers an even greater advantage.

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Lipow, Jonathan, Yosef Mealem, and Yossef Tobol. "SHOULD MILITARY UNIFORMS CARRY THE UNION LABEL?" Defence and Peace Economics 20, no. 1 (February 2009): 11–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10242690801962262.

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Pfanner, Toni. "Military uniforms and the law of war." Revue Internationale de la Croix-Rouge/International Review of the Red Cross 86, no. 853 (March 2004): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1560775500180113.

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Leach, Christopher. "Uniforms and Commercial Culture: Constructing a Vision of Warfare in Pre-Great War Britain." Cultural History 10, no. 1 (April 2021): 31–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cult.2021.0230.

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Uniforms carry cultural meaning shaped by their interaction with military realities. They can communicate tradition but also anticipate change. Prior to the Great War, British Army uniforms had developed from the familiar red tunic to khaki, but the manner of their representation in the mass culture confirmed a continuity and correctness of the British way of war that ran against the emerging industrialization of warfare. Wearing familiar uniforms linked to the past and concurrently fighting what seemed like anachronistic ‘small wars’ in empire as reported in the press, what awaited the volunteers of 1914–15 could not have been anticipated by those consumers of the commercial culture. This article uses a variety of sources, from the illustrated adult and juvenile press, paintings, and toys, to reveal the link between uniforms and the representation of warfare in the fifty years prior to the Great War. In that representation we see not just the glorification of war that cultural historians attach to gendered, imperialist, or nationalist meanings. This article argues that the role of uniforms in the representation of warfare was a means by which to make it knowable and worthwhile for the consumer public. But by representing past and contemporary uniforms quite accurately, the writers and artists imposed a sense of military continuity at a time when war was changing.

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Yun, Eul-yo. "Study of Camouflage Pattern on World Military Uniforms." Journal of Communication Design 69 (October 31, 2019): 369–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.25111/jcd.2019.69.29.

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West, Gordon F., Marisol Resendiz, Michael B. Lustik, and Md A. Nahid. "Comparing colony-forming units in inpatient nurses: Should military nurses who provide patient care wear hospital-provided scrubs?" Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 39, no. 11 (August 29, 2018): 1316–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ice.2018.212.

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AbstractObjectiveTo compare bacterial contamination of military-approved uniforms and hospital-provided scrubs donned by nursing staff in an inpatient setting.DesignRandomized experimental crossover study.SettingLarge academic military medical center.MethodsInpatient units were randomized to predetermine the order of uniform sampling. Participants included nursing staff who provided direct patient care across 7 eligible inpatient units. Sampling of 6 designated sites on the uniform was completed on arrival to work, at ~4 hours into their shift, and at the 8-hour time point, for a total of 18 samples. Sampling of each participant occurred on 2 separate occasions, once in a military-approved uniform, and once in hospital-provided scrubs. After 24 hours of incubation, a colony-counting machine was used to calculate the total colony-forming units (CFU) of the sample.ResultsAcross all time points, military-approved uniforms demonstrated a 2-fold bacterial increase at the abdominal site and 3-fold increases at the sleeve cuff and waist pocket regions compared to the same regions on hospital-provided scrubs.ConclusionNurses should be aware that bacteria are present at much higher levels on their personal military uniforms compared to hospital-provided scrubs. Additional research is needed to determine whether these findings are a function of wear, laundering, or environmental factors. Nurses should adhere to daily uniform washing to reduce bacterial load and minimize risk of nosocomial infections to the patients they care for.

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Tracy, Dale. "Tailor Made, Skylarking, and Making in the Humanities." University of Toronto Quarterly Forthcoming (July 16, 2021): e2021003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/utq.91.1.003.

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Reacting to the symbolic features and historical artefacts that invite institutional self-reflection at the Royal Military College (RMC), I created a performance project leading to two storytelling events. Everyday campus life at RMC already offers opportunities for cultivating a meta-perspective—a higher-order awareness—of the institution, and the storytelling events called attention to such opportunities. I argue that, likewise, art-based projects in the humanities call attention to the creativity—the making—involved in the humanities more broadly. The first storytelling event, Tailor Made (2017), comprised stories focused on the uniform as a model and the body wearing it as an actual bearing out that model. Social and cultural life is made of the difference between models and actuals, and each story engaged the ways that rules, systems, and practices meet with individuals in hurtful, inconvenient, funny or messy ways. The second event, Skylarking (2018), included stories of the institutionally condoned pranks called “skylarks” and coincidentally occurred against the backdrop of a campus-wide punishment that elicited a skylark response. This event and its context showed that marking disruption with more disruption (marking failure with punishment and marking punishment with prank) is a recursion that invites higher-order thinking about existing orders.

