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1

Fletcher, Kami. "Black Women Undertakers of the Early Twentieth Century Were Hidden in Plain Sight." Meridians 22, no. 2 (October 1, 2023): 478–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15366936-10637582.

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Abstract This essay foregrounds Black women in the very narrative of undertaking that they helped create and develop. It was the wives who helped start the country’s oldest undertaking firms, and it was the wives, sisters, and daughters who sustained and professionalized the funeral home legacy. The article follows women from the American South and mid-Atlantic regions, illustrating how, with their skills and capital, they labored not just as funeral directresses, embalmers, and undertakers but also as bookkeepers, hairdressers, accountants, caterers. These women were “race women,” college-educated Black women who were trained to uplift the race. And as race women in the death trade, they brought their skills and education to a field that created generational wealth and civic empowerment.
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2

van Langevelde, F., F. Kiggen, C. van Dooremalen, and B. Cornelissen. "Corpse removal increases when honey bee colonies experience high Varroa destructor infestation." Insectes Sociaux 67, no. 4 (November 2020): 507–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00040-020-00789-y.

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AbstractHigh parasite load may increase honey bee mortality, which enhances stimuli for undertaker recruitment in colonies due to the presence of more corpses. However, it is unknown whether colonies exposed to the parasitic mite Varroa destructor (V+ colonies) remove corpses faster compared to colonies with reduced parasite levels (V− colonies). To test this hypothesis, different amounts of dead bees (25 or 100) were added to V+ and V− colonies to increase undertaker’s workload and to monitor the colonies’ undertaking performance (number of corpses removed after fixed time intervals and time until task completion). Until 40 min after adding corpses, V+ colonies had removed more corpses compared to V− colonies, especially when 100 corpses were added. At 100 min after adding the corpses and onwards, the difference between the V+ and V− colonies disappeared. V+ colonies used less time until task completion, especially when challenged to remove 25 corpses. The first efficient undertaking response in V+ colonies may have been caused by more or more experienced undertakers on standby compared to V− colonies, resulting in less total time needed to complete their undertaking task at increased workload. Our study suggests that changes in the division of labour in V+ colonies were not impaired, but we cannot exclude long-term effects for the colony as time spent on undertaking cannot be spent on other tasks. Our study contributes to understanding of social resilience in colonies under high stress and exposed to immediate emergencies.
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3

ZHANG, Mei. "The Research on the Role Status of China’s Software Service Outsourcing Based on the Partnership of Service Outsourcing Networks." Do Business and Trade Facilitation Journal 2, no. 1 (March 31, 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.6914/dbtf.020101.

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China has been greatly engaging in global outsourcing services. Despite the increase in global outsourcing services industry, yet the service trade is in deficit and the export trades in service mainly concentrate on the travel, transportation and other business service, both of which indi-cate the comparatively low competitiveness of Chinese service in the world. The nature of partnerships involved between China’s service business undertakers and their overseas clients have not received adequate attention in the scholarly literature. The study analyzed three possible types of outsourcing networks partnership which include tactical, strategic and transformational partnership. Based on software development “waterfall model”, the network role status in undertaking outsourcing service of China are explained and the analysis results show that the tactical partnership plays a key role on the value chain of China’s software outsourcing in the global networks. It is concluded that China’s low value chain in software outsourcing networks is determined by the tactical partnership. Some suggestions on how to improve China’s software outsourcing industry include culti-vating the leading enterprises, building up an intermediary organization, enlarging the clustering effect in industrial park and taking advantage of the Belt and Road Initiative market and Japanese market.
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4

Pangarkar, Nitin, and Saul Klein. "Bandwagon Pressures and Interfirm Alliances in the Global Pharmaceutical Industry." Journal of International Marketing 6, no. 2 (June 1998): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1069031x9800600208.

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This study examines the applicability of a bandwagon explanation for interfirm alliances in the global pharmaceutical industry. A sample of alliances undertaken by 43 firms, with headquarters in the United States, Europe, and Japan, in the period 1975 to 1989, was analyzed. Bandwagon pressures, measured by the proportion of other firms in one's peer group undertaking alliances and their average number of alliances, was found to influence both the probability that a firm will undertake at least one alliance and the number of alliances it undertakes.
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5

Nazarko, Linda. "Hydroxyzine: safety review undertaken." Nursing and Residential Care 17, no. 8 (August 2, 2015): 427. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/nrec.2015.17.8.427.

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6

Nycz-Wróbel, Jadwiga. "Activities undertaken by Polish manufacturing companies to reduce air emissions." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 3 (September 16, 2021): 309–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(3).2021.25.

