Relevant bibliographies by topics / Understory plants

Academic literature on the topic 'Understory plants'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 5 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Understory plants"

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Dávalos, Andrea, Victoria Nuzzo, Jordan Stark, and Bernd Blossey. "Unexpected earthworm effects on forest understory plants." BMC Ecology 13, no. 1 (2013): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-13-48.

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Pearcy, RW. "Photosynthetic Utilisation of Lightflecks by Understory Plants." Functional Plant Biology 15, no. 2 (1988): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pp9880223.

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The light environment in forest understories is highly dynamic because the weak shade light is period- ically punctuated by lightflecks lasting from a second or less to tens of minutes. Although present for only a small fraction of the day, these lightflecks can contribute more than two-thirds of the photosynthetically active radiation. Several factots are of importance in determining the capacity of a leaf to utilise lightflecks. Following long low-light periods the induction state of the photosynthetic apparatus is limiting. During induction, 20-60 min may be required before maximum assimilation rates are reached due first to a light activation requirement. of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylasel oxygenase and later to the light-induced stomatal opening. Continuous light is not required and induction occurring during a series of lightflecks results in higher carbon gain for later as compared to earlier lightflecks. Post-illumination CO2 fixation resulting from utilisation of metabolite pools built up during the lightfleck can significantly enhance carbon gain during short (5-20 s) lightflecks. The carbon gain of a leaf in response to a lightfleck is a consequence of the limitations imposed by induction state plus the enhancements due to post-illumination CO2 fixation. In the field, this will depend on the frequency and duration of the lightflecks and the duration of the intervening low-light periods.
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Uemura, Shigeru. "Patterns of leaf phenology in forest understory." Canadian Journal of Botany 72, no. 4 (April 1, 1994): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b94-055.

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Foliar phenologies of forest understory plants were categorized, and the distribution pattern of leaf habit was examined among different forest environments. Various patterns of foliar phenology were found, especially in herbaceous plants. In addition to the seasonal light regime controlled by the phenology of canopy trees, differences in the length of period with snow cover led to the divergence. Perennial-leaved plants predominate in intensely shaded habitats while annual-leaved plants are more abundant in less shaded habitats. The shade tolerance of perenniel-leaved plants can be considered a preadaptation to snow tolerance. In contrast with the perennial-leaved plants, biennial-leaved plants with leaves overwintering 1 year appear to be favored in euphotic habitats with high insulation both in spring and in autumn. These species are effective competitors in spring because of rapid emergence of current leaves, probably through retranslocation of resources accumulated in the previous year. Another adaptive trait is found in heteroptic plants simultaneously having summer-green leaves and overwintering leaves; these types of leaves seem to function in predictable and quite different environments in a year. Key words: foliar phenology, growth form, light resource, overwintering leaf, snow cover.
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Chazdon, Robin L., and Robert W. Pearcy. "The Importance of Sunflecks for Forest Understory Plants." BioScience 41, no. 11 (December 1991): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1311725.

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Anderson, Steven M., Emily A. Ury, Paul J. Taillie, Eric A. Ungberg, Christopher E. Moorman, Benjamin Poulter, Marcelo Ardón, Emily S. Bernhardt, and Justin P. Wright. "Salinity thresholds for understory plants in coastal wetlands." Plant Ecology 223, no. 3 (November 24, 2021): 323–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11258-021-01209-2.

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Gui, Yu, Jiayi Li, and Jinghui Yang. "Species and Distribution of Understory Plants in Parks." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 598 (November 25, 2020): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/598/1/012023.

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Chen, Bin, Ying She Luo, and Yan Feng. "Development of Briquetting Machine for Understory Forage Plants in the South." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 4342–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.4342.

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The classification of the understory industries, the developing significance of the understory forage plants and the researching status quo at home and aboard on forage plants briquetting machine are introduced briefly. On this basis, the development of briquetting machine for understory forage plants in the southern hilly region is introduced emphatically. The pressure is applied stationary with two cylinders and feed quality can be guaranteed perfectly, Constant temperature system is installed in the box then the feed with paste flavor; at the same time the developing prospects of the briquetting machine and understory economy are also well expected.
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Zobel, Donald B., and Joseph A. Antos. "Survival of Prolonged Burial by Subalpine Forest Understory Plants." American Midland Naturalist 115, no. 2 (April 1986): 282. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2425865.

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Smith. "High Species Diversity in Fleshy-Fruited Tropical Understory Plants." American Naturalist 157, no. 6 (2001): 646. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3079305.

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Smith, James F. "High Species Diversity in Fleshy‐Fruited Tropical Understory Plants." American Naturalist 157, no. 6 (June 2001): 646–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/320625.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Understory plants"

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Brooke, Molly Muir. "The fate of Chinese understory species in coniferous forests of the Pacific Northwest : the role of light." Online access for everyone, 2006. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2006/m_brooke_121306.pdf.

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Nelson, Cara Ritchie. "Effects of timber harvest and forest edges on abundance, viability, and physiology of understory plants in Pseudotsuga forests of western Washington /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5553.

