Journal articles on the topic 'Underground pipelines Design and construction'
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1
Fu, Mi. "Strategies for the Application of BIM Technology in the Collaborative Planning and Design of Urban Roads and Pipelines." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 6 (November 21, 2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i6.4481.
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Urban road construction and the laying of underground pipelines are both important elements in the improvement of urban infrastructure, while the construction of the two may affect and restrict each other if they are not planned systematically. Therefore, a synergistic design of urban roads and pipelines is needed to ensure the synergy of urban road construction and underground pipeline laying. This paper mainly analyzes the necessity of building information modeling (BIM) technology application in the collaborative planning and design of urban roads and pipelines, and explores the application strategy of BIM technology.
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Ma, Rui, Chongzheng Yi, Li Zhang, and Jianguo Yan. "Design of and Research on underground pipeline system in campus based on 3DGIS." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202016503004.
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The underground pipeline of campus is an extremely complex and huge system, and the traditional pipeline management mode can no longer meet the requirements of campus development and planning. The 3D geographic information visualization method can accurately describe the location and distribution information of various pipelines and spatial features, which can better serve the management of underground pipelines on campus. This paper designed overall framework and technology framework of underground pipeline information system, the system is satisfied with the PC, Web, mobile terminal and other multi-client access. In this paper, the key technology points of underground pipeline system construction on campus are comprehensively analyzed, and the feasibility of the technology is verified by combining with the practical application of underground pipeline system in lanzhou university.
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Kawashima, Kazuhiko. "Introduction to Dr. Okubo's Paper Entitled "Aseismic Considerations of Transportation Systems"." Journal of Disaster Research 1, no. 3 (December 1, 2006): 390. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2006.p0390.
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Damage to underground water pipes can be traced back to the 1923 Kanto earthquake, and it was well recognized from the early days that seismic effect was important in the construction of underground structures. It was not known, however, how seismic effect could be included in the design and construction of underground structures. In the late 1960s, field measurements and shaking table experiments gradually showed that ground deformation developed during an earthquake induced deformation in underground structures. This finding led to the development of new seismic design for underground structures embedded in subsurface ground. This was first designated as the “seismic deformation method” when the “new seismic design method” was developed as the final accomplishment in a five-year research project by the Ministry of Construction in 1977. In the 1960s and 1970s, Dr. Okubo took the leadership in developing seismic design methods for underground tunnels, pipelines, and bridges. Transportation of aviation petroleum was a critical requirement for the new Narita International Airport. Because no alternatives for transporting aviation petroleum other than pipeline embedded under national roads were possible in congested urban areas, it was important to protect pipelines and roads against seismic effects. When the law for petroleum pipelines went into effect, a seismic design method for petroleum pipelines was included in the notice on technical detailing on petroleum pipelines in 1973. This was the first mandated requirement for underground structures in seismic effects. Subsequently, seismic design based on the seismic deformation method has been extensively used for underground structures. Dr. Toshio Iwasaki, head of the Ground Vibration Division of the Public Works Research Institute of the Ministry of Construction at that time named this method the “seismic deformation method.” The author, a researcher of the Ground Vibration Division at the time, proposed calling it the “deformation method.” Because “deformation method” was widely used in computational structural analysis, Dr. Iwasaki suggested adding “seismic” to “deformation method.” As shown in his paper, Dr. Okubo contributed greatly to clarifying the failure mechanism of seismic damage, and compiled technical knowledge on seismic effect in various design codes. His interest extended beyond underground structures to bridges, roads, and dams. He expanded the foundation of seismic design of civil infrastructures in the early days of earthquake engineering.
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Wang, Zhixue, Yongbin Liu, Haibin Liang, Zhe Xu, Fanxi Bu, Jina Zhang, Hua Du, Yan Wang, and Shuangqing Chen. "Leakage Analysis and Hazardous Boundary Determination of Buried Gas Pipeline Considering Underground Adjacent Confined Space." Energies 15, no. 18 (September 19, 2022): 6859. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15186859.
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Urban underground construction projects are intertwined vertically and horizontally, and adjacent confined spaces such as water supply and drainage pipelines, side ditches and underground canals may exist near buried gas pipelines. Once the buried gas pipeline leaks, the gas will diffuse into the confined space through the soil and even enter the residential room by the confined space, which brings serious potential safety hazards. In this paper, the underground adjacent confined space hazardous boundary (HB) of underground gas pipeline leakage was defined, the distribution properties of gas leakage diffusion flow field were analyzed by numerical simulation and the distribution law of gas entering the confined space was studied. Using the least-squares method and multiple regression theory, the gas concentration prediction model in the adjacent confined space of buried gas pipeline leakage was established, the HB calculation model was further deduced, and the HB drawing board was drawn. The results showed that in the initial stages, the internal and external pressure and velocity distribution of the pipeline near the leakage hole were unstable, reaching a stable state after 60 s, and then the reverse flow occurred in the pipeline downstream of the leak hole. Reducing the minimum construction distance between the buried gas pipeline and the confined space improved the gas distribution concentration in the confined space. When the minimum construction distance increased from 3 m to 9 m, the gas concentration distribution decreased from 90.21% to 0.88%. Meanwhile, increasing the pipeline pressure and leakage diameter enhanced the gas concentration distribution in the confined space. The HB calculation model and HB drawing board realize the rapid determination of the HB between buried gas pipeline and confined space and offer a more reasonable basis for the design of gas pipeline safe distance in urban underground engineering construction.
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Wang, Yu, Jiangwei Shi, and Charles W. W. Ng. "Numerical modeling of tunneling effect on buried pipelines." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 48, no. 7 (July 2011): 1125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t11-024.
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The underground space in urban areas is frequently congested with utilities, including pipelines and conduits, that are affected by underground construction, e.g., tunneling. This paper carries out finite element (FE) analyses to investigate the effects of tunneling-induced ground movement on pipelines, with special attention to the different soil responses to uplift and downward pipe–soil relative movements. A series of numerical parametric studies with 900 FE simulation runs in total is performed to encompass various combinations of ground settlement profiles, pipe dimensions, material properties, pipe burial depth, and soil properties that are typical for utility pipelines and tunnel construction in urban areas. The results are summarized in a dimensionless plot of relative pipe–soil stiffness versus ratio of maximum pipe curvature to maximum ground curvature, which can be used to directly estimate the maximum pipe bending strain and (or) to directly assess the tunneling-induced risk to pipelines. The FE results and dimensionless plot are validated against field and centrifuge test results reported in the literature. Effect of pipeline orientation with respect to the tunnel centerline is explored. It might be unconservative if design analysis only considers the case that the pipeline is perpendicular to the tunnel centerline.
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Hernández-Santos, Carlos, Ernesto Rincon, Yasser A. Davizón, Adriana Vargas-Martínez, and Alejandro R. Said. "Robotics Navigation System for Mapping Underground Hydraulic Networks." Machines 10, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines10070509.
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This paper presents the model, design, and simulation for a navigation system developed for a group of mobile robots dedicated to the production of maps for underground hydraulic infrastructure. The system can operate internally in unknown pipeline networks without GPS support, integrating Tarry’s principles of deep search, Pledge modify discrimination, and topographic orientation transfer, in the temporary construction of a reference network independent of peripheral inertial navigation. The acquisition of topographic objectives for mapping is done by laser collimation and radio frequency synchronization with an angular and longitudinal precision of sigma II range. The maps produced contain the polygonal axes of the network pipelines.
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Qian, Tong Hui, Hao Wu, Gao Wen Zhao, and Bi Hao Fu. "Deformation Monitoring and Environmental Protection for Deep Foundation Pit Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 2970–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.2970.