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The emphasis on the need to balance the relations between the economy and the natural environment has been growing in recent years. For individual enterprises, it means considering the environmental protection issues in their activities and switching to environmentally-friendly business practices. The purpose of this paper is to present the activities undertaken and performed by Polish manufacturing companies participating in the European Union Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS) to reduce emissions of contaminants to air and an attempt to determine solutions that could serve as good environmental practices in this aspect. The grounds for the assumed research method were the analysis of secondary sources in the form of environmental statements. Environmental statements were downloaded from the EMAS website. The selection of the sample was targeted, the study was complete and included 13 manufacturing companies from Poland participating in EMAS, according to the register as of February 18, 2021. The findings indicate that Polish enterprises most frequently performed activities that involved using or improvement of technologies to reduce air emissions and implementation of monitoring and emissions measurement systems. The implemented or improved technologies mostly focused on limiting hard coal usage and replacing it with other energy sources, e.g., liquid gas, earth gas, or renewable energy sources. Analyzed enterprises also performed activities with the purpose of process containment, improvement of offered products, or reducing transport-related emissions.
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7

Wilson, A. Murray. "Procedures undertaken by medical students." Anaesthesia 48, no. 4 (April 1993): 344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1993.tb06962.x.

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8

Morris, P. A. "Taxidermy undertaken by Sheals of Belfast." Archives of Natural History 46, no. 2 (October 2019): 332–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2019.0594.

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The Sheals taxidermy business in Belfast became famous for the quality of their work. Three of their order books survive, recording jobs done for named customers from January 1897 to December 1911, and January 1919 to January 1920 inclusive. Such records are extremely scarce as few taxidermists appear to have kept any regular paperwork until recent times, and little information has survived about such businesses from the heyday of commercial taxidermy. This paper reviews the types of taxidermy undertaken, species handled and the customer base for what became one of the leading taxidermists in Ireland, with an international reputation.
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9

Raible, Christopher. "“A journey undertaken under peculiar circumstances”." Ontario History 108, no. 2 (July 23, 2018): 131–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050592ar.

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When his 1837 Upper Canada Rebellion came to a sudden end with the routing of rebels at Montgomery’s Tavern on 7 December, William Lyon Mackenzie was forced to run for his life. With a price on his head, travelling mostly by night—west toward the Niagara Escarpment, south around the end of Lake Ontario and then east across the Niagara peninsula—the rebel leader made his way from a village north of Toronto to safety across the Niagara River in the United States. His journey of more than 150 miles took five days ( four nights) on foot, on horseback, and on wagon or sleigh, was aided by more than thirty different individuals and families. At great personal risk, they fed him, nursed him, hid him, advised him, accompanied him. This article maps Mackenzie’s exact route, identifies those who helped him, and reflects on the natural hazards and human perils he encountered.
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10

Hyoyeop Park. "How can Yoga Ecology be undertaken?" Studies in Religion(The Journal of the Korean Association for the History of Religions) 75, no. 4 (December 2015): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21457/kars.75.4.201512.55.

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11

Hendry, Rob. "Ensuring remote consultations are undertaken safely." Practice Management 30, no. 4 (April 2, 2020): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prma.2020.30.4.32.

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12

Watanabe, Akira. "Research undertaken at the Watanabe Laboratory." Impact 2018, no. 10 (December 21, 2018): 80–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2018.10.80.

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13

HORITA, Yumiko, and Yoshimitsu SHIOZAKI. "FOYER PROJECTS UNDERTAKEN BY HOUSING ASSOCIATIONS." Journal of Architecture and Planning (Transactions of AIJ) 65, no. 532 (2000): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aija.65.185_3.

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14

Arai, Takeshi, Shigemichi Watanabe, Yu Miyazaki, Noriaki Kikuchi, and Yuko Inoue. "Services Undertaken by NTT Anode Energy." NTT Technical Review 18, no. 7 (July 2020): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr202007fa2.

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15

Syme, Rodney R. A. "Death Is a journey to be undertaken." Medical Journal of Australia 169, no. 3 (August 1998): 175–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb116027.x.

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16

Orr, Kevin B. "Death is a journey to be undertaken." Medical Journal of Australia 169, no. 8 (October 1998): 448. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb126849.x.

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17

Barbato, Michael P. "Death is a journey to be undertaken." Medical Journal of Australia 168, no. 6 (March 1998): 296–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1998.tb140165.x.

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18

Faot, Agustinus, Jonathan Octavianus, and Connie Laurina. "Principles of Salvation undertaken according to Bible." Journal Kerugma 4, no. 2 (October 28, 2021): 20–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33856/kerugma.v4i2.222.

