Relevant bibliographies by topics / Unemployment movement

Academic literature on the topic 'Unemployment movement'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Unemployment movement"

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Gal, John. "Unemployment Insurance, Trade Unions and the Strange Case of the Israeli Labour Movement." International Review of Social History 42, no. 3 (December 1997): 357–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900011435x.

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SummaryThe goal of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the labour movement and unemployment insurance (UI). Following a brief overview of the evolution of the approach of labour movements towards UI, the focus shifts to an analysis of a case study of the Israeli labour movement. The study traces the development of the approach of this movement towards UI during the pre-state period and following the establishment of Israel. It indicates that, while the policy adopted by the Israeli labour movement in the pre-state period was similar to that of other labour movements, the motivation differed in that the goals of the Israeli movement were primarily nationalist. In the post-independence period, the labour movement objected to the adoption of UI and prevented the introduction of this programme for two decades. The reasons for this are linked to the values and perceptions of the labour movement leadership and the legacies of policies adopted during the pre-state period.
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Zhang, Ji. "UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS AND MATCHING EFFICIENCY IN AN ESTIMATED DSGE MODEL WITH LABOR MARKET SEARCH FRICTIONS." Macroeconomic Dynamics 21, no. 8 (November 22, 2017): 2033–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1365100516000109.

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To explain the high and persistent unemployment rate in the United States during and after the Great Recession, this effort develops and estimates a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model with search and matching frictions and shocks to unemployment benefits and matching efficiency. It finds that unemployment benefits play an important role in the cyclical movement of unemployment through their effects on labor demand, a channel overlooked in previous studies. From the second half of 2008 to 2011, extended unemployment benefits may have increased the overall unemployment rate by one percentage point. In contrast, matching efficiency changes had less effect on the cyclical movement of unemployment for the same period, but significantly slowed down the recovery after 2012.
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Vanthemsche, Guy. "Unemployment Insurance in Interwar Belgium." International Review of Social History 35, no. 3 (December 1990): 349–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002085900001004x.

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SUMMARYIn 1900, a special type of unemployment insurance was set up in Belgium: the so-called “Ghent system”, which had some influence on the development of unemployment insurance in many European countries. This particular system was characterized by the important role played by the trade-union unemployment societies. The public authorities (in Belgium, from 1920 onwards, the central government next to the towns and provinces) encouraged the affiliation of the labourers to these societies by granting different sorts of financial support to the unemployed society members and to the societies themselves. During the crisis of the 1930s, this led to an important growth of Belgian trade-union membership. On the other hand, the quantitative growth of the labour movement due to this particular organization of unemployment insurance, led to many negative sideeffects for the trade unions (administrative chaos, financial problems, loss of combativity). Moreover, the employers' organizations strongly opposed this system of unemployment insurance, because they thought it reinforced the labour movement's power in society (strengthening of union membership, influence on wage formation, obstruction of deflation policy). This article examines the heated debates waged in the labour movement itself and between this actor, the employers' organizations and the government, to solve the many important problems posed by this type of social insurance. The Belgian pre-Second World War debate concerning unemployment insurance was of great importance for the shaping of the Welfare State in Belgium, which took its present-day form in 1944.
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Ovchinnikova, T. I., and G. N. Strukov. "Measures to reduce unemployment." Proceedings of the Voronezh State University of Engineering Technologies 80, no. 4 (March 21, 2019): 471–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.20914/2310-1202-2018-4-471-478.

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The article considers socio-economic measures of reduction of unemployment. In today's economic conditions, the authors highlight the state of the labour market, characterized the level of market infrastructure development, deformity in workers ' income, level of qualification of university graduates, presence of "shadow" sector of labor market ; and also movement in the labour market: natural movement, change of pension system, high level of hidden unemployment, low wages, decline of production, migration processes. The structure of the employed by age groups is considered, the indicators characterizing both the state and the movement in the labor market are studied, the decrease in the number of workers associated with natural processes is shown (decrease of fertility and increase of the level of Population mortality). The example of one of the districts of Voronezh investigated Model determining the degree of economic efficiency of the population potential; MThe dress includes calculation of Pokazatelejpotenciala labour resources of youth unemployment indicators. It is proposed to include Further formation of the labour market and reduction of unemployment rate the following mechanisms: offshoring, increase of work experience, account of migration of population, control of outflowWorkers, released from different branches of the national economy, raising the level of skills of youth, which for the first time enters the labour force, increasing the feminization of the working population (women with young children), Employment of persons unemployed in the economy, control over labour bodies and other methods of attracting temporarily unemployed population. It is proposed to expand the capacity of the labour and employment bodies not only to assess the prospects of inclusion of their work, but also to work on identifying and registering hidden Bezraboticyipo stimulating measures to reduce unemployment.
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Srzentić, Miloš. "Movement of unemployment and inflation in the Eurozone." Ekonomski pogledi 20, no. 2 (2018): 35–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopog1802035s.

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et al., Januri. "Does COVID-19 affect GDP? A relationship between GDP and unemployment rate." International Journal of ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES 9, no. 7 (July 2022): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2022.07.002.

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This study aims to examine the long-term relationship between the unemployment rate and the growth of domestic product (GDP) in Malaysia, thereby revealing unemployment's impact on GDP. In this COVID-19 pandemic situation, numerous people have lost their jobs. That indirectly increases the unemployment rate which later has a variety of negative consequences on the government, society, and individuals. The Malaysian government has taken a big step in announcing the Movement Control Order (MCO) to slow down the spread of infections. Such decisions have affected the unemployment rate, as some businesses have to reduce their employees and some high-risk companies temporarily closed to stop the spreading of COVID cases. The cointegration test is employed to identify the relationship between the unemployment rate and GDP and then validate it by analyzing the error. Quarterly unemployment rate and GDP data were obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (DOSM) website from the first quarter of 2010 to the fourth quarter of 2020. The study found that the variables were stationary at first differencing and long-run relationships existed among them. According to the empirical findings in this study, long-run and short-run unemployment rates have a high influence on the GDP rate. However, the result contradicted one work in literature that claimed a negative association between GDP and unemployment for the past fifty years. This could have occurred as a result of the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic.
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Dahlerup, Drude. "From movement protest to state feminism: The women's liberation movement and unemployment policy in Denmark." NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research 1, no. 1 (January 1993): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08038740.1993.9959634.

