Academic literature on the topic 'Unconscious proce'
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Journal articles on the topic "Unconscious proce"
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Levrini, Gabriel R. D., and Mirela Jeffman dos Santos. "The Influence of Price on Purchase Intentions: Comparative Study between Cognitive, Sensory, and Neurophysiological Experiments." Behavioral Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 25, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs11020016.
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Price is considered one of the most important attributes in consumer’s choice. On the other hand, consumer’s knowledge about price tends to be imprecise. This study aims at providing new insights analyzing consumers’ perception of retail store brand (focused on Skin Care Products) comparing with two other skin care products, a premium, and a popular national brand. Second, to analyze the association price versus quality variables in the purchasing decision process. Third, to demonstrate the influence of both, unconscious and cognitive process during the purchase choice intention. Through Neuromarketing tools and protocols (quantitative and qualitative), the study exposes participants to a blind test of the three products and asks participants to talk about their sensory impressions like scent, feelings, and products texture. Using facial electromyography (EMG) and eye-tracker devices we measured consumers’ responses when we introduced price and brand name variables, by this way comparing unconscious and cognitive responses. The findings showed that an unconscious decision could be change when new variables were revealed. The study showed how conscious price variable was the major influence in their purchase intention.
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Trumpp, Natalie M., Felix Traub, Friedemann Pulvermüller, and Markus Kiefer. "Unconscious Automatic Brain Activation of Acoustic and Action-related Conceptual Features during Masked Repetition Priming." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 2 (February 2014): 352–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00473.
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Classical theories of semantic memory assume that concepts are represented in a unitary amodal memory system. In challenging this classical view, pure or hybrid modality-specific theories propose that conceptual representations are grounded in the sensory–motor brain areas, which typically process sensory and action-related information. Although neuroimaging studies provided evidence for a functional–anatomical link between conceptual processing of sensory or action-related features and the sensory–motor brain systems, it has been argued that aspects of such sensory–motor activation may not directly reflect conceptual processing but rather strategic imagery or postconceptual elaboration. In the present ERP study, we investigated masked effects of acoustic and action-related conceptual features to probe unconscious automatic conceptual processing in isolation. Subliminal feature-specific ERP effects at frontocentral electrodes were observed, which differed with regard to polarity, topography, and underlying brain electrical sources in congruency with earlier findings under conscious viewing conditions. These findings suggest that conceptual acoustic and action representations can also be unconsciously accessed, thereby excluding any postconceptual strategic processes. This study therefore further substantiates a grounding of conceptual and semantic processing in action and perception.
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Wójcik, Michał J., Maria M. Nowicka, Michał Bola, and Anna Nowicka. "Unconscious Detection of One’s Own Image." Psychological Science 30, no. 4 (February 20, 2019): 471–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797618822971.
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A key mechanism behind preferential processing of self-related information might be an early and automatic capture of attention. Therefore, the present study tested a hypothesis that one’s own face will attract bottom-up attention even without conscious identification. To test this, we used a dot-probe paradigm with electrophysiological recordings, in which participants ( N = 18) viewed masked and unmasked pairs of faces (other, self) presented laterally. Analysis of the sensitivity measure d ′ indicated that faces were not consciously identified in the masked condition. A clear N2 posterior-contralateral (N2pc) component (a neural marker of attention shifts) was found in both the masked and unmasked conditions, revealing that one’s own face automatically captures attention when processed unconsciously. Therefore, our study (a) demonstrates that self-related information is boosted at an early (preconscious) stage of processing, (b) identifies further features (beyond simple physical ones) that cause automatic attention capture, and (c) provides further evidence for the dissociative nature of attention and consciousness.
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Mattiassi, Alan D. A., Sonia Mele, Luca F. Ticini, and Cosimo Urgesi. "Conscious and Unconscious Representations of Observed Actions in the Human Motor System." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, no. 9 (September 2014): 2028–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00619.
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Action observation activates the observer's motor system. These motor resonance responses are automatic and triggered even when the action is only implied in static snapshots. However, it is largely unknown whether an action needs to be consciously perceived to trigger motor resonance. In this study, we used single-pulse TMS to study the facilitation of corticospinal excitability (a measure of motor resonance) during supraliminal and subliminal presentations of implied action images. We used a forward and backward dynamic masking procedure that successfully prevented the conscious perception of prime stimuli depicting a still hand or an implied abduction movement of the index or little finger. The prime was followed by the supraliminal presentation of a still or implied action probe hand. Our results revealed a muscle-specific increase of motor facilitation following observation of the probe hand actions that were consciously perceived as compared with observation of a still hand. Crucially, unconscious perception of prime hand actions presented before probe still hands did not increase motor facilitation as compared with observation of a still hand, suggesting that motor resonance requires perceptual awareness. However, the presentation of a masked prime depicting an action that was incongruent with the probe hand action suppressed motor resonance to the probe action such that comparable motor facilitation was recorded during observation of implied action and still hand probes. This suppression of motor resonance may reflect the processing of action conflicts in areas upstream of the motor cortex and may subserve a basic mechanism for dealing with the multiple and possibly incongruent actions of other individuals.
