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Journal articles on the topic 'Ultrastable laser'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 14 March 2023

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1

Lulu Yan, Lulu Yan, Yanyan Zhang Yanyan Zhang, Zhaoyang Tai Zhaoyang Tai, Pan Zhang Pan Zhang, Xiaofei Zhang Xiaofei Zhang, Wenge Guo Wenge Guo, Shougang Zhang Shougang Zhang, and Haifeng Jiang Haifeng Jiang. "Multi-cavity-stabilized ultrastable laser." Chinese Optics Letters 16, no. 12 (2018): 121403. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201816.121403.

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2

Qian, Yuchen, Yong Xie, Jianjun Jia, and Liang Zhang. "Design of Active Vibration Isolation Controller with Disturbance Observer-Based Linear Quadratic Regulator for Optical Reference Cavities." Sensors 23, no. 1 (December 28, 2022): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23010302.

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The optical reference cavity in an ultrastable laser is sensitive to vibrations; the microvibrations in a space platform affect the accuracy and stability of such lasers. In this study, an active vibration isolation controller is proposed to reduce the effect of vibrations on variations in the cavity length and improve the frequency stability of ultrastable lasers. Based on the decentralized control strategy, we designed a state-differential feedback controller with a linear quadratic regulator (LQR) and added a disturbance observer (DOB) to estimate the source noise. Experiments were conducted using an active vibration isolation system; the results verified the feasibility and performance of the designed controller. The accelerations along the axis (Z-, X-, Y-) directions were suppressed in the low-frequency band within 200 Hz, and the root-cumulative power spectral densities (PSDs) declined to 1.17 × 10−5, 7.16 × 10−6, and 8.76 × 10−6 g. This comprehensive vibration met the requirements of an ultrastable laser.

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3

Carlson, David R., Daniel D. Hickstein, Wei Zhang, Andrew J. Metcalf, Franklyn Quinlan, Scott A. Diddams, and Scott B. Papp. "Ultrafast electro-optic light with subcycle control." Science 361, no. 6409 (September 27, 2018): 1358–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat6451.

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Light sources that are ultrafast and ultrastable enable applications like timing with subfemtosecond precision and control of quantum and classical systems. Mode-locked lasers have often given access to this regime, by using their high pulse energies. We demonstrate an adaptable method for ultrastable control of low-energy femtosecond pulses based on common electro-optic modulation of a continuous-wave laser light source. We show that we can obtain 100-picojoule pulse trains at rates up to 30 gigahertz and demonstrate sub–optical cycle timing precision and useful output spectra spanning the near infrared. Our source enters the few-cycle ultrafast regime without mode locking, and its high speed provides access to nonlinear measurements and rapid transients.

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4

Ye, Yanxia, Leilei He, Yunlong Sun, Fenglei Zhang, Zhiyuan Wang, Zehuang Lu, and Jie Zhang. "Vibration Property of a Cryogenic Optical Resonator within a Pulse-Tube Cryostat." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 9, 2021): 4696. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144696.

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Cryogenic ultrastable laser cavities push laser stability to new levels due to their lower thermal noise limitation. Vibrational noise is one of the major obstacles to achieve a thermal-noise-limited cryogenic ultrastable laser system. Here, we carefully analyze the vibrational noise contribution to the laser frequency. We measure the vibrational noise from the top of the pulse-tube cryocooler down to the experiment space. Major differences emerge between room and cryogenic temperature operation. We cooled a homemade 6 cm sapphire optical resonator down to 3.4 K. Locking a 1064 nm laser to the resonator, we measure a frequency stability of 1.3×10−15. The vibration sensitivities change at different excitation frequencies. The vibrational noise analysis of the laser system paves the way for in situ accurate evaluation of vibrational noise for cryogenic systems. This may help in cryostat design and cryogenic precision measurements.

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5

Yang, Ruitao, Haisu Lv, Jing Luo, Pengcheng Hu, Hongxing Yang, Haijin Fu, and Jiubin Tan. "Ultrastable Offset-Locking Continuous Wave Laser to a Frequency Comb with a Compound Control Method for Precision Interferometry." Sensors 20, no. 5 (February 25, 2020): 1248. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20051248.