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Raihan, Raihan, Sahat Juliwan Tarihoran, Kevin Jonay Lie, Tesalonika Sembiring, and Jhohari Jhohari. "Analisa Kebijakan Pemerintah di Kota Batam Terkait Ancaman Pengangguran Pasca Inflasi antara Tahun 2018 - 2020." Populer: Jurnal Penelitian Mahasiswa 1, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 167–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.58192/populer.v1i4.421.

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Inflation is closely related to unemployment and the economic performance of a country. The relationship between the inflation rate and unemployment affects decisions to be taken in financial policy. The purpose of this article is to analyze government policies in Batam City regarding the threat of unemployment in inflation in 2018-2020. The method we use is library research. From the results of our analysis, we find that the highest unemployment rate is in 2020 at 11.79% . And the movement of inflation has increased and decreased. We also analyze the policies that can be taken by the Batam city government in overcoming this problem.
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Nattrass, Nicoli. "Meeting the Challenge of Unemployment?" ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 652, no. 1 (January 30, 2014): 87–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716213511189.

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South Africa has one of the highest rates of unemployment in the world. Job creation is a national priority, yet labor-intensive options are derided by the trade union movement as an unacceptable throwback to the “cheap labor” policies of apartheid, and effectively ruled out by the government in its recent National Development Plan (NDP). Instead, minimum-wage setting in South Africa continues to contribute to job destruction (as evidenced most recently in the clothing industry). Policy-makers hope that support for high-productivity firms and rapid economic growth will make up for job losses and solve the unemployment problem. Unfortunately, South Africa’s economic performance has been comparatively disappointing and constrained by negative investor sentiment, especially with regard to the labor market. The NDP has called for a social accord between labor and capital. But the prospects are not promising, and unemployment is likely to remain a significant feature of the South African economic landscape.
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Camarero, Mariam, and Javier Ordóñez. "Is there a nonlinear co-movement in the EU countries' unemployment?" Economics Letters 93, no. 2 (November 2006): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.econlet.2006.04.002.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Unemployment movement"

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Mathers, Andrew. "The European Marches Network against Unemployment, Job Insecurity and Social Exclusion : collective action beyond class?" Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.274386.

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This thesis is a study of the development of the European Marches Network against Unemployment, Job Insecurity and Social Exclusion. It is considered as a component of an emerging international social movement that has contested the consequences of neoliberal European integration to develop the goal of a social and democratic Europe as part of a different world order. This study engages critically with the dominant sociological paradigm of social movements that renders the class politics associated with the labour movement as anachronistic. This paradigm asserts that fundamental socio-structural changes dictate that to be progressive, contemporary new social movements (NSMs) have to operate according to a new logic of collective action that is beyond class. The Network is investigated through the application of ethnographic methods that are integrated into a dialectical analysis. This methodological approach involved the author taking the role of `activist-researcher' that was consistent with his commitment to producing knowledge that was not only about progressive social change but also useful to the collective struggle to achieve it. The findings of the empirical investigation are presented under the headings of 'mobilisation', 'agenda formation' and 'organisation'. These headings represent three interconnected elements of collective action that form the totality of the Network. The Network is related to the locally and nationally based economic and social struggles through which it developed and is also located within a broader international social movement of which it was a product and producer. Various elements of the Network arising from the investigation are discussed in relation to the work of writers from the dominant paradigm. It is argued that the Network is not comprehensible as a manifestation of a postmaterial politics that is beyond class, but rather as a form of class politics in the present conjuncture of neoliberal restructuring. Therefore, it is concluded that far from indicating the terminal decline of labour as a progressive social actor, the Network suggests its renewal as a social movement.
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Andreasson, Ulf. "Arbetslösa i rörelse : Organisationssträvanden och politisk kamp inom arbetslöshetsrörelsen i Sverige, 1920-34." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Filosofi och teknikhistoria, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4749.

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This doctoral thesis sets out to analyse the development of the unemployed movement in Sweden during the period 1920–34. The study is divided into two parts. The first is empirical and descriptive while the second is interpretive and explanatory, and seeks to examine why this phenomenon developed in the way it did. Mass unemployment in Sweden between the World Wars did not cause the same social tensions as in many other countries. This relative peace endured despite high and consistent unemployment and hard living conditions for the unemployed. These conditions served as sources for tensions present in the unemployed movement, and which some actors sought to take advantage of and even exacerbate. Andréasson argues that a major reason that society did not take a more radical turn in the period was that the reformist labour movement actively moderated these tensions. This was done by the Social Democratic Party (SAP) changing the environment of the unemployed organisations, for example by using local unemployment policy to polish off the rough edges of the national unemployment policy. More important was the crisis politics in the early 1930s that helped narrow the socio-economic gap between those who had and those who did not have a job. The Swedish Trade Union Confederation (LO) neutralised the movement of the unemployed by introducing changes within the unemployed movement itself, involving a variety of strategies. After 1933, the LO and SAP dominated and were able to direct the activities of most of the organisations that existed. Gaining control over the unemployed was as important for the LO and SAP as being able to exert control over other forces that might threaten to weaken their long-term strategies and aims. There was a conviction within the unemployed movement that mass unemployment was largely a consequence of technological developments in production. This argument had roots dating back to the early stages of industrialism in England when Luddites had attacked production machinery. The coalition of organisations of unemployed workers in Sweden during the 1920s and 1930s did not seriously consider engaging in machine-breaking activities. The movement’s criticism of technology did not extend into the Swedish model which envisioned the development of machinery as a way to prevent rising unemployment.
QC 20100628
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Mubiru, Edna Katushabe. "Liberalisation of trade in services :enhancing the temporary movement of natural persons (mode 4), a least developed countries' perspective." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6826_1297424432.

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The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of liberalisation of trade in services on African LDCs by highlighting the importance of services trade through Mode 4 (temporary movement of natural persons).37 The paper will examine the nature of liberalisation to this Mode under the existing GATS framework, critically analyse the constraints on engaging in negotiations, specifically the national barriers that are hindering this movement, and make suggestions on ways of improving the nature of commitments on movement of natural persons in terms of Mode 4 to favour LDCs as laid down in Article VI of the GATS.

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Menezes, Sócrates Oliveira. "De supérfluos a sujeitos históricos na contramão do capital : a geografia do (des)trabalho." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2007. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5615.

