Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Unconscious'
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Barbosa, Leonardo S. "The predictive unconscious : how predictions shape unconscious perception." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEE029.
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L’un des phénomènes naturels probablement des plus communs et pourtant des moins compris, la conscience, s’est longtemps trouvé restreint à des considérations purement philosophiques et métaphysiques. Ces dernières décennies, scientifiques et philosophes ont pu s’atteler à son étude, en l’opérationnalisant.Dans le même temps, une quantité croissante de données suggère que notre cerveau est constamment en train de prédire des entrées sensorielles, et que chaque niveau de l’organisation hiérarchique du cortex génère en continu les représentations de telles prédictions, ainsi que le décalage entre ces prédictions et l’entrée réelle.Dans ma thèse, j’ai exploré comment cette capacité surprenante de notre cerveau à générer des prédictions est connectée à notre expérience consciente.Plus spécifiquement, j’ai étudié comment ces prédictions peuvent impacter les traitements inconscients, et la différence par rapport aux traitements conscients. Ce travail montre que la latéralisation de l’activité électrophysiologiqueoscillatoire du cerveau peut être un marqueur important; et comment les prédictions affectent le traitement inconscient. De plus,il montre que les attentes peuvent entrainer un traitement inconscient au point d’impacter un comportement orienté vers un but. Il souligne également que les prédictions affectant les traitements conscient et inconscientemploient différents mécanismes neuronaux.J’avance l’idée que la conscience pourrait être nécessaire pour le développement de nouvelles prédictions. Finalement, je montre que les prédictions peuvent changer la qualité du traitement inconscient. Intégrant ces résultats à la littérature existante, je discute les caractéristiques d’une possible théorie prédictive de la conscienceDuring the last decades, philosophical and scientific developments allowed the flourishing of the scientific study of consciousness. Probably one of the most common and yet least understood of natural phenomena, until last century consciousness was mainly restricted to pure philosophical and metaphysical accounts. Through the operationalization of consciousness, scientists have been able to endeavor in the seemingly elusive investigation of the cognitive function of consciousness.At the same time, an increasing amount of evidence suggests that our brain is constantly predicting its sensory inputs. Each level in the hierarchical organization of the cortex is continuously generating representations of such predictions and also the mismatch between predictions and actual input.The highly structured regularity of sensory information would allow our brain to make predictions about its environment and help it to make sense of the world.In my thesis I explored how the surprising ability of our brains to generate predictions is connected to our conscious experience. More specifically, I investigated how predictions can impact unconscious processes, and the corresponding contrast with respect to conscious processes. In my experimental contributions, I tried to to delineate how behavioral and neural responsesto unconscious stimuli can be affected by predictions. In my first study, I investigated how neural markers of predictive mechanisms can index unconscious behavior, and how predictions can impact unconscious stimulus processing. I show that the lateralization of oscillatory electrophysiological brain activity can be an important marker of how predictionsaffect unconscious processing. Moreover, I show that expectations can drive unconscious processing up to the point of goal-directed behavior.In my second and third studies I investigated the behavioral and electrophysiological responses of unconscious processing under predictive contexts, and how they differ from the conscious ones. I demonstrate that predictions affecting conscious and unconscious processing engage different neural mechanisms. I push forward the idea that consciousness might be necessary for the development of new predictions. Finally, I show that predictions can change the quality of unconscious accumulation of evidence.I discuss how predictions can help to understand the cognitive function of consciousness in the light of these results and other recent developments in the literature. I discuss possible constraints for this contribution under the light of current theories of consciousness
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Cravenho, David M. "Conscious/Unconscious /." Online version of thesis, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11514.
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Meendering, Joshua. "The unconscious Everest." Thesis, Saint Mary's University of Minnesota, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244701.
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This two-rater study sought to identify psychological defense mechanisms in the climbers of the 1996 Mount Everest climbing disaster through two sources documenting the event, a biographical interview documentary titled “Storm Over Everest,” (Breashears, 2008) and a written autobiography titled “Into Thin Air” (Krakauer, 1997). The two raters’ objectives were to locate and identify defense mechanisms in the material through verbal excerpts or descriptions of behaviors. Once the researchers coded the data and reached consensus, the defense mechanisms were ordered using Vaillant’s (1993) hierarchy of defense mechanisms. The current study identified high levels of psychotic defenses (i.e., Psychotic Denial) in the 1996 Mount Everest climbers prior to the storm and disaster striking. The climbers who continued to use denial after the storm hit were negatively impacted, while the climbers who used more adaptive defenses were positively impacted. This study’s results suggest that the 1996 Mount Everest climbers’ defense mechanisms became more flexibly adaptive once the climbers were caught in the storm. This in turn suggests that the more adaptive a person’s unconscious defense mechanisms, the more likely he or she may be able to adjust to the internal and external environment.
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Freer, Alexander William. "The Wordsworthian unconscious." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709519.
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Brams, Janis A. "Writing and the unconscious." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1987. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/409.
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Rebello, J. P. "Unconscious reasons : the explanation of human actions and the idea of an unconscious mind." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375984.
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Mealor, Andrew D. "Conscious and unconscious : passing judgment." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/45262/.
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The extent to which conscious and unconscious mental processes contribute to our experiences of learning and the subsequent knowledge has been subject to great debate. Dual process theories of implicit learning and recognition memory bear many resemblances, but there are also important differences. This thesis uses subjective measures of awareness to explore these themes using the artificial grammar learning (AGL) and remember/know (R/K) procedures. Firstly, the relationship between response times associated with intuition and familiarity based responding (conscious judgment of unconscious structural knowledge) compared to rule and recollection based responding (conscious structural knowledge) in AGL were found to be strikingly similar to remembering and knowing; their R/K analogues. However, guessing (unconscious judgment knowledge) was also distinct from intuition and familiarity based responding. Secondly, implicit learning in AGL was shown to occur at test, which would not be expected in R/K. Finally, wider theories of cognition, unconscious thought and verbal overshadowing, were shown to have measurable effects on AGL and R/K respectively. The approach used in this thesis shows the merits of both in-depth analysis within a given method combined with the synthesis of seemingly disparate theories. This thesis has built upon the important distinction between conscious and unconscious structural knowledge but also suggests the conscious-unconscious division for judgment knowledge may be as important. Implicit learning and recognition memory tasks differ in the kinds of mental processes that subjective measures are sensitive toward; particularly so in situations where judgment knowledge is unconscious. Different theories and methods divide nature in different ways; the conscious-unconscious judgment distinction may prove an important one.
