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1
Jing, Yan Dong, Long Cang Shu, Ming Jiang Deng, Emmanuel Kwame Appiah-Adjei, Shuai Ling Zhang, Xiao Hui Wang, and Ping He. "Optimal Operation of Underground Reservoir in Tailan River Basin." Applied Mechanics and Materials 212-213 (October 2012): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.212-213.88.
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Tailan river basin is a typical drought river basin in northwest China where construction of underground reservoirs is approved as an effective way to solve the problem of water resource shortage in the river basin. In order to ensure water supply efficiency of the underground reservoirs of the basin, it is necessary to research their recharge and supply patterns and to optimally operate them. This paper has, therefore, investigated different recharge locations and recharge ways through numerical simulation of underground flow in an underground reservoir area of the basin to explore a typical scheduling plan for optimal operation of the reservoir. The results show that it is better to recharge the reservoir using the flood season recharge approach at the centre of the reservoir area to ensure its continuous operation. Following from this recharge process, the use of a three-well pumping scheme is regarded as the best choice for optimal water supply from the reservoir. Also, the study indicates that for the same recharge amount, if the recharge time is closer to the pumping peak, then there is the more obvious effect of underground level recovery; the recovery is much better if the recharge time is more concentrated.
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Pujades, Estanislao, Philippe Orban, Pierre Archambeau, Vasileios Kitsikoudis, Sebastien Erpicum, and Alain Dassargues. "Underground Pumped-Storage Hydropower (UPSH) at the Martelange Mine (Belgium): Interactions with Groundwater Flow." Energies 13, no. 9 (May 8, 2020): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13092353.
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Underground pumped-storage hydropower (UPSH) is a promising technology to manage the electricity production in flat regions. UPSH plants consist of an underground and surface reservoirs. The energy is stored by pumping water from the underground to the surface reservoir and is produced by discharging water from the surface to the underground reservoir. The underground reservoir can be drilled, but a more efficient alternative, considered here, consists in using an abandoned mine. Given that mines are rarely waterproofed, there are concerns about the consequences (on the efficiency and the environment) of water exchanges between the underground reservoir and the surrounding medium. This work investigates numerically such water exchanges and their consequences. Numerical models are based on a real abandoned mine located in Belgium (Martelange slate mine) that is considered as a potential site to construct an UPSH plant. The model integrates the geometrical complexity of the mine, adopts an operation scenario based on actual electricity prices, simulates the behavior of the system during one year and considers two realistic scenarios of initial conditions with the underground reservoir being either completely full or totally drained. The results show that (1) water exchanges may have important consequences in terms of efficiency and environmental impacts, (2) the influence of the initial conditions is only relevant during early times, and (3), an important factor controlling the water exchanges and their consequences may be the relative location of the natural piezometric head with respect the underground reservoir.
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Sudinda, Teddy W. "Analisa Air Bawah Tanah pada Lokasi Tambang Batubara Tanah Laut Kalimantan Selatan." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT (CESD) 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/cesd.v4i1.9541.
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<p> </p><p class="BodyAbstract">The impact of coal mining will produce a reservoir due to cutting and excavation from the mined area. If it is left without any effort to improve the environment due to mining it will have an impact on the surrounding environment. Research conducted by the author to determine the effect that occurs with a reservoir due to coal mining in the surrounding area. Based on measurements using the geoelectric method, it can be seen the condition of the soil layer in the reservoir and surrounding areas so that it can be estimated the movement of underground water in the aquifer layer. By using a piezometer around the reservoir it can be seen the change in the level of the underground water level at a certain time and the water level in the reservoir is measured in elevation so that it can be predicted the flow direction that occurs. From the results of the study obtained the underground water level has a greater value than the water level in the reservoir, especially in the rainy season. This activity is the initial stage of the study to determine the effect of the reservoir on underground water conservation. For the next stage measurements are needed throughout the year by installing logers so that data can be recorded automatically digitally and doing model simulations using Modflow software to predict the effect of reservoirs on underground water conservation in the long.</p>
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Sun, Ya, Shi Guo Xu, Ping Ping Kang, Yan Zhao Fu, and Tian Xiang Wang. "Impacts of Artificial Underground Reservoir on Groundwater Environment in the Reservoir and Downstream Area." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 11 (May 30, 2019): 1921. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16111921.
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Artificial underground reservoirs have changed the hydrological cycle from its natural condition. This modification may trigger a series of negative environmental effects both at the local and regional levels. This study investigated the impact of the Wanghe artificial underground reservoir on groundwater flow and quality in the reservoir and its downstream area. Wanghe is a typical artificial underground reservoir scheme in China, which assumes the dual function of fresh-water preservation and control of seawater intrusion. The groundwater flow pattern has changed after the reservoir construction, and the water level in the reservoir rose rapidly. Evaluation of long-term groundwater level fluctuation suggested that the reservoir deprived the downstream aquifer of the runoff, which it received under the natural flow regime. A preliminary isotopic evaluation using 3H was developed to understand the groundwater flow and renewal rates in the study area. The uniform distribution of tritium levels in the reservoir indicated that the stored water was well-mixed in both horizontal and vertical directions. The intervention on groundwater circulation also made differences in groundwater renewal rates between stored and downstream water. Field investigations on groundwater nitrogen pollution showed that the construction of the artificial underground reservoir resulted in nitrate accumulation in the stored water. Agriculturally derived nitrate was the largest contributor, and
NO
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concentration varied considerably over time due to fertilization and irrigation activities, rainfall, and denitrification.
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-N distributed homogeneously in the reservoir, which was attributed to the construction of the subsurface dam, land use pattern and artificial groundwater flow.
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Kitsikoudis, Vasileios, Pierre Archambeau, Benjamin Dewals, Estanislao Pujades, Philippe Orban, Alain Dassargues, Michel Pirotton, and Sebastien Erpicum. "Underground Pumped-Storage Hydropower (UPSH) at the Martelange Mine (Belgium): Underground Reservoir Hydraulics." Energies 13, no. 14 (July 8, 2020): 3512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13143512.
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The intermittent nature of most renewable energy sources requires their coupling with an energy storage system, with pumped storage hydropower (PSH) being one popular option. However, PSH cannot always be constructed due to topographic, environmental, and societal constraints, among others. Underground pumped storage hydropower (UPSH) has recently gained popularity as a viable alternative and may utilize abandoned mines for the construction of the lower reservoir in the underground. Such underground mines may have complex geometries and the injection/pumping of large volumes of water with high discharge could lead to uneven water level distribution over the underground reservoir subparts. This can temporarily influence the head difference between the upper and lower reservoirs of the UPSH, thus affecting the efficiency of the plant or inducing structural stability problems. The present study considers an abandoned slate mine in Martelange in Southeast Belgium as the lower, underground, reservoir of an UPSH plant and analyzes its hydraulic behavior. The abandoned slate mine consists of nine large chambers with a total volume of about 550,000 m3, whereas the maximum pumping and turbining discharges are 22.2 m3/s. The chambers have different size and they are interconnected with small galleries with limited discharge capacity that may hinder the flow exchange between adjacent chambers. The objective of this study is to quantify the effect of the connecting galleries cross-section and the chambers adequate aeration on the water level variations in the underground reservoir, considering a possible operation scenario build upon current electricity prices and using an original hydraulic modelling approach. The results highlight the importance of adequate ventilation of the chambers in order to reach the same equilibrium water level across all communicating chambers. For fully aerated chambers, the connecting galleries should have a total cross-sectional area of at least 15 m2 to allow water flow through them without significant restrictions and maintain similar water level at all times. Partially aerated chambers do not attain the same water level because of the entrapped air; however, the maximum water level differences between adjacent chambers remain relatively invariant when the total cross-sectional area of the connecting galleries is greater than 8 m2. The variation of hydraulic roughness of the connecting galleries affects the water exchange through small connecting galleries but is not very influential on water moving through galleries with large cross-sections.