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For researching the influence of excavation constructing to the environment, we took many measures to monitor the deformation of retaining structure, underground pipelines, groundwater-bit and surface cracks, according to the actual situation of the engineering. Obtained the deformation discipline and force characteristics of the excavation, as well as the discipline of influence. From the results of monitoring, it showed that monitoring is the key to the informative construction of the excavation. Analysis the result of monitoring dynamically, can guide the construction, and adjustment the design. From the engineering, it might have large influence to the environment even the design was reasonable and the retaining system met the security conditions. So, a economic and fitting, security and reliable technology plan for protecting the buildings, roads and pipelines close to the excavation is necessary.
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Lv, Xiao Biao, and Zi Jian Liang. "Case Study of Three-Dimensional Optimization Design on Architectural MEP Based on BIM." Applied Mechanics and Materials 507 (January 2014): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.507.177.
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MEP (Mechanical,Electrical,Plumping) includes vast amount of equipment types and pipelines in the integrated design, leading the coordination of MEP design optimization a major challenge for complex buildings. This document explains the technical processes and characteristics of the three-dimensional MEP design optimization based on BIM(Building Information Modeling), connected with the case of the integrated pipeline optimization design practice of a hospital building. Though establishing the BIM model of four-space underground pipeline network system in a hospital outpatient building, we carried out MEP collision checking, obtaining three-dimensional spatial information 102 collision points. Combined with manual screening we finally identified 67 valid point of conflict, for the construction of secondary pipeline network optimization design. In particular, the suggestion on the promotion and application of BIM-based building MEP design to municipal pipeline network in the future is proposed.
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Zhang, Jin, Zejun Han, Hongyuan Fang, and Linqing Yang. "Analysis for Dynamic Response of Buried Steel Pipeline in Cross-Anisotropic Layered Soils." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, no. 07 (July 2020): 2071006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420710066.
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The interaction between underground pipelines and soils is crucial to the design and maintenance of underground pipeline network systems. In this paper, the dynamic stiffness matrix in the frequency-domain of the buried pipeline is obtained by the improved scaled boundary finite element method (SBFEM) coupled with the finite element method (FEM) at the interface between the far and near fields. A new coordinate transformation together with a scaled line is introduced in the improved SBFEM. Combined with the mixed variable algorithm, the time-domain solution of the buried pipeline under dynamic loads is then obtained. The accuracy of the proposed algorithm was verified by numerical examples. A parametric study is performed to assess the influence of the anisotropic characteristics of the layered soils on the dynamic response of the pipeline, the result of which provides a reliable basis for engineering practice. The results show that these parameters have a significant impact on the pipeline. The understanding of this impact can contribute to the design, construction, and maintenance of the corresponding engineering projects.
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Rauf Huseynli, Rauf Huseynli. "PURPOSE AND DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPRESSOR STATION." PAHTEI-Procedings of Azerbaijan High Technical Educational Institutions 06, no. 02 (April 9, 2021): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/pahtei0602202153.
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All work on the construction of pumping and compressor stations is usually divided into two groups of zero cycle work and ground cycle work. The work of the zero cycle includes the preparation of the construction site, earthworks, work on the construction of foundations for buildings, pumping units and technological equipment, work on the construction of underground pipelines and utilities. The work of the ground cycle includes work on the construction of buildings for pumping and compressor shops and auxiliary buildings, installation work on installation and fixing on the foundations in the design position of pumping units. Compressor stations (CS) have been installed along the pipeline route to maintain a certain flow rate of the transported gas and to ensure optimal pressure in the pipeline. A modern compressor station is a complex engineering structure that provides the basic technological processes for the preparation and transportation of natural gas. Keywords: compressor stations, gas pipeline, building structure, Booster compressor stations.
11
Deng, Shifan, Siyu Ma, Xiaowen Zhang, and Shiqiang Zhang. "Integrated Detection of a Complex Underground Water Supply Pipeline System in an Old Urban Community in China." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (February 23, 2020): 1670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041670.
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An underground water supply pipeline system is an integral part of urban infrastructure. The safety, stability, reliability, and efficiency of this water system are critical for the daily work and livelihood of the people dependent on it. However, with the development of cities in China, the water supply systems in urban communities require constant re-building and improvement, which complicates the system. Considering the defects of obsolete design, lack of information, and irregularity of the constructions over the years, the maintenance of underground pipelines in older communities is onerous and arduous. In this work, the older pipeline system at the Taibai campus of Northwest University, Shaanxi Province, was taken as one typical old urban community and investigated by different measures. Detection was performed from the available concentrated water supply wells to surrounding areas combining electromagnetic induction, geophysical method by ground-penetrating radar (GPR), and acoustic detection methods. Applying the integrated detection method and considering known pipeline network designs, the properties and complex relationships of different pipeline materials (cast iron, polyethylene (PE), and polyvinyl chloride (PVC)) were determined. In addition, a spatial distribution map of the pipes from wells and the main input water supply pipelines was achieved. The results suggest that the integrated detection scheme combining these three methods provides an effective approach to analyze complex water supply pipelines in older communities, in which each single detection method has more uncertainties. The study provides valuable references for similar communities in many developing countries.
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Kulikova, E. Yu. "Methodical principles for improving the ecological and technological reliability of urban underground structures." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 6-1 (May 20, 2020): 176–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-61-0-176-185.
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Construction processes and construction conditions are never repeated. Therefore, a method for improving environmental and technological reliability, which is applicable to the development of underground space, is necessary. Improving environmental and technological reliability in the development of the underground space of cities should be based on the reliability of the construction technologies. Systematization and analysis of world experience in the use of various combinations of construction technologies that increase the reliability of construction of underground facilities is an urgent scientific task, the solution of which allows increasing the efficiency of underground space development. Modern experience of underground construction expands the range of possibilities for improving the reliability of underground space development, based on the use of various underground construction technologies. Thus, the design of the head part of the tunneling boards is being improved, and the range of conditions for their use is increasing from inhomogeneous unstable soils to fragmented rock formations. The technology of micro - and mini-tunneling for laying pipelines for various purposes is becoming widespread. In almost any mining and geological conditions and at any depth, the new Austrian method of tunneling is used. Methods of soil strengthening aimed at reducing the risk of precipitation of the earth’s surface in urban conditions are being improved: chemical reinforcement, jet-grouting, etc. The role of monitoring of deformations and sedimentation of the earth’s surface in the area of underground object placement, its scientific support at all stages of the life cycle, and measures to minimize all types of risk is increasing.
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Vereshchaka, Tamara V., Marina Y. Bakanova, and A. L. Stepanchenko. "Cartographic support of design, construction and operation of underground gas storage in rock salt." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-382-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Investigated the directions of use of topographic maps and requirements for them at different stages of design, construction and operation of underground gas storages in rock salt – one of the most important parts of Russia's Unified gas supply system. The specificity, complexity and diversity of cartographic support of this industry emphasized. A new type of topographic map is proposed, the content of which is subjected specially to the purpose of creating underground gas storage with the display of information about the objects of the entire complex of storage, their parameters, and data about development of dangerous natural and anthropogenic processes.</p><p>The system of notation conventions is developed: a) wells of various type and purpose, their characteristics; b) underground and surface objects of storage in the form of water-brine and technological complexes, pipelines for various purposes; c) environmental monitoring facilities, specially protected areas. The necessity substantiated to supplement the main original of the map with text characteristics with thematic maps-insert and 3-D models (figure 1).</p><p>As the most current thematic maps are considered: the depth and power of the salt rocks (figure 2); the calculated subsidence trough of the earth's surface (figure 3); the zone of maximum spread of the construction of the brine and mineralization of groundwater (figure 4).</p><p>In general, all the presented developments characterize a new type of specialized topographic map for the design, construction and operation of underground gas storage.</p>
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Sun, Feng, Rong Pan, and Tie Lin Chen. "Study on Grouting Heave for Pipeline Underground in Urban Tunnel Engineering." Applied Mechanics and Materials 477-478 (December 2013): 492–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.477-478.492.