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A simple and robust analog feedforward and digital feedback compound control system is presented to lock the frequency of a slave continuous wave (CW) laser to an optical frequency comb. The beat frequency between CW laser and the adjacent comb mode was fed to an acousto-optical frequency shifter (AOFS) to compensate the frequency dithering of the CW laser. A digital feedback loop was achieved to expand the operation bandwidth limitation of the AOFS by over an order of magnitude. The signal-to-noise ratio of the interference signal was optimized using a grating-based spectral filtering detection unit. The complete system achieved an ultrastable offset-locking of the slave CW laser to the frequency comb with a relative stability of ±3.62 × 10−14. The Allan deviations of the beat frequency were 8.01 × 10−16 and 2.19 × 10−16 for a gate time of 10 s and 1000 s, respectively. The findings of this study may further improve laser interferometry by providing a simple and robust method for ultrastable frequency control.

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6

De Martin Júnior, J., S. K. N. Valappil, S. T. Müller, P. W. Courteille, V. S. Bagnato, and D. V. Magalhães. "Development of an ultrastable laser at 1550 nm." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 975 (March 2018): 012069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/975/1/012069.

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7

Zimmermann, Felix, Sören Richter, Sven Döring, Andreas Tünnermann, and Stefan Nolte. "Ultrastable bonding of glass with femtosecond laser bursts." Applied Optics 52, no. 6 (February 11, 2013): 1149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.52.001149.

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8

Huang, Yafeng, Di Hu, Meifeng Ye, Yating Wang, Yanli Li, Ming Li, Yinnan Chen, et al. "All-fiber-based ultrastable laser with long-term frequency stability of 1.1 × 10-14." Chinese Optics Letters 21, no. 3 (2023): 031404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202321.031404.

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9

Theophilopoulos, George. "50-GHz, ultrastable, polarization-maintaining semiconductor fiber ring laser." Optical Engineering 44, no. 6 (June 1, 2005): 064206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.1926867.

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10

Prasad, Brij Mohan Kumar, and Aparna Bawankan. "High-Resolution Spectroscopy through Tunable, Ultrastable Optical Radiation Diode Laser." MATEC Web of Conferences 43 (2016): 03001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20164303001.

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11

TAM, ANDREW, and SAZZADUR CHOWDHURY. "EXPLOITING SONOLUMINESCENCE TO REALIZE A MEMS ULTRASONIC SENSOR." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 17, no. 02 (April 2008): 309–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126608004290.

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The design of a MEMS ultrasonic sensor has been presented that exploits the Single Bubble Sonoluminescence (SBSL) phenomenon to realize an energy transduction mechanism from acoustical to electrical domain. In the developed scheme, highly stable laser like short duration light pulses are emitted when ultrasound waves strike a thermally generated microbubble stabilized in a confined volume of 1% xenon-enriched water. The emitted light pulses are detected by an integrated profiled silicon type photodetector to generate ultrastable 100 picoseconds duration current pulses per acoustical cycle. The sensor exhibits energy amplification during the transduction process itself that is not achievable by conventional types of MEMS or non-MEMS acoustical sensors. The cylindrical sensor geometry is 650 μm in diameter and 300 μm in height and is designed to have a sensitivity of 5.56 mA/atm/cycle. The sensor can be used in applications where detection of high pressure ultrasound waves is necessary or as an ultrastable very short duration current pulse generator for use in tissue and nerve repair or microsurgery.

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12

Zhang, Shuang, Hao Qiao, Di Ai, Min Zhou, and Xinye Xu. "Frequency stabilization of multiple wavelength lasers based on a broadband spectrum." Laser Physics Letters 19, no. 9 (July 27, 2022): 095701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/ac8283.

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Abstract We report on frequency stabilization of multiple wavelength lasers operating at 1389 and 1695 nm simultaneously on a broadband spectrum. These lasers are implemented in ytterbium optical lattice clock experiments, which need to have a narrow enough linewidth and maintain high long-term frequency stability. A 1560 nm femtosecond mode-locked laser with a narrow mode spacing of 250 MHz is used as a master laser, which is referenced to a local ultrastable optical cavity with the instability better than 1 × 10−15 at 1 s averaging time. Through the combination of erbium-doped fiber amplifier and high nonlinear fiber, the spectral width of the maser laser is broadened from 10 nm to more than 300 nm. The range of the broadened spectrum can cover 1389 and 1695 nm. Meanwhile, the spectral intensity at the corresponding wavelength can ensure that the signal-to-noise ratio of the beat signals between the two lasers and the broadened spectrum is about 30 dB at a resolution bandwidth (RBW) of 100 kHz. After phase locking the 1389 and 1695 nm lasers on the broadband spectrum, the residual linewidths are obtained to be about 0.8 Hz at 1 Hz RBW, and the stabilities are 3.5 × 10−16 and 4.7 × 10−16 at 1 s averaging time respectively, improving about six orders of magnitude. Our result can be conducive to obtaining the stabilized laser sources for the atomic optical clock, and will be of great significance for simplifying and miniaturizing the optical clock system.

