Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Underclass'
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Cieslik, Mark. "Youth, disadvantage and the underclass in South Wales." Thesis, University of Kent, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244199.
Full textWalsh, Tamara. "Overruling the underclass? : homelessness and the Law in Queensland." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2005. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/16161/1/Tamara_Walsh_Thesis.pdf.
Full textWalsh, Tamara. "Overruling the Underclass? Homelessness and the Law in Queensland." Queensland University of Technology, 2005. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16161/.
Full textMcPeters, Anthony. "Discipling African-American men who make up the socioeconomic underclass." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
Full textBrydon, Thomas Robert Craig. "Poor, unskilled and unemployed : perceptions of the English underclass, 1889-1914." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=32900.
Full textCaldwell, Nicola. "Poor behaviour : the American underclass in history, politics and social science." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.421608.
Full textVan, Der Merwe Christine. "Creating a new underclass : labour flexibility and the temporary employment services industry." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003079.
Full textParenti, Christian. "Policing the theme park city." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325921.
Full textMcAlister, Siobhan Martha. "An ethnographic investigation of 'underclass youth' : A case study of blossom hill, Teesside." Thesis, Teesside University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521880.
Full textCrowther, C. P. "The 'underclass' debate : the police policy process and the social construction of order." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265163.
Full textTlili, Anwar. "The discursive construction of the underclass : historical precursors, contemporary images and 'social exclusion'." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411856.
Full textLeonel, Wilton Bisi. "(Neo)conservadores da lei e da ordem: hegemonia e controle penal da "underclass"." Faculdade de Direito de Vitoria, 2018. http://191.252.194.60:8080/handle/fdv/493.
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Esta tese pretende oferecer uma interpretação crítico-criminológica ao fenômeno da hipertrofia do sistema penal estadunidense e à criminalização massiva da pobreza naquele país. Defende-se a hipótese de que, longe de realizar seus objetivos oficialmente declarados - promover segurança pública aos cidadãos -, o sistema penal estadunidense tem sido parte essencial de um projeto hegemônico-ideológico das classes dominantes cujo propósito é o de legitimar tanto o desmonte do Estado de Bem-Estar Social quanto instaurar um “Estado de Segurança”, calcado na expansão dos poderes do complexo-militar industrial, das gigantes corporativas privadas e do sistema penal. Almeja-se demonstrar a importância da narrativa dos intelectuais neoconservadores que identificaram (a) a corrosão de todas as formas de autoridade produzida pela libertinagem da contracultura dos anos 1960; (b) o igualitarismo dos programas sociais de distribuição de renda; (c) e a leniência do sistema penal como causas centrais para o aumento vertiginoso da criminalidade de rua, do uso e do tráfico de drogas, considerados naquela narrativa as principais lesões sociais. Ademais, aqueles intelectuais imputam o protagonismo daquelas lesões a uma underclass, um grupo minoritário composto por indivíduos intratáveis, irresponsáveis, imorais, perigosos e não-merecedores. Verifica-se também o papel fundamental desempenhado pelos meios de comunicação de massa ao endossar e difundir socialmente a narrativa neoconservadora, concorrendo para a justificação tanto da extinção de programas sociais quanto para a ampliação do poder e para a militarização das forças policiais, para o aumento da severidade das leis penais e para a reorientação do cárcere em direção à incapacitação dos “perigosos”. A tese sustenta que a criminalização massiva contribui decisivamente para construir uma identidade social pejorativa dos pobres (sobretudo, não brancos), atribuindo-lhes a responsabilidade por sua própria condição e o protagonismo dos comportamentos socialmente mais destrutivos. Os intelectuais neoconservadores, os meios de comunicação de massa e o sistema penal têm colaborado para propagar a (pretensa) superioridade racional e moral tanto do sistema de livre mercado capitalista quanto do “punitivismo” neoconservador, defletindo da atenção pública as lesões socialmente muito mais prejudiciais produzidas tanto pela reestruturação neoliberal da economia estadunidense quanto pelas ações das gigantes corporativas privadas.