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Webster, Bobbie J. "Response of the understory to low intensity prescribed burning or mechanical and herbicide treatment in a northern mesic eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) forest in the Menominee Nation, Wisconsin /." Link for full-text, 2008. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2008/Webster1.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stevens Point, 2008.
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree Master of Science in Natural Resources (Forest Ecology), College of Natural Resources. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 122-128).
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Tyler, Marnie W. "Forests of the western Olympic Peninsula : understory plant species diversity, forest policy, and landscape pattern /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5464.

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Smith, Jason Richard. "Seral stage, site conditions, and the vulnerability of understory plant communities to forest harvesting /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2024.

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Research Project (M.R.M.) - Simon Fraser University, 2005.
Theses (School of Resource and Environmental Management) / Simon Fraser University. Research Project (School of Resource and Environmental Management) / Simon Fraser University.
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Jones, Jeffrey W. "Predicting measures of diversity for forest regeneration using site and overstory variables a regression approach /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3548.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2004.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 50 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-38).
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Goodwin, Nicholas R. School of Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences UNSW. "Assessing understorey structural characteristics in eucalypt forests: an investigation of LiDAR techniques." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/28365.

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The potential of airborne LiDAR technology to quantify forest structure within eucalypt forests has been evaluated with a focus on the understorey stratum. To achieve this, three studies have been undertaken using multiple (4) LiDAR datasets acquired over three test areas located in Wedding Bells State Forest, Coffs Harbour, Australia. Initially, the effects of sensor configuration were evaluated using field measurements collected from three structurally and topographically differing field plots (40 x 90 m areas). Results indicated that canopy height profiles derived from LiDAR data at the plot scale were largely unaffected by a change in platform altitude from 1000 to 3000 m (p > 0.05). In addition, the derivation of individual tree attributes was found to be highly sensitive to the density of LiDAR observations whilst higher platform altitudes showed an increased proportion of single returns over forested areas. In the second study, an innovative field based approach was developed to sample the structure of the understorey (horizontally and vertically) for LiDAR validation purposes. Using two separate LiDAR datasets, this research confirmed that mean understorey height and understorey cover can be effectively mapped in areas of low to medium canopy cover whilst no significant relationship (p > 0.05) was identified between field and LiDAR estimates of maximum understorey height. In the third study, an optimised LiDAR beam interception model was developed and validated, and then applied to assess the interaction of extrinsic and intrinsic factors of the LiDAR survey. This demonstrated that the probability of beam interception through the forest canopy can be affected by factors both intrinsic (e.g. crown cover) and extrinsic (e.g. scan angle) to the structure of the canopy. Overall, the results of this research indicate that optimising the sensor configuration is important to the derivation of particular forest structural attributes and significantly, there is potential for LiDAR technology to provide quantitative and spatially detailed estimates of key understorey attributes such as mean height and cover.
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Macaulay, Lisa Ann University of Ballarat. "The floristic composition and regeneration characteristics of Buloke (Allocasuarina luehmannii) woodland of the Wimmera, Victoria." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/12768.

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"The pre-settlement distribution and character of Wimmera Buloke woodlands are described based on historical data including early parish plans. It is suggested the open structure of these woodlands was maintained by relatively frequent fire. The floristic composition of the most intact Wimmera Buloke woodland remnants was intensively surveyed. Five floristic communities are described based on computer-based analysis of species presence data. Eight 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types' are described based on surface soil texture categories and average annual rainfall zones. Native daisies, chenopods and shrubs are components of the understory that differentiate the 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types'. [...] A series of experiments was undertaken with the aim of determinig the factors responsible for the paucity of Allocasuarina luehmannii regeneration in remnant Wimmera bushland."
Master of Applied Science
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Macaulay, Lisa Ann. "The floristic composition and regeneration characteristics of Buloke (Allocasuarina luehmannii) woodland of the Wimmera, Victoria." Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/65156.

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"The pre-settlement distribution and character of Wimmera Buloke woodlands are described based on historical data including early parish plans. It is suggested the open structure of these woodlands was maintained by relatively frequent fire. The floristic composition of the most intact Wimmera Buloke woodland remnants was intensively surveyed. Five floristic communities are described based on computer-based analysis of species presence data. Eight 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types' are described based on surface soil texture categories and average annual rainfall zones. Native daisies, chenopods and shrubs are components of the understory that differentiate the 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types'. [...] A series of experiments was undertaken with the aim of determinig the factors responsible for the paucity of Allocasuarina luehmannii regeneration in remnant Wimmera bushland."
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Macaulay, Lisa Ann. "The floristic composition and regeneration characteristics of Buloke (Allocasuarina luehmannii) woodland of the Wimmera, Victoria." University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14602.