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Gray, Katie L. H. "Unconscious processing of emotional faces." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/341583/.
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Due to capacity limits, the brain must select important information for further processing. Evolutionary-based theories suggest that emotional (and specifically threat-relevant) information is prioritised in the competition for attention and awareness (e.g. Ohman & Mineka, 2001). A range of experimental paradigms have been used to investigate whether emotional visual stimuli (relative to neutral stimuli) are selectively processed without awareness, and attract visual attention (e.g. Yang et al., 2007). However, very few studies have used appropriate control conditions that help clarify the extent to which observed effects are driven by the extraction of emotional meaning from these stimuli, or their low-level visual characteristics (such as contrast, or luminance). The experiments in this thesis investigated whether emotional faces are granted preferential access to awareness and which properties of face stimuli drive these effects. A control stimulus was developed to help dissociate between the extraction of emotional information and low-level accounts of the data. It was shown that preferential processing of emotional information is better accounted for by low-level characteristics of the stimuli, rather than the extraction of emotional meaning per se. Additionally, a robust ‘face’ effect was found across several experiments. Investigation of this effect suggested that it may not be driven by the meaningfulness of the stimuli as it was also apparent in an individual that finds it difficult to extract information from faces. Together these findings suggest that high-level information can be extracted from visual stimuli outside of awareness, but the prioritisation afforded to emotional faces is driven by low-level characteristics. These results are particularly timely given continued high-profile debate surrounding the origins of emotion prioritisation (e.g. Tamettio & de Gelder, 2010; Pessoa & Adolphs, 2010).
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黃淸華 and Ching-wa Wong. "On Freud's theory of the unconscious." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3121471X.
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The Best MPhil Thesis in the Faculties of Architecture, Arts, Business& Economics, Education, Law and Social Sciences (University of HongKong), Li Ka Shing Prize, 1995-1997published_or_final_version
Philosophy
Master
Master of Philosophy
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Blue, Ruth Isabel Victoria. "Circles and repetitions : habit and unconscious." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271819.
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Stacy, Michelle A. "Graphic design and the unconscious codes /." Online version of thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/11761.
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Draine, Sean C. "Analytic limitations of unconscious language processing /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9143.
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Wong, Ching-wa. "On Freud's theory of the unconscious /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18404431.
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Chen, Piera, and 陳思祥. "Of rocks and trees and the unconscious." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195070X.
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Fitzgerald, Cathy. "Waking dreams : Dickens and the Victorian unconscious." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.605163.
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This thesis examines Dickens's fiction within the context of nineteenth-century psychology, with particular emphasis on the developing concept of unconscious thought and states such as reverie, somnambulism and trance, which were seen as borderland territories between voluntary and involuntary mental activity. Fred Kaplan drew attention to this field in Dickens and Mesmerism (1975) and the past thirty years have brought a succession of stimulating articles broadening his focus. This is the first full-length study, and it aims to consolidate this piecemeal background and spark further effort by demonstrating the many ways in which the vibrant mess of discourses that comprised the fledgling science are at play in these texts. The breadth of Dickensian work available necessitates a selective approach and I focus on novels which reveal the evolution of theories of mind during the author's career. I sift the psychological material similarly, using books owned by Dickens as a skeleton and fleshing out arguments where appropriate with concepts widely disseminated in journals. The thesis charts a shift in the novels from a type of identity based on theories of associative memory propounded by Scottish Common Sense philosophers in the lateeighteenth century, to a less stable, more fragmented self founded upon the psychophysiological work of the mid-Victorian period. It argues the associative ideal of an integrated psyche rooted in domestic reminiscence is central to the early Dickensian vision of a socially engaged middle-class identity, and suggests later novels lament the loss of this dream and construct an increasingly solipsistic and conflictual model of the genteel psyche in its place. Further, it notes the texts' engagement with philosophical warnings about the addictive nature of daydream and fantasy, and asserts they offer metafictional justification of their own status as imaginary creations by seeking to transform readers in socially productive ways.
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Wienen, Renske. "Gender differences in unconscious visual working memory." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161418.
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Recent research has shown that working memory tasks can be performed with information that hasn’t been consciously perceived. This provides new opportunities in research concerning possible limitations and influential factors on unconscious working memory. Gender has been demonstrated to be a factor affecting conscious visual working memory tasks and could likewise influence unconscious visual working memory. An analysis of behavioral data, obtained in three similar unconscious visual working memory tasks (n = 89), was performed. Three ANCOVAs were conducted to establish whether there was a significant effect of gender on unconscious working memory accuracy, response time (RT) and speed-accuracy tradeoff (SAT) across the three datasets. The analysis demonstrated a significant advantage in response time for female participants compared to male participants. Implications of this observation, such as male and female response strategies and possible social implications of unconscious processes, are discussed in this thesis.Nyligen har arbetsminnet bevisats fungera omedvetet. Detta öppnar nya dörrar för forskning om möjliga begränsningar och påverkande faktorer på omedvetet arbetsminne. Kön, som har betydande inflytande på medvetet visuellt arbetsminne, kan på samma sätt också påverka det omedvetna visuella arbetsminnet. En analys av data, insamlad vid tre liknande visuella uppgifter där det omedvetna arbetsminnet användes (n = 91), utfördes. ANCOVAs utfördes för att fastställa huruvida det fanns betydande effekter utifrån kön på det omedvetna arbetsminnets noggrannhet, svarstid samt avvägning mellan snabbhet och noggrannhet, oavsett uppgift. Analysen visade ett signifikant övertag vad gäller kvinnors svarstid i jämförelse med manliga deltagare. Detta övertag gäller generell svarstid och en fördelaktig avvägning mellan snabbhet och noggrannhet. Konsekvensen av dessa observationer, såsom olika svarstaktik för män och kvinnor, möjlig samhällspåverkan av omedvetna processer, diskuteras i denna uppsats.
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El, Karoui Imen. "Mechanisms of conscious and unconscious interpretative processes." Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066155/document.