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Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia
When working becomes mainly superfluous merchandise to reach profit, that s when the workforce s owner, the worker, is already sentenced to be superfluous, because the cheaper, miserable and abundant the manufacturing is, the more profitable the production is. This is the structural condition of the capital s accumulating system: turning historical individuals into cheap market things . In this direction, the present paper aims to analyze the capital s success through the workers depreciation in the structural crisis of the accumulating system nowadays. The unemployed workers reality in Vitória da Conquista/BA and the Unemployed Workers Movement s experience, in the same town, were studied. The current capitalism crisis, started in the 1970 s, has shown that the system producer of merchandise has reached structural and historical limits. That s the moment when the wealth production is turned into destructive production. In this context, the maintenance of profit extration and capital valuation have aggravated the workers condition that, without salary or land, face deprivation in country side or urban outskirt areas, as observed in Vitória da Conquista. These are produced territories whose main feature in its landscape is poverty. The capital s territorialization process, widely effectived for the cheap workforce search, becomes a real spatial misery distribution process around the world, actually a Geography of (un)employment. However, territory is produced by its contradictions and along them it s possible to observe the world s social dynamic. The work s social movement itself reproduces the structural classes conflict and the combat against capital. This conflict tends to get radical due to the increasing of global monopoly and workers misery. That s a contradictory process because while more workers become superfluous in order to reproduce accumulation, more workers get together for the urgent need of inverting their condition of superfluous to historical individuals.
Quando o trabalho vira a mercadoria fundamental para o lucro, é porque o trabalhador, seu dono, já está condenado a ser supérfluo, pois quanto mais barata, miserável e abundante for ela, mais lucrativa é a produção. Essa é a condição estrutural do sistema acumulativo do capital: transformar sujeitos históricos em coisas baratas e vendáveis no mercado. Neste sentido, esta dissertação tem como objetivo analisar como se tem dado o movimento da realização do capital a partir da desrealização dos trabalhadores na atualidade da crise estrutural do sistema acumulativo. Foi estudada a realidade dos trabalhadores desempregados em Vitória da Conquista/BA e a experiência do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Desempregados (MTD) no referido município. A atual crise do capitalismo, iniciada na década de 1970, tem revelado que o sistema produtor de mercadorias atingiu limites estruturais e históricos. É o momento em que a produção de riqueza é radicalmente transformada em produção destrutiva. Neste contexto, a manutenção dos processos de extração dos lucros e da valorização do capital tem como corolário imediato o agravamento das condições materiais dos trabalhadores que, sem salário e sem terra, sucumbem no campo e na periferia urbana, como observado em Vitória da Conquista. São territórios produzidos segundo a lógica do sistema acumulativo onde a principal característica estampada na paisagem é a pobreza. O processo de territorialização do capital, que se efetiva em escala mundial na busca desenfreada por trabalho barato, torna-se um verdadeiro processo de distribuição espacial da miséria pelo globo, uma verdadeira Geografia do (des)trabalho. Contudo, o território produzido tem como substância contradições estruturais e é neste movimento que se observa o mundo do trabalho em sua dinâmica social. É o próprio movimento social do trabalho reproduzindo o estrutural conflito de classes e a luta anti-capital. Um conflito que tende a se radicalizar com o aumento dos monopólios globais e aumento da miséria do mundo do trabalho; um processo contraditório em que, por um lado, mais sujeitos tornam-se supérfluos para a reprodução da acumulação e, por outro, mais trabalhadores se unem pela necessidade urgente de inverter a fatalidade histórica do capital. É a luta que caminha no sentido de: supérfluos a sujeitos históricos .
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Neunsinger, Silke. "Die Arbeit der Frauen – die Krise der Männer : Die Erwerbstätigkeit verheirateter Frauen in Deutschland und Schweden 1919–1939." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of History, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1301.

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In 1939 a law was passed in Sweden which forbade employers to dismiss female employees because of marriage or pregnancy. In Germany a law had been introduced already in 1932, which gave employers the right to dismiss a woman when she married. It also gave women right to end their employment for the same reason. The political decisions behind these legal changes were in both cases the result of an extended debate on the right of employment of married women. This debate occurred in most industrialised European countries in the interwar period.

The increasing participation of women on the labour market was by some groups interpreted as a cause of mass unemployment. Economic crisis contributed to a crisis of masculinity, which then led to attacks on the rights of married women to paid employment. In Sweden there was a state commission set up in 1936 with the task of investigating women’s employment. This commission, kvinnoarbetskommittén, managed to demonstrate that dismissing women would not lead to a lowering of the unemployment figures for men, a task they accomplished through detailed studies of several labour market areas. The report of the commission guided the decision of parliament, a decision taken when the economic depression had already turned to a boom period. The composition of the commission as well as its work was a consequence of the strong influence of the Swedish women’s movement.

In Germany the rights of women to paid employment was limited already in 1923 as the result of the financial crisis of the state. During the depression the attacks on married women’s right to employment became a political tool, which could be used both in foreign and domestic policy. Dismissing married women employed as civil servants was aimed to quash the demands of unemployed men. A prime target in the foreign policy was to convince the victors of World War I that reparations exceeded the ability of the German nation, a nation which had been badly stricken by economic crisis and unemployment. With this argument a solution of the unemployment issue was given second priority.

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Hackell, Melissa. "Towards a neoliberal citizenship regime: A post-Marxist discourse analysis." The University of Waikato, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2530.

