Relevant bibliographies by topics / Undesirable behaviours

Academic literature on the topic 'Undesirable behaviours'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 4 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Undesirable behaviours"

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Bais, Frank, Barry Schouten, and Vera Toepoel. "Investigating Response Patterns Across Surveys: Do Respondents Show Consistency in Undesirable Answer Behaviour over Multiple Surveys?" Bulletin of Sociological Methodology/Bulletin de Méthodologie Sociologique 147-148, no. 1-2 (August 2020): 150–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0759106320939891.

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The relation between answer behaviour and measurement error has been studied extensively. Answer behaviour may be considered undesirable, like answering ‘don’t know’ or ‘won’t tell’. It is not clear to what degree undesirable answer behaviour from the same respondents is present across different surveys. In this study, we investigated to what extent respondents show undesirable answer behaviours consistently over multiple surveys. First, we investigated to what extent the answer behaviours occurred in ten large general population surveys of CentERdata and Statistics Netherlands. Second, we explored the respondent variances and respondent-survey interaction variances to obtain an indication for respondent consistency for each answer behaviour. The results showed that respondents only occasionally give ‘don’t know’– and ‘won’t tell’-answers. An indication for respondent consistency was found for fast responding, slow responding, and ‘won’t tell’-answers in particular. We recommend follow-up research to investigate the relation between respondent characteristics and consistent answer behaviour.
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Borg, Mark G., and Joseph M. Falzon. "Primary School Teachers’ Perception of Pupils’ Undesirable Behaviours." Educational Studies 15, no. 3 (January 1989): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0305569890150304.

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Borg, Mark G. "Secondary school teachers' perception of pupils' undesirable behaviours." British Journal of Educational Psychology 68, no. 1 (March 1998): 67–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1998.tb01275.x.

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Casey, R. A. "Factors influencing stereotypical behaviour patterns in horses: a review of 52 clinical cases." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Science 2003 (2003): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1752756200011728.

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Behaviours such as weaving, box-walking and wind-sucking have traditionally been regarded as undesirable behaviours or ‘vices’ by horse owners, which has led to ‘treatment’ regimes that aimed to physically prevent the performance of the behaviour rather than understand the underlying causes for it. In recent years, however, a number of studies have shed light on the epidemiology of these behaviours (e.g. Luescher et al 1998), leading to the development of more welfare compatible treatment options. In this study, a clinical population of horses presented with stereotypical behaviours is examined for relationships between presenting signs and historical and observational findings.
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Hadjistavropoulos, Heather D., Kirsten M. Gullickson, Luke H. Schneider, Blake F. Dear, and Nickolai Titov. "Development of the Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy Undesirable Therapist Behaviours Scale (ICBT-UTBS)." Internet Interventions 18 (December 2019): 100255. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2019.100255.

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Kokkinos *, Constantinos M., Georgia Panayiotou, and Aggeliki M. Davazoglou. "Perceived seriousness of pupils' undesirable behaviours: the student teachers' perspective." Educational Psychology 24, no. 1 (February 2004): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144341032000146458.

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Woodcock, Kathryn, and Janet Tsao. "“Rider Responsibility” and Amusement Ride Accidents: An Observational and Consensus Study of Rider Behaviours." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 49, no. 19 (September 2005): 1800–1804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120504901910.

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“Rider responsibility” regulations will oblige riders to comply with rules and safety features and to abide by the range and limits of their abilities. This study observed rider errors and analysed inspectors' reports of undesirable rider and operator behaviours. In most errors, provisions for error prevention and error capturing were ineffective, although error tolerance prevented most injury. While inspectors used a discourse of violation to describe undesirable behaviour, the observed errors were goal oriented and made sense in the rider's task or possible mental model. “Rider responsibility” obligations may not eliminate the contextual aspects of the errors resulting in deviation from the existing safety rules.
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McClure, John, and Joanne Abbott. "How Normative Information Shapes Attributions for the Actions of Persons With Traumatic Brain Injury." Brain Impairment 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2009): 180–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/brim.10.2.180.