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Yan, B., Y. Xie, C. J. Guo, and C. S. Zhao. "Analysis of the impact of Shifosi Reservoir water level on underground water." Journal of Water and Climate Change 9, no. 2 (March 29, 2018): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2018.057.
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Abstract Shifosi Reservoir is a plain reservoir. High groundwater level in the nearby area caused by impoundment of the reservoir has not only submerged the nearby farmland and village, but also reduced production and affected farmers' living. To analyze the influence of reservoir impoundment on surrounding groundwater level, Visual MODFLOW software was used to simulate the groundwater in Zhujiapu and Chenpingpu areas on the right auxiliary dam of Shifosi Reservoir. Results show that with the rise of the reservoir water level from 45.5 m to 46.2 m and 46.5 m, the area under the critical groundwater table (45 m) in the study area decreased in turn. In 2008, when the reservoir water level was 46.2 m and 46.5 m, the area under the critical groundwater level was reduced by 0.64 km2 and 0.84 km2, respectively, compared with the case of reservoir water level of 45.5 m, and would decrease by 0.38 km2 and 0.45 km2, respectively, by 2022. This indicates that the impact of reservoir impoundment on groundwater level is great. Therefore, relief wells or drainage ditches should be arranged along the auxiliary dam axis to effectively lower the groundwater level, and improve the surrounding ecological environment of the reservoir.
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Pujades, Estanislao, Philippe Orban, Pierre Archambeau, Sebastien Erpicum, and Alain Dassargues. "Numerical study of the Martelange mine to be used as underground reservoir for constructing an Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower plant." Advances in Geosciences 45 (July 27, 2018): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-51-2018.
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Abstract. Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower (UPSH) using abandoned mines has been considered as a potential high capacity Energy Storage Systems. In UPSH plants, the excess of electricity is stored in the form of potential energy by pumping water from an underground reservoir (abandoned mine in this paper) to a surface reservoir, while electricity is produced (when the demand increases) discharging water from the surface into the underground reservoir. The main concerns may arise from the water exchanges occurring between the underground reservoir and the surrounding medium, which are relevant in terms of environmental impact and UPSH efficiency. Although the role of the water exchanges has been previously addressed, most studies are based on synthetic models. This work focuses on a real abandoned slate mine located in Martelange (Belgium). The effects of different rehabilitation works to prepare the mine as an underground reservoir are assessed in terms of groundwater exchanges and their associated consequences.
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Feyzullayev, A. A., and A. G. Gojayev. "Influence of geological reservoir heterogeneity on exploitation conditions of Garadagh field / underground gas storage (Azerbaijan)." Gornye nauki i tekhnologii = Mining Science and Technology (Russia) 6, no. 2 (July 14, 2021): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/2500-0632-2021-2-105-113.
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Underground oil and gas reservoirs (formations) are characterized by spatial variability of their structure, material composition and petrophysical properties of its constituent rocks: particle size distribution, porosity, permeability, structure and texture of the pore space, carbonate content, electrical resistivity, oil and water saturation and other properties. When assessing development and exploitation conditions for underground gas storages, created in depleted underground oil and gas reservoirs, the inherited nature of the reservoir development should be taken into account. Therefore, identifying the features of variations in well productivity is a crucial task, solution of which can contribute to the creation of more efficient system for underground gas storage exploitation. The paper presents the findings of comparative analysis of spatial variations in well productivity during the exploitation of the Garadagh underground gas storage (Azerbaijan), created in the depleted gas condensate reservoir. An uneven nature of the variations in well productivity was established, which was connected with the reservoir heterogeneity (variations in the reservoir lithological composition and poroperm properties). The research was based on the analysis of spatial variations of a number of reservoir parameters: the reservoir net thickness, lithological composition and poroperm properties. The analysis of variations in the net thickness and poroperm properties of the VII horizon of the Garadagh gas condensate field was carried out based on the data of geophysical logging of about 40 wells and studying more than 90 core samples. The data on of more than 90 wells formed the basis for the spacial productivity variation analysis. The analysis of productivity variation in the space of well technological characteristics (based on data from 18 wells) in the Garadagh underground gas storage (UGS) was carried out through the example of the volume of cyclic gas injection and withdrawal in 2020–2021 season. The studies allowed revealing non-uniform spacial variations in the volumes of injected and withdrawn gas at the Garadagh UGS, created in the corresponding depleted gas condensate reservoir. The features of the UGS exploitation conditions are in good agreement with the features of the reservoir development conditions (variations in the well productivity). The inherited nature of the reservoir development and the underground gas storage exploitation is substantiated by the reservoir heterogeneity caused by the spatial variability of the reservoir lithological composition and poroperm properties. Assessing and taking into account the reservoir heterogeneity when designing underground gas storage exploitation conditions should be an important prerequisite for increasing UGS exploitation efficiency.
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Kurchikov, A. R., and M. V. Vashurina. "ASPECTS OF ECOLOGY SAFETY AT OPERATING THE FRESH GROUND WATERS INTAKE FACILITIES FOR RESERVOIR PRESSURE MAINTENANCE PURPOSES IN OIL FIELDS OF WEST SIBERIA." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (February 28, 2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2016-1-21-27.
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The aspects of ecology safety related to operation of underground fresh waters intake facilities aimed at maintenance of reservoir pressure at development of oil fields are discussed in the article. When speaking about a change of the fresh underground waters state in the process of their use the authors imply the produced water quality degradation (pollution of productive water-bearing intervals); lowering of the water level in the reservoir (damage of hydrodynamic conditions, depression cone formation). The main, most significant factors determining the change, mentioned above, include inadequacy to meet the normative requirements toward the technical condition of wells of different purposes and the adjacent territory, absence of systematic control of the produced water quality and the impact of the produced fluid (water, oil, gas) quantity on the level conditions of the underground fresh waters. The suggested ways for optimization of these factors and the methods of control will permit to improve the ecology safety of the discussed above waters use.
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Cao, Jie, Baoyuan Yuan, and Yun Bai. "Simulation Study on Image Characteristics of Typical GPR Targets in Water Conservancy Projects." Geofluids 2021 (March 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5550620.
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With the development of the global economy, the deep leakage of reservoirs is still a serious threat to the foundation construction of key water conservancy projects such as dam foundations and bridges. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) is an effective underground imaging and detection technology. In this paper, the Groundvue series of ground penetrating radars is introduced in Britain using the 948 project fund of the Ministry of Water Resources. It is a radar with the lowest frequency in the world at present, improving detection depths and helping to ensure the reliability of a reservoir dam’s foundation. Through a large number of field tests, simulation experiments, FDTD numerical simulations, and practical engineering applications, this paper summarizes the reservoir leakage analysis method based on the Groundvue radar. The successful application at the Nanmenxia Reservoir shows that this method can effectively detect the location and path of reservoir leakage and provide technical support for the design and construction of a reservoir reinforcement project.
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Menéndez, Javier, and Jorge Loredo. "Numerical modelling of water subsurface reservoirs during the operation phase in underground pumped storage hydropower plants." E3S Web of Conferences 152 (2020): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015202001.