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Surface settlement and ground loss can be found inevitably and safety risk of pipeline underground is brought consequently due to excavation, no matter what kind of construction method is adopted. Grouting is increasingly used as the corrective measure to minimize the safety risk of pipeline underground, which means grouting in subjacent bed to raising the pipeline and keep settlement in control. Based on the project of raising an existing pipeline by grouting during the construction of the Huangzhuang station of Beijing Metro, general empirical formula and the finite-difference numerical simulation by FLAC are introduced to study the pipeline deformation caused by excavation, fracture grouting is designed in accordance with the factors mentioned above. The research results can provide references to the construction and design of raising pipeline by grouting in urban tunnel engineering.
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Bryakin, Ivan V., and Igor V. Bochkarev. "Hybrid Induction Sensing Method for Detection of Underground Cable Lines and Pipelines." Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes, no. 2(43) (June 28, 2019): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2019-2(43)-70-78.
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The analysis of the principles of searchers construction was carried out. It was found that induction route methods based on measurements of secondary electromagnetic fields, which are created by currents induced in a cable by independent radiating systems using third-party power sources, have received the greatest use. For the implementation of these methods, radiating systems of various types are used, such as frame or vibrator antennas. When building locators, the mutual distribution of the receiving and transmitting coils is of particular importance. The research group considered options for the mutual arrangement of the coils. It was found that when building a track finding equipment, two basic methods of control are widely used: the response method of the electromagnetic field parameters to the internal or surface impedance of the medium when the electromagnetic field propagates in or above the ground, respectively, and the input impedance response method of the receiving frame on the electromagnetic properties of the medium being probed. Based on the features of these two methods, a new hybrid method of induction sounding was proposed, which actually combines these two methods. When implementing this hybrid method, an induction probe (IP), which is an induction transducer of a magnetic field into an electrical signal, contains a receiving ferrite antenna (FA) and a loop antenna (LA), and LA combines the functions of transmitting and receiving antennas. A design variant of an IP with coplanar placement of FA relative to LA, which provides full geometric compensation of the primary field, is proposed. When IP operates, information is recorded on one information channel from LA (the current value of the amplitude of the exciting current) and on two information channels from the FA (current values of the amplitudes of the voltages of the active and reactive components of the output signal of the FA, respectively). The implementation of such information redundancy significantly increases the information content, efficiency and reliability of the proposed hybrid method.
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Шамилов, Хирамагомед Шехмагомедович, Ринат Маратович Каримов, Айдар Кабирович Гумеров, Анвар Рашитович Валеев, and Радмир Расулевич Ташбулатов. "Optimization of design solutions for main pipeline projects in conditions of island and intermittent permafrost." SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGIES OIL AND OIL PRODUCTS PIPELINE TRANSPORTATION, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 136–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2021-11-2-136-144.
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Представлены результаты численных экспериментальных исследований по оптимизации проектных решений при прокладке участков магистральных трубопроводов в условиях распространения прерывистой и островной мерзлоты. Обоснована нецелесообразность использования надземного способа прокладки трубопровода на опорах при незначительной протяженности зон многолетнемерзлых пород. В качестве альтернативы указан метод подземного закрепления участков с помощью специально разработанных анкерных опор на гибких тягах. При расчете конструкции опор учитываются особенности знакопеременных сезонных нагрузок, возникающих при различных вариантах оттаивания траншей в мерзлых породах под действием температуры окружающей среды и самого трубопровода. С целью оценки напряженно-деформированного состояния отклонившихся от проектного положения подземных участков трубопровода разработана многофакторная конечно-элементная модель, позволяющая рассчитать допустимые нагрузки и определить места опасных сечений для выбора максимального шага расстановки опор. В результате расчетов подтверждена нецелесообразность использования теплоизоляции, вес которой многократно увеличивает уровень напряженности на опасных сечениях как при всплытии, так и при провисании трубопровода в оттаившей траншее. Для трубопровода диаметром 1200 мм определены допустимые значения протяженности пролетов - максимальный шаг расстановки подземных опор. Проведены оптимизационные расчеты для различных сочетаний постоянных и переменных нагрузок, по результатам которых подтверждена возможность сокращения количества опорных конструкций путем исключения теплоизоляции, ограничения температуры монтажа и укладки упругим изгибом в направлении, обратном направлению стрелы прогнозируемого прогиба оси трубопровода. The results of numerical experimental studies on optimization of construction of main pipelines in areas of intermittent and seasonally melting permafrost are presented. The paper is devoted to inexpediency of an aboveground method of laying the pipeline on supports in small areas of island permafrost zones characterized by solid ice lenses and heaving mounds. Alternatively, the method of underground anchoring of sections using specially designed anchor supports on flexible rods is proposed. The design of these supports takes into account the features of alternating seasonal loads that occur in various variants of thawing trenches in frozen rocks under the influence of ambient temperatures and the pipeline itself. In order to assess the stress-strain state of underground sections that deviated from the design position, a multi-factor finite element model was developed that allows to calculate the permissible loads and determine the places of dangerous cross-sections for selecting the maximum step of placement of supports. As a result of calculations performed using the developed mathematical model in ANSYS, it was confirmed that it is not practical to use thermal insulation, the weight of which repeatedly increases the level of tension at dangerous sections, both when surfacing and when sagging sections in a thawed trench. For a pipeline with a diameter of 1200 mm, the permissible values of spans are defined - the maximum step of placement of underground supports. Using the developed model, optimization calculations were performed for various combinations of constant and variable loads, during which the possibility of reducing the number of support structures by eliminating thermal insulation, limiting the installation temperature and laying the underground section with an elastic bend in the direction opposite to the predicted deflection of the pipeline axis during thawing of the soil was confirmed.
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Park, Seung-Hoon, Yong-Sung Jang, and Eui-Jong Kim. "Design and Performance Evaluation of a Heat Pump System Utilizing a Permanent Dewatering System." Energies 14, no. 8 (April 18, 2021): 2273. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14082273.
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The earth provides a vast resource of groundwater from aquifers a few meters beneath the surface. Thus, buildings that use underground space must be equipped with dewatering wells to drain the permeated groundwater to the sewage pipelines to ensure the structural stability of the building. Although the inflowing groundwater temperatures and flow rates are stable enough for groundwater to be used as an energy source, 79% of the permeated groundwater is discarded through the sewers, generating significant sewerage expenses. This study introduced a novel heat exchanger module to utilize the permeated groundwater as an unused energy source using heat pumps, and the performance of the system was evaluated by TRNSYS simulations. First, the sizing of the unit heat exchanger module was proposed according to the mean inflow rate of the permeated groundwater. Second, the heat pump system was configured using multiple modules in the source-side loop. Finally, the performance of the proposed heat pump system was compared with that of a conventional air source heat pump using realistic load and temperature profiles. This preliminary study demonstrated interesting performance results, with a coefficient of performance for heating that was higher than that of a conventional heat pump system by 0.79. The results show the potential utilization of the systems for a construction project requiring large-scale underground spaces, where abundant groundwater is available.
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Skvortsov, Alexey A., and Elena B. Cherepetskaya. "Assessment of Factors Affecting the Final Value of «Volume Loss» by TBM Tunneling." Applied Mechanics and Materials 843 (July 2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.843.1.
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This paper covers design diagrams and algorithms for determining the strain state of soil mass in case of its underworking. When tunnels are constructed in restrained urban conditions peculiar to megapolises, there is an acute problem related to the assessment of their influence on the existing above-and underground facilities. The strains of buildings and structures that occur as a result of underground construction work may have an impact on the operation reliability of these facilities. Russian regulatory documents in the area of underground urban construction strictly govern the basic parameters of the subsidence trough, such as maximum vertical subsidence, curvature, inclination, etc., for most of the existing underworked structures. Such facilities include both buildings and structures of various purposes above ground and different types of utilities (roads and railways, pipelines, cable lines, etc.). The method described in the paper offers the use of an integral quantity of "volume loss" when tunneling is performed by tunnel-boring machines. The "volume loss" term shall be understood to mean the distance between tunnel lining and soil mass, which initially occurs due to the difference between rotor diameter and lining outside diameter. There are also a number of other technology factors affecting the increase of this parameter, and their quantitative assessment is given in this paper. The method proposed in this paper makes it possible to promptly assess the impact of tunneling operations on the existing underworked structures with account of basic influencing factors.
