Journal articles on the topic 'Unidirectional scattering'

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1

Chen, Jianfeng, Jianbo Pan, Yidong Zheng, Wenyao Liang, and Zhi-Yuan Li. "Unidirectional electromagnetic windmill scattering in a magnetized gyromagnetic cylinder." Chinese Optics Letters 20, no. 5 (2022): 053901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202220.053901.

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2

Loran, Farhang, and Ali Mostafazadeh. "Unidirectional invisibility and non-reciprocal transmission in two and three dimensions." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 472, no. 2191 (July 2016): 20160250. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0250.

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We explore the phenomenon of unidirectional invisibility in two dimensions, examine its optical realizations and discuss its three-dimensional generalization. In particular, we construct an infinite class of unidirectionally invisible optical potentials that describe the scattering of normally incident transverse electric waves by an infinite planar slab with refractive-index modulations along both the normal directions to the electric field. A by-product of this investigation is a demonstration of non-reciprocal transmission in two dimensions. To elucidate this phenomenon, we state and prove a general reciprocity theorem that applies to quantum scattering theory of real and complex potentials in two and three dimensions.
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3

Xue, Fengxia, Haihua Fan, Qiaofeng Dai, Haiying Liu, and Sheng Lan. "Broadband unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction and angular radiation realized by using a silicon hollow nanodisk under a radially polarized beam." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 9 (November 26, 2021): 095111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac394c.

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Abstract In recent years, directional scattering has been one of the most active research hotspots in the field of nanophotonics. Herein, we study the directional scattering properties of a silicon hollow nanodisk (SHND) illuminated by a tightly focused radially polarized beam. The induced strong longitudinal total electric dipole interferes with transverse magnetic dipole to achieve a highly-efficient transverse unidirectional scattering when the SHND is located at a specific position in the focal plane. Moreover, the manipulated unidirectional scattering in the transverse direction can be realized in the broad wavelength range from 581 nm to 656 nm. In addition, the unidirectional angular radiation towards all directions can be realized by adjusting the position of the SHND. Our research results are helpful for the design of nanophotonic devices that can manipulate the angular radiation direction, and have potential applications in sensing, optical communications, solar cells and other fields.
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4

Zhang Ming, 张明, 吕靖薇 Lü Jingwei, 杨琳 Yang Lin, 许文静 Xu Wenjing, 王建鑫 Wang Jianxin, 刘超 Liu Chao, and 牟海维 Mou Haiwei. "Unidirectional Scattering Properties of Silicon Nanocross Dimer." Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 56, no. 8 (2019): 081601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop56.081601.

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5

Mostafazadeh, Ali. "Adiabatic approximation, semiclassical scattering, and unidirectional invisibility." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 47, no. 12 (March 6, 2014): 125301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/47/12/125301.

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6

Reena, Yogita Kalra, Ajeet Kumar, and R. K. Sinha. "Tunable unidirectional scattering of ellipsoidal single nanoparticle." Journal of Applied Physics 119, no. 24 (June 28, 2016): 243102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4954675.

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7

Rocco, Davide, Michele Midrio, and Costantino De Angelis. "Polarization Independent Unidirectional Scattering With Turnstile Nanoantennas." IEEE Photonics Journal 12, no. 6 (December 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jphot.2020.3030306.

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8

Yong Wang, Yong Wang, Xianghao Zeng Xianghao Zeng, Erchan Yang Erchan Yang, Yonghua Lu Yonghua Lu, Douguo Zhang Douguo Zhang, and and Pei Wang and Pei Wang. "Tailoring magnetic and electric resonances with dielectric nanocubes for broadband and high-efficiency unidirectional scattering." Chinese Optics Letters 14, no. 1 (2016): 011601–11604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201614.011601.

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9

Shibanuma, Toshihiko, Pablo Albella, and Stefan A. Maier. "Unidirectional light scattering with high efficiency at optical frequencies based on low-loss dielectric nanoantennas." Nanoscale 8, no. 29 (2016): 14184–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6nr04335f.

