Journal articles on the topic 'UNESCO cultural landscape'
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1
Gábor Kerékgyártó. "Cultural landscape on the border: érmellék." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 49 (November 13, 2012): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/49/2524.
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Cultural landscapes are haunting topic of the european spatial development. Cultural landscapes as cultural heritage determine the local and regional identity. The study shows the role and the significance of the cultural landscape by the help of UNESCO World Heritage Convention, the European Spatial Development Perspective and the European Landscape Convention. The article speaks about how can we maintain and develop cross border landscapes and cultural landscapes and through introducing Érmellék it would like to draw attention to the fact that landscape level planning and development of common landscape politics are one of the main interests of Hungary. That kind of politics play an important role not only in maintaining landscapes but in the regional economic development.
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Raffa, Alessandro. "UNESCO vineyard cultural landscape and climate change’s resilient adaptation." ANUARI d’Arquitectura i Societat, no. 1 (November 30, 2021): 262–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/anuari.2021.16095.
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La viticultura ha sigut especialment sensible als canvis climàtics al llarg de la història de la humanitat, construint paisatges culturals d’extraordinària bellesa i molt adaptables als canvis. Però hui dia, a causa de la contribució antropogènica, el canvi climàtic està afectant i afectarà també els paisatges culturals tradicionals de la vinya, en particular als repartits per la conca mediterrània. L’actual acceleració del canvi i la necessitat d’adaptar-se, també està desafiant les posicions, les polítiques i les pràctiques de conservació de la UNESCO i els seus òrgans consultius. En aquest marc teòric i operatiu canviant, s’ha investigat el paisatge cultural de la vinya de la UNESCO per a comprendre l’enfocament actual sobre el terreny de l’adaptació al clima. En particular, resulta interessant el cas d’estudi de Prosecco Hills de Conegliano i Valdobbiadene de la UNESCO que fa referència explícita en el seu Pla de Gestió al canvi climàtic com a amenaça. A través de l’estudi de cas identificat i dels avanços en el discurs sobre el patrimoni cultural climàtic, la contribució pretén obrir una reflexió sobre l’adaptació dels paisatges culturals de les vinyes de la UNESCO al canvi climàtic, identificant algunes directrius que podrien informar el futur procés d’adaptació. Al final, es presentarà una experimentació metodològica en curs d’un projecte de cartografia cultural centrada en les persones per a l’adaptació dins dels Prosecco Hills, subratllant la urgència de realitzar més investigacions sobre el paisatge cultural de les vinyes de la UNESCO.
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Fadaei Nezhad, Somayeh, Parastoo Eshrati, and Dorna Eshrati. "A DEFINITION OF AUTHENTICITY CONCEPT IN CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL LANDSCAPES." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 9, no. 1 (March 18, 2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v9i1.473.
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Cultural landscape can be defined as the result of human interaction with nature over time, which has led to the formation of the many and diverse layers of value. Currently, the UNESCO World Heritage Centre has a unique role among other scientific associations. In recent years, the World Heritage Center has put efforts into developing a framework and measures for evaluation and management of cultural landscapes. Moreover, the concept of authenticity; as the transmitter of values and significance of cultural landscape, is considered as the key component in the process of cultural landscape conservation. A lot of scientific resources have pointed out the importance of authenticity in the process of conserving cultural landscapes. However, the role of authenticity within the domain of conservation of cultural landscapes has received little attention. One of the main reasons can be lack of adaptation between conventional definitions of UNESCO and international documents concerning the authenticity for including the flexible and dynamic structure of cultural landscapes around the world. Therefore, this paper seeks to explore and develop a flexible framework in order to redefine the concept of authenticity in relation to cultural landscapes, which has some overlaps with UNESCO definitions despite its differences. For developing this framework, Iranian-Islamic philosophy of Mollasadra is applied and described with some examples of cultural landscapes in Iran.
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Thinnakorn, Wirut, and Tanakorn Anurak. "Valuing Cultural Landscape Heritage in Historic Areas: Proposed Assessment Criteria from Thailand." International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning 17, no. 5 (August 31, 2022): 1543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.170518.
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A historic area is a valuable cultural heritage site. A historic community’s landscape is no less valuable than the historic buildings. In Thailand, conservation organisations only preserve and value buildings with high archaeological importance. The appreciation of surrounding landscapes is still lacking. This study aimed to establish criteria for valuing cultural landscape in Thailand. The methodology was by reviewing concepts of cultural heritage, historic area, cultural landscape, and evaluation criteria created by UNESCO and Thai organisations so as to build the new criteria. We then proposed the criteria in four areas: aesthetics, history, science and education, and society, which would correspond to current guidelines to cover cultural landscapes comprehensively.
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Michałowski, Andrzej. "KRAJOBRAZ KULTUROWY NA LIŚCIE ŚWIATOWEGO DZIEDZICTWA – POLSKIE DOŚWIADCZENIA." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_03.
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The central organisation around which Polish cooperation with UNESCO on implementing the World Heritage Convention has been concentrated from the beginning is the Polish National Committee ICOMOS.The cooperation has been organised by institutions and people connected in some way with the Committee. Specialised institutions were gradually joining the cooperation. One example of such measures was the appointment of the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation, transformed subsequently into the Centre for the Protection of Historic Landscape in Warsaw. A „garden” conservation society has gathered around this institution, composed of art historians, landscape architects, architects and gardeners. They have been carrying out interdisciplinary works concerning historic gardens and cultural landscapes in Poland. Their cooperation with the Polish National Committee ICOMOS andthe International Committee of Historic Gardens and Sites ICOMOS – IFLA was connected with the activities of UNESCO. Major activities of the Centre include: valuation and assessment of cultural landscapes for the World Heritage List; drawing up, in collaboration with the Fürst-Pückler-Park Bad Muskau Foundation, an application for the inscription of Park Muskau in the UNESCO World Heritage List; organisation of international conference: „The Regional Expert Meeting on Cultural Landscapes in Eastern Europe” in Białystok in 1999 at the request of WHC UNESCO; organisation of international conference „Cemetery Art” in 1993 at the request of WHC UNESCO, along with accompanying exhibitions concerning specific issues, organised by the Board of Historical Gardens and Palaces Conservation in Warsaw.
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Goggin, Sean. "Is UNESCO Clouding the International Culture Landscape: Legal Clarity?" International Organizations Law Review 9, no. 1 (2012): 121–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15723747-00901018.
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Since its formation in 1945, UNESCO has established itself at the centre of the international debate on culture. In general, the forum has been a progressive force in the development of cultural policy. However, in spite of what has been a successful tenure by the body, its efforts are hampered by an unclear portrayal of culture. The research asks if the situation is compatible with the principle of legal clarity. Focusing on the protection of cultural identity, the research takes the form of an historical study of UNESCO’s work on culture. The research also explores the implications of the situation for international human rights law.
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Bolici, Roberto, Matteo Gambaro, and Cristiana Giordano. "The regaining of public spaces to enhance the historic urban landscape." Journal of Public Space 2, no. 1 (May 1, 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/jps.v2i1.49.
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<p>Open spaces in the urban landscapes suffer from deterioration caused by man that leads to two major outcomes: on one side they are abandoned because of newer contemporary needs, on the other hand they tend to be “cannibalized” in the attempt to satisfy our society. This has caused a progressive retraction of urban open spaces that have become residual spaces with no shape and no name.<br />This course of crisis has damaged the identity of places and this is more acute in historic urban landscapes that are recognised as cultural heritage and world heritage. The historic urban landscape approach suggested by UNESCO recognises public spaces’ importance for society and promotes the acknowledgement of public spaces and their dynamism aiming to the integration of preservation, social development and economic targets.<br />To understand how “historic urban landscapes” are taking care of their public spaces, a few Management Plans of UNESCO’s World Heritage cities have been compared. Only Italian UNESCO sites with an “urban complex” characterisation have been considered, this means a limited part of a city with homogenous characteristics from a spatial, historic and cultural point of view. We have focused our attention on the specific interventions for the management of open spaces, in order to identify the major targets and their executive tools, projects and actions.<br />In the light of the above-mentioned analyses, we propose some strategies to fight the decline of public spaces (streets, squares, gardens, etc.) and to enhance these spaces with great attention, trying to improve their fruition and comfort according to their historic and cultural values.<br />The need to identify design strategies to enhance public spaces within the historic urban landscape is included in the research and test activities carried out in the UNESCO site of Mantova and Sabbioneta. This site is an excellent area of applicability because of its urban shape, molded in years by the Gonzaga family. Together with the UNESCO Mantova e Sabbioneta office, we have involved citizens in the requalification design to activate regaining process and test the applicability of our analyses in the city of Mantova, a very articulated and complex reality, starting from the fruition of its places and according to its morphological, environmental, cultural and perceptive aspects.</p>
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Santoro, Antonio, Francesco Piras, Beatrice Fiore, Niccolò Frassinelli, Alessandra Bazzurro, and Mauro Agnoletti. "The Role of Trees Outside Forests in the Cultural Landscape of the Colline del Prosecco UNESCO Site." Forests 13, no. 4 (March 26, 2022): 514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13040514.