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"The pre-settlement distribution and character of Wimmera Buloke woodlands are described based on historical data including early parish plans. It is suggested the open structure of these woodlands was maintained by relatively frequent fire. The floristic composition of the most intact Wimmera Buloke woodland remnants was intensively surveyed. Five floristic communities are described based on computer-based analysis of species presence data. Eight 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types' are described based on surface soil texture categories and average annual rainfall zones. Native daisies, chenopods and shrubs are components of the understory that differentiate the 'pre-settlement Buloke woodland types'. [...] A series of experiments was undertaken with the aim of determinig the factors responsible for the paucity of Allocasuarina luehmannii regeneration in remnant Wimmera bushland."
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Books on the topic "Understory plants"

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Paula, Hayes, ed. Paula Hayes: Understory. Saraoga Springs, N.Y: Frances Young Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery at Skidmore College, 2012.

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Photography, Southeast Museum of, ed. Understory: Lumen prints of Florida flora. Laguna Beach: Laguna Wilderness Press, 2008.

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Deal, Robert L. Understory plant diversity in riparian alder-conifer stands after logging in southeast Alaska. [Portland, Or.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1998.

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Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Or.), ed. Understory plant diversity in riparian alder-conifer stands after logging in southeast Alaska. [Portland, Or.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1998.

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A, Murphy Paul, and United States. Forest Service. Southern Research Station., eds. Understory vegetation 3 years after implementing uneven-aged silviculture in a shortleaf pine-oak stand. [Asheville, NC]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Southern Research Station, 1997.

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Ffolliott, Peter F. Vegetative characteristics and relationships in the oak savannas of the Southwestern Borderlands. Fort Collins, Colo: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2008.

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Ffolliott, Peter F. Vegetative characteristics and relationships in the oak savannas of the Southwestern Borderlands. Fort Collins, Colo: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2008.

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Ffolliott, Peter F. Vegetative characteristics and relationships in the oak savannas of the Southwestern Borderlands. Fort Collins, Colo: United States Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2008.

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N, Gray Andrew, Garman, Steven L. (Steven Lee), 1955-, and Pacific Northwest Research Station (Portland, Or.), eds. Canopy structure on forest lands in western Oregon: Differences among forest types and stand ages. Portland, OR: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2009.

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Reinecke, Horst. Begleitwuchsregulierung: Hinweise zur Pflege von Jungwüchsen in der Forstwirtschaft. Göttingen: Horst Reinecke, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Understory plants"

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Pearcy, R. W., and W. A. Pfitsch. "The Consequences of Sunflecks for Photosynthesis and Growth of Forest Understory Plants." In Ecophysiology of Photosynthesis, 343–59. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79354-7_17.

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Loiselle, Bette A., and John G. Blake. "Spatial distribution of understory fruit-eating birds and fruiting plants in a neotropical lowland wet forest." In Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects, 177–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1749-4_12.

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Tani, T., H. Kudoh, and N. Kachi. "Responses of root length/leaf area ratio and specific root length of an understory herb, Pteridophyllum racemosum, to increases in irradiance." In Roots: The Dynamic Interface between Plants and the Earth, 227–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2923-9_22.

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Mallik, Azim U. "Linking ecosystem disturbance with changes in keystone species, humus properties and soil chemical ecology: implications for conifer regeneration with ericaceous understory." In Chemical Ecology of Plants: Allelopathy in Aquatic and Terrestrial Ecosystems, 131–47. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8109-8_9.

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Braun, Veit. "Tools of Extraction or Means of Speculation? Making Sense of Patents in the Bioeconomy." In Bioeconomy and Global Inequalities, 65–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-68944-5_4.

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AbstractOver the last few decades, Europe has seen a rise in applications for “native trait” patents on conventionally bred plants. Based on expert interviews, participant observation, patent statistics and document analysis, this chapter discusses what constitutes the (potential) value of these patents for various stakeholders. Native trait patents are a legacy of biotech plant patents from the 1980s and 1990s but follow different material, legal and economic logics. Unlike GMO patents, it would be wrong to view them as tools with which to extract surplus value from farmers. Neither, however, are they simply a means to capture investment from stock markets. There is no single business model that could explain the rush of companies to apply for patents in conventional plant breeding; therefore, patents must be understood as complex value objects that fulfil different functions for different actors and that often defy their original purpose of stimulating and protecting innovation.
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Woods, Kerry D. "Patterns of tree replacement: canopy effects on understory pattern in hemlock - northern hardwood forests." In Plant community ecology: Papers in honor of Robert H. Whittaker, 185–205. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5526-4_14.

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Svenning, Jens-Christian, Karen H. Baktoft, and Henrik Balslev. "Land-use history affects understorey plant species distributions in a large temperate-forest complex, Denmark." In Forest Ecology, 221–34. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2795-5_17.

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McCarthy, Brian C. "Response of a Forest Understory Community to Experimental Removal of an Invasive Nonindigenous Plant (Alliaria petiolata Brassicaceae)." In Springer Series on Environmental Management, 117–30. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1926-2_11.