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Underground pumped storage hydropower (UPSH) plants may be an alternative to store subsurface energy with lower environmental impacts than conventional pumped storage hydropower (PSH) plants. Network of tunnels in closed mines (i.e. coal mines) could be used as water lower reservoir of UPSH plants. The amount of storable energy depends on the water mass and the net head between upper and lower reservoirs. Depending on the direction of the water flow rate, pumping or turbine modes may be used to produce or consume electrical energy. Filling and emptying processes during the operation stage in the underground reservoir are complicated due to the presence of two fluids (water and air) interacting inside the network of tunnels. This paper explores the underground reservoir during the operation stage considering a water flow rate of 55 m3s-1. Two-phase three dimensional CFD numerical models using Ansys Fluent have been developed in order to know the behaviour of the air flow on tunnels and ventilation shaft. Static pressure and air velocity have been analyzed in the simulations at the exit of the ventilation shaft as well as the junction zone between the ventilation shaft and the tunnels network. The results obtained show that a static pressure up to 8,600 Pa and air velocities up to 80 m s-1 could be reached in turbine mode considering a vent shaft with 1 m in diameter. The static pressure increases up to 258,000 Pa if a ventilation shaft of 0.5 m in diameter is considered.
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Tian, Yong, Jianzhi Xiong, Xin He, Xuehui Pi, Shijie Jiang, Feng Han, and Yi Zheng. "Joint Operation of Surface Water and Groundwater Reservoirs to Address Water Conflicts in Arid Regions: An Integrated Modeling Study." Water 10, no. 8 (August 19, 2018): 1105. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10081105.
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At the basin scale, the operation of surface water reservoirs rarely takes groundwater aquifers into consideration, which can also be regarded as reservoirs underground. This study investigates the impact of reservoir operation on the water cycle and evaluates the effect of the joint operation of surface water and groundwater reservoirs on the water conflict in arid regions through an integrated modeling approach. The Heihe River Basin (HRB) in northwestern China is selected as the study area. Our results show that the ecological operational strategies of a reservoir under construction in the upper HRB have a direct impact on the agricultural water uses and consequently affect other hydrological processes. The ecological operation strategy with a smaller water release and a longer duration is beneficial to securing the environmental flow towards the downstream area and to replenishing aquifers. With the joint operation of surface water and groundwater reservoirs, a balance among the agriculture water need, the groundwater sustainability in the Middle HRB and the ecological water need in the Lower HRB can be flexibly achieved. However, the joint operation can hardly improve the three aspects simultaneously. To resolve the water conflict in HRB, additional engineering and/or policy measures are desired.
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Huang, Shu Jun, Hui Zhang, Cui Juan Shang, and Shu Long Jing. "Key Technologies of Rebuilding Underground Natural Gas Storages from Carbonate Buried Hill Gas Reservoirs." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1561–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1561.
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In this paper, according to research difficulties of rebuilding underground natural gas storages from carbonate buried hill gas reservoirs, we select a variety of relevant technologies and methods to study. Considering the reservoir geologic features geology, the impact of water intrusion, the difference of reserve calculations and many other factors, we carry out the research and determine the key parameters of rebuilding underground natural gas storages, and finally get a reasonable understanding of the study. Upon completion of large-scale gas storage for research results, further to form the distinctive key technologies of rebuilding underground natural gas storages from carbonate buried hill gas reservoirs. The research results will provide the appropriate technical reference for similar future rebuilding underground gas storages and also provide the technical assurance for a safe and stable gas supply to Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei region.
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Zhang, Cun, Fangtian Wang, and Qingsheng Bai. "Underground space utilization of coalmines in China: A review of underground water reservoir construction." Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 107 (January 2021): 103657. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103657.
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Pujades, Estanislao, Anna Jurado, Philippe Orban, and Alain Dassargues. "Hydrochemical changes induced by underground pumped storage hydropower: influence of aquifer parameters in coal mine environments." Advances in Geosciences 45 (July 26, 2018): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-45-2018.
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Abstract. Underground pumped storage hydropower (UPSH) induces hydrochemical changes when water evolves to reach equilibrium with the atmosphere (in the surface reservoir) and with the surrounding medium (in the underground reservoir). These hydrochemical changes may impact the environment and the efficiency of the system (i.e., the UPSH plant), especially in coal mine environments where the presence of sulphide minerals is common. For this reason, it is needed to assess the variables that control the behavior of the system in order to establish criteria for the selection of abandoned mines to be used as underground reservoirs in future UPSH plants. Coupled hydro-chemical numerical models are used for investigating the influence of hydraulic parameters on the hydrochemical changes when pyrite is present in the surrounding medium. Results show the role of the hydraulic conductivity and the porosity on the system behavior, which is helpful for selecting those abandoned mines where the hydrochemical changes and their associated consequences will be less.
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Gan, Haonan, Guiling Wang, Xiao Wang, Wenjing Lin, and Gaofan Yue. "Research on the Hydrochemistry and Fault Control Mechanism of Geothermal Water in Northwestern Zhangzhou Basin." Geofluids 2019 (August 14, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3925462.
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The Zhangzhou Basin (ZB) is one of the most important hydrothermal regions in the southeast coast of China, with abundant underground thermal water resources. The hydrothermal region is located within widely scattered acid igneous rocks. Because of the low permeability of granitoids, the geothermal water flow is strongly controlled by fault structures. Previous studies mainly focused on the center of ZB and provided little understanding on the geochemistry and fault controlling mechanism of peripheral areas of the basin. In this study, the chemical compounds and elements of both thermal and cold underground waters of the Northwestern Zhangzhou Basin (NZB) were tested. Using cluster analysis, geochemical analysis, chemical geothermometers, silica vs. enthalpy mixing model, and structural interpretation of remote sensing, this study found that the thermal water in the research area mixes with shallow cold water in different proportions. The reservoir temperature ranges from 106°C to 147°C and differs between different sides of the Tianbao-Jinshan Fault (TJF) due to fault control. The difference in the circulation depth of underground thermal water causes this reservoir temperature disparity. The circulation depth of underground thermal water in research area ranges from 3.65 km to 5.44 km, which means the circulation depth of thermal water of the northwestern area is deeper than that of the central area of the basin.
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Yao, Qiangling, Chuanjin Tang, Ze Xia, Xiaoli Liu, Liu Zhu, Zhaohui Chong, and Xindong Hui. "Mechanisms of failure in coal samples from underground water reservoir." Engineering Geology 267 (March 2020): 105494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2020.105494.
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De Feo, G., S. De Gisi, C. Malvano, and O. De Biase. "The greatest water reservoirs in the ancient Roman world and the “Piscina Mirabilis” in Misenum." Water Supply 10, no. 3 (July 1, 2010): 350–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2010.106.
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The aim of the present study was to investigate the greatest water reservoirs in the ancient Roman world and, in particular, the “Piscina Mirabilis” in Misenum, in Southern Italy. In our study, we considered the reservoirs with a volume in the order of thousands of cubic metres, storing flowing water, set low in the ground or actually underground, and roofed over. In general, a Roman aqueduct was not built to provide drinking water, nor to promote hygiene, but either to supply the baths or for military aims. As a matter of fact, the population of Rome at the end of the 1st century AD had an average water supply of 1,550 L/d per capita especially used for baths. This circumstance required reservoirs of huge capacity. The reservoir of the Baths of Caracalla in Rome could contain over 80,000 m3 of water. The use of columns in a Roman reservoir was introduced in the ancient Constantinopolis and the Yerebatan Saray with a maximum capacity of almost 85,000 cubic metres can be considered the biggest Roman reservoir. While for military aims, the Piscina Mirabilis in Misenum can be considered the biggest Roman resevoirs used for military aims ever known until now (provide the Classis Praetoria Misenensis) with a volumetric capacity of 12,600 m3 of water.