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Lorsqu’une représentation accède à la conscience, ce n’est pas simplement une représentation « objective », mais plutôt une interprétation subjective. Cette interprétation reflète la combinaison de nos connaissances sur le monde avec les données de notre environnement. Il est intéressant de comprendre comment ces interprétations se modifient lorsque l’on est confronté à des incohérences entre nos connaissances et les données. Dans cette thèse, nous avons étudié ces incohérences dans l’environnement et dans le comportement des individus.Dans une première série d’études, nous avons étudié l’apprentissage de régularités dans l’environnement ainsi que les relations entre ce processus et la conscience d’accès. La première étude porte sur les réponses cérébrales associées à la détection de régularités auditives chez des patients épileptiques implantés. La seconde porte sur la mise en place de stratégies lorsque l’on est confronté à de fréquents conflits, conscients ou non. Dans une seconde série d’études, nous avons étudié comment les sujets traitent les incohérences dans leur propre comportement, dans le cadre de la théorie de la dissonance cognitive, en utilisant le paradigme du choix libre. Nous avons identifié un rôle crucial de la mémoire grâce à une étude comportementale et une étude en IRM fonctionnelle.Les résultats de ces quatre études sont discutés dans ce manuscrit autour de deux questions clés. Tout d’abord, ces résultats mettent en évidence l’existence de processus utilisant des stimuli conscients, mais qui ne sont pas conscients eux-mêmes. Ensuite, nous discutons pourquoi l’on tend à chercher de la cohérence, dans notre environnement et dans notre comportementWhen we perceive a word, a picture or a sound, we do not access an ‘objective’ representation of them. Rather we gain immediate access to a subjective interpretation. This interpretation reflects the combination of our prior knowledge about the world with data sampled in the environment. An interesting issue is to understand how we deal with inconsistencies between our prior knowledge and the data from the environment. During this PhD, responses to inconsistencies both in the environment and in subjects’ own behavior were explored. The first series of studies address how subjects process regularities in the environment and how these processes relate to conscious access. To do so, two levels of auditory regularities were studied in epileptic patients implanted with intracranial electrodes. In a second experiment, we used a paradigm derived from the Stroop task to test responses to frequent conscious or unconscious conflicts. Behavioral measures and scalp EEG were used to assess changes in subjects’ strategy when processing trials conflicting with current expectations. In the second series of studies, we analyzed how subjects adapt their interpretations when confronted with inconsistencies in their own behavior, using the framework of cognitive dissonance. The implication of explicit memory was tested in a behavioral experiment and in an fMRI study. The results of these four studies are discussed around two main issues. First, these results highlight the existence of processes which rely on conscious stimuli but are not conscious themselves. Second, we examine what could explain our tendency to constantly seek consistency both in the external world and in our own behavior
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Trigoni, Efthalia. "Re-cognizing the unconscious in modernist literature." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707931.
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Chen, Piera. "Of rocks and trees and the unconscious." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17957606.
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Helliwell, Paul. "The creative unconscious and the pictorial sign." Thesis, University of East London, 2016. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/5172/.
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Within The Creative Unconscious and Pictorial Sign I explore the dialogue that exists between social language and personal expression to understand how creativity is mediated. I consider how the involuntary inventiveness of artistic creativity and the structuring function of language come to negotiate what artists can experience and represent. My Doctoral practice attempts to question the influence of orthodox postmodernist views and allow sensual and direct experiences to be located within improvisation and spontaneous approaches to image making. I ask if it is possible for a humanistic and psychological interpretation of creativity to move beyond the copy and quotation that some postmodern theories of simulation and the hyperreal advance; but to retain the communicative function of visual expression and the model of a social form of signification instead of naïvely promoting unintelligible and personal languages.
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Weatherby, Yvonne Martha. "D.H. Lawrence's "struggle for verbal consciousness": From Women in love to Psychoanalysis and the unconscious and Fantasia of the unconscious." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1224.
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Alcock, Rupert. "Governing the new unconscious : cognition, computation and biopolitics." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723433.
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Stark, Louisa-Jayne. "The effects of idea elaboration on unconscious plagiarism." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1919.
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Rates of unconscious plagiarism were investigated using Brown and Murphy's 3-stage paradigm. Initially, participants completed the creative Alternate Uses Test (generation phase) and then at test, recalled their original ideas (recall-own phase) and generated new ideas (generate-new phase). In both of the testing phases, participants plagiarised by reporting someone else's ideas as either their own idea or a new idea. Plagiarism rates increased over a one week retention interval (Experiment 2) and both active and passive participants were equally likely to plagiarise someone else's idea as a new idea (Experiment 1). When an elaboration phase was incorporated into the paradigm, following idea generation, different types of elaboration had clear and consistent effects on participant performance. Elaboration by rating ideas positively and negatively improved correct recall (Experiment 3) and rating the imaginability of ideas (Imagery-elaboration IE) and improving the ideas in three ways (generative-elaboration GE) also increased correct recall to a comparable degree (Experiment 4). In the generate-new phase, these different types of elaboration either reduced plagiarism (Experiment 4) or did not affect the level of plagiarism relative to control (Experiment 3, 5, 6, 7 & 8). However, in the recall-own phase, the GE alone consistently led to the highest levels of unconscious plagiarism (relative to IE or control, Experiment 4, 5, 6, 8). This pattern prevailed when participants were encouraged not to plagiarise by means of a financial incentive (Experiment 5) or when their memory was assessed more stringently by a source monitoring task (Experiment 9). IE did not result in such recalled intrusions, even when it was matched in terms of content to the GE (Experiment 6) or when IE was repeated (3 days after generation) and thus strengthened (Experiment 7). Also, strengthening IE did not affect plagiarism levels in a source monitoring task (Experiment 11). Strengthening GE, on the other hand served to dramatically inflate the observable intrusions in both a recall-own task (Experiment 8) and in a source monitoring task (Experiment 10). Therefore, contrary to a strength account, the probability of plagiarising another's ideas as one's own is linked to the generative nature of the elaboration performed on that idea, rather than its familiarity. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings will be discussed.
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Ellis, Heather. "Unconscious transference : an investigation of eyewitness identification errors." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248645.