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The multifunctional role of Trees Outside Forests (TOF) is largely recognized in scientific literature, but they are still rarely considered in forest inventories and planning, with consequent underestimation of their role and amount. In addition, their cultural role has rarely been considered both at scientific and management level as well as in UNESCO sites. TOF characterize many European cultural landscapes, including the one of the Colline del Prosecco, inscribed in 2019 in the UNESCO World Heritage List. One of the reasons of the inclusion, in fact, is the landscape mosaic made of vineyards interspersed with small woodlands and tree rows. This paper focuses on two types of TOF, Small Woods and Linear Tree Formations (TOF NON A/U). Their detailed mapping and the performing of different spatial analysis allowed us to assess their role and to provide data for future monitoring and for local forest planning. Results confirmed that TOF NON A/U are one of the main features of the UNESCO site landscape: despite the limited overall surface (1.95% of the area), 931 different patches have been identified. Spatial analysis highlighted the key landscape and ecological roles, acting as intermediate features between large forest patches, and also an important role for hydrological protection (they can be found also in slopes above 80% of inclination). The study provided a detailed mapping and database of one of the main features of the Colline del Prosecco UNESCO site cultural landscape, verifying the multifunctional role of TOF NON A/U and the necessity to include them into local forest planning, but also suggesting their inclusion in national forest inventories.
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Klupsz, Lidia. "KRAJOBRAZ KULTUROWY JAKO KATEGORIA ZABYTKÓW I JEGO SPECYFIKA." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 41–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_02_04.
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Cultural landscape is the most recently established category of historic sites. It has been functioning in Poland since 1990 and was mentioned for the first time in UNESCO documents in 1992. Its dual structure distinguishes it from other typology groups. As per the definition provided in the act of law, cultural landscape is an area shaped by natural factors and human activities. This field covers not only natural elements but also products of civilization. Clear and unambiguous criteria for classifying cultural landscapes according to the results of their valorisation have not been implemented into historical preservation yet. This results in difficulties in preserving and protecting cultural landscapes in Poland. Under the provisions of the European Landscape Convention, Polish government is obliged to take actions aimed at assessing landscape values. Therefore, there is a chance to resolve the stalemate.
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Sinibaldi, Elena, and Antonio Parente. "UNESCO’s tangible and intangible cultural heritage: Sustainable development perspectives." Pravovedenie 64, no. 1 (2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2020.104.
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The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage has not only introduced a conceptual and applicative expansion of the interdisciplinary subjects applied to cultural heritage, but it has also increasingly encouraged an integrated planning of sustainable development policies for territories and communities that convey and shape their relative cultural and anthropomorphic identity, along with the re-thinking of the collective dimension of heritage in terms of rights to creation and fruition as well as the related cultural management. This article presents a reflection on the opportunity to identify and develop the relationship between tangible and intangible heritage as resources that are essential to one another. To this purpose, two illustrative UNESCO application paths are examined. The first relates to the recognition of The Vineyard Landscape of Piedmont: Langhe-Roero and Monferrato as a Cultural Landscape of World Heritage, pursuant to the 1972 UNESCO Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage, while the second concerns the inscription of the intangible element The Celebration of Celestinian Forgiveness in the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity of the UNESCO 2003 Convention. Due to differences in paradigms and application criteria under the two UNESCO Conventions, which are also detectable in the Italian regulatory context, these case studies offer the opportunity to advance an interdisciplinary reflection aimed at rethinking safeguarding contexts, as well as enhancement and increasing accessibility of cultural heritage. As a result of the reflection, an analysis of the concept of living in relation to the anthropological definition of organic landscape, representation of collective identities (community-based heritage), inclusive places and sociability (public policy), communicative restitution (universal ethical values), participatory management (participative brand making), and integrated sustainability is derived.
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Delakorda Kawashima, Tinka. "The Authenticity of the Hidden Christians’ Villages in Nagasaki: Issues in Evaluation of Cultural Landscapes." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 14, 2021): 4387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084387.
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Located in the north-western part of Kyushu, “Hidden Christians Sites in the Nagasaki Region” were designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018. This serial property consists of twelve sites, including the Christian villages that bear unique testimony to a cultural tradition nurtured under a long period of religious prohibition. Based on fieldwork research at Kirishitan villages in Hirado City, this paper shows how the global conservation strategies affect the local people and the sustainability of their cultural tradition. Comparing UNESCO and Japanese cultural landscape protection policies, I argue that the evaluation and selection of sites that begin at the local authorities and stakeholders’ level, is eventually reduced to tangible properties ready-made for tourist consumption. Here, the evaluation subsides under the UNESCO authenticity criteria and narrow governmental interests towards the cultural tradition it is supposed to protect. Therefore, for the protection of cultural landscapes and the living traditions, the decisions by cultural heritage protection authorities should be carefully made, based on scientific research of a cultural tradition, and in the interest of the tradition’s living successors.
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Dezio, Catherine, Can Zhang, Yilan Zhang, and Davide Marino. "The Role of Landscape Design in Cultural Rural Areas. A Didactic Exercise to Experiment a Research-by-Design Process Applied to an Italian UNESCO Wine Site." Architecture 1, no. 2 (November 22, 2021): 117–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/architecture1020010.
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Rural landscapes all over the world are subject to great transformations, first being the continuous and slow depopulation of towns and villages. It is a dramatic phenomenon that causes devastating consequences for environmental systems and for the tangible and intangible heritage of entire territories. The situation becomes more ambiguous when it comes to cultural landscapes, especially those internationally recognized as exceptional (i.e., inscribed on the UNESCO (The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage List). In this case, the risk is to abandon agricultural production in favor of consumerist tourist economies, which can damage the territorial authenticity. In this paper, we question the role of the landscape design in strengthening territorial resilience. In particular, a composite and interdependent action has been proposed between landscape design and implementation of a multifunctional agriculture model, oriented towards tourism. To undertake this investigation, a master’s thesis work on Landscape Architecture has been examined as an opportunity to test the research-by-design method through the didactic process. The application case is the Italian UNESCO site of Vignale Monferrato, a depopulated rural village, characterized by abandoned land and buildings. The paper concludes by outlining replicability application scenarios for the proposed model.
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Chen, Jiquan, Hogeun Park, Peilei Fan, Li Tian, Zutao Ouyang, and Raffaele Lafortezza. "Cultural Landmarks and Urban Landscapes in Three Contrasting Societies." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 4295. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084295.
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Cultural heritage sites and landscapes are intuitively connected in urban systems. Based on available databases of cultural landmarks, we selected three pairs of cities that are currently dominated by three contrasting religions (Catholic, Buddhist and emerging culture) to compare the long-term changes in cultural landmarks, to quantify their spatial distribution in the current landscape, and to examine the potential influences these landmarks have on landscapes. The landmark database and landscapes were constructed from archived maps, satellite imagery and the UNESCO heritage sites for Barcelona, Bari, Beijing, Vientiane, Shenzhen, and Ulaanbaatar. Roads in Asian cities are mostly constructed in alignment with the four cardinal directions, forming a checkerboard-type landscape, whereas Bari and Barcelona in Europe have examples of roads radiating from major cultural landmarks. We found clear differences in the number of landmarks and surrounding landscape in these cities, supporting our hypothesis that current urban landscapes have been influenced similarly by cultural landmarks, although substantial differences exist among cities. Negative relationships between the number of cultural landmarks and major cover types were found, except with agricultural lands. Clearly, cultural landmarks need to be treated as “natural features” and considered as reference points in urban planning. Major efforts are needed to construct a global database before an overarching conclusion can be made for global cities.