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Ding, Yu Sheng, Shuang Yan Chen, Jun Xie, Ju Biao Zhou, and Li Yao Li. "The Remaining Oil Distribution and Main Controlling Factor Analysis of Inefficient Reserves in Complex Fault Block." Advanced Materials Research 915-916 (April 2014): 1128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.915-916.1128.
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Inefficient reserves in fault block belongs to low permeability thin interbed, thus water flooding development process has exposed many contradictions which are serious heterogeneity, large difference of suction of interlayer. Entering the water injection development, the injected water which rapidly advance along the high permeability channel causes water channeling and water flooding, which intenses development contradictions between layers. The reservoir numerical simulation technology on computer can reappear the movement of water and gas in the underground reservoir development process and describes the underground remaining oil distribution of inefficient reserves in complex fault block, which summarizes the remaining oil distribution rule of the water flooding development for complex fault block of inefficient reserves and provides basis for the establishment of oil field development adjustment scheme.
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Gao, Bole, Fei Tian, Renfang Pan, Wenhao Zheng, Rong Li, Tianjun Huang, and Yisheng Liu. "Hydrothermal Dolomite Paleokarst Reservoir Development in Wolonghe Gasfield, Sichuan Basin, Revealed by Seismic Characterization." Water 12, no. 2 (February 20, 2020): 579. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12020579.
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Hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoir is a type of porous carbonate reservoir, which has a secondary porosity and can store a large amount of oil and gas underground. The reservoir is formed by magnesium-rich hydrothermal fluids during the karstification and later stages of the transformation. Due to the strong heterogeneity and thin thickness of hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoirs, it is a real challenge to characterize the spatial distribution of the reservoirs. In this paper, we studied the hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoir in the Wolonghe gasfield of the eastern Sichuan Basin. First, based on detailed observations of core samples, the characteristics and storage space types of the dolomite reservoir were described. Secondly, the petrophysical parameters of the paleokarst reservoirs were analyzed, and then the indicator factor for the dolomite reservoirs was established. Thirdly, using the time–depth conversion method, the geological characteristics near boreholes were connected with a three-dimensional (3D) seismic dataset. Several petrophysical parameters were predicted by prestack synchronous inversion technology, including the P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, P-wave impedance, and the hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoir indicator factor. Finally, the hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoirs were quantitatively predicted, and their distribution model was built. The 3D geophysical characterization approach improves our understanding of hydrothermal dolomite paleokarst reservoirs, and can also be applied to other similar heterogeneous reservoirs.
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Wang, Xiao Ju, Hai Tao Mao, Hua Xiang He, and Dong Guo Shao. "Study on Seepage Control Measures of Plain Reservoirs Based on Soil Salinization after Dam." Applied Mechanics and Materials 511-512 (February 2014): 805–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.511-512.805.
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Agricultural ecosystem is fragile exceedingly in northwest arid area, the areas of land salinization and desertification account for more than one-third of the country, which is further increasing.However, reservoirs in mountain areas are further from farmland, whats more, high cost of conveyance and great loss need to build considerable the type of plain in injection reservoirs to meet the development of industry and agriculture, such is the case that the number of constructing many plain reservoirs has gone up to 578 so far in Xinjiang. But plain reservoirs shallow water depth, length of spur, high permeable depth of foundation, evaporation and leakage are both high.Plain reservoir leakage lifted the underground water level of the dam after large area of land, salt with water, the land salinization dam after ecological problems, such as more and more serious. As the An Jihai set reservoir as an example, for more than 50 years of operation, the down stream of the dam over 50kilometers of land are white the salinization of sights, many cultivated lands have been deserted.Therefore, we need to improve and solve the problems existing in the plain reservoir from the source to solve the leakage caused groundwater problems is necessary.
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Appiah-Adjei, Emmanuel Kwame, Long Cang Shu, Kwaku Amaning Adjei, and Cheng Peng Lu. "Evaluation of Climate Change Impact on Sustainability of Tailan Underground Reservoir in China." Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (August 2013): 3249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3249.
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In order to ensure availability of water throughout the year in the Tailan River basin of northwestern China, an underground reservoir has been constructed in the basin to augment the groundwater resource and efficiently utilize it. This study investigates the potential impact of future climate change on the reservoir by assessing its influence on sustainability of recharge sources to the reservoir. The methods employed involved using a combined Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) and Long Ashton Research Station Weather Generator (LARS-WG) to downscale the climate variations of the basin from a global climate model and applying them through a simple soil water balance to quantify their impact on recharge to the reservoir. The results predict the current mean monthly temperature of the basin to increase by 2.01°C and 2.84°C for the future periods 2040-2069 and 2070-2099, respectively, while the precipitations are to decrease by 25% and 36% over the same periods. Consequently, the water balance analyses project the recharge to the reservoir to decrease by 37% and 49% for the periods 2040-2069 and 2070-2099, respectively. Thus the study provides useful information for sustainable management of the reservoir against potential future climate changes.
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Shi, Lei, Shu Sheng Gao, and Zhi Ming Hu. "Dynamic Analysis of Physical Modeling of Underground Gas Storage." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 3157–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.3157.
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Reservoir characteristic of Underground gas storage（UGS）was not only unique, but also complex, which decided the steady and reliability of operation for UGS in the long run, brought the initial building difficulties, and affected the long effective period of economy and important parameters. So learning building and operation mechanism of UGS could help us in the process of actual production. According to the characteristic of UGS, Indoor physical modeling system was developed. The building process and several injection-production cycles of UGS were simulated. Basing on the operation rule of injection-production cycles of UGS and the flow mechanism of gas and water in reservoir, dynamic analysis theory of UGS was built. It was concluded that, porosity and permeability of reservoir, flooded condition, and heterogeneity degree of reservoir determined the building and operation effect of UGS together. Above all, flooded condition and heterogeneity were the main reasons of the long building period, the poor effect of operation and the unrealized program targets. So physical homogeneous reservoir should be used as the main target layer of UGS, and the flooded condition in gas reservoir need to be paid close attention in the long run of UGS .
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Dolgov, S. V., and N. I. Koronkevich. "Modern changes of nutrients’ removal into the southern forest zone rivers of Volga basin." Izvestiya Rossiiskoi akademii nauk. Seriya geograficheskaya, no. 5 (November 2, 2019): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2587-55662019543-55.
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The article analyzes on the example of the Linda river basin, the tributary of the Cheboksary reservoir, contribution of the main elements of its vertical hydrological structure (precipitation, surface and underground runoff, verhovodka runoff) in the formation of nutrients removal from rivers catchments in the southern forest zone of the Russian plain. The removal of nutrients from the Linda river catchment area with various elements of water flow for the year, its high-water and low-water periods was calculated. It is shown that due to the increased role of the changed hydro-climatic conditions, especially due to the increased flow of infiltration origin (underground and verhovodka runoff), the nutrients removal has increased in recent years. Anthropogenic component of nutrient leaching into the Cheboksary reservoir from Linda river catchment was identified. It is reduced in recent decades by the background dispersion in the catchment, diffuse nutrients leaching to surface and underground flow of natural origin.
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Obosu, J. K., J. S. Y. Kuma, and W. K. Buah. "Estimation of the Quantity of Water in the Abandoned Underground Mine of Gold Fields Ghana Limited Tarkwa: A Potential Source to Augment Water Supply to Tarkwa Municipality." Ghana Mining Journal 19, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gm.v19i1.2.