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13

Lawall, John, J. Marc Pedulla, and Yann Le Coq. "Ultrastable laser array at 633 nm for real-time dimensional metrology." Review of Scientific Instruments 72, no. 7 (July 2001): 2879–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1374600.

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14

Yang, Hongxing, Ruitao Yang, Pengcheng Hu, and Jiubin Tan. "Ultrastable offset-locked frequency-stabilized heterodyne laser source with water cooling." Applied Optics 56, no. 33 (November 13, 2017): 9179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.56.009179.

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15

Nakazawa, M., Y. Kimura, and E. Yoshida. "Ultrastable harmonically and regeneratively modelocked polarisation-maintaining erbium fibre ring laser." Electronics Letters 30, no. 19 (September 15, 1994): 1603–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19941072.

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16

Clark, T. R., T. F. Carruthers, P. J. Matthews, and I. N. Duling. "Phase noise measurements of ultrastable 10 GHz harmonically modelocked fibre laser." Electronics Letters 35, no. 9 (1999): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19990516.

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17

Pizzocaro, M., G. A. Costanzo, A. Godone, F. Levi, A. Mura, M. Zoppi, and D. Calonico. "Realization of an ultrastable 578-nm laser for an Yb lattice clock." IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control 59, no. 3 (March 2012): 426–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2012.2211.

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18

Bartels, A., S. A. Diddams, C. W. Oates, G. Wilpers, J. C. Bergquist, W. H. Oskay, and L. Hollberg. "Femtosecond-laser-based synthesis of ultrastable microwave signals from optical frequency references." Optics Letters 30, no. 6 (March 15, 2005): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.30.000667.

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19

Kim, D. Y., M. Pelusi, Z. Ahmed, D. Novak, H. F. Liu, and Y. Ogawa. "Ultrastable millimetre-wave signal generation using hybrid modelocking of a monolithic DBR laser." Electronics Letters 31, no. 9 (1995): 733. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/el:19950475.

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20

Shao, X. D., H. N. Han, Y. B. Su, H. B. Wang, Z. Y. Zhang, S. B. Fang, G. Q. Chang, and Z. Y. Wei. "Precision locking CW laser to ultrastable optical frequency comb by feed-forward method." AIP Advances 9, no. 11 (November 1, 2019): 115003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5121860.

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21

Hagemann, Christian, Christian Grebing, Christian Lisdat, Stephan Falke, Thomas Legero, Uwe Sterr, Fritz Riehle, Michael J. Martin, and Jun Ye. "Ultrastable laser with average fractional frequency drift rate below 5 × 10^−19/s." Optics Letters 39, no. 17 (August 22, 2014): 5102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.39.005102.

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22

Yakabe, Masatsugu, Ko Nito, Masato Yoshida, Masataka Nakazawa, Yasuki Koga, Ken Hagimoto, and Takeshi Ikegami. "Ultrastable cesium atomic clock with a 91926-GHz regeneratively mode-locked fiber laser." Optics Letters 30, no. 12 (June 15, 2005): 1512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.30.001512.

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23

Dong, Li, Hongwei Chu, Xiao Wang, Ying Li, Shengzhi Zhao, and Dechun Li. "Enhanced broadband nonlinear optical response of TiO2/CuO nanosheets via oxygen vacancy engineering." Nanophotonics 10, no. 5 (February 10, 2021): 1541–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2020-0649.