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AbstractMany citizens misunderstand the actions of persons with brain injury, and these misunderstandings hamper rehabilitation. A specific misunderstanding is where people misattribute behaviours resulting from brain injury to the injured person's personality or life stage (e.g., adolescence). The present study examined if this pattern is explained by the Abnormal Conditions Focus model of attribution, which claims that attributions for behaviours reflect whether the behaviours are normal for the person (Consistency) and the culture (Consensus). Scenarios described an adolescent with brain injury performing four undesirable behaviours and then indicated whether the behaviour was normal or not normal for the person prior to injury and normal or not normal for that person's culture. For each of the four behaviours, students (n = 136) rated three attributions: brain injury, personality and adolescent norms. Participants attributed the behaviours more to brain injury and less to personality when the behaviours were not normal for that person than when they were normal for the person. They attributed the behaviours more to adolescence when the behaviours were normal for the person's culture than when they were not normal for the culture. Rehabilitation implications include assessing individuals' premorbid behaviour to enable citizens and less experienced professionals to make more accurate attributions for behaviours and target treatment more effectively.
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Mehmet, TEYFUR. "Undesirable student behaviours encountered by prımary school teachers and solution proposals." Educational Research and Reviews 10, no. 17 (September 15, 2015): 2422–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5897/err2015.2133.

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Moore, E. A., D. M. Broom, and P. H. Simmins. "The effect of enrichment on the behaviour, welfare and performance of early-weaned piglets in slatted flatdeck housing." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1994 (March 1994): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600027380.

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Consideration of the welfare of the weaner pig requires knowledge of the needs of the animal and determining how these needs may be accommodated in commercial housing. Piglets raised in extensive conditions spend much of their day engaged in exploratory behaviours, including rooting, nosing, shaking and chewing objects. Research indicates that exploratory activity is important for the animal's well-being. Flatdeck accommodation with slatted flooring is coming under increasing critisism on welfare grounds in that it offers little outlet for such behaviours. As a consequence, piglets tend to redirect these behaviours towards penmates which is undesirable. Supplementing the pen with objects which enable normal exploratory behaviours may create an environment more suited to the needs of the piglet. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of environmental enrichment on the behaviour, welfare and performance of early-weaned piglets.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Undesirable behaviours"

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Lajoie-Mazenc, Thibaut. "Increasing the robustness of the Bitcoincrypto-system in presence of undesirable behaviours." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-197365.

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Decentralised cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin offer a new paradigm of electronic payment systems that do not rely on a trusted third-party. Instead, the peers forming the network handle the task traditionally left to the third-party, preventing attackers from spending twice the same resource, and do so in a publicly verifiable way through Bitcoin's main innovation, the blockchain. However, due to a lack of synchrony in the network, Bitcoin peers may transiently have conflicting views of the system: the blockchain is forked. This can happen purely by accident but attackers can also voluntarily create forks to mount other attacks on the system. In this work, we describe Bitcoin and its underlying blockchain protocol; we introduce a formal model to capture the normal operations of the system as well as forks and double-spending attacks. We use it to define Bitcoin's fundamental properties in terms of safety, liveness and validity. We present the current state of the system: first, we analyse some of the most prominent works that academia has produced between 2008 and 2016, as well as some promising leads to improve the system; then, we use the results of a measurement campaign to show that the size of the network is relatively stable because join and leave operations compensate each other, and that blocks propagate to most of the network in a matter of seconds. We further compare our results to those usually accepted by the community. We introduce a Bitcoin network simulator that we have implemented and present the experiment we have performed to validate it. Finally, we propose a modification to Bitcoin's operations that can prevent double-spending attacks and forks without giving up on its main ideological principles, decentralisation and the absence of source of trust.
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Davison, Matthew Alan. "Reducing Undesirable Behavior with Stimulus Control." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc115065/.

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The present experiment investigated the application of Green and Swets (1966) signal-detection theory to undesirable behavior as a method of reducing unwanted behaviors using reinforcement and extinction. This experiment investigated the use of this stimulus control technique to reduce undesirable behaviors using a multiple-baseline design. Once the cue for a target behavior was established and maintained, the use of the verbal cue was reduced in frequency and the rate of unprompted undesirable behavior was recorded. Generalization was tested across multiple people. Data for this experiment showed that undesirable behavior could be reduced by altering the stimulus control that maintained it.
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Dutton, Paul. "Does forage enrichment promote increased activity in captive capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella)?" Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/779.

