Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Underground spatial'

The objective of the thesis is to explore ways to assess safety in an urban context and intransport nodes. The thesis is composed of articles which aim at assessing whether safety levels vary within a city, at a public transportation network, particularly at stations, and finally making suggestions to increase safety in these environments. The analysis makes use of Geographical Information Systems (GIS), statistical techniques and combines several different data sources. Fieldwork supports the data sources by presenting an investigation of the current environment at and around the underground stations in Stockholm. Regression models were used to assess the (strength) relationships between levels of crime and the socialand physical environment at underground stations. Findings show that urban crime in Stockholm municipality concentrates in stable hotspots, however, varying by type of crime, in different places at different times. A majority of the hotspots were located close to underground stations. The environment at underground stations has a significant impact on the crime levels at these transport nodes. For instance, low guardianship opportunities were related with higher crime rates, while well-illuminated and open stations showed lower crime rates. An open lay-out would provide better opportunities for guardianship, which in turn may decrease crime levels. The surrounding socio-economic composition of neighborhoods and the physical and social environment surrounding the stations affected crime levels similarly. For instance, mixed land-uses surrounding the station could be linked to increased crime rates. However, crime levels showed a varying distribution over time and space. Different stations showed different levels of crime at different times of the day, moreover, this also showed to be depended on crime type. For instance, theft wouldconcentrate at central stations at peak hours, when it is most crowded. The results include suggestions for policymakers and organizations dealing with urban safety, planning and public transportation, such as police, transportation companies and municipal planners. The results suggest that crime interventions should take into account the dynamic patterns of crime and adopt a more holistic approach taking into account the station and its surroundings.

QC 20140211

Safety in Transport Nodes: The Influence of Environmental Attrivutes on Crime and Perceived Safety

Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 56-57).
In this thesis, a general framework for the spatial layout design of underground shopping mall networks (UMNs) was developed for the purpose of providing better design guidance in future underground mall projects. This was achieved through a comparative analysis of successful UMN case studies in Japan and Canada, which showed significant differences in the nature and characteristics of UMNs between the two countries. Further exploration into the building codes used for UMN design in Japan and its application to the case studies resulted in the development of effective design guidelines, which were tested through the creation of conceptual mall layouts. The framework was next applied to a real-world UMN design for a site in central Hong Kong. A suitable site for UMN development was selected out of three potential sites, and a layout design based on realistic site constraints and dimensions was created through the proposed framework. This site-specific design demonstrated the framework's effectiveness in creating optimal spatial layouts for UMNs.
by Yuk Hon Michael Hui.
M. Eng.

Nos travaux de recherche ont pour objectif de résoudre le problème de la géodétection des réseaux enterrés. Plusieurs méthodes sont utilisées actuellement mais présentent des limites dues à la nature du sol, aux matériaux des canalisations et au produit transporté. Notre objectif est de proposer une nouvelle approche basée sur la fusion de quatre méthodes de détection et sur la récolte de plusieurs informations qui seront représentées sous forme de connaissances et permettront de raisonner à différents niveaux d’abstraction, pour détecter avec un niveau de confiance, les canalisations enterrées indépendamment de leur matériau, du produit qu’elles transportent et du sol dans lequel elles sont enterrées
Our work aims to solve the problem of reliable detection of underground networks by optimization of the existing methods. Four methods are planned to identify the underground pipelines but they have limits and depend on many factors. Our investigation aims to solve the problem of reliable detection of underground networks by aggregation of the existing methods and reasoning at different abstraction levels. For that purpose, we must be able to provide an accurate geo-detection of underground networks regardless of their material, their function or the soil in which they are buried. The information collected in the field or soil by these detection methods will be merged in order to achieve and obtain an accurate and reliable single result of geo-detection. For that, we need to check independently these distinct methods and then to aggregate the information/data they provide. Besides, the first step will consists of the representation of this information into symbolic knowledge. The second step is to overcome the limitations of current methods to provide a reliable and expressive reasoning system