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10

Sun, Song, Dacheng Wang, Zheng Feng, and Wei Tan. "Highly efficient unidirectional forward scattering induced by resonant interference in a metal–dielectric heterodimer." Nanoscale 12, no. 43 (2020): 22289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0nr07010f.

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11

Liu, Menghao, Yaxin Xie, Tianhua Feng, and Yi Xu. "Resonant broadband unidirectional light scattering based on genetic algorithm." Optics Letters 45, no. 4 (February 13, 2020): 968. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.381431.

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12

Pors, Anders, Sebastian K. H. Andersen, and Sergey I. Bozhevolnyi. "Unidirectional scattering by nanoparticles near substrates: generalized Kerker conditions." Optics Express 23, no. 22 (October 27, 2015): 28808. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.23.028808.

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13

Poutrina, E., and A. Urbas. "Multipole analysis of unidirectional light scattering from plasmonic dimers." Journal of Optics 16, no. 11 (November 1, 2014): 114005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/16/11/114005.

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14

Poutrina, Ekaterina, Alec Rose, Dean Brown, Augustine Urbas, and David R. Smith. "Forward and backward unidirectional scattering from plasmonic coupled wires." Optics Express 21, no. 25 (December 10, 2013): 31138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.21.031138.

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15

Liu, Wei, Andrey E. Miroshnichenko, Dragomir N. Neshev, and Yuri S. Kivshar. "Broadband Unidirectional Scattering by Magneto-Electric Core–Shell Nanoparticles." ACS Nano 6, no. 6 (May 4, 2012): 5489–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn301398a.

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16

Hasheminejad, Seyyed M., and Reza Avazmohammdi. "Elastic Wave Scattering in Porous Unidirectional Fiber-reinforced Composites." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 26, no. 5 (March 2007): 495–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0731684406072540.

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17

Dong, Yiwei, and Yuanqing Yang. "Controllable optical resonances and unidirectional scattering by core-shell nanoparticles." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1865, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 022045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1865/2/022045.

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18

Kornienko, V. N., V. V. Kulagin, and A. Ya Oleynikov. "Scattering of an Unidirectional Radiation Pulse by a Dielectric Cylinder." Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics 84, no. 2 (February 2020): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1062873820020161.

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19

Pan, Danping, Tianhua Feng, Wei Zhang, and Alexander A. Potapov. "Unidirectional light scattering by electric dipoles induced in plasmonic nanoparticles." Optics Letters 44, no. 11 (May 31, 2019): 2943. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.002943.

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20

Qin, Feifei, Dasen Zhang, Zhenzhen Liu, Qiang Zhang, and Junjun Xiao. "Designing metal-dielectric nanoantenna for unidirectional scattering via Bayesian optimization." Optics Express 27, no. 21 (October 11, 2019): 31075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.031075.

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21

Vercruysse, Dries, Yannick Sonnefraud, Niels Verellen, Fabian B. Fuchs, Giuliana Di Martino, Liesbet Lagae, Victor V. Moshchalkov, Stefan A. Maier, and Pol Van Dorpe. "Unidirectional Side Scattering of Light by a Single-Element Nanoantenna." Nano Letters 13, no. 8 (July 30, 2013): 3843–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nl401877w.

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22

Mendeleyev, V. Ya. "Scattering from unidirectional ground steel surfaces in the specular direction." Optics Communications 268, no. 1 (December 2006): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2006.07.001.

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23

Shang, Wuyun, Fajun Xiao, Weiren Zhu, Lei Han, Malin Premaratne, Ting Mei, and Jianlin Zhao. "Unidirectional scattering exploited transverse displacement sensor with tunable measuring range." Optics Express 27, no. 4 (February 11, 2019): 4944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.27.004944.

