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Journal articles on the topic 'Unemployed young people'
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1
Munive, Jairo. "The army of ‘unemployed’ young people." YOUNG 18, no. 3 (July 20, 2010): 321–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/110330881001800305.
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Youth employment has jumped to the forefront of the international development agenda, especially with regards to stabilizing so-called fragile states. Liberia is a case in point. Here post-conflict stability has been cast as deeply connected to the issue of youth idleness. The objective of the article is first to show how the provision of jobs and the idea of youth employment is given paramount importance for the stabilization of fragile post-conflict states like Liberia and the achievement of a ‘liberal’ peace. In what way precisely does unemployment constitute a problem? Is Liberian youth jobless? What about the place of informality and hustling in the livelihood strategies of youth? I address the issue of unemployment, security and the role of ‘informality’ in the lives of youth drawing on ethnographic material. I use one of my informants, Adonis, to situate and contextualize the discussion. The intention is to turn upside down the bureaucratic gaze that categorizes youth merely as ‘unemployed’ and show the way in which Adonis, like thousands of other youngsters, engages in the ‘informal’ economy.
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Morales Rodríguez, Francisco Manuel. "Vocational guidance programme for unemployed young people." Psicología Educativa 19, no. 1 (June 2013): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5093/ed2013a4.
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Hobbins, Jennifer. "Young Long-term Unemployed and the Individualization of Responsibility." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 6, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v6i2.4965.
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In Sweden, as in most Western societies, a common belief is that unemployment is somehow linked to the individual, her lack of work ethic, or other personal shortcomings rather than to structural causes. This is not only manifested in public arenas such as the media or political debates but also in our social surroundings. In recent years, these views have gained importance, indicating a shift in the location of responsibilities from the welfare state to the individual. This shift entails high demands and expectations on unemployed people and is something they have to deal with and relate to. One of the most exposed groups is young long-term unemployed. The aim of this article is to highlight how the discourse of individualized responsibility is reflected in unemployed peoples’ stories, and to shed light on the ways in which young long-term unemployed adults relate to and position themselves toward this discourse. Based on 18 qualitative interviews with young Swedish long-term unemployed people, the findings show three approaches to the discourse: conformity, distancing, and resistance.
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Hobbins, Jennifer. "Young Long-term Unemployed and the Individualization of Responsibility." Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies 6, no. 2 (June 17, 2016): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.19154/njwls.v6i2.4971.
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In Sweden, as in most Western societies, a common belief is that unemployment is somehow linked to the individual, her lack of work ethic, or other personal shortcomings rather than to structural causes. This is not only manifested in public arenas such as the media or political debates but also in our social surroundings. In recent years, these views have gained importance, indicating a shift in the location of responsibilities from the welfare state to the individual. This shift entails high demands and expectations on unemployed people and is something they have to deal with and relate to. One of the most exposed groups is young long-term unemployed. The aim of this article is to highlight how the discourse of individualized responsibility is reflected in unemployed peoples’ stories, and to shed light on the ways in which young long-term unemployed adults relate to and position themselves toward this discourse. Based on 18 qualitative interviews with young Swedish long-term unemployed people, the findings show three approaches to the discourse: conformity, distancing, and resistance.
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Sherraden, Michael, and Margaret Adamek. "Treating Unemployed Adolescents." Social Casework 66, no. 8 (October 1985): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104438948506600803.
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Young people who cannot find jobs to confirm their adult status often develop dysfunctional behavior patterns and low self-esteem. In treatment, interventions focusing on job opportunities have been found to help more than interventions focusing on psychological issues.
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Pultz, Sabina. "Shame and passion: The affective governing of young unemployed people." Theory & Psychology 28, no. 3 (March 27, 2018): 358–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0959354318759608.
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This study investigates how young, well-educated, unemployed people are governed and how they govern themselves through affective capacities, focusing here on shame and passion. The empirical material consists of field observations made at an unemployment fund and in-depth interviews with 33 young unemployed people in the Danish welfare state. Inspired by governmentality studies including recent contributions concerning affectivity, I analyse how affect, emotions, and feelings are pivotal instruments of governmentality. On the one hand, unemployed people are encouraged to cultivate a passion for their profession and display this passion in their quest for a job. On the other hand, they are encouraged to feel ashamed for receiving unearned money from the state. The study applies the theoretical framework from governmentality studies and combines it with concepts in Ahmed (2014) in order to unfold the affective sides of governing young unemployed people. The study contributes theoretically by developing Ahmed’s idea of “sticky emotions” in an explicit psychological manner by identifying an embodied and a phenomenological dimension. It concludes that shame and passion influence unemployed people differently in relation to their subjective life courses as well as in relation to their social and societal circumstances and that people deal with the stickiness of unemployment shame in different ways. Some get rid of it by sticking it to other unemployed groups and some by dis-identifying with their formal status and instead conducting themselves as freelancers. The study begins to fill in the gap of how the more diffuse sides of governing can be made psychologically identifiable and in doing so it sheds light on the intimate relationship between politics and psychology.
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Nada, Eva. "The construction of the category of unemployed young people with no qualifications in Switzerland." Journal of Comparative Social Work 7, no. 2 (October 1, 2012): 159–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31265/jcsw.v7i2.88.
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This paper explores the process of the rationalization of activation policies towards unemployed young people in Switzerland. It aims at analysing the mechanism of normalization for the criterion of “unqualified” among unemployed young people with no qualifications. Empirical observations show the growing difficulties for personal counsellors to categorize an increasingly heterogeneous population of young unemployed people. These difficulties crystallize themselves with the definition of the criterion “unqualified”, thereby ushering in a new activation measure that appraises the school- and psychological aptitudes of young people. This measure partially determines the eligibility of the unemployed young people and participates in producing a norm of the “right measure” in relation to the level of “unqualification”. The concept of “looping effect “ developed by Ian Hacking was used to analyse the mechanism of transformation of the category and its effects on the identities of both young people and the front line agents. The paper discusses how to apply a philosophical concept to the sociology of categorization in order to deepen our understanding of activation policies within the changing scene of European social policy.