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The Tarkwa district is an important gold mining area in the Southwestern part of Ghana. The main source of potable water supply to the Tarkwa Nsuaem Municipality is from the Bonsa River treatment plant managed by the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). The River is under threat from serious contamination by illegal mining ("galamsey") activities within its catchment area. Consequently, the amount of water supplied to the Municipality has not kept pace with its growing population due to increasing treatment cost and supply difficulties. The need to find alternative and sustainable sources of potable water supply to augment that from GWCL to the Municipality has become imperative. A large void volume created as a result of the abandoned underground mine operated by Gold Fields Ghana Limited (GFGL), after its closure in 1999 has flooded. This potential water resource is being pumped out daily, and wasted, sometimes spilling-over to low lying areas around the mine when allowed to reach its decant level. This study estimated the quantity of water in the Abontiakoon Vertical Shaft (AVS) which is part of the large underground void using survey production figures and post-closure void filling parameters resulting in 2.8 x 106 m3 and 2.9 x 106 m3 respectively. The rate of recharge to the underground water was also estimated to ascertain the sustainability of the void water should it be considered for use by employing the model of predicting rebound on “void filling” basis and average dewatering rate before closure at 2 535 m3/day and 2 618 m3/day respectively; indicating that recharge to the AVS reservoir is about 6 x 106 gal/day or 30% of current daily water supply deficit in the TNM. The estimated potential volume of mine water in storage in the entire Tarkwa underground void is 32 x106 m3. Two samples of the mine water were taken in November 2011 and February 2015 for quality analysis, in order to have a fair knowledge of the water quality parameters. The quality of the underground water was found to be potentially good, and not likely to cause any health threats, or water quality problems. Depth sampling is recommended to determine the chemical profile of the reservoir. Keywords: Reservoir, Municipality, Bonsa River, Contamination, Tarkwa
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Degtyareva, Olga G., Tatyana I. Safronova, and Irina V. Sokolova. "The Сalculation of a Drain Seasonal Regulation Reservoir Volume Probability." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 991–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.991.
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Trouble-free water supply of the Black Sea coast rivers basin requires water supply creation. This problem becomes urgent especially during the summer low water. In the work the mountain rivers elevated and underground volume use technology is considered. The calculation of the water intake for a particular term at the particular mode of operation is proved. The model can be used when developing administrative decisions.
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Akkaş, Mustafa Alper, and Radosveta Sokullu. "Wireless Underground Sensor Networks: Channel Modeling and Operation Analysis in the Terahertz Band." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2015 (2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/780235.
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Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) are networks of sensor nodes operating below the ground surface, which are envisioned to provide real-time monitoring capabilities in the complex underground environments consisting of soil, water, oil, and other components. In this paper, we investigate the possibilities and limitations of using WUSNs for increasing the efficiency of oil recovery processes. To realize this, millimeter scale sensor nodes with antennas at the same scale should be deployed in the confined oil reservoir fractures. This necessitates the sensor nodes to be operating in the terahertz (THz) range and the main challenge is establishing reliable underground communication despite the hostile environment which does not allow the direct use of most existing wireless solutions. The major problems are extremely high path loss, small communication range, and high dynamics of the electromagnetic (EM) waves when penetrating through soil, sand, and water and through the very specific crude oil medium. The objective of the paper is to address these issues in order to propose a novel communication channel model considering the propagation properties of terahertz EM waves in the complex underground environment of the oil reservoirs and to investigate the feasible transmission distances between nodes for different water-crude-oil-soil-CO2compositions.
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Serfaty, Jonathan, Mark Pogson, and Bashirul Haq. "A study of subsurface integrity issues for the Mondarra underground gas storage field." APPEA Journal 51, no. 1 (2011): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj10015.
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In gas reservoirs, issues related to declining deliverability and injectivity, well integrity and reservoir integrity are often found. These may become more common, however, in fields used for underground gas storage (UGS). This may be due to extreme operating conditions–primarily cyclical phases of production and injection often associated with large pressure and temperature fluctuations within the reservoir and wellbore, in addition to operating with significant pressure depletion. This study identifies specific sub-surface integrity issues that have affected the Mondarra gas storage facility. The Mondarra facility is Western Australia’s only UGS operation, owned and operated by the APA Group: Australia’s largest natural gas infrastructure business. Specific sub-surface integrity issues related to UGS were investigated. Results indicate that the production and injection cycles have decreased deliverability by 4.4% annually since 2007, primarily by plugging pore throats with inorganic precipitates, such as siderite and organic residues from the reciprocating compressor. Reservoir integrity, represented as a reduction in effective connected volume, has been identified as an issue following early re-pressurisation of the field. Detailed production monitoring and reservoir modelling has been used to investigate this risk and determine the likely range of outcomes. The mechanism of this reduced effective connected volume is uncertain; however, suggested reasons include: pressure-induced changes in the conductivity of micro-fractures and transmissibility of faults; compaction of the reservoir; or, water encroachment post depletion. Furthermore, sub-surface modelling has indicated a complex connectivity picture with multiple compartments and variable permeability layers impacting gas storage operations.
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Chen, Xiang, Xiao Bo Qi, and Zhao Yi Xu. "Surrounding Rock Mass Quality Evaluation of Huangdao Water Sealed Underground Oil Tank." Advanced Materials Research 261-263 (May 2011): 1877–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.261-263.1877.
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Huangdao water sealed underground oil tank, which lies in Qingdao, Shandong province, is one of strategic reservoir of oil in China. Targeting at a real pragmatic problem that sometimes the rock mass integrity index is more than 1 and taking Huangdao water sealed underground oil tank as an example, the rock sample wave velocity-stress relation tests are carried out. Then unloading index is put forward and formula of raock integrity index is modified so as to improve rock quality classification method. In the end, the improved rock quality classification method is applied to Huangdao water sealed underground oil tank engineering. The result shows that the quality of most rock masses here is level I or II.
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Sasongko, Nugroho Adi, Amarulla Octavian, Marsetio Marsetio, Rudy Laksmono, Abimanyu Hilmawan, and Isna Royana. "UTILIZATION OF SOLAR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY TO MEET WATER LOGISTIC SUPPORT IN THE MARITIME BORDER: STUDY AT NAVY POST, LABUAN BAJO, EAST NUSA TENGGARA." Jurnal Pertahanan & Bela Negara 9, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jpbh.v9i1.516.
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<p>The availability of clean water is a large part of the main problem in the area of West Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara. Eventhough there is correlation between factors of adequate water, health and economic development. One area that represents this condition is in the village of Labuan Bajo. The enchantment of the tourist island of Flores found in West Manggarai Regency, where Labuan Bajo is the gateway to entering the tourist charm is a place that tourists really want to visit. As a government effort to tighten border supervision and safeguards the Labuan Bajo maritime, the government formed the Indonesian Navy post. Therefore, the availability of clean water is needed in the area, besides to meet the needs of the Labuan Bajo community, improve facilities and infrastructure to bring in many tourists, also for fulfilling the logistical support of the Navy's headquarters. To meet water needs, there are 2 options that are expected to solve the problem, namely (1) mapping of underground water in the village of Labuan Bajo and pumping it using electric power from the voltaic photo results, and (2) when there is no item (1) then pumping water from the reservoir is available at a distance about 3 km from the village of Labuan Bajo. Considering the contour of the area, the needed to make new reservoirs and water pumping systems from the reservoir available, so that an adequate level of water is obtained for drain water to the village. Mapping of underground water is carried out with using the geoelectric method. If option 1 is successful, then the system that is built can be used as a model of pumping underground water, mainly in the area of West Manggarai Regency that needed it. Then the water obtained will be processed through the Reverse Osmosis process to produce ready to drink water.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> clean water supply, photovoltaic, renewable energy, rural area, water pump</p>
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Kolokolova, I. V., and I. N. Konovalova. "New methods for isolation and mapping of natural reservoirs for underground hydrogen storage in depleted hydrocarbon deposits." Actual Problems of Oil and Gas, no. 30 (December 21, 2020): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2020-30.art1.