This thesis intends to offer a critical-criminological interpretation to the phenomenon of hypertrophy of the United States penal system and to the massive criminalization of poverty in that country. We argue that, far from achieving its officially stated objectives - to promote public safety for citizens -, the United States penal system has been an essential part of a hegemonic-ideological project of the ruling classes, whose purpose is to legitimize both the dismantling of the Welfare State and instituting a “State of Security”, based on the expansion of the powers of the military-industrial complex, the private corporate giants and the penal system. We aim to demonstrate the importance of the narrative of neoconservative intellectuals who identified (a) the corrosion of all forms of authority produced by the 1960s counterculture profligacy; (b) the egalitarianism of social income distribution programs; (c) and the leniency of the penal system as central causes for the dizzying increase in street crime, drug use and trafficking, considered by that narrative as the main social lesions. In addition, these intellectuals attribute the protagonism of those injuries to an underclass, a minority group composed of intractable, irresponsible, immoral, dangerous and undeserving individuals. There is also a fundamental role played by the mass media in endorsing and socially disseminating the neoconservative narrative, contributing to the justification of the extinction of social programs, as well as to the expansion of power and the militarization of the police forces, to increase the severity of criminal laws and to the reorientation of the prison towards the incapacitation of the “dangerous ones”. The thesis holds that mass criminalization contributes decisively to building a pejorative social identity of the poor (especially non-whites), assigning them responsibility for their own condition and the protagonism of socially destructive behaviors. Neo-conservative intellectuals, the mass media, and the penal system have collaborated to propagate the (supposedly) rational and moral superiority of both the free-market capitalist system and neoconservative “punitivism”, deflecting from public attention the socially much more damaging injuries produced by the neoliberal restructuring of the US economy and by the actions of the private corporate giants.
Paczkowski, Rafal. "Poland after 1989 : a shift to postmaterialism or a rise of the underclass? /." Thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07102009-040409/.
Full textHunter, Boyd Hamilton, and Boyd Hunter@anu edu au. "Changes in the Geographic Dispersion of Urban Employment in Australia." The Australian National University. Research School of Social Sciences, 1996. http://thesis.anu.edu.au./public/adt-ANU20080215.102127.
Full textBuckingham, Alan. "The underclass debate : testing the arguments using evidence from a British longitudinal data set." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367350.
Full textJohnson, Bryan Michael. "The Miseducation of the Underclass: A Historical Political Analysis of No Child Left Behind." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2008. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/553.
Full textHaylett, Christine M. "The making of a British 'underclass' in the 1990s : a geography of power/knowledge." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21294.
Full textHills, Franklin. "The middle class religious ideology and the underclass struggle : a growing divide in black religion." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001587.
Full textHills, Franklin Jr. "The Middle-Class Religious Ideology and the Underclass Struggle: A Growing Divide in Black Religion." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3833.
Full textJohnson, Meghan Taylor. "Poor Things: Objects, Ownership, and the Underclasses in American Literature, 1868-1935." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1505279/.
Full textBoyd, Christopher M. "Patterns of delay and non-use of prenatal care services among underclass women: a social psychological analysis." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38628.
Full textPh. D.
Melson, Gerald K. "Analysis of Underclass Black Male Skepticism of Educational, Business and Governmental Organizations in Cincinnati, Ohio, 2000-2004." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1214945187.
Full textCox, Glenda. "Cobern Street burial ground : investigating the identity and life histories of the underclass of eighteenth century Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14289.
Full textThe Cobern Street site was shown to be a burial ground only in 1994, when a number of skeletons were disinterred prior to building operations. Attempts to locate documentary records of the burials have been unsuccessful, and we do not know who these people were. The lack of documentary records is unusual, and suggests that Cobern Street may have been the burial ground for lower-class citizens. From the history of the site, and the few items buried with the bodies, we can deduce that they are eighteenth century burials. As part of the investigation into the identity of these people five techniques of dietary tracing have been applied to 53 of the excavated skeletons, and are reported in this thesis. Analysis of different skeletal elements has allowed us to reconstruct the life histories of some of these people. Of particular interest are several skeletons with filed teeth. This practice is not known from the Cape, but is common further north in Africa. Isotopic analysis of teeth and long bones from the skeletons with decorated teeth show that these individuals were of tropical origin, from diverse areas, and are likely to be slaves brought to the Cape.