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Dharmiasih, Wiwik. "Cultural Landscapes in the Asia-Pacific: Re-focusing UNESCO Designation on Community Participation." Forest and Society 4, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 271. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v4i2.10028.
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World Heritage Sites, designated by UNESCO, are a growing phenomenon in global governance. Sites are nominated for their Outstanding Universal Values with the objective of protecting against potential threats from man-made or natural causes. This article focuses on one type of recognition, the Cultural Landscape, which is unique because it is a living heritage site. Within Cultural Landscapes, people continue to carry out their lives and livelihoods as part of the site. The aim of this article is to examine the way community participation takes place in the designation of Cultural Landscapes. Findings highlight some ideas for researchers and policymakers to re-examine blind spots relative to community participation and offer some considerations for more meaningfully engaging local voices, particularly with respect to vulnerable populations and generational transition. Overall, research on Cultural Landscapes need not only examine what is being protected, but also must explore the new institutions being established, which can transform sites from within.
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Šantrůčková, Markéta, Martin Weber, Eva Sojková, and Lucia Bendíková. "Map Analysis of Cultural Heritage Values in Designed Landscapes: A Case Study on Červený Hrádek, Czech Republic." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 2 (2016): 663–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664020663.
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A repository of cultural history, a landscape documents past civilizations and can be viewed as a specific type of heritage. UNESCO distinguishes three types of cultural landscape, of which a clearly defined landscape designed and created by man is the most easily identifiable. Such a landscape embraces gardens and parklands constructed for aesthetic reasons with monumental buildings and ensembles. Old maps, aerial photographs, and GIS technology enabled us to study historic land cover and to trace its changes up to the present. Designed landscapes are highly valuable, and their identification and protection is an important aspect of cultural monument protection. Detailed archival research and knowledge of historical development form the basis of the analyses. Historical cultural artifacts, designed landscape composition, and dendrological history were defined using ArcGIS software. We present a case study on Červený Hrádek, which is located near the towns of Jirkov and Chomutov and adjacent to lignite mines in the Most basin. This location represents a high risk of endangerment to valuable cultural history. Therefore, the identification of Červený Hrádek’s significant historical artifacts and their careful management are highly recommended.
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Venkatachary, Balaji, and Vishakha Kawathekar. "Understanding the Relationship between Component and Attribute of Cultural Landscapes: Case of Indian Music and Cultural Landscapes." Journal of Heritage Management 3, no. 1 (June 2018): 112–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929618773390.
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The widely recognized definition of ‘Cultural Landscape’ in current practice is borrowed from UNESCO as Combined works of Nature and of Man.1 They are complex entities consisting of multiple layering of built-unbuilt components including intangible cultural aspects. These components are interrelated and interdependent. The landscape evolves together through combined natural and cultural processes. In current discourse and practice of heritage management, value-based assessment is a widely accepted approach. Evaluation of cultural landscapes for its Significance and Value is a complex process that requires an understanding of interwoven layers of components and attributes.2 Systematic understanding of such relationships between components and attributes is still in its infancy. Amongst various such identified intangible agencies, this study chooses to explore music. A study of secondary sources was undertaken. Cultural landscapes nominated as World Heritage Sites and identified Indian sites were systematically examined to understand various components and attributes. Using the indicators from this study and the theoretical framework of sociomusicology, a research design was prepared. Recognizing the historical association of music with the sites on the Kaveri river basin in peninsular India, a reconnaissance study was undertaken for onsite validation. Musical associations were spatially mapped for analysis and the findings are presented. Systematic understanding of the relationships between components of a cultural landscape and intangible cultural traditions is still in its infancy. The undertaken study is an exploratory work that focuses on understanding the relationship between components of a cultural landscape and ‘intangible attributes’, especially music. A study of secondary sources was undertaken in two parts. In the first part, concept of cultural landscape has been explored. Cultural landscapes nominated as World Heritage Sites were systematically examined to understand various components and attributes. The knowledge helped in formation of indicators for evaluation of cultural landscapes. In the second part of the study, selected case studies of Indian cultural landscapes were studies with the developed indicators. Musical traditions existing in these sites were theoretically reduced to basic components and mapped for analysis.
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VAN MARREWIJK, DRÉ. "Stedelijk werelderfgoed en de Historic Urban Landscape-benadering in Nederland." Tijdschrift voor Historische Geografie 4, no. 3 (January 1, 2019): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/thg2019.3.002.marr.
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Urban World Heritage and the Historic Urban Landscape approach in the Netherlands Within the category of cultural landscapes on the UNESCO World Heritage List the ‘continuing urban landscapes’ are a small but interesting group of sites. This group consists of urban and suburban areas (‘urban landscapes’) with outstanding historical and heritage values, while at the same time they are characterized by a high degree of spatial dynamics. Many developments take place that lead to change of the environment. Rio de Janeiro, the mining landscape of Nord-Pas de Calais and the Italian Amalfi coast near Naples are examples of these urban cultural landscapes on the World Heritage List. Next to these sites, there are urban World Heritage sites that formally are no cultural landscapes, but have similar characteristics. Historical city centers of Rome or Bruges, the Amsterdam canal ring or Speicherstadt in Hamburg are comparably stretched out and have comparable values. These sites are confronted with similar challenges with respect to conservation and management of change. The obligation to preserve the outstanding universal value of the site could become under pressure. This surely is the case in some urban and suburban World Heritage sites in the Kingdom of the Netherlands: Amsterdam Canal Ring, Defence Line of Amsterdam and Willemstad, Curaçao. The World Heritage status requires a strict management of the site. UNESCO’S Historic Urban Landscape approach can be helpful to make preservation and development compatible. In this article the opportunities and dilemmas of the HUL and ICOMOS’S role in it are discussed. A stronger emphasize on HUL when reviewing developments in urban World Heritage sites is advocated.
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Ratajski, Sławomir. "IDEE I ZAŁOŻENIA KONWENCJI O OCHRONIE DZIEDZICTWA KULTURALNEGO I NATURALNEGO I ICH REALIZACJA W POLSCE Z PERSPEKTYWY POLSKIEGO KOMITETU DO SPRAW UNESCO." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2017_04_11.
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Over the years, the implementation of the Convention in Poland has revealed a number of issues related to protection of heritage in line with the patterns worked out at the UNESCO forum, and resulting from the incomplete adaptation of our legal system for the protection of historic monuments and sites, insufficient public awareness and the difficulty of incorporating historical sites into modern economic development strategies. The Polish UNESCO Committee addressed the above issues with a series of papers accompanying conferences participated in by a wide range of experts, decision-makers and local government activists at various levels. Observations concerning the application of the 1972 Convention, in particular with regard to legal protection of the world heritage sites in Poland, and the need to implement the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage, and the 2011 UNESCO Recommendations on the Historical Urban Landscape, have convinced the Committee to review Polish legislation in terms of protection of heritage from the perspective of the UNESCO normative acts ratified by Poland. In 2014, we published a study on “Why and how to protect the cultural heritage ina modern way,” edited by the then-Chairman of the Polish UNESCO Committee, profesor Andrzej Rottermund. The paper presented a wide range of conditions for application of the existing legal provisions and expected changes, provided by various institutions and experts in the field of protection of tangible and intangible heritage and respect for cultural diversity. The need to developa new comprehensive law regulating protection of cultural heritage in Poland and taking into account the provisions of the UNESCO Convention was emphasised. What is particularly grave in application of the principles of the 1972 Convention is the lack of appropriate tools for managing world heritage sites. This includes, in particular: lack of legislation that would effectively protect the borderlines of the properties being inscribed and their buffer zones, view corridors and panoramas of sites of great historical significance. The lack of proper inclusion of local communities in the heritage management processes is a significant issue, according to the message of the 2005 Faro Council of Europe Framework Convention on the Value of Cultural Heritage for Society.Article entitled “The Social Dimension of the Cultural and Natural Landscape”, issued in 2015, discusses issues concerning immediate vicinity of properties of great historical significance. It is stated that landscape is an integral entity consisting of natural elements and cultural heritage, which is understood as both tangible and intangible heritage. Consideration should be given to how notions occurring at the UNESCO forum evolved. Particular attention should be also paid to shifting from the concept of a historic monument to the concept of heritage, and the concept of historic monument protection to the concept of heritage management. It is also important to take into account the need for sustainable protection of the natural and cultural values of landscapes, both urban and rural.