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This thesis is empirically grounded in New Zealand's restructuring of unemployment and taxation policy in the 1980s and 1990s. Theoretically it is inspired by a post-Marxist discourse analytical approach that focuses on discourses as political strategies. This approach has made it possible, through an analysis of changing citizenship discourses, to understand how the neoliberalisation of New Zealand's citizenship regime proceeded via debate and struggle over unemployment and taxation policy. Debates over unemployment and taxation in New Zealand during the 1980s and 1990s reconfigured the targets of policy and re-ordered social antagonism, establishing a neoliberal citizenship regime and centring political problematic. This construction of a neoliberal citizenship regime involved re-specifying the targets of public policy as consumers and taxpayers. In exploring the hegemonic discourse strategies of the Fourth Labour Government and the subsequent National-led governments of the 1990s, this thesis traces the process of reconfiguring citizen subjectivity initially as 'social consumers' and participants in a coalition of minorities, and subsequently as universal taxpayers in antagonistic relation to unemployed beneficiaries. These changes are related back to key discursive events in New Zealand's recent social policy history as well as to shifts in the discourses of politicians that address the nature of the public interest and the targets of social policy. I argue that this neoliberalisation of New Zealand's citizenship regime was the outcome of the hegemonic articulatory discourse strategies of governing parties in the 1980s and 1990s. Struggles between government administrations and citizen-based social movement groups were articulated to the neoliberal project. I also argue that in the late 1990s, discursive struggle between the dominant parties to define themselves in difference from each other reveals both the 'de'contestation of a set of neoliberal policy prescriptions, underscoring the neoliberal political problematic, and the privileging of a contributing taxpayer identity as the source of political legitimacy. This study shows that the dynamics of discursive struggle matter and demonstrates how the outcomes of discursive struggle direct policy change. In particular, it establishes how neoliberal discourse strategies evolved from political discourses in competition with other discourses to become the hegemonic political problematic underscoring institutional practice and policy development.
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Faniel, Jean. "Les syndicats, le chômage et les chômeurs: raisons et évolution d'une relation complexe." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210879.

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En Belgique, 85% des chômeurs sont affiliés à une organisation syndicale. Cette situation inhabituelle est principalement due à la fonction d’organisme de paiement des allocations de chômage que remplissent les trois syndicats interprofessionnels. L’objet de la thèse est d’examiner les origines de la relation particulière qui découle de cet état de fait et de questionner ses implications tout à la fois pour les syndicats et pour les chômeurs.

Les développements théoriques se penchent sur le mode de fonctionnement et sur les déterminants de l’action des organisations syndicales, sur les causes du chômage et ses conséquences pour les travailleurs salariés et leurs organisations, ainsi que sur les obstacles et les incitants à l’action collective contestataire des sans-emploi.

Ces outils d’analyse sont ensuite utilisés pour examiner, depuis l’origine des organisations syndicales contemporaines et de l’indemnisation du chômage, au XIXe siècle, jusqu’à la réforme du mode de contrôle des chômeurs en 2004, les fondements et l’évolution de la relation que les syndicats belges entretiennent avec les questions de l’emploi et du chômage d’une part, avec les chômeurs d’autre part.

In Belgium, 85% of the unemployed are unionised. This peculiar situation is mainly related to the specific position of the trade unions, as the jobless can choose to receive their benefits through the intervention of one of the three national unions. The Ph.D. dissertation aims at examining the origins of that specific relationship and its implications on both the trade unions and the unemployed.

The theoretical part explores the features of union action and functioning, the causes of unemployment and its consequences for the workers and their organisations, as well as the impediments and impetus to the contentious mobilisation of the unemployed.

Based on that theoretical framework, the Ph.D. dissertation then examines the origins and the evolution from the 19th century till 2004 of the union positions on the issues of employment and unemployment on the one hand, and their links with the jobless on the other.


Doctorat en sciences politiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Figueiredo, Filho Carolina Barbosa Gomes 1987. "Desemprego e organização dos trabalhadores desempregados no Brasil : as políticas da CUT-SP e do MST-SP durante os governos Lula." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/281650.

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Orientador: Andréia Galvão
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa de Mestrado se propõe a analisar como se manifesta o desemprego e como tem se dado a organização dos trabalhadores desempregados no Brasil, em especial no Estado de São Paulo, nos anos de 2003 a 2010. Isso será feito a partir da análise de duas formas de organização, o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) e a Central Única dos Trabalhadores (CUT), enquanto distintas e importantes referências nas lutas sociais no Brasil. Para isso, abordamos as especificidades do capitalismo, do desemprego e da questão agrária no Brasil, bem como o papel do Estado e os impactos do neoliberalismo sobre o mercado de trabalho, em especial, no caso paulista. Além disso, discutimos questões gerais sobre qual(is) a(s) condição(ões) de classe dos desempregados, sobre as dificuldades e potencialidades da organização destes, sobre a sua relação com os trabalhadores em atividade, de modo a relacionar a organização analisada a aspectos objetivos da formação econômica e social do país e a elementos conjunturais, ideológicos e políticos. O trabalho está dividido em quatro partes. Em um primeiro momento, discorremos sobre o debate teórico que orienta a análise sobre o desemprego e sua relação com o modo de produção capitalista, inclusive na especificidade do capitalismo dependente brasileiro, tendo em vista demonstrar a complexidade do fenômeno e, portanto, as diversas questões e problemáticas que o estudo sobre o desemprego suscita no campo das ciências sociais. Em seguida, desenvolvemos um estudo sobre a dimensão e a manifestação do desemprego durante o período marcado pelo avanço da política neoliberal no Brasil e as particularidades da expressão desse fenômeno nos governos Lula. Depois, analisamos as políticas da CUT-SP para a organização da superpopulação relativa, em suas diferentes expressões, relacionada à estratégia sindical desta entidade. Por fim, buscamos resgatar as principais características gerais da base de desempregados que o MST se propõe a organizar no Estado de São Paulo, bem como as concepções político-ideológicas desse movimento e suas formas de luta
Abstract: This research aims to analyze how unemployment occurs in Brazil and how has been the organization of unemployed workers in this country, especially in the state of São Paulo, in the years 2003 to 2010. This will be done by analyzing the policies of ?Central Única dos Trabalhadores? (CUT) and of "Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra" (MST) to organize unemployed workers as important references in social struggles in Brazil. At first, we will discuss the theoretical debate that guides the analysis of unemployment and its relationship to the capitalist mode of production, including the specificity of Brazilian dependent capitalism in order to demonstrate the complexity of the phenomenon and, therefore, the various issues and problems about the study of unemployment in the social sciences. Then, we will develop a study on the extent and manifestation of unemployment during the period marked by the advance of neoliberal policy in Brazil and characteristics of expression of this phenomenon in Lula's government. After that, we analyze the policies of CUT-SP for the organization of the unemployed workers, in its different expressions, related with its union strategy. Finally, we will seek to redeem the principal characteristics of the unemployed in MST in the State of São Paulo, as well as the political and ideological conceptions of this movement and its forms of struggle. The sources of this research will be obtained through the literature available on the subject, a survey of press materials and the movement itself and conducting some interviews with leaders, activists and social base of the organization. This study will address the specifics of capitalism, unemployment and agrarian question in Brazil, as well as the role of the state and the impacts of neoliberalism on the labor market, especially in the case of São Paulo. Also, it discusses general issues about which condition(s) of the class of unemployed, about the difficulties and potentialities of the organization, about their relationship with workers in activity, in order to relate the MST-SP with the objective aspects of economic and social formation of the country and with ideological and political elements
Mestrado
Ciencia Politica
Mestra em Ciência Política
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Pereira, Clara Maria Guimarães Marinho. "Economia solidária = uma investigação sobre suas iniciativas." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286391.