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Murugaiyan, Varunseelan, Frederike Zeibig, Mahender Anumalla, Sameer Ali Siddiq, Michael Frei, Jayaseelan Murugaiyan, and Jauhar Ali. "Arsenic Stress Responses and Accumulation in Rice." In Rice Improvement, 281–313. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66530-2_9.

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AbstractRice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the world’s most vital staple grains, and 90% of it is produced and consumed in Asia alone. It plays a significant role in the entry of mineral nutrients into the food chain. Arsenic (As) is a toxic heavy metal that threatens the major rice-growing regions in the world, particularly in Asia. Arsenic is ubiquitously present in moderate concentrations in the environment because of natural geological processes and anthropogenic impacts. However, rapid industrialization and excessive use of arsenic-rich groundwater are further fueling the increased arsenic concentration in agricultural topsoil. Arsenic accumulation in rice plants has a significant adverse effect on plant, human, and livestock health. Although arsenic contamination in rice is well documented, its interaction and accumulation in rice are poorly understood. So far, no candidate genes or QTLs associated with arsenic interaction are used in breeding programs for the development of low-arsenic-accumulating rice varieties. The development and adaptation of new low-arsenic-accumulating rice cultivars resilient to arsenic toxicity constitute safe ways to mitigate arsenic contamination in rice. Recent scientific advances in rice genetics, genomics, and physiology have opened up new opportunities to speed up the process of developing low-arsenic-accumulating rice cultivars for the rapidly growing human population.
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Lenière, Alexandre, and Gilles Houle. "Short-term responses of the understory to the removal of plant functional groups in the cold-temperate deciduous forest." In Forest Ecology, 235–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2795-5_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Understory plants"

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Sun, Yu-Dan, Jin-Xiang Liu, Huo-Bin Xiong, Yan-hua Feng, and Tong Li. "Effect of Gap Light Factors on Understory Plants Species Distribution in Different Forest Types." In 2016 International Conference on Economy, Management and Education Technology. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icemet-16.2016.416.

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Česonienė, Laima, and Remigijus Daubaras. "Changes of Understory Plants Populations after Clear—Cuttings in Scots Pine—Dominated Forests <sup>†</sup>." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09442.

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Strengbom, Joachim, Per-Ola Hedwall, Lena Gustafsson, Jörg Brunet, Matts Lindbladh, and Anna-Lena Axelsson. "Half a century of multiple anthropogenic stressors has altered northern forest understory plant communities." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107838.

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Jia, Xiaorong, Runxia Huang, Yi Zhou, and Zhiyao Su. "Patterns of Understory Plant Diversity in Response to Transmitted Solar Radiation in a Subtropical Forest." In 2015 International Symposium on Material, Energy and Environment Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ism3e-15.2015.84.

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Wang, Yong-jian, Zhang-cheng Zhong, and Jian-ping Tao. "Root Adaptability of Clonal Plant Iris japonica and Its Role in Understory Vegetation Restoration in Chongqing, SW China." In 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (iCBBE). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbbe.2010.5516617.

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Forsberg, C. W., M. Gorensek, S. Herring, and P. Pickard. "Safety Related Physical Phenomena for Coupled High-Temperature Reactors and Hydrogen Production Facilities." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58223.

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High-temperature reactors are a potential low-carbon source of high-temperature heat for chemical plants—including hydrogen production plants and refineries. Unlike electricity, high temperature heat can only be transported limited distances; thus, the reactor and chemical plants will be close to each other. A critical issue is to understand potential safety challenges to the reactor from the associated chemical plant events to assure nuclear plant safety. The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) recently sponsored a Phenomena Identification and Ranking Table (PIRT) exercise to identify potential safety-related physical phenomena for high-temperature reactors coupled to a hydrogen production or similar chemical plant. The ranking process determines what types of chemical plant transients and accidents could present the greatest risks to the nuclear plant and thus the priorities for safety assessments. The assessment yielded four major observations. Because the safety philosophy for most chemical plants (dilution) is different than the safety philosophy for nuclear power plants (containment), this difference must be recognized and understood when considering safety challenges to a nuclear reactor from coupled chemical plants or refineries. Accidental releases of hydrogen from a hydrogen production facility are unlikely to be a major hazard for the nuclear plant assuming some minimum separation distances. Many chemical plants under accident conditions can produce heavy ground-hugging gases such as oxygen, corrosive gases, and toxic gases that can have major off-site consequences because of the ease of transport from the chemical plant to off-site locations. Oxygen presents a special concern because most proposed nuclear hydrogen processes convert water into hydrogen and oxygen; thus, oxygen is the primary byproduct. These types of potential accidents must be carefully accessed. Last, the potential consequences of the failure of the intermediate heat transport loop that moves heat from the reactor to the chemical plant must be carefully assessed.
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Yang, Qingming. "State Oriented Procedure Application in Nuclear Power Plants in China." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29591.