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MacDonald, Helen. "ASSISTING YOUNG UNEMPLOYED PEOPLE: DIRECTIONS FOR EMPLOYMENT ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS." World Leisure & Recreation 39, no. 4 (January 1997): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10261133.1997.9674086.
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Liang, Jianqiang, Guat Tin Ng, Ming-sum Tsui, Miu Chung Yan, and Ching Man Lam. "Youth unemployment: Implications for social work practice." Journal of Social Work 17, no. 5 (May 13, 2016): 560–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468017316649357.
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Summary This article discusses a missing but emergent role of social work with unemployed young people. The authors highlight the transitional and structural factors of youth unemployment. Using a social work lens, the “Youth Employment Network” (YEN) is discussed and the International Labour Organization’s “4Es” (employability, equal opportunity, employment creation, entrepreneurship) framework is elaborated. This article adds a fifth “E” (Ecological connection) and proposes a “5Es” model for social workers to support unemployed young people to overcome transitional and structure barriers for employment. Findings Limited social work programs, studies, or evaluations are targeted for unemployed young people despite historical concern with employment conditions of workers and suggest the instrumental role in research, policy and practice concerning the unemployed young people. Applications Recommendations are provided in terms of how to implement the 5Es in policy, education, training, and direct practice of social work in youth employment.
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Južnik Rotar, Laura. "Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Employment Programme on Young Unemployed People." Engineering Economics 32, no. 1 (February 26, 2021): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ee.32.1.23276.
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Youth unemployment is of paramount concern for the European Union. Young people are facing potentially slow and difficult transitions into stable jobs. What optimally supports young people on the labour market poses a challenging question for economic policy makers. Active labour market policies can be beneficial to young unemployed people. The aim of active labour market policy is to improve employability of the unemployed. The consequences of an overly generous welfare state can be a reduction in motivation to work. The effectiveness of employment programmes is therefore a crucial step in the process. This paper aims to estimate the treatment effect of subsidized employment programmes on young Dutch unemployed people using difference in differences propensity score matching. We test whether the effects of subsidized employment programmes for young Dutch unemployed people are positive and strong in both the short and long term on the probability of re-employment and on the probability of participation in the regular educational system in comparison with the outcome produced in the event that an individual would continue seeking employment as an unemployed person. The probability of re-employment in short-term circumstances is positive, but small. Whereas with long-term examples (two years after the programme start) the probability is negative. Alternatively, the probability of participation in regular educational systems is positive in the short-term as well as in the long-term, but evidently decreases in the long-term. Welfare reforms undertaken in the Netherlands are directed towards enhancing efficiency. The role of social partners in social security administrations is reduced and the reforms are intended to promote reintegration of people who are out of work. There is a general agreement that the Netherlands is going in the right direction by giving priority to work and study over benefits, as it has become evident that generous social benefits make employment policies inefficient.
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Voronov, Viktor V., and Oksana P. Ruza. "Youth unemployment in the Latgale region of Latvia: causes and consequences." Baltic Region 10, no. 4 (2018): 88–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2018-4-6.
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Youth unemployment is a serious problem in Latvia, as unemployed young people make up 16.3 % of the total number of unemployed in the country, while in the Latgale region the number of unemployed young people aged 15—24 years was 18.8 % of the total number of unemployed in the country in 2015. The purpose of this study is to identify the main current causes of high unemployment amongst young people in the Latgale region of Latvia aged 15—24 years. This age group of young people acted as a target group for sociological research based on a quota sample (by sex and age) in an online survey of respondents in 2016. The results of the study were processed using the Statistika program. The transformation of social and economic processes in the world, Europe and the post- Soviet space has led to changes in the labor market of young people, which are objective and subjective, contradictory, which continue to this day. It is established that the behavioral rationalism of young people (labor mobility, vocational education, etc.) in the regional labor market is combined with its behavioral irrationalism (lack of desire to work for various reasons, the need for contact with family and friends, etc.). This is due to the growing uncertainty in the youth labor market due to the growth of competition, the emergence and growth of flexible forms of employment, depriving young people of the clarity of career and confidence in the future. The survey results also show that the majority of unemployed youth in the Latgale region deliberately refuses to emigrate outside Latvia and would like to link their future with the region and the country.
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Pultz, Sabina. "Unemployment in the Affective Economy: Exploring the Affective Governing of Young Unemployed People in the Danish Welfare State." Zeitschrift für Sozialreform 66, no. 3 (September 1, 2020): 335–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zsr-2020-0015.
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Abstract This case study investigates the affective governing of young unemployed people, and it concludes that getting money in the Danish welfare state comes with an “affective price”. In the quest for a job, unemployed people have been increasingly responsibilized in order to live up to the ideal of the active jobseeker. Consequently, when faced with unemployment, they are encouraged to work harder on themselves and their motivation. Based on an interview study with young unemployed people (N=39) and field observations made at employment fund agencies in Denmark (2014–15), I explore how young unemployed people are governed by and through their emotions. By supplementing governmentality studies (Foucault et al. 1988, 2010) with the concept of “affective economy” from Ahmed (2014), I discuss how young unemployed people who receive money from the Danish state are placed in a situation of debt. The paper unfolds how this debt becomes visible as the unemployed people often describe feeling under suspicion for not doing enough, for not being motivated enough. Through an abundance of (pro) activity, they have to prove the suspicion of being lazy wrong, and through managing themselves as active jobseekers, they earn the right to get money from the state. Here motivation, passion and empowerment are key currencies. I discuss the intricate interplay between monetary and affective currencies as well as political implications in the context of the Danish welfare. The article contributes by making visible the importance of taking affective matters into account when investigating the complex relationship between politics and psychology.
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Hawtdn, Keith, Kelly Houston, and Rosie Shepperd. "Suicide in young people." British Journal of Psychiatry 175, no. 3 (September 1999): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.175.3.271.
