Journal articles: 'Undersized'

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Schwammenthal, Ehud. "Undersized and Overstretched." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 65, no. 5 (February 2015): 462–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2014.10.068.

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Gorbatovskiy, Andrey, Irina Rakityanskaya, and Marina Kaledina. "Minced products from undersized sea fish: new industrial technology." Foods and Raw Materials 9, no. 1 (April 20, 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1-87-94.

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Introduction. The ever-growing world population and protein deficiency increase the demand for products of animal origin, especially fish-based. However, canned foods and fillets, which are the most popular types of fish products, are made from medium-sized and large fish. In spite of the fact that undersized fish is cheap, it requires manual processing and remains so time and labour consuming that it is utilized for non-food purposes. The research objective was to develop a new technology for processing undersized sea fish into minced ready-to-eat products. Study objects and methods. The study featured experimental samples of fish mince with texturing agents and food additives vs. control samples of pure fish mince. The experiment involved block-frozen Peruvian anchovy (Engraulis ringens L.). The anchovy was minced without pre-defrosting, gutting, or beheading. The experimental and control samples underwent sensory evaluation and were tested for moisture content, water-binding capacity, and rheological properties using a PNDP-penetrometer. Results and discussion. Adding 3.6% of wheat fiber, ≤ 15% of pea flour, ≤ 10% of textured soy, and 12% of onion improved the sensory and technological profiles of the finished product. The recommended mass fraction of fish in the finished product did not exceed 55%, as a higher amount deteriorated the sensory quality of the product. The textured soy provided the optimal texture. The fish balls were cooked from the fish mince, which were deep-fried in breadcrumbs, received a high score for sensory properties and could be recommended as basis for various formulations. Conclusion. Minced undersized fish, traditionally used as fertilizers or crude product, proved to be an advantageous semi-finished and ready-to-eat product. The developed technology is relevant for most undersized block-frozen sea fish.

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Yao, Sheng Zhuo, Guo Dong Li, Fu Xin Zhang, and Lin Ge. "Study of Highway Crack Diagnosis Based on Cellular Neural Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 427-429 (September 2013): 2013–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.427-429.2013.

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Road quality information detect system is an important component in architecture quality detect system, also is the basement of successfully working of other related project for the whole country. The study of detecting the road crack is the key to insure the security of accurately detect the road quality in transportation system. In this paper, we come up with a fixed way of road undersized rift image detection by using cellular neural networks. By image processing, building rift networks and details networks and adding the model of similarity undersized rift networks. It can avoid the problem that can not accurately detect undersized crack by only taking the crack feature value. The experiment proved that fixed crack detect computing is easy to do, more accurate to detect the undersized cracks on the road and can reach the standard level of current detect technique.

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Björnsson, Björn, Jón Sólmundsson, and Ólafur K. Pálsson. "Can permanent closures of nearshore areas reduce the proportions of undersized fish in the Icelandic longline fishery?" ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 3 (September 30, 2014): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu162.

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Abstract In recent years, about one-third of the cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) catches in Icelandic waters have been obtained with longline. Although longlining has been regarded as a conservation-oriented fishing method, a serious drawback of this fishing gear is the high catches of undersized fish. Our purpose was to locate areas where catches of undersized fish are high and consider if it may be feasible to close them permanently for longlining. Extensive length measurements used in the analysis were made by official inspectors on-board longliners during 2005–2013 in the main fishing area around Iceland. We found that the percentage of undersized cod (<55 cm total length) and haddock (<45 cm) in those samples decreased in relation to both depth and distance from shore. Our results suggest that permanent closures of large nearshore areas for longlining is a feasible option to reduce catch of undersized cod and haddock.

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Stocchero, Michele, Yohei Jinno, Marco Toia, Marianne Ahmad, Evaggelia Papia, Satoshi Yamaguchi, and Jonas P. Becktor. "Intraosseous Temperature Change during Installation of Dental Implants with Two Different Surfaces and Different Drilling Protocols: An In Vivo Study in Sheep." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 8 (August 11, 2019): 1198. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8081198.

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Background: The intraosseous temperature during implant installation has never been evaluated in an in vivo controlled setup. The aims were to investigate the influence of a drilling protocol and implant surface on the intraosseous temperature during implant installation, to evaluate the influence of temperature increase on osseointegration and to calculate the heat distribution in cortical bone. Methods: Forty Brånemark implants were installed into the metatarsal bone of Finnish Dorset crossbred sheep according to two different drilling protocols (undersized/non-undersized) and two surfaces (moderately rough/turned). The intraosseous temperature was recorded, and Finite Element Model (FEM) was generated to understand the thermal behavior. Non-decalcified histology was carried out after five weeks of healing. The following osseointegration parameters were calculated: Bone-to-implant contact (BIC), Bone Area Fraction Occupancy (BAFO), and Bone Area Fraction Occupancy up to 1.5 mm (BA1.5). A multiple regression model was used to identify the influencing variables on the histomorphometric parameters. Results: The temperature was affected by the drilling protocol, while no influence was demonstrated by the implant surface. BIC was positively influenced by the undersized drilling protocol and rough surface, BAFO was negatively influenced by the temperature rise, and BA1.5 was negatively influenced by the undersized drilling protocol. FEM showed that the temperature at the implant interface might exceed the limit for bone necrosis. Conclusion: The intraosseous temperature is greatly increased by an undersized drilling protocol but not from the implant surface. The temperature increase negatively affects the bone healing in the proximity of the implant. The undersized drilling protocol for Brånemark implant systems increases the amount of bone at the interface, but it negatively impacts the bone far from the implant.