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Trovò, F. "THE UNESCO SITE “VENICE AND ITS LAGOON”: CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION POLICIES." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 559–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-559-2020.
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Abstract. The paper focuses on cultural heritage protection policies for the Unesco site of Venice and in particular on recent actions and guidelines carried out and elaborated by the Superintendence for Archaeology, Fine Arts and Landscape for the City of Venice and Lagoon, one of the leading stakeholders in the protection of the site. The paper also highlights the negative impact of social and anthropological factors on the cultural heritage and identity of Venice, especially in areas with minor architecture, outside major tourist routes. It illustrates the social and technical transformations in construction, trade, housing, historical and their impact on the cultural heritage and landscape and considers potential strategies that address these concerns. It further examines the specific problems and obstacles that hinder these policies, evidencing how they can only be addressed through targeted actions by the municipal administration and other stakeholders.
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Cupa, Petr, and Petr Madera. "The UNESCO Dolni Morava Biosphere Reserve – A model for cultural landscape management." eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research) 11, no. 2 (2019): 36–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/eco.mont-11-2s36.
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Piekienė, Nijolė. "LANDSCAPE IN THE CURONIAN SPIT. EXPRESSION OF IDENTITY / KURŠIŲ NERIJOS KRAŠTOVAIZDIS. TAPATYBĖS IŠRAIŠKA." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 5, no. 3 (October 21, 2013): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2013.41.
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Abstract Landscape in the Curonian Spit is not only an important part of our cultural development, but also of everyday life, revealing the identity of this territory and exclusivity of its unique formation. The top priority of the Curonian Spit, as a site enrolled on the UNESCO’s World Cultural Heritage List is to find the means for preservation of the landscape identity, enrichment of the peculiarity and diversity of the Neringa settlements, as well as disclosure of formation specifics of these settlements. Article in Lithuanian. Santrauka Kuršių nerijos kraštovaizdis yra svarbus ne tik kaip kultūrinės raidos, bet ir kaip kasdieninio gyvenimo dalis, išreiškianti teritorijos tapatumą, išskirtinumą. Kuršių nerijos, kaip pasaulio paveldo vietovės, įrašytos į UNESCO pasaulinio kultūros paveldo sąrašą prioritetas – ieškoti priemonių kraštovaizdžio identitetui išsaugoti, šiandieninių Neringos gyvenviečių savitumui ir įvairovei praturtinti bei gyvenviečių formavimosi ypatybėms atskleisti.
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Ginzarly, Manal, and Jacques Teller. "Eliciting cultural heritage values: landscape preferences vs representative images of the city." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 8, no. 3 (August 20, 2018): 257–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-06-2017-0031.
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Purpose In 2011, UNESCO recommended the application of a value-based landscape approach to cultural heritage conservation. In this framework, culture in its manifold expressions is considered as an embrace for the social, economic, and environmental pillars of sustainable development. There is a need to unveil the different cultural values generated from the interaction between people and their environment since these values will help cities maintain their unique identity and integrity. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to present the results of a survey method intended to assess the range of cultural values attributed by people to the historic urban landscape (HUL). Design/methodology/approach This paper is an experimental enquiry that combines a qualitative and a quantitative approach. It is designed to distinguish the different interpretations and outlooks of people to the HUL. It integrates landscape preference studies with investigation on representative images of the city and assesses these in relation to activities, feelings, and valued aspects of landscapes. Findings The main finding is that the most preferred scenes of the city are not the ones that best represent the city. Results exposed two sides of the HUL and related heritage values. The first is associated with the scenic beauty of the landscape and its aesthetic values, while the second is reflected in ordinary landscapes and everyday practices. Originality/value This paper provides an insight into the different interpretations and meanings of the HUL throughout the city. It provides an empirical evidence that ordinary landscapes are of great heritage value as they surpass all aspects of human environmental interaction to contribute to the image that societies make of themselves.
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Petrovič, František, Martin Boltižiar, Iveta Rakytová, Ivana Tomčíková, and Eva Pauditšová. "Long-Term Development Trend of the Historical Cultural Landscape of the UNESCO Monument: Vlkolínec (Slovakia)." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 19, 2021): 2227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13042227.
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The presented paper focuses on the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Site of Vlkolínec (Slovakia), changes in its cultural landscape and the possibilities of its preservation for future generations. However, it is also a living settlement with residents who have demands for their standard of living. To analyze the development of changes in the landscape of the Vlkolínec protection zone, we used available relevant data such as historical maps and aerial photographs from selected time horizons 1769, 1823, 1949, 2007 and 2017. Overall, we interpreted a total of 13 landscape elements, paying special attention to historical landscape structures. For the land use elements, we focused mainly on determining their area and percentage of the landscape in relation to their changes in the period under review in the context of natural and socio-economic conditions. In order to gain a realistic view of the future development and use of the Vlkolínec area in the context of direct users of the area, we decided to apply a questionnaire survey in 2017. The questionnaire is a written form of a structured interview. We determined a target group of respondents—residents of Vlkolínec and users of this area (holiday cottage owners, foresters, farmers), i.e., we processed the opinions of people directly influencing Vlkolínec and its immediate surroundings—the landscape. The interviews were focused on identifying problems and proposing solutions so as not to disturb the uniqueness of this site, but at the same time to also attract tourism participants. Based on the results of the survey, we evaluated the identified phenomena, structures and values and compared them with the desired state of protection of the landmark. Subsequently, we prepared plans for the preservation and sustainable development of this important site.
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Greco, Elena. "Preserving and promoting the urban landscape." plaNext–Next Generation Planning 2 (April 1, 2016): 74–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24306/plnxt.2016.02.005.
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The issues of promotion and preservation of urban landscapes are increasingly gaining prominence in international cultural and political debates. These issues can lead to tensions, especially for historical cities, partly because the concept of urban landscape as an element of cultural heritage is still to be acknowledged, particularly on a legislative level. Nevertheless, as the paper highlights, this concept was theorized in Europe for the reconstruction of historical cities in the second post-war period. This paper focuses on the French and Italian debates of the post-World War II decades, because they both elaborated concepts of urban landscape which were particularly advanced for the time. This article attempts to demonstrate their possible influence on the contemporary international debate developed by UNESCO between 2005 and 2011. Furthermore, this paper inspects the origins of the concept of the historic centre, developed particularly in Italy during the 1960s, and examines its relationship with the urban landscape. The reasons for the success of the historic centre are highlighted together with the simultaneous failure of the urban landscape at the legislative level, by inspecting the similarities, the divergences, and the historical connection between the two notions.
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Hedden-Dunkhorst, Bettina, and Florian Schmitt. "Exploring the Potential and Contribution of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves for Landscape Governance and Management in Africa." Land 9, no. 8 (July 22, 2020): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land9080237.
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United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Biosphere Reserves strive for a harmonious interaction between humans and nature. As landscapes provide suitable units to mutually address matters of conservation and sustainable development, this study aims to explore the potential and realized contribution of biosphere reserves for landscape governance and management. We emphasize the role of stakeholder participation and cooperation as an overarching condition for integrated landscape approaches. The regional focus is on Africa, where multiple drivers of global and local change currently significantly impact the landscape. The study’s results are based on a literature review, which is complemented by four case studies from the biosphere reserves in Ghana, Malawi, South Africa, and Benin/Togo. Findings show that in biosphere reserves, stakeholder engagement is crucial to gain community acceptance, foster intersectoral cooperation, and provide management with more legitimacy. To strengthen stakeholders’ capacities to mutually achieve conservation and development outcomes, international partnerships and research and education efforts proved to be successful. The flexible biosphere reserve approach to governance, which allows for integration with other land-management approaches, offers a suitable governance model for a landscape. Moreover, the biosphere reserve zonation concept can provide orientation to manage the “multifunctionality” of a landscape and address the associated trade-offs between different stakeholders’ aspirations.