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BOLOGNA, SANDRA M., and CAMERON J. CAMP. "Covert versus overt self-recognition in late stage Alzheimer's disease." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 3, no. 2 (March 1997): 195–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617797001951.
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Some persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) lose the ability to recognize themselves, as when they cannot overtly recognize their reflection in a mirror. There is evidence, however, that covert or unconscious self-recognition might be displayed in such individuals. In this study, 3 persons with AD lacking the ability to overtly self-recognize demonstrated multiple instances of unconscious or covert self-recognition. A variety of interventions, inspired by research with prosopagnosics, was implemented to remediate this loss. Interventions enabled all participants to exhibit overt self-recognition, though each did so with the aid of a different intervention. In addition, successful overt self-recognition required a verbal probe and was entirely intervention-dependent: When the intervention was removed, overt self-recognition was lost. Results support a dissociation between explicit–declarative versus implicit–nondeclarative memory systems, and extends this dissociation into the realm of self-recognition in AD. (JINS, 1997, 3, 195–198.)
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Palmer, Anthony. "Music as an Archetype in the 'Collective Unconscious'." Dialogue and Universalism 7, no. 3 (1997): 187–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du199773/419.
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The making of music has been sufficiently deep and widespread diachronically and geographically to suggest a genetic imperative. C.G. Jung's 'Collective Unconscious' and the accompanying archetypes suggest that music is a psychic necessity because it is part of the brain structure. Therefore, the present view of aesthetics may need drastic revision, particularly on views of music as pleasure, ideas of disinterest, differences between so-called high and low art, cultural identity, cultural conditioning, and art-for-art's sake.All cultures, past and present, show evidence of music making. Music qua music has been a part of human expression for at least some forty-thousand years (Chailley 1964; viii) and it could well be speculated that the making of music (the voluntary effort to use tonal-temporal patterns in consistent form that are meant to express meaning) accompanied the arrival of the first human beings. As Curt Sachs states, "However far back we tracemankind, we fail to see the springing-up of music. Even the most primitive tribes are musically beyond the first attempts" (Sachs 1943; 20).Why do humans continuahy create music and include it as an integral part of culture? What is music's driving force? Why do cultures endow music with extraordinary powers? Why do human beings, individuahy and as societies, exercise preferences for specific works and genres of music? In probing these questions, I chose one aspect of Jungian psychology, that of the Collective Unconscious with its accompanying archetypes, as the basis upon which to speculate a world aesthetics of music. Once we dispense with the mechanistic and designer idea of human origins (Omstein 1991; Ch. 2), we have only the investigations of the human psyche to mine for data that could explain the myriad forms of artistic activity found the world over. An examination of human beings, I believe, must lead one ultimately to the study of human behavior and motivations, in short, to the psychology of human ethos (see, e.g., Campbell 1949 & 1976). This study wih take the following course: first, a discussion of consciousness and the Collective Unconscious, plus a discussion of archetypes; then, a description of musical archetypal substance; and finally, what I beheve is implied to form a world aesthetics of music.By comparison to Jung, Freud gives us little in the way of understanding artistic substance because for him, all artistic subject matter stems purely from the personal experiences of the artist. In comparing Freud and Jung, Stephen Larsen states that "Where Freud was deterministic, Jung was teleological; where Freud was historical, Jung was mythological" (Larsen 1992; 19). Jung drew on a much wider cross-cultural experiential and intellectual base than Freud (Philipson 1963; Part II, Sect. 1). His interests in so-cahed primitive peoples led him to Tunis, the Saharan Desert, sub-Saharan Africa, and New Mexico in the United States to visit the Pueblo Indians; visits to India and Ceylon and studies of Chinese culture all contributed to his vast knowledge of human experience. Jung constructed the cohective unconscious as a major part of the psyche with the deepest sense of tradition and myth from around the world. He was criticized because of his interests in alchemy, astrology, divination, telepathy and clairvoyance, yoga, spiritualism, mediums and seances, fortunetelling, flying saucers, religious symbolism, visions, and dreams. But he approached these subjects as a scientist, investigating the human psyche and what these subjects revealed about mental process, particularly what might be learned about the collective unconsciousness (Hall and Nordby 1973; 25 & Cohen 1975; Ch. 4). Jung's ideation, in my view, is sufficiently comprehensive to support the probe of a world aesthetics of music.