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24

Sumiya, Takuto, Shiro Biwa, and Guillaume Haïat. "Computational multiple scattering analysis of elastic waves in unidirectional composites." Wave Motion 50, no. 2 (March 2013): 253–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wavemoti.2012.08.012.

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25

Reddy, A. R., and S. K. Lahiri. "Scattering Parameters of Interdigital and Group Type Unidirectional Saw Transducers." IETE Journal of Research 31, no. 2 (March 1985): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03772063.1985.11436485.

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26

Jiang, Li, Bo Fang, Zhigang Yan, Chenxia Li, Jipeng Fu, Haiyong Gan, Zhi Hong, and Xufeng Jing. "Improvement of unidirectional scattering characteristics based on multiple nanospheres array." Microwave and Optical Technology Letters 62, no. 6 (June 2020): 2405–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mop.32328.

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27

Lv, Jingwei, Xiaoming Zhang, Xuntao Yu, Haiwei Mu, Qiang Liu, Chao Liu, Tao Sun, and Paul K. Chu. "Forward and Backward Unidirectional Scattering by the Core-Shell Nanocube Dimer with Balanced Gain and Loss." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (July 23, 2020): 1440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081440.

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An optical nanoantenna consisting of a Au-dielectric core-shell nanocube dimer with switchable directionality was designed and described. Our theoretical model and numerical simulation showed that switching between forward and backward directions can be achieved with balanced gain and loss, using a single element by changing the coefficient κ in the core, which can be defined by the relative phase of the polarizability. The optical response indicated a remarkable dependence on the coefficient κ in the core as well as frequency. The location of the electric field enhancement was specified by the different coefficient κ and, furthermore, the chained optical nanoantenna and coupled electric dipole emitted to the optical nanoantenna played significant roles in unidirectional scattering. This simple method to calculate the feasibility of unidirectional and switchable scattering provides an effective strategy to explore the functionalities of nanophotonic devices.
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28

Stojanoska, Katerina, and Chen Shen. "Non-Hermitian planar elastic metasurface for unidirectional focusing of flexural waves." Applied Physics Letters 120, no. 24 (June 13, 2022): 241701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0097177.

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Metasurfaces exhibiting spatially asymmetric inner structures have been shown to host unidirectional scattering effects, benefiting areas where directional control of waves is desired. In this work, we propose a non-Hermitian planar elastic metasurface to achieve unidirectional focusing of flexural waves. The unit cells are constructed by piezoelectric disks and metallic blocks that are asymmetrically loaded. A tunable material loss is then introduced by negative capacitance shunting. By suitably engineering the induced loss profile, a series of unit cells are designed, which can individually access the exceptional points manifested by unidirectional zero reflection. We then construct a planar metasurface by tuning the reflected phase to ensure constructive interference at one side of the metasurface. Unidirectional focusing of the incident waves is demonstrated, where the reflected wave energy is focused from one direction, and zero reflection is observed in the other direction. The proposed metasurface enriches the flexibility in asymmetric elastic wave manipulation as the loss and the reflected phase can be tailored independently in each unit cell.
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29

Flores, Diana, Manoj Madhavan, Savannah Wright, and Ripla Arora. "Mechanical and signaling mechanisms that guide pre-implantation embryo movement." Development 147, no. 24 (November 6, 2020): dev193490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.193490.

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ABSTRACTHow a mammalian embryo determines and arrives at its attachment site has been studied for decades, but our understanding of this process is far from complete. Using confocal imaging and image analysis, we evaluate embryo location along the longitudinal oviductal-cervical axis of murine uteri. Our analysis reveals three distinct pre-implantation phases: embryo entry, unidirectional movement of embryo clusters and bidirectional scattering and spacing of embryos. We show that unidirectional clustered movement is facilitated by a mechanical stimulus of the embryo and is regulated by adrenergic uterine smooth muscle contractions. Embryo scattering, on the other hand, depends on embryo-uterine communication reliant on the LPAR3 signaling pathway and is independent of adrenergic muscle contractions. Finally, we demonstrate that uterine implantation sites in mice are neither random nor predetermined but are guided by the number of embryos entering the uterine lumen. These studies have implications for understanding how embryo-uterine communication is key to determining an optimal implantation site necessary for the success of a pregnancy.
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30