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Shamsuddin, Shuhana, Ahmad Bashri Sulaiman, and Rohayah Che Amat. "Historic Urban Landscape and the Character of George Town, Penang UNESCO World Heritage Site." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 9 (June 30, 2018): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i9.297.
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The increasing intervention from high rise construction and new developments within the historic urban fabric are threatening the existing character and the Outstanding Universal Value of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) World Heritage Site List. This paper propagates that through the identification of historic urban landscapes that influence the character of the George Town world heritage sites, we are able to understand the relationships between the landscape components and the importance of historic characters of the sites. The methodology of this paper is based on written descriptions and site visual observations. The outcome of this paper reveals the significance of tangible and intangible factors that influence the urban landscape character of the case study area.
Historic Urban Landscape; Character; World Heritage Site; Tangible and Tangible Factors
eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Santoro, Antonio, Martina Venturi, Francesco Piras, Beatrice Fiore, Federica Corrieri, and Mauro Agnoletti. "Forest Area Changes in Cinque Terre National Park in the Last 80 Years. Consequences on Landslides and Forest Fire Risks." Land 10, no. 3 (March 12, 2021): 293. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10030293.
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Cinque Terre, one of the most important Italian cultural landscapes, has not been spared from depopulation and agricultural abandonment processes, that involved many rural areas in Europe, as a consequence of socio-economic transformations that occurred after WWII. Depopulation of rural areas, especially in mountains or in terraced areas, caused significant environmental consequences, such as the decrease of biodiversity, the landscape homogenization, the increase of hydrogeological and forest fires risks. Cinque Terre National Park (5TNP) was established in 1999, and, differently from other Italian National Parks, not just for protecting natural habitats, but mainly to preserve, restore and valorize the historical terraced landscape. Moreover, the area is a UNESCO cultural landscape site and it is partly protected by three Sites of Community Importance. The research intended to investigate the transformations that have affected forested areas inside the 5TNP in the period 1936–2018, also highlighting the connections with hydrogeological and forest fires risks, as a support for the Park planning strategies and the conservation of the UNESCO site. Results highlighted that 37% of the current forests are the consequence of dry stones terraces abandonment that occurred in the twentieth century, with negative effects on the stability of steep slopes, hydrogeological risk, forest fires and on the conservation of a unique cultural landscape. This confirms the current national trend showing no deforestation occurring, but rather a continuous increase of forests on abandoned land. While 5TNP policies and actions are effectively aimed at pursuing an equilibrium between cultivated areas and forests, the Sites of Community Importance located inside the Park mainly focuses on the conservation of “natural habitats”, even if the current vegetation is also the result of secondary successions on former cultivated land. The research highlighted the need to valorize “cultural values” in forest planning as well as the importance of forest history for an accurate planning of forest resources in protected areas.
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Rodríguez, C., J. Sevilla, and Í. Obeso. "Outstanding Atlantic nature and culture for UNESCO World Heritage List: transhumance/trasterminance landscape of Somiedo and Royal Way of La Mesa (Asturian Massif, NW of Spain)." Cuadernos de Investigación Geográfica 45, no. 2 (September 4, 2019): 623. http://dx.doi.org/10.18172/cig.3784.
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A change in the attitude of society towards nature and landscape (first established in the intellectual sphere and later adopted by institutions and other agents) operates in the evolution of the notion of heritage so that a territorial dimension of this concept emerges. Its consolidation is slow, both in the generalization of actions and in the conceptualization: it finds pioneering manifestations in the second half of the 19th century and is considered to be widespread since UNESCO’s Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Heritage, held in Paris in 1972. The later addition of the cultural landscape figure in the actions by this organization (1992) and the possibility of including mountain areas as World Heritage in a mixed natural-cultural type have stimulated the elaboration of this study. The purpose is to provide keys for the characterization and qualification of a mountain area already considered as a possible candidate in the UNESCO tentative list (Somiedo, NW of Spain) in order to highlight its potential as Word Heritage. Research in this sector is also presented as a test for the development of a model that could serve as a complement for candidacies in other mountain regions with profiles or categories related to the one analyzed here: transhumance and/or trasterminance landscape in Atlantic mountains. The adequacy of Somiedo, particularly Saliencia Valley and Royal Way of La Mesa (somedan strecht) as a linked centennial itinerary, is justified by the diversity of UNESCO criteria that can be met, reflecting the diversity of outstanding features associated with natural and cultural elements and phenomena. The result could be the starting point for a further task: the formulation of concrete measures for the preservation of fundamental material and immaterial elements and the conception of an integral management program.
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Della Spina, Lucia, and Claudia Giorno. "Cultural Landscapes: A Multi-Stakeholder Methodological Approach to Support Widespread and Shared Tourism Development Strategies." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 7175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137175.
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Starting from the most recent international debate on the theme of cultural landscape, this study explores the theme of landscape as a ‘common good’ and as a field of investigation and experimentation of an innovative model of long-term sustainable tourism development. In this context, the document illustrates a multi-stakeholder spatial decision-making process based on an evaluation approach that is useful to support decision-makers in defining improvement strategies for resilient landscapes. The methodology was experimented on and tested as part of the ‘Sila Labscape’ project conducted in Sila National Park (Southern Italy), a UNESCO site of excellence. The purpose of the study is to support the park’s community in acquiring a greater awareness of the values and resources present within the park and to stimulate co-design for the enhancement and management of environmental and cultural sites. Starting from the representation of the landscape perceived by users, it is possible to trace the values and meanings of the most attractive places. The most relevant results concern the identification of perceived landscape values, the recognition of shared values, and their consequent use to map ‘places of value’. The elaboration, structuring, and evaluation processes allow the tracing of new touristic routes and the expression of shared intersubjective perception that are useful for supporting decision-makers in the development of potential integrated development strategies and actions.
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Alsina, Maite Oliva. "COL·LABORAxPAISATGE: Rural Development Through the Landscape and Public Collaboration." Modern Environmental Science and Engineering 8, no. 2 (February 8, 2022): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/mese(2333-2581)/02.08.2022/008.
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Our dry-stone heritage, trade and building technique are handicapped by a systemic problem that is causing this knowledge and practice to practically disappear. Paradoxically, dry-stone structures are numerous in Catalonia, especially in the countryside, while also forming part of road infrastructures, some of them built on dry-stone banks and bridges. The loss of the technique, along with the abandonment of these structures, has led to an inability to maintain and restore them. At the same time, it’s also a technique that has proven to be useful in overcoming the challenges facing contemporary architecture, in keeping with the SDGs defined by the United Nations and contained in the 2030 Agenda, and it was included on UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage List in 2018. Through multiple lines of work, the COL·LABORAxPAISATGE project contributes to the enhancement of this heritage, trade and technique as a means for the development of rural areas. Key words: dry stone, rural development, heritage, landscape, construction, traditional trades, public collaboration, new technologies, UNESCO
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Zou, Han, Yang Liu, Baihao Li, and Wenjing Luo. "Sustainable Development Efficiency of Cultural Landscape Heritage in Urban Fringe Based on GIS-DEA-MI, a Case Study of Wuhan, China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 13061. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013061.