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Abstract Cupric oxide (CuO), as a transition metal oxide (TMO) semiconductor, has attracted tremendous attention for various applications. In the present work, we synthesize the CuO nanosheets modified by TiO2 nanoparticles via a facile, non-toxic two-step method. Subsequently, the morphology and the structures of CuO and TiO2/CuO nanocomposites are investigated. By utilizing the common Z-scan technology, broadband nonlinear optical (NLO) properties of the as-prepared CuO nanosheets and TiO2/CuO nanocomposites are demonstrated, elucidating the enhancement on the NLO response via the TiO2 dopant, which is attributed to the more oxygen vacancies and the formed p-n junctions. Furthermore, CuO nanosheets and TiO2/CuO nanocomposites are implemented to the passively Q-switched bulk lasers operating in the near-infrared (NIR) region, generating broadband ultrastable pulses. Ultimately, TiO2/CuO nanocomposites were intergrated in a passive mode-locking bulk laser for the first time, achieving stable mode-locked pulses and verifying its ultrafast optical response potential. Our results illustrate the tremendous prospects of the CuO nanosheets modified by oxygen vacancy engineering as a broadband NLO material in ultrafast photonics field.

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24

Blumröder, Ulrike, Paul Köchert, Thomas Fröhlich, Thomas Kissinger, Ingo Ortlepp, Jens Flügge, Harald Bosse, and Eberhard Manske. "A GPS-Referenced Wavelength Standard for High-Precision Displacement Interferometry at λ = 633 nm." Sensors 23, no. 3 (February 3, 2023): 1734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23031734.

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Since the turn of the millennium, the development and commercial availability of optical frequency combs has led to a steadily increase of worldwide installed frequency combs and a growing interest in using them for industrial-related metrology applications. Especially, GPS-referenced frequency combs often serve as a “self-calibrating” length standard for laser wavelength calibration in many national metrology institutes with uncertainties better than u = 1 × 10−11. In this contribution, the application of a He-Ne laser source permanently disciplined to a GPS-referenced frequency comb for the interferometric measurements in a nanopositioning machine with a measuring volume of 200 mm × 200 mm × 25 mm (NPMM-200) is discussed. For this purpose, the frequency stability of the GPS-referenced comb is characterized by heterodyning with a diode laser referenced to an ultrastable cavity. Based on this comparison, an uncertainty of u = 9.2 × 10−12 (τ = 8 s, k = 2) for the GPS-referenced comb has been obtained. By stabilizing a tunable He-Ne source to a single comb line, the long-term frequency stability of the comb is transferred onto our gas lasers increasing their long-term stability by three orders of magnitude. Second, short-term fluctuations-related length measurement errors were reduced to a value that falls below the nominal resolving capabilities of our interferometers (ΔL/L = 2.9 × 10−11). Both measures make the influence of frequency distortions on the interferometric length measurement within the NPMM-200 negligible. Furthermore, this approach establishes a permanent link of interferometric length measurements to an atomic clock.

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25

Yao Bo, 姚波, 陈群峰 Chen Qunfeng, 陈雨君 Chen Yujun, 吴斌 Wu Bin, 张骥 Zhang Ji, 刘昊炜 Liu Haowei, 魏珊珊 Wei Shanshan, and 毛庆和 Mao Qinghe. "280 mHz Linewidth DBR Fiber Laser Based on PDH Frequency Stabilization with Ultrastable Cavity." Chinese Journal of Lasers 48, no. 5 (2021): 0501014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/cjl202148.0501014.

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26

Li, Ye, Yi-Ge Lin, Qiang Wang, Shao-Kai Wang, Yang Zhao, Fei Meng, Bai-Ke Lin, et al. "A Hertz-Linewidth Ultrastable Diode Laser System for Clock Transition Detection of Strontium Atoms." Chinese Physics Letters 31, no. 2 (February 2014): 024207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0256-307x/31/2/024207.

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27

Berdasov, O. I., A. Yu Gribov, G. S. Belotelov, V. G. Pal'chikov, S. A. Strelkin, K. Yu Khabarova, N. N. Kolachevsky, and S. N. Slyusarev. "Ultrastable laser system for spectroscopy of the 1S0 – 3P0 clock transition in Sr atoms." Quantum Electronics 47, no. 5 (May 30, 2017): 400–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel16346.

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28

Yamazawa, Chieko, Yoshinori Hirano, Hiroaki Imoto, Naoto Tsutsumi, and Kensuke Naka. "Superior light-resistant dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]arsole-based polymers exhibiting ultrastable amplified spontaneous emission." Chemical Communications 57, no. 13 (2021): 1595–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cc07521c.