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In their native habitat of Central and South America, capuchin monkeys (Cebus) spend 45% to 55% of their day foraging and a further 20% travelling. Once these monkeys are introduced into captive environments their diets are selective, seasonal and presented to them by their keepers. The captive environment often leads to various behavioural abnormalities and compensatory behaviours or stereotypies. To address this issue, environmental enrichment can be employed to reduce, cure or prevent such an occurrence. Enrichment can reduce stress, while increasing animal well-being and health in captivity. Despite previous work a better understanding of enrichment, for most neo-tropical primate species, is necessary, in order to improve their captive lifestyles. Feeding of captive primates is more complex than providing a balanced nutritional diet as it must also meet their ethological needs. The manipulation of the presentation of the diet has been shown to significantly decrease the incidence of resting, while significantly increasing the incidence of playing, grooming, foraging and manual manipulation of dietary items. Eleven capuchin monkeys were presented with four different feeding treatments (i.e. cut food presented in bowls, cut food presented around the enclosure, uncut food presented around the enclosure and novel feeding devices presented around the enclosure) from December 2007 until May 2008. At the start of every month one of three feeding treatments was introduced with the cut food in bowls feeding treatment interleaved between the treatments. The different feeding treatments required the monkeys to search for their food, break-up their food into manageable sizes, and obtain food in touch-, tool- and manipulative-dependent methods in order to allow the monkeys an opportunity to display increased activity more in line with their wild conspecifics. The capuchins displayed a period of intense foraging directly following feeding. This period significantly increased (from 44 to 121 min.), along with foraging events and the proportion of time spent foraging, which was more in line with their wild conspecifics. In addition, the frequency of occurrence and the proportion of time spent on locomotion and resting was shown to decrease. Also, abnormal behaviours ceased to occur during the study. Environmental enrichment is a useful tool for providing stimulation, redistributing activity levels more in line with wild conspecifics and to combat abnormal and compensatory behaviours.
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Martin, Allison L. "Functional analysis and treatment of human-directed undesirable behaviors in captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes)." Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26687.

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Thesis (M. S.)--Psychology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Maple, Terry L.; Committee Member: Bloomsmith, Mollie A.; Committee Member: Kelley, Michael E.; Committee Member: Marr, M. Jackson. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Cassella, Christine M. "Relationships Among Captive Orangutan Diets, Undesirable Behaviors, and Activity: Implications for Health and Welfare." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1333656271.

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Westover, Frances Marie. "Group intervention to modify undesirable behavior in children who have experienced parental loss." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1172.

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This study uses a cognitive group intervention approach in an attempt to alter anti-social behavior in elementary school children who experienced parental loss. The findings demonstrate improvement in some behaviors and worsening in others.
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Stenberg, Stina. "Antisocial behaviors and substance abuse among mentally illoffenders - an undesirable role in time of treatment?" Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-93346.

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Introduction Offenders who suffer from a severe mental illness are sentenced to forensic-psychiatric careinstead of imprisonment. A severe mental illness is a legal term determined by type anddegree of the psychiatric illness. Forensic-psychiatric care ends when signs of severe mentalillness is no longer present. Antisocial behaviors and mental illness due to substance abuse isnot regarded as severe by law but can arguably delay discharge from care. Aim To investigate whether time in treatment for offenders sentenced to compulsory forensicpsychiatriccare is prolonged by a propensity for substance abuse and antisocial behaviors. Methods Extended §7-evaluation dictums from 2017 have been reviewed. Data concerning substanceabuse and antisocial tendencies was assessed to assort offenders in two subgroups with lowestdegree contra highest degree of additional problematic behaviors. The two subgroups andtime in treatment collected through the Swedish National Forensic Psychiatric Register wascombined in a Kaplan-Meier estimator through SPSS. Results Median time in treatment for offenders with highest degree of additional problematic behavioras in substance abuse and or antisocial tendencies was 1048 days (range 1075). Since nodischarge has occurred, median time to discharge could not be estimated. Median time todischarge for offenders with lowest degree of additional problematic behavior was 760 days(range 532). Conclusions The study could not find time in treatment among severe mental ill offenders to be longer foroffenders with additional substance abuse and or antisocial characteristics of crime in relationto offenders without.
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Ivanauskaitė, Rita. "Arklių nenormalaus elgesio priežasčių analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140305_135417-74430.