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The article proposes new methodological techniques for identifying and mapping true and false seals based on the data of geophysical methods, according to the main provisions of the theory of the three-layer structure of natural oil and gas reservoirs. Seismic exploration in combination with well logging makes it possible to control the storage volumes, determine the gas-water contact contour and obtain detailed models of the natural reservoir.
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Jin, Qiannan, Wenwei Yao, Yisong Weng, and Yuyu Ji. "Study on water quality of tunnel type underground reservoir in island areas." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 474 (May 15, 2020): 022011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/474/2/022011.
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Arefmanesh, A., A. A. Dehghan, and A. R. Dehghani. "Thermal characteristics of an underground cold-water reservoir: Analytical and experimental studies." Applied Thermal Engineering 29, no. 14-15 (October 2009): 3261–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.03.010.
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Martínez-Sánchez, Dilan Arturo, and Giovanny Jiménez Díaz. "Hydraulic fracturing considerations: Insights from analogue models, and its viability in Colombia." Earth Sciences Research Journal 23, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/esrj.v23n1.69760.
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Fracking is being considered around the world as a potential method in the hydrocarbons extraction given the increase of production in USA and Canada during the last years with its implementation. The most criticized feature of the technique of fracking is the contamination of underground waters by fluids connected through the generated and/or pre-existing fractures. This work evaluates the viability of fracking in Colombian territory based in the study of the analogue models, considering the elastic properties of the reservoir rocks using gelatin, sand and clay that apply scaled pressure (lithostatic pressure to scale). The gelatin is used to simulate the reservoir zone, the clay will simulate one sail and the sand will simulate reservoir rocks of underground water. As a result seven different models were generated. There were simulated as 1) the anisotropy presence, 2) the rock sail presence, and 3) the injection groove of fluids in the pipeline. The completed models show that the required distance between the unconventional reservoir and underground waters to avoid contamination by fluids is ~200 m, also between the hydraulic fracturing point and the faults that connect with the shallows area is ~350 m, and it is suggested to study in detail the permeability of both: nearby faults and the rock sail. Two Colombian basins (Magdalena Midland Valley and Llanos) were taken as the main base to analyze the assessment of fracking according to the previously mentioned results, concluding that it is viable particularly in areas like Llanos Basin and with some precautions in similar zones to Magdalena Midland Valley Basin.
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Menéndez, Javier, Falko Schmidt, Heinz Konietzky, Antonio Bernardo Sánchez, and Jorge Loredo. "Empirical Analysis and Geomechanical Modelling of an Underground Water Reservoir for Hydroelectric Power Plants." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (August 24, 2020): 5853. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10175853.
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The European Union policy of encouraging renewable energy sources and a sustainable and safe low-carbon economy requires flexible energy storage systems (FESSs), such as pumped-storage hydropower (PSH) systems. Energy storage systems are the key to facilitate a high penetration of the renewable energy sources in the electrical grids. Disused mining structures in closed underground coal mines in NW Spain have been selected as a case study to analyze the construction of underground pumped-storage hydropower (UPSH) plants. Mine water, depth and subsurface space in closured coal mines may be used for the construction of FESSs with reduced environmental impacts. This paper analyzes the stability of a network of tunnels used as a lower water reservoir at 450 m depth in sandstone and shale formations. Empirical methods based on rock mass classification systems are employed to preliminarily design the support systems and to determinate the rock mass properties. In addition, 3D numerical modelling has been conducted in order to verify the stability of the underground excavations. The deformations and thickness of the excavation damage zones (EDZs) around the excavations have been evaluated in the simulations without considering a support system and considering systematic grouted rock bolts and a layer of reinforced shotcrete as support system. The results obtained show that the excavation of the network of tunnels is technically feasible with the support system that has been designed.
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Zinni, Edward V. "Subsurface fault detection using seismic data for hazardous‐waste‐injection well permitting: An example from St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana." GEOPHYSICS 60, no. 2 (March 1995): 468–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443784.
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The Covington aquifer is used as a major source of drinking water for east St. John the Baptist Parish, Louisiana. A recent subsurface geologic study in Herbert and Hanson (1991) suggested that the Covington aquifer might communicate hydrologically with two hazardous‐waste‐injection reservoirs, thus putting the fresh‐water Covington aquifer in danger of contamination. A case history shows how seismic‐reflection and electric well‐log data were used to determine the possibility of hydrologic communication between the Covington aquifer and the hazardous‐waste‐injection reservoirs. Cross‐sections, net‐sand isopachs, and structure maps are constructed for three hazardous‐waste‐injection reservoirs and the Covington aquifer. Four previously undetected normal faults bisect the three injection reservoirs and the Covington aquifer. The presence of these faults significantly increases the possibility of communication by acting as conduits and allowing vertical migration of fluids along the fault planes, or by causing juxtaposition of sand against sand and allowing leakage to occur across the fault planes. In addition, the upper injection reservoir is part of a fluvial system that occasionally scours down into the Covington aquifer, depositing sand from the injection reservoir interval directly on the Covington aquifer sand. Because of this stratigraphic contact, the injection reservoir is possibly in hydrologic communication with the Covington aquifer. The injection of liquid‐hazardous‐waste into these reservoirs could jeopardize not only the water quality of the Covington aquifer, but possibly the quality of other shallow freshwater aquifers, should vertical migration occur along the fault planes. Without the use of seismic data, the risk of contaminating underground sources of drinking water would not have been properly assessed.
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Yang, Y., L. C. Liu, B. H. Li, J. F. Gu, D. Q. Zheng, and Q. Li. "Simulation of storage scheme in the MHS underground reservoir recharged by water from the South-to-North Water Diversion." Water Supply 17, no. 6 (April 7, 2017): 1544–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2017.058.
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Abstract The level of groundwater has fallen dramatically in the plain, and several obvious cones of depression in the groundwater surface around waterworks have expanded, because of groundwater over-drafting in Beijing. This condition has led to reductions in available groundwater resources, and has even restricted the economic development of Beijing. However, an opportunity has been provided for groundwater recharge, since considerable storage space has been created by this overexploitation. At the beginning of the South-to-North Water Diversion, more water will be transferred to Beijing, because of the supporting infrastructure that is under construction in other cities. Therefore, the underground reservoir in Miyun, Huairou and Shunyi (MHS) district was taken as the study object, and geological exploration and GIS overlay techniques were used to determine the extent and storage capacity of this underground reservoir. The rivers in MHS district were investigated to identify which ones provide suitable places for recharge. Furthermore, a numerical model was built to forecast the groundwater flow field and water level, and an optimal storage program was proposed. The results of this study provide technical guidance for recharge, as well as the safe storage and rational use of the water provided by the South-to-North Water Diversion.
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Cao, Cheng, Jianxing Liao, Zhengmeng Hou, Hongcheng Xu, Faisal Mehmood, and Xuning Wu. "Utilization of CO2 as Cushion Gas for Depleted Gas Reservoir Transformed Gas Storage Reservoir." Energies 13, no. 3 (January 25, 2020): 576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030576.