Neste trabalho foram pesquisados os métodos e procedimentos utilizados na execução de obras das redes subterrâneas da infra-estrutura urbana, desde a demarcação até a elaboração da planta do levantamento de como construído. Os equipamentos utilizados na execução de obras, tanto os não destrutivos, como os destrutivos e aqueles de localização de dutos e cabos enterrados. São também apresentados e detalhados os procedimentos à luz das normas técnicas, para o devido georreferenciamento das redes de infra-estrutura subterrânea. Foram inclusive analisados os resultados obtidos para o posicionamento das redes, conforme apresenta o estudo de casos, em obras com a utilização de equipamentos para a localização de cabos e dutos enterrados. Finalmente são sugeridas propostas para o georreferenciamento das redes de infra-estrutura urbana com a finalidade de constituição de um cadastro único.
This study investigates the methods and procedures used in the urban infrastructure underground network, from the demarcation to the production of the as-built survey plant. The equipments used in the execution of services, as far as non destructive, destructive as well as in the localization of underground pipe and cables are concerned, are presented and the procedures are detailed for underground infrastructure network georeferencing, considering the standard norms. The results of the network positioning with the utilization of equipments for underground pipes and cables equipments are analysed, as shown in the case study. Finally, proposals for the urban underground network georeferencing are presented in order to build a unique cadastre.

La problématique de ce doctorat est : comment la structure des réseaux constitue une nouvelle matrice pour la production d’oeuvres artistiques. Pour répondre à cette question, nous commencerons en étudiant l’évolution de la notion de « réseau » de l’antiquité jusqu’à aujourd’hui ; les théories des réseaux concernant leur structure et/ou leur dynamique. Ensuite nous présenterons les applications –de la notion ou des théories de réseaux– tant dans les sciences que dans l’art. Nous listerons et nous analyserons huit types de réseaux et puis nous mentionnerons des oeuvres artistiques qui ont été inspirées par ces types de réseaux et/ou qui utilisent certains (types de) réseaux comme matrice pour leur création. Nous proposerons le projet Lignes Imaginaires, un modèle 3D qui se fonde sur la conception d’un métro de lignes imaginaires, voire de lignes dynamiques et/ou paradoxales qui sont en mouvement, apparaissent/disparaissent, créent de l’infrastructure supplémentaire. L’analyse du métro Lignes Imaginaires dévoile l'importance de la géographie et de la spatialité des réseaux, tandis que leur représentation graphique topologique reste insuffisante pour la représentation précise et pour la compréhension de leur structure (paradoxale). En outre, l’innovation du métro Lignes Imaginaires est que son infrastructure est dynamique et auto-organisée, contrairement aux métros traditionnels où les lignes et leurs itinéraires sont fixes. L’objectif du projet artistique Lignes Imaginaires est de visualiser un concept en créant un métro hors du commun qui pourrait aussi proposer des formes alternatives des réseaux de transports dans le contexte urbain
This thesis examines and shows ways in which the structure of networks can provide a new matrix for the production of artworks. In order to answer this question we start by studying: the evolution of the term ‘network’ from the ancient times up to nowadays; the theories that refer to network structure or network dynamics. Then we present the applications of these theories into both art and science. We list and analyze eight different types of networks and then we feature artworks which have been inspired by these network types or have used the network structure of a certain type as a matrix for art making. We propose the Imaginary Lines project, a three-dimensional network model which is based on the concept of a metro composed of imaginary lines. More precisely Imaginary Lines metro network encompasses seven paradoxical lines which move, (dis)appear and produce supplementary infrastructure. The Imaginary Lines metro unveils the importance of geography and spatiality, in contrast with topological network graphic representations, which remain insufficient, in terms of utmost accuracy in representation and comprehension of network structure. Additionally, the Imaginary Lines network innovation lays in its infrastructure dynamics as well as in its self-organisation. The objective of the Imaginary Lines artistic project is to visualise a concept by creating an unusual metro, which goes beyond traditional fixed-route transport networks and can support alternative forms of urban transport development

My research examines how the London Underground – the first subway in the world - provided new public spaces and forms of mobility that redefined how Londoners interacted in, moved through, and imaged the city. Perhaps nothing embodies the Underground’s iconic status in London quite as completely as the phrase, “Mind the Gap.” This phrase, which originally referred to the gap between the train and the platform at Embankment station on the Northern line, has since become an enduringly popular symbol of London in the minds of travelers and visitors. The fact that a behavioral command about how to move through Underground space has become synonymous with visiting London suggests the deep connections between spatial behaviors and identity in the modern city. People had to be taught how to “Mind the Gap” – and railway officials were never completely able to control the ways in which people used, traveled through, and imagined these spaces. Illuminating these tensions between railway technicians and ordinary passengers demonstrates how the Underground provided a new type of space in which men and women from different classes and backgrounds could assert claims to freedom of movement within the city. Aside from the gap between station platforms and Underground trains, this cultural history of the Underground also reveals how Londoners negotiated and bridged other important gaps - between rich and poor, men and women, and concepts of what constituted being modern or backwards, progressive or dangerous - as they embraced this public space as a part of their everyday lives. My dissertation interweaves works of art and fiction, literary scholarship, and elements of geography and sociology into a cultural history of London’s transport. Though it was owned and operated by a series of private companies throughout the nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, the Underground offered a relatively affordable means of traversing the capitol for Londoners of all classes and backgrounds, and therefore the spaces of the Underground network (stations, platforms, and train cars) acted as public spaces where new ideas about democratic order in society were challenged and negotiated. My dissertation will bring a new perspective to studies of urban history by using interactions within the Tube to demonstrate how modernity was experienced and given meaning through particular spatial practices. I argue that the Underground helped challenge and redefine urban identities in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, particularly for women.