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Orientador: José Dari Krein
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: A presente dissertação investiga os determinantes da (in)capacidade de geração de bem-estar sócio-econômico das iniciativas de Economia Solidária aos seus associados, de forma participativa e articulada ao enfrentamento de problemáticas públicas. Em busca de respostas, realizou-se uma resenha sobre as principais teses produzidas sobre o assunto. A primeira delas e mais popular, trata a Economia Solidária como veículo para o modo de produção socialista. A segunda considera a Economia Solidária como uma forma anticapitalista e plural de produção que, no entanto, não enseja uma nova forma totalizante de organização social. A despeito das diferenças, ambas as teses consideram que a Economia Solidária é uma forma de produção sensivelmente diversa da empresa tipicamente capitalista, cujos processos autogestionários propiciam seu êxito econômico e o engajamento social de seus trabalhadores. Por fim, encontra-se uma terceira tese, que antagoniza com as anteriores e vê a Economia Solidária como forma precária de ocupação e reconhecimento público do desassalariamento. Ponderando-se que o questionamento colocado exige o confronto dessas teses com a realidade, a pesquisa percorreu três caminhos. O primeiro deles consistiu em analisar as transformações mais gerais, no plano da economia e da sociedade, que propiciaram a emergência da Economia Solidária ainda nos anos 1980. Em seguida, realizou-se uma revisão da literatura empírica sobre suas iniciativas. Por fim, procurou-se aprofundar o conhecimento sobre elas através de uma investigação empírica da principal fonte de informações a respeito, o Sistema Nacional de Informações em Economia Solidária (SIES). Os resultados das análises quanti-qualitativas realizadas sugerem que as iniciativas solidárias encerram um quadro sócio-econômico bastante contraditório, que mistura diversos elementos das referidas teses
Abstract: This thesis investigates the determinants of Solidarity Economy's Organizations' (in) ability to generate socioeconomic well-being to their members in an articulate and participatory way to cope with problems originated in the society. Seeking answers, a review of the main thesis on the subject was produced. The first and most popular thesis claim the Solidarity Economy as a vehicle for Socialist mode of production. The second one considers the Solidarity Economy as an anti-capitalist and plural form of production that does not, however, envisaged a new form of social organization. Despite the differences, both thesis considered that the Solidarity Economy is a way of producing significantly different from a typical capitalist firm which self-managed processes provide its economic success and social engagement of employees. Finally, a third thesis, which antagonizes the past thesis and sees the Solidarity Economy as precarious occupation and public recognition of "unwaged". Ponder the placed question requires the confrontation of these thesis with reality so the searching toured three paths. The first one consisted of examining more general transformations in terms of economy and society, which led to the emergence of the Solidarity Economy back in the 1980s. Then, a review of the empirical literature on its initiatives consisted of the second path. Finally, the third path tried to deepen the knowledge through empirical research of the primary source of information regarding the National System of Information on Solidarity Economy (NSISE). The results of the qualitative and quantitative analyses carried out suggest that solidarity initiatives finish a socioeconomic framework off rather contradictory, mixing different elements of referred thesis
Mestrado
Economia Social e do Trabalho
Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico
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Perez, Marcos Emilio. "Grievances matter : unemployment and the decline of the piquetero movement (2003-2007)." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-2709.

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The unemployed workers movement in Argentina (also known as the piqueteros) emerged during the mid 1990s, as a response to the increasing poverty and unemployment produced by the economic reforms implemented by the national government. Its extraordinary growth and leading role in the protests of 2001-2002 led many scholars to believe that it would become an enduring aspect of Argentina’s politics. However, after 2002, the movement entered a period of decline, which was reflected in the loss of members, support, and public influence. In this paper, I study the trajectory of this movement in order to advance certain arguments regarding the relation between grievances and collective action. I will argue that a key factor behind the decline of the movement was the amelioration of the main grievance which gave it rise. The emergence and consolidation of the piqueteros coincided with a period of increasing unemployment. However, after 2002, Argentina’s economy entered a phase of intense growth which significantly improved labor market conditions. The new scenario deeply affected the movement’s influence. Therefore, the study of the piqueteros can provide significant insight about social movement theory. In particular, it suggests that the relation between grievances and collective action is more direct than what the resource mobilization and political process approaches predict. In other words, the case of the piqueteros shows that grievances matter: although several factors may mediate between them and collective action, their effect is never negligible. In addition, this paper addresses a more “empirical” gap. Although there is an increasing body of literature about the decline of the piquetero movement, most studies focus on political variables and neglect the potential role played by the reduction in unemployment. In other words, in exploring the causes of this downfall, authors usually center on the emergence of a new government in 2003, the divisions between different organizations, and the loss of legitimacy among other sectors of society. By focusing on an alternative explanation, I expect to contribute to the understanding of this movement.
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Books on the topic "Unemployment movement"

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Missouri. Division of Employment Security. Missouri employment security: Review of a movement and a family. [Jefferson City, Mo.] (421 E. Dunklin St., P.O. Box 59, Jefferson City 65104-0059): [Missouri Dept. of Labor and Industrial Relations, Division of Employment Security], 1996.

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Gausden, Robert. The cyclical movement of unemployment in the North of England. Newcastle upon Tyne: Newcastle Economic Research Unit, 1995.

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Reiss, Matthias. Unemployment and protest: New perspectives on two centuries of contention. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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Oord, Ad van den. Voor arbeid en brood: Arbeidsbeweging en collectieve actie van werklozen in Nederland : een vergelijkende studie van de jaren dertig en tachtig. Amsterdam: Thesis Publishers, 1990.

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Katz, Philip. The long weekend: Combating unemployment during the inter-war years. [S.l.]: Hetherington Press, 2001.

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Scott, Adams. The effects of living wage laws: Evidence from failed and derailed living wage campaigns. Bonn, Germany: IZA, 2005.