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BackgroundSuicide rates in youngmales in the UK have risen markedly in recent years.AimsTo investigate the characteristics of a series of consecutive suicides in under-25-year-olds.MethodWe studied coroners' inquest notes, general practitioners' records and psychiatric case notes of 174 individuals (148 males and 26 females) whose deaths received a verdict of suicide or an open or accidental verdict (excluding traffic accidents) where the circumstances strongly suggested suicide.ResultsMore individuals were of lower social class and unemployed than in the local population. Hanging and carbon monoxide poisoning were the most frequent methods of suicide, and co-proxamol was the drug most often used in overdoses. Previous self-harm had occurred in 44.8%, nearly half of these having carried out multiple episodes and 80% having self-harmed within the previous year. Little support was found for an earlier finding of increasing frequency of general practitioner visits shortly before death. Only 22.4% of individuals were in the care of psychiatric services.ConclusionsDiverse strategies are required to prevent suicide in the very young.
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Rudžinskienė, Rasa. "Jaunų ilgalaikių bedarbių integracijos į darbo rinką ypatumai." Socialinė teorija, empirija, politika ir praktika 7 (January 1, 2013): 24–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/stepp.2013.0.1396.
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Šiaulių universitetas, Vilniaus g. 88 Šiauliai,tel. (+370 611 66794)El. paštas: karjerosprojektavimas@gmail.comStraipsnyje analizuojami jaunimo nedarbo ir integracijos į darbo rinką teoriniai ypatumai. Įvardytos darbo rinkos, bedarbių, ilgalaikių jaunų bedarbių sąvokos. Išanalizuoti pagrindiniai veiksniai, turintys įtakos jaunimo integracijai į darbo rinką. Remiantis atliktais tyrimais išryškintas jaunų ilgalaikių bedarbių socialinis portretas, kurį pasitelkus identifikuoti pagrindiniai jauno ilgalaikio bedarbio bruožai. Pateikta jaunimo nuomonė apie Darbo biržos teikiamas paslaugas ir jų kokybę. Išanalizuotos jaunų ilgalaikių bedarbių neįsidarbinimo priežastys darbdavių ir jaunuolių požiūriu.Pagrindiniai žodžiai: darbo rinka, jauni ilgalaikiai bedarbiai, socialinis portretas.Peculiarities of Young Long-term Unemployed Integration in to the Labour MarketRasa RudžinskienėSummaryThe theatrical features of young people unemployment and integration into the labour market have been analysed. The concepts of labour market, unemployed, young long-term unemployed have been identified. The main factors of young people integration into the labour market have also been examined. The quantitative and qualitative research of young unemployed and employers is presented in the article in order to characterise the most important features of young long-term unemployed as well as to create their social portrait. The research has been accomplished in order to represent the youth opinion of labour exchange services and their quality. This research has also helped to reveal the reasons for youth (long-term) unemployment in the employers’ and young people’s opinion.Key words: labour marker, young long-term unemployed, social portrait.
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Pultz, Sabina, and Pernille Hviid. "Imagining a better future: Young unemployed people and the polyphonic choir." Culture & Psychology 24, no. 1 (July 25, 2016): 3–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354067x16660853.
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In this paper, we investigate how young unemployed people make sense of their situation in the face of adversity. Drawing on Cultural Life Course Theory and a new line of research on imagination, this multiple-case study examines the role of imagination for young unemployed people. Based on three in-depth interviews with young academics, we find that the ability to imagine a better future is pivotal for these young people in dealing with unemployment. We integrate the theoretical concept of imagination with Bronfenbrenner’s theory of ecological system. The integrative framework provides a multi-leveled analysis that examines how imaginations work at various levels and how these interact. Imaginations originate from subjective ideas about the future, developed biographically and in dialogue with others as well as societal discourses. We utilize Stern’s concept of experience when investigating how the individual has to relate to what we term the “polyphonic choir of imaginations” consisting of various and sometimes contradictory voices about what it means to be unemployed. Neoliberal policies introduced in the Danish welfare state and neoliberal ideas are singled out as particularly influential. This paper highlights the importance of taking into account temporality in the sense that visions about the future greatly impact how people deal with unemployment here-and-now.
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Belay, Degwale Gebeyehu, and Getu Alemu Robi. "Socio-Economic and Psychological Risks of Unemployed Youth in Developing Countries." International Journal of Risk and Contingency Management 7, no. 2 (April 2018): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrcm.2018040104.
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Urban youth unemployment has become a worldwide phenomenon in which Ethiopia is not an exception. Hawassa as among major cities of Ethiopia has become a home for many unemployed young people. This article has an overall objective of assessing the socio-economic and psychological risks of unemployed youth in Hawassa city. To address this objective, the article adopted both quantitative and qualitative research methods. A total of 157 unemployed youth were taken as a sample. Moreover, FGDs with unemployed youth and key informant interviews with different government institutions were important data collection tools. The findings reveal that unemployment affects the marital status, dignity, self-esteem, social status, education, and other socio-economic and psychological attributes of young people.
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Winefield, Anthony H. "Employment History and Psychological Well-Being in the Young Unemployed." Psychological Reports 72, no. 1 (February 1993): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1993.72.1.14.
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Data are reported from a study of 78 young people in which those currently unemployed were compared with those in satisfactory employment and full-time tertiary students on various measures of psychological well-being. Although as a group the unemployed were significantly worse off, this did not apply to the 22 who described themselves as having been “mostly employed” in the past. In research on the unemployed one should take into account not only the current situation, but also the employment history.
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Nichols, Geoff. "THE ROLE OF SPORTS COUNSELLING FOR UNEMPLOYED YOUNG PEOPLE ON PROBATION." World Leisure & Recreation 39, no. 4 (January 1997): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10261133.1997.9674085.
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Nyyssölä, Kari. "Young People and Flexibility of the Labour Market: The Willingness of Unemployed Finnish Young People towards Flexible Employment." Acta Sociologica 40, no. 1 (January 1997): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000169939704000101.
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McTier, Alexander, and Alan McGregor. "Influence of Work–Welfare Cycling and Labour Market Segmentation on Employment Histories of Young Long-Term Unemployed." Work, Employment and Society 32, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 20–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017017697857.
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The onset of the ‘Great Recession’ from 2008 was associated with a significant increase in long-term unemployment among young people. Work–welfare cycling has been put forward as a contributory factor. Drawing on a large-scale survey of long-term unemployed young people, this article argues that segmented labour market theory provides a strong explanatory framework for understanding the nature of long-term unemployment among young people, with the literature on work–welfare cycling contributing to an understanding of one of the processes by which precarious employment impacts on employability and labour supply. A second key finding is the heterogeneous nature of the young long-term unemployed, which in turn requires policy responses more customized to the needs of the different groups.