碩士
中原大學
建築研究所
91
Since 1985, the project of Specific Zone of Taipei Train Station, followed the procedures of urban planning, has combined with diverse functions of public transit facilities, underground walk way, and business operations. Its network, formed by the underground arcade, plays a leading role no matter in function, scope or spatial shape in Taiwan. While functions of established space have become more and more complex and varieties of utilities have been increasing, how to decrease passengers' wayfinding behavior due to inappropriate spatial design has become the critical issue to improve the quality of way using. There are three steps in making decisions during wayfinding: construction of spatial conception step, decision step and execution step. Construction of spatial conception is the most fundamental work among these three steps, and is based on an important factor, spatial information. There are two kinds of spatial information, which are original and add-on information. Original information means information from the location, color, shape or characteristics of a building or an environment. Add-on information means information delivered from the equipments attached on the associated building, such as signage system. Followed the statement, spatial information affects construction of spatial conception, this paper is motivated by the ideas of how to reach good interaction between users and space and how to establish correct spatial concept in order to reduce wayfinding behavior. The research method was mainly to directly observe the passengers' wayfinding difficulties in the underground arcade. Where and how the wayfinding difficulties are caused were identified based on the first person report of vision record and behavior mapping. The spatial information and perception from what has been observed were classified, recorded, integrated, and analyzed, in order to find the problems of wayfinding behavior in the underground arcade. It was also hoped to achieve the following goals in this research: 1. A novel investigation method based on observing and recording the users' interactions with their environments. 2. Understanding the general characteristics and variations of wayfinding in underground arcade. 3. Analyzing the spatial characteristics as well as the effects of original information and passenger's moving path on wayfinding behaviors. 4. Investigating the effects of the signage systems in add-on information on the spatial conception construction and wayfinding; understanding the considerations of setting up signage systems for correct correlations between the signage systems and the spatial conception construction. 5. Providing the fundamentals for the study and design of environment planning in the future.

碩士
國立臺灣師範大學
地理研究所
92
Taipei, following Kaohsiung, is the second city developing the USC(underground shopping center) in Taiwan. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the spatial distribution, location characteristics and management of Taipei’s USC’s. In order to find out the best management strategies, appropriate commercial types for each USC and an ideal operational model, we observe the three USC’s which have run over one year, interview administrators and collect questionnaires filled out by proprietors and consumers. Besides, we compare Taipei’s USC’s with well-developed Japan’s. The results of this research can be summarized as follows: 1. The spatial distributions of Taipei’s USC’s share four characteristics. First of all, they have close relation to the urban development plan. Next, the location of the highest USC density is situated in Zhong Zheng District, which is also the CBD of Taipei. Third, the proportion of the USC’s “associated with MRTS ” is higher than that of the USC’s “dissociated from MRTS.” Forth, most of them are in the shape of ribbon development. 2. When the managerial scale, traffic gathering and commercial environment are taken into consideration, the locations of Taipei’s USC’s fall into three categories: the main urban center, the secondary urban center and the community center. Basically, the location of a USC is closely related to its scale. However, the schemes of the completed USC’s in Taipei didn’t follow this principle. 3. Questionnaires filled out by the proprietors show three facts. First, branch stores greatly outnumber the other kinds of stores. Second, profits are closely related to locations and commercial types. Third, the proprietors, generally speaking, don’t approve of the management of USC’s. 4. The consumer survey indicates female costumers, more than 80% under 30, are the main population of consumers. Most of them are college graduates with low ability of consumption; that is, they have to keep within a tight budget of at most NT10,000 per month. This type of consumers usually makes “multiple-purpose shopping trips.” Also, most of the consumers set a higher value on East Metro Mall. 5. The management of Taipei’s USC’s can be broken down into 3 categories, but presently all of them leave room for improvement. Besides, as far as commercial types are concerned, in Easy Mall and Taipei City Mall, the number of stationery stores should be decreased while in East Metro Mall, the number of fashion stores should be cut down. All of them, based on a safety premise, have to set up more drink and food stores. Finally, this study intends to offer an ideal tentative operational model for the future advance in the development of the USC.