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Li, Jun, Ming Zhou, Ya Nan Si, and Jia Jia Li. "Trenchless Repair Technology and Application of Urban Sewer System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 992–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.992.
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With the constant expansion of urban construction, the rapid development of urban underground pipeline becomes complex. Due to disrepair, improper maintenance and management and other factors, the urban sewer appears varying degrees of damage phenomenon. Therefore, the urban underground sewer repair becomes an urgent problem. This article introduces the methods of trenchless pipe rehabilitation technology and developments at home and abroad. It also elaborates the technology design points of stainless steel foam cylinder repair, combining with engineering examples.
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Yang, Lan. "Research on Type Selection and Plan Design of Urban Overpass." Urban Transportation & Construction 2 (December 4, 2015): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.18686/utc.v2i1.5.
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The urban road overpass has its own features: (1) Calculated vehicle speed is rather low; (2) The traffic organization is complex; a huge amount of non-motorized vehicles and pedestrians are present; (3) The land use is urgent, the buildings are densely distributed around and there is a network of underground pipelines; (4) The road amplitude is rather wide and section is diversified. Therefore, the type selection and design principles of urban road overpass are different from those of highway overpass: First, the form of overpass has to be compatible with the property and traffic functions of crossed road; the selected category assures safe and smooth traffic and continuous vehicle flow; The form of overpass must adapt to the local environmental conditions; an integrated consideration is made under the condition of meeting the traffic requirements in order to make a reasonable use of typography, practice economy to the project operation expense, coordinate with the environment and realize beautiful profile and stylish structure; Special attention is paid to the integration between nearby and remote profiles before an integrated consideration is made; The main line and ramp are collocated in sequence and an integrated arrangement is made; The category is selected according to the actual conditions and favorable conditions are provided for the project construction. This article integrates with the urban overpass case, elaborates on the demand for urban overpass construction and makes use of category selection of overpass to verify the scientific and reasonable properties of plan design.
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Starr, D. C., and A. A. Mulroney. "Ground investigation, design and construction monitoring of a full-face tunnel drive in layered Quaternary deposits." Geological Society, London, Engineering Geology Special Publications 7, no. 1 (1991): 431–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.eng.1991.007.01.40.
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AbstractThe paper describes the results of ground investigations carried out to assess alternative methods of constructing a pipeline at shallow depth close to old buildings. A layered sequence of Quaternary alluvial and fluvio-glacial deposits is described, and high groundwater flows in gravels are linked to upstream underground sources in limestone. The effectiveness of two sets of ground probing radar equipment is assessed, and a maximum penetration of 4m is indicated where gravel layers are thickest. The first use in the UK of an Iseki Unclemole EPB tunnelling machine is described, and measurements of settlement and heave above the centre line of the pipeline indicate maximum vertical displacements of about 10mm. Mix design for the bentonite slurry face support is briefly discussed.
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Wiśniowski, Rafał, Paweł Łopata, and Grzegorz Orłowicz. "Numerical Methods for Optimization of the Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Well Path Trajectory." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 24, 2020): 3806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153806.
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Advances in the field of material engineering, computerization, automation, and equipment miniaturization enable modernization of the existing technologies and development of new solutions for construction, inspection, and renovation of underground pipelines. Underground pipe installations are used in the energy sector, gas industry, telecommunications, water and sewage transport, heating, chemical industry, and environmental engineering. In order to build new pipeline networks, dig and no-dig techniques are used. Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) is one of the most popular trenchless technologies. The effectiveness of HDD technology application is mostly determined by its properly designed trajectory. Drilling failures and complications, which often accompany the application of the HDD technology, result from poor design of the well path in relation to the existing geological and drilling conditions. The article presented two concepts of Horizontal Directional Drilling well path trajectory design: Classic sectional, which is a combination of straight and curvilinear sections, and a single-section chain curve trajectory (catenary). Taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of the catenary trajectory relative to the sectional trajectory, the author’s solution was presented, which was the implementation of the sectional trajectory with a maximum shape similarity to the catenary trajectory. The new approach allowed us to take advantage of a chain curve trajectory and was easier to implement using the available technology. The least squares method, based on deviations from a catenary trajectory, was set as the matching criterion. The process of searching for a trajectory, being a combination of straight and curvilinear sections as similar as possible to a catenary-type trajectory, was carried out using two methodologies: State space search and a genetic algorithm. The article shows the pros and cons of both optimization methodologies. Taking into account the technical and technological limitations of HDD drilling devices, a new approach was proposed, combining the methodology of state space search with the genetic algorithm. A calculation example showed the application of the proposed methodology in an engineering design process.
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Chang, Te Hsing. "Assessment of Diaphragm Wall's Structural Impact on Groundwater Hydrology." Advanced Materials Research 250-253 (May 2011): 1098–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.250-253.1098.
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The Southern Taiwan Science Park (STSP) is located between Hsinshi Township and Shanhua Township of Tainan County, with the newly-built, high-speed railway running through its eastern side. The low-frequency vibration which was generated by passing high-speed trains causes environmental disturbances to industries within the Park. To address this issue, the implementation of vibration-reduction project with detailed design and construction was provided. The diaphragm wall-type vibration reduction walls will be built along the borderline between Hsinshi Township and Shanhua Township to reduce the impact on industries. The diaphragm wall structure will block groundwater from flowing to affect the underground hydrology. This study was aimed to discuss and assess the best configuration for the vibration reduction effects and environmental impacts. Numerical analysis of the impacts on groundwater hydrology was conducted in two cases. The simulation results indicated that both sides of diaphragm walls developed gaps in groundwater levels. Hence, diaphragm walls effectively reduced adverse impacts on groundwater hydrology with openings at locations where underground pipelines ran. Such variations were within the scope of groundwater level of high water and low water periods. Therefore, surface runoff and land subsidence resulting from the diaphragm wall construction were not severe. As diaphragm walls were made of impermeable materials, pumping water nearby made the groundwater level drawdown effects worse. Groundwater level variations resulting from pumping water were far greater than the regional groundwater level variations after the establishment of diaphragm walls. Special attention must be paid to this situation in follow-up management.
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Fu, Xiao, Jun Wei Bi, Zhi Jia Wang, and Chang Wei Yang. "Shaking Table Test of Underground Pipeline under Three Dimension Seismic Excitation – Numerical Simulation." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 960–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.960.
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Based on the design of the large-scale shaking table test of an underground pipeline under three dimension seismic excitation, the dynamic response of the soil-structure is analyzed by using ANSYS. In the numerical simulation, Drucker-Prager constitutive model is adopted to simulate the soil, the interface between soil and pipeline are simulated with zero thickness contact elements, size effects of test box are diminished by defining viscoelastic boundary around soil, the acceleration time history curve of the original earthquake wave is compressed and processed according to using the model scale similarity and energy duration which is presented by Trifunac-Brady [1] , and then the characteristic of seismic response of the pipeline can be found. The results show that the top of pipeline is the seismic response intense regional, deformation displacements of the central areas at the bottom and top of pipeline are always larger than others, the entrance and exit are the weak positions of anti-seismic structure; moreover, the dynamic response and interactions of soil-pipeline in the model experiment can be more accurately simulated by the methods presented in the paper. Thus, it can be served as reference for the design and construction of subsurface structures.
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Wang, Jianxiu, Ansheng Cao, Zhao Wu, Zhipeng Sun, Xiao Lin, Lei Sun, Xiaotian Liu, Huboqiang Li, and Yuanwei Sun. "Numerical Simulation of Ultra-Shallow Buried Large-Span Double-Arch Tunnel Excavated under an Expressway." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010039.