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Cultural landscape heritage refers to the rare and irreplaceable cultural landscapes recognized by UNESCO and the World Heritage Committee. It is recognized as a “common works of nature and human beings” of outstanding significance and universal value, and is a type of world heritage. Dueto construction, land isincreasingly limited in urban and rural areasin the process of urbanization, and cultural landscape heritage faces a huge threat, especially larger culturallandscapeheritagelocated at the edgesof cities. However, most of the existing studies have mainly focused on the material protection of heritage but have not paid enough attention to the non-material aspects of heritage sites, failing to reveal the inseparable nature of heritage and land. Therefore, this study takes sustainable development efficiency as its analysis tool, examines two pieces of cultural landscape heritage (the Panlongcheng site and the Tomb of the King of the Ming Dynasty) in the urban edge area of Wuhan, China as examples, innovates and establishes a multidimensional evaluation method based on the GIS-DEA-Ml model, and compares the dynamic changes of the spatial development efficiency and non-spatial development efficiency of the above two cultural landscape heritage cases. The results show that: both the spatial development efficiency and non-spatial development efficiency of Panlongcheng from 2010 to 2019 are significantly higher than that of the Tomb. This method makes up for the deficiency of traditional subjective qualitative analysis. It can be used to study the development efficiency of cultural landscape heritage more objectively and comprehensively, and promote the overall sustainable development of material and intangible cultural heritage. It can provide the basis for early decision-making and post-implementation evaluation for the preservation and utilization of cultural landscape heritage under the background of urban renewal.
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Migoń, Piotr. "Granite Landscapes, Geodiversity and Geoheritage—Global Context." Heritage 4, no. 1 (January 18, 2021): 198–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage4010012.
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Granite geomorphological sceneries are important components of global geoheritage, but international awareness of their significance seems insufficient. Based on existing literature, ten distinctive types of relief are identified, along with several sub-types, and an overview of medium-size and minor landforms characteristic for granite terrains is provided. Collectively, they tell stories about landscape evolution and environmental changes over geological timescale, having also considerable aesthetic values in many cases. Nevertheless, representation of granite landscapes and landforms on the UNESCO World Heritage List and within the UNESCO Global Geopark network is relatively scarce and only a few properties have been awarded World Heritage status in recognition of their scientific value or unique scenery. Much more often, reasons for inscription resided elsewhere, in biodiversity or cultural heritage values, despite very high geomorphological significance. To facilitate future global comparative analysis a framework is proposed that can be used for this purpose.
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Kuptsova, Irina A., and Veronika A. Sazonova. "Intangible Cultural Heritage: Conceptual Approaches to the Phenomenon Definition." Observatory of Culture 19, no. 1 (March 3, 2022): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25281/2072-3156-2022-19-1-56-64.
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The article considers the main conceptual approaches to the definition of the phenomenon of intangible cultural heritage in contemporary humanitarian knowledge, in the international institutional and legal discourse of UNESCO, in Russian legislation and cultural policy. Despite the widespread use of the term “intangible cultural heritage” in international cultural practice in the interpretation of the UNESCO Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, national approaches to understanding and theoretical justification of this concept in all three of the above directions differ at the level of fundamental foundations.Structural changes in the Russian cultural sphere and the transition to sustainable development strategies using the potential of intangible cultural heritage led to the transformation of practical aspects of its protection and representation. In this regard, the issues of determining the intangible component of culture and improving the terminological base are an urgent area of research from both theoretical and practical points of view. The article analyzes the main stages of the formation of the term “intangible cultural heritage” in UNESCO’s international activities, the most significant directions of this discourse, its understanding in Russian normative and legal practice (in matters of defining and typologizing heritage, the relationship between its material, spiritual, contextual, spatial and landscape components, authenticity and integrity), as well as its impact on cultural policy and practice of protecting such heritage. In addition, the authors highlight the content and functional approaches to the determination of this phenomenon in social and humanitarian knowledge, examine the basis of the criteria of authenticity, and offer an author’s definition of intangible cultural heritage.
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Cassalia, Giuseppina. "Assessing Heritage Significance: Decision Support Tools for Managing Landscape's Cultural Value in Southern Italy." Advanced Engineering Forum 11 (June 2014): 647–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.11.647.
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The paper presents a three year research project aiming to design a methodological model for a management plan applicable to a cultural landscape case study, like Area Grecanica, Calabria, Italy. Its argued that the management planning should be seen as upstream activity of the intervention, with a view to the process related to territorial changes, the theme of sustainable development and the revitalization of place identity, as a tool for heritage recognition on a global scale, such as UNESCO WHS. In conclusion, the paper proposes a management plan "participated monitoring", seeking the involvement and participation of all landscape actors, setting as its scope to bring technical and common knowledge together in planning management.
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Mäkelä, Heidi Henriikka. "Digesting the Finnish Nature and Past: Food, Pastness, and the Naturalness of the National in the Wiki-Inventory for Living Heritage." Journal of Ethnology and Folkloristics 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 89–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jef-2021-0019.
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Abstract This article examines the inventorying of Finnish intangible cultural heritage with regard to UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage. I analyse the participatory Wiki-inventory for Living Heritage, concentrating on entries that discuss food and foodways to study how food, materiality, and the national intertwine with practices of producing intangible cultural heritage. The article’s theoretical background draws from the fields of banal nationalism and critical heritage studies. Food is eminently important in narratives of Finnishness: by using the concepts of naturalness and pastness, I show how Finnish food becomes interpreted as ‘authentic’ Finnish heritage. The concepts illuminate the complex processes in which the materiality of food, the Finnish terroir and landscape, narratives of the past, and the consumer who prepares, eats, and digests the heritagised food are tied to each other. These processes reinforce the banality of Finnishness, although the practices of inventorying paradoxically strive for the ideal of cultural diversity that UNESCO promotes.
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Krajnik, Damir, Lea Petrović Krajnik, and Biserka Dumbović Bilušić. "An Analysis and Evaluation Methodology as a Basis for the Sustainable Development Strategy of Small Historic Towns: The Cultural Landscape of the Settlement of Lubenice on the Island of Cres in Croatia." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 28, 2022): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031564.
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Lubenice on the island of Cres in Croatia is one of the most valuable examples of a small historic Mediterranean town. Although the settlement is protected as an immovable cultural property and is also on the list of cultural assets of the Republic of Croatia for inclusion on the UNESCO World Heritage List, developmental stagnation, continuous demographic decline, decay of part of the valuable building stock, inappropriate interventions on individual houses and the emergence of radical intervention initiatives in a time of change demand a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the town’s cultural heritage. This article presents a methodology for the analysis of a cultural landscape using the example of Lubenice. The methodological approach is based on the analysis of the historical development and of natural, urban and architectural features of the cultural landscape. The components of the cultural landscape were evaluated using general and specific criteria. Conducting an evaluation according to this methodology provides guidelines for future interventions in order to improve the preservation of historic heritage and prevent damage by future interventions, while ensuring sustainable development.
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Pina, Helena Mesquita. "The Douro landscape heritage (NE Portugal): modernity and tradition in times of change." Miscellanea Geographica 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mgrsd-2018-0018.
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Abstract As a consequence of its long history of more than 250 years, the Douro Demarcated Region (NE Portugal) boasts a distinct cultural landscape typified by terraces filled with the regional variety of grapevine – it is a region where famous wines are produced, in particular Port wine. Nevertheless, especially after the 1980s, the need to cover labour shortages and increase productivity led to a gradual change in the landscape, and today the traditional terraces are mixed with new types of vineyards, such as the “vinha ao alto” (vertical vines) and “vinha em patamares” (vines on terraces). Against this backdrop, and with a view to preserving the landscape in a sustainable and multifunctional way, UNESCO awarded the region the “Evolving Living Landscape, World Heritage” award. In this article we combine extensive documentary research with productive field work in order to question the relationship between the need to preserve an exceptional, cultural landscape and the need for regional sustainability in this World Heritage site.
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Cheris, Rika, and Amanda Rosetia. "Conservation and utilization on Sawahlunto ex mining area for cultural landscape." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1041, no. 1 (June 1, 2022): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1041/1/012049.
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Abstract As a UNESCO World Heritage, Sawahlunto Ex Coal Mining has the profound and lasting impact of the industrialization and social changing relations which has built the history remarkable as per today. To facilitate public on having mindful memories of the place, an interpretation of evidence and information need to emerge with a suitable flow and approach. Discover perspectives and improving interpretation on conservation area which has changing gradually because the community impact has always been a degrading issue. We often ignore the neighborhoods needs to commercial purpose. The historic district assessed by analysis and qualitative research method from the past and present documentation through site inventory and relevant studies of the living culture. The aim of this paper is to bring better conservation strategies that can enhance the overall cultural image of Sawahlunto. Collective memory, habit changing, site management, and material security supposed to be co-habitant through times. In order to keep the familiarization and to be a place of original community can be secure, content, and proud of.