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Various polemics about the concept of salvation confuse God's people. The polemic intended is the difference in understanding of what salvation that can be or cannot be achieved. The problems are not only issues in the world of theology but are also developing in churches in Indonesia. So the concept of salvation developed no longer lies in the Bible but lies in the dogmatics of each church. It must be realized that the Christian faith stands on the basis of the Bible, so the Bible must answer every doctrinal problem. Therefore in this article will provide answers to the polemics of the concept of salvation according to the Bible. This research uses exegesis methodology. The main purpose of this writing is to convince God's people to understand the Bible comprehensively and to understand every concept of Salvation subjectively.
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19

Rak, Mateusz. "Corporate Social Resposibility activities undertaken by enterprises." Annals of Marketing Management and Economics 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 109–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/amme.2017.3.1.10.

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The paper shows areas of CSR included in corporate strategy, including particularly philanthropy, which may be pursued by an external organisation. It also presents areas of corporate social responsibility, providing a background for the results of the analysis of secondary data concerning the importance of CSR for enterprise. The procedure for creating a CSR strategy is explained and the possibilities of pursuing philanthropic tasks by an external organisation are shown. Using own research (the analysis of websites of 125 corporate foundations in Poland in 2015 and the results of the survey of 46 managers from corporate foundations), author present ways of delegating philanthropic tasks to corporate foundations and how the tasks are accomplished. This article is intended for researchers studying CSR and also for company managers who think about philanthropy.
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20

Stafford‐Bell, Martyn A., Sam G. Everingham, and Karin Hammarberg. "Outcomes of surrogacy undertaken by Australians overseas." Medical Journal of Australia 201, no. 6 (September 2014): 330–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja14.01086.

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21

Simmons, CL. "How frequently should endotracheal suctioning be undertaken?" American Journal of Critical Care 6, no. 1 (January 1, 1997): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1997.6.1.4.

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22

Agnew, Reed. "Two projects undertaken by Agnew Moyer Smith." Information Design Journal 6, no. 3 (January 1, 1991): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.6.3.15agn.

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23

McLeod, Doug. "Disaster Preparedness Activities Undertaken by BC Hydro." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 15, S2 (September 2000): S38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00031113.

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24

Bang, Yun-Sic, Seon-Yi Lee, Daeun Ko, Junbeom Park, Sowoon Ahn, and Chunghyun Park. "Brugada Syndrome Patient Undertaken Brachial Plexus Block." Ewha Medical Journal 40, no. 4 (2017): 164. http://dx.doi.org/10.12771/emj.2017.40.4.164.

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25

Skeist Incorporated. "New study on polyimides to be undertaken." International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives 9, no. 2 (April 1989): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-7496(89)90002-x.

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26

Scholes, Colin A. "Chemical engineering design project undertaken through remote learning." Education for Chemical Engineers 36 (July 2021): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ece.2021.03.003.

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27

Shah, Jyoti, and Emma Baston. "Standard of prostate biopsies undertaken by nurse practitioners." Cancer Nursing Practice 12, no. 2 (March 2013): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/cnp2013.03.12.2.32.e933.

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28

Hutton, EK. "External cepahlic version should be undertaken by midwives." BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 123, no. 3 (December 10, 2015): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.13821.

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29

Morris, Kenneth. "Two projects undertaken by Siegel & Gale Inc." Information Design Journal 6, no. 3 (January 1, 1991): 251–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idj.6.3.17mor.

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30

Wiers‐Jenssen, Jannecke, and Sverre Try. "Labour market outcomes of higher education undertaken abroad." Studies in Higher Education 30, no. 6 (December 2005): 681–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03075070500340028.

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31

Rao, Purba. "Environmental Initiatives Undertaken by Entrepreneurs in the Philippines." Journal of Entrepreneurship 17, no. 1 (May 2008): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097135570701700106.

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32

Gouttebarge, V., and J. K. Sluiter. "Medical examinations undertaken by Dutch professional football clubs." Occupational Medicine 64, no. 1 (November 21, 2013): 13–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/kqt129.

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33

Liew, Felicity, Fatma Gargoum, Robert Potter, Stuart D. Rosen, Simon Ward, Matthew Hind, and Michael I. Polkey. "Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome: beware of investigations undertaken supine." Thorax 74, no. 9 (May 30, 2019): 917–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thoraxjnl-2019-213258.