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The temporal and spatial effects of a complicated excavation process are vital for an ultra-shallow buried large-span double-arch tunnel excavated under an expressway in service. Numerical simulations are urgent and necessary to understand the effect of the total construction process. Taking Xiamen Haicang tunnel as a research object, the total excavation process of three pilot tunnels and the three-bench reserved core soil method of an ultra-shallow buried large-span double-arch tunnel with a fault fracture zone under an expressway was simulated using software FLAC3D. The deformation of the surface, surrounding rock, underground pipelines, tunnel support structure and partition wall of the three pilot tunnels and the main tunnel was analyzed, and the dangerous areas and time nodes were obtained. When the tunnel was excavated to the fault fracture zone, the deformation of the surface and surrounding rock increased significantly. The rock and soil within 20 m behind the excavation surface of the pilot tunnel were greatly disturbed by the excavation. During the excavation of the main tunnel, the horizontal displacement of the middle partition wall moved slightly towards the main tunnel excavated first. The research results can provide a reference for the construction design of double-arch tunnels.
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Cheng, Wen-Chieh, Ge Li, Annan Zhou, and Jian Xu. "Rethinking the Water Leak Incident of Tunnel LUO09 to Prepare for a Challenging Future." Advances in Civil Engineering 2019 (October 7, 2019): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4695987.
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Incident often occurs while deepening excavation pit and/or tunnelling underground pipelines although serious attention from practitioners, engineers, and scientists has received. Prevention and mitigation of incident have thus been deemed to be the key in developing sustainable infrastructure in urban areas. This study analyses and discusses an extensive water leak incident taken place throughout the parallel tunnels LUO09 construction in the soft alluvial deposits in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Dumping sand bags and quick-set cement intervened the incident but in vain. The water leak incident is initiated by the piping. The existing vehicle underpass causes the jet-grout columns installed not exactly in the plumb. Their overlapping is estimated to be less than the design value of 60 cm, and some seepage-prone weak zones are thus developed. The measured hydraulic gradient being equal to 12.1 and existence of seepage-prone weak zones are deemed as the main cause initiating the water leak incident. The pinhole test results highlight not only the nonplastic nature of the Kaohsiung silt but also its vulnerability to piping under large hydraulic gradients. Some bullet points that indicate what engineers should do or avoid are learned and summarised.
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Zhang, Zhi, Jiaorong Ren, Kaichao Xiao, Zhenzhi Lin, Jiayu Xu, Wei Wang, and Chuanxun Pei. "Cost Allocation Mechanism Design for Urban Utility Tunnel Construction Based on Cooperative Game and Resource Dependence Theory." Energies 12, no. 17 (August 28, 2019): 3309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12173309.
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The urban utility tunnel presents solutions for the sustainable development of urban underground space, and is an important carrier of power distribution network and integrated energy systems. Considering the high investment cost of utility tunnels and the limitations of traditional cost sharing methods (i.e., spatial proportional method, direct-laying cost method and benefit-based proportional method), it is of great significance to establish a fair and practical cost sharing mechanism. First, an improved Shapley value-based spatial proportional method is proposed. A comprehensive decision-making mechanism for utility tunnel construction cost allocation is established by using the improved spatial proportion, the life-cycle direct-laying cost proportion, and the benefit proportion of pipeline companies as the cost allocation indexes. The resource dependence theory is introduced to quantify the bargaining power of each pipeline company in the negotiation of the cost allocation. The weights of the cost allocation indexes in the comprehensive decision-making model are optimized with the objective of maximizing the overall satisfaction of the pipeline companies. Simulations based on the data of utility tunnel pilots in China illustrate that the proposed cost allocation mechanism has the highest overall satisfaction and is more acceptable and more feasible than the traditional cost allocation methods. For power companies, the cost of laying power cables can be significantly reduced by utility tunnels, and laying 10 kV power cables has been shown to have higher economic benefits.
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Chen, Hang. "Study on Ground Engineering and Management of Carbonate Oil Field A under Rolling Development Mode." Frontiers Research of Architecture and Engineering 4, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30564/frae.v4i1.3157.
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Carbonate rock has the characteristics of complicated accumulation rules, large-scale development, high yield but unstable production. Therefore, the management and control of surface engineering projects of carbonate rock oil and gas reservoirs faces huge difficulties and challenges. The construction of surface engineering should conform to the principle of integrated underground and ground construction and adapt to the oilfield development model. This paper takes the newly added area A of the carbonated oil field as an example to study the ground engineering under the rolling development mode and aims to provide the constructive ideas for the surface engineering under rolling development mode. The overall regional process design adheres to the design concept of "environmental protection, efficiency, and innovation", strictly follows the design specifications, and combines reservoir engineering and oil production engineering programs, oil and gas physical properties and chemical composition, product programs, ground natural conditions, etc. According to the technical and economic analysis and comparison of area A, this paper has worked out a suitable surface engineering construction, pipeline network layout and oil and gas gathering and transportation plan for area A. Some auxiliary management recommendations are also proposed in this paper, like sand prevention management and HSE management for carbonate reservoirs.
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Zhang, Lijuan, Yaohua Guo, Haijun Wang, Xuliang Yang, and Jijian Lian. "Research on Vibration Characteristics of an Underground Powerhouse of Large Pumped-Storage Power Station." Energies 15, no. 24 (December 19, 2022): 9637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15249637.
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With the rapid development of pumped storage, the vibration problems caused by the operation of power stations have become increasingly prominent. In this paper, a large-scale pumped-storage power station is taken as the research object, and a three-dimensional refined finite element model of the underground powerhouse including the surrounding rock mass is established. Based on the analysis of the vibration source of the powerhouse and the water diversion pipeline, the modal and dynamic response analysis of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station is carried out, and the distribution law of the larger vibration displacement position is revealed. The calculation results show that under the premise that the vibration source is selected reasonably and the numerical model is accurate, the main frequency of the underground powerhouse structure can be obtained more accurately. After optimizing the design of the underground powerhouse based on the calculation results, the resonance problem of the underground powerhouse of the hydropower station can be avoided. The dynamic elastic modulus of the rock mass around the underground powerhouse has little influence on the mode shape of the powerhouse, but has a great influence on its fundamental frequency. When the dynamic elastic modulus of the rock mass increases by 50%, the fundamental frequency of the plant increases by about 29%. At the same time, the mode shape of each order of the underground powerhouse structure does not change much, mainly manifested as the vibration of the beam system structure, which is mainly caused by the stiffness of the beam system components being much smaller than the structural stiffness of the windshield, machine pier, and mass concrete around the volute. The research results can provide references for the design of underground powerhouses of large-scale pumped-storage power stations and the analysis of vibration problems.
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Wang, Jianxiu, Ansheng Cao, Zhao Wu, Huanran Wang, Xiaotian Liu, Huboqiang Li, and Yuanwei Sun. "Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Grouting Reinforcement Parameters of Ultra-Shallow Buried Double-Arch Tunnel." Applied Sciences 11, no. 21 (November 8, 2021): 10491. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app112110491.
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For an ultra-shallow buried double-arch tunnel with a large cross-section, the arching effect is difficult to form in surrounding rock, and grouting method is often adopted to reinforce the surrounding rock. Hence, examining the grouting reinforcement parameters is of great significance for potential failure and collapse prevention. The land part of Haicang undersea tunnel was selected as a case study; laboratory experiments, theoretical analysis, and numerical simulation were performed to determine the grouting solid strength and grouting reinforcement parameters. The effects of different water–cement ratios on slurry fluidity, setting time, bleeding rate, and sample strength were studied by laboratory experiments. A method was proposed to determine the shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock through the grout water–cement ratio and the unconfined compressive strength of the rock mass. Numerical simulations were performed for grouting reinforcement layer thickness and the water–cement ratios. The deformation and stability law of tunnel surrounding rock and its influence on surrounding underground pipelines were obtained considering the spatial effect of tunnel excavation and grouting reinforcement. The reasonable selection range of grouting reinforcement parameters was proposed. The initial setting time and bleeding rate of cement slurry increased with the increasing water–cement ratio, while the viscosity of cement slurry and sample strength decreased with the increasing water–cement ratio. The shear strength parameters of grouted surrounding rock were determined by the water–cement ratio of grout and unconfined compressive strength of rock mass before grouting. When the thickness of grouting reinforcement layer h = 1.5 m and the water–cement ratio of grout was suggested η = 0.85, the surface settlement, the deformation of the vault, and the deformation of the nearby pipeline all met the design. Moreover, the construction requirements were more economical. Research results can provide a reference for the selection of grouting reinforcement parameters for similar projects.