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Phrưksākasēmsuk, Somyot. Prakan sangkhom kānwāngngān, khwāmwang khō̜ng phūchai rǣngngān læ khon wāngngān. Kō̜thō̜mō̜. [i.e. Krung Thēp Mahā Nakhō̜n]: Sūn Prasānngān Kammakō̜n, 1999.

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Wilding, Peter. --für Arbeit und Brot: Arbeitslose in Bewegung : Arbeitslosenpolitik und Arbeitslosenbewegung in der Zwischenkriegszeit in Österreich (mit dem regionalgeschichtlichen Schwerpunkt Steiermark). Wien: Europaverlag, 1990.

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Olofsson, Gunnar. Labour movement and unemployment policies: Employment and unemployment and related policies in Denmark, Sweden, Great Britain, and West Germany, 1970-1984. Copenhagen K, Denmark: Project Labour Movement and the Welfare State, Sociological Institute, University of Copenhagen, 1987.

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Labour Movement National Inquiry into Youth Unemployment and Training. Report of the National Labour Movement inquiry into youth unemployment and training.: A labour movement policy for education, training and jobs. Birmingham: TURC, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Unemployment movement"

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Li, Xiaochun, and Yuanting Xu. "Unemployment, Wage Inequality, and International Factor Movement in the Presence of Agricultural Dualism." In New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives, 203–14. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3569-2_12.

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Mawiyo, J. N. "16. Coping with Unemployment Problem in Kenya: A Case Study ofthe Village Polytechnic Movement." In Poverty and Rural Development, 331–38. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780443003.016.

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Schnabel, Reinhold. "Migrants’ Access to Social Protection in Germany." In IMISCOE Research Series, 179–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51241-5_12.

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Abstract Migration patterns in Germany have changed considerably during the post-war period. The active recruitment of “guest workers” stopped during the 1970s and was replaced by family reunification. Two big crisis-driven immigration waves swept Germany, following the collapse of Yugoslavia and the crises in the countries from Syria to Afghanistan. These immigration waves triggered legislation aimed at reducing immigration incentives, especially in the asylum law. From the early 2000s on, German policy turned more liberal following the EU Directives on freedom of movement and for highly qualified persons from non-EEA countries. Migration patterns changed dramatically, with EEA countries becoming the leading source of German immigration. EEA countries replaced the Anglo-Saxon immigration countries as the leading sources and destinations of migration. It is reassuring for economic policy that EU migrants, notably from Bulgaria and Romania, display high levels of employment and have boosted German employment, while unemployment rates reached historic lows. During the past decades, migration obstacles for EEA citizens have been lowered or abolished. Main obstacles to immigration of non-EEA citizens persist due to the restrictive law on residence permits. As a result, student visas, academic credentials, or family reunification are the main legal pathways to Germany. Given the difficulty to proof the equivalence of a foreign non-academic degree, it is far more promising for persons from third countries to apply for asylum with the chance to get a permanent residence permit after several years as a tolerated migrant.
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Cinalli, Manlio, Carlo De Nuzzo, and Cecilia Santilli. "Changing Fields of Solidarity in France: A Cross-field Analysis of Migration, Unemployment and Disability." In Transnational Solidarity in Times of Crises, 157–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49659-3_6.

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Abstract This chapter evaluates the implications of recent crises for solidarity organisations in France. The main aim is to assess whether solidarity remains nationally bounded or otherwise follows some consistent pattern of transnationalisation. By focusing on the fields of migration, unemployment and disability, the chapter examines the main attributes of solidarity organisations; in particular, the analysis aims to evaluate how transnational features relate to endogenous characteristics, such as activities, roles and networks affecting their particular experiences within changing fields of solidarity. Crucially, findings show that the economic crisis and welfare retrenchment in France have well served the purpose of governments willing to pre-empt strong political challenge by potential solidarity movements.
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Nagar, Richa, Sangtin Kisan Mazdoor Sangathan, and Parakh Theatre. "Movement as Theater." In Hungry Translations, 47–104. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042577.003.0003.

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Part Two revolves around protests and campaigns that have formed Sangtin Kisan Mazdoor Sangathan's battles with the Indian state, its development apparatus, and the intimate and violent hierarchies of caste, class, religion, and gender within and against which SKMS saathis live and fight every day. It describes SKMS's struggles to bring water to a dry irrigation channel and to win unemployment compensation under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MNREGA). Significantly, these stories are simultaneously about articulating a vision of solidarity through the continuous work of evolving complex relationships and political analyses among SKMS saathis, including a Savarna writer, such as the author herself, who is not a kisan or mazdoor and who earns her living as a university professor in the USA.
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Bauder, Harald. "Devalued Germans." In Labor Movement. Oxford University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195180879.003.0015.

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Despite the privilege of German citizenship, Spätaussiedler experience difficulties in the German labor market. Unemployment tends to be high, and many of those who are employed fill positions in the secondary segment of the labor market. A problem for many Spätaussiedler is that their former occupations do not exist or are not in demand in Germany. Tractor operators, technicians in the oil industry, and coal miners from the former Soviet Union have difficulty finding employment in their fields, particularly in Berlin. Other Spätaussiedler still work in their general field, but below their original qualifications. Of these, many are denied work in their former occupations because their foreign occupational and educational credentials are not recognized by German authorities and employers. Government efforts to streamline the transferability of foreign credentials have concentrated on countries within the European Union (Schneider 1995); however, Spätaussiedler from the territory of the former Soviet Union do not benefit from these efforts. Although, as German citizens, they are legally entitled to credential assessment, exclusionary practices in the credential assessment and recognition process still make it difficult for Spätaussiedler to obtain work in the upper labor market segment. These immigrants fall victim to a double standard that values domestic and foreign credentials differently. The nonrecognition of foreign credentials as a mechanism of labor devaluation is not unusual in countries that receive large numbers of immigrants, as illustrated in chapter 5 in the case of immigrants in Vancouver. In Germany, Spätaussiedler present an interesting group because they enjoy citizenship rights and privileges unavailable to other immigrant groups. They receive full legal labor market access, economic integration assistance, the right to credential assessment, privileged treatment by labor market institutions, and, unlike foreigners and naturalized migrants, they are able to use their foreign qualifications to establish small businesses and offer vocational apprenticeships. In some instances, Spätaussiedler even receive preferential treatment relative to other Germans, for example, when applying for small business loans (Juris 2003, BFVG §14). In light of these privileges, labor devaluation through legal exclusion is apparently not an issue for Spätaussiedler.
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Trotter, Joe William. "Confronting Decline and Facilitating Renaissance." In Pittsburgh and the Urban League Movement, 159–79. University Press of Kentucky, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5810/kentucky/9780813179919.003.0008.