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Tayara, Hilal, and Kil Chong. "Object Detection in Very High-Resolution Aerial Images Using One-Stage Densely Connected Feature Pyramid Network." Sensors 18, no. 10 (October 6, 2018): 3341. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18103341.

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Object detection in very high-resolution (VHR) aerial images is an essential step for a wide range of applications such as military applications, urban planning, and environmental management. Still, it is a challenging task due to the different scales and appearances of the objects. On the other hand, object detection task in VHR aerial images has improved remarkably in recent years due to the achieved advances in convolution neural networks (CNN). Most of the proposed methods depend on a two-stage approach, namely: a region proposal stage and a classification stage such as Faster R-CNN. Even though two-stage approaches outperform the traditional methods, their optimization is not easy and they are not suitable for real-time applications. In this paper, a uniform one-stage model for object detection in VHR aerial images has been proposed. In order to tackle the challenge of different scales, a densely connected feature pyramid network has been proposed by which high-level multi-scale semantic feature maps with high-quality information are prepared for object detection. This work has been evaluated on two publicly available datasets and outperformed the current state-of-the-art results on both in terms of mean average precision (mAP) and computation time.

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Tracy, Dale. "Tailor Made, Skylarking, and Making in the Humanities." University of Toronto Quarterly 91, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 88–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/utq.91.1.03.

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Reacting to the symbolic features and historical artefacts that invite institutional self-reflection at the Royal Military College (RMC), I created a performance project leading to two storytelling events. Everyday campus life at RMC already offers opportunities for cultivating a meta-perspective – a higher-order awareness – of the institution, and the storytelling events called attention to such opportunities. I argue that, likewise, art-based projects in the humanities call attention to the creativity – the making – involved in the humanities more broadly. The first storytelling event, Tailor Made (2017), comprised stories focused on the uniform as a model and the body wearing it as an actual bearing out that model. Social and cultural life is made of the difference between models and actuals, and each story engaged the ways in which rules, systems, and practices meet with individuals in hurtful, inconvenient, funny, or messy ways. The second event, Skylarking (2018), included stories of the institutionally condoned pranks called “skylarks” and coincidentally occurred against the backdrop of a campus-wide punishment that elicited a skylark response. This event and its context showed that marking disruption with more disruption (marking failure with punishment and marking punishment with prank) is a recursion that invites higher-order thinking about existing orders.

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Park, Ga Young. "Chingunyeong and military uniforms of the Qing dynasty style." Journal of Korean Traditional Costume 25, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.16885/jktc.2022.12.25.4.37.

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Bernardes, Margarida Maria Rocha, Alexandre Barbosa de Oliveira, Sônia Kaminitz, Antônio Marcos Tosoli Gomes, Sérgio Corrêa Marques, and Fernando Rocha Porto. "The Brazilian Army nurses' uniforms: visual identity in World War II." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 72, no. 1 (February 2019): 111–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0414.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the symbolic effects of the official military uniform of the nurses from Brazilian Army in World War II. Method: This research was developed using the historical method, with iconographic sources. The data were discussed based on the concepts of the social world theory, by Pierre Bourdieu. Results: The images selected demonstrate the own meaning of the uniforms, evidencing the functions and the social position of those who wear it, being private and obligatory to use it in the military field. Final considerations: In the case of the nurses from the Brazilian Expeditionary Force, the appropriation of uniforms promoted the visual communication representing military nurse in the context of war, at the same time it served for distinction purposes in the army, but not necessarily in the nursing field. Symbolically, they remained amongst the walls of the barracks even after the end of the war and, thus, they remained unknown and marked by the symbols of forgetfulness.

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Abele, Iveta, Igors Sitvjenkins, Kalev Kuklane, and Ausma Vilumsone. "Evaluation of Thermal Resistance of the Military Sleeping Bags." Advanced Materials Research 1117 (July 2015): 299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1117.299.