Yu, Yang, Jinze Liu, Yidu Yu, Dayong Qiao, Yongqian Li, and Rafael Salas-Montiel. "Broadband unidirectional transverse light scattering in a V-shaped silicon nanoantenna." Optics Express 30, no. 5 (February 23, 2022): 7918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.450943.

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31

Biwa, Shiro, and Takuto Sumiya. "Multiple Scattering of Elastic Waves in Unidirectional Composites with Coated Fibers." Physics Procedia 70 (2015): 811–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phpro.2015.08.165.

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32

Biwa, S., S. Yamamoto, F. Kobayashi, and N. Ohno. "Computational multiple scattering analysis for shear wave propagation in unidirectional composites." International Journal of Solids and Structures 41, no. 2 (January 2004): 435–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2003.09.015.

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33

Barreda, Ángela, Pablo Albella, Fernando Moreno, and Francisco González. "Broadband Unidirectional Forward Scattering with High Refractive Index Nanostructures: Application in Solar Cells." Molecules 26, no. 15 (July 22, 2021): 4421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154421.

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High refractive index dielectric (HRID) nanoparticles are a clear alternative to metals in nanophotonic applications due to their low losses and directional scattering properties. It has been demonstrated that HRID dimers are more efficient scattering units than single nanoparticles in redirecting the incident radiation towards the forward direction. This effect was recently reported and is known as the “near zero-backward” scattering condition, attained when nanoparticles forming dimers strongly interact with each other. Here, we analyzed the electromagnetic response of HRID isolated nanoparticles and aggregates when deposited on monolayer and graded-index multilayer dielectric substrates. In particular, we studied the fraction of radiation that is scattered towards a substrate with known optical properties when the nanoparticles are located on its surface. We demonstrated that HRID dimers can increase the radiation emitted towards the substrate compared to that of isolated nanoparticles. However, this effect was only present for low values of the substrate refractive index. With the aim of observing the same effect for silicon substrates, we show that it is necessary to use a multilayer antireflection coating. We conclude that dimers of HRID nanoparticles on a graded-index multilayer substrate can increase the radiation scattered into a silicon photovoltaic wafer. The results in this work can be applied to the design of novel solar cells.
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34

Yu, Huiwen, Hongjia Zhu, Jinyang Li, Zhaolong Cao, and Huanjun Chen. "Broadband Active Control of Transverse Scattering from All-Dielectric Nanoparticle." Crystals 11, no. 8 (August 7, 2021): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11080920.

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Steering electromagnetic scattering by subwavelength objects is usually accompanied by the excitation of electric and magnetic modes. The Kerker effect, which relies on the precise overlapping between electric and magnetic multipoles, is a potential approach to address this challenge. However, fundamental limitations on the reconfigurability and tunability challenge their future implementation in practical applications. Here, we demonstrate a design approach by applying coherent control to a silicon nanodisk. By utilizing an experimentally feasible two-wave excitation, this coherent light-by-light control enables a highly reconfigurable, broadband, and tunable transverse scattering, extending the feasibility of unidirectional scattering in various practical scenarios, including on-chip integrations and optical communications.
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35

Chern, B. C., T. J. Moon, and J. R. Howell. "Thermal Analysis of In-Situ Curing for Thermoset, Hoop-Wound Structures Using Infrared Heating: Part I—Predictions Assuming Independent Scattering." Journal of Heat Transfer 117, no. 3 (August 1, 1995): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2822629.