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With the improvement of nuclear technology and nuclear safety, accidental operating procedure, as an important component of the defence in depth concept for nuclear power plant operation, develops in the way of being more robust and more operator-friendly, especially following the Three Miles Island accident. In China, nuclear power plants try to change from Event Oriented Procedure (EOP) to State Oriented Procedure (SOP) which is a scenario independent approach, developed by French institutes. This paper tries to discuss the principle of the state oriented approach and the composition of SOP. At the same time, comparison between SOP and EOP is made. Having understood the bases of SOP, China Nuclear Power Plants apply it from design to implementation appropriately only.
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Hein, Andreas M., Marija Jankovic, Romain Farel, and Bernard Yannou. "A Data- and Knowledge-Driven Methodology for Generating Eco-Industrial Park Architectures." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59171.

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Industrial symbiosis can be understood as the substitution of new resources used in an industrial process by another resource that would otherwise be discarded. Industrial symbiosis can thereby create new revenue streams and at the same time reduce environmental impact. The initial step in creating an industrial symbiosis is the identification of potential substation relationships between production plants. This step is challenging, as information about the companies is often not available. Several software tools have been developed in order to identify potential symbiosis opportunities. However, these tools have the shortcoming that they require extensive data input from companies owning the production plants. This requirement limits the number of companies for which symbiosis opportunities are identified. In this paper, we propose a data-driven methodology for identifying industrial symbiosis and generating eco-industrial park architectures. The methodology is based on meta-models of industrial plants for identifying plant attributes for certain types of plants, correlations that estimate the rough amount of resource supply and demand of a plant, and a rule-based system that identifies symbiosis opportunities based on knowledge from successful symbioses. Based on the symbiosis opportunities, approach generates eco-industrial park architectures that are optimal in terms of economic and environmental performance. Finally, we apply the methodology to a case study of the existing Kalundborg eco-industrial park to evaluate if the methodology is capable of finding existing symbioses. We conclude that the methodology can be applied to screening industrial zones with standard types of industrial plants. However, the results depend on the types of existing industrial plant meta-models in the database. Future work will focus on extending the data and knowledge base; and validating the methodology by its application to other existing eco-industrial parks.
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Leishear, Robert A. "Nuclear Power Plant Fires and Explosions: Part II — Hydrogen Ignition Overview." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-66278.

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Major accidents that were affected by hydrogen fires and explosions included Chernobyl, Three Mile Island, and Fukushima Daiichi. Smaller piping explosions have occurred at Hamaoka and Brunsbüttel Nuclear Power Plants. An overview of pertinent topics is presented here to compare similarities and differences between these accidents. In particular, a hydrogen ignition mechanism is presented here, where fluid transients, or water hammer, may cause pressures to compress flammable hydrogen gas in reactor systems. As the gas compresses, it heats to temperatures sufficient to cause autoignition, or dieseling. Autoignition then leads to fires or explosions in nuclear power plant systems. To explain this evolving theory on hydrogen ignition during fires and explosions, various nuclear power plant hydrogen accidents require discussion. For example, Chernobyl explosions were unaffected by water hammer, while a Three Mile Island hydrogen fire was a direct result of water hammer following a reactor meltdown, and explosions that followed a meltdown at Fukushima Daiichi occurred during a water hammer event. Other piping damages also occurred during water hammer events. The primary purpose of this paper is to serve as a literature review of past accidents and to provide new insights into those accidents. In short, what is known versus what is unknown is discussed here with respect to the ignition sources of nuclear power plant fires and explosions. How can nuclear power plant safety be assured unless previous fire and explosion causes are understood? Prior to this work, they were not understood.
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Zhou, Dengji, Tingting Wei, Shixi Ma, Huisheng Zhang, Di Huang, and Zhenhua Lu. "Metamodeling-Based Performance Analysis for Digital Power Plant." In ASME 2018 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2018 12th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2018 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2018-7385.

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Digital power plant is the theory and method to improve the operating quality of power plant by quantifying, analyzing, controlling and deciding the physical and working objects of power plants in the whole life cycle. Signals and management information of power plants will be digitized, so as to realize information exchange reliably and accurately and large-scale distributed resource sharing based on the network technology. Then optimization decisions and scientific guidance for plant operation will be proposed by intelligent expert system based on the digital resources. Therefore, the foundation of digital power plant is system modeling and performance analysis. However, there are some problems in the process of the modeling performance analysis of digital power plant. For instance, each unit of the system model has different dimensions and different type of mathematical description, and the data or information used for modeling are defined differently and belong to different enterprises, who do not want to share their information. Metamodeling is potential to solve these problems. It defines the specification to describe a unit and the relationship between different elements. Compared with traditional modeling methodologies for thermal systems, metamodeling makes the model more standardized, and the relationship of the model elements is more explicit and better understood by the co-simulation partners. In this paper, the collaborative modeling and simulation platform for digital power plant has been established based on the metamodeling method and the performance of the target plant has been analyzed from different aspects via field data. The metamodeling method consists of three parts: syntax definition, model development and algorithm definition. The result shows that the collaborate modeling and simulation platform can be used to reduce costs, decrease equipment failure rate, and improve plant output, so as to guarantee the safety and increase economics.
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Reports on the topic "Understory plants"

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Deal, Robert L. Understory plant diversity in riparian alder-conifer stands after logging in southeast Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rn-523.