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Frings, Christian, and Dirk Wentura. "Negative Priming with Masked Distractor-Only Prime Trials." Experimental Psychology 52, no. 2 (January 2005): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.52.2.131.
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Abstract. The literature yields inconsistent evidence for negative priming (NP) following masked distractor-only prime trials. We contrast two different hypotheses on the inconsistent findings: one - which is most compatible with the temporal discrimination theory - that relates the sign of priming effects to the absence vs. presence of prime awareness and one - which is most compatible with the inhibition and episodic retrieval accounts - that relates the sign of priming effects to the prime event being categorized as a to-be-attended vs. to-be-ignored event. In two experiments, it turned out that participants’ awareness of the masked stimuli caused the different results (with participants being not aware of the primes showing NP), whereas the factor prime color = probe target color vs. prime color = probe distractor color (i.e., the prime contains the to-be-attended vs. the to-be-ignored signal) did not moderate NP. These findings are discussed with regard to theories of negative priming and the debate on conscious vs. unconscious perception.
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Woodbridge, Linda. "Afterword: Speaking with the Dead." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 118, no. 3 (May 2003): 597–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081203x47868.
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Various ghosts have haunted this special topic. Caroline Weber's essay conjures the ghosts of slaves in Denis Diderot's Le fils naturel. Kari Lokke explores the way Germaine de Staël, Mary Shelley, and George Sand deploy tales of contact with the spirits of the dead to probe a nation's political unconscious, enlisting the dead to galvanize the present into revolutionary action. For Todd Samuel Presner, Hegel's grand sweep of world history is haunted by the ghosts of Jews written out of that history. That PMLA in its special topics has not always wanted to listen to the Spirit of Literature Past is unsurprising, for the desire to listen to history's ghosts is by no means universal.
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Vila-López, Natalia, Ines Kuster-Boluda, and Adrian Alacreu-Crespo. "Designing a Low-Fat Food Packaging: Comparing Consumers’ Responses in Virtual and Physical Shopping Environments." Foods 10, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10020211.
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This paper aims to test to what extent emotional responses towards a low-fat product presented virtually converge with emotional responses toward this product when presented physically. Second, we want to probe if low-order emotions (physiological/unconscious responses) and high-order emotions (cognitive/conscious responses) converge to explain healthy product choices. To this end, 83 young participants were engaged in our experiment. Two packaging design variables were manipulated with the help of a real company (the color and the message), so that six different packages were created. Two different buying contexts were simulated: A virtual context and a physical context. Physiological responses were continuously recorded in both contexts (heart rates, electro-dermal responses, and eye muscle reactions). At the end, participants provided cognitive responses in a questionnaire concerning the selected package. Our results have demonstrated that low-order emotions remain stable (from a virtual to a physical environments). Virtual simulations elections and real product elections are correlated (X2 = 40.493; p < 0.02). Physiological and cognitive responses do not converge. Correlations between unconscious responses (low-order emotions) and self-reported measures (high-order emotions) was contrary to expectations (negative sign). Only low-order emotions explain product choices. On the contrary, real packaging choice and high-order emotions correlated inversely (the t values were significant but negative).
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Boulouque, Clémence. "Abraham Unbound: The Prefiguration of the Unconscious in the First Generation of the Musar and Hasidic Movements." European Journal of Jewish Studies 14, no. 2 (July 16, 2020): 334–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1872471x-bja10015.
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Abstract This study examines the respective theological assumptions of two major forces in nineteenth-century Judaism—the Musar and the early Hasidic movements, and the way in which the budding concept of the unconscious illuminates both. Often translated as an ethical approach, the Musar movement originated from Lithuania and focused on Torah study as it deemed Talmud insufficient to create a deep, emotional attachment to Judaism; yet, despite their shared emphasis on emotions and their criticism of talmudic studies, the Musar movement was at odds with Hasidism, the mystical Jewish current that swept Eastern Europe from the eighteenth century onward. Through an examination of the biblical motif of the binding of Isaac, and the reaction of Abraham, this article will probe both movements’ analysis of the patriarch’s psychological make up. Such a comparison of their understanding of the pre-conscious psychic states will illustrate the nature of their theological opposition.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Unconscious proce"
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CUCCHIARINI, VERONICA. "L'esplorazione dei processi mentali implicati nella soluzione di problemi insight attraverso lo studio del controverso ruolo della working memory." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/273359.