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The thesis investigates the unconscious transference phenomenon which has been implicated in cases of mistaken identity. When an eyewitness to a crime misidentifies an innocent, but previously encountered person as the perpetrator in response to a lineup which does not include culprit, it has been speculated that the eyewitness confuses the two people by transferring their identities across contexts. This traditional definition of unconscious transference was investigated in one of two experiments. A videotaped, staged theft scenario was shown to 770 participant witnesses who attempted to identify the perpetrator from a photographic lineup. Those who viewed an innocent bystander prior to the crime scenario, were more likely to mistake that familiar person for the perpetrator when the latter was absent from the lineup, compared to control participants who were not shown the bystander. Bystander misidentifications obtained indicate that transference did occur. A significant minority of participants consciously inferred that the bystander and the perpetrator were the same person seen in different settings. Others realised that the two confederates were different individuals but misattributed the source of their memories. In a second experiment, evidence of another type of unconscious transference, characterised as a commitment effect, was obtained. Three months after the initial lineup, a second lineup administered to 505 participants from the first investigation indicated that an innocent person initially misidentified is likely to continue to be misidentified even if he/she was unfamiliar to the eyewitness prior to his photograph being shown. Further, a repeat misidentification is likely even when the perpetrator is included in the subsequent lineup. Cognitive mechanisms implicated in the transference effects include some monitoring and memory blending. However, relative judgements, demand characteristics and changes of presentation media were also implicated. The ramifications for forensic eyewitness situations are such that unconscious transference demands increased attention from eyewitness researchers.
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Weinberg, Haim. "Group analysis, large groups and the Internet unconscious." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430683.
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Armstrong, Anna-Marie. "Unconscious processing at the subjective threshold : semantic comprehension?" Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/51557/.
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Our thoughts and behaviours can sometimes be influenced by stimuli that we are not consciously aware of having seen. For example, the presentation of a word that is blocked from entering conscious visual perception through masking can subsequently influence the cognitive processing of a further target word. However, the idea that unconscious cognition is sophisticated enough to process the semantic meaning of subliminal stimuli is controversial. This thesis attempts to explore the extent of subliminal priming. Empirical research centering on subjective methods of measuring conscious knowledge is presented in a series of three articles. The first article investigates the subliminal priming of negation. A series of experiments demonstrates that unconscious processing can accurately discriminate between two nouns beyond chance performance when subliminally instructed to either pick or not pick a given noun. This article demonstrates not only semantic processing of the instructional word, but also unconscious cognitive control by following a two-word subliminal instruction to not choose the primed noun. The second article investigates subliminal priming of active versus passive verb voice by presenting a prime sentence denoting one of two characters as either active or passive and asking which of two pictorial representations best matches the prime. The series of experiments demonstrates that overall, participants were able to identify the correct image for both active and passive conditions beyond chance expectations. This article suggests that individuals are able to process the meaning of word combinations that they are not aware of seeing. The third article attempts to determine whether subliminal processing is sophisticated enough to allow for the activation of specific anxieties relating to relationships. Whilst the findings reveal a small subliminal priming effect on generalised anxiety, the evidence regarding the subliminal priming of very specific anxieties is insensitive. The unconscious is shown in these experiments to be more powerful than previously supposed in terms of the fine grained processing of the semantics of word combinations, though not yet in terms of the fine grained resolution of emotional priming.
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Heaney, J. C. "Schopenhauer and the unconscious origins of literary modernism." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.676514.
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This thesis explores the initial history of Schopenhauer's reception in Britain and then considers in detail his impact on the work of Thomas Hardy, D. H. Lawrence and Samuel Beckett. It argues that Schopenhauer's influence on the literature of the modernist period was both more nuanced and pervasive than has been previously supposed, contesting in particular the typical reduction of this inheritance to that of 'pessimism'. Special attention is paid to the philosophy's significance as an early theorisation of the unconscious. It will be a central tenet of this thesis that Schopenhauer's colossal influence on the intellectual developments of the latenineteenth and early-twentieth centuries has tended ultimately to obscure his wider cultural legacy, with the literary employment of ideas that were contained in embryo in his writing often ascribed automatically to later thinkers, such as Darwin, Nietzsche and Freud. The chapter on Hardy considers the possible influence of Schopenhauer's metaphysics on the treatment of 'evolutionary themes in his later novels, and - by analysing the use of the reproductive urge in these works to underscore humanity's essential identity with the natural world - seeks to elucidate the degree to which early notions of the unconscious originated from a monistic understanding of nature. The following chapter argues that the idiosyncratic psychology expounded in Lawrence's 'psychoanalytic' essays of the 1920s is indebted to Schopenhauer's theory of will, which is reflected equally in the model of consciousness that finds expression in his fiction of the period. The final chapter argues that the proliferation of 'pseudocouples' in Beckett's writing have their roots in Schopenhauer's dissection of the Cartesian cogito into the ontologically distinct elements of will and intellect, a radical reimagining of human subjectivity which also illuminates the trope of the listener and speaker which achieves similar prominence in the later work. The conclusion highlights Schopenhauerian elements in the work of Joseph Conrad, Wyndham Lewis and Vladimir Nabokov.
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Weiner, Elana. "Art as an expression of the unconscious psyche." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004903.
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This study aimed to investigate the use of expressive art as a manifestation of the unconscious psyche and as an indication of underlying personality dynamics. Its use as a significant medium for therapeutic encounter and exploration was investigated by analysing the art produced by four psychiatric in-patients during their participation in an eight-week art therapy programme. Each patient's art series was qualitatively and thematically interpreted with a focus upon the meaning of significant recurring images and motifs. The results of this study indicate that the particularity of each patient's graphic imagery enabled the lived experience of their struggles and preoccupations to emerge as uniquely different. Through their art productions they revealed the nature of their inner worlds and the power of their thoughts, feelings and experiences.
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Mericle, Robyn Rene. "Mirrors of absurdity the positive unconscious of knowledge /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010464.
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Greenwood, Nell. "Lighting the Way: Pedagogy, Creativity and the Unconscious." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/20262.