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White, Rob. "Making ends meet: Young people, work and the criminal economy." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 22, no. 3 (September 1989): 136–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486588902200302.
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This paper attempts to locate changes in young people's involvement in crime, and the policing of young people, within the context of a changing political economy and the broken transitions experienced by a significant proportion of young men and young women. It begins by significant proportion of young men and young women. It begins by discussing how many young working class people have been excluded from the formal waged economy due to structural changes in the labour market. The paper then explores the relationship between the “cash crisis” affecting many unemployed school leavers, and their income and lifestyle options in the spheres of the informal waged economy, the informal unwaged economy, and the criminal economy
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Winefield, Helen R., Anthony H. Winefield, and Marika Tiggemann. "Employment Status Transitions in a Longitudinal Study of Young People." Psychological Reports 71, no. 2 (October 1992): 532–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1992.71.2.532.
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We report the workforce status, one year later, of four annual waves of respondents in a longitudinal study. The satisfied employed were the most stable group, with an average of 90% remaining in the same category after one year. The dissatisfied employed had often (55% on average) become satisfied a year later, and the unemployed were the group most likely (at 18% on average) to undertake further study.
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Armstrong, David. "Youth unemployment in Northern Ireland." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 11, no. 4 (February 1997): 367–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690949708726354.
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Summary Nearly one tenth (8 per cent) of each cohort of school leavers in Northern Ireland experience long spells of unemployment and inactivity (“Status 0”) between the ages of 16 and 18. This is important because many such young people are likely to end up unemployed and long-term unemployed in later life. In Northern Ireland around 15 per cent of the male workforce is unemployed, and around one half of these have been out of work for more than one year. This paper outlines the nature of the Status 0 experience amongst 16 and 17 year olds in Northern Ireland, and discusses three main aspects of policy which might guide the overall policy response in Northern Ireland and elsewhere. Firstly, resources should be targeted carefully towards the most “at risk” young people, especially during the early stages of their progression through compulsory education. Secondly, relevant professionals should ensure that the most marginalised young people are not allowed to fall through the nets of mainstream provision and, in particular, every effort should be made to help young people avoid entering Status 0 immediately after leaving school. Thirdly, consideration should be given to the financial incentives faced by training providers in terms of recruiting low achievers who are at most risk of entering Status 0. There is some evidence to suggest that many of the existing incentives in Northern Ireland are inadequate and, in some cases, may exacerbate many of the problems faced by marginalised young people.
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Katayanagi, Mitsuaki, Moe Seto, Naoki Nakaya, Tomohiro Nakamura, Naho Tsuchiya, Akira Narita, Mana Kogure, et al. "Impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on the Employment Status and Mental Health Conditions of Affected Coastal Communities." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (November 3, 2020): 8130. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218130.
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The Great East Japan Earthquake devasted the old community in coastal areas characterized by primary industry. The number of unemployed people increased from 150,000 to 190,000 after the earthquake. All of the adult residents of Shichigahama (18 years old or older), located in the coastal area of the Miyagi prefecture, whose houses were totally or majorly damaged, were recruited for a survey conducted in October 2011. All of the residents who responded with written informed consent were included in this study. Among 904 individuals who had a job before the Great East Japan Earthquake, 19% became unemployed. Concerning gender and age, 9% of young men, 34% of elderly men, 21% of young women, and 49% of elderly women became unemployed. Concerning the type of industry, 38%, 15%, and 16% of people who had belonged to the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries, respectively, before the disaster became unemployed. Those who became unemployed exhibited a significantly higher risk of insomnia compared to those who maintained jobs. The study pointed out the severe impact of the Great East Japan Earthquake on populations who had belonged to the primary industry, especially among elderly women, and its effect on sleep conditions.
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Wisniewski, Vivian, and Erica Frydenberg. "Coping Skills of Intellectually Disabled Young Adults: An Exploratory Investigation." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 12, no. 1 (May 1995): 8–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200027127.
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ABSTRACTThe coping actions of a group of young people with an intellectual disability were investigated using an adapted version of The Adolescent Coping Scale (ACS; Frydenberg & Lewis, 1993a). Generally, the coping of this population has been addressed by focusing on adaptive behaviours that, generally, have been determined on the basis of reports by significant others rather than by self-report instruments. The lack of suitable instruments rarely gives these young people opportunities to reflect on their behaviour. In this exploratory investigation, an adapted version of the ACS, a recently developed Australian self-report measure of coping, was administered to young people with intellectual disabilities who were in employment (n = 4) or who were unemployed (n = 18). It was found that employed young people coped in more positive ways than did the unemployed group. The only distinguishing characteristic between the ways in which males and females coped was a declaration by females that they lacked the strategies with which to cope. There was a general concurrence between self-reported coping actions and those reported by significant others. The findings suggest that an adapted version of the ACS may be useful with this population of young people. Further development and validation of the instrument with this population are recommended.
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Rak, Anna. "Aktywizacja zawodowa młodych osób bezrobotnych w wybranych powiatach ziemskich podregionu siedleckiego." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 18(33), no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 262–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2018.18.3.84.
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Youth unemployment is currently among the most serious problems on the Polish and EU labour markets. The young account for nearly half of the unemployed on the two markets. The purpose of the paper is to determine the interest of young unemployed residents of rural areas in labour market programmes and to diagnose the methods of seeking employment used by those people. The information presented mainly comes from the results of questionnaire surveys carried out in three rural counties of the Siedlce subregion.
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Matthies, Aila-Leena, Kati Närhi, and Tuomo Kokkonen. "The Promise and Deception of Participation in Welfare Services for Unemployed Young People." Critical Social Work 19, no. 2 (December 16, 2018): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22329/csw.v19i2.5677.