Hayton, S. "A search for the underclass : a comparative study of cellar dwellers in Manchester, Salford, Stockport and Rochdale, 1861-1871." Thesis, University of Salford, 1995. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/14773/.
Full textPeck, Jennifer. "The Influence of Community Context on Social Control: A Multi-Level Examination of the Relationship between Race/Ethnicity, Drug Offending, and Juvenile Court Outcomes." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5099.
Full textLantsman, Yuliya. "Children Having Children: The Construction of a Pathological Black Family in News Coverage of the Underclass of the 80's and 90's." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/285.
Full textCeyhan, Selin. "A Case Study Of Gypsy/roma Identity In Edirne." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1252683/index.pdf.
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s identity construction from the point of view of classical literature on ethnicity, class and gender dimensions in the symbolic identity construction in the case of Turkey. In this regard, it is important to examine whether this community benefits from citizenship rights. For this purpose, Edirne is chosen as a sample of Turkey because majority of Gypsy/Roma population lives in and this border city into which migrations took place from Bulgaria and Greece. Also for practical reasons of building a communication network, Edirne is selected as a case. A qualitative study, using in-depth interviews with a total of 36 married persons of Gypsy/Roma community referring 18 household in-depth-interviews have been conducted from 2003 winter to summer. Besides, in-depth-interviews with 13 non-Gypsies have been conducted. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and the transcribed texts were used for discourse analysis. During the interviews socio-economic profile, marriage, practices of cultural habits, neighbourhood partnership, political identity, religious rituals and perceiving own identity were inquired. There are three major conclusions of this thesis. The first finding is related to Gypsy/Roma community&
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even of Roma.
Kurt, Dilber. ""Vita cash nästan aldrig sett, bara vita på tallriken" : En diskursteoretisk analys av underklassens representationer i hiphoptexter." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för statsvetenskap (ST), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79940.
Full textJeyacheya, D. Z. "Exploring the nature of oppression as experienced by people with learning disabilities." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/e544e73d-2450-44fb-a4f7-4afb248f4d72/1.
Full textVengeyi, Obvious [Verfasser], Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Kügler, and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] Talabardon. "Aluta continua biblical hermeneutics for liberation : interpreting biblical texts on slavery for liberation of Zimbabwean underclasses [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Obvious Vengeyi. Betreuer: Joachim Kügler ; Susanne Talabardon." Bamberg : University of Bamberg Press, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1058948849/34.
Full textVengeyi, Obvious [Verfasser], Joachim Akademischer Betreuer] Kügler, and Susanne [Akademischer Betreuer] [Talabardon. "Aluta continua biblical hermeneutics for liberation : interpreting biblical texts on slavery for liberation of Zimbabwean underclasses [[Elektronische Ressource]] / Obvious Vengeyi. Betreuer: Joachim Kügler ; Susanne Talabardon." Bamberg : University of Bamberg Press, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:473-opus4-37641.
Full textFaw, Mary E. "A Pedogenic Approach to the Classification of Paleohistosols." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1334854255.
Full textWu, Chun-yi, and 吳俊毅. "The Poverty of African-American Underclass." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48386019163055688977.
Full text淡江大學
美國研究所
83
Since the 1970's, the deterioration of the poverty of the African-American Underclass has become one of the most serious social problems. The reasons behind the poverty of the black underclass have been discussed accordiing to their environmental and cultural factors respectively in this thesis. In the environmental factors, the black underclass is still confined by racism. Their economic competitive ability is limited and jobs opportunities are less and less. On the other hand, the social policy is ill-organized and enforced ineffectively; therefore, the defunctional social welfare system dooesn't help a lot in either the prevention of the polarization of Income Redistribution or in helping the truly disadvantaged. Finally, the transformation of economic structures has made inner-city blacks lose many blue-collar jobs. And they also suffer more because of the high-education requirement of joobs created by the new technical industries and professional service businesses. In the cultrual factors, because of the increasing numbers of African-American female- headed families, the underclass black children lack the "Role Models" of those absent-fathers and their financial support allowing for better quality of living conditions. Furthermore, most of the black youth are strongly against the so-called "White Middle-Class Culture." They don't believe sacrifice is necessary for any future success, such as studying hard in the school. This kind of Anti-Achievement ethic has made them walk away from the main-stream culture. Still, the sub-culture of the black community, like the high rate of un-wedded births, unemployment or welfare dependcy, has exacerbated the difference between the underclass and the dominant society. The main purpose of this thesis is to try to analyze the poverty of African-American Underclass both by its environmental and cultural factors and to take a close look at what is called an "American Dilemma" in society.