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Military sleeping bags are envisaged for intensive use during military actions. They have extra properties that provide protection for military staff. In cold climatic conditions when sleeping bags are used for rest soldiers’s combat ability and survival depends on the thermal insulation properties of material technical resources (gear) and clothing.Aim of the research is to establish the extreme temperature of military sleeping bags and military uniforms complete sets, to find the optimal set and define conformity to NATO AECTP-230 “Climatic conditions” cold climate categories C0 – C1.

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Behm, Jessica J. "Silhouettes of War: Technologies of U.S. Soldiering and Surveillance." Culture Unbound 2, no. 1 (March 5, 2010): 37–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.102437.

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This paper forwards a theory of silhouetting in relation to technological augmentation in U.S. Military uniforms and suggests that the increasing utilization of metamaterials, nanotechnology, and surveillance technologies operates under a rhetoric of invisibility that complicates the technologies’ visible destruction. Methodologically, the paper attends to three general technological developments in the evolution of the U.S. Army uniform: the design of the new Army Combat Uniform (ACU); the technological advances in the uniform, including embedded wearables, biometric identification devices, and 3D combat enhancement systems; and the bio-networking, GPS, and digital communication arrays that physically link digital uniforms to a larger geopolitical network of U.S. military strategy and surveillance. Throughout, the work traces the aforementioned theory of silhouetting in relation to select sociopolitical consequences of linking digitally enhanced soldiers into a transnational grid of surveillance.

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Guţan, Sabin. "The Meaning of the Term Noncombatant in International Humanitarian Law – Interpretation of the Provision of Article 37/1/c of the Additional Protocol I of Geneva of 1977." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 28, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/kbo-2022-0008.

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Abstract Fundamental to the correct application of the rules of international humanitarian law are the understanding and implementation of the principle of distinction between combatants and civilians (and other protected persons). This principle has evolved over time, from strict rules of differentiation (wearing a uniform or a fixed distinctive sign; carrying the arms openly), to a minimalistic reformulation of the conditions for recognition of combatant status and the right to be a prisoner of war, by the provisions of art. 44 of the Additional Protocol I of 1977 (carrying his arms openly when the combatant is preparing or participating in military actions and is in sight of the opponent, even if he does not wear distinctive signs). These provisions are very important for the correct definition of the notions of combatant, non-combatant and civilian and for the proper identification of cases of perfidy which represent war crimes. The biggest problem in the application of these norms, for the Romanian armed forces, is the legal translation and interpretation of international treaties when the Romanian legislator adopts them. We find such a situation in the case of Article 37/1/c of the Additional Protocol I of Geneva of 1977 regarding the prohibition of perfidy in connection with the use of the notions of civilian and non-combatant.

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Zopf, Stephanie Flores, and Michael Manser. "Screen-printed Military Textiles for Wearable Energy Storage." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 11, no. 3 (September 2016): 155892501601100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/155892501601100303.

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Textile-based supercapacitors incorporated into military uniforms enable the autonomy of wearable, physiological sensors that can be safer and more comfortable for the Warfighter. Previously, researchers have incorporated supercapacitor electrode components into common textiles such as cotton and polyester, but not in military-relevant textiles that have different fabric characteristics. In order to understand how current uniforms could be transformed into energy storage, a baseline for incorporating aforesaid components onto military textiles is needed. This paper describes how screen printing was used to assess the feasibility of the technique to incorporate electrode ink comprised of activated carbon and an acrylic binder onto military relevant textiles. Sheet resistance was used as a metric to evaluate the quality of screen prints, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to investigate the behavior of the most promising screen printed textile electrode using ionic liquid electrolyte (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate) and graphene foil as current collectors. It was found that the electrode ink favored military textiles that had a tighter weave and were partially composed of nylon. Screen printed spandex woven textiles were found to have the highest conductivity, attaining areal and gravimetric capacitances of 20 mF/cm2 and 4.21 F/gcarbon, respectively.

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Myerly, Scott Hughes, and Thomas S. Abler. "Hinterland Warriors and Military Dress: European Empires and Exotic Uniforms." Journal of Military History 65, no. 1 (January 2001): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2677460.

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MATSUSHITA, YOSHIHIRO. "Apparel Part #1, Westernization of Japanese Military and Other Uniforms." Sen'i Gakkaishi 74, no. 10 (October 10, 2018): P—517—P—523. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.74.p-517.