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This study examined the role of welfare services in the participative citizenship of young people under 30 years of age outside the labour market. Thematic content analysis of the government’s white papers regarding participation policies, as well as participatory action research projects in two Finnish towns, were used to identify factors that enable or hinder participation for this group of service users. The paradigm of participation was critically examined with reference to the theoretical framework of Max Horkheimer and Theodor Adorno’s “dialectic of Enlightenment”, which proposes the parallel existence of the promise and the deception of Enlightenment. The results indicated that user participation holds the potential to promote democratization, consolidation, and qualitative improvements in services, especially by valuing experience-based knowledge and enabling the growing political citizenship of young people. However, the promises of the paradigm of participation can turn toward deception when applied as a managerialistic workfare instrument to control young people’s behaviour and can even deepen marginalization by focusing only on their absence from workforce participation. The ambivalent role of social sciences and social work as agencies of Enlightenment in developing participation technologies is also discussed.
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Vancea, Mihaela, Jennifer Shore, and Mireia Utzet. "Role of employment-related inequalities in young adults’ life satisfaction: A comparative study in five European welfare state regimes." Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 47, no. 3 (January 25, 2019): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1403494818823934.
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Aims: There is evidence that young people are less satisfied with their lives when they are unemployed or working in precarious conditions. This study aims to shed light on how the life satisfaction of unemployed and precariously employed young people varies across welfare states with different labour market policies and levels of social protection. Methods: The analyses are based on representative cross-sectional survey data from five European countries (Denmark, the UK, Germany, Spain and the Czech Republic), corresponding to five different welfare state regimes. For economically active young adults ( N=6681), the prevalence ratios of low life satisfaction were estimated through multivariate logistic regressions. Results: In all five countries, unemployed young adults presented a higher prevalence of low life satisfaction. When we compared employees with people with permanent and temporary contracts, the former were more satisfied with their lives only in Germany and the UK, examples of conservative and liberal welfare regimes, respectively. Experience of unemployment decreased young adults’ life satisfaction only in Germany and the Czech Republic, examples of a conservative and an eastern European welfare regime, respectively. In almost all countries, young adults with low economic self-sufficiency presented a higher prevalence of low life satisfaction. Conclusions: There are nuanced patterns of employment type and life satisfaction across European states that hint at welfare state regimes as possible moderators in this relationship. The results suggest that the psychological burdens of unemployment or work uncertainty cannot be overlooked and should be addressed according to different types of social provisions.
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Winefield, Anthony H., Marika Tiggemann, and Helen R. Winefield. "Spare time use and psychological well-being in employed and unemployed young people." Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology 65, no. 4 (December 1992): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00507.x.
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Grinevica, Liva, and Raimonds Kovalevs. "Integration of Young People into the Latvian Labour Market." Economics and Business 27, no. 1 (August 1, 2015): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eb-2015-0010.
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Abstract The research deals with the question of how different resources affect the labour market integration of the long-term unemployed youth. The main hypothesis it advances is that the youth who have access to different resources will find more stable jobs or develop their own business after unemployment than those lacking such different kinds of support. In making the education and employment decisions during the transition from school to work, there is strong evidence of the importance for young people to make good initial career decisions and an enduring effect of academic achievement on labour market and education outcomes. This research is based on scientific discussion of different author opinions and survey results of young people as well as on views on the future vision of authors.
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Harris, Neville. "Social Security and the Transition to Adulthood." Journal of Social Policy 17, no. 4 (October 1988): 501–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279400017037.
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ABSTRACTSocial security provision for young people has been cut back by a succession of reforms since 1980 culminating in the almost complete withdrawal of income support from 16 and 17 year olds by the Social Security Act 1988. Conservative government policy seems to indicate a desire that families assume greater responsibility for young people until either they find work or reach their mid-twenties. It is assumed that until young unemployed people reach this stage they are dependants, to be treated as such by the social security system (and, to a large extent, by the training schemes). But the twentieth century has seen a progressive growth of young people's independence and expectations of it among young people and their families. The enforced dependency produced by recent government policy runs counter to this trend. More importantly, it may be having a profound effect on the progress of the transition to adulthood.
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SAUNDERS, PETER. "Mutual Obligation, Participation and Popularity: Social Security Reform in Australia." Journal of Social Policy 31, no. 1 (January 2002): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279402006499.
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Mutual obligation – the idea that those who receive assistance in times of need should be required to ‘give something back’ – is the driving force behind the current social security reform agenda in Australia. After more than a decade of intense reform, the Australian Government is considering a reform blueprint based on the recommendations of a Welfare Reform Reference Group. These include proposals to increase mutual obligation requirements on the unemployed and that sole parents and disability support pensioners should be required to demonstrate some form of social or economic participation in return for receiving income support. Results from a national survey of public opinion are used to explore community views on a range of mutual obligation requirements for the unemployed. The analysis indicates that there is support for mutual obligation for the young and long-term unemployed, but not for others, such as the older unemployed, those caring for young children and those with a disability. Most people also see mutual obligation as implying action on the part of government to reduce unemployment and ease the plight of the unemployed.
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Ullah, Philip, Michael Banks, and Peter Warr. "Social support, social pressures and psychological distress during unemployment." Psychological Medicine 15, no. 2 (May 1985): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700023564.
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SynopsisA sample of 1150 unemployed 17 year-olds, containing blacks and whites, males and females, was obtained from 11 urban regions in England. Social support was measured in respect of five different forms of help from others. Measures were also obtained of psychological distress, perceived pressure from others to obtain a job, employment commitment, contact with other young people, and contact with other unemployed young people. Two forms of social support (having someone to turn to for help with money, and having someone to suggest interesting things to do) were significantly associated with measures of distress, as were perceived pressure to obtain a job and employment commitment, but not contact with other unemployed young people. The association between distress and having someone to turn to for help with money was greater for those perceiving pressure from others to obtain a job than those not perceiving pressure. Also, the association between distress and having someone to turn to when feeling low was greater for those with a high employment commitment than for those with a low one. Other associations between support and distress were found to be affected by sex and ethnic differences in the sample. The results are discussed in the light of a stress-buffering model of social support; and the need to disaggregate social support into its component parts is emphasized.