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L’insight problem solving è una delle attività cognitive più affascinanti, alla base della scoperta scientifica, della creatività e dell’innovazione. Nonostante la grande attenzione che ha ricevuto il concetto di insight nel corso del tempo e l’ampio corpus di ricerche accumulate, i processi implicati nella soluzione dei problemi di tipo insight rimangono in parte “misteriosi”. Questo lavoro cercherà di far emergere gli aspetti interessanti e i punti critici delle principali prospettive teoriche che si occupano di studiare questi processi, attraverso tre studi. Il filo conduttore che unisce gli studi è l'esplorazione del ruolo della memoria di lavoro nell'insight problem solving come strumento per far luce sulla natura conscia o inconscia dei processi implicati nella soluzione di questo tipo di processi. Il primo studio riguarda la relazione tra le funzioni dominio-generali della memoria di lavoro, intese come controllo esecutivo, e la soluzione dei problemi insight in una condizione a tempo limitato e in seguito a un periodo di incubazione indotto. Il secondo studio indaga la possibilità di considerare ruoli separati per le componenti dominio-specifiche verbali vs. spaziali della memoria di lavoro nell’insight problem solving, che si ipotizza potrebbero influenzare in maniera opposta il processo di soluzione. Il terzo studio infine, approfondisce la relazione tra strategie di soluzione, cambi di rappresentazione e differenze individuali nella Working Memory Capacity. Gli esperimenti hanno mostrato che i processi di soluzione dei problemi insight differiscono da quelli dei problemi non insight, non solo per la loro natura inconscia, ma anche per alcuni fattori che caratterizzano più in generale l’insight problem solving, come ad esempio le caratteristiche del problema, le conoscenze implicite dei soggetti e una più globale interpretazione della situazione sperimentale.Insight problem solving is one of the most fascinating cognitive activities, underlying scientific discovery, creativity and innovation. Despite the great attention that the concept of insight has received and the large body of research, the processes involved in the solution of this type of problem remain in part “mysterious”. This work, consisting of three studies, will seek to highlight the interesting aspects and the critical points of the main theoretical perspectives concerning the study of these processes. The common thread that unites the studies is the exploration of the role of working memory in insight problem solving as a tool to shed light on the conscious or unconscious nature of the processes involved in the solution of this type of problem. The first study concerns the relationship between the general-domain functions of working memory, understood as executive control, and the solution of insight problems in a limited time condition and after an induced incubation period. The second study explores the possibility of considering separate roles for verbal vs spatial specific-domain components of working memory in insight problem solving, which are assumed to affect the solution process in opposite ways. Finally, the third study explores the relationship between solution strategies, representation changes and individual differences in Working Memory Capacity. Experiments show that the processes underlying the solution of insight problems differ from those of non-insight problems, not only for their unconscious nature, but also for some factors that characterize more generally the insight problem solving, such as the characteristics of the problem, the implicit knowledge of the subjects and a more global interpretation of the experimental situation.
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Salem, Bilel. "Sartre, critique des poètes." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20078/document.
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Ma thèse traite d’un aspect de la critique sartrienne : la critique poétique. Elle se présente sous forme de triptyque. En effet, chaque partie traite de la figure d’un poète. Dans les deux premières parties de ma thèse, j’aborde deux poètes du XIXème siècle : Baudelaire et Mallarmé. Les deux livres qui m’ont servi de support pour étudier cette critique poétique sont le Baudelaire de Sartre et Mallarmé, La lucidité et sa face d’ombre. Ces deux essais ont radicalement bouleversé la manière avec laquelle on appréhendait jusqu’à là la figure de ces deux poètes. Si le XIXème siècle en a fait des monstres sacrés qui ont apporté la nouveauté dans le genre poétique, Sartre quant à lui, sape certaines idées reçues. Baudelaire est le premier à qui il s’attaque en dénonçant son désengagement. Il critique son dandysme outrancier qui en a fait selon lui un poète stérile. Cet essai est aussi l’occasion pour Sartre d’exposer sa théorie de l’existentialisme et de montrer que l’Engagement et la Littérature vont de pair et illustrent la liberté de l’Homme. Dans la seconde partie qui traite de Mallarmé, la lucidité et sa face d’ombre, la critique poétique se mêle à la critique historique. Sartre commence par brosser un tableau de la société du XIXème siècle en mettant l’accent sur le désœuvrement de ce siècle. Mallarmé semble comme Baudelaire illustrer une certaine forme de désengagement. Pourtant Sartre semble omettre un élément essentiel, c’est que ces poètes de la deuxième moitié du XIXème siècle font partie de ce que l’on appelle « Les Héritiers de l’athéisme ». Mallarmé dévoile l’absence d’un Dieu en caressant l’idée du suicide. Celui-ci apparaît dans ses poèmes puisque le poète expérimente sa propre mort comme pour réaffirmer l’absence de Dieu. En conséquence, il existe une liberté inhérente à ces deux poètes que sont Baudelaire et Mallarmé, mais cette liberté est bien différente de la liberté sartrienne qui se conçoit comme un absolu. Enfin dans la troisième partie de la thèse, c’est Genet qui est à l’honneur. Sartre manifeste là toute son admiration pour ce génie créateur qui a su assumer pleinement ses choix et qui n’a cessé de revendiquer la singularité de son être. La conception que se fait Genet de l’existence se situe aux antipodes de