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Morris, John V. "The Dyeing, Finishing and Performance of Fabrics for Military Uniforms." Review of Progress in Coloration and Related Topics 11, no. 1 (October 23, 2008): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1981.tb03711.x.

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Dāboliņa, Inga, Ausma Viļumsone, and Eva Lapkovska. "ANTHROPOMETRIC PARAMETRIZATION OF UNIFORMS FOR ARMED FORCES." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 3 (June 15, 2017): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol3.2519.

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Planning manufacture of uniforms decisions must be taken as to how many and in what size a particular model series should be manufactured, how they should be labeled and to what body-dimensions garment sizes should correspond. The purpose of anthropometric parametrization is to introduce garment size classification for mass production clothing, so as to representatively depict wearers’ body figure diversity. It is in the interests of manufacturers (design time and costs, logistics etc.) and buyers/procurement service alike to confine themselves with a minimum garment sizes and to use a possibly less complicated garment size classification. The aim of this research is to gather different impact factors for anthropometric parametrization for Uniforms of Armed Forces. Research is formed from anthropometric data and end user survey exploring data set of 150 soldiers. Anthropometrics are performed by non-contact anthropometric methods (3D anthropometrical scanner Vitus Smart XXL® is used in the study), data processing automation systems, pattern making CAD/CAM systems, etc. National Armed Forces (NAF) technical specification provides for manufacture of a wide range of garment sizes (by height indifference interval of 6 cm). Manufacturers labeling system and charts of finished products are subjected to comparative analysis and evaluation of corresponding standard recommendations is included. The study indicates the need to optimize the currently used anthropometry method in the Latvian Army, anthropometric data registration and application, thus improving the performance of military personnel and the procurement process and the use of resources, thus promoting resource planning and environmental protection. Also improvements are needed in uniform labeling and instructing of the military personnel on selection of uniform and equipment components. Proper anthropometric parametrization and labeling of Uniforms for Armed Forces would minimize expenses of Uniforms as well as the negative waste impact to the environment.

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Васильєва, О. С., К. Л. Пашкевич, І. В. Васильєва, and М. В. Колосніченко. "ЕВОЛЮЦІЯ ШКІЛЬНОГО ФОРМЕНОГО ОДЯГУ В АНГЛІЇ ТА ФРАНЦІЇ XVI-XХ СТ." Art and Design, no. 2 (September 21, 2020): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30857/2617-0272.2020.2.4.

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The purpose of the article is to retrace the main stages of the formation of uniforms in European educational institutions in the XVI – XХ centuries and the transformation of such uniforms into a modern school uniform. Methodological basis of research is approach of the systems, methods comparatively – historical and art analysis. The main stages of the formation of a school uniform for boys and girls are determined. The main types of school suits of the XVI – XX centuries of England and France investigated. The conducted researches have shown that school uniforms reflected the social roles, the student’s studies. The distinctive logos of school uniform suit of countries of Europe are investigational. The origin of school uniforms for girls was also study and the features of its development in educational institutions in England and France of the XVI – XX centuries were determined. The scientific novelty is to consist in determining the main stages in the formation of school uniforms of the XVI – XX centuries of England and France and their types. The obtained results of the research can used in the training of specialists in the field of clothing design and in the design of modern collections of school uniforms based on the historical school costume of the XVI-XX centuries.

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Smith, Lieutenant Commander Ursula, and Colonel Daniel J. Lecce. "Litigating National Security Cases under The United States Uniform Code of Military Justice." Journal of International Peacekeeping 20, no. 3-4 (August 17, 2016): 250–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18754112-02003007.

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This paper will discuss classified litigation procedures in United States Military Courts-Martial, governed by Military Rule of Evidence 505 and the Uniform Code of Military Justice. The differences between United States Federal Court procedures and United States Military Commissions, governed by the Classified Information Privilege Act (cipa) and Military Commissions Rule of Evidence 505, are also discussed. Finally, best practices and selected military cases regarding espionage are presented.

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Krishnan, M., and G. Kannan. "Polygon Shaped 3G Mobile Band Antennas for High Tech Military Uniforms." Advanced Electromagnetics 5, no. 3 (November 11, 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v5i3.365.

