Relevant bibliographies by topics / Ungulati

Academic literature on the topic 'Ungulati'

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Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Ungulati"

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Bianchi, L., L. Bartoli, M. Paci, and D. Pozzi. "Impact of wild ungulates on coppices from the Bisenzio Valley (province of Prato, Italy)." Forest@ - Rivista di Selvicoltura ed Ecologia Forestale 11, no. 3 (June 19, 2014): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3832/efor1259-011.

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Forsyth, David M., A. David M. Latham, Naomi E. Davis, Peter Caley, Mike Letnic, Paul D. Moloney, Luke P. Woodford, and Andrew P. Woolnough. "Interactions between dingoes and introduced wild ungulates: concepts, evidence and knowledge gaps." Australian Mammalogy 41, no. 1 (2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17042.

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The dingo (Canis dingo or C. familiaris, including hybrids with feral dogs) is the apex carnivore on mainland Australia. Fifteen non-native ungulate species have established wild populations in Australia. Dingoes are managed to reduce impacts on domestic ungulates, and introduced wild ungulates are managed to reduce impacts on natural ecosystems and to minimise competition with domestic ungulates. There is speculation about the extent to which (1) dingoes limit the abundances of introduced wild ungulates, and (2) introduced wild ungulates sustain dingo populations. We reviewed the literature to identify potential ecological interactions between dingoes and introduced wild ungulates, and to synthesise evidence for interactions between dingoes and each ungulate species (including the percentage frequency occurrence (%FO) of ungulates in dingo diets). Eleven of the 15 ungulate species were recorded in the diet of dingoes, with the highest %FO occurrences reported for feral goats (73%) and cattle (60%). Two studies concluded that dingoes reduced ungulate abundances (feral goat (Capra hircus) and feral donkey (Equus asinus)), and two studies concluded that dingoes did not regulate feral pig (Sus scrofa) abundances. A fifth study concluded that dingoes exhibited a Type III functional response to increasing sambar deer (Cervus unicolor) abundances. A sixth study concluded that dingoes made relatively little use of hunter-shot sambar deer carcasses. We propose that interactions between dingoes and introduced wild ungulates depend on the sex–age classes vulnerable to dingo predation, dingo pack sizes, the availability of escape terrain for ungulates and the availability of alternative foods for dingoes. The interplay between environmental conditions and the population growth rate of ungulates, and hence their ability to sustain losses from predation, could also be important. We predict that dingoes will have most impact on the abundance of smaller ungulate species and neonates.
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Prosser, Filippo. "La vegetazione dei ripari sottoroccia frequentati da ungulati selvatici sul Monte Altissimo di Nago (Monte Baldo settentrionale)." Giornale botanico italiano 126, no. 3-4 (January 1992): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11263509209430302.

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Schreiner, Edward G., Kirsten A. Krueger, Douglas B. Houston, and Patricia J. Happe. "Understory patch dynamics and ungulate herbivory in old-growth forests of Olympic National Park, Washington." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 26, no. 2 (February 1, 1996): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x26-029.

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The relationship between native ungulates (mainly Roosevelt elk, Cervuselaphus L.) and the occurrence of three patch types in an old-growth (220- to 260-year-old) Sitka spruce (Piceasitchensis (Bong.) Carrière)–western hemlock (Tsugaheterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) temperate coniferous rain forest was investigated on the South Fork Hoh River in Olympic National Park. The distribution, frequency, and size of two understory patches (grass, moss) and patches where shrubs had escaped herbivory (refugia) were sampled along transects. Vegetation standing crop, percent cover, species richness, and equitability along transects were compared with conditions in two 8-year-old 0.5-ha ungulate exclosures. Ungulate herbivory profoundly affected the distribution and abundance of understory patch types. Grass-dominated patches disappeared following 8 years of protection from ungulate herbivory. Ungulates maintained a reduced standing crop, increased forb species richness, and determined the distribution, morphology, and reproductive performance of several shrub species. There is clearly a dynamic relationship between patch type, tree fall, and ungulate herbivory in these old-growth forests. Our results show that ungulate herbivory is a driving force shaping vegetation patterns in coastal coniferous forests.
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Bhandari, Shivish, Ramiro D. Crego, and Jared A. Stabach. "Spatial segregation between wild ungulates and livestock outside protected areas in the lowlands of Nepal." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 27, 2022): e0263122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0263122.

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Understanding how wildlife interacts with human activities across non-protected areas are critical for conservation. This is especially true for ungulates that inhabit human-dominated landscapes outside the protected area system in Nepal, where wildlife often coexists with livestock. Here we investigated how elevation, agricultural land, distance from roads, and the relative abundance of livestock (goats, sheep, cow and buffalo) influenced wild ungulate chital (Axis axis), nilgai (Boselaphustrago camelus), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and sambar (Rusa unicolor) abundance and occurrence. We counted all individuals of wild ungulates and livestock along 35 transects conducted between November 2017 and March 2018 in community forests of Bara and Rautahat distracts in the lowlands of Nepal. We assessed abundance and occurrence relation to covariates using Generalized Linear Models. We found that livestock outnumbered wild ungulates 6.6 to 1. Wild boar was the most abundant wild ungulate, followed by nilgai, chital, and sambar. Elevation and livestock abundance were the most important covariates affecting the overall abundance of wild ungulates and the distribution of each individual ungulate species. Our results suggest spatial segregation between wild ungulates, which occur mainly on high grounds (> 300 m.a.s.l.), and livestock that concentrate across low ground habitats (< 300 m.a.s.l.). Our results provide a critical first step to inform conservation in community forest areas of Nepal, where wildlife interacts with people and their livestock. Finding better strategies to allow the coexistence of ungulates with people and their livestock is imperative if they are to persist into the future.
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Bukombe, John, Andrew Kittle, Ramadhan B. Senzota, Hamza Kija, Simon Mduma, John M. Fryxell, Flora Magige, Cosmas Mligo, and Anthony R. E. Sinclair. "The influence of food availability, quality and body size on patch selection of coexisting grazer ungulates in western Serengeti National Park." Wildlife Research 46, no. 1 (2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr18072.