l’attitude baudelairienne. Chez Genet, la poésie s’est imposée comme un acte libérateur. Sartre n’hésite pas à comparer parfois indirectement les poètes. En effet, à ses yeux Baudelaire ne s’est aucunement illustré dans le mal. Genet, lui, par contre a fait de ce mal une véritable splendeur. Il l’a célébré et a fini par l’incarner. En abordant la destinée singulière de trois poètes, Sartre illustre en même temps sa propre philosophie existentielle. Il démontre l’absence d’un Inconscient qui expliquerait toutes nos actions et réaffirme la liberté absolue de l’HommeMy thesis deals with one aspect of Sartre's critic: the poetic criticism. It has three major parts. The first and the second parts of my thesis discuss two poets of the nineteenth century: Baudelaire and Mallarmé.Baudelaire and Mallarmé, La lucidité et sa face d’ombre represent two principals books which have been support my study. Both essays play a great role to change the way in which we thought about them before Sartre’s studies.The nineteenth century has made Baudelaire and Mallarmé as two most important poets, however Sartre brought innovation and tried to broke our popular belief. In the first part, Sartre has been denouncing Baudelaire’s disengagement.In the second part which deals with Mallarmé, la lucidité et sa face d’ombre,, Sartre describe the poets of second half of the nineteenth century as “The heirs of Atheism” . As a result, Sartre creates a new notion of freedom which is totally different from those of Mallarmé and Baudelaire. Finally, in the third part Sartre chose to express his admiration for Genet because he assumed his responsibility for his choice of being. Genet’s conception of existence is contradicted with that of Baudelaire.To crown it all, Sartre show his existential philosophy throughout these three poets of XIX and XX centuries. In relation to Sartre there is no Unconscious that would explain our actions. Consequently, he confirms the absolute freedom of Man
Books on the topic "Unconscious proce"
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Itineranti, Catholic Church Pontificio Consiglio della Pastorale per i. Migranti e. gli. Migranti e pastorale d'accoglienza: Quaderni universitari : commenti all'istruzione Erga migrantes caritas christi (II parte). Citt ̉del Vaticano: Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2006.
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Briefly Knocked Unconscious By A Lowflying Duck Stories From 2nd Story. Elephant Rock Books, 2012.
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O'Brien, John. Literature Incorporated: The Cultural Unconscious of the Business Corporation, 1650-1850. University of Chicago Press, 2016.
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Literature Incorporated: The Cultural Unconscious of the Business Corporation, 1650-1850. University of Chicago Press, 2015.
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Kar, Robin Bradley, and John Lindo. Race and the Law in the Genomic Age. Edited by Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.55.
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Despite the ‘Age of Genomics’, many scholars who study race and the law resist biological insights into human psychology and behaviour. Contemporary developments make this resistance increasingly untenable. This chapter synthesizes recent findings in genomics and evolutionary psychology, which suggest cause for concern over how racial concepts function in the law. Firstly, racial perceptions engage a ‘folk-biological’ module of psychology, which generates inferences poorly adapted to genomic facts about human populations. Racial perceptions are, therefore, prone to function in ways more prejudicial than probative of many issues relevant to criminal and civil liability. Secondly, many folk biological inferences function automatically, unconsciously, and without animus or discriminatory intent. Hence, current equal protection doctrine, which requires a finding of discriminatory intent and is a central mechanism for guaranteeing people equal treatment under the law, is poorly suited to that task. These facts support but complicate several claims made by Critical Race Theorists.
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Knoper, Randall. Literary Neurophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192845504.001.0001.
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Writing about neurophysiology more than a century ago, what were US authors doing? Literary Neurophysiology: Memory, Race, Sex, and Representation in U.S. Writing, 1860–1914 examines their use of literature to experiment with the new materialist psychology, which bore upon their efforts to represent reality and was forging new understandings of race and sexuality. Sometimes they emulated scientific epistemology, allowing their art and conceptions of creativity to be reshaped by it. Sometimes they imaginatively investigated neurophysiological theories, challenging and rewriting scientific explanations of human identity and behavior. By enfolding physiological experimentation into literary inquiries that could account for psychological and social complexities beyond the reach of the laboratory, they used literature as a cognitive medium. Mark Twain, W. D. Howells, and Gertrude Stein come together as they probe the effects on mimesis and creativity of reflex-based automatisms and unconscious meaning-making. Oliver Wendell Holmes explores conceptions of racial nerve force elaborated in population statistics and biopolitics, while W. E. B. Du Bois and Pauline Hopkins contest notions of racial energy used to predict the extinction of African Americans. Holmes explores new definitions of “sexual inversion” as, in divergent ways, Whitman and John Addington Symonds evaluate relations among nerve force, human fecundity, and the supposed grave of nonreproductive sex. Carefully tracing entanglements and conflicts between literary culture and mental science of this period, Knoper reveals unexpected connections among these authors and fresh insights into the science they confronted. Considering their writing as cognitive practice, he provides a new understanding of literary realism.
