Relevant bibliographies by topics / Unified theory of force

Academic literature on the topic 'Unified theory of force'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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Andrey, Chaykin. "Unified Theory of Force Fields (Electromagnetic and Gravitational)." World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 07, no. 01 (2017): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/wjcmp.2017.71003.

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Chernitskii, Alexander. "Gravitation in Unified Scalar Field Theory." Universe 7, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7010011.

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The scalar field of space-time film is considered as unified fundamental field. The field model under consideration is the space-time generalization of the model for a two-dimensional thin film. The force and metrical interactions between solitons are considered. These interactions correspond to the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions respectively. The metrical interaction and its correspondence to the gravitational one are considered in detail. The practical applications of this approach are briefly discussed.
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Chernitskii, Alexander A. "Gravitation in Unified Scalar Field Theory." Universe 7, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe7010011.

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The scalar field of space-time film is considered as unified fundamental field. The field model under consideration is the space-time generalization of the model for a two-dimensional thin film. The force and metrical interactions between solitons are considered. These interactions correspond to the electromagnetic and gravitational interactions respectively. The metrical interaction and its correspondence to the gravitational one are considered in detail. The practical applications of this approach are briefly discussed.
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Morrison, Margaret. "Reduction, Unity and the Nature of Science: Kant's Legacy?" Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement 63 (October 2008): 37–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1358246108000039.

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One of the hallmarks of Kantian philosophy, especially in connection with its characterization of scientific knowledge, is the importance of unity, a theme that is also the driving force behind a good deal of contemporary high energy physics. There are a variety of ways that unity figures in modern science—there is unity of method where the same kinds of mathematical techniques are used in different sciences, like physics and biology; the search for unified theories like the unification of electromagnetism and optics by Maxwell; and, more recently, the project of grand unification or the quest for a theory of everything which involves a reduction of the four fundamental forces (gravity, electromagnetism, weak and strong) under the umbrella of a single theory. In this latter case it is thought that when energies are high enough, the forces (interactions), while very different in strength, range and the types of particles on which they act, become one and the same force. The fact that these interactions are known to have many underlying mathematical features in common suggests that they can all be described by a unified field theory. Such a theory describes elementary particles in terms of force fields which further unifies all the interactions by treating particles and interactions in a technically and conceptually similar way. It is this theoretical framework that allows for the prediction that measurements made at a certain energy level will supposedly indicate that there is only one type of force. In other words, not only is there an ontological reduction of the forces themselves but the mathematical framework used to describe the fields associated with these forces facilitates their description in a unified theory. Specific types of symmetries serve an important function in establishing these kinds of unity, not only in the construction of quantum field theories but also in the classification of particles; classifications that can lead to new predictions and new ways of understanding properties like quantum numbers. Hence, in order to address issues about unification and reduction in contemporary physics we must also address the way that symmetries facilitate these processes.
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Antoniadis, I. "Quarks and a unified theory of Nature fundamental forces." International Journal of Modern Physics A 30, no. 02 (January 20, 2015): 1530015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x1530015x.

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Quarks were introduced 50 years ago opening the road towards our understanding of the elementary constituents of matter and their fundamental interactions. Since then, a spectacular progress has been made with important discoveries that led to the establishment of the Standard Theory that describes accurately the basic constituents of the observable matter, namely quarks and leptons, interacting with the exchange of three fundamental forces, the weak, electromagnetic and strong force. Particle physics is now entering a new era driven by the quest of understanding of the composition of our Universe such as the unobservable (dark) matter, the hierarchy of masses and forces, the unification of all fundamental interactions with gravity in a consistent quantum framework, and several other important questions. A candidate theory providing answers to many of these questions is string theory that replaces the notion of point particles by extended objects, such as closed and open strings. In this short note, I will give a brief overview of string unification, describe in particular how quarks and leptons can emerge and discuss what are possible predictions for particle physics and cosmology that could test these ideas.
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Ji, Jing, Wen Fu Zhang, and Hai Yan Sui. "Experimental Verification on Bearing Capacity of Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Short Columns Based on Unified Theory." Advanced Materials Research 163-167 (December 2010): 1999–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.1999.