碩士
東海大學
建築學系
96
There are many underground arcades in Taipei city. In order to understand the spatial use of the arcades, the research focuses on a number of areas (the “Taipei City Mall”, the “Station Front Metro Mall,” and the “New World Shopping Center” around Taipei Main Station) that have been chosen for their geographical localities, transportation systems, shopping districts and business types, as well as other fundamental information, such as number of users and characteristics of different times. In addition, the research will make observations of the activities that take place in the public spaces within these underground arcades and by interviewing the people involved, will gain an understanding of the reason behind these said activities. Evidence shows that underground arcades attract different kinds of users depending on the differences in public transportation systems, business types, space sizes, and ground land use of the arcades. “Taipei City Mall” is a space for commuters to briefly visit, and an area for the general public to spend time browsing and shopping on weekdays. During the weekend, it also serves as a midway point for people who are out shopping and transitioning from place to place. The “Station Front Metro Mall” is a shopping area of the same degree, catering all days of the week to high school-aged students, blue and white-collar workers, and tourists. Finally, the “New World Shopping Center” is mostly a place for 19 to 29 year old women, people in their 50s or older, and tourists of Taiwan Railways, to eat and/or get together during the working week; during weekends, it is a place for family and friends to shop together. Moreover, the wide walkways and spaces in between the stairs of the three underground arcades have also become hangouts for groups and clubs. Although underground arcades are business spaces, the number of users and their characteristics relate to the features and location of their walkways. In addition, the external environment of underground arcades, their internal business equipment, and the usage of public space, are inert-related, and have different layered impacts on people’s urban activities such as commuting, shopping, or getting together with friends.

碩士
銘傳大學
公共管理與社區發展研究所碩士在職專班
92
Urbanization tends to make land use intensive, sumptuous (or exorbitant) and disorder unless via efficient Public Affair Management System. As Taiwan has come to the stage of globalization accompanied by new international co-operated connections, urban land use has also become multifunctional. The construction of Taipei Rapid Transit System has made the limited land use possible and tri-dimensional. As a result, urban public space such as Taipei City Mall is not only having the transporting advantages, but also fitting the compacted consumption purpose. The aim of this study is to further the understanding of this issue. From the previous literature review and experiences, the activities inside the underground malls would not be disturbed by weather conditions. Moreover, the spatial format and purpose of underground mall is meant to be multifunctional in that it can be holiday squares, art appreciation center, farm product exhibition center, parking lot, emergent shelter and so forth. In 2002, Vice President Lu Hsiu-Lien had suggested the concerning department to set “Taipei window” in Taipei City Mall as an entry to introduce the features of city cultures of Taiwan; meanwhile, by imitating the setting of information station in Taipei City Mall and east side underground mall, the government could be more friendly to people. As indicated by research case, the underground mall not only has the function of “economic consumption”, but also the function of combining of cultural heritage and public private participation. This research intends to study the case of underground mall in Taipei City, hoping to bring practical findings in the process. The research adopts in-depth interviews, field trips and literature review; however, the interviewed people are including policy departments and the executives of self-help organizations. Interviewed people proposed the suggestions for spatial practices and maintenance management, as well as, focus on general consumers to do interview analyses for the demand side. Furthermore, this study attempts to show the advantages and disadvantages of executing models by different administrations of Taipei government, and the discussions of present laws and management regulations of underground malls. At last, hoping the research results can prompt Taipei City Mall into the stage of globalization, provide the references of domestic new joint-development of Rapid Transit Company, and constitute decision makers and executive management plan of underground malls.