HSIEH, WEN-HSIN, and 謝雯心. "Narrative of the Underclass in 21st-Century Chinese Novels." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/pj4x9d.
Full text國立臺北大學
中國文學系
107
The wave of Chinese novels in the 21st century is replete with the triple concerns of “post-modernity,” “modernity,” and “pre-modernity.” The first two dominate the trend of urban cultural themed novels, while all three constitute social problems that must be tackled in rural-style writing. With “pre-modernity” as the cornerstone, rural China suffered a great impact in the process of transformation toward a modern society. After entering the city, countrymen have been caught in the double attacks of post-modernist (consumption) culture and modern (capitalist) system, becoming survivors who had no spending power and were deprived by capitalists. This has been an increasingly common social disorder in the past 20 years. The “narrative of the underclass” in novels and poems in the 21st century has become a platform to undertake this discourse on social reform. Looking through the “narrative of the underclass,” in these literary works that emphasize quantity over quality, works emphasizing the theoretical property have emerged in a great swarm. However, as mainstream literature, it is bound to shoulder the spiritual reconstruction of Chinese literature. The narrative of the underclass should not be reduced to ideology discussion, social criticism, and binary opposition in the whole work but should establish the spirit of the times and explore the deep layers of human nature. Such traces are clearly visible in the writers mainly investigated in this article: Wang Xiangfu, Sheng Keyi, and Yan Lianke. In the literary world of these three writers, we can see that they strived to construct their own spiritual foundation, which can be a hometown, faith, and/or life. Their works show ultimate concern for the sufferings of the underclass and clearly lay down the writer’s standpoints, thoughts, and standards. Therefore, it is not difficult to find that most of their works have a commonality of extrapolating from individuals to society. Hence, we can see that for these three writers, narrative of the underclass is not only their personal creative writing but also a concentration of complex social implications, which means that in literature, they have successfully overcome the deficient theoretical reflection and achieved a spiritual transcendence. Their works reflect the writers’ investigation and exploration of the changes in the new era and, at the same time, reveal to the world the height and breadth that narrative of the underclass should have, leaving precious literary records.
LU, PEI-CHUN, and 盧蓓君. "Being an Underclass in the Worlds of Social Work & Social Welfare." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29439v.
Full text輔仁大學
社會工作學系碩士班
106
My parents raised me and my brother with great effort, although my family lived a difficult life and meanwhile was added insult to injury by kith and kin. Confronting this circumstance, my parents chose to render good for evil and to help others without trying to grab one’s attention. I got influenced by parents and hence persevered in providing help to others. By writing this thesis, I find out what makes me care about disadvantaged children is the experience of living in a family that prefers boys to girls, thus gaining less attention and lacking confidence. The schools and teachers providing support to me to get back the confidence is also one of the reasons that make me keep working and provide more assistance to them. Such behavior is also caused by the emergence of psychological projection when I see children who need support. I have been facing discrimination and criticism, even having difficulty on looking for a job because of the identity of social worker. Such phenomenon makes me lose confidence, feel self-contemptuous, and even have self-attribution bias. I attribute all these problems to myself and don’t realize it a bullying caused by social institution. It’s a social common phenomenon when confronting stereotypes from other individuals and classes. After I had quitted the work of providing foster care service, I received good education about the system of social working and supervision. In this process, I know that it’s more important to help others to have a life with better quality than only live one’s own life. Through self-narration, I obtain my self-identification: a person who was born and educated in underclass. With this awareness, I could better help other people who were stereotyped by classes. By dropping away the sense of interiority and achieving self-identification, I could engage social work with more confidence.