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Boyle, M., and Elizabeth Rico. Terrestrial vegetation monitoring at Fort Matanzas National Monument: 2019 data summary. National Park Service, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrds-2293409.

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The Southeast Coast Network (SECN) conducts long-term terrestrial vegetation monitoring as part of the nationwide Inventory and Monitoring Program of the National Park Service (NPS). The vegetation community vital sign is one of the primary-tier resources identified by SECN park managers, and it is currently conducted at 15 network parks (DeVivo et al. 2008). Monitoring plants and their associated communities over time allows for targeted understanding of ecosystems within the SECN geography, which provides managers information about the degree of change within their parks’ natural vegetation. 2019 marks the first year of conducting this monitoring effort at four SECN parks, including Fort Matanzas National Monument (FOMA). Nine vegetation plots, located on Anastasia and Rattlesnake Islands, were established at Fort Matanzas National Monument in June. Data collected in each plot included species richness across multiple spatial scales, species-specific cover and constancy, species-specific woody stem seedling/sapling counts and adult tree (greater than 10 centimeters [3.9 inches {in}]) diameter at breast height (DBH), overall tree health, landform, soil, observed disturbance, and woody biomass (i.e., fuel load) estimates. This report summarizes the baseline (year 1) terrestrial vegetation data collected at Fort Matanzas National Monument in 2019. Data were stratified across two dominant broadly defined habitats within the park (Maritime Upland Forests/Shrublands and Maritime Open Uplands). Noteworthy findings include: Eighty-two vascular plant taxa (species or lower) were observed across nine vegetation plots, including eight species not previously documented within the park. The most frequently encountered species in each broadly defined habitat included: Maritime Upland Forests and Shrublands: saw palmetto (Serenoa repens), yaupon (Ilex vomitoria), southern/eastern red cedar (Juniperus silicicola + virginiana), American beautyberry (Callicarpa americana), and American burnweed (Erectites hieraciifolius). Maritime Open Uplands: sea oats (Uniola paniculata), earleaf greenbriar (Smilax auriculata), and dixie sandmat (Euphorbia bombensis). ne non-native species, Brazilian pepper (Schinus terebinthifolia), categorized as invasive by the Florida Exotic Pest Plant Council (FLEPPC 2019) was encountered in one Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland plot during this monitoring effort. There were not any rare plants tracked by the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services (FDACS 2020) found during this monitoring effort. All plants located in these monitoring plots are fairly common throughout Florida, as well as across the Southeast Coast. Three species observed, however, are on the FDACS 2020 list of commercially exploited plants within the state. These include saw palmetto, cinnamon fern (Osmundastrum cinnamomeum), and coontie (Zamia integrifolia var. umbrosa). Southern/eastern red cedar and cabbage palmetto (Sabal palmetto) were the most dominant species within the tree stratum of the Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type. Species that dominated the sapling and seedling strata of this type included yaupon and cabbage palmetto. More than 75% of the trees measured in the parks Maritime Upland Forest and Shrubland habitat type were alive and experiencing healthy vigor. Of the 22 trees that were dead, more than 50% of those were southern/eastern red cedar. Most of those individuals that were observed with moderate or severe decline and greater than 50% dieback were southern/eastern red cedars. Although red bay (Persea borbonia) was identified as one of the “principal understory tree” species within Fort Matanzas National Monument’s maritime forests in 2004 (Zomlefer et al. 2004), tree-sized individuals were rarely detected on plots during this monitoring effort. This may be in part due to the detection of laurel wilt disease within St. Johns County in 2006 (USDA 2021). Based on the low detection...
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Pittsenbarger, Mark. A Study of Understory Plant Recovery After a Forest Fire in the Columbia River Gorge. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6656.

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Harris, Scott, and Jeffrey Barnard. Understory plant development in artificial canopy gaps in an 81-year-old forest stand on Chichagof Island, southeast Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-609.

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Harris, Scott, and Jeffrey Barnard. Understory plant development in artificial canopy gaps in an 81-year-old forest stand on Chichagof Island, southeast Alaska. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-rp-609.

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Schuster, Gadi, and David Stern. Integration of phosphorus and chloroplast mRNA metabolism through regulated ribonucleases. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7695859.bard.