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To verify the rationality of calculation method on unified theory of concrete - filled steel tube short columns under axial force, Experimental Study on mechanical properties of the 12 concrete -filled steel tube short columns with 7 different sections under axial force is preformed. Failure process and Failure mode of them are observed, load-displacement curves are obtained, and the influence for confinement coefficient ξ to the mechanical properties of short columns under axial load is analyzed. Based on load-displacement curves, ultimate bearing capacities of them are given. By comparison for ultimate bearing capacity obtained by testing and the bearing capacity according to unified theory, the results show both are in good agreement. Calculation method on unified theory of concrete - filled steel tube is fit for calculating ultimate bearing capacity of short columns under axial force with different sections, and the results are safe and reliable.
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Zhang, Pei, Huiting Xiong, and Junsheng Chen. "Unified Fundamental Formulas for Static Analysis of Pin-Jointed Bar Assemblies." Symmetry 12, no. 6 (June 10, 2020): 994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12060994.

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The initial axial forces of members—whatever caused by prestress or external loads—may strongly change the mechanical properties of pin-jointed bar assemblies, to enhance, or even establish their structural stiffness. The structural responses under external disturbance cannot be calculated accurately if the influence of initial axial forces has not been considered appropriately. In this paper, an analytic theory considering the effect of initial internal forces is developed on the basis of linear elasticity hypothesis. The fundamental formulas proposed finally include generalized equilibrium equations and generalized compatibility equations, both of which have square coefficient matrices of full rank being transposed with each other. Generally, this method can be regarded as an extended version of a traditional force method considering the stiffening effect of initial internal forces. Compared with the matrix force method, it has a wider application scenario since few redundant simplifications are employed in the derivation of the formulas. In comparison with the displacement-based algorithm, the proposed method has the inherent advantages of the force method—the physical concepts of each item in equations are fairly explicit; and the combination coefficients of self-stress states and mechanisms are determined simultaneously in solving the structural responses. Thus, it is very helpful for us to essentially comprehend the principle that the pin-jointed bar assemblies resist the external loads.
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Vayenas, Constantinos G. "The Standard Model (SM) and the goal of force unification." Open Access Government 37, no. 1 (January 6, 2023): 228–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-037-10539.

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The Standard Model (SM) and the goal of force unification The unification of gravitational, Strong and Weak Forces has been a long-sought goal [1-3]. In general, force unification refers to the idea that it is possible to view all of the forces of nature as manifestations of one single, all-encompassing force. Today, within the context of the Standard Model (SM) of elementary particles, [7] scientists seek to unify Gravity with the Strong force under a Grand Unified Theory which binds quarks together and is responsible for the stability of atomic nuclei. These efforts have not been successful yet, most likely because the SM neglects neutrinos [8,9], gravity [4], special relativity [10] and quantum mechanics [11].
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Lamsal, Min Raj. "Supersymmetry." Himalayan Physics 4 (December 23, 2013): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hj.v4i0.9432.

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This article deals with the introduction of supersymmetry as the latest and most emerging burning issue for the explanation of nature including elementary particles as well as the universe. Supersymmetry is a conjectured symmetry of space and time. It has been a very popular idea among theoretical physicists. It is nearly an article of faith among elementary-particle physicists that the four fundamental physical forces in nature ultimately derive from a single force. For years scientists have tried to construct a Grand Unified Theory showing this basic unity. Physicists have already unified the electron-magnetic and weak forces in an 'electroweak' theory, and recent work has focused on trying to include the strong force. Gravity is much harder to handle, but work continues on that, as well. In the world of everyday experience, the strengths of the forces are very different, leading physicists to conclude that their convergence could occur only at very high energies, such as those existing in the earliest moments of the universe, just after the Big Bang.The Himalayan Physics Vol. 4, No. 4, 2013 Page: 75-79 Uploaded date: 12/23/2013
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Song, Zhiqiang, Fei Wang, Yujie Liu, and Chenhui Su. "Infinite Element Static-Dynamic Unified Artificial Boundary." Shock and Vibration 2018 (July 5, 2018): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7828267.