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Arklių nenormalaus elgesio priežasčių analizė. Baigiamojo darbo apimtis 48 lapai, iš viso 24 lentelės ir 13 paveikslų, naudota 30 literatūros šaltinių. Baigiamojo darbo tikslas - išanalizuoti nepageidaujamą arklių elgesį sukeliančias priežastis. Tyrimo metu buvo ištirti 25 arkliai, kurie rodė nepageidaujamą elgesį. Visi atvejai buvo suskirstyti į tris grupes: oralinę stereotipinę elgseną rodantys, motorinę stereotipinę elgseną rodantys ir kitą nepageidautiną elgseną rodantys arkliai. Išsiaiškintos tirtų arklių laikymo sąlygos, įvertinta jų gyvenamoji aplinka, šėrimas, sveikatingumas, paimti ir ištirti kraujo ir išmatų mėginiai. Tyrimo metu nustatyta, kad nepageidaujamai elgsenai susiformuoti įtakos turi gyvenamosios aplinkos stimuliacija, netinkamas šėrimas, nepakankamas mocionas ir socialinis kontaktas bei parazitų invazija.
Analysis of the causes of abnormal behaviour in horses. Masters thesis volume 48 sheets, in content 24 tables, 13 pictures, used 30 literary sourse. The aim of thesis is to analyze causes of undesirable equine behaviour. In study was investigated 25 horses, who showed signs of undesirable behaviour. All cases was divided into three groups: oral stereotypic behaviour, locomotor stereotypic behaviour and other undesirable behaviur. The housekeeping conditions, feeding, healthy was investigated. Also kept samples of blood and feaces. The study showed that undesirable horse behaviour develops of living environment stimuli, unbalanced feeding, poor movement and social environment and also parasites invasion.
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Stone, Brett A. "Reduce Challenging Behaviors and Enhance Functioning in Youth with an Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis of Behavioral Interventions Using Single Case Design." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7368.

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Approximately 1.8% of students in the public school system have an intellectual disability or Autism Spectrum Disorder. These disabilities cause impairment in multiple domains of functioning. If these students also have challenging behaviors, such as noncompliance, aggression, and stereotypies, these behaviors have been found to cause impairment over and beyond those of the core symptoms associated with the disability. Challenging behaviors in youth with developmental disabilities do not typically subside on their own and need intervention. Thankfully, there are evidence-based behavioral interventions for individuals with developmental disabilities to reduce challenging behaviors and increase more functional behaviors including Applied Behavioral Analysis, Functional Behavioral Analysis, and School-Wide Positive Behavioral Support and Interventions (SWPBIS). There has been much research and positive effects found on the effectiveness of behavioral interventions for individuals with developmental disabilities, and there have been numerous meta-analyses conducted to synthesize these results. However, there have been only a few meta-analyses examining the effectiveness of school-based behavioral interventions for youth with developmental disabilities. A gap in the literature exists in understanding the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in schools from a SWPBIS perspective for youth with developmental disabilities. There also is a need to examine a wider range of dates and to examine the use of parametric statistical metrics. The current study addressed these issues by conducting a meta-analysis of single-case design studies over approximately the past 20 years to add to the current understanding of the effect of school-based behavioral interventions on behavioral outcomes of youth with developmental disabilities. Additionally, moderator analyses were conducted on numerous participant, intervention, and study characteristics that have been deemed important in the literature. The effect size of behavioral interventions on youths’ behavioral outcomes was determined through the use of a parametric statistical method, hierarchical linear modeling. The effect size was found to be large for a single case design synthesis of 3.31 and there were two moderating effects located, one being the type of classroom a participant was educated in and the other the type of specific outcome studied. The current study is important for decision makers in schools in terms of deciding on the specifics of behavioral interventions for youth with an intellectual disability. Additionally, the results of the study may be pertinent to other practitioners who work with youth is schools and their caregivers so that they can utilize school-based interventions to help increase the presentation of appropriate behaviors and reduction of challenging behaviors.
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Ahrend, Nadine [Verfasser], Waldemar [Akademischer Betreuer] Toporowski, Maik [Gutachter] Hammerschmidt, and Till [Gutachter] Dannewald. "Desirable and Undesirable Effects of Product Presentation Tools on Online and Offline Behavior / Nadine Ahrend ; Gutachter: Maik Hammerschmidt, Till Dannewald ; Betreuer: Waldemar Toporowski." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1179449290/34.

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Books on the topic "Undesirable behaviours"

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Morrisson, Jack A. A one hundred dog study comparing electronic methods with conventional methods in training and altering undesirable behavior in dogs. [Port Orchard? WA: J.A. Morrisson, 2002.

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Bachmann, Hugo, and Walter Ammann. Vibrations in Structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed003e.