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New potential for engineering chloroplasts to express novel traits has stimulated research into relevant techniques and genetic processes, including plastid transformation and gene regulation. This proposal continued our long time BARD-funded collaboration research into mechanisms that influence chloroplast RNA accumulation, and thus gene expression. Previous work on cpRNA catabolism has elucidated a pathway initiated by endonucleolytic cleavage, followed by polyadenylation and exonucleolytic degradation. A major player in this process is the nucleus-encoded exoribonuclease/polymerasepolynucleotidephoshorylase (PNPase). Biochemical characterization of PNPase has revealed a modular structure that controls its RNA synthesis and degradation activities, which in turn are responsive to the phosphate (P) concentration. However, the in vivo roles and regulation of these opposing activities are poorly understood. The objectives of this project were to define how PNPase is controlled by P and nucleotides, using in vitro assays; To make use of both null and site-directed mutations in the PNPgene to study why PNPase appears to be required for photosynthesis; and to analyze plants defective in P sensing for effects on chloroplast gene expression, to address one aspect of how adaptation is integrated throughout the organism. Our new data show that P deprivation reduces cpRNA decay rates in vivo in a PNPasedependent manner, suggesting that PNPase is part of an organismal P limitation response chain that includes the chloroplast. As an essential component of macromolecules, P availability often limits plant growth, and particularly impacts photosynthesis. Although plants have evolved sophisticated scavenging mechanisms these have yet to be exploited, hence P is the most important fertilizer input for crop plants. cpRNA metabolism was found to be regulated by P concentrations through a global sensing pathway in which PNPase is a central player. In addition several additional discoveries were revealed during the course of this research program. The human mitochondria PNPase was explored and a possible role in maintaining mitochondria homeostasis was outlined. As polyadenylation was found to be a common mechanism that is present in almost all organisms, the few examples of organisms that metabolize RNA with no polyadenylation were analyzed and described. Our experiment shaded new insights into how nutrient stress signals affect yield by influencing photosynthesis and other chloroplast processes, suggesting strategies for improving agriculturally-important plants or plants with novel introduced traits. Our studies illuminated the poorly understood linkage of chloroplast gene expression to environmental influences other than light quality and quantity. Finely, our finding significantly advanced the knowledge about polyadenylation of RNA, the evolution of this process and its function in different organisms including bacteria, archaea, chloroplasts, mitochondria and the eukaryotic cell. These new insights into chloroplast gene regulation will ultimately support plant improvement for agriculture
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Christopher, David A., and Avihai Danon. Plant Adaptation to Light Stress: Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586534.bard.

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Original Objectives: 1. Purify and biochemically characterize RB60 orthologs in higher plant chloroplasts; 2. Clone the gene(s) encoding plant RB60 orthologs and determine their structure and expression; 3. Manipulate the expression of RB60; 4. Assay the effects of altered RB60 expression on thylakoid biogenesis and photosynthetic function in plants exposed to different light conditions. In addition, we also examined the gene structure and expression of RB60 orthologs in the non-vascular plant, Physcomitrella patens and cloned the poly(A)-binding protein orthologue (43 kDa RB47-like protein). This protein is believed to a partner that interacts with RB60 to bind to the psbA5' UTR. Thus, to obtain a comprehensive view of RB60 function requires analysis of its biochemical partners such as RB43. Background & Achievements: High levels of sunlight reduce photosynthesis in plants by damaging the photo system II reaction center (PSII) subunits, such as D1 (encoded by the chloroplast tpsbAgene). When the rate of D1 synthesis is less than the rate of photo damage, photo inhibition occurs and plant growth is decreased. Plants use light-activated translation and enhanced psbAmRNA stability to maintain D1 synthesis and replace the photo damaged 01. Despite the importance to photosynthetic capacity, these mechanisms are poorly understood in plants. One intriguing model derived from the algal chloroplast system, Chlamydomonas, implicates the role of three proteins (RB60, RB47, RB38) that bind to the psbAmRNA 5' untranslated leader (5' UTR) in the light to activate translation or enhance mRNA stability. RB60 is the key enzyme, protein D1sulfide isomerase (Pill), that regulates the psbA-RN :Binding proteins (RB's) by way of light-mediated redox potentials generated by the photosystems. However, proteins with these functions have not been described from higher plants. We provided compelling evidence for the existence of RB60, RB47 and RB38 orthologs in the vascular plant, Arabidopsis. Using gel mobility shift, Rnase protection and UV-crosslinking assays, we have shown that a dithiol redox mechanism which resembles a Pill (RB60) activity regulates the interaction of 43- and 30-kDa proteins with a thermolabile stem-loop in the 5' UTR of the psbAmRNA from Arabidopsis. We discovered, in Arabidopsis, the PD1 gene family consists of II members that differ in polypeptide length from 361 to 566 amino acids, presence of signal peptides, KDEL motifs, and the number and positions of thioredoxin domains. PD1's catalyze the reversible formation an disomerization of disulfide bonds necessary for the proper folding, assembly, activity, and secretion of numerous enzymes and structural proteins. PD1's have also evolved novel cellular redox functions, as single enzymes and as subunits of protein complexes in organelles. We provide evidence that at least one Pill is localized to the chloroplast. We have used PDI-specific polyclonal and monoclonal antisera to characterize the PD1 (55 kDa) in the chloroplast that is unevenly distributed between the stroma and pellet (containing membranes, DNA, polysomes, starch), being three-fold more abundant in the pellet phase. PD1-55 levels increase with light intensity and it assembles into a high molecular weight complex of ~230 kDa as determined on native blue gels. In vitro translation of all 11 different Pill's followed by microsomal membrane processing reactions were used to differentiate among PD1's localized in the endoplasmic reticulum or other organelles. These results will provide.1e insights into redox regulatory mechanisms involved in adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to light stress. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms and factors regulating chloroplast photosynthetic genes is important for developing strategies to improve photosynthetic efficiency, crop productivity and adaptation to high light environments.
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Freeman, Stanley, and Daniel Legard. Epidemiology and Etiology of Colletotrichum Species Causing Strawberry Diseases. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7695845.bard.