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van Son, R., S. W. Jaw, J. Yan, V. Khoo, R. Loo, S. Teo, and G. Schrotter. "A FRAMEWORK FOR RELIABLE THREE-DIMENSIONAL UNDERGROUND UTILITY MAPPING FOR URBAN PLANNING." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-4/W10 (September 12, 2018): 209–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-4-w10-209-2018.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> To optimise the use of limited available land, land-scarce cities such as Singapore are increasingly looking towards the underground in search of more space. A good understanding of what already exists underground is essential for the planning of underground spaces. In particular, utility services make up a significant part of what exists underground. To meet planning needs, the Singapore government has initiated efforts towards bringing records of existing utility networks together in a single database and share its contents to support planning, design, and construction of underground developments. However, these records can not be relied on to support these critical processes: They are not guaranteed to represent today’s state of the underground, are not accurate or of unknown accuracy, are inconsistently modelled, and may indicate as-design information instead of as-built information. This lack of reliability leads to an increase in cost and a loss in efficiency caused by the need to repeatedly survey to locate existing utility services on-site, and can have potentially disastrous outcomes when an excavation would damage existing services. Technological advances in utility surveying and mapping devices such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and gyroscopic pipeline mapping devices offer the potential of accurately mapping utilities in three dimensions (3D) at a large scale and high speed. However, a better understanding of the benefits and limitations of these technologies in a practical context is needed, as well as their suitability for mapping to support applications such as urban planning and land administration. The Digital Underground project is a collaboration between Singapore-ETH Centre, Singapore Land Authority and the City of Zürich that aims to develop a roadmap towards a reliable 3D utility map of Singapore. To enable the development of utility mapping standards and guidelines, the 3D mapping workflow for underground utilities is studied extensively based on market research, literature study, and case studies. This work presents the beginnings of a framework for 3D mapping of underground utilities as one of the initial results of the Digital Underground project as it is in progress. From these experiences, it can be concluded that, together with existing data, data captured using various surveying methods can indeed contribute to the establishment and maintenance of a consolidated and reliable utility map. To this end, a multi-sensor, multi-data 3D mapping workflow is proposed to integrate data captured using different surveying techniques during different moments in the development lifecycle of utilities. Based on this framework, this work also identifies areas for improvement and critical gaps to be bridged that will ultimately form part of the roadmap.</p>
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Wang, Zhou, Ligang Wang, Hongfa Liu, Qi Yao, Xiaolong Li, and Xiaolong Wang. "Study on CO2 corrosion behavior and protection technology of gas storage injection production well casing." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 25 (December 13, 2022): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v25i.3475.
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Wen 23 depleted gas reservoir gas storage is the largest underground gas storage in central and eastern China. It shoulders the important tasks of peak shaving, emergency gas supply and smooth operation of pipelines in the natural gas market in central and eastern China.During the construction period of the gas reservoir, a series of anti-corrosion measures, such as high-efficiency annular anti-corrosion protective fluid, have been designed, taking all kinds of corrosion risks of injection and production well casing into full consideration, and the anti-corrosion effect is remarkable.However, after the phase I project was constructed and put into operation, it was found that some injection and production wells had obvious leakage of annulus protection fluid. Based on the identification results of "three aspects and eleven leakage paths", it is believed that the leakage of tubing threads and packers is the main leakage path of annulus protection fluid.The natural gas produced by the original component detection of the gas reservoir contains a small amount of CO2, which may cause corrosion perforation to the downhole casing under certain circumstances.Through the corrosion perforation experiment on P110 steel selected for injection production well casing, combined with electrochemical test and surface analysis and other corrosion characterization methods, the anti-corrosion coating design for Wen 23 gas storage is completed.The research results show that the corrosion inhibition efficiency of the new salt resistant anti-corrosion coating is more than 80%, the electrochemical slow-release efficiency is more than 85%, and the anti-corrosion effect is outstanding. It can provide a strong technical guarantee for the safe, stable and stable operation of the injection production well of the gas storage.
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Lyashenko, V. I., V. I. Golik, and V. Z. Dyatchin. "Increasing environmental safety by reducing technogenic load in mining regions." Izvestiya. Ferrous Metallurgy 63, no. 7 (October 5, 2020): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0368-0797-2020-7-529-538.
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One of the most problematic points in technology for storing ore enrichment waste materials with hardener admixture into underground mined space and tailing dumps are the tailings of hydrometallurgical plant (HMP). They are supplied through a slurry pipeline to the tailing dump in form of pulp with solid to liquid mass ratio of 1:2. Liquid phase of the pulp after gravity separation and clarification in tailing dump is returned to technological cycle of HMP. Storage technology under consideration has several disadvantages: high nonrecurrent capital costs for construction of tailing dump at full design capacity; high probability of harmful chemicals migration into groundwater if protective shields of the base or sides of tailings are damaged. The authors have used data from literature and patent documentation considering storage parameters, laboratory and production experiments, physical modeling and selection of compositions of hardening mixtures. Analytical studies, comparative analysis of theoretical and practical results by standard and new methods were performed. Possibility of using hardening mixtures with adjacent production wastes used as binders was established. Optimal composition of ingredients per 1 m3 of hardening mixture is proposed as follows: 1350 – 1500 kg of HMP tailings; 50 - 70 kg of binder (cement); 350 liters of mixing water. Proposed technology of ore enrichment waste storage into underground mined space and tailings with hardener admixture application allows using underground mined space at the enterprise production capacity of 1,500 thousand tons per year to store 50 – 55 % of tailings, and store the rest wastes cemented by binding material in repository. When filling the entire area of the tailing dump mirror of 10 m height with cemented tails and HMP capacity of up to 1.5 million tons per year, its operation life is extended by 50 years.
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Shvyrkov, Sergey Alexandrovich. "Destruction of tanks and ways to minimize negative consequences." Technology of technosphere safety 97 (2022): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25257/tts.2022.3.97.8-24.
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Introduction. The most widely used for the storage of oil and petroleum products at industrial enterprises both in Russia and abroad, were vertical steel cylindrical tanks). However, despite the significant world experience in the design, construction and operation of vertical steel cylindrical tanks, from time to time their failures (destruction) occur, leading to negative consequences. Interacting with normative earthen landslides or enclosing walls, the resulting powerful hydrodynamic flow of liquid flows through them, spilling over a large area, involving in the incident nearby tanks, buildings, structures, pipelines, which leads to the cascading development of the accident, significant material damage, often to injuries and loss of life. Thus, a more detailed consideration of the effectiveness of existing ways to minimize the negative consequences of tanks destruction, as well as problematic issues of some promising methods on the topic under consideration, seems relevant. Goals and objectives. Identify the most effective ways to minimize the negative consequences of possible destruction of vertical steel cylindrical tanks. Analyze the consequences of characteristic accidents of vertical steel cylindrical tanks at production facilities. To propose a classification of methods on the basis of preventing or localizing the breakthrough wave formed during the destruction of vertical steel cylindrical tanks. To consider the problematic issues of promising ways to localize flammable liquid. Methods. In the process of developing a number of ways to minimize the negative consequences of accidents on vertical steel cylindrical tanks, methods of similarity theory and laboratory modeling, physical experiment, observation, comparison, finding empirical dependencies based on mathematical processing of experimental data, description, generalization were used. Results and their discussion. It has been established that the most effective way is to eliminate the dangerous factor (breakthrough wave) through the use of underground or horizontal tanks. Effective ways to localize the flow of liquid include the arrangement of an enclosing wall with a wave reflective visor or a protective wall additional to the normative fence. A promising method includes the construction of tanks of the "glass in a glass" type. Conclusion. The effectiveness of the considered methods should be taken into account, first of all, by the owners of hazardous production facilities, specialists of design organizations and supervisory authorities to find optimal solutions for the safe operation of tanks, including, if necessary, their placement in settlements, near water areas and federal highways. Keywords: tank, destruction, breakthrough wave, earthen collapse, enclosing wall, enclosing wall with a wave reflective visor, additional protective wall, "glass in a glass" tank.