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The method, which obtains a static-dynamic comprehensive effect from superposing static and dynamic effects, is inapplicable to large deformation and nonlinear elastic problems under strong earthquake action. The static and dynamic effects must be analyzed in a unified way. These effects involve a static-dynamic boundary transformation problem or a static-dynamic boundary unified problem. The static-dynamic boundary conversion method is tedious. If the node restraint reaction force caused by a static boundary condition is not applied, then the model is not balanced at zero moment, and the calculation result is distorted. The static numerical solution error is large when the structure possesses tangential static force in a viscoelastic static-dynamic unified boundary. This paper proposed a new static-dynamic unified artificial boundary based on an infinite element in ABAQUS to solve static-dynamic synthesis effects conveniently and accurately. The static and dynamic mapping theories of infinite elements were introduced. The characteristic of the infinite element, which has zero displacement at faraway infinity, was discussed in theory. The equivalent nodal force calculation formula of infinite element unified boundary was deduced from an external wave input. A calculation and application program of equivalent nodal forces was developed using the Python language to complete external wave inputting. This new method does not require a static and dynamic boundary transformation and import of stress field and constraint counterforce of boundary nodes. The static calculation precision of the infinite element unified boundary is more improved than the viscoelastic static-dynamic unified boundary, especially when the static load is in the tangential direction. In addition, the foundation simulation range of finite field can be significantly reduced given the utilization of the infinite element static dynamic unified boundary. The preciseness of static calculation and dynamic calculation and static-dynamic comprehensive analysis are unaffected.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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Baumgärtel, C., and Martin Tajmar. "The Planck Constant and the Origin of Mass due to a Higher Order Casimir Effect." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-237708.

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The Planck constant is one of the most important constants in nature, as it describes the world governed by quantum mechanics. However, it cannot be derived from other natural constants. We present a model from which it is possible to derive this constant without any free parameters. This is done utilizing the force between two oscillating electric dipoles described by an extension of Weber electrodynamics, based on a gravitational model by Assis. This leads not only to gravitational forces between the particles but also to a newly found Casimir-type attraction. We can use these forces to calculate the maximum point mass of this model which is equal to the Planck mass and derive the quantum of action. The result hints to a connection of quantum effects like the Casimir force and the Planck constant with gravitational ones and the origin of mass itself.
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Dyas, Scott Patrick. "A unified theory of engineering design." Texas A&M University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/4777.

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A theoretical model of design, that is universal and has a scientific basis, was developed. By doing so, it is believed that the practice of engineering design can be significantly improved. A better system of modeling designs is the missing ingredient that needs to be developed in order to improve the practice of design in the manner suggested above. Existing methodologies were reviewed to examine the current state of engineering design. This helped in developing a set of requirements for a new methodology. The potential for a scientific methodology to improve the practice of engineering design is also discussed. Developing a scientific theory of design, and showing that it meets these requirements was done to satisfy the objective. The theory takes the form of a conceptual model of design, which relates important aspects of the problem and the solution to facilitate a truly top-down hierarchical approach. A few examples are given to show how the methodology can be applied to real world design problems. As a result, a theoretical framework for design was created as a part of this research project. The new methodology, termed UTED (Unified Theory of Engineering Design), addresses many important aspects of design which are overlooked by other methodologies. A set of rules was developed, to guide the designer through the design, and allow a more scientific process to be used. Making design more scientific increases the likelihood of achieving a successful design. The primary conclusions are that the development of a scientific theory of design can be created that makes design processes faster and more efficient, and improves the quality of designs produced, meaning there is a strong potential for such a methodology to have a positive impact on the field of engineering design.
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Peng, Long. "A unified theory of tone-voice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/185871.

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This thesis studies the interactions of vowel tone with consonantal voice. Briefly, tone-voice interactions refer to: (i) voiced--not voiceless--onsets block high tone spreading; (ii) voiceless--not voiced--onsets block low tone spreading; (iii) sonorant onsets are transparent to both tonal processes. There are many variations to these archetypical patterns of tone-voice interactions. I argue that these variations as well as the archetypical patterns can receive a revealing account from the phonological theory. Specifically, this thesis explores the Prosodic Hypothesis of Tone-Voice, which claims: (i) tone must be represented prosodically (namely, tone is associated to mora); and (ii) tone-voice relations must be expressed by conditions (namely, path conditions, proposed in Archangeli and Pulleyblank (in prep)). By exploiting tonal representations and conditions on tone-voice, the Prosodic Hypothesis provides a principled account of tone-voice in Ngizim, Ewe, and Nupe. The result is a principled theory that unifies the known phonetic and phonological facts about tone-voice and that makes testable predictions about the nature and type of expected tone-voice interactions. In addition to tone-voice, this thesis investigates a range of theoretical issues from tonal representations, to onset representations, to the privative voicing theory to Grounded Phonology (Archangeli and Pulleyblank in prep.). I demonstrate that detailed formal analyses of tone-voice can not only uncover facts about tone-voice, but can also make important contributions to phonological theory.
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Evans, H. "A unified theory of inherited features." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1998. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28515/.