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The focus of this research is the relationship between pedagogy, creativity and the unconscious in the context of a postgraduate screenwriting classroom. Screenwriting is a visual mode of storytelling that relies on the effective deployment of a symbolic language to communicate complex ideas about the human predicament (Frederickson, 2001; Mackendrick, 2004). Many prominent screenwriters argue a link between the high level of creativity required for this kind of storytelling and a purposeful engagement with unconscious processes (Frederickson, 2001; Lynch, 2006; Mamet, 1991; Shoard, 2012). Yet my attempts, as both screenwriter and teacher, to gain a deeper, practical understanding of this relationship has been hampered by the lack of scholarly research in the area and the dominance of commercially oriented texts that suggest it is either a semi-mystical phenomenon impenetrable to analysis (Bonnet, 2006; Cameron, 1997; Sternberg & Lubart, 1996) or a faddish distraction from the true business of screenwriting: industrially focused craft. This research presents findings drawn from a case study of an 18-week creative course for screen structured around testing the relationship between engaging unconscious states in the classroom, heightened levels of creativity and the creation of compelling, cinematic stories. The workshop participants followed a structured program of freewriting and free-drawing exercises, established strategies used by creative writing and drawing teachers to facilitate students engaging unconscious, primary cognitive processes in the creation of work (Bindeman, 1998; Djistkeris & Meurs, 2006; Martindale,1999; Macrorie, 1976), to develop personal screenwriting projects. Drawn from a narrative analysis of the participants’ experiences and my own as teacher-researcher, this research reflects on the efficacy of freewriting and free-drawing as strategies to enhance students’ creativity and enrich their cinematic storytelling and proposes a pedagogy that embraces screenwriting as both a prescribed, industrially based form of writing and a highly creative mode that demands engagement with the more mysterious and intuitive facets of the creative process (Bindeman, 1998; Brande, 1934;Djistkeris & Meurs, 2006; Martindale,1999; Macrorie, 1976).
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Soon, Chun Siong. "The Unconscious Formation of Motor and Abstract Intentions." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-223474.
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Three separate fMRI studies were conducted to study the neural dynamics of free decision formation. In Study 1, we first searched across the brain for spatiotemporal patterns that could predict the specific outcome and timing of free motor decisions to make a left or right button press (Soon et al., 2008). In Study 2, we replicated Study 1 using ultra-high field fMRI for improved temporal and spatial resolution to more accurately characterize the evolution of decision-predictive information in prefrontal cortex (Bode et al., 2011). In Study 3, to unequivocally dissociate high-level intentions from motor preparation and execution, we investigated the neural precursors of abstract intentions as participants spontaneously decided to perform either of two mental arithmetic tasks: addition or subtraction (Soon et al., 2013). Across the three studies, we consistently found that upcoming decisions could be predicted with ~60% accuracy from fine-grained spatial activation patterns occurring a few seconds before the decisions reached awareness, with very similar profiles for both motor and abstract intentions. The content and timing of the decisions appeared to be encoded in two functionally dissociable sets of regions: frontopolar and posterior cingulate/ precuneus cortex encoded the content but not the timing of the decisions, while the pre-supplementary motor area encoded the timing but not the content of the decisions. The choice-predictive regions in both motor and abstract decision tasks overlapped partially with the default mode network. High-resolution imaging in Study 2 further revealed that as the time-point of conscious decision approached, activity patterns in frontopolar cortex became increasingly stable with respect to the final choice.
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Jones, Evan Douglas. "Testing The Unconscious Effect of Visual Context Illusions." W&M ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1530192323.
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This study tested the effects of a visual context illusion when it was suppressed from the subjects conscious awareness. Using a mirror stereoscope and a particular form of binocular rivalry, subjects made estimations of size with and without awareness of the presence of the illusory elements. No differences were found, suggesting that effect of the illusion may require conscious awareness and perhaps is not a product of early visual processing. Keywords: Ebbinghaus, Consciousness, CFS, Illusion
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Raetz, Edward Tucker. "Taran: An individuated hero for the collective unconscious." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2004. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/147.
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This study analyzes Lloyd Alexander's The Prydain Chronicles through a Jungian lens. Previous scholarship on Alexander's works has briefly considered archetypal criticism, but not extensively. Bruno Bettelheim's thoughts are used intermittently throughout the thesis. This study concentrates on Taran's individuation process, the discovery of true selfhood, and his consequent development of a whole psyche.
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Linser, Katrin. "Unconscious modulation of the conscious experience of voluntary control." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:14-1181000414782-24817.
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How does the brain generate our experience of being in control over our actions and their effects? Here I argue that the perception of events as self-caused emerges from a comparison between anticipated and actual action-effects: if the representation of an event that follows an action is activated before the action, the event is experienced as caused by one’s own action, whereas in the case of a mismatch it will be attributed to an external cause rather than to the self. In a subliminal priming paradigm I show that participants overestimated how much control they had over objectively uncontrollable stimuli, which appeared after free- or forced-choice actions, when a masked prime activated a representation of the stimuli immediately before each action. This prime-induced control-illusion was independent from whether primes were consciously perceived. Results indicate that the conscious experience of control is modulated by unconscious anticipations of action-effects.
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Kolodny, Jonathan Avram. "Conscious and unconscious processes in learning and memory retrieval." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241583.
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Jenkins, Simon Philip Roy. "Conscious and unconscious control in highly learned motor actions." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386616.
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Lingham, Susie. "Imaging emptiness: Reading the unconscious form Nagarjuna to Derrida." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488591.
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Imaging Empthiess is an interdisciplinary study of the unconscious as imaged and understood in literary, religious and philosophical discourse. Synthesizing psychoanalytic and philosophical perspectives on the mind, I attempt to develop an understanding of the spatial imagery reflecting the nature of the unconscious.
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Wilkinson, Leonora. "Methods for evaluating unconscious processes in implicit sequence learning." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418299.
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Smith, David William. "Investigation of unconscious precognition in the visual attention system." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8912.