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Context Differences in body size and mouth morphologies influence dietary resource separation among savanna ungulates, and this influences their distribution across landscape. Aim The aim was to understand the influence of body size and mouth morphology differences on both diet and patch selection by ungulate species in western Serengeti. Two hypotheses were tested: (1) for ungulate species, the relative body sizes and muzzle widths (mean muzzle width range: 3.1- 9.85) relate directly to food biomass, and to quality of diets selected in the wet season when food is abundant; (2) in the wet season, if food is not limiting, similar-sized species should exhibit greater dietary niche overlap than ungulate species that differ greatly in body size and muzzle width; moreover, similar-sized species exhibit less dietary niche overlap than ungulate species that differ greatly in body size. Methods In the western Serengeti ecosystem, road transects and direct observation were used to obtain data on the distribution and diet of five ungulate species namely buffalo, zebra, wildebeest, topi and impala; which have of varying sizes (range: 70–630kg) feeding in three different vegetation types. Grassland biomass, structure, nutrient content and ungulate use were measured at sites along transects. Key Results Results indicated that large-bodied ungulates utilised patches of greater food abundance compared with those of smaller ungulates. Body mass was also negatively correlated with diet quality, so that smaller animals ate higher protein and lower-fibre foods, as predicted. Diet niche overlap (niche similarity) showed a strong positive relationship with body mass differences among ungulate species, in support of the second of the two predictions from this hypothesis, namely that dissimilarly sized species could eat the same food. Conclusion Overall, the results suggest that in this savanna system, variation in ungulate body size influences resource separation even in the food-abundant wet season, and that this helps multiple species to co-exist. Implications Implementing more focused conservation strategies will improve wildlife habitat quality by integrating fire as a forage management tool with grazing preferences to promote forage heterogeneity in protected areas.
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Fehr, Michiel, Nora Zürcher Gasser, Olivier Schneider, Thomas Burger, and Andrea D. Kupferschmid. "Gutachtliche Beurteilung des Wildeinflusses auf die Waldverjüngung (Essay)." Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen 170, no. 3 (May 1, 2019): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3188/szf.2019.0135.

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Expert assessments of the ungulate influence on tree regeneration (essay) Roe deer, red deer and chamois browse on shoots of tree saplings or fray and peel their bark. This ungulate influence can be so strong that it changes the composition of the tree species mixture and the number of stems. Repeated expert assessments of tree saplings allow a comprehensive statement about the strength and development of this ungulate influence and provide a basis for discussions about possible actions to be taken. However, this only applies if the expert assessment describes the influence of ungulates objectively, transparently and neutrally. In the text, the authors – members of the working group Forest and Wildlife of the Swiss Forestry Society – propose a concrete procedure for the expert assessment. The core of which is the assessment of the impact of ungulates in four classes. The use of these ungulate influence classes makes it possible to evaluate objectively the vertical growth of main and admixed tree species as well as the vertical growth of ungulate-sensitive and non-sensitive tree species. These classes enable a calculation of the proportion of forest area where browsing does prevent silvicultural objectives from being met with respect to i) the composition of ungulate-sensitive main and admixed tree species and ii) the number of stems (target values for regeneration). A harmonization of ungulate influence classes facilitates the assessment of canton-wide wildlife management units and gener ally simplifies the dialogue between cantons.
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Teffo, Thabang Rainett, Ádám Fehér, and Krisztián Katona. "Ungulates and Their Impact on Reptiles: A Review of Interspecific Relationships." Diversity 15, no. 1 (December 25, 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15010028.

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Several ungulate species are showing increasing population patterns within their geographical distribution ranges, leading to constant interactions with other animal species. Varying densities and activities of different ungulates may result in diverse impacts on other coexisting species groups, including large numbers of threatened species, such as reptiles. In this study, we performed an analysis of the available literature to investigate the impacts of ungulates on reptiles. We aimed to reveal the diversity of: (1) the geographical and environmental distribution of related investigations; (2) the ungulate and reptile species involved; and (3) the characteristics of interactions (direct or indirect, positive or negative) from 69 publications. Our results show that the most papers were reported from the Americas (42%) and Australia (28%). The proportions of studies were balanced for wild ungulates (53%) and livestock (47%). Wild boar (Sus scrofa) was found to be the most problematic species on reptiles whereas reptiles which suffered the harshest impacts were Squamates (i.e., lizards, and snakes). Ungulate activities (e.g., digging by wild boar) may directly harm reptiles (consuming or killing them) or indirectly affect them by modifying their habitats or destroying their hideouts. Some preferential effects were also noted (e.g., by moderate livestock grazing or when wild ungulates are prey for large reptiles). Published livestock impacts were mainly indirect and mostly negatively linked to overgrazing. We conclude that it is important to manage and monitor the densities of ungulates to minimize their negative impacts on reptile species, especially in case of wild boar and grazing livestock, but also to maintain their moderate beneficial effects (e.g., as prey basis).
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Jia-yan, Wu. "The ungulates of northern China." Rangifer 14, no. 2 (December 1, 1994): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/2.14.2.1135.

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Presently, thirty five species of ungulates occur in northern China. Some species are threatened or endangered. There are three species of Equidae (E. przewalskii, E. hemionus, E. kiang), one of Suidae (Sus scrofa), one of Camelidae (Camelus bactrianus), 14 species of Cervidae (with the genera Moschus, Elaphus, Cervus, Elaphurus, Alces, Rangifer, Capreolus) and 16 species of Bovidae (within the genera Bos, Gazella, Procapra, Pantholops, Saiga, Nemorhaedus, Capricornis, Budorcas, Capra, Pseudois, Ovis). They inhabit different biotopes, i.e. temperate mountain forest and steppe, temperate desert and semi-desert, and vast alpine ranges. Ungulate fossils are widespread in China evidencing that Asia was an evolutionary centre for some ungulates. Although new data have been gathered through research efforts in China since 1949 it is a fact that some ungulate species have suffered serious population set-backs and some have become endangered or even extinct. Detailed studies of ungulate populations and protection of habitats are now most important future research needs.
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Brüllhardt, Martin, Anita C. Risch, Flurin Filli, Rudolf M. Haller, and Martin Schütz. "Spatiotemporal dynamics of natural tree regeneration in unmanaged subalpine conifer forests with high wild ungulate densities." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 45, no. 6 (June 2015): 607–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfr-2014-0358.

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Increasing wild ungulate populations in the northern hemisphere led to extensive research on their influence on forest regeneration. According to the results of different studies, high ungulate densities may alter forest structure and composition, as well as inhibit forest regeneration. However, little is known about the long-term impact of large herbivores on forest dynamics at the landscape scale. Therefore, we studied forest regeneration in conifer forests of the highly protected Swiss National Park. We assessed sapling densities and apical shoot loss by repeated systematic sampling in 2003 and in 2011–2012 in two valleys featuring exceptionally high densities of wild ungulates of up to 86 individuals per vegetation-covered square kilometre during summer and 28 individuals per vegetation-covered square kilometre during winter. Mean apical shoot loss ranged between 2.9% and 10.6% depending on study site and assessment year. In addition to the increasing sapling densities, these results suggest that ungulates had little impact on tree establishment in the studied subalpine conifer forests. Additionally, sapling diversity was higher on plots repeatedly influenced by ungulates (apical shoot loss), suggesting rather positive effects of ungulates on sapling diversity. Habitat containing a mixture of forest and grassland without livestock or human disturbance provides a high-quality environment for ungulates, which likely explains the low impact of ungulates on forest regeneration in our study area.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Ungulati"

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PUTZU, NICOLA. "Incidenti stradali con il coinvolgimento di ungulati selvatici in italia nord occidentale." Doctoral thesis, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11579/115199.