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Mkrttchian, Vardan, Liliya Rozhkova, Olga Salnikova, and Svetlana Vlazneva. "Formation and Development of Educational Potential of Russian Unemployed Adolescents." International Journal of Virtual and Personal Learning Environments 11, no. 2 (July 2021): 48–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijvple.2021070104.
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The problem of educational potential and work potential is multifaceted. First, it is necessary to increase their rational use for sustainable development of the country. Secondly, the value components of educational potential and work potential of young people are unstable and contradictory. This fact leads to socio-cultural features and has an impact on the level of development of the social potential of modern youth. This work addresses the status roles of the unemployed, types of their employment behaviour, attitudes to education, training, retraining, self-development of unemployed youth as a specific social group. The features of value components of educational potential and work potential of the Russian unemployed youth in modern conditions are analyzed based on authors' research. The article analyzes the possibility of using various systems and technologies of training, including traditional, electronic, distance; it also reveals modern methods and techniques of training and offers a model of distance learning for young unemployed.
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HÖGBERG, BJÖRN. "Transitions from Unemployment to Education in Europe: The Role of Educational Policies." Journal of Social Policy 48, no. 4 (January 14, 2019): 699–720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279418000788.
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AbstractThe aim of this study is to investigate cross-country variability in transition rates from unemployment to further education among young adults, as well as how barriers in educational systems affect these transition rates. Previous research on adult further education has largely neglected the role of policies, and has not taken unemployed people into account.Two dimensions of educational policies are investigated. (1) Barriers facing prospective students with regard to previous academic achievements (e.g. second chance opportunities); and (2) financial barriers (e.g. high costs). It is hypothesized that low barriers are associated with higher transition rates into education, especially for unemployed young adults with lower levels of education.The aim is approached by investigating how differences in transition rates across countries are linked to the design of educational policies. Cross-country standardised individual-level panel data from 29 European countries are taken from EU-SILC. Multilevel multinomial models are fitted.Results show that lower barriers in the education system are associated with higher probabilities that unemployed young adults leave unemployment to re-enter further education, although only partial support is found for the hypothesis that unemployed young adults with lower levels of education gain relatively more from low barriers. Low barriers are sometimes associated with lower transition rates into employment.
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Nurmi, Jari‐Erik, Katariina Salmela‐Aro, and Hilkka Ruotsalainen. "Cognitive and attributional strategies among unemployed young adults: A case of the failure‐trap strategy." European Journal of Personality 8, no. 2 (June 1994): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410080205.
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This study concerns the extent to which people who display evident problem behaviour show signs of applying inefficient cognitive and attributional strategies in an achievement context. Twenty unemployed young adults, 14 people with health problems, and 23 students of a vocational school were compared in terms of the strategies they applied. The Strategy and Attribution Questionnaire (SAQ) and the Cartoon‐Attribution‐Strategy Test (CAST) developed for this study were used. The results showed that the unemployed young adults reported higher levels of failure expectations and task‐irrelevant behaviour, and lower levels of self‐esteem and self‐serving attributional bias, than the control group. This pattern of results does not fully fit in with the conceptualizations of self‐handicapping and learned helplessness. Therefore, a failure‐trap strategy is discussed as an alternative type of maladaptive strategy. Typical of this strategy is that people with low self‐esteem concentrate on task‐irrelevant behaviour, but do not refer to this behaviour as an external excuse for failure.
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Winefield, Anthony H., and Marika Tiggemann. "Affective Reactions to Employment and Unemployment as a Function of Prior Expectations and Motivation." Psychological Reports 75, no. 1 (August 1994): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1994.75.1.243.
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Self-esteem and depressive affect measures were obtained from 809 employed and 137 unemployed young people and compared with at-school measures taken three years earlier. Scores were analysed in relation to at-school expectations of obtaining employment and expressed importance of getting a job. In both employed and unemployed groups, low prior expectations of getting a job led to a greater increase in self-esteem than high prior expectations. Among the unemployed, those who had rated getting a job as relatively important showed a greater increase in depressive affect than those who had rated getting a job as relatively less important.
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Ҫoni(Kacollja), Darina. "Poverty, Conflict due to the Young, with Parents." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 3, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v3i1.p140-142.
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The youth, between conflicts school, in their families and in the society. From the implemented study, it was resulted that one of the main reasons for their conflicts within the families is the economic situation. Poverty and unemployment are reasons which increase stress, anxiety in humans so they are more prone to conflicts. According to the study,it results that 14.2 percent of the girls and 16.5 percent of the boys approve that they conflict with their parents because they cannot meet their economic demands. From the survey data, about 42 percent of the students’ mothers are unemployed or retired and 18 percent of them are workers or farmers with minimal incomes and 20 percent of the students’ fathers are unemployed or retired, 18.1 percent of them are workers or farmers. Even the young people experience this poverty within their families, but their reaction is sometimes even conflictual.
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Fraccaroli, Franco, Alexis Le Blanc, and Violette Hajjar. "Social self-description and affective well-being in young unemployed people a comparative study." European Work and Organizational Psychologist 4, no. 2 (April 1994): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13594329408410477.
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Pultz, Sabina. "Governing homo economicus: risk management among young unemployed people in the Danish welfare state." Health, Risk & Society 18, no. 3-4 (May 18, 2016): 168–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2016.1190003.
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Qayyum, Waqqas. "Causes of Youth Unemployment in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 46, no. 4II (December 1, 2007): 611–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v46i4iipp.611-621.
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Over the years, many less developed nations and the developing nations have tried to wipe-out the intensity of unemployment, which seems quite prevalent and widespread among these countries. The reasons and causes for this have remained subject to different interpretations depending upon the specifications, demographics, and regional profiles of different countries, thus the perceptions regarding having a plausible solution lacks concurrency. Not surprisingly among these unemployed a vast majority and victims belongs to young age group. According to ILO, there are 160 million unemployed people in the world and 40 percent of those out of work are young people (World youth report 2003). Pakistan is no exception to this, not only unemployment rates have been beyond reasonable limits but also a vast majority who fall prey to this belongs to youth category (Labour Force Survey 2003-04, 2005-06).
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Juznik-Rotar, Laura. "What are the treatment effects of a work-first participation programme on young unemployed people in the Netherlands?" Panoeconomicus 66, no. 2 (2019): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/pan160714028j.