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<p>«Vibrations in Structures» concentrates on vibrations in structures as excited by human motion or machine operation. Man-induced vibrations may arise from walking, running, skipping, dancing, etc. They occur mostly in pedestrian structures, office buildings, gym­nasia and sports halls, dancing and concert halls, stadia, etc. Existing publications treat by and large some isolated aspects of the problem; the present one attempts, for the first time, a systematic survey of man-induced vibrations. Machine-induced vibrations occur during the operation of all sorts of machinery and tools with rotating, oscillating or thrusting parts. The study concentrates rather on small and medium size machinery placed on floors of industrial buildings and creating a potential source of undesirable vibrations. The associ­ated questions have rarely been tackled to date; they entail probiems similar to those of man-induced vibrations.</p> <p>The book is consciously intended to serve the practising structural engineer and not primarily the dynamic specialist. It should be noted that its aim is not to provide directions on how to perform comprehensive dynamic computations. Instead, it attempts the following:</p> <ol> <li>to show where dynamic problems could occur and where a word of caution is good advice;</li> <li>to further the understanding of the phenomena encountered as well as of the underlying principles;</li> <li>to impart the basic knowledge for assessing the dynamic behaviour of the structures or structural elements;</li> <li>to describe suitable measures, both preventive to be applied in the design stage and remedial in the case of rehabilitation.</li> </ol>
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Lewis, Polsgrove, ed. Reducing undesirable behaviors. Reston, Va: Council for Exceptional Children, 1991.

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de Walque, Damien. The Use of Financial Incentives to Prevent Undesirable Behaviors. World Bank, Washington, DC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-8424.

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McTernan, Emily. Those Who Forget the Past. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758617.003.0016.

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Treating those who commit crimes or behave in ways deemed socially undesirable with medical interventions targeting the brain, or ‘neurointerventions’, comes with a history. That history is one full of appalling cases, including the chemical castration of men convicted of consensual same-sex relations, electric shocks to treat the ‘non-compliant’, and lobotomies. This chapter argues that this appalling history of using neurointerventions to respond to socially undesirable behaviour should affect our assessment of whether it is ethical to try again. In particular, proponents of such neurointerventions must defend their actions as different to those of the past in ethically salient ways, but it turns out to be very hard for them to do so.
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Aliverti, Ana. Strangers in our Midst. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814887.003.0009.

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This chapter explores the legal construction of culture and cultural difference in criminal litigation. Drawing on empirical material and reported judgments from English courts, the chapter documents the content of appeals to culture and identifies the pitfalls of their exploitation in criminal litigation. Cultural difference is not a neutral marker to separate social groups in the courtroom. Rather it is often deployed to explain behaviour in relation to specific groups, and is loaded with prejudices and stereotypical representations of racialized minorities. As a legal strategy in criminal litigation, it has worrying effects. These appeals to culture fix individuals into separate and essentialized categories, and prevent an assessment of individual conduct; they conceal structural social inequalities, racism, and discrimination, and the role of the law in perpetuating them; and extra-territorialize undesirable behaviour, norms, and values.
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Baldwin, Robert, Martin Cave, and Martin Lodge, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Regulation. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199560219.001.0001.

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The Oxford Handbook of Regulation provides a clear and authoritative discussion of the major trends and issues in regulation over the last thirty years, together with an outline of prospective developments. Regulation is often thought of as an activity that restricts behaviour and prevents the occurrence of certain undesirable activities, but the influence of regulation can also be enabling or facilitative, as in the circumstances when a market could potentially be chaotic if uncontrolled. Each article offers a broad overview of key current issues and provides an analysis of different perspectives on those issues. Experiences in different jurisdictions and insights from various disciplines are drawn upon, and particular attention is paid to the challenges that are encountered when specific approaches are applied in practice. The articles illustrate distinctive arguments relating to the central issues.
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Ferri, Caterina, Maria Turchese Caletti, and Federica Provini. NREM and other parasomnias. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0039.

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Parasomnias are a heterogeneous group of undesirable, but not always pathological, manifestations that accompany sleep. They consist in abnormal behaviors due to the inappropriate activation of cognitive processes or physiological systems such as the motor and/or autonomic nervous systems. In some cases, they can result in sleep disruption and injuries, with adverse health or psychosocial consequences for patients, bed-partners or both. According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, parasomnias are distinguished on the basis of the stage of sleep in which they appear: (1) parasomnias arising from NREM (non-rapid eye movement) sleep, which include arousal disorders (confusional arousal, sleep terror, sleepwalking) and sleep-related eating disorders; (2) parasomnias associated with REM (rapid eye movement) sleep; and (3) “other parasomnias” occurring in any sleep stage (eg, sleep enuresis, exploding head syndrome). This chapter describes the NREM parasomnias and the “other parasomnias,” underlining the more recent and significant advances that have provided a better understanding of their clinical features and pathophysiology.
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Andersson, Jenny. The Future as Social Technology. Prediction and the Rise of Futurology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814337.003.0005.