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Precognition can be defined as an anomalous correlation between current cognitive activity and a future event. Using behavioural and physiological measures, a number of previous studies have reported evidence for unconscious precognition during a variety of task conditions. The current thesis presents five experiments that were designed to test for unconscious precognition in the visual attention system while participants were engaged in a short term visual memory task. Each trial consisted of a study and test phase. In the study phase, participants were required to memorise an array of four stimuli while their eye movements were recorded. After a brief retention interval, a probe stimulus was presented for a yes/no recognition test. Two conditions were employed and were randomly determined. In the old condition, the probe was a stimulus viewed during study, termed the target. In the new condition, the probe was a novel stimulus. Experiments tested for the presence of precognition by examining whether there was a difference in the degree to which visual attention was allocated to items during the study phase of old and new trials. Two further studies were also carried out involving simulations that aimed to establish the extent to which a previously described artefact, termed the expectation bias, may impact on the results. Experiment 1 suggested that participants spent more time attending to target stimuli in old compared to new trials, a result that appeared to provide evidence for precognition. However, the data was considered unreliable due to inadequate randomisation. An exact replication of Experiment 1 was carried out in Experiment 2 with adequate randomisation, but failed to find evidence for precognition. Experiment 3A was a further attempt to replicate the preliminary results of Experiment 1 using more extensive randomisation procedures while Experiment 3B explored the potential role of the probe stimulus in generating a precognitive effect. However, no support for the precognitive hypothesis was found in either experiment. A fully balanced design was employed in Experiment 4 in order to control for potential confounds such as position and saliency effects. The results supported the precognitive hypothesis and suggested that less attention was allocated to targets in the old condition. An exploratory analysis also examined the relationship between several standardised stimulus variables and the apparent precognitive effect observed in Experiment 4. The results revealed a suggestive relationship between the size of the effect and item ratings of familiarity and visual complexity. Simulations of an expectation bias in Experiments 5A and 5B together with post-hoc examination of the data from the current series of experiments suggest that this artefact is not a plausible explanation for the observed effects. The thesis ends with a discussion of several methodological issues that may impact on both the interpretation of positive results and the conclusions that may be reached from this body of data as a whole. Finally, suggestions for further work are made.
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Frances, Jane. "The role of the unconscious in reactions to disfigurement." Thesis, University of Essex, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.702727.
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People who have disfiguring conditions, injuries, illnesses or marks cannot access the 'civil inattention' which is widely accorded to most people in public places. Instead they are subject to reactions from others which include staring, curiosity, inappropriate solicitousness, admiration, presumptuous offers of advice, avoidance, hostility and abuse. In school, children who 'look different' are twice as likely to be bullied as their peers whose appearance falls within a normal range, and they find it much harder to make friends - particularly if their class mates have been given 'a talk' about the condition or injury that affects the way they look. The subjects of this project are the people responding to disfigurement. This project explores social and individual unconscious material and process which may lie behind other people's reactions to disfigurement. Concerning individual responses, a hypothesis is developed which links the subject's reactions to the disfigured object to the re-mobilisation of disfigured internal part-objects that were damaged in normal aggressive infant phantasy. This remobilisation of unconscious material is accompanied by a crucial few moments of confusion, anxiety, linked to fear of or concern for the subject's own loved object damaged in their own long-ago infant phantasy, and, in this sense, not a direct response to the stranger before them now whose appearance is unusual. To test this hypothesis a methodology is developed which uses contrasted preliminary activities to evoke different kinds of phantasy material within different subjects, before exposing them briefly to a damaged object, and then ascertaining their reactions. The experimental data reveals a significant relationship between the preliminary activities and the subjects' reactions to the disfigured objects, and also indicates an important role for conceptions of disfigurement rooted in the social unconscious.
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Gollan, Tamar Hela 1968. "Conscious and unconscious access to grammatical gender in Hebrew." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282633.
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Access to grammatical gender in Hebrew was examined using gender decisions, lexical decision, two-word lexical decision, and grammaticality judgments (with noun-adjective pairs, noun-verb phrases, and plural noun-plural adjective pairs). In the gender decision task, the role of word-form was dramatic. Nouns with an explicit gender marker (regular feminine) were classified most easily, and next were nouns in the default gender (unmarked masculine). In contrast, exception nouns (unmarked feminine nouns) produced extremely slow RTs and unusually high error rates. These same exception nouns, however, produced radically different results when syntactic context was provided; in the detection of gender agreement (i.e., "yes" decisions in grammaticality judgments) exception nouns did not produce longer RTs, and also error rates were not higher than those for regular nouns. In contrast, there was a strong effect of regularity in the detection of gender agreement violation (i.e., "no" decisions in grammaticality judgments). This same pattern replicated even when all elements of the phrase were explicitly marked (i.e., plurals grammaticality judgments), and also in the context of a task that placed both grammatical and ungrammatical pairs in the context of the same decision type. Because comprehension tasks necessarily begin with the analysis of word-forms where gender-marking regularity is most conspicuous, it is suggested that the results provide very strong evidence in favor of modular access mechanisms to lemma and lexeme representations. It is further suggested that access to the mental lexicon does not provide conscious access to grammatical gender. Efficient access is available only when the syntactic processor is invoked, and this processor does not rely on regularity at the word-form level. Without a syntactic context grammatical gender is retrieved through a variety of strategies and heuristics. Finally, it appears that gender-marking regularity does play a role in post-lexical processing mechanisms that are designed to detect grammaticality violations, and the latter mechanisms, as well as syntactic processing itself, cannot be suppressed.
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Krtolica, Marija. "The Embodiment of the Unconscious, Hysteria, Surrealism, and Tanztheater." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/516449.
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DancePh.D.
The primary subject of this dissertation is mental illness and performance of the hysterical symptom as they were investigated by the Swedish choreographer Mats Ek (Giselle, 1982), Tanztheater (from 1975-1979), and Second Wave Feminism. Historically, the examination begins in the nineteenth century, with the staging of madness in the romantic ballet Giselle (1841), and medical showings at Salpêtrière (1870s). The historical sites point to the interweaving of medical and dance cultures, and to a tendency towards pathologization of idiosyncratic movement expression within nineteenth century discourses on heredity, degeneration, and female health. To historically probe the ways in which twentieth century concert dance commented on pathologization of femininity, female performative labor, and expressive movement, the examination extends to: the fin-de-siècle café-concert scene; psychoanalytic sessions of 1890s, in which dancing played a role in both diagnosis and treatment; Nijinsky’s dance modernism as seen in Le Sacre du Printemps (1913); the anti-psychiatry within the post-1st World War Surrealism, and the post-2nd World War psychologically inflected choreographies by Antony Tudor, Martha Graham, Donya Feuer and Paul Sanasardo. The performance sites are investigated in relationship to the concepts of the unconscious, trauma, hysteria, hystericization, symptom, and expression. The dissertation proposes that late nineteenth century hysteria gained emancipatory meanings in the theoretical work of twentieth century dance scholarship, feminism, cultural criticism, and Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis. On the side of practice, Tanztheater participated in reclaiming hysteria. The Rite of Spring (1975), Bluebeard (1977), Café Müller (1978), and Arien (1979) explored traumatic memory, and male/female relationships in context of the post-2nd World War consumerist culture. I examine Pina Bausch’s and Mats Ek’s choreographies in dialogue with the contemporary theory to show that dance spectatorship can bring about an understanding of how the residues of political and personal past shape the experiences of the present.