碩士
銘傳大學
公共事務學系碩士在職專班
92
Urbanization tends to make land use intensive, sumptuous (or exorbitant) and disorder unless via efficient Public Affair Management System. As Taiwan has come to the stage of globalization accompanied by new international co-operated connections, urban land use has also become multifunctional. The construction of Taipei Rapid Transit System has made the limited land use possible and tri-dimensional. As a result, urban public space such as Taipei City Mall is not only having the transporting advantages, but also fitting the compacted consumption purpose. The aim of this study is to further the understanding of this issue. From the previous literature review and experiences, the activities inside the underground malls would not be disturbed by weather conditions. Moreover, the spatial format and purpose of underground mall is meant to be multifunctional in that it can be holiday squares, art appreciation center, farm product exhibition center, parking lot, emergent shelter and so forth. In 2002, Vice President Lu Hsiu-Lien had suggested the concerning department to set “Taipei window” in Taipei City Mall as an entry to introduce the features of city cultures of Taiwan; meanwhile, by imitating the setting of information station in Taipei City Mall and east side underground mall, the government could be more friendly to people. As indicated by research case, the underground mall not only has the function of “economic consumption”, but also the function of combining of cultural heritage and public private participation. This research intends to study the case of underground mall in Taipei City, hoping to bring practical findings in the process. The research adopts in-depth interviews, field trips and literature review; however, the interviewed people are including policy departments and the executives of self-help organizations. Interviewed people proposed the suggestions for spatial practices and maintenance management, as well as, focus on general consumers to do interview analyses for the demand side. Furthermore, this study attempts to show the advantages and disadvantages of executing models by different administrations of Taipei government, and the discussions of present laws and management regulations of underground malls. At last, hoping the research results can prompt Taipei City Mall into the stage of globalization, provide the references of domestic new joint-development of Rapid Transit Company, and constitute decision makers and executive management plan of underground malls.

碩士
國立政治大學
地政研究所
96
Since railway started to go underground in 1984, the underground streets have been emerging as popular city facilities in Taipei Megalopolis. Up to now, eight underground streets have been developed. In recent years, most researches about underground streets emphasize the importance of administration, and regard them as the extension of commercial space within cities, especially in the commerce-intensive cities such as Taipei. On the contrary, the underground streets’ original meaning and function of planning and design had been ignored. Owing to the complex and particular characteristics of these places, systematical diagnosis is needed to be discovered in spatial planning. For constructing an evaluation framework, this research reviews references related to pedestrian space, commercial space, and underground streets firstly. And, FDM (Fuzzy Delphi Method) method was utilized to extract proper impact criteria. To the evaluation framework, including three dimensions “traffic function”, “commercial environment”, and “disaster-prevention and security”, etc. Furthermore, ANP (Analytic Network Process) method was used to overcome the inter-correlation of each impact criteria for refining the evaluation framework and also generate the weight values. Both dimensions include “traffic function” and “disaster-prevention show high weight values as expected, contrarily regard “commercial environment” as accidental function of underground streets. Finally, based on this evaluation framework, user questionnaires were designed and surveyed in the Taipei Station Front Metro Mall and the East Metro Mall, for discovering the issues underground streets confront at present. Research results show that the planning of East Metro Mall is better than Taipei Station Front Metro Mall in the dimension of “traffic function” and“ commercial environment”. In the aspect of “disaster-prevention and security”, both these underground streets don’t have enough contingency ability, and should be improved immediately. According to the research findings, this study suggests some solutions for traffic function and commercial environment, and also emphasizes how to improve the planning of “disaster-prevention and security”. Moreover, related standards and guidelines for design and planning should be drawn up in related laws and regulations, in order to keep the quality and safety of underground streets’ space.