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There are two thrusts to this dissertation, one backward-looking, one forward. The first is that HPSG is a better minimalist theory than is attainable for the Principles and Parameters framework, given its programmatic goals and its commitment to move alpha as the central explanatory mechanism. The second is that there should be no artificial dichotomy between the inherited features which participate in unbounded dependencies. In the introductory chapter, I point out certain fundamental problems relating to the assumption that grammaticality is determined via conditions on movement operations, and provide a sketch of the importance of structure-sharing in HPSG, a theory which makes no appeal to movement. In chapter one, I present the evidence for a second wh-question feature, and extend Johnson and Lappin's treatment to account for the important "Subjacency in Japanese" data. In chapter two, I indicate certain flaws in Johnson and Lappin's approach, related to the fact that their account is not "head-driven" in having inherited features amalgamated through selecting heads. I suggest that this may be rectified while preserving a unified account of inheritance if LOCAL is retired, allowing full synsem structure-sharing between fillers and gaps. In chapter three, I present a feature amalgamation principle, and a revised NONLOCAL feature principle in order to determine conditions on inheritance. I point out severe difficulties associated with the decision to abandon a unified treatment of NONLOCAL features. In chapter, four, I present a cross-linguistic treatment of data relating to wh-question sentences in which I demonstrate the advantages of employing alternative repositories for the amalgamation of wh-question features -- rather than a two-level approach in which a wh-feature is reentrant as a syntactic trigger. This offers a natural extension of the J&L account, including a unified explanation of pied-piping and the restricted wh-in situ option in English, and Japanese Subjacency. In Chapter Five, I review certain difficulties with the account, and suggest that it is necessary to have more generalized lexical binding of SLASH in order to successfully dispense with complementizers. I show that the main claims, that NONLOCAL features are subject to amalgamation by selecting heads, with inheritance via structure-sharing, are sound and provide the basis for further research.
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Stout, Jason Coleman. "Towards a unified clinical science : a critical analysis of Henriques' Unified Theory of Psychology /." Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (1.18 MB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/doctorate/stoutjc/stoutjc_doctorate_07-07-2010.pdf.

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Astolfi, Michael T. "A unified theory of humor and its evolution." Thesis, Boston University, 2007. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/27578.

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Thesis (B.A.)--Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.
PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
2031-01-02
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Bolen, Bradley Cordell. "Stravinsky's Petroushka : a unified theory of harmonic progression /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p9983120.

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Pan, Jianhong. "A unified theory of hypothesis testing based on rankings." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9716.

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A unified theory of hypothesis testing based on the ranks of the data is proposed. A hypothesis testing problem often gives rise to two separate permutation sets corresponding to the data and to the alternative, respectively. By defining the distance between permutation sets as the average of all distances between pairs of permutations, one from each set, it is possible to obtain various test statistics. The limiting distributions of test statistics derived by the unified approach herein are obtained under both the null hypothesis and contiguous alternatives. The unified approach produces not only some well-known test statistics but also some new yet plausible test statistics. The corresponding results are extensions of the simple linear rank statistics defined by Hajek and Sidak (1967) to the generalized linear rank statistics and of the two-sample case to the multi-sample case. Furthermore, a combined method was developed for the case of composite alternatives.
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Austin, Clayton Daniel. "Toward a Unified Theory of Cognition: A Kantian Analysis." UNF Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/107.

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The goal of this paper is to provide classroom teachers a more unified theory of cognition. The current cognitive theories of information processing, schema theory, and constructivism exhibit limitations and a lack of cohesion that make their implications for teachers unclear. This paper will be presented in five sections. 1) The first describes problems with current cognitive theories and the need for a unified theory of cognition 2) The second provides a review of the literature of current cognitive theories. 3) The third section consists of research in the history of cognitive theory both in philosophy and psychology. 4) The fourth describes how a fresh look at the philosophy of Immanuel Kant can provide a more unified cognitive theory to educational psychology. 5) Finally, the paper offers specific implications for instruction under these headings: Teachers should describe the concept to be taught as a rule. Teachers should introduce the concept rule by experience or by example. Teachers should use the concept rule as a framework for effective questioning. Teachers should describe the rule with abstract language only after students have understood the rule.
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Sanders, Bryan Philip. "Toward a Unified Computer Learning Theory: Critical Techno Constructivism." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2019. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/901.