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Platypnoea–orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a rare disorder, manifesting as deoxygenation occurring when the patient is in the upright position. Four broad mechanisms for the condition have been described: intracardiac shunts, intrapulmonary shunts, hepatopulmonary syndrome and pulmonary ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Here, we present the first case of POS in a patient with a proven right to left intracardiac shunt occurring in the context of postural hypotension and normal right heart pressures. We highlight the need to carry out investigations in the upright position before discounting intracardiac shunting as a cause for the syndrome. Short-term improvement of the syndrome was obtained with medical management of the patient’s orthostatic hypotension and as such suggests a conservative management strategy for similar patients, which may delay the need for invasive procedures to close the anatomical defect.
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34

O'Connor, John, and Verity Armstrong. "Master’s and PhD Research Undertaken by Māori Psychotherapy University Graduates." Ata: Journal of Psychotherapy Aotearoa New Zealand 23, no. 2 (February 27, 2020): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9791/ajpanz.2019.11.

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Over the past two decades, a range of Māori psychotherapy graduates (many of whom are members of Waka Oranga) have undertaken Master’s degree dissertation research and PhD thesis research. It is with pleasure that we outline below the titles, authors, and abstracts of many of these research undertakings. They reflect the diversity and depth with which Māori graduates have grappled with psychotherapy as indigenous practitioners and researchers.
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35

Varghese, George, and Leena Mary Eapen. "Power Sector in India - Recent Challenges and Measures Undertaken." Asian Journal of Research in Business Economics and Management 6, no. 1 (2016): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2249-7307.2016.00003.7.

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36

Maillard, Louis, and Georgia Ramantani. "Epilepsy surgery for polymicrogyria: a challenge to be undertaken." Epileptic Disorders 20, no. 5 (October 2018): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/epd.2018.1004.

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37

Waters, Adele. "Survey reveals extent of duties undertaken by support workers." Nursing Standard 26, no. 19 (January 11, 2012): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2012.01.26.19.5.p7265.

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38

Ada, Louise, Catherine M. Dean, and Fiona H. Mackey. "Increasing the amount of physical activity undertaken after stroke." Physical Therapy Reviews 11, no. 2 (June 2006): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/108331906x98994.

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39

Brander, Robert W., Nicola Warton, Richard C. Franklin, Wendy S. Shaw, Eveline J. T. Rijksen, and Shane Daw. "Characteristics of aquatic rescues undertaken by bystanders in Australia." PLOS ONE 14, no. 2 (February 14, 2019): e0212349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212349.

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40

O'Higgins, Fran, Michael Ward, and Jerry Nolan. "Advanced life support skills undertaken by nurses — UK survey." Resuscitation 50, no. 1 (July 2001): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9572(01)00334-3.

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41

Gromov, Kirill, Pelle B. Petersen, Christoffer C. Jørgensen, Anders Troelsen, and Henrik Kehlet. "Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty undertaken using a fast-track protocol." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 1167–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b9.bjj-2020-0247.r1.

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Aims The aim of this prospective multicentre study was to describe trends in length of stay and early complications and readmissions following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) performed at eight different centres in Denmark using a fast-track protocol and to compare the length of stay between centres with high and low utilization of UKA. Methods We included data from eight dedicated fast-track centres, all reporting UKAs to the same database, between 2010 and 2018. Complete ( > 99%) data on length of stay, 90-day readmission, and mortality were obtained during the study period. Specific reasons for a length of stay of > two days, length of stay > four days, and 30- and 90-day readmission were recorded. The use of UKA in the different centres was dichotomized into ≥ 20% versus < 20% of arthroplasties which were undertaken being UKAs, and ≥ 52 UKAs versus < 52 UKAs being undertaken annually. Results A total of 3,927 procedures were included. Length of stay (mean 1.1 days (SD 1.1), median 1 (IQR 0 to 1)) was unchanged during the study period. The proportion of procedures with a length of stay > two days was also largely unchanged during this time. The percentage of patients discharged on the day of surgery varied greatly between centres (0% to 50% (0 to 481)), with centres with high UKA utilization (both usage and volume) having a larger proportion of same-day discharges. The 30- and 90-day readmissions were 166 (4.2%) and 272 (6.9%), respectively; the 90-day mortality was 0.08% (n = 3). Conclusion Our findings suggest general underutilization of the potential for quicker recovery following UKA in a fast-track setup. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(9):1167–1175.
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42

LEPKOWSKI, WIL. "Study of Science Advice Process Undertaken by Carnegie Corp." Chemical & Engineering News 67, no. 15 (April 10, 1989): 17–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v067n015.p017.

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43

Greenberg, Benjamin M. "Placebo studies should not be undertaken in NMO – No." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 21, no. 6 (April 28, 2015): 691–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458515579217.