Temple University--Theses
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Knight, Zelda Gillian. "Healing stories of the unconscious : past-life imagery in transpersonal psychotherapy /." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://eprints.ru.ac.za/102/.
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Huddy, Vyvyan. "Active processing in implicit learning." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390696.
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Beale, Geoffrey Leonard. "Discovering fragmented speech : towards a Bakhtinian approach to the unconscious." Thesis, Brunel University, 2004. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5156.
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Fragmented speech, the discovery of which forms the basis of this dissertation, provides the aim and direction of our thesis. The aim is to clarify precisely what fragmented speech is, and subsequently define its application. In this thesis, we begin by providing the historical background to the initial collision between psychoanalysis and literature. This broad base provides the impetus needed in order to formulate certain conclusions regarding the unconscious and the dialogic. Our methodology involves a combination of Freudo-Lacanian theory and Bakhtinian linguistics. As we approach an understanding of our subject, it becomes increasingly necessary to develop the issues surrounding the significance of fragmented speech. The significance of our work becomes focused when we provide an analysis of a `psychotic discourse', namely, the Memoirs of My Nervous Illness, by President Schreber – using the methodology described. In the final stages of our thesis fragmented speech becomes a symptom of psychosis. Under pressure from the unconscious, the image of speech may fragment. It is the interaction between the body image and the speech image that provides us with a speech complex. Consequently, this dissertation discovers fragmented speech at the very heart of the psychoanalytic session.
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Kelly, John C. "Political intelligence, America's liberal unconscious in the age of ideology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0007/NQ42534.pdf.
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McLaughlin, Eleanor. "Unconscious Christianity : a neglected element in Dietrich Bonhoeffer's late theology." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:18cc7914-ce11-4743-aec9-e9eb0a7be7de.
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In this thesis I argue that unconscious Christianity (unbewußtes Christentum), referred to by Dietrich Bonhoeffer in several of his later writings, is a significant idea in his late theology. There has as yet been no in-depth study of this theological concept as it appears in Bonhoeffer's work, and I therefore aim with this thesis to begin a new conversation in Bonhoeffer studies on this important topic. Bonhoeffer does not offer a definition of unconscious Christianity, but by analysing the ways in which he uses the term in his writing, I offer a constructed definition of unconscious Christianity as used by Bonhoeffer. The first three chapters of the thesis build towards this definition with a close analysis of each relevant text. By examining unconscious Christianity alongside other theological ideas in Bonhoeffer's prison writing, I show how an awareness and understanding of unconscious Christianity adds depth to readings of Bonhoeffer's late work. This thesis also clarifies the differences between unconscious Christianity and religionless Christianity, and shows how unconscious Christianity fits alongside the other, more widely-studied, concepts present in the later writings, such as the world come of age. This work demonstrates that there is movement within Bonhoeffer's thoughts on unconscious Christianity and points to Bonhoeffer's readiness to allow his personal circumstances to inform his theology. It also shows how unconscious Christianity represents a shift within Bonhoeffer's theology. This thesis also makes the subsidiary point that Bonhoeffer's prison fiction should be considered as theological writing. Through it Bonhoeffer addresses not only unconscious Christianity as discussed in this thesis, but many other issues that reoccur in his theological prison letters. I conclude by showing how an understanding of unconscious Christianity is beneficial not only for Bonhoeffer studies, but for contemporary theology more widely.
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Rozier, Camille. "Behavioral and neural properties of conscious and unconscious expectancy effects." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS458.
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Tandis que les psychologues débattent depuis longtemps la question du conscient et de l’inconscient pour savoir lequel a le plus d’influence sur le comportement humain, une approche plus fructueuse serait d’explorer comment ces deux aspects fonctionnent ensemble. En effet, les recherches récentes montrent que les liens entre les processus conscients et inconscients sont si étroits qu’il serait quasi-impossible d’avoir une compréhension générale de l’appareil psychique humain sans comprendre leurs interactions. De plus, la conscience semble être nécessaire pour qu’une représentation mentale puisse être maintenue et accessible à divers processus cognitifs tels que le contrôle stratégique ou la mémoire épisodique. Plusieurs expériences comportementales et d’imagerie fonctionnelle montrent que les représentations inconscientes sont typiquement de très courte durée. Toutefois, nous avons émis l’hypothèse que ces représentations inconscientes éphémères pourraient également provoquer des processus de plus longue durée, comme le suggère l’observation récente de préparations motrices et attentionnelles pouvant être manipulées inconsciemment. Ceci nous a poussé à explorer si l’attente d’un stimulus visuel imminent – qui sollicite des processus moteurs et attentionnels – est modulée par des processus inconscients. Ainsi, nous avons développé une série d’expériences d’amorçage masqué pour explorer la possibilité d’initier inconsciemment un effet d’attente soutenue. A travers quatre expériences complémentaires qui utilisent des mesures comportementales, de l’EEG à haute densité ou des enregistrements intra-crâniaux, nous démontrons qu’un signal perçu inconsciemment peut moduler un composant ERP (la variation contingente négative, CNV) de longue durée (>1 seconde) et que cet effet d’attente neurophysiologique va de pair avec une facilitation comportementale. Ces résultats soulignent l’importance de distinguer les représentations inconscientes éphémères de la possibilité d’une influence de plus longue durée sur les processus cognitifs. Les résultats iEEG ont mis en lumière une dissociation entre les effets conscients et inconscients. Nous trouvons des effets précoces comparables dans les régions temporales pour les signaux conscients et inconscients, suivis par des effets frontaux de longue durée uniquement pour les effets conscients. Ces résultats convergent vers un modèle en deux étapes des mécanismes sous-jacents de l’attenteWhile psychologists have long debated whether it is consciousness or unconsciousness that has a stronger hold on human behavior, a more fruitful endeavor is to explore how they work together. Recent research has shown that the links between conscious and unconscious processing are so extensive that it is almost impossible to get a complete picture of mental life without understanding their interactions. In this work, our main goal was to understand to which extent unconscious processing influences conscious representations, and impacts behavior. Furthermore, consciousness appears to be required for a representation to be actively maintained, and flexibly accessed, to most cognitive processes including strategic control and episodic memory. In several experiments, unconscious representations observed both with behavioral and functional brain-imaging tools are typically very short lived. However, we hypothesized that such vanishing unconscious representations may still elicit long-lasting processes. Indeed, recent research has shown that attention and motor preparation can be manipulated unconsciously. This led us to explore whether expectancy of an upcoming visual stimulus, which engages both attentional and motor processes, can be triggered by unconscious processes. To this aim, we designed a series of masked cueing experiments in which we explored the possibility of initiating unconsciously a sustained expectancy effect. Through four complementary experiments using behavioral measures, high-density EEG and intra-cranial recordings, we demonstrate that an unconsciously perceived visual cue can modulate a long-lasting (>1 second) event related potential (ERP) component (the contingent negative variation, CNV) and that this neurophysiological expectancy effect has a behavioral counterpart. These results underline the importance of distinguishing a fast decaying unconscious representation, from its possible long-lasting influences on cognitive processes. The iEEG results also revealed a dissociation between conscious and unconscious effects. We report early effects in temporal regions similar for conscious and unconscious cues, followed by late and sustained frontal effects for the conscious effects only. Taken together, these results converge towards a two-stage model of the underlying mechanisms of expectancy
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Dias, Joana da Silva. "Unconscious attentional processing and adaptation to conflict in videogame players." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/23741.