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Why did we ever purchase computers and place them along the wall or in the corner of a classroom? Why did we ever ask students to work individually at a computer? Why did we ever dictate that students should play computer games or answer questions built from a narrow data set? And why are we still doing this with computers in classrooms today? This approach has contributed to a systemic problem of low student engagement in course materials and little inclusion of student voice, particularly for traditionally underrepresented students. New transformational tools and pedagogies are needed to nurture students in developing their own ways of thinking, posing problems, collaborating, and solving problems. Of interest, then, is the predominance in today’s classrooms of programmed learning and teaching machines that we dub 21st century learning. We have not yet fully harnessed the transformational power and potential of the technology that schools already possess and that many students are bringing on their own. This dissertation aims to address what is missing in best practices of technology in the classroom. Herein these pages will be performed a document analysis of cornerstone books written by John Dewey, Paulo Freire, and Seymour Papert. This analysis will be in the form of annotations comprised of the author’s experience as an experienced educator and researcher, and founded in the extant relevant theories of critical theory, technology, and constructivism. The three philosophers were selected for their contributions to constructivism and their urgings to liberate the student from an oppressive system. With a different approach to educational technology, students could be working towards something greater than themselves or the coursework, something with a passionate purpose derived from student inquiry. Instead of working at the computer and having a “one and done” experience, students could be actively transforming their studies and their world. And instead of reifying existing social and racial inequities outside of the classroom through the large computer purchases and the dominant culture attitudes and beliefs found in many software products and databases, we could be examining our practices and programs with a critical lens that allows us to question and seek more inclusive community strategies. The final chapter is about asking for, pushing for, and dreaming for new kinds of schools, classrooms, software, hardware, and new ways to think about and create new opportunities for students. Mixed reality, sometimes called augmented reality, is likely the anticipated future of computers in the classroom. We need to, very deeply and purposefully, mix up electronics with people. We are in a new era with new understandings of old issues showing up in old problems. A unified learning theory for computers, computing, and digital learning environments could help to redefine classroom spaces and class time, as well as graduation outcomes. The revolution will indeed be live on the Internet, but it will also be remixed and recreated by students organically and authentically pursuing their own truth.
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Books on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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Long, Richard C. The theory of the force of gravity and the unified field force: The force of gravity has never before been identified. [Mapleton, OR] (11794 Maple Ave., Mapleton, 97453): R.C. Long,[, 1991.

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Davies, P. C. W. Superforce: The search for a grand unified theory of nature. London: Penguin Books, 1995.

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Nature's blueprint: Supersymmetry and the search for a unified theory of matter and force. New York: Smithsonian Books, 2008.

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Pamfiloff, Eugene B. The theory of the order of the forces with the grand unifying theory and the fundamental particle. Danville, Calif: Danville Pub., 1999.

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Unified theory. Almonte Springs, FL: Coyote Press, 2001.

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Unified fluid dynamic theory of physics: A physical explanation of gravity, matter, electromagnetic forces, photons, the strong and weak forces, quantum mechanics, and much more. Bloomingon, Indiana: Authorhouse, 2011.

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Cariolaro, Gianfranco. Unified signal theory. New York: Springer, 2011.

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Cariolaro, Gianfranco. Unified Signal Theory. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-464-7.

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Cabrera, Luis. Complete Unified Theory, Nirmalendu Das: Complete Unified Theory, Nirmalendu Das. Bani Prokash (P) Limited, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Assam, India in G.P.Dev Choudhury, Bani Prokash (P) Limited, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Assam, India .: G.P.Dev Choudhury, Bani Prokash (P) Limited, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Assam, India in G.P.Dev Choudhury, Bani Prokash (P) Limited, Panbazar, Guwahati - 781001, Assam, India ., 1998.

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Sandborn, Michael Todd. The unified wave theory. [United States]: MS Squared Press, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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Liu, Luo-Qin. "Far-Field Force Theory of Steady Flow." In Unified Theoretical Foundations of Lift and Drag in Viscous and Compressible External Flows, 59–110. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6223-0_3.

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Turchi, Boone A. "How Economics, Psychology, and Sociology Might Produce a Unified Theory of Fertility and Labour Force Participation." In Population Economics, 237–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76550-6_13.