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Chapter 5 examines the experiments at RAND with a new future science, a “general theory of the future” capable of explaining human behavior and developments in the world system. The chapter also proposes that futurology was ultimately a failure, as forms of prediction encountered criticism and led to a discussion within RAND about the epistemological limits of prediction. As RAND researchers came to the conclusion that prediction was logically and empirically impossible, they shifted their interest from predicting actual future developments, to prediction as a “social technology”—a means of actively intervening into the future and shape desirable developments. The chapter zeroes in on the so called Delphi technology, the purpose of which was to conduct an expert driven reflection on a possible wide array of social futures, produce judgments on desirable and undesirable futures, and choose the optimal future.
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Ames, Genevieve, and Roland S. Moore. Substance Use in Specific Settings. Edited by Kenneth J. Sher. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381678.013.014.

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National surveys in the United States and elsewhere reveal a wide range in rates of heavy drinking across occupations, with the highest in construction and lowest in educational industries. Young adults in the military have higher heavy drinking rates than their civilian counterparts, with the highest among Army and Marine personnel. Civilian and military heavy and binge drinking and drinking on the job have been linked to specific kinds of work-related problems of high consequences to employer, employees, and the military. In 1998, the estimated employment-related costs of alcohol abuse in the United States were $135 billion; the projected costs 15 years hence are much higher. Guided by theoretical advances, links between specific environmental factors and undesirable drinking behavior have been identified and explained in the context of work culture. Results of these research endeavors have provided guidelines for research and intervention focused on prevention of alcohol-related problems in the civilian and military workplace.
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Book chapters on the topic "Undesirable behaviours"

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Donoghue, Jane. "ASBOs and the Targeting of ‘Undesirable’ Persons." In Anti-Social Behaviour Orders, 132–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230281240_7.

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Florescu, Laura, and Cristiana Dragomir. "The Behavior Consequences in Undesirable-Child Syndrome." In Acta Medicinæ Legalis Vol. XLIV 1994, 118–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79523-7_38.

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Tracy L., Cross. "Owning the Problem of Undesirable Behavior 19." In On the Social and Emotional Lives of Gifted Children, 115–21. 5th ed. New York: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003236900-21.

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Grieves, Michael, and John Vickers. "Digital Twin: Mitigating Unpredictable, Undesirable Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems." In Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems, 85–113. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38756-7_4.

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Pérez-Fernández, Raúl. "An Undesirable Behaviour of a Recent Extension of OWA Operators to the Setting of Multidimensional Data." In Information Processing and Management of Uncertainty in Knowledge-Based Systems, 588–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50143-3_46.

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Zhong, Ziyuan, Yuchi Tian, and Baishakhi Ray. "Understanding Local Robustness of Deep Neural Networks under Natural Variations." In Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering, 313–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71500-7_16.

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AbstractDeep Neural Networks (DNNs) are being deployed in a wide range of settings today, from safety-critical applications like autonomous driving to commercial applications involving image classifications. However, recent research has shown that DNNs can be brittle to even slight variations of the input data. Therefore, rigorous testing of DNNs has gained widespread attention.While DNN robustness under norm-bound perturbation got significant attention over the past few years, our knowledge is still limited when natural variants of the input images come. These natural variants, e.g., a rotated or a rainy version of the original input, are especially concerning as they can occur naturally in the field without any active adversary and may lead to undesirable consequences. Thus, it is important to identify the inputs whose small variations may lead to erroneous DNN behaviors. The very few studies that looked at DNN’s robustness under natural variants, however, focus on estimating the overall robustness of DNNs across all the test data rather than localizing such error-producing points. This work aims to bridge this gap.To this end, we study the local per-input robustness properties of the DNNs and leverage those properties to build a white-box (DeepRobust-W) and a black-box (DeepRobust-B) tool to automatically identify the non-robust points. Our evaluation of these methods on three DNN models spanning three widely used image classification datasets shows that they are effective in flagging points of poor robustness. In particular, DeepRobust-W and DeepRobust-B are able to achieve an F1 score of up to 91.4% and 99.1%, respectively. We further show that DeepRobust-W can be applied to a regression problem in a domain beyond image classification. Our evaluation on three self-driving car models demonstrates that DeepRobust-W is effective in identifying points of poor robustness with F1 score up to 78.9%.
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Dumitru, Cristina, and Dana-Elena Ciobanu. "Managing Challenging Behaviours in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder." In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 126–43. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8217-6.ch008.