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Pareja, Loayza Javier Ciprian. "El pastoreo como herramienta de prevención de incendios forestales en el bosque mediterráneo." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671286.

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La conca Mediterrània, presenta una vegetació adaptada a l'estacionalitat climàtica i a pertorbacions recurrents com el foc i l'herbivorismo. El recent canvi global, fenomen que inclou el canvi climàtic i els canvis en els usos de terra, han afavorit en la presència i intensitat dels incendis forestals. Durant les últimes dècades s'ha intentat promoure el pasturatge en els sotaboscos mediterranis com una estratègia per disminuir el risc d'incendis, en general amb resultats satisfactoris. No obstant això, la ramaderia extensiva és un sector en clar declivi, pel que és necessari assajar amb altres espècies ramaderes. En el primer capítol tracta d'un estudi realitzat amb bestiar boví (Bos taurus), de raça Bruna dels Pirineus, on es va avaluar l'efecte d'una càrrega ramadera elevada, sense suplementació i durant un període curt de temps. Els resultats van mostrar que el bestiar va adaptar els seus hàbits alimentaris a una dieta més llenyosa que inclou tàxons potencialment inflamables, però amb alguns efectes perjudicials sobre l'estat de salut dels animals. Concloent-se que el bestiar boví requereix alimentació suplementària per controlar la vegetació llenyosa durant llargs períodes de temps. El segon capítol aborda el paper que poden jugar les cabres assilvestrades (Capra hircus) en el manteniment de franges tallafoc. Els resultats van mostrar que les àrees tallafoc exerceixen de per si un efecte atraient pel que fa a el bosc adjacent i que les cabres aconsegueixen reduir la biomassa herbàcia. Aquest efecte es va potenciar amb la implementació d'atraients (aigua i sal), aconseguint reduir el fitovolumen de moltes espècies llenyoses sense afectar la biodiversitat a curt o mitjà termini. Es va concloure que una gestió estratègica dels animals assilvestrats, dirigida a àrees tallafocs, podria contribuir no només a reduir el risc d'incendis sinó també a distribuir aquests animals cap als boscos, evitant així la seva dispersió cap a llocs conflictius com carreteres, residències, camps agrícoles i jardins. En el tercer capítol es va comparar la tècnica microhistológica (CMA) i la molecular amb electroforesi capil·lar (PCR-CE). Totes dues tècniques aplicades a la composició de la dieta de vaques i cabres assilvestrades. Els resultats van mostrar que les dues tècniques van detectar un nombre similar de components vegetals en la femta de tots dos animals. Es va concloure que la PCR-CE és un mètode ràpid per detectar els diferents components vegetals en la femta d'herbívors. No obstant això, no pot considerar-se com una alternativa a l'CMA, sinó com un mètode complementari, ja que les dues tècniques poden detectar alguns tàxons que no són detectats per l'altra tècnica. A més, el CMA permet detectar la presència dels diferents tàxons, i alhora, permet obtenir dades quantitatives de la composició de la dieta vegetal.
La cuenca Mediterránea, presenta una vegetación adaptada a la estacionalidad climática y a perturbaciones recurrentes como el fuego y el herbivorismo. El reciente cambio global, fenómeno que incluye el cambio climático y los cambios en los usos del suelo, han favorecido en la presencia e intensidad de los incendios forestales. Durante las últimas décadas se ha intentado promover el pastoreo en los sotobosques mediterráneos como una estrategia para disminuir el riesgo de incendios, en general con resultados satisfactorios. Sin embargo, la ganadería extensiva es un sector en claro declive, por lo que es necesario ensayar con otras especies ganaderas. En el primer capítulo trata de un estudio realizado con ganado bovino (Bos taurus), de raza Bruna dels Pirineus, donde se evaluó el efecto de una carga ganadera elevada, sin suplementación y durante un periodo corto de tiempo. Los resultados mostraron que el ganado adaptó sus hábitos alimenticios a una dieta más leñosa que incluye taxones potencialmente inflamables, pero con algunos efectos perjudiciales sobre el estado de salud de los animales. Concluyéndose que el ganado bovino requiere alimentación suplementaria para controlar la vegetación leñosa durante largos períodos de tiempo. El segundo capítulo aborda el papel que pueden jugar las cabras asilvestradas (Capra hircus) en el mantenimiento de franjas cortafuego. Los resultados mostraron que las áreas cortafuego ejercen de por sí un efecto atrayente respecto al bosque colindante y que las cabras consiguen reducir la biomasa herbácea. Este efecto se potenció con la implementación de atrayentes (agua y sal), consiguiendo reducir el fitovolumen de muchas especies leñosas sin afectar la biodiversidad a corto o medio plazo. Se concluyó que una gestión estratégica de los animales asilvestrados, dirigida a áreas cortafuegos, podría contribuir no sólo a reducir el riesgo de incendios sino también a distribuir estos animales hacia los bosques, evitando así su dispersión hacia lugares conflictivos como carreteras, residencias, campos agrícolas y jardines. En el tercer capítulo se comparó la técnica microhistológica (CMA) y la molecular con electroforesis capilar (PCR-CE). Ambas técnicas aplicadas a la composición de la dieta de vacas y cabras asilvestradas. Los resultados mostraron que ambas técnicas detectaron un número similar de componentes vegetales en las heces de ambos animales. Se concluyó que la PCR-CE es un método rápido para detectar los diferentes componentes vegetales en las heces de herbívoros. Sin embargo, no puede considerarse como una alternativa al CMA, sino como un método complementario, ya que ambas técnicas pueden detectar algunos taxones que no son detectados por la otra técnica. Además, el CMA permite detectar la presencia de los diferentes taxones, y a la vez, permite obtener datos cuantitativos de la composición de la dieta vegetal.
The Mediterranean basin presents a vegetation adapted to climatic seasonality and recurrent disturbances such as fire and herbivory. Recent global change, a phenomenon that includes climate change and changes in land use, has favored the presence and intensity of forest fires. During the last decades, attempts have been made to promote grazing in Mediterranean undergrowths as a strategy to reduce the risk of fires, in general with satisfactory results. However, extensive livestock farming is a sector in clear decline, so it is necessary to try other livestock species. The first chapter deals with a study carried out with cattle (Bos taurus), of the Bruna dels Pirineus breed, where the effect of a high stocking load, without supplementation and for a short period of time, was evaluated. The results showed that cattle adapted their feeding habits to a more woody diet that includes potentially flammable taxa, but with some detrimental effects on the health status of the animals. Concluding that cattle require supplementary feeding to control woody vegetation for long periods of time. The second chapter addresses the role that feral goats (Capra hircus) can play in maintaining fire strips. The results showed that the firebreak areas in themselves exert an attractive effect with respect to the surrounding forest and that the goats manage to reduce the herbaceous biomass. This effect was enhanced with the implementation of attractants (water and salt), reducing the phytovolume of many woody species without affecting biodiversity in the short or medium term. It was concluded that a strategic management of feral animals, directed to firebreak areas, could contribute not only to reducing the risk of fires but also to distributing these animals towards the forests, thus avoiding their dispersal towards conflictive places such as roads, residences, agricultural fields. and gardens. In the third chapter, the microhistological technique (CMA) and the molecular technique with capillary electrophoresis (PCR-CE) were compared. Both techniques applied to the composition of the diet of feral cows and goats. The results showed that both techniques detected a similar number of plant components in the faeces of both animals. It was concluded that CE-PCR is a rapid method to detect different plant components in herbivore faeces. However, it cannot be considered as an alternative to CMA, but rather as a complementary method, since both techniques can detect some taxa that are not detected by the other technique. Furthermore, the CMA allows detecting the presence of the different taxa, and at the same time, it allows obtaining quantitative data on the composition of the plant diet.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Producció Animal
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Salas, Coscollola Marina. "Assessment of welfare in captive wild ungulates." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/454899.