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Jasso, Guillermina. "Goods, Bads, and the Foa Resources: Analyzing Their Operation in the New Unified Theory of Sociobehavioral Forces." In Handbook of Social Resource Theory, 215–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4175-5_13.

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Cariolaro, Gianfranco. "Unified Theory: Fundamentals." In Unified Signal Theory, 83–134. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-464-7_3.

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Cassidy, David, Gerald Holton, and James Rutherford. "Newton’s Unified Theory." In Understanding Physics, 171–210. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-7698-0_4.

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Ankerhold, Joachim. "Unified Dynamical Theory -." In Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, 171–201. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-68076-4_7.

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Yu, Mao-Hong. "Unified Strength Theory." In Unified Strength Theory and Its Applications, 129–73. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-18943-2_7.

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Risku, Michael, and Letitia Harding. "A Unified Theory." In Education for Tomorrow, 113–34. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-158-0_9.

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Lakshmikantham, V., E. Escultura, and S. Leela. "Hybrid Unified Theory." In The Hybrid Grand Unified Theory, 107–23. Paris: Atlantis Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-91216-23-7_5.

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Vardi, Moshe Y. "Unified verification theory." In Temporal Logic in Specification, 202–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-51803-7_27.

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Conference papers on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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ANDERTON, ROGER J., and DRAGOSLAV STOILJKOVICH. "Centres of Force and Point-particles in Boscovich’s Unified Theory." In Unified Field Mechanics II: Preliminary Formulations and Empirical Tests, 10th International Symposium Honouring Mathematical Physicist Jean-Pierre Vigier. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789813232044_0021.

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Fernandez-Corbaton, Ivan, and Carsten Rockstuhl. "Unified theory of conservation laws in light-matter interactions (Conference Presentation)." In Complex Light and Optical Forces XII, edited by David L. Andrews, Enrique J. Galvez, and Jesper Glückstad. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2284784.

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Gan, Dongming, Jorge Dias, and Lakmal D. Seneviratne. "Unified Inverse Dynamics of Variable Topologies of a Metamorphic Parallel Mechanism Using Screw Theory." In ASME 2013 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2013-12991.

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This paper presents the topology variation of a 3(rT)PS metamorphic parallel mechanism which can change its mobility from 3 to 6. The reconfiguration stems from a reconfigurable (rT)PS limb of which the two phases can be unified by taking one as a special case of the other. Based on this, unified inverse kinematics is solved and a unified dynamics modeling is built using screw theory which naturally represents the geometric constraint and actuation forces in the same manner. The obtained modeling covers all the topologies of the parallel mechanism. A numerical example demonstrates the theoretical results which provide basis for this metamorphic parallel robot with applications in reconfiguration-required environment.
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Gerbert, Göran. "Belt Slip: A Unified Approach." In ASME 1992 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1992-0042.

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Abstract Slip measurements on thick flat belts, V-belts and V-ribbed belts running on small pulleys reveal that the slip is much higher than can be predicted with classical creep theory. Shear creep plays an important role and special care must be taken when analysing the shear deflection of the V-belt and the ribs of the V-ribbed belt. Other mechanisms are present as well. The behaviour in the seating and unseating regions changes the direction of the frictional forces in these regions on the driver pulley. A unified slip theory is presented for flat belts, V-belts and V-ribbed belts considering creep, shear, seating/ unseating and compliance. Measurements and theory fit very well for practical tension levels. At low tension the measured slip is higher than the predicted one for V-belts and V-ribbed belts, which probably depends on the poor fit between the belt and the grooved pulley.
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Leemans, Joost R., Charles J. Kim, Werner W. P. J. van de Sande, and Just L. Herder. "Unified Rotational and Translational Stiffness Characterization of Compliant Shell Mechanisms." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85251.

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Compliant shell mechanisms utilize spatially curved thin-walled structures to transfer or transmit force, motion or energy through elastic deformation. To design with spatial mechanisms designers need comprehensive characterization methods, while existing methods fall short of meaningful comparisons between rotational and translational degrees of freedom. This paper presents two approaches, both of which are based on the principle of virtual loads and potential energy, utilizing properties of screw theory, Plücker coordinates and an eigen-decomposition, leading to two unification lengths that can be used to compare and visualize all six degrees of freedom directions and magnitudes of compliant mechanisms in a non-arbitrary physically meaningful manner.
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Snell, Antony. "A Unified Method of Modeling a 3-Phase Induction Motors." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12482.