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Palace, Jacqueline. "Placebo studies should not be undertaken in NMO – Yes." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 21, no. 6 (April 28, 2015): 689–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458515579446.

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45

Bald, Caroline. "Domestic abuse: The work undertaken by Community Rehabilitation Companies." Probation Journal 66, no. 1 (January 22, 2019): 138–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0264550518825053.

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46

Banerjee, Parthasarathi. "Technology of culture: the roadmap of a journey undertaken." AI & SOCIETY 21, no. 4 (March 9, 2007): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00146-007-0098-1.

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Thompson, Simon G., and Julian P. T. Higgins. "How should meta-regression analyses be undertaken and interpreted?" Statistics in Medicine 21, no. 11 (2002): 1559–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sim.1187.

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48

Piechowicz, Agnieszka. "Images of family homes of the surveyed volunteers and their role in undertaking voluntary activity – a case study." Problemy Opiekuńczo-Wychowawcze 595, no. 10 (December 31, 2020): 54–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5973.

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Taking into account the significant role of family home in the process of shaping human pro-social attitudes, the investigations undertaken were aimed at determining which of the specific features and components of family home have a significant impact on undertaking and conducting socially useful activities by volunteers. The subject of the empirical research of the study were the family homes of the surveyed volunteers, which may be a factor conditioning the undertaking of local initiatives. The aim of the research was to: diagnose which of the elements characterizing the family home of the surveyed volunteers constituted the source of undertaking and conducting their voluntary activity; learning about the nature of interpersonal bonds in the home of the surveyed social workers and determining the role of the family home in the care, upbringing and education of the surveyed volunteers, which determines the undertaking and conducting of local initiatives by them in the studied area. The research used the method of individual cases, and the research material was obtained using the interview technique. The analysis of the research results showed that both the positive components of the family home (pro-social patterns presented by parents, good material base, mutual understanding of family members) and its negative elements (emotional coldness, fear of criticism, materialism) direct the pro-social activities undertaken by the surveyed volunteers. As a result of the research, several models of the family home that are conducive to undertaking voluntary activities have been developed. An important conclusion from the analyzes carried out is the confirmation of the fact that, despite its diversity, each of the family homes of the surveyed volunteers to some extent conditioned the decisions of the social worker to undertake voluntary activities.
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49

Derlukiewicz, Niki, Anna Mempel-Śnieżyk, Tomasz Pilewicz, and Małgorzata Godlewska. "Bottom-Up Initiatives Undertaken by Local Governments to Support Entrepreneurship." Energies 14, no. 19 (October 3, 2021): 6328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14196328.

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The present paper deals with issues related to activities undertaken by local government. The article focuses on the identification and assessment of the significance of local government’s different bottom-up initiatives that support development of local entrepreneurship. The article also indirectly discusses the importance of activities referring to energy efficiency. Through the digitization process and by using digital tools, LGs realize projects, improve local actors’ awareness, and finally achieve new challenges such as a higher proportion of gross final energy consumption being from renewable sources. The aim of the paper is to present the relationship between the LGs’ entrepreneurial activities, which we call bottom-up initiatives, and the local entrepreneurship level, understood as the number of entrepreneurs active on the territory of a LG. This paper presents the results of research carried out on the bottom-up initiatives undertaken by Polish local governments to support entrepreneurship. The research was based on survey and statistical tools and stepwise regression analysis. In the paper, bottom-up initiatives undertaken by local governments (such as organizing events at the national or regional scale that enable networking among entrepreneurs or establishing departments for supporting local entrepreneurship that offer cooperation with local entrepreneurs) were found to influence the number of entrepreneurs active in local government territories. The paper concludes that local governments and their bottom-up activities are an important factor influencing local entrepreneurship development. The presented research results have implications for policy makers and may be useful for local governments in Poland and in other countries in the context of supporting entrepreneurship by undertaking bottom-up initiatives at the local level.
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50

Penner, J. E. "Voluntary Obligations and the Scope of the Law of Contract." Legal Theory 2, no. 4 (December 1996): 325–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1352325200000562.

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By building upon Raz's analysis of the spectrum of voluntary obligations, the author produces a typology of agreements, and then assesses the extent to which these different kinds of agreements underpin the common law of contract. While recognizing that the law of contract purports to deal with a broad range of voluntarily undertaken obligations, the typology of agreements suggests that the present law is primarily suited to dealing only with bargains. This suggests that there are situations in which agreements should be legally recognized, but which should not be dealt with by all of the conceptual tools of contract law, for these agreements and voluntary undertakings serve the interests of those undertaking them in significantly different ways than do bargains.
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