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Underground gas storage reservoirs (UGSRs) are used to keep the natural gas supply smooth. Native natural gas is commonly used as cushion gas to maintain the reservoir pressure and cannot be extracted in the depleted gas reservoir transformed UGSR, which leads to wasting huge amounts of this natural energy resource. CO2 is an alternative gas to avoid this particular issue. However, the mixing of CO2 and CH4 in the UGSR challenges the application of CO2 as cushion gas. In this work, the Donghae gas reservoir is used to investigate the suitability of using CO2 as cushion gas in depleted gas reservoir transformed UGSR. The impact of the geological and engineering parameters, including the CO2 fraction for cushion gas, reservoir temperature, reservoir permeability, residual water and production rate, on the reservoir pressure, gas mixing behavior, and CO2 production are analyzed detailly based on the 15 years cyclic gas injection and production. The results showed that the maximum accepted CO2 concentration for cushion gas is 9% under the condition of production and injection for 120 d and 180 d in a production cycle at a rate of 4.05 kg/s and 2.7 kg/s, respectively. The typical curve of the mixing zone thickness can be divided into four stages, which include the increasing stage, the smooth stage, the suddenly increasing stage, and the periodic change stage. In the periodic change stage, the mixed zone increases with the increasing of CO2 fraction, temperature, production rate, and the decreasing of permeability and water saturation. The CO2 fraction in cushion gas, reservoir permeability, and production rate have a significant effect on the breakthrough of CO2 in the production well, while the effect of water saturation and temperature is limited.
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Zhang, Liudong, Ping Guo, Shiqi Fang, and Mo Li. "Monthly Optimal Reservoirs Operation for Multicrop Deficit Irrigation under Fuzzy Stochastic Uncertainties." Journal of Applied Mathematics 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/105391.
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An uncertain monthly reservoirs operation and multicrop deficit irrigation model was proposed under conjunctive use of underground and surface water for water resources optimization management. The objective is to maximize the total crop yield of the entire irrigation districts. Meanwhile, ecological water remained for the downstream demand. Because of the shortage of water resources, the monthly crop water production function was adopted for multiperiod deficit irrigation management. The model reflects the characteristics of water resources repetitive transformation in typical inland rivers irrigation system. The model was used as an example for water resources optimization management in Shiyang River Basin, China. Uncertainties in reservoir management shown as fuzzy probability were treated through chance-constraint parameter for decision makers. Necessity of dominance(ND)was used to analyse the advantages of the method. The optimization results including reservoirs real-time operation policy, deficit irrigation management, and the available water resource allocation could be used to provide decision support for local irrigation management. Besides, the strategies obtained could help with the risk analysis of reservoirs operation stochastically.
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Kulikova, A. A., A. A. Stelmakhov, T. A. Bacheva, and M. N. Tsymbal. "Treatment of water inflow from flooded underground mines." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6 (May 20, 2020): 38–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-6-0-38-47.
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The study focuses on the adverse effect exerted on the environment by temporary shutdown and closure of underground mines by means of flooding. Closure of underground mines only terminates the structural and technological transformation of geological rock mass while detrimental effect on the natural environment of underground mines remains and even becomes more severe sometimes. Some hazards are revealed, which initiate new phenomena and processes, and are mainly connected with flooding of underground mines. Such hazards are groundwater rise, flow of water from flooded mines to operating mines, ground surface deformation due to subsidence and entry of pollutants in underground aquifers and surface water bodies. In terms of a flooded mine in East Donbass, the method of catchment of water outlet from the flooded mine and dispersion to a man-made biological pond is described. The biological pond is split into zones. First, there is a shallow place with planting for activation of growth of iron bacteria; here, removal of iron ions from mine water takes place. Then, water flows to the pond for the further bio-oxidation and treatment of water up to the standard MAC. The article offers recommendations on making of the biological pond and a trench for water flow from mine. The required volumes and sizes of the biological pond, trench and activation zone for iron bacteria are calculated. Treated mine water, via a dam, will be fed to a water storage reservoir.
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Li, Yao, Shu Ping Wang, Zhen Hua Zhang, and Shao Jun Li. "Study on the Relationship between Factor of Safety and Angle of Dip of Bedding Rock Slope when Exposed to Reservoir Water Level Fluctuation." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 3894–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3894.
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The impoundment and running of Three Gorges Reservoir makes the water level fluctuate between 175m and 145m, and the water level fluctuation has been leading to the seepage field variation of bank slopes, which will bring out the stability change of bank slopes. In order to obtain the relationship between the angles of dip and factors of safety of bedding rock slopes which are generalized slope models from some bedding rock slopes failure in some reservoirs, the finite element method based on Darcy seepage theory was taken to simulate the seepage field variation of this type of bedding rock slopes when exposed to water level fluctuation, then the underground water tables of the bedding rock slopes with different angles of dip were obtained, finally the factors of safety of bedding rock slopes when water level rose and fell at speed of 0.2m/d were calculated by limit equilibrium method. Through the regulation analysis of factors of safety with the increase of angles of dip of bedding rock slopes when exposed to reservoir water level fluctuation, the relationship between factors of safety and angles of dip of bedding rock slopes was obtained.
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Ashraf Soliman, Ahmed, Abdelaziz Nasr El-hoshoudy, and Attia Mahmoud Attia. "Assessment of xanthan gum and xanthan-g-silica derivatives as chemical flooding agents and rock wettability modifiers." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 75 (2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2020004.
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Currently, biomolecules flooding in the underground reservoirs acquires sustainable interest owing to their availability and eco-friendly properties. The current study reported chemical displacement by xanthan gum as well as xanthan/SiO2 and xanthan grafted with vinylsilane derivatives. Chemical characterization evaluated by traditional spectroscopic methods. Investigation of fluids response to reservoir environment assessed through rheological performance relative to shearing rate, ionic strength, and thermal stability. A sequence of flooding runs generated on 10 sandstone outcrops with different porosity and permeabilities. Core wetness assessed through relative permeability curves at different water saturation. The flooding tests indicate that grafting of the silica derivative overcome the shortage of xanthan solution in flooding operations relative to the reservoir conditions. The ability of the flooding solutions to alter rock wettability explored through relative permeability curves at different water saturation. The results reveal that the synthesized composite was a promised agent for enhancing oil recovery and profile conformance.
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Tang, Xiao Song, Ying Ren Zheng, and Yong Fu Wang. "The Characteristics of Seepage Field and Numerical Analysis on the Stability of Reservoir Landslide." Advanced Materials Research 594-597 (November 2012): 2512–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.594-597.2512.
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The stability of reservoir landslide would be influenced obviously by the fluctuation of water level, especially when the water descends, which is different from common landslide. Due to the unsteady seepage of underground water inside slope caused by the change of water level, the stability analysis of reservoir landslide through fluid-solid coupling is very complicated. At present, most people hold the view qualitatively that the less the permeability coefficient is and the faster the water level changes, the more unfavorable it is to the stability. This view lacks quantitative basis. Based on FEM strength reduction, the paper analyzes the influence of different sets of descending speed and permeability coefficient on the stability of reservoir landslide through fluid-solid coupling analysis. The paper also conducts the relevant analysis on the change of the characteristics of seepage field inside the slope, which provides basis for the study of the failure mechanism and the forecast of reservoir landslide.
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Ke, Tingting, Longcang Shu, and Xunhong Chen. "Modeling the groundwater recharge in karst aquifers by using a reservoir model." Water Science and Technology 68, no. 2 (July 1, 2013): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2013.266.