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This paper evaluates the effects of the employment programme on young unemployed people in the Netherlands. The effectiveness of the programme is measured by probability of both re-employment and participation within the regular educational system. This evaluation is made in comparison to that of an individual who would continue seeking employment as an openly unemployed person. The effects of the programme are evaluated a year/two years following the start of the programme. We apply a propensity score matching method. The identification of an average treatment effect is based on the conditional independence assumption. The effects on re-employment probability and the probability of participation in the regular educational system are statistically negative, applicable to both long and short-term scenarios.
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Björklund, Ove, Maud Söderlund, Lisbet Nyström, and Elisabeth Häggström. "Unemployment and Health." American Journal of Men's Health 9, no. 1 (June 4, 2014): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988314536725.
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Studies have shown that the experiences and consequences of unemployment can affect people differently depending on, for example, age and gender. The purpose of the present study was to describe young Finnish men’s experiences of being unemployed as well as how their experiences of health emerged. Fifteen young unemployed Finnish men in the age range 18 to 27 years were interviewed face to face. Purposive sampling was used to increase the variation among informants. The interview texts were analyzed using both manifest and latent qualitative content analysis. The present results showed that the young men were strongly negatively affected by being unemployed. They described how they had slowly lost their foothold. They also described feelings of shame and guilt as well as a flight from reality. The present results show that even young men who have only experienced shorter periods of unemployment, in this study periods between 2 and 6 months, are negatively affected, for example, with regard to their identity and emotional life. Further research is needed to describe and elucidate in more detail the effects of unemployment on men of different ages and living in different contexts.
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Lazaridis, Gabriella, and Maria Koumandraki. "Youth Citizenship and Unemployment: The Case of Passive and Active Labour Market Policies towards the Young Unemployed in Greece." Sociological Research Online 5, no. 4 (February 2001): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5153/sro.558.
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This article concentrates on youth transitions into the labour market in one EU member state, Greece. The aim is to explore ways in which the Greek state has responded to the problem of youth unemployment, looking at policies (passive and active) introduced to address this. It reveals that state policies and social norms deeply embedded in the Greek culture, rather than encouraging acquisition of ‘full-citizenship’ and financial independence, restrict young people's chances for independence from the family. As is the case in other southern European countries, in Greece, the family and informal clientelistic networks of relatives and friends have acted as the primary source of economic and social support for young people. We argue that four co-centric circles circumscribe the type of citizenship available to a young person and have implications for young people's acquisition of full citizenship and financial independence: (a) the family, (b) friends and acquaintances, (c) changes in the labour market and (d) opportunities offered to the young unemployed through passive (benefits, social assistance) and active (vocational training) labour market policies available. With regard to young peoples’ ability tobecome financially independent, these either exercise a centrifugal force, encouraging dependency upon others (especially parents and close friends) for care, guidance and support, or a centripetal force, encouraging them to assume full rights and responsibilities of adulthood.
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CHERVONA, S. "Unemployment in Ukraine: an Analysis of the Dynamics, Gender, Age Structure and Causes of Unemployment." Scientific Bulletin of the National Academy of Statistics, Accounting and Audit, no. 3 (December 22, 2020): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/nasoa.3-2020.02.
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The article examines the dynamics of the number of registered unemployed and unemployed in the definition of the International Labor Organization (ILO), as well as the levels of these indicators. It is determined that compared to 2010, the largest increase in the number of registered unemployed could be observed in 2011. The most significant decrease in the studied indicator during the entire research period, both compared to 2010 and the previous year, was in 2017. In 2018–2019, the number of registered unemployed continued to decline. The increase in the registered unemployment rate compared to 2010 was in 2011, 2013–2016, and a significant increase in the level of the studied indicator was recorded in 2015. The decrease in the studied indicator was recorded in 2012 compared to 2011, as well as in the last four years of the research period.
The unemployment rates by the ILO methodology are most informative figures on the unemployment in Ukraine. The number of unemployed in 2010–2019 did not have a clear trend and depended on the socio-economic situation in Ukraine: compared to previous periods, the indicator decreased in 2011–2013, and in 2014 increased rapidly, due to the difficult socio-political situation in the country, which had adverse effects for the economic situation; in 2015, the average number of unemployed decreased both compared to the previous year and to 2010. However, in 2016–2017, the studied indicator began to grow gradually, but did not reach the level of 2010, and decreased in 2018 and 2019 both compared to the previous period and to 2010. Analysis of the intensity of the dynamics of the unemployment rate of the population aged 15–70 years by the ILO methodology showed that throughout the ten-year research period this indicator in Ukraine decreased in 2011–2013 and increased in 2014–2018 compared to 2010, and in 2019 it decreased to the level of 2010.
The sex-age structure of the unemployed is analyzed, its features are revealed and the generalized age characteristics of the unemployed are determined. In contrast to the registered unemployment, which indicates the predominance of women among the unemployed, a sample survey allows to suggest that Ukraine is characterized by “male” unemployment. Among the unemployed, the largest share was accounted by young people aged 15–34. The highest unemployment rate among young people aged 15 to 24 was due to the fact that without proper education and professional experience, young people were not able to compete on equal terms on the labor market. The average age of the unemployed in Ukraine in 2019 compared to 2010 increased by four years, including almost four years for men and five years for women. Because this indicator cannot be used as a generalization due to the heterogeneity of the population, as evidenced by the indicators of variation, mode and median, which are the structural averages, are the most suitable for the generalization of the characteristics of the unemployed by age.
The structure of the unemployed by cause of unemployment was studied, with assessing the structural change. It is established that during the studied period in Ukraine this structure was changed significantly, as evidenced by the root mean square coefficient of structural change.
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Afonina, Olena. "UNEMPLOYMENT IN CHERNIHIV REGION: REALITY AND PROGNOSIS." SCIENTIFIC ISSUES OF TERNOPIL VOLODYMYR HNATIUK NATIONAL PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY. SERIES: GEOGRAPHY 50, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 65–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2519-4577.21.1.8.