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A curing process for unidirectional thermoset prepreg wound composite structures using infrared (IR) in-situ heating is investigated. In this method, the infrared energy is from all incident angles onto the composite structure to initiate the curing during processing. Due to the parallel geometry of filaments in wound composite structures, the radiative scattering coefficient and phase function within the structure depend strongly on both the wavelength and the angle of incidence of the IR incident radiation onto the fibers. A two-dimensional thermochemical and radiative heat transfer model for in-situ curing of thermoset, hoop-wound structures using IR heating is presented. The thermal transport properties that depend on the process state are also incorporated in the analysis. A nongray, anisotropic absorbing, emitting, and scattering unidirectional fibrous medium within a matrix of nonunity refractive index is considered. The temperatures and degrees of cure within the composite during processing are demonstrated numerically as a function of the configuration of IR heat source, nondimensional power input, mandrel winding speed, and size of wound composite. Comparison between the numerical result and experimental data is presented.
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36

Biwa, Shiro, Takushi Kamiya, and Nobutada Ohno. "Multiple Scattering Simulation of Ultrasonic Shear Wave in Unidirectional Carbon/Epoxy Composites." MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 48, no. 6 (2007): 1196–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.i-mra2007846.

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37

Moon, Yoon-Jong, Sang-Woo Kim, Hyeon Seok An, Jin-Young Na, Young-Bin Kim, Ji-Hyun Kim, Jang-Ung Park, and Sun-Kyung Kim. "Engineered Unidirectional Scattering in Metal Wire Networks for Ultrahigh Glass-Like Transparency." ACS Photonics 5, no. 11 (October 8, 2018): 4270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.8b01168.

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38

Li, Yan, Li Shao, Facheng Zhong, Pei Ding, Bo Chu, Fangjie Luo, Kun Xu, Fanguang Zeng, and Yinxiao Du. "Light control based on unidirectional scattering in metal–dielectric core–shell nanoparticles." Optics Communications 426 (November 2018): 483–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optcom.2018.05.075.

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39

Fang, Bo, Chenxia Li, and Xufeng Jing. "Enhancement of unidirectional scattering through magnetic and electric resonances by nanodisks’ chain." Optical Review 26, no. 1 (January 2, 2019): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10043-018-00491-2.

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40

Zhang, Xiao Ming, Qiang Zhang, Shang Jie Zeng, Zhen Zhen Liu, and Jun-Jun Xiao. "Dual-band unidirectional forward scattering with all-dielectric hollow nanodisk in the visible." Optics Letters 43, no. 6 (March 8, 2018): 1275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.43.001275.

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41

Zhang, Qiuyue, and Xun Li. "Unidirectional Slow Light Transmission in Heterostructure Photonic Crystal Waveguide." Applied Sciences 8, no. 10 (October 9, 2018): 1858. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8101858.

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In conventional photonic crystal systems, extrinsic scattering resulting from random manufacturing defects or environmental changes is a major source of loss that causes performance degradation, and the backscattering loss is amplified as the group velocity slows down. In order to overcome the limitations in slow light systems, we propose a backscattering-immune slow light waveguide design. The waveguide is based on an interface between a square lattice of magneto-optical photonic crystal with precisely tailored rod radii of the first two rows and a titled 45 degrees square lattice of Alumina photonic crystal with an aligned band gap. High group indices of 77, 68, 64, and 60 with the normalized frequency bandwidths of 0.444%, 0.481%, 0.485%, and 0.491% are obtained, respectively. The corresponding normalized delay-bandwidth products remain around 0.32 for all cases, which are higher than previously reported works based on rod radius adjustment. The robustness for the edge modes against different types of interfacial defects is observed for the lack of backward propagation modes at the same frequencies as the unidirectional edge modes. Furthermore, the transmission direction can be controlled by the sign of the externally applied magnetic field normal to the plane.
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42

Parappurath, Nikhil, Filippo Alpeggiani, L. Kuipers, and Ewold Verhagen. "Direct observation of topological edge states in silicon photonic crystals: Spin, dispersion, and chiral routing." Science Advances 6, no. 10 (March 2020): eaaw4137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw4137.