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Maguire, Julie A., Alison Coleman, Stuart Jenkins, and Gavin M. Burnell. "Effects of dredging on undersized scallops." Fisheries Research 56, no. 2 (May 2002): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-7836(01)00322-8.

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Skopin, I. I., M. S. Latyshev, I. V. Slivneva, and D. V. Murysova. "Non-systematic review of the results of using the technique of secondary chords cutting in ischemic mitral insufficiency." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 25, no. 1 (April 2, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2021-1-11-19.

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The article presents a non-systematic literature review aimed at studying the efficacy and safety of using the technique of resection of secondary chords in ischaemic mitral insufficiency. The review includes studies comparing the use of an isolated undersized ring annuloplasty and undersized ring annuloplasty with chordal cutting. This study is an analysis of publications devoted to the surgical treatment of patients with ischaemic mitral insufficiency (type IIIb according to A. Carpentier classification). Intervention on the subvalvular structures was of interest, particularly the use of a chordal cutting technique in combination with undersized ring annuloplasty versus isolated undersized ring annuloplasty. The Patient Intervention Comparison Outcome (PICO) strategy was used to find articles. During the initial search, 72 articles were selected, of which 36 articles corresponded to the purpose of the search. After analysing the headings and abstracts, 14 articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. Full-text copies were obtained for all of them. The review design included retrospective cohort studies. Articles in which the assessment of the effectiveness and safety of the technique was not the main topic of the study were excluded from the analysis. Samples of three articles were formed after reviewing and analysing the texts. The results of the study found that the implementation of the combined operation—undersized ring annuloplasty plus secondary chordal cutting—is significantly more effective in comparison with an isolated undersized ring annuloplasty.Received 28 July 2020. Revised 6 October 2020. Accepted 7 October 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.

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Shalabi, Manal M., Johannes G. C. Wolke, Anja J. E. de Ruijter, and John A. Jansen. "A Mechanical Evaluation of Implants Placed With Different Surgical Techniques Into the Trabecular Bone of Goats." Journal of Oral Implantology 33, no. 2 (April 1, 2007): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/0-827.1.

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Abstract The aim of the study was to assess the effects of surgical technique and implant surface roughness on implant fixation. A total of 48 screw implants with machined or etched surface topographies were placed into the femoral condyles of goats. The implant sites were prepared by a conventional technique, by undersized preparation, or by the osteotome technique. Bone tissue responses were evaluated after 12 weeks of healing by removal torque testing and histologic analysis using scanning electron microscope. The cumulative removal torque value of the etched implants placed with the undersized technique (98 ± 29 Ncm) was higher (50 ± 35 Ncm) to a level of statistical significance than machined surface implants placed by the osteotome technique. Scanning electron microscope evaluation indicated that all implants showed interfacial bone contact. The torque test resulted in fracture at the bone-implant interface for all experimental conditions. Installation of etched implants using an undersized preparation of the implant bed resulted in superior bonding strength with the surrounding bone at 12 weeks after surgery. Evidently, the undersized preparation technique improved the early fixation of oral implants in this study.

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Camargo, Bernardo Alievi, Daniel Becker Nunes, Aloísio Oro Spazzin, Leonardo Federizzi, Christian Schuh, and Érica Alves Gomes. "Combining the effects of undersized drilling and bone density on implant insertion torque." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 15, no. 3 (August 11, 2017): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v15i3.8649981.

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Aim: This study evaluated the influence of surgical undersized drilling on insertion torque of an implant system at low bone density. Methods: Implant site preparations were made in two polyurethane foam blocks with different densities, where two preparation techniques were considered: Control group (C): conventional drilling, following the manufacturer’s instructions; and Group (E): undersized drilling, experimental technique using a final surgical drill with reduced diameter. The artificial bone blocks were selected based on density: D1 (0.64 g/cm3) and D2 (0.32 g/cm3). Three groups were considered according to the preparation technique and bone density used (n=10): CD1 – conventional drilling technique in artificial bone with higher density; CD2 – conventional drilling technique in artificial bone with lower density; and ED2 – undersized drilling in artificial bone with lower density. Externalhexagon implants (11 × 4 mm) were inserted and the insertion torque values were measured using a digital torque-meter. Data were submitted to one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test (α=0.05). Results: The results showed significant statistical differences between groups (p<0.001), where the highest insertion torque was found for the Group CD1 (48.9 Ncm) followed by Group ED2 (22.6 Ncm) and Group CD2 (11.7 Ncm). Conclusions: The undersized drilling technique for implant site preparation leads to increased insertion torque on low bone density.