"Cultural habitus and the new urban underclass: a study of southern Beijing communities." 2005. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5896435.
Full textThesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-106).
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
Abstract --- p.i
Acknowledgements --- p.iii
Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter II. --- Literature Review --- p.6
The Poor in the Market Transition --- p.6
Political Impacts in Collective Era and Beyond --- p.8
Cultural Capital´ة Effects on Stratification in Western Countries --- p.13
The Analysis on Habitus: Szelenyi's Researches in Eastern Europe --- p.18
The Transfer Mechanism of Cultural Capital --- p.22
The Poverty Cycle: Lewis's Culture of Poverty --- p.28
Chapter III. --- Methodological Design --- p.31
Chapter IV. --- Before 1978,the Idol of Collectivism --- p.33
Influences from Parents' Generation --- p.36
Occlusive Living Circumstance and Personality --- p.40
Insensitive to Education --- p.42
Satisfaction with the Lives --- p.46
Distributed Education Chances and Good Job Positions --- p.49
Send Down Recommendation to Colleges --- p.51
Big State-Owned Factories and Good Job Positions --- p.57
Work In the Factories --- p.60
Value Attached to Hard Work --- p.61
Lack of Confidence and Impetus --- p.63
Ineffectual Intercommunication --- p.66
Limited Horizon --- p.70
Chapter V. --- After 1978,Under Marketization --- p.75
Reformation of Enterprises and Its Effects on My Interviewees --- p.76
The Unconsciousness to the Coming of Crisis --- p.77
Good Working Ability? --- p.82
After Lay-off --- p.85
Chapter VI. --- The Next Generation --- p.87
Chapter VII. --- Discussion --- p.92
Chapter VIII. --- Appendices --- p.98
Chapter IX. --- References --- p.100
Liu, Yu-ying, and 劉育英. "THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL MOBILITY OF THE UNDERCLASS IN HAROLD PINTER’S EARLY PLAYS." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/rckp69.
Full text國立高雄師範大學
英語學系
97
Abstract The dissertation aims to excogitate the predicament of the underclass whose chances of climbing up on the social ladder become less than those of other classes in Harold Pinter’s early plays, The Caretaker (1959), The Room (1957), The Homecoming (1964), The Dumb Waiter (1957), The Birthday Party (1957) and A Slight Ache (1958). This dissertation is divided into five chapters. Chapter One serves to introduce the theoretical frame, the rationale and motives for the study as well as to explain the overall organization of this dissertation and the texts selected. In Pinter’s plays there are widely different types of characters, with each one of them standing for certain kinds of members of the underclass. Chapter Two focuses on the issue of the homeless and deals with the plight of a homeless. Chapter Three concentrates on The Room and A Slight Ache in which the way to move upwards for the underclass is through marriage. Chapter Four centers on The Homecoming and The Dumb Waiter where an eagerness to upgrade in the underclass seems vaporized; instead, a peculiar lifestyle of the underclass is presented. The last chapter concludes with the important concepts mentioned in the previous chapters and restates the myth of social mobility of the underclass in modern society if society turns a blind eye to the powerless groups.
Chou, Mei-Liang, and 周玫良. "The Cheap Labor- Deconstructing the Making of New Immigrant Women as Underclass Labor." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48285445713490594305.
Full textHunter, Boyd. "Changes in the Geographic Dispersion of Urban Employment in Australia." Phd thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/47287.
Full textWu, Shiow Chyi, and 吳秀琪. "The SOCAIL CONSTRUCTION AND SELF-IDENTITY OF UNDERCLASS ─ A STUDY OF TAIPEI''S HOMELESS." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20354880605901452159.
Full textCheng, Mei-Fang ChengMei-Fang, and 鄭美芳. "State, Class and Intimacy: Case Studies of Taiwanese Spouses in Underclass Cross-Strait Marriages." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97354600678549040007.
Full textGraham, Patrick C. "The sons of Willie Horton rap, media and the defining of the black underclass /." 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/35839515.html.
Full textTypescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 63-65).
"Culture of poverty or ghetto underclass? Women and children on the streets of Honduras." Tulane University, 1994.