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Diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. are one of the most important limitations on international strawberry production, affecting all vegetative and fruiting parts of the plant. From 1995 to 1997, C. acutatum infections reached epidemic levels in Israeli strawberry nurseries, causing extensive loss of transplants in fruit-bearing fields and additional reductions in yield. Although C. acutatum also occurs on strawberry in Florida, recent crown rot epidemics have been primarily caused by C. gloeosporioides. Little is known about the basic epidemiology of these important diseases on strawberry. The source of initial inoculum for epidemics in Israel, Florida (other US states including California) and the rest of the world is not well understood. Subspecies relationships between Colletotrichum isolates that cause the different diseases on strawberry (i.e. attack different tissues) are also not well understood. Objectives of this proposal were to detennine the potential of infested soil, strawberry debris and other hosts as sources of primary inoculum for strawberry diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. in Israel and Florida. In addition, traditional (ie. morphological characteristics, benomyl sensitivity, vegetative compatibility grouping) and DNA based methods were used to investigate the etiology of these diseases in order to resolve epidemiologically important subspecies variation. In Israel it was found that C. gloeosporioides and C. acutatum infecting strawberry could remain viable in sterilized soil for up to one year and in methyl-bromide fumigated soil for up to 4 months; inoculum in mummified fruit remained viable for at least 5 months under field conditions whereas that in infected crowns was not recovered. Therefore, the contribution of these inocula to disease epidemics should be considered. The host range and specificity of C. acutatum from strawberry was examined on pepper, eggplant, tomato, bean and strawberry under greenhouse conditions. The fungus was recovered from all plant species over a three-month period but caused disease symptoms only on strawberry. C. acutatum was also isolated from healthy looking, asymptomatic plants of the weed species, Vicia and Conyza, growing in infected strawberry fruiting fields. Isolates of C. acutatum originating from strawberry and anemone infected both plant species in artificial inoculations. The habitation of a large number of plant species including weeds by C. acutatum suggests that although it causes disease only on strawberry and anemone in Israel, these plants may serve as a potential inoculum source for strawberry infection and pennit survival of the pathogen between seasons. In Florida, isolates of Colletotrichum spp. from diseased strawberry fruit and crowns were evaluated to detennine their etiology and the genetic diversity of the pathogens. Only C. acutatum was recovered from fruit and C. gloeosporioides were the main species recovered from crowns. These isolates were evaluated at 40 putative genetic loci using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Genetic analysis of RAPD markers revealed that the level of linkage disequilibrium among polymorphic loci in C. gloeosporioides suggested that they were a sexually reproducing population. Under field conditions in Florida, it was detennined that C. gloeosporioides in buried crowns survived
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Steffens, John, Eithan Harel, and Alfred Mayer. Coding, Expression, Targeting, Import and Processing of Distinct Polyphenoloxidases in Tissues of Higher Plants. United States Department of Agriculture, November 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7613008.bard.

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Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) catalyzes the oxidation of phenols to quinones at the expense of O2. PPOs are ubiquitous in higer plants, and their role in oxidative browning of plant tissues causes large annual losses to food production. Despite the importance of PPOs to agriculture, the function(s) of PPOs in higher plants are not understood. Among other roles, PPOs have been proposed to participate in aspects of chloroplast metabolism, based on their occurrence in plastids and high Km for O2. Due to the ability of PPO to catalyze formation of highly reactive quinones, PPOs have also been proposed to be involved in a wide array of defensive interactions with insect, bacterial, and fungal pests. Physiological and biochemical studies of PPO have provided few answers to the major problems of PPO function, subcellular localization, and biochemical properties. This proposal achieved the following major objectives: cloning of PPO cDNAs in potato and tomato; characterization of the tomato PPO gene family; antisense downregulation of the tomato PPO gene family; and reduction in post-harvest enzymic browning of potato through expression of antisense PPO genes under the control of tuber-specific promoters. In addition, we established the lumenal localization of PPO, characterized and clarified the means by which PPOs are imported and processed by chloroplasts, and provided insight into the factors which control localization of PPOs. This proposal has thereby provided fundamental advances in the understanding of this enzyme and the control of its expression.
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Van Winkle, Jill. Informal Trails and the Spread of Invasive Species in Urban Natural Areas: Spatial Analysis of Informal Trails and their Effects on Understory Plant Communities in Forest Park, Portland, Oregon. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1840.

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