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During the late 20th century, as the city made the transition from its predominantly manufacturing base to a new economy driven by high technology medical, educational, financial, and marketing institutions, African Americans suffered disproportionately higher unemployment, disease, poverty, and incarceration rates than their white counterparts. Near century's end, the Urban League of Pittsburgh deepened the political side of its social service activities to address what it called a seemingly “never-ending cycle” of “revolving doors and broken ladders” for too many of the city's black residents.
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Castillo, Thomas A. "Winter Playground Blues." In Working in the Magic City, 101–22. University of Illinois Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252044458.003.0005.

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Three key interrelated issues shaped the politics and economics of south Florida unemployment through the 1930s: regular seasonal unemployment, home labor protectionism, and a set of deficient welfare programs reliant on state exclusionary practices. These three issues defined the contours of unemployment as a problem and the limitations the unemployment movement faced in their fight against poverty and joblessness. Tracing the history of Miami’s Depression-era unemployment, the chapter explores how class harmony discourse, expressed in home labor terms, mitigated class tension by reinforcing local efforts to exclude impoverished transients and migrants from the city. It provides a history of the hobo express, a local tradition whereby the police forcibly expelled the transient poor in order to protect the tourist tropical landscape and home labor.
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Castillo-Muñoz, Verónica. "Revolution, Labor Unions, and Land Reform in Baja California." In Other California. University of California Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520291638.003.0004.

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This chapter discusses the formation of labor organizations of Mexican and Asian workers, and their influence on both the labor movement and the movement for land reform. Following the decade of revolutionary upheaval, the population of Baja California increased from 23,537 in 1921 to 48,327 in 1930. During the same time frame, the Colorado River Land Company abandoned large tracts of uncultivated land, which led to an increase in unemployment and stiffer competition between Asian and Mexican workers. Unemployment, combined with the housing shortage caused by a new wave of Mexican migrant workers from the United States, led to the formation of labor unions where indigenous peoples, Mexicans, and Mexican Americans demanded access to farmland and called for restrictions on Chinese immigration. Chinese workers formed Chinese associations in the face of repression and forced deportations. While these struggles reveal how workers dealt with hard financial times, they also show how race, gender, and ethnic affiliations shaped activism and early land reform movements in the Mexicali Valley in the 1920s.
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Siphambe, Happy, Mavis Kolobe, and Itumeleng Primrose Oageng. "Employment Protection Legislation and Unemployment in Botswana." In Employment Protection Legislation in Emerging Economies, 157–91. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4134-9.ch008.

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Botswana has experienced phenomenon economic growth and structural transformation since independence. Despite the achievement in terms of economic growth, the country has had challenges with unemployment averaging 20% and being quite high for youth. The labour laws have changed over time to conform to international standards. The current changes have, however, not been positive in terms of labour relations with the transition from consultative system to collective bargaining almost forestalled. The labour movement has been quite weak. The labour laws have had mixed impact on employment and the labour market and employment creation. The chapter makes key recommendations on how Botswana's labour environment can be transformed based on international experience. Key recommendations are towards employment creation and improving the social dialogue space, especially for labour as the weaker party. This should go a long way in increasing labour productivity and dealing with the persistent problem of poor work ethic.
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Conference papers on the topic "Unemployment movement"

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Umarova, Mukaddas. "The Issues of Statistical Observation of Labor Force Migration." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02071.

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Objective statistical information allows to provide the effective performance of government acts on migration, evaluate their consequence and results, and compare migration follows in different regions of the world. In international standards there is no unique comments and recommendations on information sources of statistical indicators about employment, unemployment, economic activeness and territorial movement of population. Observation of households is the most flexible method of collection of all information.
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Milutinović, Sonja, and Miljan Leković. "THE FUTURE OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA AS AN ADVENTURE TOURISM DESTINATION." In Tourism International Scientific Conference Vrnjačka Banja - TISC. FACULTY OF HOTEL MANAGEMENT AND TOURISM IN VRNJAČKA BANJA UNIVERSITY OF KRAGUJEVAC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52370/tisc22582sm.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has dealt a particularly severe blow to the tourism industry. The introduced movement restrictions resulted in an unprecedented drop in tourist movements, causing economic loss and unemployment in this sector. However, not all tourism segments suffered equal effects. Namely, adventure tourism, as a type of tourism that takes place in the natural environment and most often in small groups, experienced growth during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, it is expected that in the post-pandemic period, its growth will be even higher. In that sense, the aim of this paper is to emphasize the natural potentials of the Republic of Serbia as adventure tourism destination. The results of the qualitative analysis have shown that the Republic of Serbia has abundant natural resources for, yet insufficiently developed, adventure tourism.
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Naz, Asma. "Design Driven by Sensory Perceptive Variability." In Human Systems Engineering and Design (IHSED 2021) Future Trends and Applications. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001162.

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Fear, anxiety, and stress of perceived or real threats of ailment, unemployment, lack of physical contacts and isolation, and movement restrictions leading to remote work and education are some of the new realities arising from the Covid-19 pandemic. New and exacerbated existing mental and physical health concerns are crucial when rethinking living spaces. This paper presents the design concept for an architectural “intelligent” system that will adapt to the user. It will generate, in real time, variable “affective environments” by manipulating space perceptual parameters in order to accommodate a user’s wants, needs, and desires. Machine Learning (ML) provides the data that drives perceptual variability. The concept can be applied in healthcare (e.g., recovery rooms, care units) where sensory stimulation is key to treatment.
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Yayar, Rüştü, Meltem Uçgunoğlu, and Yusuf Demir. "Determinants of Internal Migration in Turkey." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01513.