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Topological protection in photonics offers new prospects for guiding and manipulating classical and quantum information. The mechanism of spin-orbit coupling promises the emergence of edge states that are helical, exhibiting unidirectional propagation that is topologically protected against back scattering. We directly observe the topological states of a photonic analog of electronic materials exhibiting the quantum spin Hall effect, living at the interface between two silicon photonic crystals with different topological order. Through the far-field radiation that is inherent to the states’ existence, we characterize their properties, including linear dispersion and low loss. We find that the edge state pseudospin is encoded in unique circular far-field polarization and linked to unidirectional propagation, thus revealing a signature of the underlying photonic spin-orbit coupling. We use this connection to selectively excite different edge states with polarized light and directly visualize their routing along sharp chiral waveguide junctions.
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43

Akue Asseko, André Chateau, Benoît Cosson, Fabrice Schmidt, Rémi Gilblas, Yannick Le Maoult, and Eric Lafranche. "Thermal Modeling in Composite Transmission Laser Welding Process: Light Scattering and Absorption Phenomena Coupling." Key Engineering Materials 611-612 (May 2014): 1560–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.611-612.1560.

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In previous studies [1, , we have presented a detailed formulation of a macroscopic analytical model of the optical propagation of laser beams in the case of unidirectional thermoplastic composites materials. This analytical model presented a first step which concerns the estimation of the laser beam intensity at the welding interface. It describes the laser light path in scattering transparent composites (first component) by introducing light scattering ratio and scattering standard deviation. The absorption was assumed to be negligible in regard to the scattering effect. In this current paper, in order to describe completely the laser welding process in composite materials, we introduce the absorption phenomenon in the model, in the absorbing material (second component), in order to determine the radiative heat source generated at the welding interface. Finally, we will be able to perform a three dimensional temperature field calculation using a commercial FEM software. In laser welding process, the temperature distribution inside the irradiated materials is essential in order to optimize the process. Experimental measurements will be performed in order to valid the analytical model.
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44

Liu, Wei, and Yuri S. Kivshar. "Multipolar interference effects in nanophotonics." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 375, no. 2090 (March 28, 2017): 20160317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0317.

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Scattering of electromagnetic waves by an arbitrary nanoscale object can be characterized by a multipole decomposition of the electromagnetic field that allows one to describe the scattering intensity and radiation pattern through interferences of dominating multipole modes excited. In modern nanophotonics, both generation and interference of multipole modes start to play an indispensable role, and they enable nanoscale manipulation of light with many related applications. Here, we review the multipolar interference effects in metallic, metal–dielectric and dielectric nanostructures, and suggest a comprehensive view on many phenomena involving the interferences of electric, magnetic and toroidal multipoles, which drive a number of recently discussed effects in nanophotonics such as unidirectional scattering, effective optical antiferromagnetism, generalized Kerker scattering with controlled angular patterns, generalized Brewster angle, and non-radiating optical anapoles. We further discuss other types of possible multipolar interference effects not yet exploited in the literature and envisage the prospect of achieving more flexible and advanced nanoscale control of light relying on the concepts of multipolar interference through full phase and amplitude engineering. This article is part of the themed issue ‘New horizons for nanophotonics’.
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45

Zang, J., R. Gibson, P. H. Taylor, R. Eatock Taylor, and C. Swan. "Second Order Wave Diffraction Around a Fixed Ship-Shaped Body in Unidirectional Steep Waves." Journal of Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering 128, no. 2 (January 12, 2006): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2185130.