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29

Choi, Moon-Youl, Dae-Suk Kim, Dae Seung Hong, Jung Ho Kim, and Yong-Tae Kim. "Ultrastable Aqueous Graphite Nanofluids Prepared by Single-step Liquid-phase Pulsed Laser Ablation (LP-PLA)." Chemistry Letters 40, no. 7 (July 5, 2011): 768–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.2011.768.

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30

Zalivako, I. V., I. A. Semerikov, A. S. Borisenko, M. D. Aksenov, P. A. Vishnyakov, P. L. Sidorov, N. V. Semenin, A. A. Golovizin, K. Yu Khabarova, and N. N. Kolachevsky. "Compact ultrastable laser system for spectroscopy of 2S1/2 → 2D3/2 quadrupole transition in 171Yb+ ion." Quantum Electronics 50, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): 850–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel17373.

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31

Mörz, Florian, Rostyslav Semenyshyn, Tobias Steinle, Frank Neubrech, Ute Zschieschang, Hagen Klauk, Andy Steinmann, and Harald Giessen. "Nearly diffraction limited FTIR mapping using an ultrastable broadband femtosecond laser tunable from 133 to 8 µm." Optics Express 25, no. 26 (December 12, 2017): 32355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oe.25.032355.

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32

HAYASAKI, Yoshio, and Quang Duc PHAM. "Optical Profi lometer Using Single Pixel Camera and Radio Frequency Comb Generated by Ultrastable Mode-locked Femtosecond Laser." Review of Laser Engineering 41, no. 12 (2013): 1017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2184/lsj.41.12_1017.

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33

Ye, Jun, John L. Hall, and Scott A. Diddams. "Precision phase control of an ultrawide-bandwidth femtosecond laser: a network of ultrastable frequency marks across the visible spectrum." Optics Letters 25, no. 22 (November 15, 2000): 1675. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.25.001675.

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34

Golovizin, A., V. Bushmakin, S. Fedorov, E. Fedorova, D. Tregubov, D. Sukachev, K. Khabarova, V. Sorokin, and N. Kolachevsky. "Ultrastable Laser System for Spectroscopy of the 1.14 μm Inner-Shell Clock Transition in Tm and Its Absolute Frequency Measurement." Journal of Russian Laser Research 40, no. 6 (November 2019): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10946-019-09835-y.

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35

Monami, Shifat J., Ashraf Uddin, and Willis E. Hames. "Multi-proxy provenance of the lower Pennsylvanian Pottsville sandstone of the northern Appalachian basin in Pennsylvania, U.S.A: Paleodrainage, sources, and detrital history." Journal of Sedimentary Research 92, no. 3 (March 31, 2022): 304–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2110/jsr.2020.189.

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ABSTRACT The lower Pennsylvanian Pottsville Formation, in the Appalachian foreland basin, constitutes a late Paleozoic clastic wedge formed close to the Appalachian orogenic belt. In this study, we analyzed Pottsville sandstone from the western bituminous and eastern anthracite fields in Pennsylvania to evaluate the detrital history of the sediments. Petrographic modal analyses show that sandstone in the western bituminous field ranges from quartzarenite to sublitharenite, with mean composition of Qt84F1L15; sampled sandstone from the eastern anthracite field is dominated by sublitharenite to litharenite with mean composition of Qt70F2L29. Heavy-mineral assemblages from both fields are dominated by ultrastable minerals (zircon, rutile, and tourmaline), apatite, sphene, spinel, siderite, and abundant opaques. Almost all the studied sandstone samples are garnet-depleted except one from the eastern anthracite field. The chemical composition of chromium- and zinc-rich spinel in samples from both fields might suggest exhumation of an arc terrane and ophiolitic belt with ultramafic igneous rocks. Particularly, the ternary plot of Fe3+–Cr3+–Al3+ end members for the chrome spinels possibly suggest a derivation from an alpine-type peridotite complex. Laser 40Ar/39Ar analyses of detrital muscovite from eastern anthracite fields and western bituminous fields record separate ages, with the former characterized by prominent Middle to Late Ordovician Taconic and Middle Devonian Acadian ages with two discrete modes at 463 and 369 Ma, and the latter dominated by Late Ordovician Taconic, Middle Devonian Acadian, and Late Devonian Neoacadian ages with discrete modes at 445, 397, 360, and 351 Ma. The new data suggest that early Pennsylvanian sedimentation in the Appalachian foreland basin was controlled by southward, southwestward, and westward drainage systems that originated in the Appalachian orogenic belt to the east and northeast.