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Mustafa, Behxhet, Avni Hajdari, Valmir Mustafa, and Bledar Pulaj. "Natural Heritage in the Republic of Kosovo: Looking for Potential UNESCO Sites." Landscape Online 63 (October 19, 2018): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.201863.
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In addition to cultural heritage values, Kosovo is characterised by natural heritage values; these values identify different areas in Kosovo as potential sites for protection under UNESCO’s Man and Biosphere (MAB) program and the Convention Concerning the Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage. These natural values (i.e. geomorphological, hydrological, biodiversity- and ecosystem-related) are found mainly in the massifs of Kosovo’s four mountain ranges, i.e. the Sharr Mountains, the Bjeshket e Nemuna (Albanian Alps), the Koritnik Mountains, and the Pashtrik Mountains. These regions provide the largest number of potential sites for nomination to the World Heritage List or the MAB program.Of the natural heritage values, 19 geomorphological areas of international importance were identified; additionally, 3 areas had regional (Balkan) importance, and 19 sites were caves. Furthermore, 152 glacial and nival lakes and a bifurcation (i.e. hydrological values), approximately 200 species and subspecies that are endemic to the Balkans, 8 locally endemic, 9 endemic and endemic-relict plant associations and 1 endemic animal species (i.e. biodiversity values), and ancient Beech forests (i.e. ecosystem values) were considered for conservation.Consideration of the above mentioned areas for protection under UNESCO would provide a legal framework for the protection of natural and cultural values in Kosovo as well as support their sustainable development.Additionally, protecting these areas would promote the development of environmental and educational projects and training as well as the research and monitoring of issues related to nature conservation and sustainable development at local, regional and international levels.
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Jelen, Jakub. "Mining Heritage and Mining Landscape Krušnohoří/Erzgebirge as a Part of the UNESCO Heritage." Land 11, no. 7 (June 21, 2022): 955. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11070955.
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The article deals with the perception and methods of management of the mining heritage and mining the landscapes from the perspective of individual stakeholders, entities and interest groups. The first part deals with the conceptualization of heritage in general, discussing various ways of defining and looking at heritage; later, the general discussion focuses on a specific group of heritage, which is the mining heritage. The following is an introduction to the area of interest of the Jáchymov region (part of the Ore Mountains, i.e., an area characterized by a long mining history and a number of mining monuments). It is important, mainly, because it is part of the world heritage; the Mining Cultural Landscape of the Krušnohoří/Erzgebirge was added to the UNESCO list in 2019. The second part of the article is devoted to field research in the Jáchymov region. The aim of the research was to find out how the mining heritage in the Jáchymov region is treated, and how and for what purposes it is used. Representatives of the public, private and non-profit sectors from the local, regional and national levels were involved in the research. Research is a comprehensive view of the process of heritage formation and management.
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Reynard, Emmanuel, Tarek Ben Fraj, Aziza Ghram Messedi, Hédi Ben Ouezdou, Mohamed Ouaja, and Yves Matthijs. "Patrimoine géologique et géomorphologique : base pour le géotourisme et la création d'un géoparc UNESCO dans le Dahar (Sud-est tunisien)." Geographica Helvetica 77, no. 1 (February 11, 2022): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gh-77-97-2022.
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Abstract. The presence of geoheritage of international value is the basis of any candidature as a UNESCO Global Geopark. Within the framework of the elaboration of a roadmap for the creation of a UNESCO Global Geopark in South-East Tunisia, a geological and geomorphological study was carried out. The selected geoheritage can be divided into two main families : palaeontological and sedimentological sites, which provide complete documentation of the opening of the southern Tethysian margin, from the Triassic to the Cretaceous, and geomorphological and landscape sites (cultural geomorphosites), which offer an exceptional range of adaptations of human societies to the morphoclimatic context. This analysis of the geoheritage is the basis for the implementation of a strategy of geoconservation, geotouristic enhancement and, ultimately, the creation of a geopark in the Djebel Dahar. It demonstrates the importance of the interrelationships between the cultural, tangible and intangible, heritage and the geomorphological context.
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Kuleshova, M. "Russian estate as a promising UNESCO World Heritage Site: on the example of Leo Tolstoy’s "Yasnaya Polyana"." Heritage and Modern Times 3, no. 4 (January 12, 2021): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52883/2619-0214-2020-3-4-109-127.
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The Russian estate is a characteristic phenomenon of Russian culture, which had a significant impact on the images of Russia and the formation of its cultural landscape. At the same time, this cultural phenomenon is not yet represented in the World Heritage List for Russia. The article reveals the main values of Leo Tolstoy’s estate Yasnaya Polyana, which are of universal importance; presents interconnectedness and interdependence of its natural and cultural characteristics. It is stated, that the territorial complex of Leo Tolstoy’s estate Yasnaya Polyana fully complies with the UNESCO criteria for assigning objects to the of World Heritage.
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Damayanti, Vera D., Hasti Terakat Dipowijoyo, Kemas Ridwan Kurniawan, Jacqueline Rosbergen, Peter Timmer, and Punto Wijayanto. "Two Towns in Indonesia, One on the Coast, the Other “A City of One Thousand Rivers”." Blue Papers 1, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 119–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.58981/bluepapers.2022.1.12.
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The Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) Quick Scan Method is a methodology that can be used in workshops to foster multi-stakeholder collaboration and a holistic understanding of a context and its challenges. The HUL Quick Scan Method was conducted in three phases in Muntok and Banjarmasin, Indonesia, and demonstrated its efficacy in promoting heritage and socio-cultural practices as catalysts for sustainable development. The features of the workshops run in the two cities stimulated discussion among the local community and including private and public sectors, establishing a basis for applying the UNESCO Historic Urban Landscape approach.
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Šćekić, J., M. Nikolić, E. Vaništa Lazarević, and J. Marić. "Cultural and natural heritage as a driver of sustainable landscape development." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1123, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1123/1/012029.
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Abstract The Roman Limes - a former natural border of the Roman Empire has been recognized as a cultural landscape with exceptional universal values of international importance by UNESCO. In the Republic of Serbia, the Roman Limes encompasses the Danube river valley. Within this part of the Roman Limes, the Djerdap segment, which includes sites of different historical periods, stands out. However, most of the sites are underwater due to the construction of the Hydroelectric Power Plant. Physical inaccessibility to cultural heritage has led to insufficient presentation and promotion, but also a lack of information about its existence. Therefore, the main goals of this paper are to spread knowledge about the existence of the cultural and natural heritage of the Djerdap segment, as well as to identify the potential for their integration into contemporaneity. The results are presented through an urban-architectural project that is the sublimation of formed critical attitudes about the cultural heritage treatments. The expected results of the research include raising awareness of the importance of the cultural and natural heritage of the Djerdap segment through the promotion of cultural routes, as well as forming a potential model for their use in the process of establishing sustainable landscape development.
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Sáez, E., and J. Canziani. "VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE AND CULTURAL LANDSCAPES IN THE SONDONDO VALLEY (PERU)." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLIV-M-1-2020 (July 24, 2020): 175–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xliv-m-1-2020-175-2020.
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Abstract. Sondondo is an inter-Andean valley located between 3,500 and 4,500 meters above sea level. Inhabited, transformed and modelled since ancient times by the local rural communities, an extraordinary cultural landscape has been created through their particular relationship with the environment. Since the pre-Hispanic settlements (Wari 600 AD), through colonial indigenous “reductions”, to the villages of vernacular architecture, which are at the foundation of contemporary populated centres, the territory has been variously and successively settled, inhabited and transformed. Its vernacular architecture has evolved at multiple scales, from domestic architecture to urban structures. It has created spaces for agriculture and livestock herding, and the spectacular agricultural andenerías (farming platforms and terraces) that have shaped the territory for centuries. The latter simultaneously developed irrigation infrastructures and techniques. The result is a landscape of great plastic effects, in a geographical setting bordered by the apus – tutelar mountains – traditionally “sacralized” by the Andean cultures. Such enormous architectural-landscape legacy is now threatened by imported global models of false modernity disrupting the fragile balance of lifestyles and territories. The objective of this research project, ongoing since 2016, is to assess this territory, catalogue its vernacular architecture and landscape units. It also aims to propose projects and initiatives for sustainable local development. The work has been made available to the Ministry of Culture of Peru to support its request before UNESCO to include the site in its World Heritage List.