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És essencial assegurar alts estàndards de benestar en animals salvatges en captivitat, tant per motius ètics i legals, com per l’establiment i el manteniment de poblacions d’animals sanes i viables. L’objectiu general d’aquesta tesi fou l’estudi i l’avaluació del benestar en ungulats salvatges en captivitat, a partir de diferents estudis, en tres espècies d’ungulats: la gasela dorcas (Gazella dorcas), la daina (Dama dama) i la cabra salvatge (Capra pyrenaica). Els animals salvatges que es troben en captivitat afronten diferents situacions que els poden causar estrès crònic. La concentració de cortisol o de metabòlits de cortisol es considera un indicador per quantificar l’estrès en moltes espècies. En aquesta tesi, dos aspectes relacionats amb el benestar (l’estrès social i l’efecte dels visitants) s’han estudiat utilitzant indicadors de benestar basats en l’animal i relacionats amb el seu comportament i la seva fisiologia. Nivells elevats de comportaments agressius poden perjudicar el benestar causant dany físic i estrès crònic. Es va avaluar la sensibilitat del comportament social i de la concentració de cortisol en pèl en quatre grups de gaseles dorcas i es van trobar diferències significatives entre els grups pel que fa a la freqüència de comportaments socials negatius i a la concentració de cortisol en pèl. Això suggereix que els nivells de cortisol en pèl són sensibles a les diferències en l’estructura social de les gaseles dorcas. En ocasions, la presència dels visitants s’ha considerat causant d’un efecte negatiu en el benestar dels animals salvatges en captivitat. En un estudi sobre l’efecte dels visitants en daines i cabres salvatges, vam utilitzar com a indicadors de benestar l’expressió de comportaments de vigilància i les concentracions de metabòlits de cortisol en femta. Els resultats obtinguts a partir d’aquests indicadors eren contradictoris, suggerint que cal una aproximació multidimensional per tal d’assessorar el benestar correctament. Es va observar un augment en l’expressió de comportaments de vigilància quan hi havia més públic, però no es va veure un efecte negatiu en la concentració de metabòlits de cortisol en femta ni en cabra salvatge ni en daina. Finalment, es va desenvolupar i aplicar en cinc grups d’animals un protocol per l’avaluació del benestar en gaseles dorcas captives. El protocol incloïa 23 indicadors de benestar i va provar ser útil per detectar àrees de millora en tots els grups avaluats. El protocol presentat en aquesta tesi podria ser una eina pràctica per tots aquells centres que tenen gaseles dorcas i que volen controlar de manera rutinària el benestar dels animals sota el seu càrrec.
Es esencial asegurar altos estándares de bienestar en animales salvajes en cautividad, tanto por motivos éticos y legales, como por el establecimiento y mantenimiento de poblaciones de animales sanas y viables. El objetivo general de esta tesis fue el estudio y la evaluación del bienestar en ungulados salvajes en cautividad, a partir de diferentes estudios, en tres especies de ungulados: la gacela dorcas (Gazella dorcas), el gamo (Dama dama) y la cabra salvaje (Capra pyrenaica). Los animales salvajes en cautividad afrontan diferentes situaciones que les pueden causar estrés crónico. La concentración de cortisol o de metabolitos de cortisol se considera un indicador para cuantificar el estrés en muchas especies. En esta tesis, dos aspectos relacionados con el bienestar (el estrés social y el efecto de los visitantes) se han estudiado utilizando indicadores de bienestar basados en el animal y relacionados con su comportamiento y su fisiología. Niveles elevados de comportamientos agresivos pueden perjudicar el bienestar causando daño físico y estrés crónico. Se evaluó la sensibilidad del comportamiento social y de la concentración de cortisol en pelo en cuatro grupos de gacelas dorcas y se encontraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos en la frecuencia de comportamientos sociales negativos y en la concentración de cortisol en pelo. Esto sugiere que los niveles de cortisol en pelo son sensibles a las diferencias en la estructura social de las gacelas dorcas. En ocasiones, la presencia de los visitantes se ha considerado causante de un efecto negativo en el bienestar de los animales salvajes en cautividad. En un estudio sobre el efecto de los visitantes en gamos y cabras salvajes, utilizamos como indicadores de bienestar la expresión de los comportamientos de vigilancia y las concentraciones de los metabolitos de cortisol en heces. Los resultados obtenidos a partir de estos indicadores eran contradictorios, sugiriendo que es necesaria una aproximación multidimensional para poder asesorar correctamente el bienestar. Se observó un aumento en la expresión de comportamientos de vigilancia cuando había más público, pero no se observó un efecto negativo en la concentración de metabolitos de cortisol en heces ni en cabra salvaje ni en gamo. Finalmente, se desarrolló y aplicó en cinco grupos de animales un protocolo para la evaluación del bienestar en gacelas dorcas cautivas. El protocolo incluía 23 indicadores de bienestar y probó ser útil para detectar áreas de mejora en todos los grupos evaluados. El protocolo presentado en esta tesis podría ser una herramienta práctica para todos aquellos centros que tienen gacelas dorcas y que quieren controlar de manera rutinaria el bienestar de los animales bajo su cuidado.
Ensuring high standards of welfare in wild animals kept in captivity is essential for ethical and legal reasons, as well as for the establishment and maintenance of viable populations of animals in good health. The general aim of this thesis was the study and assessment of animal welfare in wild ungulates in captivity through the use of case studies in three different species of ungulates: dorcas gazelles (Gazella dorcas), fallow deer (Dama dama) and Spanish ibex (Capra pyrenaica). Wild animals kept in captivity face different situations that can cause chronic stress to the individuals. The concentration of cortisol or cortisol metabolites has been advanced as an indicator to quantify stress in many species. In this thesis, two different welfare issues (social stress and visitor effect) were studied using behavioural and physiological animal-based welfare indicators. High levels of aggressive behaviours can impair welfare by causing physical damage and chronic stress to the animals. The sensitivity of social behaviour and hair cortisol concentration was evaluated in four groups of dorcas gazelles. Significant differences between groups of gazelles were found in frequency of negative social behaviour and hair cortisol concentration, suggesting that hair cortisol levels are sensitive to differences in the social structure of dorcas gazelles. Visitor presence has been described on occasions as having a negative effect on the welfare of captive animals. Our study of the visitor effect in fallow deer and Spanish ibex used the expression of vigilance behaviours and the concentrations of faecal cortisol metabolites as welfare indicators. Conflicting results between these indicators suggested that a multidimensional approach is necessary in order to properly assess welfare. The visitor presence increased the expression of vigilance behaviours, but did not have a negative effect on the faecal cortisol metabolites concentration in Spanish ibex and fallow deer. Finally, a protocol for the assessment of welfare in captive dorcas gazelles was developed and applied to five different groups of this species. The protocol included 23 welfare indicators and it was found to be useful to detect areas for improvement in all groups assessed. The protocol presented in this thesis could be a useful tool for the centres that keep dorcas gazelles under their care and want to routinely check the welfare of the animals.
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Dean, Rebecca Marie 1973. "Ungulate ethoarchaeology: Interpreting Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene archaeological ungulate assemblages from southwest Asia." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278641.