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Many textbooks on electro-mechanical machines introduce the induction motor using a transformer circuit model connected to a fictitious load resistor, the value of which changes as a function of the slip speed. The method is essentially a power based analysis, which yields some neat, quick results. The developed torque is calculated in terms of the power developed in that fictitious resistor. Although clever in its simplicity, the method fails to provide much physical insight into how the developed torque comes about. One is just expected to trust the circuit model. The approach described in this paper is based on theory of Lorentz force and Faraday’s Law used successfully to explain the operation of DC commutator machines. The method is readily understood and it provides direct insight into how the torque is developed. The paper will introduce a torque angle, which can be useful in visualizing how the machines work. It will also be shown that the traditional transformer model of the motor can be derived from the new analysis.
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Ruzicka, Gene C., and Dewey H. Hodges. "A Unified Development of Basis Reduction Methods for Rotor Blades." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21316.

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Abstract The axial foreshortening effect plays a key role in rotor blade dynamics, but approximating it accurately in reduced basis models has long posed a difficult problem for analysts. Recently, though, several methods have been shown to be effective in obtaining accurate, reduced basis models for rotor blades. These methods are the axial elongation method, the mixed finite element method, and the nonlinear normal mode method. The main objective of this paper is to demonstrate the close relationships among these methods, which are seemingly disparate at first glance. First, the difficulties inherent in obtaining reduced basis models of rotor blades are illustrated by examining the modal reduction accuracy of several blade analysis formulations. It is shown that classical, displacement-based finite elements are ill-suited for rotor blade analysis because they cannot accurately represent the axial strain in modal space, and that this problem may be solved by employing the axial force as a variable in the analysis. It is shown that the mixed finite element method is a convenient means for accomplishing this, and the derivation of a mixed finite element for rotor blade analysis is outlined. A shortcoming of the mixed finite element method is that it increases the number of variables in the analysis. It is demonstrated that this problem may be rectified by solving for the axial displacements in terms of the axial forces and the bending displacements. Effectively, this procedure constitutes a generalization of the widely used axial elongation method to blades of arbitrary topology. The procedure is developed first for a single element, and then extended to an arbitrary assemblage of elements of arbitrary type. Finally, it is shown that the generalized axial elongation method is essentially an approximate solution for an invariant manifold that can be used as the basis for a nonlinear normal mode.
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Anderson, Walter, Ahmadreza Eshghinejad, and Mohammad Elahinia. "Material Characterization and Mid-Span Bending Capacity With Finite Element Simulated Predictions." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-5097.

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Intelligent materials have been the subject of research for many years. Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a type of intelligent material that has been targeted for many different uses; such as actuators, sensors and structural supports. SMAs are attractive as actuators due to their large energy density. Although a great deal of information is available on the axial load capacity and on the tip force for SMA tweezer-like devices, there is not enough information about the load capacity at mid-span, especially at the macro-level. Imposed displacement at mid-span experimental evaluation of an SMA beam in the austenitic and martensitic regimes has been studied. To this end, a specimen of near equi-atomic nitinol was heat-treated (shape set) into a ‘U’ shape and loaded into a custom test fixture such that the boundary conditions of the beam are approximated as roller-roller; and the sample was deformed at different temperatures while reaction forces were measured. The displacement is near maximum displacement of the U shape without causing a change in concavity, thus full-scale capacity is shown. Additionally, Unified Model (finite element) predictions of the experimental response are also presented, with good agreement. Due to the robust nature of the Unified Model, geometric parameter variations (wire diameter and radius of curvature) were then simulated to encompass the design envelop for such an actuator. The material properties needed as inputs to the Unified Model were obtained from constant temperature tensile tests of a specimen subjected to the same heat treatment (shape set straight). The resultant critical stresses were then extracted using the tangent method similar to the one described in ASTM F-2082. It is worth noting that the specimen was trained before the stress value extraction, but the transversely loaded specimen was not trained due to the difficulty involved (inherent uneven stress distribution). The contribution of this work is the presentation of experimental results for transverse (mid-span) loading of a nitinol wire and the simulation results allowing for design of a proper actuator with known constraints on force, displacement or temperature (2 of 3 needed). In other words, this work could be used as a type of 3D look-up table; e.g. for a desired force/displacement, the required temperatures are given. Future work includes developing a sensor-less control strategy for simultaneous force/displacement control.
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Ma, Chengqian, Ning Ma, and Xiechong Gu. "A Contrastive Study of Two-Time Scaled Method and Unified Method in Maneuverability-in-Waves." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-79532.