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Managing challenging behaviours is crucially important in order for a child to start learning, and this chapter provides teachers with certain tips and recommendations that are meant to improve the quality of life of autistic children, which implies, in particular, increasing their level of independence, the ability to establish social relationships, the opportunity to study and work, access to outdoor and leisure activities. The main aims of this chapter would be addressing the development of new positive behaviour skills which will facilitate social interaction, communication, and learning readiness and the reduction of undesirable forms of behaviour (aggression, self-aggression, hysterics, fears, unusual interests, stereotype behaviours), which are the main factors that hinder socialization and learning. This chapter will present some instruments to collect data about managing behaviours, interpret the data, and address the challenging behaviour in an appropriate manner.
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Lanoszka, Alexander. "The Alliance Politics of Nuclear Proliferation." In Atomic Assurance, 1–9. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501729188.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the main themes and arguments of the book. It argues that alliances should make problematic instruments for thwarting nuclear proliferation despite the conventional wisdom that they have been partly responsible for keeping the number of states armed with nuclear weapons low. One reason is that they are ultimately unbelievable since states can still decide to forego spending blood and treasure to rescue an ally in dire need. Another reason is that strengthening alliance ties to discourage nuclear proliferation could lead to other undesirable behaviours that might increase the chance of war. In light of this puzzle, this introductory chapter sketches the book’s main argument that alliances can be most useful for preventing potential nuclear proliferation but much less useful for curbing actual nuclear proliferation.
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Schenck, Carlos H., and Mark W. Mahowald. "Parasomnias." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 943–50. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0120.

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Parasomnias are defined as undesirable physical and/or experiential phenomena accompanying sleep that involve skeletal muscle activity (movements, behaviours), autonomic nervous system changes, and/or emotional-perceptual events. Parasomnias can emerge during entry into sleep, within sleep, or during arousals from any stage of sleep; therefore, all of sleep carries a vulnerability for parasomnias. Parasomnias can be objectively diagnosed by means of polysomnography (i.e. the physiologic monitoring of sleep—figures 4.14.4.1, 4.14.4.2), and can be successfully treated in the majority of cases. Understanding of the parasomnias, based on polysomnographic documentation, has expanded greatly over the past two decades, as new disorders have been identified, and as known disorders have been recognized to occur more frequently, across a broader age group, and with more serious consequences than previously understood. Parasomnias demonstrate how our instinctual behaviours, such as locomotion, feeding, sex, and aggression, can be released during sleep, itself a basic instinct. There are at least eight reasons why parasomnias should be of interest and importance to psychiatrists: 1 Parasomnias can be misdiagnosed and inappropriately treated as a psychiatric disorder. 2 Parasomnias can be a direct manifestation of a psychiatric disorder, e.g. dissociative disorder, nocturnal bulimia nervosa. 3 The emergence and/or recurrence of a parasomnia can be triggered by stress. 4 Psychotropic medications can induce the initial emergence of a parasomnia, or aggravate a preexisting parasomnia. 5 Parasomnias can cause psychological distress or can induce or reactivate a psychiatric disorder in the patient or bed partner on account of repeated loss of self-control during sleep and sleep-related injuries. 6 Familiarity with the parasomnias will allow psychiatrists to be more fully aware of the various medical and neuro-logical disorders, and their therapies, that can be associated with disturbed (sleep-related) behaviour and disturbed dreaming. 7 Parasomnias present a special opportunity for interlinking animal basic science research (including parasomnia animal models) with human (sleep) behavioural disorders. 8 Parasomnias carry forensic implications, as exemplified by the newly-recognized entity of ‘Parasomnia Pseudo-suicide.’ Also, psychiatrists are often asked to render an expert opinion in medicolegal cases pertaining to sleep-related violence.
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"Undesirable Life Events." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development, 1515. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_5319.

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Conference papers on the topic "Undesirable behaviours"

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"UNDESIRABLE AND FRAUDULENT BEHAVIOUR IN ONLINE AUCTIONS." In International Conference on Security and Cryptography. SciTePress - Science and and Technology Publications, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0002100704500458.

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Torres, Ruben D., Mohammad Y. Hajjat, Sanjay G. Rao, Marco Mellia, and Maurizio M. Munafo. "Inferring undesirable behavior from P2P traffic analysis." In the eleventh international joint conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1555349.1555353.