Find full textacase@tulane.edu
Steenkamp, Hilke. "The urban underclass and post-authoritarian Johannesburg : train surfing (Soweto style) as an extreme spatial practice." Diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30350.
Full textDissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2012.
Visual Arts
unrestricted
Martin, Sonia. "Social divisions in an era of welfare reform: a critical analysis of neoliberalism and the underclass thesis." 2006. http://arrow.unisa.edu.au:8081/1959.8/28285.
Full textPhD Doctorate
"Men of the Urban and Underclass and Grief: Exploring the Implications for Pastoral Theology in the 21st Century." Texas Christian University, 2006. http://etd.tcu.edu/etdfiles/available/etd-12152006-095444/.
Full textLiu, Orpheus, and 劉士弘. "Diasporic Experiences---the Underclass, Social Movements and Identity Formation:Stories of Squatter Houses in the Po-Ai Special District." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21032608718351850143.
Full text國立花蓮師範學院
多元文化研究所
91
Abstract This research started from the crisis that the people of Po-Ai special district faced against the intension of the Taipei City government to take back the land of this district. Through the resistant movement of the local people, the researcher intended to explore the historical and spatial dimension of this action, and investigate the relation among the state, the diasporic situation, the land, the class, the identity formation, and the social movements. The researcher finds that the war and policies of state caused the diasporic situation for some people and the Underclass also came out from the development of the urbanization. The second chapter begins from the discussion of the phenomenon related to the spatial categorization/ borderline between “the squatter district” and “the Po-Ai special district”, and through the discussion about the successive changes of laws to investigate the historical traces that showed the power of the state intervening the definition for the public/ private sphere. Those laws, which signified the power of the state or the public sphere, were actually set up after the arrival of the immigrants. The laws regulating residents’ lives turned to be more specific in every field, which explained the state’s intension to control the daily lives of the designated others through the practice of categorization. Research on the related laws of the Po-Ai special district, the physical space signifying “the body” of the state, showed “the concealed” and “the unspeakable” situation, yet its boundary presented to be “flexible” to reveal the power of the state, which carries its metaphorical and general characteristics as the natural law existing everywhere. Chapter three deals with the Taiwanese history since the Japanese colonial era to the postwar era. The researcher tried to explain the transition of the land ownership during the changing time of the state power, and to represent the long-term diasporic situation, the imagined nationalism and the identity formation of these “real residents” in this district. In the process of evoking the nationalism ideology, these people “cooperated” well for exchanging their material benefits. However, the political structure changed (DPP in power) and caused the residents in the squatter houses to be exclusive by the rationality of the neo-nationalism. These people not only lose their material basis for life, but also lose their “consensus” which built their identity foundation. The residents in the squatter houses later chose to make demonstration and social movements, yet their action of resistance were taken as “irrational” at that time. During the process of negotiation and lawsuit with the Taipei City government, these people had their own resistant group, which played an important part in the social movement. Later with the support of “the logos as a rational voter” the rationality turned to be more influential than those angry bodies. In the fourth chapter, the researcher analyzed the narrations of the residents, and found the residents in the squatter houses were controlled by the ideology of “rationality” and were asked to change their identities. In the third and the fourth sections of this chapter showed that early arrival residents (without ownership of the land) living in the squatter houses were mostly the Underclass, who were unable to enter the labor market and stayed in the lower grades in the social categorization, and were related to some extent of “diasporic” situation. Directly or indirectly, this situation was also related to the war of stste in the history or the urbanization policy of the state. The research concluded, the diasporic situation of the residents was to some extent caused by the state, and among these people who not yet moved out (without ownership of the land) were also forced to stay in the social status of Underclass. When the state created the imagined “rational citizenship” during the process of urbanization and entering to the free market system of the liberalism/ capitalism, these residents could not claim for the amends for their historical loss caused by the civil war and state policies. However, these people showed their discursive strategies in their identities, and they also showed the agency in their participation in the social movement. The residents expressed their needs for citizenship in their narrations about how they made the lawsuit and asked for the compensation, and later the related discourse and identity formation came out, which came out from the residents’ intention for changing their social status and material basis.
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Full textTypescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 455-466).
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