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Tabassum, A., X. F. Walboomers, J. G. C. Wolke, G. J. Meijer, and J. A. Jansen. "Bone Particles and the Undersized Surgical Technique." Journal of Dental Research 89, no. 6 (March 8, 2010): 581–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034510363263.

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Wilson, W. Kyle, Randal Morris, Andrew Coskey, Brian Smith, and Zbigniew Gugala. "Quadriceps augmentation of undersized hamstrings during ACL reconstruction." Knee 26, no. 1 (January 2019): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.knee.2018.11.012.

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Bosch, Jordi. "Production of undersized offspring in a solitary bee." Animal Behaviour 75, no. 3 (March 2008): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.anbehav.2007.06.018.

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Bachman, Daniel R., Sangeun Park, Sutee Thaveepunsan, James S. Fitzsimmons, Kai-Nan An, and Shawn W. OʼDriscoll. "Joint Contact Changes With Undersized Prosthetic Radial Heads." Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma 32, no. 11 (November 2018): e440-e444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000001278.

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14

Bass, Theodore A. "Overstretching undersized drug-eluting stents: A temporary solution." Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions 61, no. 4 (2004): 461–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.20020.

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Vitale, Sergio, Giacomo Milisenda, Michele Gristina, Pasquale Baiata, Sara Bonanomi, Francesco Colloca, Vita Gancitano, Danilo Scannela, Fabio Fiorentino, and Antonello Sala. "Towards more selective Mediterranean trawl fisheries: are juveniles and trash excluder devices effective tools for reducing undersized catches?" Scientia Marina 82, S1 (December 20, 2018): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/scimar.04751.28a.

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Mediterranean trawl fisheries are characterized by a critical combination of high fishing effort and low size at first capture for most commercial species. In this study we tested the use of sorting grids installed on bottom trawl nets to minimize the catch of undersized deep-water rose shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris, DPS) and European hake (Merluccius merluccius, HKE). The catch of a traditional trawl net was compared with that obtained with the same net equipped with ad hoc designed juveniles and trash excluder devices (JTEDs) during an experimental survey. Three different JTEDs were tested: the first (G1-SM40) was built with a net of 40-mm square mesh; the second (G2-ST20) and third (G3-ST25) with vertical steel bars spaced 20 and 25 mm, respectively. The probability of retaining DPS and HKE by length class in trawl nets with and without JTED was analysed using generalized additive mixed models. With G1-SM40, the reduction of undersized individuals in the cod-end was about 60% and 44% for DPS and HKE, respectively. With G2-ST20, a 34% catch decrease of HKE individuals smaller than 20 cm total length was observed. A loss of marketable fractions of DPS was recorded with G1-SM40 (–25%) and G2-ST20 (30%). Finally, JTD G3-ST25 was efficient at reducing the catch of undersized specimens of DPS and HKE, but showed a higher loss of marketable fractions than the other JTEDs. Although further fishing trials would be required to maximize the sorting efficiency of the grids, the results obtained clearly indicated that grids can substantially reduce unwanted catches of undersized DPS and HKE in Mediterranean bottom trawl fisheries.

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Ciulla, Daniel A., Andrew G. Wagner, Xinyue Liu, Courtney L. Cooper, Michael T. Jorgensen, Chunyu Wang, Puja Goyal, et al. "Sterol A-ring plasticity in hedgehog protein cholesterolysis supports a primitive substrate selectivity mechanism." Chemical Communications 55, no. 12 (2019): 1829–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8cc09729a.

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Chen, Lu, Yaqing Yang, Yang Gao, Nguyen Tronganh, Fang Chen, Mengna Lu, Yong Jiang, Zheng Jiao, and Bing Zhao. "Facile synthesis of ultrathin, undersized MoS2/graphene for lithium-ion battery anodes." RSC Advances 6, no. 102 (2016): 99833–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra19601b.

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Kraak, Sarah B. M., Stefanie Haase, Cóilín Minto, and Juan Santos. "The Rosa Lee phenomenon and its consequences for fisheries advice on changes in fishing mortality or gear selectivity." ICES Journal of Marine Science 76, no. 7 (June 30, 2019): 2179–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsz107.