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Zhang, Yuan, Min Yang, Bingquan Xu, Zhemin Yang, Guofei Gu, Peng Ning, X. Sean Wang, and Binyu Zang. "Vetting undesirable behaviors in android apps with permission use analysis." In the 2013 ACM SIGSAC conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2508859.2516689.

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Johnson, Richard W., Hugh M. McIlroy, Ryan C. Johnson, and Daniel P. Christensen. "Undesirable Flow Behavior in a Proposed Validation Data Set." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29474.

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The next generation nuclear plant (NGNP), whose development is supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, will be a very high temperature reactor (VHTR). The VHTR is a single-phase helium-cooled reactor that will provide helium at up to 800 °C. The prospect of a coolant at these temperatures circulating in the reactor vessel demands that careful analysis be performed to ensure that excessively hot spots are not created and that sufficient mixing of the coolant is obtained. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) coupled with heat transfer will be used to perform the desired analyses. However, primarily because of the imperfect nature of modeling turbulent flow, any CFD calculations used to perform nuclear reactor safety analysis must be validated against experimental data. Experimental data have been taken in a scaled section of the lower plenum of a prismatic VHTR at the matched index of refraction (MIR) facility at the Idaho National Laboratory. These data were taken with the intent that they be examined for use as validation data. A series of investigations have been conducted to assess the MIR data. Issues that have already been examined include the extent of the required computational domain, the outlet boundary condition, the inlet data and the effect of the turbulence model. One of the jets that flow into the model impacts on a wedge, which represents a portion of a hexagonal graphite block that is part of the inner wall of the lower plenum. The nature of the flow below this particular jet is such that a randomly varying recirculation zone is created. This recirculation zone is seen to change in size, causing a relatively long-time scale of motion or disturbance on the flow downstream. It is concluded that such a feature is undesirable in a validation data set, firstly because of its apparent random nature and, secondly, because to obtain an appropriate longtime average would be impractical because of the compute time required. It is found that by eliminating the first of the four inlet jets into the scaled model, the resulting recirculation zone is rendered stable.
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Edenhofer, Sarah, Christopher Stifter, Uwe Janen, Jan Kantert, Sven Tomforde, Jorg Hahner, and Christian Muller-Schloer. "An Accusation-Based Strategy to Handle Undesirable Behaviour in Multi-agent Systems." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Autonomic Computing (ICAC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icac.2015.69.

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Kulkarni, Sarvesh S., Daniel Jigarjian, Vijay Gehlot, and Ivan Ong. "Mitigation of undesirable association behaviors of mobile devices with public WiFi networks." In 2018 15th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccnc.2018.8319201.

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Edenhofer, Sarah, Christopher Stifter, Sven Tomforde, Jan Kantert, Christian Müller-Schloer, and Jörg Hähner. "Comparison of Surveillance Strategies to Identify Undesirable Behaviour in Multi-Agent Systems." In 8th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence. SCITEPRESS - Science and and Technology Publications, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0005679201320140.

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Antonelo, E. A., A. J. Baerveldt, T. Rognvaldsson, and M. Figueiredo. "Modular Neural Network and Classical Reinforcement Learning for Autonomous Robot Navigation: Inhibiting Undesirable Behaviors." In The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.246723.

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Stange, Sonja, and Stefan Kopp. "Effects of Referring to Robot vs. User Needs in Self-Explanations of Undesirable Robot Behavior." In HRI '21: ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3434074.3447174.

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Wang, Zhaorong, Meng Wang, Jingqi Zhang, Yingfeng Chen, and Chongjie Zhang. "Reward-Constrained Behavior Cloning." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/436.

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Deep reinforcement learning (RL) has demonstrated success in challenging decision-making/control tasks. However, RL methods, which solve tasks through maximizing the expected reward, may generate undesirable behaviors due to inferior local convergence or incompetent reward design. These undesirable behaviors of agents may not reduce the total reward but destroy the user experience of the application. For example, in the autonomous driving task, the policy actuated by speed reward behaves much more sudden brakes while human drivers generally don’t do that. To overcome this problem, we present a novel method named Reward-Constrained Behavior Cloning (RCBC) which synthesizes imitation learning and constrained reinforcement learning. RCBC leverages human demonstrations to induce desirable or human-like behaviors and employs lower-bound reward constraints for policy optimization to maximize the expected reward. Empirical results on popular benchmark environments show that RCBC learns significantly more human-desired policies with performance guarantees which meet the lower-bound reward constraints while performing better than or as well as baseline methods in terms of reward maximization.
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