Le principal objectif de ce travail est le développement, l'application et la validation de nouveaux traceurs hydrogéologiques sur la base de signatures spectrales spécifiques des matières organiques dissoutes (MOD) et du suivi de leur évolution dans les hydrosystèmes karstiques méditerranéens. Pour cela, de nombreuses analyses hydrodynamiques et hydrochimiques ont été réalisées, et plusieurs méthodes de caractérisation de la MOD ont été utilisées. Le travail s'est alors fondé sur l'étude de différents niveaux du bassin expérimental de la Fontaine de Vaucluse (sol, épikarst et zone non saturée), grâce à un accès privilégié rendu possible par le Laboratoire Souterrain à Bas Bruit de Rustrel-Pays d'Apt (Vaucluse, France). Un bon traceur hydrogéologique requiert des caractéristiques particulières (solubilité dans l'eau, stabilité, tendance faible à l'adsorption, limite de détection faible et des variations bien identifiables). Les composés organiques correspondant le mieux à ces critères sont des substances dérivées de la décomposition de la lignine. Leurs différentes caractéristiques et leurs faibles concentrations dans l'hydrosystème poussent à utiliser des modes de détection suffisamment sensibles tels que la spectrométrie de fluorescence et la Résonance Paramagnétique Électronique (RPE). L’application conjointe des analyses en RPE et en spectrofluorimétrie sur les lixiviats de sols et les eaux souterraines du LSBB permet de proposer deux protocoles de traçages hydrogéologiques. Le premier concerne la détermination des zones superficielles de sol appartenant au bassin d’alimentation des écoulements suivis. Le second, s'appuyant notamment sur l'évolution et la dynamique des MOD dans l'hydrosystème, correspond au développement de traceurs quantitatifs du temps de transit de l'eau pouvant s’appliquer de manière évènementielle par le marquage d’une période particulière de leur variation, ou en continu permettant ainsi le suivi des variations du temps de transit. Enfin, le rapprochement des résultats obtenus par ces nouveaux traceurs organiques avec ceux d'un traceur isotopique (l'oxygène 18) a permis de tester la validité des calculs du temps de transit, mais aussi de démontrer leur complémentarité
The aim of this study is to develop, apply and validate new hydrogeological tracers, based on specific spectral fingerprints of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM), and a monitoring of their evolution in Mediterranean karstic hydrosystems. Many hydrodynamic and hydrochemical analyses were made, and several DOM characterization methods were used. The basis of this work is therefore the study of different levels of Fontaine de Vaucluse experimental basin (soil, epikarst and unsaturated zone), thanks to a privileged access : the Low-Noise Underground Laboratory of Rustrel - Pays d’Apt (Vaucluse, France). Good hydrogeological tracers require specific characteristics (water solubility, stability, a low tendency to adsorption, a low detection limit and identifiable variations). Organic compounds, corresponding to these criterions at best, are lignin-derived compounds. Their different characteristics and their low concentrations in the hydrosystem drive us to use sensitive enough detection methods, such as fluorescence spectrometry and Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR). Linked application of EPR and spectrofluorimetric analyses of leachate soil and LSBB groundwater allow to develop two hydrogeological tracing protocols. The first one concerns the determination of upper soil zone, which belongs to monitoring flow catchment area. The second one, using the evolution and the dynamics of DOM in the hydrosystem, corresponds to the development of transit time qualitative tracers, which apply either in an event-driven way by the marking of specific period of their variations, or continuously allowing the monitoring of transit time variations. Finally, the comparison between the results obtained by these new organic tracers and by an isotopic tracer (18 Oxygen) allows to validate transit time calculations and prove their complementarity

碩士
中原大學
室內設計研究所
105
When the passengers take the public transportation on the ground, they can see the change from the surrounding scenery immediately and distinguished themselves in the position and the way forward. But when they take the MRT underground as the transportation, they can’t see the landscape environment which can be memorize for identification and perceive their own location by the environment. It makes considerable insecurity when in the process of moving and don’t know the location. But in the basement level of the Taipei MRT station, we can see the similar color and material to build the indoor space of the station so that the individual site is similar space for passengers to move. And it is difficult to feel the changes in space. This study takes the underground platform of the MRT station in Taipei Xinyi Line as the main objective, and explores the spatial identity factors by the case study. By discussing the relevant research theories of city image and spatial identity. Explore the problem of how to improve the existing situation through the creation of the spatial identity space of the Xinyi Line.

A Research Report submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Science 2017
Health and safety of employees within their work environment is critical. In the mining industry and especially in underground mines, monitoring and management of health and safety of employees is particularly important Most underground mines today are not fully mechanized, except for coal mines. The industry thus still relies on and employs human personnel. Monitoring and managing these mines and hence personnel health and safety as they undertake their trade is therefore a necessity. Implementation of technology, especially in digital sensor systems and real-time spatial analysis systems, provides a means by which health and safety risk factors can be monitored and information gathered to facilitate determination of prevailing risks or prediction of such risks. Technology therefore can be used to make better decisions and implement specialized emergency response to avert or reduce the extent of injuries, casualties and damages in an underground mine. This research project looks into determination of prominent risk factors in an underground mine, determination of parameters for modeling of such risk factors and the implementation of ESRI’s ArcGIS platform for the retrieval and analysis of streaming sensor data about this parameter from an underground mine. A proof of concept (POC) system is developed that analyses streaming digital sensor data and determines the status of the underground mine environment. The results from this analysis are displayed in a dashboard application for a control room environment. The results and achievements of this research project, especially from a dashboard system perspective, show the possibilities of an integrated GIS-based solution for real-time data processing and determination of the prevailing conditions in an underground mine. This solution also opens up a wide pool of possibilities through which systems integration and its benefits can be achieved, especially in underground mines and focusing on health and safety, as previously silo systems can be integrated at data levels, enabling data sharing, analysis, predictions and making of informed decisions.
MT2018