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The estimation of the groundwater recharge in a karstic system becomes an important challenge due to the great hydrodynamic variability in both time and space. This paper proposes a two reservoir conceptual model to simulate inflow into both the conduit system and the fissure network system based on the analysis of the spring hydrograph. The structure of the model and the governing equations are proposed on the basis of the physical considerations, with the assumption that flow at the outlet of the reservoirs obeys a linear threshold function. The model is applied on the Houzhai karstic underground river basin where it successfully reflects the temporal recharge distribution. The simulated accumulation recharge is 34.29 mm, which is reasonable in relation to the actual rainfall of 92.8 mm. The variations of water volume in two reservoirs represent the storage and transform characteristics of the karst aquifer system. However, this model is particularly well suited to simulate the recharge event after intensive rainfall.
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Menéndez, Javier, Jesús M. Fernández-Oro, Mónica Galdo, and Jorge Loredo. "Transient Simulation of Underground Pumped Storage Hydropower Plants Operating in Pumping Mode." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 7, 2020): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071781.
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The increasing penetration of variable renewable energies (VRE) in the European electricity mix requires flexible energy storage systems (ESS), such as pumped storage hydropower (PSH). Disused mining voids from deep closed mines may be used as subsurface reservoirs of underground pumped-storage hydropower (UPSH) plants. Unlike conventional PSH plants, the air pressure in UPSH plants is variable and it differs from the atmospheric conditions. In this paper, the hydraulic transient process of an UPSH plant operating in pumping mode was investigated and a preliminary thermodynamic analysis of the closed surge tank was carried out. Analytical and CFD three-dimensional numerical simulations based on the volume of fluid (VOF) model with two-phase flow have been performed for analyzing the transient process. In the transient simulation, air and water are considered as ideal gas and compressible liquid, respectively. Different guide vanes closing schemes have been simulated. The obtained results show that the dimensioning of underground reservoir, surge tank, and air ducts is essential for ensuring the hydraulic performance and optimizing the operation of UPSH plants. The static pressure in the air duct, surge tank and lower reservoir reaches −1.6, 112.8 and −4 kPa, respectively, while a heat flux of −80 W was obtained through the surge tank walls.
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Bae, Sungjae, Drebom Ahn, Hyoungwoo Yoo, and Chungmok Lee. "Optimization of Underground Water Reservoir Location Problem for Preventing Floods-Seoul Case Study." Journal of the Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers 43, no. 4 (August 31, 2017): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.7232/jkiie.2017.43.4.308.
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Shen, Huan, Yong Huang, Yuzhou Tang, Huiyang Qiu, and Ping Wang. "Impact Analysis of Karst Reservoir Construction on the Surrounding Environment: A Case Study for the Southwest of China." Water 11, no. 11 (November 7, 2019): 2327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11112327.
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With the rapid growth of the global demand for low-carbon energy, the development of hydropower has ushered in new development, but the ecological and environmental problems caused by this cannot be ignored. Taking the safe and efficient operation of water conservancy projects as the goal, this paper took the Maling Water Conservancy Project (MWCP) as an example to predict and evaluate the ecological environment risks of water conservancy projects. Based on the on-site geological surveys and experiments, the big well method and the long narrow horizontal tunnel method were used to estimate the water inflow from the underground caverns. The contaminant migration model was used to predict and analyze the groundwater quality. The impact of the MWCP on the surrounding environment was systematically analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the estimated water inflow from the underground powerhouse and the water conveyance pipeline was about 7403.6 m3/d during the construction period. The groundwater level in the reservoir area could recover after a short drop, which had little effect on the surrounding vegetation. The groundwater quality was affected obviously because the migration speed of contaminants was very fast under abnormal conditions. During the operation period, it had little effect on groundwater level and had certain influence on groundwater flow field in local area. The source of sewage was mainly a small amount of domestic sewage, which could be ignored after taking anti-seepage measures. After storing water in the reservoir area, there was a possibility of small-scale immersion on the right bank. Most of the reservoirs had good stability conditions but the stability of the upper fault valley was poor; however, the possibility of leakage was very small. Overall, the project had little impact on the surrounding environment. The research results could also provide some references for other hydroelectric projects within the basin.
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Zhang, Yi, and Dong Ming Guo. "Temperature Field of Multi-Wells Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage in Sanhejian Coal Mine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 138-139 (November 2011): 442–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.138-139.442.
Full textAbstract:
When production needs, the technology of aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) can achieve cooling or heating by running the “underground cold water reservoir” or the “underground heat water reservoir”. In this paper, taking Sanhejian Coal Mine as an example, we discuss that with the same pumping and irrigation flow in multi-wells, distribution and change of temperature field in aquifers when energy storage system runs. The simulation results of aquifer temperature field show that any cold water well running can make temperature around the centerlin rise, and the rate rose from 0.4 °C to 6 °C as time increases. Any cold water well running can make the lowest temperature of other cold water wells around it rise 0.4°C or 0.5°C, the temperature of the aquifer whose temperature is below 15°C rises about 1°C or 2°C. It proves that the distance of wells is reasonable. When the whole system runs, the temperature field of 2°C to 10°C change greatly, the temperature field of 10°C to 15°C is stable, which is less affected by heat energy consumption in cold water well.
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Wang, Ya Jun, Qi Wang, and Yang Bing Cao. "The Inversion Analysis of the Reservoir Saturation Landslide's Permeability Coefficient." Applied Mechanics and Materials 490-491 (January 2014): 633–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.490-491.633.
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Determination of sliding body saturated permeability coefficient has an important significance for groundwater dynamic field, deformation and stability of reservoir landslide. Based on in-depth analysis of landslide geological characteristics, groundwater monitoring data, rainfall and reservoir water lever in Three Gorges Reservoir, it is found that reservoir water level is the main factor which affecting the groundwater dynamic field. According to two layers of sliding body, the saturated permeability coefficient test plan of two factors and three levels has been designed. Based on saturated-unsaturated seepage finite element and the reservoir water level fluctuation curve, groundwater saturation line has obtained under different combinations of parameters. Combined with genetic algorithm, an optimal neural network model was established to describe the nonlinear relationship between the sliding body saturated permeability coefficient and borehole water level. Then based on the monitoring data of borehole water level, the saturated permeability coefficient of two layers sliding body can be gotten. Finally, with the inversion parameters, it is found that the calculating water level results and the actual level of underground water are in good agreement. Results show that the inverse thought and method is feasible and effective, which can provide reference for the similar engineering.
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Wei, Shuang, Yong Chen, Bei Bei Yang, and Wen Luo. "Study on the Stability of Baijiabao Landslide due to the Three Gorges Water Level Rise." Applied Mechanics and Materials 488-489 (January 2014): 470–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.488-489.470.
Full textAbstract:
Reservoir impoundment is induced landslide deformation and instability of the important factors, while the water level change rate on the slope stability, the influence of reservoir Banks is very important. Based on the three gorges reservoir area White House bag landslide as an example, based on saturated-unsaturated seepage theory, finite element analysis of seepage and stability calculation method, consider different library water rising rate and sliding body different permeability coefficient two factors, the simulation of the reservoir water rises sliding body underground water level and safety coefficient variation law with time. The result shows that1. The water table with respect to the changes of the water level is in a certain lag,reservoir water infiltration slope is a gradual process,it is related to the rate of rise of the water level and the permeability coefficient of sliding body. 2. The changes of the water table closely related to the stability of landslide,enhance the higher the water table,The greater the saturation area of the sliding body,he worse the stability of the landslide. 3. The whole landslide stability decreased when the water level rises,the greater the rate of rise of the water level, the greater the permeability coefficient of sliding body, the worse the stability of the landslide.