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The state of unemployment in Chernihiv region is analyzed in the article. The present day situation and the state of labor market make it necessary to detect the groups of population which are at the risk of unemployment. Both the representatives of economic science and the contemporary Ukrainian scientists-geographers have dedicated their works to the investigation of unemployment and the necessity of the state regulation of the matter. The conducted research revealed the most vulnerable groups in the structure of the unemployed and at the same time pointed out the need for searching and applying the new forms and instruments in the state policy to decrease the level of unemployment.
The research of the state of unemployment in the region in 2010-2020 proved the tendency to its decrease. According to the official statistics, the level of unemployment in Chernihiv region in 2019 was 10,2 %. The author of the article thinks that the negative tendency on the regional labor market is the decreasing of the number of the officially registered unemployed that can be most possibly explained, on the one hand, by the implementation of complex measures targeted at reducing pressure on the labor market in Chernihiv region and, on the other hand, by the skeptical attitude of people to the registration at the Employment Center as they don’t believe the state authorities to find a job for them.
The labor market in Chernihiv region is characterized by the gender gap – the specific weight of unemployed men is 4,9% higher than the specific weight of unemployed women. The level of unemployment among young people is higher in comparison with older age groups, which characterizes this group of population as the unstable one. However, the level of concentration in the distribution of unemployment among the young people tends to decrease in the last years. There is a stable tendency in the growth of unemployment among young people with higher education. The specific weight of unemployed citizens with higher education in Chernihiv region is 46,0%. The growing number of the unemployed with higher education indicates that in the present day social-economic conditions education doesn’t reduce the risk of unemployment.
The level of unemployment in Chernihiv region is influenced by the economic activities of the population. The main spheres of the economic activities with the highest unemployment level are agriculture, forestry, fish-farming, state management and defense, compulsory social insurance, retail and wholesale, repairing of transport means, processing.
The level of unemployment in rural area exceeds that one in the urban area. There is a disproportion of unemployment rate in different districts. In the half of the administrative districts the unemployment rate is 4-5%. The worst situation is in Nizhyn and Pryluky districts.
The short-term prognosis on the number of the unemployed citizens in Chernihiv region is introduced. The number of the registered unemployed in Chernihiv region is expected to increase on 3 thousand people which makes 28,2%. The prognosis on the unemployment rate in Chernihiv region ensures monitoring of the changes, estimating of the tendencies in the development of the situation on the regional labor market and making more appropriate and timely decisions on the site.
Key words: labor market, unemployment, unemployment rate, the number of unemployed population.
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Abdikeev, N. M., and I. G. Tyutyunnik. "Regulatory and Legal Support for Stimulation of Business Activities within the Framework of the Industrial Policy." Economics, taxes & law 11, no. 3 (November 6, 2018): 94–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/1999-849x-2018-11-3-94-106.
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The subject of the research is the employment problems of individual categories of Muscovites who are weakly protected in the labor market and actively seeking jobs. The purpose of the research was to reveal interrelationships within the age- sex structure of the unemployed registered with the Moscow employment service and their payroll claims. Four categories of the unemployed are considered: young people, graduates, parents raising underage children and people of pre-retirement and retirement age who are in unequal competitive conditions due to their socio-demographic characteristics. The methods used in the research included comparative statistical analysis, content analysis, sociological quantitative data collection, data processing using the SPSS application program. It is concluded that in the Moscow labor market the categories of the unemployed in question can clearly express their ideas about the minimum and adequate payroll levels and, depending on their belonging to a definite category, transform their labor compensation claims.
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Pultz, Sabina, and Sven Mørch. "Unemployed by choice: young creative people and the balancing of responsibilities through strategic self-management." Journal of Youth Studies 18, no. 10 (January 2, 2015): 1382–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13676261.2014.992318.
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Baporikar, Neeta. "Youth Entrepreneurship in Indian Scenario." International Journal of Asian Business and Information Management 5, no. 2 (April 2014): 74–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabim.2014040106.
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Governments and local communities across the world have recognized that key to building prosperity and stimulate regional growth is fostering entrepreneurship among their people especially youth. Youth entrepreneurship has become a topic of interest for research scholars and also a subject of major concern for the Government. While youth entrepreneurship is an under-explored field, the main factor for its growing attention is the increased number of unemployed young people. Furthermore entrepreneurship is seen as a channel for the talents of many highly educated young people to explore their potential and cash their business acumen. By 2015, World Bank estimates that there will be about 3 billion youths less than 25 years old and a big portion of that will be in India. Many young people cannot find employment. This has become particularly acute since the education explosion in early 2000's and onset of the financial crisis in 2008. These outcomes are both inefficient and inequitable. Evidence shows that the unemployed are unhappier, more likely to experience a range of health issues, and face difficulties in integrating back into the labour market place (Bell & Blanchflower, 2009). For young people, the effects of unemployment may be particularly scarring. Evidence suggests that a spell of youth unemployment increases the likelihood of poorer wages and unemployment in later life (Blanchflower & Oswald, 1998). Such outcomes also have pronounced social costs. It represents a loss of potential output and leads to increased costs to the taxpayer apart from causing social disruptions. One potential way of integrating young people into the global economy is to increase youth entrepreneurship1. The objective of this research paper is simple - to understand youth entrepreneurship and its role with focus on Indian scenario.
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Lungu, Violeta, and Igor Racu. "Dezvoltarea personalității la adultul emergent." Psihologia. Pedagogia specială. Asistența socială = Psychology, Special Pedagogy and Social Work 62, no. 1 (March 2021): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46728/jpspsw.2021.v62.i1.p77-85.
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Background. Young NEETs (young people who are not employed and do not attend any educational or training program) have become a real concern at EU level. Financial-professional assistance programs have been in place for almost a decade, but their number is constantly growing, and those over the appropriate NEET age group are joining the unemployed and social workers [13; 14, p. 27]. We proposed a behavioral optimization program by developing personality superfactors from the Big Five model, as they were conceptualized and described in the ABCD-M Questionnaire [12]. Method. The longitudinal study involved 24 young people, aged between 23 and 26, belonging to theNEET category. Results. Following the participation in the psychological intervention program for optimizing the behavior, the young people registered significant increases of the personality factors.