Book chapters on the topic "Unconscious proce"
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Cavenaghi, Emanuele, Lorenzo Camaione, Paolo Minasi, Gabriele Sottocornola, Fabio Stella, and Markus Zanker. "A Re-rank Algorithm for Online Hotel Search." In Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2023, 53–64. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25752-0_5.
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AbstractRecommender Systems were created to support users in situations of information overload. However, users are consciously or unconsciously influenced by several factors in their decision-making. We analysed a historical dataset from a meta-search booking platform with the aim of exploring how these factors influence user choices in the context of online hotel search and booking. Specifically, we focused our study on the influence of (i) ranking position, (ii) number of reviews, (iii) average ratings and (iv) price when analysing users’ click behaviour. Our results confirmed conventional wisdom that position and price were the “two elephants in the room” heavily influencing user decision-making. Thus, they need to be taken into account when, for instance, trying to learn user preferences from clickstream data. Using the results coming from this analysis, we performed an online A/B test on this meta-search booking platform comparing the current policy with a price-based re-rank policy. Our online experiments suggested that, although in offline experiments items with lower prices tend to have a higher Click-Through Rate, in an online context a price-based re-rank was only capable to improve the Click-Through Rate metric for the first positions of the recommended lists.
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Hughes, Emily. "Psychoanalysis." In Studying Talk to Her, 75–90. Liverpool University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781906733438.003.0008.
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This chapter analyses Pedro Almodóvar's Talk to Her (2002) using psychoanalytic film theory. Early psychoanalytic film theory invited the spectator to decode the unconscious of the film-maker, seeing film as a projection or expression of the film-maker's unconscious. For Almodóvar, this approach could be fruitful, as several people have claimed that Talk to Her is somewhat autobiographical. The second branch of psychoanalytic film theory focuses on characters and the audience's challenge and desire to analyse their unconscious motivations. Whilst this approach has been criticised, as arguably characters, by their very nature, are not real and thus have no unconscious, it can prove fruitful in an analysis of Talk to Her, particularly through the explicit references to psychiatry and Benigno's past. The third branch of psychoanalytic film theory is audience-centred, which sees characters' behaviours as being interpreted as explorations of the spectator's own unconscious. This approach is similarly interesting to consider due to the interesting position in which it places the spectator in relation to Benigno and the rape and forces the spectator to ask difficult questions.
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Winnicott, Donald W. "The Price of Disregarding Psychoanalytic Research." In The Collected Works of D. W. Winnicott, 149–56. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190271398.003.0022.
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Winnicott proposes that to assess the price we pay for neglecting psychoanalytic research findings, we must first inquire into the nature of such psychoanalytic research. Winnicott points out that research that concerns itself with the unconscious is largely unacceptable to society. For Winnicott psychoanalytic research is not to be forced into the pattern that suits research in the physical sciences. The material for psychoanalytic research is essentially the human being: being, feeling, acting, relating and contemplating. For Winnicott, analytic research is the collective experience of analysts. The price here has to be measured in terms of human waste and suffering. Research along these lines gets Winnicott’s full support, though he recognises that much psychoanalytic research is held up because of mutual suspicion between psychiatrist and psychoanalyst.
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Spencer, Danielle. "Blindsight." In Metagnosis, 127–61. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197510766.003.0005.
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In situating the author’s retrospective visual field “defect” revelation, this chapter begins with the neurological condition of anosognosia—being unaware of a disease—exploring its manifestations and philosophical implications. In addition, another means of understanding the author’s visual field “defect” emerges in the figure of “blindsight,” or unconscious vision. Tracing the relationship between vision and thought in the Western philosophical tradition as well as the philosophical role of blindsight, the chapter then proposes that blindsight models a particular epistemic stance encompassing the known and unknown, one which will prove useful in addressing the phenomenon of metagnosis and beyond.
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Khatyamova, Marina A. "Aesthetic Functions of a Tale in Ivan Bunin`s Prose." In I.A. Bunin and his time: Context of Life — History of Work, 139–48. A.M. Gorky Institute of World Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22455/ab-978-5-9208-0675-8-139-148.