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Hu, Bin, Xiaoqing Li, and Dan Huang. "Safety Risk Analysis and Protective Control of Existing Pipelines Affected by Deep Pit Excavation in Metro Construction." Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2019 (March 28, 2019): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3643808.
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Urban underground pipelines undertake many tasks closely related to people’s daily life and production, such as water supply, drainage, gas supply, and power supply. Metro projects are usually located in areas with dense underground pipelines; therefore, in the construction process of deep-foundation metro pit, some measures should be taken to protect the safety of underground pipelines. Under the engineering background of the Jiangbei foundation pit of the Wuhan Yangtze River Tunnel, the influence of soil disturbance caused by deep-foundation pit excavation is first simulated using the ABAQUS software on the displacement of underground pipelines and the dangerous area of underground pipelines is analyzed. Second, the most disadvantageous combination is analyzed for the risk factors of pipelines under the influences of multiple risk factors. Finally, a systematic additional partial reinforcement scheme (APRS) is proposed from the aspects of safety and economy to protect the safety of underground pipelines in the dangerous areas with greater risk. The results of measurement prove that the APRS is effective for pipeline protection and can provide reference for similar problems.
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Yuan, Chang Feng, Guang Ming Yu, Xu Chun Wang, Yue Zhen Zhang, and Xiao Ming Guan. "Study on Tunnel with Subsurface Excavation Method in Urban to Damage Assessment of Underground Pipelines and Protection Decision-Making." Advanced Materials Research 243-249 (May 2011): 3582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.243-249.3582.
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Underground construction will inevitably disturb the surrounding rock and soil, thus endanger the safety of underground pipelines nearby. This paper has established the damage assessment of underground pipelines resulting from underground excavation. Based on GIS platform, it also has developed the damage assessment of underground pipelines and protection decision-making system. The extent of the excavation disturbance is determined through the prediction of the sinking value of the overlying soil caused by underground excavation. The stress and strain leading to deformation of the pipeline were analyzed using numerical simulation. The damage assessment for underground pipelines according to both macro and micro aspects was suggested to provide technical support during excavation of underground engineering disaster prevention and mitigation.
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Xie, Zhi Qiang, Hong Yun Zeng, and Qing Yun Du. "Study on Application of Urban Underground Drain Pipeline Information Modeling as an Auxiliary Decision Support in Urban Planning." Applied Mechanics and Materials 535 (February 2014): 586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.535.586.
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Underground pipelines are blood vessels of a city. However, ongoing urban drain pipe accidents, especially the urban flooding accidents hit cities in recent years. One important reason is lack of mastery of underground pipeline information and its operation condition in cities and necessary urban underground drain pipeline information as decision support for planning and management. This leads to loss of scientific and rational evaluation of urban drain pipelines and eventually results in urban planning and construction to a certain unbridled extent. This paper addresses the construction and application of Kunming's urban drain pipeline information model to scientifically simulate and rationally analyze the urban underground drain pipeline capacity. The study results have positive effect in promoting scientific planning and construction of urban drain pipelines.
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Liang, Xiaoqiang, Da Hu, Yongsuo Li, Yunyi Zhang, and Xian Yang. "Application of GPR Underground Pipeline Detection Technology in Urban Complex Geological Environments." Geofluids 2022 (May 20, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7465919.
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In the process of the continuous construction of underground pipelines, underground pipe network systems have become increasingly complex, which puts forward higher requirements for normal operation and maintenance. To address different kinds of complex conditions, this experiment in the present paper takes ground penetrating radar as the research basis and uses a self-correction and screening algorithm to innovatively detect underground pipelines. The results show that urban underground pipeline detection technology based on ground penetrating radar (GPR) can obtain a highly reliable number of pipelines and track predefined pipelines when detecting different numbers of verification pipelines. When detecting underground pipelines in different sections, the vertical and horizontal errors are no more than 0.199 m and 0.248 m, respectively, which means that the detection technology of urban underground pipelines based on GPR has high detection accuracy and can be performed on high-level detection tasks under various complex conditions. This research applies bottom detection radar to urban underground pipeline detection technology under complex conditions for the first time, innovatively uses the action mechanism of bottom detection radar, integrates its high precision and high efficiency into underground pipeline detection technology, and ensures the effectiveness of the detection work.
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Guo, Ke Yi. "Stress Analysis and Measures Resistance to Deformation of Coal Pipeline above Goaf." Advanced Materials Research 986-987 (July 2014): 878–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.986-987.878.
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Based on one company’s engineering of constructing underground coal pipeline above goaf, calculation analysis the influence of residual subsidence deformation and stress distribution of the coal pipeline engineering. The mining subsidence make the underground coal pipeline bearing not only the earth pressure of upper, lower and lateral, but also the result of the subsidence deformation include of vertical and horizontal in-plane bending moment. Based on this, put forward the anti-deformation technical measures to build new coal pipeline and provide scientific basis for anti-deformation design.
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Liang, Xiaoqiang, Da Hu, Lei Jiang, Yongsuo Li, and Xian Yang. "Thermal Stress Analysis and Spatial Data Matching of Urban Underground Pipelines." International Journal of Heat and Technology 39, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 477–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijht.390217.
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The mining of thermal data of underground pipelines is very important for the construction of urban underground pipeline network data matching model and the proposal of large-scale pipeline spatial data matching mechanism. The existing temperature field calculation and stress field simulation methods for thermal pipelines are quite mature already, but they generally pay less attention to the overall connection features of the underground pipeline network and the local details of network nodes, and the deep-level sharing and utilization of the thermal stress data of pipelines is insufficient during the process of spatial data matching of the pipeline network. To this end, this paper conducted a research on thermal stress analysis and spatial data matching of urban underground pipelines. First, the paper gave a theoretical analysis on the temperature field and stress field of underground pipelines and obtained the simulation calculation results; then it elaborated on the calculation of the similarity of underground pipeline network information, proposed a method for spatial data matching, and gave the corresponding algorithm flow; at last, experimental results verified the reliability of the simulation calculation results of the thermal stress of underground pipelines and the effectiveness of the proposed spatial data matching method.
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Wang, Jianxiu, Ansheng Cao, Zhao Wu, Zhipeng Sun, Xiao Lin, Lei Sun, Xiaotian Liu, Huboqiang Li, and Yuanwei Sun. "Numerical Simulation on the Response of Adjacent Underground Pipelines to Super Shallow Buried Large Span Double-Arch Tunnel Excavation." Applied Sciences 12, no. 2 (January 10, 2022): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020621.
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The excavation of a shallow buried tunnel may cause stress redistribution in surrounding rock, and cause deformation, damage, and even destruction of adjacent underground pipelines. The land part of the Haicang undersea tunnel in Xiamen of China was a super shallow buried large span double-arch tunnel. Its construction was restricted by both underground excavation safe and adjacent pipeline protection. Multiple groups of working conditions were designed considering the relative position of pipe and tunnel, pipeline and tunnel construction parameters. Numerical simulation was used to study the influence of pipeline horizontal distance, buried depth, pipeline diameter, pipeline wall thickness, pipeline shape, pipeline material and excavation method on the response of adjacent underground pipelines. The results show that the relative position of pipe and tunnel, and the construction method of the double-arch tunnel have a great influence on pipeline deformation. Pipeline material, pipeline diameter and excavation method have a great influence on pipeline stress. The construction method was the key factor affecting the stress and deformation of the pipeline. The three-step reserved core soil method can effectively control the stress and deformation of underground pipelines. The research results can provide a reference for similar projects.