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36

González Hernández, J. I., R. Rebolo, L. Pasquini, G. Lo Curto, P. Molaro, E. Caffau, H. G. Ludwig, et al. "The solar gravitational redshift from HARPS-LFC Moon spectra." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (November 2020): A146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038937.

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Context. The general theory of relativity predicts the redshift of spectral lines in the solar photosphere as a consequence of the gravitational potential of the Sun. This effect can be measured from a solar disk-integrated flux spectrum of the Sun’s reflected light on Solar System bodies. Aims. The laser frequency comb (LFC) calibration system attached to the HARPS spectrograph offers the possibility of performing an accurate measurement of the solar gravitational redshift (GRS) by observing the Moon or other Solar System bodies. Here, we analyse the line shift observed in Fe absorption lines from five high-quality HARPS-LFC spectra of the Moon. Methods. We selected an initial sample of 326 photospheric Fe lines in the spectral range between 476–585 nm and measured their line positions and equivalent widths (EWs). Accurate line shifts were derived from the wavelength position of the core of the lines compared with the laboratory wavelengths of Fe lines. We also used a CO5BOLD 3D hydrodynamical model atmosphere of the Sun to compute 3D synthetic line profiles of a subsample of about 200 spectral Fe lines centred at their laboratory wavelengths. We fit the observed relatively weak spectral Fe lines (with EW< 180 mÅ) with the 3D synthetic profiles. Results. Convective motions in the solar photosphere do not affect the line cores of Fe lines stronger than about ∼150 mÅ. In our sample, only 15 Fe I lines have EWs in the range 150< EW(mÅ) < 550, providing a measurement of the solar GRS at 639 ± 14 m s−1, which is consistent with the expected theoretical value on Earth of ∼633.1 m s−1. A final sample of about 97 weak Fe lines with EW < 180 mÅ allows us to derive a mean global line shift of 638 ± 6 m s−1, which is in agreement with the theoretical solar GRS. Conclusions. These are the most accurate measurements of the solar GRS obtained thus far. Ultrastable spectrographs calibrated with the LFC over a larger spectral range, such as HARPS or ESPRESSO, together with a further improvement on the laboratory wavelengths, could provide a more robust measurement of the solar GRS and further testing of 3D hydrodynamical models.

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37

Marmet, L., A. A. Madej, K. J. Siemsen, J. E. Bernard, and B. G. Whitford. "Precision frequency measurement of the /sup 2/S/sub 1/2/-/sup 2/D/sub 5/2/ transition of Sr/sup +/ with a 674-nm diode laser locked to an ultrastable cavity." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 46, no. 2 (April 1997): 169–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/19.571804.

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38

Chen, Long, Linbo Zhang, Chenhui Jiang, Guanjun Xu, Jun Liu, and Tao Liu. "Investigation on temperature-insensitive cavity systems for ultrastable lasers." Indian Journal of Physics 94, no. 3 (May 16, 2019): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12648-019-01483-x.

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39

Kudeyarov, K. S., A. A. Golovizin, A. S. Borisenko, N. O. Zhadnov, I. V. Zalivako, D. S. Kryuchkov, E. O. Chiglintsev, G. A. Vishnyakova, K. Yu Khabarova, and N. N. Kolachevsky. "Comparison of Three Ultrastable Lasers with a Femtosecond Frequency Comb." JETP Letters 114, no. 5 (September 2021): 243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0021364021170082.

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40

Zhadnov, N. O., A. V. Masalov, V. N. Sorokin, K. Yu Khabarova, and N. N. Kolachevsky. "A new generation of cryogenic high-Q Fabry–Perot resonators for ultrastable lasers." Quantum Electronics 47, no. 5 (May 30, 2017): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/qel16351.

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41

Jacob, John S., Pablo Barriga, David G. Blair, Aidan Brooks, Ron Burman, Raymond Burston, Lee Chan, et al. "Australia's Role in Gravitational Wave Detection." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 20, no. 3 (2003): 223–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/as03036.