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Smart Textiles integrated with communicating components have been used in military for many applications. Wearable antenna can be attached or embedded into smart textiles which could be used for communication between combat soldiers in the battlefield. This paper presents the design of three different polygon shaped patch antenna operating on 3G Mobile Band frequency 2100 MHz embedded on three different dielectric constant materials for Military applications. The proposed polygon shaped patch antenna introduces horizontal slit in its patch to improve the antenna performance. The effect of slit length and slit width on the antenna performance is analyzed.

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MELLO, DANIELLI, Bruno Henrique Canabarro, João Vitor Poiatti, Gabriel Rebouças, Josué Mendes, Vitor Azeredo, Eduardo Borba Neves, Rodrigo Vale, and Manuel Sillero. "Effect Of Two Different Types Of Military Uniforms On Skin Temperature." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 53, no. 8S (August 2021): 353–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000763352.04238.7a.

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Amon, Maria Patrice. "Candy coloured ponies and pastel uniforms: Military Bronies and masculine innocence." Journal of Fandom Studies 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jfs.4.1.89_1.

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West, Gordon F., Marisol Resendiz, Michael B. Lustik, and Md A. Nahid. "Bacterial Contamination of Military and Civilian Uniforms in an Emergency Department." Journal of Emergency Nursing 45, no. 2 (March 2019): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2018.10.005.

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Toktarbayeva, A. T., R. O. Zhilisbayeva, and A. A. Talaspayeva. "Analysis of the Research of Packages of Materials for Military Uniforms." Journal of Almaty Technological University, no. 4 (December 24, 2022): 165–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.48184/2304-568x-2022-4-165-173.

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Steffens, Fernanda, Sharon Erckmann Gralha, Iêda Letícia S. Ferreira, and Fernando Ribeiro Oliveira. "Military Textiles - An Overview of New Developments." Key Engineering Materials 812 (July 2019): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.812.120.

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Textiles for military clothing face a complex set of challenges. They must provide protection, durability and comfort in a wide range of hostile environments. The general requirements of military textiles include damage resistance, comfort, sweat management, cold-weather conditions and the integration of high-tech materials into uniforms. This paper discusses the main concepts regarding the application of textiles in military uses, where the surrounding environments such as desert, jungle or extremely cold areas as well as the nature of the situations involved pose a threat to the soldier’s safety. Therefore, the improvement and development of fibrous materials, textile structures and finishing processes can bring new perspectives for saving lives.

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Petre, Razvan, Teodora Zecheru, Nicoleta Petrea, Raluca Ginghina, Simona Sandu, Mihaela Muresan, Liviu Cristian Matache, Alin Constantin Sava, and Florentina Neatu. "Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Polyurea-Based Hybrid Composites for Ballistic Individual Protection." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 315–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.3.5020.

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During conûict situations, the combat staff is exposed to a wide variety of aggressions, such as temperature and pressure variations and dynamic impacts (from ammunition or fragments). Textiles used in the manufacture of the military uniforms and devices have always played an important role in defending the military against these hazards, and an adequate level of individual protection equipment is required. In this respect, novel fibre-reinforced polymer composite materials for military application, such as reducing blunt trauma for ballistic protection equipment, have been studied in terms of thermal and mechanical properties and ballistic protection, obtaining very good results.

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Gale, Chris. "Disciplinary Uniformity in Uniform—A Success of the Human Rights Act 1998?" Journal of Criminal Law 72, no. 2 (April 2008): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1350/jcla.2008.72.2.489.

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Apart from an awareness of shameful treatment to some shell-shocked soldiers on active duty in the First World War, the subjects of military discipline in general and courts-martial in particular are unlikely to permeate the consciousness of the public at large or, indeed, the vast majority of criminal lawyers. This article explores some of the history of both, the current position in relation to courts-martial and the planned reforms under the Armed Forces Act 2006. That the Human Rights Act 1998 exposed some of the anomalities and worst practices of courts-martial is undeniable. It seems equally likely that the 1998 Act was at least a catalyst for the wholesale review and modernisation of military discipline carried out by the 2006 Act.

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Logatkin, Stanislav M., Andrey B. Yudin, Leonid P. Terentyev, Dmitry A. Altov, and Anatoly A. Vlasov. "Development of hygienic properties doctrine for clothing and shoes citing previous Academicians of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Academy of Medical Sciences, Fedor Grigorievich Krotkov." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 24, no. 3 (October 15, 2022): 605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma107984.