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Zooarchaeologists are beginning to produce more data on age profiles and sex ratios in archaeological faunal assemblages, but often lack the ecological basis to interpret these data. This thesis reviews the ethological literature on four main prey species found in southwest Asia faunal assemblages during the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene: gazelle (Gazella sp.), Fallow deer (Dama dama mesopotamica), wild goat (Capra ibex) and wild sheep (Ovis sp.). This ethological review is used to develop models which predict the age and sex composition of archaeological faunal assemblages that were produced during different seasons and by different hunting techniques. Finally, a review of the archaeological record from the Pleistocene/Holocene transition in southwest Asia puts the age and sex ratios from archaeofaunas into the context of economic intensification and domestication.
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Bodmer, Richard Ernest. "Frugivory in Amazon ungulates." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304093.

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Spear, Dian. "The extent, impact and management of ungulate translocations." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4504.

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Thesis (PhD (Botany and Zoology))--Stellenbosch University, 2008.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The worldwide movement of biota is of substantial concern for the conservation of biodiversity. The movement of species takes place at three different scales. These are translocations of indigenous species within their natural distribution ranges, the translocation of species outside their natural distribution ranges within geopolitical boundaries (i.e. extralimital introductions) and the translocation of species outside geopolitical boundaries and their natural distribution ranges (i.e. extraregional introductions). Ungulates are extensively translocated at each of these scales and each scale of translocation is expected to have different impacts on biodiversity. Ungulates are translocated for conservation purposes such as reintroducing species to places where they have previously gone extinct and to mitigate inbreeding in small, isolated populations. Ungulates are also extensively translocated for economic and recreational reasons, such as for sport hunting. Translocations for sport hunting include indigenous, extralimital and extraregional species. Concerns for translocations of indigenous species are largely for the loss of genetic diversity through the mixing of genetically distinct populations, and concerns for extralimital and extraregional translocations are for impacts on indigenous biodiversity such as through herbivory, competition, hybridization and disease transmission. This thesis investigates the extent of ungulate introductions globally and at a finer resolution in South Africa. It investigates the pathways, drivers and impacts of ungulate introductions and it also investigates the use of surrogates for genetic distinctiveness for advising the translocation of indigenous ungulates. The study finds that ungulate translocations have been extensive and have lead to the homogenization of ungulate assemblages in countries globally and at a quarter-degree grid-cell resolution in South Africa. Zoos were identified as a potential introduction pathway for extraregional ungulates globally and in South Africa extraregional introductions have made ungulate assemblages more different; whereas large numbers of extralimital introductions have made ungulate assemblages more similar. The homogenization of ungulate species in South Africa has increased with time, due to increased numbers of translocations, particularly of extralimital species. In South Africa translocations have most recently been made to high-income areas with high human population density and high livestock density; whereas in the 1960s ungulates were introduced to areas species poor for indigenous ungulates and marginal for livestock. In South Africa, long distance translocations of indigenous species extralimitally has resulted in extensive range expansions of a magnitude greater than predicted range changes as a result of predicted climate change. When the use of surrogates of genetic distinctiveness for advising translocations was investigated for Africa, the East African rift valley was found to be important in delineating genetic distinctiveness and translocations across this feature should be prevented. Major rivers in Africa also showed potential for delineating genetic distinctiveness in ungulates, but relevant phylogeographic data are needed to confirm this. Sufficient evidence for the impacts of non-indigenous ungulates on biodiversity both in South Africa and globally is lacking despite substantial concern for their impacts. It is suggested that to demonstrate the impacts of non-indigenous ungulates exclosure and enclosure experiments should be used and population declines in indigenous species should be shown.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Verskuiwing van plante en diere wêreldwyd lei tot groot kommer in gevolge die bewaring van biodiversiteit. Verskuiwings vind op drie skale plaas, naamlik, die verskuiwing van inheemse spesies binne hulle natuurlike verspreidingsgebied, die verskuiwing van spesies buite hul natuurlike verspreidingsgebied maar binne landsgrense (d.w.s. buite limiet verskuiwings), en die verskuiwing van spesies buite hul natuurlike verspreidingsgebied en buite landsgrense (d.w.s. buite grondgebied verskuiwings). Grootskaalse verskuiwing van hoefdiere vind op al drie skale plaas. Verskuiwing op elk van die skale sal na verwagting biodiversiteit verskillend beïnvloed. Hoefdiere word ook vir bewaringsdoeleindes verskuif, bv. die herbevolking van ‘n gebied waar die spesies uitgesterf het, asook om genetiese probleme wat gepaardgaan met klein bevolkingsgroottes te vermy. Hoefdiere word ook verskuif vir ekonomiese- en ontspannings redes, o.a. vir sportjag, en sluit verskuiwings op al drie skale in. Kommer oor verskuiwings binne ‘n spesies se verspreidingsgebied rus hoofsaaklik op die verlies van genetiese diversiteit a.g.v. die vermenging van vorig genetiese eiensoortige bevolkings, terwyl op die ander twee skale kommer hoofsaaklik gebaseer is op die impakte van kompetisie, interteling, predasie, herbivoor effek, en die verspreiding van parasiete op inheemse biodiversiteit. Hierdie proefskrif ondersoek die omvang van hoefdier verskuiwings globaal asook in Suid Afrika. Die verskuiwingsweë, oorsake en impakte van verskuiwings word hier ondersoek, asook die maatstawwe van genetiese eiensoortigheid om advies oor verskuiwings te verskaf. Die bevindings toon op ekstensiewe verskuiwing van hoefdiere wat eenvormigheid van hoefdier spesiesamestellings wêreldwyd bevorder het, sowel as op ‘n kwartgraad skaal in Suid Afrika. Dieretuine is geïdentifiseer as ‘n potensiële bron van buite grondgebied verskuiwings. In Suid Afrika het buite grondgebied verskuiwings hoefdier spesiesamestellings minder eenvormig gemaak, terwyl buite limiet verskuiwings hoefdier samestellings binne Suid Afrika meer eenvormig gemaak het. Eenvormigheid in hoefdier spesiesamestellings het met tyd in Suid Afrika toegeneem as gevolg van ‘n toename in veral buite limiet verskuiwings. In Suid Afrika is verskuiwings mees onlangs na hoë-inkomste gebiede met hoë menslike bevolkingsen veëdigthede gemaak. In die sestiger jare is hoefdiere egter verskuif na gebiede waar min inheemse hoefdiere voorgekom het en wat marginaal was vir veëboerdery. In Suid Afrika het langafstand buite limiet verskuiwings versoorsaak dat die verspreidingsgebiede van sekere hoefdier spesies groter is as wat die geval sal wees met voorspelde klimaatsveranderinge. Waneer surogaat inligting gebruik word om genetiese verskille tussen bevolkings te identifiseer om verskuiwings te adviseer, word die Oos Afrika Rift vallei geïdentifiseer as ‘n belangrike breuk tussen bevolkings. Verskuiwings oor die vallei moet verkieslik nie plaasvind nie. Groot riviere in Afrika speel ‘n soortgelyke rol, maar verdere genetiese inligting is nodig om dit te bevestig. Alhoewel kommer oor die impak van verskuiwings groot en teoreties verdedigbaar is, bestaan daar te min konkrete bewyse vir die impakte in Suid Afrika. Daar word voorgestel dat manipuleringseksperimente uitgevoer moet word om impakte te demonstreer, en dat aandag veral gegee moet word aan die demonstrasie van impakte op inheemse spesies.
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Nielson, Patrice Alexa. "Variable Palatability of Quaking Aspen for Large Ungulate Herbivores." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2010. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2589.