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Mestrado em Psicologia da Saúde e Reabilitação NeuropsicológicaA rede de controlo executivo é crucial para detetar e lidar com a interferência ou conflito resultante da competição entre diferentes estímulos, mesmo a um nível inconsciente. Para testar esta rede, pode ser usada a Eriksen Flanker Task, onde é apresentado um alvo com flankers, que podem ser congruentes ou incongruentes com o alvo. Esta tarefa também nos dá efeitos de compatibilidade que mostram a adaptação ao conflito. Recentemente, a pesquisa sobre os efeitos dos videojogos tem crescido, sugerindo melhorias nas habilidades de atenção em jogadores de videojogos (VGPs) em comparação com não jogadores de videojogos (NVGPs). No entanto, nenhum dos estudos analisou a rede de controlo executivo a um nível inconsciente. A tarefa Chromatic Flicker Fusion (CFF) é uma técnica recente que parece permitir interferência e adaptação ao conflito em condições inconscientes. O presente estudo utilizou uma Tarefa de Eriksen Flanker Task e CFF para comparar 31 VGPs e 29 NVGPs nos tempos de reação (RTs) e taxa de precisão. Os VGPs foram mais rápidos e mais precisos do que os NVGPs. Os resultados também sugerem que ambos os grupos têm um padrão igual em condições mascaradas (CFF) e visíveis. A condição mascarada não produziu a mesma interferência da condição visível, contrariamente às nossas previsões. Ambos os grupos apresentaram adaptação ao conflito, apresentando RTs mais baixas e maiores taxas de precisão quando os blocos apresentavam alta frequência de conflito. Os resultados sugerem que as habilidades melhoradas nos VGP ao nível do controlo executivo não se restringem ao processamento consciente.
The executive control network is crucial to detect and deal with the interference or conflict that results from the competition between different stimuli, even at an unconscious level. To test this network, an Eriksen Flanker Task can be used, where a target and flankers, that can either be congruent or incongruent with the target, are presented. This task also gives us compatibility effects that show us adaptation to conflict. In recent years, research on the effects of videogames has been growing, suggesting improvements in attentional skills in videogame players (VGPs) compared to non-videogame players (NVGPs). However, none of the studies analysed the executive control network at an unconscious level. Chromatic Flicker Fusion (CFF) is a recent technique that seems to allow interference and conflict adaptation in unaware conditions. The present study used an Eriksen Flanker Task and CFF technique to compare 31 VGPs and 29 NVGPs in reaction times (RTs) and accuracy rates. VGPs were faster and more accurate overall than NVGPs. The results also suggest that both groups have an equal pattern in masked (stimuli with CFF) and visible conditions. The masked condition did not produce the same interference as the visible condition, contrary to our predictions. Both groups showed adaptation to conflict, presenting lower RTs and higher accuracy rates when the blocks had high frequency of conflict. Results suggest that VGPs’ improved skills in executive control are not restricted to conscious processing
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Caiconte, Zavala Cristian. "The Developmental Unconscious: Labour and Enjoyment in Korea's Developmental Era." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28900.
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This thesis offers an innovative reinterpretation of Korea’s developmental era (1961-1987) that questions the subject-object epistemology that currently permeates the literature on the topic. It does so by criticising both empiricist approaches, such as the developmental state theory, as well as poststructuralist explanations such as Foucauldian discourse analysis. Both epistemological standpoints, the thesis argues, cannot adequately explain the rapid pace of Korean developmentalism and the profound social costs associated with it. Drawing on Karl Marx’s critique of political economy and Jacques Lacan’s theory of the unconscious, this thesis departs from stable and “rational” theoretical frameworks to instead understand developmental acceleration through the notions of contradiction and excess. In this way, it asks what are the often concealed historical dynamics that effected such acceleration in the first place. For this purpose, the thesis first analyses the speeches and other texts of Park Chung Hee, the architect of Korea’s developmental project, to arrive at a definition of the most abstract historical determinations of the period under investigation. This gives rise to the argument that the “miracle” of Korean development rests ultimately on the sublimation of “hard work”, a peculiar form of social compulsion that works in conjunction with processes of profit maximisation. Second, the thesis demonstrates the materialisation of the absolutisation of Korean labour by analysing the narratives of yŏgong (“factory women”) and the state-appointed leaders of the Saemaul Undong. Crucially, these narratives reflect the specific symbolic practices, or, in Lacanian terms, unconscious enjoyment, through which Korean workers reasserted the alienated structure that exploited them. The thesis shows that what the literature understands as a conscious statist deviation from the liberal path to development can be better grasped as a developmental unconscious—namely, a dynamic structure constituted both by the intentional activity of Korean people and the unintentional reproduction of the logic of capitalism, which remains covert, impersonal, and in permanent contradiction with Korean people’s will.