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The data on the initial testing stage of clothing, shoes, and combat equipment in the Research Testing Center of Military Medicine and Military Medical Equipmentthe replacement of the Research Sanitary Institute of the Red Army. A brief historical information about the hygienic research of materials for clothing and clothing itself in Russia was provided. The fundamental study basis of clothing and footwear conducted by F.G. Krotkov were the works of many of his predecessors scientists of the Military Medical Academy and heads of the oldest hygiene department in Russia (Professors A.P. Dobroslavin, V.A. Levashev, P.E. Kalmykov, N.F. Galanin et al.). Additionally, three research directions were formed as the clothing doctrine gradually developed. The first was concerned about the materials research for clothing creation, second was the study of the created clothing with the help of devices in the laboratory, and the third was the study of the functional state of the human body in the evaluated clothes. The role of F.G. Krotkothe first head of the hygienic department of the said institute in the formation of requirements for clothing and footwear of military personnel. F.G. Krotkov conducted a hygienic assessment of hats adopted in the Red Army in 1931; in 1932, he examined the fabrics of military uniforms; in 1935, hygienic requirements for the mountain troops uniforms were developed with his direct participation; and in 1936 ski units. A hygienic assessment of the uniform of military personnel was carried out in the shortest possible time in 1941 under his leadership. The hygienic requirements for clothing and footwear were formulated by F.G. Krotkov based on the results of these experimental studies. The relevance of the developed requirements for clothing and footwear in the present time is noted.

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Proctor, Susan P., Alexis L. Maule, Kristin J. Heaton, and Gina E. Adam. "Permethrin exposure from fabric-treated military uniforms under different wear-time scenarios." Journal of Exposure Science & Environmental Epidemiology 24, no. 6 (October 9, 2013): 572–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jes.2013.65.

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Shashoua, Yvonne, and Irene Skals. "Development of a conservation strategy for a collection of waterproofed military uniforms." Conservator 28, no. 1 (January 2004): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01410096.2004.9995204.

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Dektisa, Andrian. "Parody Idioms in the Visual Characteristics of KNIL Andjing NICA Reenactors." International Journal of Creative and Arts Studies 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2017): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/ijcas.v2i1.1436.

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This research is to study the phenomena of wearing military costumes of the past as an alternative ‘means’ of visual communication. People in Indonesia like old military costumes and celebrate them as reenactors (a name for the wearers of old military uniforms) in various social activities that can be categorized into two types of stage, namely main and parallel stage. The main stage is related to learning military history, while parallel stage correlates to euphoria for military fashion. Both stages become an expression of mockery toward postcolonial mimicry and create a cultural postcoloniality that takes place in the contemporary life in Indonesia. This research applies Rose’s visual method that emphasizes the aspect of site image itself by making interviews and getting observation data in the groups of KNIL Andjing NICA reenactors in Surabaya, Bojonegoro, Bandung, and Jakarta. It also applies Barthian semiotics unit analysis.

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Abu Radwan, Maha, and Muayyad Ahmad. "The Microorganisms on Nurses’ and Health Care Workers’ Uniforms in the Intensive Care Units." Clinical Nursing Research 28, no. 1 (June 19, 2017): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773817708934.

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The objective of this study was to identify the types of microorganisms present on uniforms of nurses, physicians, respiratory therapist, students, and housekeepers in intensive care units (ICUs). A convenience sampling was used to recruit the participants ( N = 115) who work at military hospital in Jordan. Environmental cultures ( N = 305) were taken from the participants who were nurses, physicians, students, respiratory therapists, and housekeepers. The number of participating nurses was 58 (50.43%). There were 24 types of microorganisms found on the participants’ uniforms. Staphylococcus epidermidis was found 59 times (61.3%) on the three areas of uniform culture. High level of contamination was found among all the participants, and it was the highest in physicians (85%) followed by nurse (79.3%) (χ2 = 24.87, p < .001). None of the participants’ characteristics have correlated significantly with the uniform contamination. High percentages of uniform’s contamination among all those who work in the ICUs were found.

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Frances, S. P., D. O. Mackenzie, R. Sferopoulos, and Bin Lee. "The Landing of Field Mosquitoes on Permethrin-Treated Military Uniforms in Queensland, Australia1." Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 30, no. 4 (December 2014): 312–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2987/14-6428r.1.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Uniforms, Military, in art'

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