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Abstract Maneuverability in waves, which is associated with navigation safety and overall operational efficiency, is attracting more and more attention recently. In addition to the experimental method and the pure CFD method, there are two widely used theoretical methods on this topic, the two-time-scale method, and the unified method. However, both methods have theoretical limitations. The two-time-scale method is based on the assumption that the maneuvering frequency varies a lot from the seakeeping frequency. This assumption is not achieved when the ship navigates in following wave conditions or extreme waves. Meanwhile, it is also based on the hypothesis that the total ship motions can be considered as the linear superposition of the maneuvering motion and the seakeeping one. For the unified method, the wave forces rely on the interpolation of the precalculated force coefficients or semi-empirical results in general. Therefore, the comparison between the predicted results using these methods and the experimental results is necessary and valuable to assess the error and advantages of these methods. In the present study, two in-house codes using these methods are developed and utilized to predict the motions of S175 containership in regular waves. The results are obtained and compared with the experimental ones. Finally, the conclusions and assessments on these methods are obtained.
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Cui, Weicheng, Fang Wang, and Xiaoping Wang. "Towards a Unified Fatigue Life Prediction (UFLP) Method for Marine Structures: An Overview." In ASME 2010 29th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2010-21007.

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Marine structures such as ships and offshore platforms are mostly made of metals and designed with damage tolerance. This design philosophy requires accurate prediction of fatigue crack growth under service conditions. Now more and more people have realized that only a fatigue life prediction method based on fatigue crack propagation (FCP) theory has the potential to explain various fatigue phenomena observed. However, it is not the case that any type of FCP theory can work. As a matter of fact, from the very fundamental question of fatigue crack driving forces to the more complicated fatigue crack growth rate expressions all are needed critical examination. In the past several years, the group led by the authors have made some efforts in developing a unified fatigue life prediction (UFLP) method for marine structures. By unified method the authors mean that the method should be able to explain all the observed fatigue phenomena. In this paper, an overview of these researches is carried out and our main research results are presented.
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Reports on the topic "Unified theory of force"

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Hill, Steven. NATO and the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784134419.

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The Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons (TPNW) entered into force on 22 January 2021. As part of a project examining NATO obligations and how they interact with nuclear non-proliferation and disarmament law and policy, this paper focuses on what the entry into force of the TPNW should mean for members of the NATO Alliance. NATO has long maintained a strong unified position in opposition to the new treaty, meaning that under current circumstances it is unlikely that any NATO member will join the TPNW. But the reality for NATO, its members and partners is that the TPNW is now here to stay. There is a risk that if the Alliance maintains an intense focus on opposing the TPNW, this may obscure NATO’s broader long-standing commitment to global nuclear disarmament, and may undermine the potential for NATO and supporters of the TPNW to work together to advance the common goal of nuclear disarmament.
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Thisse, Jacques-François, Matthew Turner, and Philip Ushchev. A Unified Theory of Cities. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29078.

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Arkolakis, Costas. A Unified Theory of Firm Selection and Growth. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, October 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17553.

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Dickson, Richard E. Toward a More Unified Theory of Monopulse Rhode's Theory of Monopulse - Revisited. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada180616.

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Johnson, Michael W. Strange Gravity: Toward a Unified Theory of Joint Warfighting. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada394811.

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Lewis, Richard, Scott Huffman, Bonnie John, John Laird, and Jill F. Lehman. Soar as a Unified Theory of Cognition: Spring 1990. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada225616.

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Doyle, John. Bioinspired Concepts: Unified Theory for Complex Biological and Engineering Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada484230.

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Doyle, John C. Bioinspired Concepts: Unified Theory for Complex Biological and Engineering Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada434182.

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D'Elia, Marta, Mamikon Gulian, George Karniadakis, and Hayley Olson. A Unified Theory of Fractional Nonlocal and Weighted Nonlocal Vector Calculus. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1618398.

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Harmon, William T. The Korean Question: Is There a Role for Forward-Based American Forces in a Unified Korea? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415880.

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