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Bekmirzaev, Diyorbek. "Design of Underground Pipelines under Arbitrary Seismic Loading." Open Journal of Applied Sciences 05, no. 05 (2015): 226–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojapps.2015.55023.
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Liu, Qin Ming, and Ming Dong. "Grey Model Based Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Anticorrosion Reliability Design of Underground Pipelines." Advanced Materials Research 118-120 (June 2010): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.118-120.541.
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This paper explores the grey model based PSO (particle swarm optimization) algorithm for anti-cauterization reliability design of underground pipelines. First, depending on underground pipelines’ corrosion status, failure modes such as leakage and breakage are studied. Then, a grey GM(1,1) model based PSO algorithm is employed to the reliability design of the pipelines. One important advantage of the proposed algorithm is that only fewer data is used for reliability design. Finally, applications are used to illustrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed approach.
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Li, Fangang, Panpan Guo, Ningning Geng, Lei Mao, Feng Lin, Yanlin Zhao, Hang Lin, and Yixian Wang. "Stability of Braced Excavation Underneath Crossing Underground Large Pressurized Pipelines." Water 14, no. 23 (November 27, 2022): 3867. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14233867.
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The practice of deep-braced excavation in congested urban environments involves frequently buried pipelines, which can exert a significant effect on the performance of the excavation. The objective of this paper is to investigate the performance of a 12.5-m-deep-braced excavation spanned by two shallowly buried large-diameter pressurized pipelines. A suspension structure is installed within the excavation to protect the in situ pipelines during the construction. The excavation performance is investigated by performing a three-dimensional finite element analysis. The finite element method is verified based on the observations at the site. The results indicate that, as expected, the excavation support structures displace together with varying degrees of deformation toward the excavated area. The strut shear forces are found to be distributed axially in linear manners, while the strut bending moments are in symmetric manners. The benefit of using the proposed pipeline suspension structure is demonstrated. By using this structure, pipeline deformation can be well controlled, and the structural integrity and safety of the pipelines can be ensured. This benefit depends on the convenient operation in that the elevation of the cork base of the pipeline suspension structure is stably lowered during the construction process.
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Beck, J. V., H. A. McLain, M. A. Karnitz, J. A. Shonder, and E. G. Segan. "Heat Losses From Underground Steam Pipelines." Journal of Heat Transfer 110, no. 4a (November 1, 1988): 814–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3250578.
Full textAbstract:
A new transient solution describing the heat transfer around a single buried steam pipe was developed. The solution technique uses Green’s functions and is particularly appropriate at distances greater than two or three pipe radii from the pipe. The solution models the pipe as a line heat source and considers a convective boundary condition at the soil surface. It was shown that for long time periods, the solution reduces to a steady-state expression that is believed to describe heat loss rates better than some current, commonly used steady-state relations. The solution was used with parameter estimation techniques to design an experimental procedure for determining buried steam pipe heat loss rates and depths from near-surface soil temperature measurements. Sensitivity coefficients derived from the solution were used to identify the linearly independent parameters and the optimum locations for the temperature measurements. An example of the use of this procedure is presented.
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Bai, Yang, Peng Bo Cui, Qi Zhang, and Lei Wu. "Study on the Selection Pipelines into the Comprehensive Pipeline Trench in Urban Rail Transit Construction." Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (April 2014): 1622–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.1622.
Full textAbstract:
It is the main problem that how to select pipelines into the urban underground comprehensive pipeline trench. There are numerous pipelines can be brought into comprehensive trench nowadays, determined the solution which pipelines are brought into comprehensive trench needs to take many factors such as economy, technology, safety, and daily maintenance management. Established the model of selection schemes , firstly sorted and enumerated, then used DHGF (Delphi-Hierarchy-Grey-Fuzzy) method to evaluate pipeline trench schemes quantitatively and analysed the problem effectively and feasibly.
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Liu, Li Jian, Lei Yu Zhang, Jiao Xia Lan, and Mei Li Wang. "Study on the Effect of Shield Tunnel Construction on Underground Pipeline Deformation by Experiment and Monitoring." Advanced Materials Research 413 (December 2011): 289–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.413.289.
Full textAbstract:
The field socket gas pipeline is taken to make the loading experiment in order to study the deformation and force state of the pipelines and the limit value of the deformation curvature of the pipeline．The monitoring data from the shield tunnel construction are analyzed, the effect of shield tunneling on the deformation of ground surface and buried pipelines is studied, and the rationality of the deformation monitoring value of gas pipelines in the Shenyang area is discussed．
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Feng, Xingfa, Xian Yang, Yongsuo Li, and Xingyu Ding. "Influence of Underground Tunnel Excavation on Upper-level Existing Pipelines." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (February 28, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5469345.
Full textAbstract:
Winkler elastic foundation beam theory is often used to observe the influence of underground engineering construction on pipelines. Excavation under existing pipelines disturbs the lower strata to varying extent, which creates significant differences in the subgrade coefficients. Ignoring these differences can severely impact the accuracy of calculation results. A theoretical model of the effects of underground excavation on upper-level existing pipelines was developed in this study based on Winkler elastic foundation beam theory and considering the difference of subgrade coefficients under the existing pipeline. Methods for determining the subgrade coefficient under the influence of construction disturbance and other relevant parameters are proposed. The theoretical model can be used to calculate the settlement of an existing pipeline under the influence of underground excavation. The calculated settlement was compared with settlement measurements to find that the subgrade coefficient of the excavation section is the most important parameter in the calculation process. The suitable value range of the excavation subgrade coefficient is relatively large, as it has a relatively minor influence on the calculation result. When the value of subgrade coefficient of each section is appropriate, the calculated settlement curve is in close accordance with the measured settlement curve.
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Ryltseva, Yuliya. "Design and construction of underwater pipelines crossings." E3S Web of Conferences 263 (2021): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202126304006.
Full textAbstract:
The new territories exploration for housing construction and production facilities within the country and the increase in the export of hydrocarbons require the constant development and improvement of pipeline transport. There are often cases when the need for the pipeline network crossing by various obstacles is recognized as the only possible design solution and economically reasonable, among the most difficult of which there are water bodies. Natural and waste water, oil and petroleum products, and gas are transported by underwater pipelines crossings. Aiming at optimizing the design and construction of underwater pipeline crossings requires constant monitoring of the technologies, equipment, and materials offered by the modern market. The research methods were based on the review of current regulatory and technical documentation, modern scientific and periodicals, and security documents. A special feature of the underwater pipelines crossings design is needed to predict the channel processes for the entire estimated period of their use. Underwater crossings construction is made by the trench and trenchless methods. The latter ones, which are currently the most popular, imply the following main types: horizontal directional drilling, directional drilling, tunneling, microtunneling. The construction technology choice is determined by the topographical features of the water body bottom, its hydrological characteristics, the geology of the construction site, the required length, the diameter of the pipeline network, and the features of the surrounding area as a whole. The results of the review study may be of interest for the specialists in the field of pipeline transport.
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Kokhonkova, E. A., and O. A. Maykov. "Experimental work on determining the coordinates of an underground active vibration sensor for diagnosing main pipelines." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2388, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2388/1/012144.
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Abstract The article deals with the problem of determining the location of the main underground pipelines, using the method of subsurface location. To date, the problem of registering the deviation of the location of underground pipelines from the design one, in the conditions of the Far North, when laying pipelines in unstable soils, remains relevant. The displacement of the pipeline in the ground leads to the formation of stressed sections of the pipeline walls, in which cracks may form, followed by leakage of oil products into the environment.