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Huo, Sija, and Enrique Serrano. "Gestión de las rutas patrimoniales: “Rutas de la seda, Red viaria del Corredor Chang´an-Tianshan” en China y “Camino de Santiago” en Castilla y León = The Heritage routes management: “Silk Road: Chang´an-Tianshan Corridor” in China and “Camino de Santiago" in Castilla y León." Polígonos. Revista de Geografía, no. 33 (December 26, 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.18002/pol.v33i0.7182.
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<p>La Unesco denomina a las rutas culturales definidas por su valoración histórica, patrimonial y territorial como “Rutas de patrimonio”. La concepción es distinta que la de los itinerarios culturales europeos y la solicitud para su declaración ha cambiado en el tiempo, promoviendo en la actualidad las solicitudes conjuntas entre varios países. Las rutas del Patrimonio Mundial implican una gestión y protección “lineal” y territorial, generando una protección similar a una red. Estos cambios en los alcances y contenidos de la protección elevan la importancia del estudio de los métodos de gestión y protección. El objetivo del trabajo es comparar dos rutas patrimoniales de la Unesco, para conocer los elementos comunes en la gestión y conservación y las diferencias estructurales, de gestión, uso y promoción territorial. Se estudian dos bienes inscritos como Patrimonio Mundial, el “Camino de Santiago de Compostela" en Castilla y León y la "Ruta de la Seda: red viaria del Corredor Chang’an-Tianshan" en China. Si las "Rutas de la Seda" sobresalen por la multiplicidad de culturas y paisajes con contenidos históricos y naturales diferenciados, el "Camino de Santiago" se caracteriza por la homogeneidad cultural y paisajística. Las dificultades de gestión se centran en la multiplicidad de leyes para los diferentes territorios, la aplicación de políticas conjuntas, la ausencia de consideración de la ruta como un todo y la orientación turística de las principales iniciativas públicas. Si el Camino de Santiago es una ruta patrimonial consolidada, la ruta de la Seda está en sus inicios como patrimonio lineal.</p><p> </p><p>The Unesco calls to the cultural routes defined by their historical, patrimonial and territorial value as "Heritage Routes". The idea is different from that of the European cultural itineraries and application for its declaration has changed over time. Currently joint requests between several countries is promoted. The routes of the World Heritage imply a "linear" and territorial management and protection, establishing a protection network. The changes on protection give importance to the study of management and protection methods. The aim of this work is to compare two heritage routes of Unesco, to highlight and to know the common elements in the management and conservation and differences on the structure, management, use and territorial promotion. Two World Heritage are studied, the "Camino de Santiago de Compostela" in Castilla y León and the "Silk Road: road network of the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor" in China. If the "Silk Routes" stand out for the multiplicity of cultures and landscapes with differentiated historical and natural content, the "Camino de Santiago" is characterized by cultural and landscape homogeneity. The management and conservation as a single set, the multiplicity of laws for different territories, and the application of different policies with special emphasis on the heritage value of the landscape are also analyzed. Common management difficulties are centered on the multiplicity of laws for the different territories, the application of policies together, the lack of thoughtfulness of the route as a whole, and the tourist orientation of the main public initiatives. If the Camino de Santiago is a consolidated heritage route, the Silk Road is in its early days as a linear heritage.</p>
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Sadowski, Mirosław M. "Urban Cultural Heritage: Managing and Preserving a Local Global Common in the Twenty-first Century." Journal of Heritage Management 2, no. 2 (December 2017): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2455929617738454.
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As we approach the end of the second decade of the twenty-first century—at the moment when more people live in the cities than anywhere else—there comes a time to ponder on the role and the condition of urban cultural heritage. In times of growth, urbanization and rapid development, the city may be described as a modern battlefield of cultural heritage protection, often faced with the choice between protection and conservation, or destruction and redevelopment. This article seeks to analyse the means of protection of urban cultural heritage—a common, which is local (it takes a vital part in the creation of identity) and global (it is a part of a universal heritage) at the same time—in the international law, and to look into ways of its successful management. The first part of the article looks at the concept of the urban cultural heritage, and the second part examines the two main UNESCO conventions concerning cultural heritage protection, namely, Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage and Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, to establish whether or not they are successful tools in protecting the urban cultural heritage. The third part focuses on analysing a new approach towards urban cultural heritage advocated by UNESCO, based on the 2011 recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), giving examples of its successful (Amsterdam, Ballarat, Cuenca) and unsuccessful application (Stockholm, Hong Kong, Macau). In the fourth part, the author suggests ways of effective governance of the urban cultural heritage in the twenty-first century, from the viewpoint of sustainable urban development, focusing on the role of cultural heritage in the city’s growth, and in the creation of identity and collective memories. The concluding part of the article seeks for an answer to the question of a need for a new UNESCO convention.
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Olivova, Lucie. "Mapping Chengde: The Qing Landscape Enterprise. By Philippe ForÊt. [Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press, 2000. xvii+209 pp. $32.95. ISBN 0-8248-2293-5.]." China Quarterly 173 (March 2003): 214–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009443903420123.
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This is the first monograph in English on the Chengde imperial summer resort (bishu shanzhuang), declared by UNESCO in 1994 a site of World Heritage. The author nonetheless attempts more than a survey of monuments (see chapter three for the architectural history of the complete resort: the road, palace, hill stations and outer temples). He comes with a distinct, new approach, when analysing and reading the symbolic meaning of this cultural landscape.
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Egberts, Linde. "Moving beyond the hard boundary." Journal of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable Development 9, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 62–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jchmsd-12-2016-0067.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the consequences of a nature-culture divide in spatial policy on cultural heritage in the Dutch Wadden Sea area, which is protected by UNESCO for its ecological assets. Design/methodology/approach This paper investigates this by discussing the international and national policy frameworks and regional examples of the consequences of the divide. Findings The effects of the nature-culture divide appear to be negative for the landscape. Approaching the Wadden Sea Region as an agricultural-maritime landscape could help overcome the fixation on nature vs culture and the hardness of the sea dikes as spatial boundaries between the two domains. A reconsideration of the trilateral Wadden Sea region as a mixed World Heritage Site could lead to a more integrated perspective. Originality/value These findings inform policy development and the management of landscape and heritage in the region. This case forms an example for other European coastal regions that struggle with conflicting natural and cultural-historical interests.
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Lee, Yu-Lung, Ming-Jin Lu, and Yan-Chyuan Shiau. "The Development of a Digital Management System for Historic Buildings in Taiwan." Arts 7, no. 3 (August 3, 2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts7030034.
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Because of the numerous types of world heritage that currently exist, UNESCO divides them into four categories: cultural heritage, natural heritage, cultural and heritage dual heritage, and cultural landscape heritage. Taiwan’s Cultural Heritage Preservation Act stipulates that tangible cultural heritage include monuments, historic buildings, commemorative buildings, groups of buildings, archaeological sites, historic sites, cultural landscapes, antiquities, and natural landscapes and natural monuments, whereas its intangible cultural heritage include traditional performing arts, traditional craftsmanship, oral traditions and expressions, folklore, and traditional knowledge and practices. Because of continually increasing tasks associated with cultural heritage management, this study adopted research approaches such as compilation of relevant laws and regulations and interviews with managers to identify their needs in managing cultural heritage. This study posited that digital-based information management is highly conductive to managing cultural heritage. Thus, a dynamic cultural heritage management system was developed to help managers perform various heritage preservation and management-related work. The proposed system enables digitalizing related documents to facilitate their preservation, provides diversified functions that allow managers to conduct remote interactive management, and enables establishing various economical monitoring functions. This study used actual cases of cultural heritage preservation and input data collected from various management tasks into the proposed management system. Accordingly, the management functions of the system were verified successfully. The proposed system can help relevant departments manage cultural heritage, diminish the occurrence of problems concerning heritage management, reduce unnecessary waste of resources, and elevate the management quality of monuments and historical buildings.