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Abstract When size-selective fishing removes faster-growing individuals at higher rates than slower-growing fish, the surviving populations will become dominated by slower-growing individuals. When this “Rosa Lee phenomenon” is ignored, bias may occur in catch and stock projections. In a length-and-age-based model we quantified the effects through simulations of a simplified fishery on a stock that resembles Western Baltic cod. We compared outcomes of runs with and without taking account of the Rosa Lee phenomenon in scenarios of changes in fishing mortality. We found that, when only fishing rate was changed, the biases in predictions of spawning-stock biomass (SSB), yield and catches of undersized fish were relatively small (<10% in absolute values). When the selectivity parameters of the gear were increased, the bias in the prediction of the catches of undersized fish was very substantial (+120 to 160%). When the selectivity parameters were decreased, the biases in the predictions of SSB, yield and catches of undersized fish, were substantial (25–50% in absolute values). With slower mean growth the biases became more pronounced. We conclude that in short-term forecasts, medium-term projections, and MSE simulations featuring selectivity changes, the Rosa Lee phenomenon should be accounted for, ideally by using length-based models.

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Ju Yu, 鞠昱, 谢亮 Xie Liang, 韩威 Han Wei, and 孙可 Sun Ke. "Undersized humidity detecting system based on infrared spectrum absorption." High Power Laser and Particle Beams 23, no. 2 (2011): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/hplpb20112302.0363.

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Vokhmin, S. A., A. A. Kytmanov, G. P. Erlykov, E. V. Shevnina, G. S. Kurchin, and A. K. Kirsanov. "Prediction and Actual Oversized/Undersized Fragmentation in Underground Blasting." Journal of Mining Science 57, no. 2 (March 2021): 210–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062739121020058.

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Vokhmin, S. A., A. A. Kytmanov, G. P. Erlykov, E. V. Shevnina, G. S. Kurchin, and A. K. Kirsanov. "Prediction and Actual Oversized/Undersized Fragmentation in Underground Blasting." Физико-технические проблемы разработки полезных ископаемых, no. 2 (2021): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15372/ftprpi20210205.

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Ghoreishi, Mehrdad, Jamie M. Brown, Craig E. Stauffer, Cindi A. Young, Mary J. Byron, Bartley P. Griffith, and James S. Gammie. "Undersized Tricuspid Annuloplasty Rings Optimally Treat Functional Tricuspid Regurgitation." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 92, no. 1 (July 2011): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.03.024.

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Loi, Barbara, Ivan Guala, Rodrigo Pires da Silva, Gianni Brundu, Maura Baroli, and Simone Farina. "Hard time to be parents? Sea urchin fishery shifts potential reproductive contribution of population onto the shoulders of the young adults." PeerJ 5 (March 8, 2017): e3067. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3067.

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BackgroundIn Sardinia, as in other regions of the Mediterranean Sea, sustainable fisheries of the sea urchinParacentrotus lividushave become a necessity. At harvesting sites, the systematic removal of large individuals (diameter ≥ 50 mm) seriously compromises the biological and ecological functions of sea urchin populations. Specifically, in this study, we compared the reproductive potential of the populations from Mediterranean coastal areas which have different levels of sea urchin fishing pressure. The areas were located at Su Pallosu Bay, where pressure is high and Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo, a marine protected area where sea urchin harvesting is low.MethodsReproductive potential was estimated by calculating the gonadosomatic index (GSI) from June 2013 to May 2014 both for individuals of commercial size (diameter without spines, TD ≥ 50 mm) and the undersized ones with gonads (30 ≤ TD < 40 mm and 40 ≤ TD < 50 mm). Gamete output was calculated for the commercial-size class and the undersized individuals with fertile gonads (40 ≤ TD < 50 mm) in relation to their natural density (gamete output per m2).ResultsThe reproductive potential of populations was slightly different at the beginning of the sampling period but it progressed at different rates with an early spring spawning event in the high-pressure zone and two gamete depositions in early and late spring in the low-pressure zone. For each fertile size class, GSI values changed significantly during the year of our study and between the two zones. Although the multiple spawning events determined a two-fold higher total gamete output of population (popTGO) in the low-pressure zone, the population mean gamete output (popMGO) was similar in the two zones. In the high-pressure zone, the commercial-sized individuals represented approximatively 5% of the population, with almost all the individuals smaller than 60 mm producing an amount of gametes nearly three times lower than the undersized ones. Conversely, the high density of the undersized individuals released a similar amount of gametes to the commercial-size class in the low-pressure zone.DiscussionOverall, the lack of the commercial-size class in the high-pressure zone does not seem to be very alarming for the self-supporting capacity of the population, and the reproductive potential contribution seems to depend more on the total density of fertile sea urchins than on their size. However, since population survival in the high-pressure zone is supported by the high density of undersized sea urchins between 30 and 50 mm, management measures should be addressed to maintain these sizes and to shed light on the source of the larval supply.

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Dong, Yubo, and Daniel P. Hess. "The Effect of Thread Dimensional Conformance on Vibration-Induced Loosening." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 121, no. 2 (April 1, 1999): 209–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2893966.