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The tale (‘skaz’) is a rare object of interest for Bunin, therefore the organization of narration in the stories “The Good Life” (1911), “About the Fool Emelya, Who Came Out Smarter” (1921), “Rafter Man” (1930), “Iron Wool” (1944), representing different stages of work, is aesthetically significant and allows one to trace the narrative dynamics of the writer’s prose as a whole. While in the first three works the author chooses a characteristic ‘skaz’ as a way of self-exposure of the people’s consciousness, the folklore stylization in the latter serves to depict the conditioning of the author’s consciousness by national mentality and tradition. A characteristic tale used by Bunin in the 1910s and 1930s in order to discover and comprehend external reality (personality psychology, socio-historical modernity, national being) later gives way to folk stylization as a tool for discovering cosmic Eros in the archaics of national consciousness and in the unconscious of the author — the bearer of the archetypal structures.
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Dickens, Charles. "Comprises certain Particulars arising out of a Visit of Condolence, which may prove important hereafter. Smike unexpectedly encounters a very old Friend, who invites him to his House, and will take no Denial." In Nicholas Nickleby. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199538225.003.0039.
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Quite unconscious of the demonstrations of their amorous neighbour, or of their effects upon the susceptible bosom of her mama, Kate Nickleby had, by this time, begun to enjoy a settled feeling of tranquillity and happiness, to which, even in occasional and transitory glimpses,...
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Elhaik, Tarek. "Post-Mexican Fugue1(Farewell to ¡Que Viva Mexico!)." In The Incurable-Image. Edinburgh University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474403351.003.0005.
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This chapter focuses on the watershed curatorial project Mexperimental: 60 Years of Avant-Garde Media Arts from Mexico. Curated in 1998 by Jesse Lerner and Rita Gonzalez as a visual and conceptual probe into the post-Mexican condition, Mexperimental has had an enduring impact on the ethics of curation and pedagogy of moving images. One of the incurable-images of Mexican modernity and visual culture is the maguey plant, which has left an enduring impression on the anthropological, political, optical, and curatorial unconscious of post-revolutionary Mexico. The chapter examines three contemporary experimental documentaries that propose an alternative montage to nationalist and vanguardista uses of the maguey: Rubén Gámez's Magueyes (1962), Olivier Debroise's Un Banquete En Tetlapayac (2000), and Jesse Lerner's Magnavoz (2006).
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Wilcher, Robert. "Henry Vaughan and George Herbert." In Keeping the Ancient Way, 193–224. Liverpool University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781800859746.003.0008.
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This chapter discusses Vaughan’s major debt to George Herbert’s The Temple. It traces the gradual discovery of the extent of Herbert’s influence on Silex Scintillans and distinguishes acts of plagiarism from imitations, inert quotations, echoes, functional allusions and more unconscious manifestations of borrowing. Several examples of wholesale imitation of individual poems by Herbert are analysed and Vaughan’s habit of weaving multiple details from a wide range of poems by Herbert into a single poem of his own is demonstrated. The chapter ends by showing that Vaughan became less dependent on Herbert as a creative source in the second part of Silex Scintillans and invoked him in his later prose volumes as a pattern of holy life and a model of the true Christian poet.
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Belsey, Catherine. "The differed subject." In Poststructuralism: A Very Short Introduction, 43—C3.P68. 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198859963.003.0003.
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Abstract This chapter turns to the theoretical work of Michel Foucault, Julia Kristeva, Jacques Lacan, and Jacques Derrida, along with examples such as Titian’s Venus Blindfolding Cupid and Virginia Woolf’s Orlando, to examine how the subject of poststructuralism is neither unified nor an origin, and is thus a far cry from the unique individual who has traditionally represented humanity in the Free West. The difference between the terms ‘subject’ and ‘identity’ is outlined, and the chapter explores how psychoanalysis deepens poststructuralism’s questioning of the view that consciousness is an origin by redoubling consciousness with unconscious desires that exercise other determinations, according to an agenda we don’t even recognize. The free individual, poststructuralism proposes, is no longer either individual or free. Does this mean we cannot resist our own subjection and that cultural norms (about sex, gender, and binary oppositions, for example) are beyond challenge? No, though there might be a price to pay. The chapter engages with Foucault’s claim that there is by definition no power without the possibility of resistance, and it concludes with a discussion of poststructuralism’s radical edge in a world that often privileges unity and identity.
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Ercanoglu, Murat, and Harun Sonmez. "General Trends and New Perspectives on Landslide Mapping and Assessment Methods." In Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 350–79. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2709-1.ch010.