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Aspen is a key resource in the Rocky Mountain Region for wildlife forage and habitat, lumber products, scenery, and plays important roles in fire ecology and hydrological processes. There is evidence of aspen decline over much of the Intermountain West for approximately 100 years. In Dixie and Fishlake National Forests, UT, aspen distribution has decreased by nearly half. Causes of this decline are not well understood, although wildlife browsing by ungulates has been implicated as playing a major role. The objective of this research was to examine what soil or plant factors might be involved in wildlife browse choice in aspen. Twenty-two pairs of moderately and intensively browsed sites were studied to identify factors related to browse preferences over two field seasons. In the summer of 2008, sites were sampled in June, July, and August, and in the summer of 2009 sites were sampled in August only. Soils were analyzed for pH, EC, total nitrogen and carbon, and mineral nutrients. Leaf tissue samples were analyzed for defense chemical (tannin and phenolic glycoside) concentrations, mineral nutrients (via acid digestion), acid-detergent fiber, water content, carbon:nitrogen ratio, and non-structural carbohydrate (sugar) concentration. No significant difference in phenolic glycoside concentrations between moderately and intensively browsed sites was found. Tannins were highest in sites with intensive levels of browsing. Iron was significantly higher and zinc lower in intensively than moderately browsed sites. Leaf moisture was also significantly lower in intensively browsed sites. In the absence of differences in phenolic glycosides, ungulates may be selecting browse sites based on iron requirements. Seasonal changes in the studied factors could be identified in 2008. Over the course of the summer, we found significant decreases in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper, phenolic glycosides, and moisture concentration. Seasonal increases in calcium, sodium, tannins, sugars, acid-detergent fiber, and carbon:nitrogen ratios were observed. The need for large ungulates to obtain specific nutrients may indicate that aspen is in higher demand as a forage at different times of the year, particularly in areas with forages low in these nutrients. Our data suggest that aspen high in iron may be at risk since other factors explaining browsing choice were not significantly different in our study. This information can help identify clones that are at risk and direct resources where and when they are needed most.
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Haney, Michael J. "Ungulate Damage to Safflower in San Juan County, Utah." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1037.

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In Utah, farmers are concerned that ungulates are damaging safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) fields. I examined elk (Cervus elaphus) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) damage to safflower production in San Juan County, Utah during 2009 and 2010. Data on damaged safflower plants were collected within 28 fields, totaling 1,581 ha (13 fields totaling 963 ha during 2009; 15 fields totaling 618 ha during 2010). I compared 3 methods to assess losses: ungulate-proof exclosures, adjacent plant compensation method, and counting the number of damaged plants in 50-m transects (safflower count method). Exclosures were of limited use because they could not be erected until farmers stopped using cultivating their fields. Hence, this method did not account for ungulate damage to young plants. The adjacent plant compensation method assessed yields within 1 m of a randomly-selected damaged plant to account for any compensatory growth of neighboring plants but this method proved inaccurate because ungulate herbivory was concentrated so that a browsed plant was often surrounded by other browsed plants so no compensatory growth by surrounding plants occurred. The most accurate method was the safflower count method which determined the number of damaged plants within a field and then multiplied this number by the decrease in yield from an average damaged plant. I used this method to examine 981,000 plants for damage. Deer and elk damaged or killed 7.2% of safflower plants during 2009 and 1.4% of plants during 2010. Overall yield reduction was 2.9% during 2009 and 0.6% in 2010. The total value of safflower loss within all surveyed fields in 2009 was $9,023 for a loss of $9.42 / ha. The loss of value within surveyed fields in 2010 was $2,330, or $3.77 / ha. The best model for predicting ungulate damage in 2009 included distance to canyon from field edge and the percent of a field bordered by a fallow field, while the best model for 2010 included distance to canyon from field edge and the percent of a field bordered by a wheat field. Safflower farmers were surveyed in the spring of 2010 to compare perceived losses in their fields during 2009 to those measured in this study. Farmers believed that damage by deer and elk reduced their yields by 20% with most damage caused by elk (x¯ =12% by elk, 7% by deer, 1% by other wildlife). On average, perceptions of damage were 5.2 times higher than the actual levels I measured during 2009. This was not surprising because farmers usually surveyed their field from the field’s edge and ungulate damage was concentrated along the edge of the fields.
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Reyna, Hurtado Rafael Angel. "Hunting effects on the ungulate species in Calakmul Forest, Mexico." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001176.

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Kenyon, Marc Wayne Jr. "Evaluation of a web-based tool for ungulate harvest management." Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/kenyon/KenyonM0806.pdf.