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This paper presents the results from dynamic tests that investigate the effect of thread dimensional conformance of fasteners on vibration-induced loosening. Test specimens include combinations of bolts and nuts within dimensional conformance as specified by ASME Standard B1. 1-1992, as well as bolts with undersized pitch and major diameters and nuts with oversized pitch and minor diameters. Tests were performed using an inertial loaded compound cantilever beam apparatus that subjects the test fasteners to a vibration environment. Data from the tests show a significantly degraded resistance to vibration for the fastener combinations with undersized pitch and major bolt diameters or oversized pitch and minor nut diameters, compared to fastener combinations within conformance. Specifically, the lower 90 percent confidence limit for the time to failure for conforming specimens was 782 seconds compared to 8 to 29 seconds for nonconforming specimens.

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Miyake, Hiroya. "Anomalously Undersized Otoliths from Walleye Pollock Theragra chalcogramma." NIPPON SUISAN GAKKAISHI 58, no. 2 (1992): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.2331/suisan.58.361.

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J.Albarakati, Aiman. "The Trend of an Embedded Undersized Range Wireless Communication Technologies." International Journal of Computer Applications 118, no. 5 (May 20, 2015): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/20745-3132.

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Siefert, Andrew W., Eric L. Pierce, Madonna Lee, Morten Ø. Jensen, Chikashi Aoki, Satoshi Takebayashi, Joan Fernandez Esmerats, Robert C. Gorman, Joseph H. Gorman, and Ajit P. Yoganathan. "Suture Forces in Undersized Mitral Annuloplasty: Novel Device and Measurements." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 98, no. 1 (July 2014): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2014.02.036.

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Verdant, Alain, Arthur Pagé, and Richard Baillot. "Thromboembolism from undersized Dacron grafts in the descending thoracic aorta." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 48, no. 5 (November 1989): 686–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-4975(89)90791-1.

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Zheng, Yanyan, Fang Liu, Liang Guo, Tiefeng Wang, and Jinfu Wang. "Molecular size reforming of undersized and oversized polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers." RSC Advances 6, no. 81 (2016): 77116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra08255f.

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Bruschi, Giuseppe, Federico De Marco, Jacopo Oreglia, Paola Colombo, Alberto Barosi, Arturo Einaudi, Roberto Paino, Luigi Martinelli, and Silvio Klugmann. "Transcatheter Self-Expandable Aortic Valve Implantation After Undersized Mitral Annuloplasty." Annals of Thoracic Surgery 92, no. 5 (November 2011): 1881–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.athoracsur.2011.04.045.

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Mezzetti, Marzio, Peter Lindenberg, F. Rizzi, David Alfery, and Peter Szmuk. "Airway rescue using an “undersized” CobraPLA™ during cardiopulmonary resuscitation." Journal of Clinical Anesthesia 20, no. 5 (August 2008): 404–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2008.03.009.

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Markham, Benjamin E. "Undersized music ensemble rooms: Challenges and case study design approaches." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, no. 4 (October 2022): A22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015411.

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Music ensemble rooms require sufficient volume to develop adequate and appropriate reverberation, facilitate ensemble balance, and avoid excess loudness. Typical design practice begins with establishing minimum volume requirements based on expected ensemble sizes and types. When faced with inadequate room volume (e.g., due to existing building limitations, or otherwise), creative design solutions must be employed to achieve the best possible hearing conditions—and to avoid excess loudness in particular, which can be an occupational hazard for musicians. Case studies will illustrate a variety of design approaches: adding volume to existing spaces at the Crane School of Music (SUNY Potsdam), electronic reverberation enhancement (also at Crane), adding absorptive materials to an existing space and master-planning for larger spaces at Arkansas Tech, creative diffusive and absorptive material for the chorus rehearsal room at Boston Symphony Hall, and programming work to match ensembles to the most appropriate rooms available at a variety of educational institutions.

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Mao, Xue, Ying Bai, Jianyong Yu, and Bin Ding. "Insights into the flexibility of ZrMxOy (M = Na, Mg, Al) nanofibrous membranes as promising infrared stealth materials." Dalton Transactions 45, no. 15 (2016): 6660–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6dt00319b.

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An undersized dopant dependent brittle to flexible transition in ZrM_xO_y (M = Na, Mg, Al) nanofibrous membranes was revealed. Al doped zirconia nanofibrous membranes with an ultra-flexibility of 23 mN exhibit low infrared emissivity.

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Papenfuss, Kylara A., and Brent L. Black. "Regulated Deficit Irrigation of ‘Montmorency’ Tart Cherry." HortScience 45, no. 10 (October 2010): 1437–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.45.10.1437.