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Landslides and their consequences are of great importance throughout the world and they constitute an important responsibility on the damages and fatalities among the natural or man-made hazards. Landslide mapping and assessment studies have become a very important issue for the geoscientists and the decision makers to prevent from the consequences of the landslides, particularly in the last decades. In addition to the increase in population and poor economic conditions, unconsciously built settlements, located in the landslide-prone areas, were the most influencing factors on these losses and damages sourced from the landslides. This section particularly focuses on the landslide mapping and assessment methods considering the chronological development of these methods. In addition, this section also summarizes the landslide inventory, susceptibility, hazard and risk concepts, considering the scientific landslide literature. Furthermore, past-actual trends and new perspectives on these issues were also compiled to show the readers how this subject emerged and evolved progressively.
Conference papers on the topic "Unconscious proce"
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Zhang, Han, and Seunghee Lee. "Drowsiness Prevention System in Automatic Driving -- Effects of Light Position on Comfortable and Unconscious Wakefulness During Driving." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2023) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002816.
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With today's automated driving assistance, drivers must always remain awake and aware of road conditions. In an emergency or when having difficulty operating the automated driving system, the driver must immediately assume vehicle control. In particular, autonomous driving is currently used mainly on highways, where drivers are prone to drowsiness due to the monotonous driving environment. Faced with this problem, many researchers and companies have developed drowsiness-prevention driving systems to prevent drivers from falling asleep. However, most conventional methods force people to wake up to unpleasant loud sounds, neglecting the driver's sense of driving experience. This study aims to identify the effects of light position on comfortable and unconscious wakefulness during driving. Specifically, we investigated 20 participants' concentration, reaction time and stimulation experience evaluated by brainwave apparatus, the Mackworth Clock Vigilance Test (MCVT), Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (KSS) and the Subjective Evaluation Survey when three stimuli were used: voice only, voice and handle lighting, voice and ambient lighting. The results showed no significant differences between the three stimulation modalities in KSS (p = .082) and MCVT (p =.547). Conversely, the evaluation of audio-visual experience was significantly impacted by the position of lighting by Bonferroni pairwise comparisons: when the handwheel light was displayed, participants felt more surprised than with the other two stimuli (p =.03). The findings of this study compare the effects of different light positions on the audio-visual experience and provide reference suggestions for the visual placement of drowsiness prevention systems.
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Reithmeier, Lukas, Oliver Krauss, and Gerald Adam Zwettler. "Transfer Learning and Hyperparameter Optimization for Instance Segmentation with RGB-D Images in Reflective Elevator Environments." In WSCG'2021 - 29. International Conference in Central Europe on Computer Graphics, Visualization and Computer Vision'2021. Západočeská univerzita, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/csrn.2021.3002.30.
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Elevators, a vital means for urban transportation, are generally lacking proper emergency call systems besidesan emergency button. In the case of unconscious or otherwise incapacitated passengers this can lead to lethalsituations. A camera-based surveillance system with AI-based alerts utilizing an elevator state machine can helppassengers unable to initiate an emergency call. In this research work, the applicability of RGB-D images asinput for instance segmentation in the highly reflective environment of an elevator cabin is evaluated. For objectsegmentation, a Region-based Convolution Neural Network (R-CNN) deep learning model is adapted to use depthinput data besides RGB by applying transfer learning, hyperparameter optimization and re-training on a newlyprepared elevator image dataset. Evaluations prove that with the chosen strategy, the accuracy of R-CNN instancesegmentation is applicable on RGB-D data, thereby resolving lack of image quality in the noise affected andreflective elevator cabins. The mean average precision (mAP) of 0.753 is increased to 0.768 after the incorporationof additional depth data and with additional FuseNet-FPN backbone on RGB-D the mAP is further increased to0.794. With the proposed instance segmentation model, reliable elevator surveillance becomes feasible as firstprototypes and on-road tests proof.
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Karpova, Svetlana, and Olga Ustinova. "TRANSFORMATION OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR IN THE INDUSTRIAL MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF DIGITALIZATION." In III International Conference Technology & Entrepreneurship in Digital Society. Real Economy Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/teds-2020-28-32.
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Intense competition in industrial markets leads to constant changes in consumer behavior. Difficult pricing negotiations and abuse of power make it difficult for participants to interact in sales management. Taking these facts into account, it should be noted that for the sales manager, price becomes an indicator of success in the end result of negotiations. At the same time, surveys of heads of sales departments in the industrial sector show that, among other important elements of negotiations, are the duration of the business relationship, the reputation of the supplier. Despite these tendencies, questions remain about other factors that can consciously or unconsciously influence the negotiation situation, both in a positive and negative direction. The research results were carried out in accordance with the order of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation of March 20, 2020 No. 0564 / o "On the organization of the implementation of the second stage of fundamental research works carried out within the framework of the state assignment in 2020." on the topic "Theory of consumer behavior in the modern economy".