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Hunting the female segment of a wild ungulate population is an effective wildlife management tool to control overpopulation. Most hunters prefer to harvest males however, limiting success in controlling overpopulation. Landowners attempting to manage wild ungulate overpopulation have expressed difficulty with finding hunters who wish to harvest female ungulates. Likewise, some hunters willing to harvest female ungulates have difficulty locating private landowners seeking hunters. The Montana State University Wildlife Extension Program created the DoeCowHunt website to help remedy this situation (www.DoeCowHunt.montana.edu). This website is a tool to facilitate contact between landowners and hunters for harvesting doe deer (Odocoileus spp.), doe pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) and cow elk (Cervus elaphus). The website has been available for the Montana 2003, 2004 and 2005 big-game hunting seasons, with over 40,000 visits and 2,500 registered users. The objectives of this study were to evaluate this website's effectiveness in providing an avenue for contact between landowners and hunters and to make any necessary improvements to the website. Measures of the website's effectiveness and improvements were identified from electronic mail questionnaires sent to the registered users of the website over three years. Surveys identified problems with the search and registration processes and low landowner use. After modifying the website, no differences in hunters' reported numbers of invitations to hunt, antlerless deer, elk and pronghorn harvested or the proportion of hunters planning to use the website the following year were detected. However, reported numbers of contacts by hunters differed across years (X² = 7.578, 2 df), as well as the numbers of successful hunts (X² = 7.107, 2 df) and the numbers of antlerless ungulates harvested (X² = 14.115, 2 df). Therefore, the modifications of the search and registration processes appear to have increased the capacity of the website to achieve its objectives. Recommendations for other management agencies developing similar programs are provided.
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Books on the topic "Ungulati"

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Museum, Royal British Columbia, ed. Hoofed mammals of British Columbia. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1999.

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Shackleton, David M. Hoofed mammals of British Columbia. Vancouver: UBC Press, 1999.

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Ungulate management in Europe: Problems and practices. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Hornedanimals. Minneapolis, Minn: Lerner Publications, 1987.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Horned animals. Minneapolis, Minn: Lerner Publications, 1987.

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Aaseng, Nathan. Horned animals. Minneapolis, Minn: Lerner Publications, 1987.

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1942-2006, Grubb Peter, ed. Ungulate taxonomy. Baltimore, Md: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011.

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Putman, Rory, Marco Apollonio, and Reidar Andersen, eds. Ungulate Management in Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511974137.

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Dean, Rebecca Marie. Ungulate ethoarchaeology: Interpreting late Pleistocene and early Holocene archaeological ungulate assemblages from Southwest Asia. Ann Arbor, MI: UMI, 1998.

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Baskin, Leonid, and Kjell Danell. Ecology of Ungulates. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06820-5.

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Book chapters on the topic "Ungulati"

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Yeates, James, and Paul McGreevy. "Ungulates (Ungulata )." In Companion Animal Care and Welfare, 249–65. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119333708.ch12.

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Baltzinger, Christophe, Ushma Shukla, Lindelwa S. Msweli, and Colleen T. Downs. "Ungulates as dispersal vectors of non-native plants." In Plant invasions: the role of biotic interactions, 105–37. Wallingford: CABI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789242171.0105.

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Abstract Ungulates are present worldwide with 257 recorded species, including livestock. They cover different functional gradients, be it feeding regime, digestive strategy, body size, body mass, fur characteristics or sociality. All these specificities may intervene at different stages of animal-mediated plant dispersal. Ungulates move diaspores from both native and non-native plants, through endo- and epizoochory. Initially introduced by humans, non-native plants bearing specific traits can be carried over long distances and to new environments by ungulates. These vectors can further free local resources necessary for the germination and the subsequent growth of the released diaspores. We first looked at trait-based plant community changes at different timescales in the presence of different native ungulates. We then reviewed the literature on endozoochory, regurgitation and fur-epizoochory assisted by ungulates, focusing on the dispersal of non-native plants. We made an overall assessment of ungulate-mediated non-native plant dispersal by biogeographical zone and dispersal mode, and then provided additional information on plant growth form and taxonomy, vectors and associated modes of dispersal. Results are presented for four main ungulate families: Cervidae, Bovidae, Suidae and Equidae. For each family, we highlight our findings either by ungulate if sufficiently represented (e.g. Odocoileus virginianus, Bison bison, Bos taurus) or by group of species. According to their feeding regime, grazers dispersed solely forbs and graminoids whereas omnivores also dispersed plants from other growth forms (i.e. cactus, vine, shrub and tree). Numerous non-native plants are dispersed by ungulates around the world, but this is probably the visible part of the iceberg, as only 32 ungulates (i.e. 12%) have been studied as vectors so far, suggesting their overall contribution is certainly underrated.
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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Ungulata." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 2979. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_3542.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Ungulata." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_3542-1.

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Miecznikowski, Nadia, and Sarah Snider. "Ungulate." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1455-1.

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Miecznikowski, Nadia, and Sarah Snider. "Ungulate." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 7136–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1455.

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Shields, Vonnie D. C., Lawrence F. Gall, and Michael K. Rust. "Ungulate Lice." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 4026. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_2298.

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Bamforth, Douglas B. "Ungulate Ecology." In Ecology and Human Organization on the Great Plains, 41–52. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2061-4_4.

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Greene, Kelley, and Cynthia Stringfield. "Exotic Ungulates." In Hand-Rearing Wild and Domestic Mammals, 256–61. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470385005.ch32.

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Wieser, Doris. "Khosa, Ungulani Ba Ka." In Kindlers Literatur Lexikon (KLL), 1. Stuttgart: J.B. Metzler, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-476-05728-0_23128-1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Ungulati"

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De Battisti, R., and Cristiana Colpi. "Danni da ungulati alla rinnovazione naturale delle foreste. Un confronto tra alcune esperienze di indagine." In Terzo Congresso Nazionale di Selvicoltura. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/cns2008.165.

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Paci, Marco, and Livio Bianchi. "Fauna ungulata e dinamiche evolutive di soprassuoli forestali in Toscana." In Terzo Congresso Nazionale di Selvicoltura. Accademia Italiana di Scienze Forestali, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4129/cns2008.029.

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Macdonald, Ellen, Asko Löhmus, Claes Bernes, Kaisa Junninen, Biljana Macura, Jörg Müller, Jennie Sandström, and Bengt-Gunnar Jonsson. "Can manipulation of ungulate herbivory facilitate biodiversity conservation for forest vegetation and invertebrates?" In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107555.

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Sanusi, M. A. Mohd, M. A. Shukor, W. A. Wan Juliana, and C. Traeholt. "Activity pattern of selected ungulates at Krau Wildlife Reserve." In THE 2013 UKM FST POSTGRADUATE COLLOQUIUM: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2013 Postgraduate Colloquium. AIP Publishing LLC, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4858677.

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Boardman, Grant Stanley, and Travis Atwood. "THE MIDDLE MIOCENE CLIMATE TRANSITION IN LOUISIANA: PALEOENVIRONMENTAL EVIDENCE FROM UNGULATE ENAMEL STABLE ISOTOPES." In 50th Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016sc-272242.

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Gallacher, David, and Tamer Khafaga. "Shrub species exhibit differing long-term responses to a change in the species of ungulate browsing." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/106996.