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Mature tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L. ‘Montmorency’) trees in a commercial orchard were subjected to irrigation deficits from pit hardening to harvest during the 2007 and 2008 seasons. Irrigation treatments ranged from 30% to 100% of a commercially managed application rate during the deficit period. Midday stem water potential measurements were significantly different among treatments before harvest. However, fresh weight yield at harvest did not differ significantly among irrigation treatments in either year (P = 0.64). In 2008, the amount of undersized fruit eliminated during packout was significantly higher in the treatments replacing 30% and 47% of the commercial irrigation level (P < 0.001), but only amounted to 2.0% and 1.4% of total yields, respectively. This small increase in undersized fruit did not significantly affect packout. Soluble solids concentration and chroma of intact fruit increased with the severity of the irrigation deficit and were inversely correlated with fruit water content.

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Yang, Bingzhong, Bent Herrmann, Lei Yan, Jie Li, and Teng Wang. "Comparing size selectivity and exploitation pattern of diamond-mesh codends for Southern velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis palmensis) in shrimp trawl fishery of the South China Sea." PeerJ 9 (November 2, 2021): e12436. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12436.

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In this study, size selectivity and exploitation pattern of six diamond-mesh codends with different mesh sizes, ranging from 25 to 54 mm, for Southern velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis palmensis) were tested and compared in a shrimp trawl fishery of the South China Sea (SCS). We used a codend with a mesh size of 25 mm (D25) as a starting point, which is the minimum mesh size (MMS) currently regulated in the studied area. Four different fishing population scenarios were applied to quantify and compare how mesh sizes of codends used would impact the size selectivity and exploitation pattern for the target shrimp species. The results demonstrated that the D25 codend was not proper for protecting juvenile shrimp at the studied area. By applying this legal codend, L50 (50% retention length) of the target shrimp species was below its minimum conservation reference size (MCRS, 7.0 cm total length), the retention probability of shrimp with a length of MCRS was above 95% CI [91–99] and more than 43% of undersized shrimp was retained. To mitigate the bycatch issue of undersized shrimp, increasing the mesh size in the diamond mesh codend is a simple and effective option. However, the loss of catch efficiency for marketable shrimp is a major concern while increasing the mesh size. A good compromise between releasing undersized shrimp and maintaining the legal individuals is manifested by using the codend with 35 mm mesh size (D35). Our study will be beneficial for the management of shrimp trawl fisheries in the SCS.

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Salik, Aysun Erbahceci, Hatem H. Selcuk, Hasanagha Zalov, Fatih Kilinc, Musa Cirak, and Batuhan Kara. "Medium-term results of undersized angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic high-grade intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis with Enterprise." Interventional Neuroradiology 25, no. 5 (April 16, 2019): 484–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1591019919832244.

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Purpose The aim of this retrospective study is to evaluate medium-term results of undersized balloon angioplasty and stenting for symptomatic high-grade (70–99%) stenosis of a major intracranial artery with Enterprise stent. Methods This study included 68 consecutive symptomatic (recurrent transient ischemic attack (TIA) or ischemic stroke under dual antiplatelet treatment) patients with high-grade (70–99%) stenosis of a major intracranial artery who were endovascularly treated with undersized balloon angioplasty and Enterprise stent deployment between July 2012 and December 2017. Primary outcomes were any stroke or death within 30 days after procedure. Secondary outcomes were technical success rates, stroke and restenosis during the follow-up period. Results A total of 68 lesions in 68 patients (mean age: 62 ± 7 years) were treated with a technical success rate of 99%. The degree of pre-procedural stenosis was 92 ± 6% and dropped to 12 ± 10% after stent deployment. No patient developed any stroke or death during the periprocedural period. Intracranial hemorrhage was observed in 1 (1.5%) patient. In 60 (88%) patients with available imaging follow-up in-stent restenosis was observed in 2 patients. Mean follow-up period was 22 ± 17 months (range 6–72) and none of the patients experienced recurrent TIA or stroke during the follow-up period. Conclusion In this retrospective single-center study undersized balloon angioplasty and deployment of a self-expandable stent with relatively low radial force was safe and effective for endovascular treatment of high-grade intracranial arterial stenosis with high technical success rate, low periprocedural complication rates and favorable medium-term follow-up results.

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Staedt, Henning, Diana Heimes, Karl M. Lehmann, Peter Ottl, Monika Bjelopavlovic, Wilfried Wagner, Bilal Al-Nawas, and Peer W. Kämmerer. "Does the Modification of the Apical Geometry of a Dental Implant Affect Its Primary Stability? A Comparative Ex Vivo Study." Materials 14, no. 7 (April 1, 2021): 1728. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14071728.