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The objective of this research, part of the EU FP5 REBASDO Program, is to examine the effects of second order wave diffraction in wave run-up around the bow of a vessel (FPSO) in random seas. In this work, the nonlinear wave scattering problem is solved by employing a quadratic boundary element method. A computer program, DIFFRACT, has been developed and recently extended to deal with unidirectional and directional bichromatic input wave systems, calculating second order wave diffraction loads and free surface elevation under regular waves and focused wave groups. The second order wave interaction with a vessel in a unidirectional focused wave group is presented in this paper. Comparison of numerical results and experimental measurements conducted at Imperial College shows excellent agreement. The second order free surface components at the bow of the ship are very significant, and cannot be neglected if one requires accurate prediction of the wave-structure interaction; otherwise a major underestimation of the wave impact on the structure could occur.
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46

Mu, Haiwei, Jingwei Lv, Xiaoming Zhang, Xili Lu, Wei Liu, Qiang Liu, Famei Wang, et al. "Multiple unidirectional forward scattering of hybrid metal-dielectric nanoantenna in the near-infrared region." Optical Materials Express 8, no. 11 (October 17, 2018): 3410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ome.8.003410.

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47

Huang, Dengchao, Yi Zhang, and Lisheng Yang. "Unidirectional Light Scattering With High $f/b$ at Optical Frequencies Based on Coupled Nanoantennas." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 117916–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2019.2937127.

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48

Ge, Lixin, Liang Liu, Shiwei Dai, Jiwang Chai, Qianju Song, Hong Xiang, and Dezhuan Han. "Unidirectional scattering induced by the toroidal dipolar excitation in the system of plasmonic nanoparticles." Optics Express 25, no. 10 (May 2, 2017): 10853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.010853.

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49

Deng, Chuyun, Wanyun Ma, and Jia-Lin Sun. "Fabrication of Highly Rough Ag Nanobud Substrates and Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering ofλ-DNA Molecules." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/820739.

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Abstract:
Raman scattering signals can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude on surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrates made from noble metal nanostructures. Some SERS substrates are even able to detect single-molecule Raman signals. A novel silver nanobud (AgNB) substrate with superior SERS activity was fabricated with a solid-state ionics method. The AgNB substrate was formed by tightly collocated unidirectional 100 nm size silver buds, presenting a highly rough surface topography. Distinct SERS signals of singleλ-DNA molecules in water were detected on AgNB substrates. AgNB substrates were compared with disordered silver nanowire (AgNW) substrates manufactured by the same method through the SERS detection ofλ-DNA solutions. This original AgNB substrate provides a reliable approach towards trace analysis of biomacromolecules and promotes the utilization of the SERS technique in biomedical research.
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50

Wu, R., and K. Aki. "Scattering characteristics of elastic waves by an elastic heterogeneity." GEOPHYSICS 50, no. 4 (April 1985): 582–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1441934.

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Abstract:
Elastic wave scattering by a general elastic heterogeneity having slightly different density and elastic constants from the surrounding medium is formulated using the equivalent source method and Born approximation. In the low‐frequency range (Rayleigh scattering) the scattered field by an arbitrary heterogeneity having an arbitrary variation of density and elastic constants can be equated to a radiation field from a point source composed of a unidirectional force proportional to the density contrast between the heterogeneity and the medium, and a force moment tensor proportional to the contrasts of elastic constant. It is also shown that the scattered field can be decomposed into an “impedance‐type” field, which has a main lobe in the backscattering direction and no scattering in the exact forward direction, and a “velocity type” scattered field, which has a main lobe in the forward scattering direction and no scattering in the exact backward direction. For Mie scattering we show that the scattered far field is a product of two factors: (1) elastic Rayleigh scattering of a unit volume, and (2) a scalar wave scattering factor for the parameter variation function of the heterogeneity which we call “volume factor.” For the latter we derive the analytic expressions for a uniform sphere and for a Gaussian heterogeneity. We show the relations between volume factors and the 3-D Fourier transform (or 1-D Fourier transform in the case of spherical symmetry) of the parameter variations of the heterogeneity. The scattering spatial pattern varies depending upon various combinations of density and elastic‐constant perturbations. Some examples of scattering pattern are given to show the general characteristics of the elastic wave scattering.
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