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Gaetano, Maddie, Joshua Miller, Eric Wald, and Patrick Druckenmiller. "UNGULATES AS MAJOR TAPHONOMIC AGENTS AND BONE RECYCLERS IN AN ARCTIC ECOSYSTEM." In GSA Connects 2021 in Portland, Oregon. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021am-370189.

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Feldman, Hannah Z., Christopher T. Kobol, Sage K. Iskra, Julie M. Gang, Salvatore A. Ralff, Nolan Barrette, and Ilya V. Buynevich. "ZOOGEOMORPHIC IMPACT OF UNGULATES ALONG A SMALL BEDROCK-CONTROLLED CREEK, BUCKS COUNTY, PA." In Joint 69th Annual Southeastern / 55th Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting - 2020. Geological Society of America, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2020se-343269.

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Weaver, Lucas, Stephen G. Chester, Jordan W. Crowell, and Tyler R. Lyson. "A SMALL ARCHAIC UNGULATE MAMMAL SKULL FROM THE EARLY PALEOCENE DENVER FORMATION OF COLORADO (CORRAL BLUFFS, EL PASO COUNTY)." In GSA Connects 2022 meeting in Denver, Colorado. Geological Society of America, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2022am-383209.

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Ojo, Mike O., Davide Adami, and Stefano Giordano. "Network Performance Evaluation of a LoRa-based IoT System for Crop Protection Against Ungulates." In 2020 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Computer Aided Modeling and Design of Communication Links and Networks (CAMAD). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/camad50429.2020.9209317.

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Reports on the topic "Ungulati"

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Kupferschmid, Andrea Doris. Assessment of ungulate effects on trees in the canton of Vaud: comparison of data from the Swiss NFI2 and NFI4 on ungulate browsing, fraying and bark stripping. Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research, WSL, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55419/wsl:31433.

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Zwartjes, Patrick W., Jean-Luc E. Cartron, Pamela L. L. Stoleson, Walter C. Haussamen, and Tiffany E. Crane. Assessment of native species and ungulate grazing in the Southwest: Terrestrial wildlife. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-142.

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Rowland, Mary M., Larry D. Bryant, Bruce K. Johnson, James H. Noyes, Michael J. Wisdom, and Jack Ward Thomas. The Starkey project: history, facilities, and data collection methods for ungulate research. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-396.

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Clevenger, Anthony P., and Adam T. Ford. A before-after-control-impact study of wildlife fencing along a highway in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Nevada Department of Transportation, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.02.

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Wildlife exclusion fencing has become a standard component of highway mitigation systems designing to reduce collisions with large mammals. Past work on the effectiveness of exclusion fencing has relied heavily on control-impact (i.e., space-for-time substitutions) and before-after study designs. These designs limit inference and may confound the effectiveness of mitigation with co-occurring process that also change the rate of collisions. We used a replicated before-after-control-impact study design to assess fencing effectiveness along the Trans-Canada Highway in the Rocky Mountains of Canada. We found that collisions declined for common ungulates species (elk, mule deer and white-tailed deer) by up to 96% but not for large carnivores. The weak response of carnivores is likely due to combination of fence intrusions and low sample sizes. When accounting for background changes in collision rates observed at control sites, naïve estimates of fencing effectiveness declined by 6% at one site to 90% and increased by 10% at another to a realized effectiveness of 82%. When factoring in the cost of ungulate collisions to society as a whole, fencing provided a net economic gain within 1 year of construction. Over a 10-year period, fencing would provide a net economic gain of >$500,000 per km in reduced collisions. In contrast, control site may take upwards of 90 years before the background rates of collisions decline to a break even point. Our study highlights the benefits of long-term monitoring of road mitigation projects and provides evidence of fencing effectiveness for reducing wildlife-vehicle collisions involving large mammals.
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Kie, John G. Performance in wild ungulates: measuring population density and condition of individuals. Berkeley, CA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experiment Station, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/psw-gtr-106.

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Huijser, Marcel, and S. C. Getty. The effectiveness of electrified barriers to keep large mammals out of fenced road corridors. Nevada Department of Transportation, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15788/ndot2022.09.30.

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For this project the researchers investigated the effectiveness of different types of electrified barriers for varying traffic volume and traffic speed. Some barriers were investigated for carnivores only, whereas others were evaluated for both ungulates and carnivores. Finally, we combined the data from our field studies with those reported in the literature and conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of different types and dimensions of barriers for both ungulates and carnivores. In general, electrified barriers can be a substantial barrier to species with paws, including black bears. However, careful maintenance and monitoring is required for these measures to succeed.
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McWilliams, William H., James A. Westfall, Patrick H. Brose, Daniel C. Dey, Anthony W. D'Amato, Yvette L. Dickinson, Mary Ann Fajvan, et al. Subcontinental-scale patterns of large-ungulate herbivory and synoptic review of restoration management implications for midwestern and northeastern forests. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-gtr-182.

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Mwebe, Robert, Chester Kalinda, Ekwaro A. Obuku, Eve Namisango, Alison A. Kinengyere, Moses Ocan, Ann Nanteza, Savino Biryomumaisho, and Lawrence Mugisha. Epidemiology and effectiveness of interventions for Foot and Mouth Disease in Africa: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0039.

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Review question / Objective: What is the epidemiology and effectiveness of control measures for foot and mouth disease in African countries?’ PICOS: Description of elements Population/ problem/Setting: Artiodactyla (cloven ungulates), domestic (cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs), camels and wildlife (buffaloes, deer, antelope, wild pigs, elephant, giraffe, and camelids) affected by Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) or Hoof and Mouth Disease (HMD) caused by the Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in Africa. Intervention: Prevention measures: vaccination, ‘biosafety and biosecurity’, sensitization of the public. Control measures: quarantine, movement control, closure of markets and stock routes, mouth swabbing of animals with infected materials (old technique that is no long applicable), culling, mass slaughter, stamping out and any other interventions or control measures generally accepted by the ‘community of practice’ of animal health practitioners. Comparator: areas that did not have any control activities for FMD, in head-to-head comparisons in the same study. Outcome: epidemiological outcomes: incidence, prevalence, patterns or trends, clinical symptoms, and risk factors. Effectiveness outcomes: success, and usefulness of the interventions measured as averted deaths, illness and infections, and costs associated with the interventions (cost–effectiveness). Study design: epidemiological designs include cohort design for incidence, cross sectional for prevalence and case-control for clinical symptoms and risk factors. Interventional designs include randomized controlled trials, cluster randomized trials, quasi-experimental designs – controlled before and after, interrupted time series, [regression discontinuity design, difference-in-difference, and propensity score matching]. Timelines: 1900 – 2022.
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Ecology of native ungulates in the Jackson Valley: Habitat selection, interactions with domestic livestock, and effects of herbivory on grassland and willow communities. US Geological Survey, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/96215.

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