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(1) Background: Primary stability—one fundamental criterion for the success of dental implants—is influenced by implant geometry even if the effect of apical shape modifications on implant primary stability has not yet been examined. Therefore, the aim of the ex vivo study was to compare primary stability of implants differing in apically located screw threads (J-line) or a flat tip (K-line) only. (2) Methods: 28 implants of each group of the same diameter (4.3 mm) were randomly inserted into porcine bone blocks. The first group (9, 11 and 13 mm) was inserted into “hard”, the second (11 mm) into “soft” bone, here using a normal and an undersized drilling protocol. Insertion torque (Ncm), Periotest® value, resonance frequency (implant stability coefficient, ISQ) and push-out force (N) were measured. (3) Results: In “hard” bone, primary stability increased with increasing length in both groups but it was significantly higher in J-line (p < 0.03). An undersized preparation of the implant bed in “soft” bone resulted in a significant increase in primary stability in both groups. Here, J-line also showed a significantly increased primary stability when compared to equally prepared K-line (insertion torque: 37 Ncm vs. 26 Ncm; Periotest®: −6.5 vs. −4.3; push-out force: 365 N vs. 329 N; p < 0.05 each). (4) Conclusions: Primary stability is significantly higher with increasing implant length and apically located screw threads as well as with undersized drilling protocols. When preparing the implant site and subsequently selecting the implant system, modifying factors such as implant geometry (also at the tip) should be taken into account.

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de Carvalho Formiga, Márcio, Arthur Felipe Gehrke, João Paulo De Bortoli, and Sergio Alexandre Gehrke. "Can the design of the instruments used for undersized osteotomies influence the initial stability of implants installed in low-density bone? An in vitro pilot study." PLOS ONE 16, no. 10 (October 7, 2021): e0257985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0257985.

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Objectives The aims of this study were to compare the initial implant stability obtained using four different osteotomy techniques in low-density synthetic bone, to evaluate the instrument design in comparison to the implant design, and to determinate a possible correlation between the insertion torque and initial stability quotient (ISQ). Materials and methods Four groups were identified in accordance with the osteotomy technique used (n = 10 implants per group): group G1, osteotomy using the recommended drilling sequence; group G2, osteotomy using an undersized compactor drill; group G3, osteotomy using an undersized drill; and group G4, osteotomy using universal osseodensification drills. Two polyurethane blocks were used: block 1, with a medullary portion of 10 pounds per cubic foot (PCF 10) and with a 1 mm cortical portion of PCF 40, and block 2, with a medullary of PCF 15 and with a 2 mm cortical portion of PCF 40. Tapered implants of 4 mm in diameter and 11 mm in length were used. The insertion torque (IT) and ISQ were measured. The dimensions of the final instrument used in each group and the dimensions of the implant were used to calculate the total area of each part, and these data were compared. Results Differences between the four groups were found for IT and ISQ values depending on the technique used for the osteotomy in the two synthetic bone models (p < 0.0001). All groups showed lower values of initial stability in block 1 than in block 2. Conclusions Undersized osteotomies with instruments designed according to the implant body significantly increased the initial stability values compared to beds prepared with universal drills and using the drilling sequence standardized by the manufacturer.

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Soetaert, Maarten, Heleen Lenoir, and Bart Verschueren. "Reducing bycatch in beam trawls and electrotrawls with (electrified) benthos release panels." ICES Journal of Marine Science 73, no. 9 (June 19, 2016): 2370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsw096.

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Abstract Benthos release panels (BRPs) are known for their capacity to release large amounts of unwanted benthos and debris, which can decrease mortality on these animals and eases the on board sorting process aboard demersal beam trawlers. They can reduce the bycatch of undersized fish, which is desired once the European discard ban is implemented. However, unacceptable commercial losses of sole (Solea solea L.) and damage to the BRP as a consequence of suboptimal and unsuitable rigging in the traditional beam trawl with chain mat, is hampering a successful introduction in commercial beam-trawl fisheries. To eliminate these drawbacks, square-meshed BRPs with different mesh sizes (150, 200, and 240 mm) were rigged in a trawl with square net design as used in electrotrawls and tested for selectivity. In addition to this, the effect of electric stimulation at the height of the BRP to eliminate the loss of commercial sole was examined. According to our observations, no abrasion of the net attributable to suboptimal rigging occurred in any of the BRPs tested. The catch comparisons showed significant release of benthos and undersized fish in all panel mesh sizes, but there was always a significant loss of marketable sole in the 150, 200, and 240 mm BRPs. Adding a 80 Hz electric cramp stimulus to the BRP, resulted in equal catches of sole larger than 25 cm as the standard net, without negatively affecting the release of benthos and most undersized commercial fish. This clearly demonstrates the promising potential of electrified BRPs (eBRPs), but further optimization by using smaller BRP mesh sizes or optimized electric stimuli is warranted to retain all marketable sole.

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STUDENT. "THE SCRABBLING FOR RECOGNITION RESULTS IN TOO MANY UNDERSIZED CLINICAL TRIALS." Pediatrics 88, no. 5 (November 1, 1991): 1023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.88.5.1023.