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Migration is defined as movement of population from one place to another. If population moves within the country, it is identified as internal migration, vice versa if population moves out of country, it is identified as emigration. Thanks to economic policies implemented in 1980’s in Turkey, there has been structural transformation. With the beginning of intensive migration from rural areas to urban places, this movement has brought some problems. In this paper, firstly internal migration phenomenon will be explained theoretically and will be presented in terms of Turkey side with various statistics. Some factors which are thought as having an impact on emergence of internal migration that heads to serious problems and reached serious dimensions in Turkey will be estimated with regression model. Economic reasons of migration will be discussed with driving and attractive forces. And with this approach, it is planned as the migration rate will be added to regression model as dependent variable and income, education, unemployment and health will be added to model as independent variable. Social and economic policies will be proposed in order to provide solutions of problems about internal migration.
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Roy, B. C., and Sumit Wagh. "Globalization of Structural Design and Construction in Developing Countries." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.2363.

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<p>Globalization is shrinking the world in many senses, but at the rates at which it is happening in various countries is different depending on where any country is situated on the scale of development; however, in construction industry, the level of globalization is much lower than in other segments of the economy, across most of the countries. True and the desired level of globalization can be achieved only when the design and construction practices are globally harmonized but adopting context-specific customization to accommodate the genius of each country. This paper aims to promote such diversity in unity. The global construction industry will be the biggest beneficiary of such a globalizing movement. World has faced several crises in different countries due to many reasons like war, terrorism, bad governance, which is leading to unemployment even among highly capable engineers. A globalized environment in construction would leverage global talent despite such adverse socio-political and environmental differences. Cost-optimization is likely to take on a different meaning, gaining a wider level of acceptability across the globe.</p>
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Mercado Cervera, Hugo José. "MODEL ESTIMATES FOR GENERATION AND DISTRIBUTION FROM NATIONAL TRAVELS OF TRANSPORT OF AIR CARGO BETWEEN MAJOR CITIES IN COLOMBIA." In CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.2460.

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This paper presents models of generation, extraction and distribution of travel for air cargo between the main cities of Colombia. To develop the work we use information of cargo movement in Colombia during 2012, from then, we make the performance analysis and modeling to estimate future behavior considering possible scenarios. The generation model analyzed statistical variables such as population, distance between the main cities of Colombia, the gross domestic product of the cities, indicators of industrial density, the level of unemployment, among other characteristics to determine their influence on transport domestic air cargo. For travel distribution model, including the gravitational, allowed to predict the behavior of air freight, under the hypothetical situation that the Colombian Caribbean coast will have a joint cargo airport that meets the needs of Barranquilla, Santa Marta and Cartagena. The results showed that despite the geographical situation of the cities, this is feasible, given that centralize the management of the three coastal cities in a specialized cargo airport could reduce generalized costs and encourage greater trade with the rest of the cities of Colombia, as demonstrated in the model.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.2460
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Ranasinghe, R. A. D. M., and T. K. G. P. Ranasinghe. "Evaluation of the impact of multiple factors, elements and neighborhood patterns on the spread of dengue and covid-19: special reference to Colombo 15." In Independence and interdependence of sustainable spaces. Faculty of Architecture Research Unit, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31705/faru.2022.1.

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During past decades, the mass movement of people from rural areas towards urban areas made cities vulnerable to environmental hazards, inequality, poverty, and communicable diseases identified as a huge threat. The spread of the Covid-19 pandemic causing more than five million deaths highlighted urban planning to rethink and rebuild cities to mitigate the pandemic and to create livable neighborhoods during future pandemics. The emergence of Dengue seasonally and the high number of victims and death rate is also critical health issue identified in Sri Lanka. After the emergence of covid-19, the urban areas have been highly affected and the urban households, lifestyles of people, and the corruption of countries’ economies caused an energy crisis, food crisis, unemployment, and increasing death rates that created a whole new chapter in urban planning to create comprehensive planning approaches to get back to normal while considering the risk factors. As Dengue fever is also more critical in the Sri Lankan context, the need for studies to identify the factors, and elements in urban areas including neighborhood patterns for the spread of Covid-19 and Dengue Fever is quite significant as a planner. The study focuses on the impact of urban elements, factors, and the different neighborhood patterns within the selected areas in Colombo-15 for the spread of covid-19 and dengue. The outputs indicate the vulnerability of different neighborhood patterns highlighting the measures that should be taken to mitigate the spread in the future. According to the study, the spread of dengue and covid-19 among people depends on the quality of housing and the characteristics of the neighbourhood and the comparatively high spread of diseases identified in horizontal neighborhoods with single-story housing and poor living condition.
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8

Porwal, Charles. "Exploring the spatial tools to generate social inclusive and empowered space for people living in margins." In Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/poca4957.

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A good public space must be accommodative for everyone including the marginal, the forgotten, the silent, and an undesirable people. With the process of development, the city leaves behind the marginalized section of the society especially urban poor, who constitute about 20-30 percent of the urban population and are majorly involved in informal settlement like congested housing typologies and informal economy in which they face the everyday social, physical and economic exclusion. Thus, the informal sector and the marginalized becomes the forgotten elements in urban space. ‘Cities for the Citizen’ a slogan described by Douglas address the same issues of democratization, multicultural/gender difference between humans. Though these people have strong characteristics and share a unique pattern and enhances the movement in the city which makes a city a dynamic entity. The lack of opportunities and participation to such section leaves the city divided and generates the negative impacts in the mind of victims which further leads to degradation of their mental health and city life because of their involvement in crime, unemployment, illiteracy and unwanted areas. The physical, social, cultural and economic aspects of space should accommodate the essential requirements for the forgotten and provide them with inclusive public environment. It is very necessary that they generate the association and attachment to the place of their habitation. We can easily summarize that the city which used to be very dynamic and energetic is now facing the extreme silence in the present pandemic times. The same people are returning back to their homes after facing the similar problems of marginalization and exclusion even during hard times where they had no place to cover their heads. So, we have to find the way in which they can be put into consideration and make them more inclusive and self-sustaining. With the economic stability, social stability is also equally necessary for the overall development of an individual. So, the paper tries to focus upon the idea of self-sustaining livelihood and social urbanism which talks about development of cities aiming to the social benefit and upliftment of their citizen. The social urbanism strategy in any project tries to inject investment into targeted areas in a way that cultivates civic pride, participation, and greater social impact. Thus, making the cities inclusive and interactive for all the development. The paper will tries to see such spaces as a potential investment in term of city’s finances and spaces to generate a spatial & development toolkit for making them inclusive by improving the interface of social infrastructure.
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Reports on the topic "Unemployment movement"

1

Rotemberg, Julio. Cyclical Movements in Wages and Consumption in a Bargaining Model of Unemployment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w6445.

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