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. . . medical journals are cluttered with inconclusive, contradictory trials of small size from which it is almost impossible to make generalisations for clinical practice. Many important clinical questions would be answered quickly and efficiently if the junior doctors currently scrabbling for research publications could be allowed to turn their efforts to multicentre trials.

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McGarvey, J., D. Zhang, W. R. T. Witschey, N. Kondo, C. Aoki, M. J. Gillespie, J. H. Gorman, and R. C. Gorman. "139 * LEFT VENTRICULAR FOUR-DIMENSIONAL FLOW CHANGES FOLLOWING UNDERSIZED MITRAL ANNULOPLASTY." Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery 19, suppl 1 (September 23, 2014): S42—S43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icvts/ivu276.139.

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Takamura, S., T. Aruga, M. Kobiyama, and K. Nakata. "Computer calculation for interstitial-undersized-solute complexes in an FCC metal." Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 1, no. 28 (July 17, 1989): 4527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/1/28/004.

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Schreiber, Robert. "Solving Eigenvalue and Singular Value Problems on an Undersized Systolic Array." SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing 7, no. 2 (April 1986): 441–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1137/0907029.

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Weese, Donald L., and Philippe E. Zimmern. "Corporeal Perforation or Undersized Prosthesis? The Role of Corpus Cavernosum Endoscopy." Journal of Urology 144, no. 3 (September 1990): 714–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39563-0.

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Pechenkin, V. A., and I. A. Stepanov. "Modeling the Radiation-Induced Segregation of Undersized Solutes Near Grain Boundaries." Materials Science Forum 294-296 (November 1998): 771–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.294-296.771.

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Tabassum, Afsheen, Gert J. Meijer, X. Frank Walboomers, and John A. Jansen. "Biological limits of the undersized surgical technique: a study in goats." Clinical Oral Implants Research 22, no. 2 (October 6, 2010): 129–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0501.2010.02016.x.

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Crapo, Charles, and Brian Himelbloom. "Quality and Stability of Mince from Undersized Rock Sole (Lepidopsetta bilineata)." Journal of Aquatic Food Product Technology 2, no. 4 (May 5, 1994): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j030v02n04_04.

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Mather, Paul J., Valluvan Jeevanandam, Howard J. Eisen, Ileana L. Piña, Kenneth B. Margulies, James McClurken, Satoshi Furakawa, and Alfred A. Bove. "Functional and morphologic adaptation of undersized donor hearts after heart transplantation." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 26, no. 3 (September 1995): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0735-1097(95)00216-q.

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Stocchero, Michele, Yohei Jinno, Marco Toia, Ryo Jimbo, Chunwoo Lee, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Satoshi Imazato, and Jonas P. Becktor. "In silico multi-scale analysis of remodeling peri-implant cortical bone: a comparison of two types of bone structures following an undersized and non-undersized technique." Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials 103 (March 2020): 103598. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103598.

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Lee, Kun-Yu, David Yen-Ting Chen, Hui-Ling Hsu, Chi-Jen Chen, and Ying-Chi Tseng. "Undersized angioplasty and stenting of symptomatic intracranial tight stenosis with Enterprise: Evaluation of clinical and vascular outcome." Interventional Neuroradiology 22, no. 2 (November 4, 2015): 187–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1591019915609165.

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Background Severe intracranial arterial stenosis results in more than 10% incidence of stroke and transient ischemic attack. Using undersized angioplasty with off-label closed-cell Enterprise stent may be a feasible alternative option for treating patients with intracranial atherosclerotic disease who fail dual-antiplatelet medical therapy. The results of the authors’ study are presented in this paper. Materials and methods Between January 2013 and July 2014, 24 symptomatic patients with a total of 30 intracranial arterial stenotic lesions refractory to medical therapy, who underwent undersized angioplasty and Enterprise stenting, were retrospectively reviewed in the authors’ institution. The results evaluated include technical success rate, clinical outcome measured as modified Rankin Scale at presentation and follow-up, peri-procedural morbidity within 30 days and 1 year, and follow-up vessel patency. Results Stent deployment was successfully achieved in all stenotic lesions (30/30). Mean pre-stent and post-stent diameter residual stenosis was 81% and 18%, respectively. The peri-procedural complication rate during 30 days after stenting was 10% per lesion (3/30), including intracranial hemorrhage, in-stent thrombosis and ischemic stroke. No further thromboembolic event or complication occurred in any patient more than 30 days after stenting. Modified Rankin scale ≤ 2 was observed in 64% and 83% of patients at initial presentation and follow-up (mean 15.8 months), respectively. Imaging follow-up was available in 17 of 24 patients (70.8%) and 20 of 30 treated lesions (66.6%) with a mean follow-up period of 15.4 months. Only one asymptomatic in-stent restenosis occurred in 20 available lesions (5.0%). Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that using undersized angioplasty and Enterprise stenting may effectively treat high-degree symptomatic intracranial arterial stenosis with favorable clinical and angiographic outcome.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Undersized'

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