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AbstractAn enormous effort is underway worldwide to attempt to detect gravitational waves. If successful, this will open a new frontier in astronomy. An essential portion of this effort is being carried out in Australia by the Australian Consortium for Interferometric Gravitational Astronomy (ACIGA), with research teams working at the Australia National University, University of Western Australia, and University of Adelaide involving scientists and students representing many more institutions and nations. ACIGA is developing ultrastable high-power continuous-wave lasers for the next generation interferometric gravity wave detectors; researching the problems associated with high optical power in resonant cavities; opening frontiers in advanced interferometry configurations, quantum optics, and signal extraction; and is the world's leader in high-performance vibration isolation and suspension design. ACIGA has also been active in theoretical research and modelling of potential astronomical gravitational wave sources, and in developing data analysis detection algorithms. ACIGA has opened a research facility north of Perth, Western Australia, which will be the culmination of these efforts. This paper briefly reviews ACIGA's research activities and the prospects for gravitational wave astronomy in the southern hemisphere.

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42

Hall, J. L., Jun Ye, S. A. Diddams, Long-Sheng Ma, S. T. Cundiff, and D. J. Jones. "Ultrasensitive spectroscopy, the ultrastable lasers, the ultrafast lasers, and the seriously nonlinear fiber: a new alliance for physics and metrology." IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 37, no. 12 (2001): 1482–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/3.970893.

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43

Schioppo, M., J. Kronjäger, A. Silva, R. Ilieva, J. W. Paterson, C. F. A. Baynham, W. Bowden, et al. "Comparing ultrastable lasers at 7 × 10−17 fractional frequency instability through a 2220 km optical fibre network." Nature Communications 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27884-3.

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AbstractUltrastable lasers are essential tools in optical frequency metrology enabling unprecedented measurement precision that impacts on fields such as atomic timekeeping, tests of fundamental physics, and geodesy. To characterise an ultrastable laser it needs to be compared with a laser of similar performance, but a suitable system may not be available locally. Here, we report a comparison of two geographically separated lasers, over the longest ever reported metrological optical fibre link network, measuring 2220 km in length, at a state-of-the-art fractional-frequency instability of 7 × 10−17 for averaging times between 30 s and 200 s. The measurements also allow the short-term instability of the complete optical fibre link network to be directly observed without using a loop-back fibre. Based on the characterisation of the noise in the lasers and optical fibre link network over different timescales, we investigate the potential for disseminating ultrastable light to improve the performance of remote optical clocks.

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Shang, Haosen, Duo Pan, Xiaogang Zhang, Xiaobo Xue, Tiantian Shi, and Jingbiao Chen. "Ultrastable laser referenced on velocity-grating atom interferometry." Physical Review A 105, no. 5 (May 23, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physreva.105.l051101.

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Marra, Giuseppe, Cecilia Clivati, Richard Luckett, Anna Tampellini, Jochen Kronjäger, Louise Wright, Alberto Mura, et al. "Ultrastable laser interferometry for earthquake detection with terrestrial and submarine cables." Science, June 14, 2018, eaat4458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat4458.

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46

Chang, Hao, Yichi Zhong, Hongxing Dong, Zhenyu Wang, Wei Xie, Anlian Pan, and Long Zhang. "Ultrastable low-cost colloidal quantum dot microlasers of operative temperature up to 450 K." Light: Science & Applications 10, no. 1 (March 18, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41377-021-00508-7.

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AbstractQuantum dot microlasers, as multifunctional optical source components, are of great importance for full-color high-pixel display, miniaturized coherent lighting, and on-chip integrated photonic and electronic circuits. Since the first synthesis of colloidal quantum dots (CQD) in the 1990s, motivation to realize high-performance low-cost CQD micro-/nanolasers has been a driving force for more than three decades. However, the low packing density, inefficient coupling of CQDs with optical cavities, and the poor thermal stability of miniaturized complex systems make it challenging to achieve practical CQD micro-/nanolasers, especially to combine the continuous working ability at high temperatures and the low-cost potential with mass-produced synthesis technologies. Herein, we developed close-packed CQD-assembled microspheres and embedded them in a silica matrix through the rapid self-aggregation and solidification of CdSe/ZnS CQD. This technology addresses the core issues of photoluminescence (PL) quenching effect and low optical gain in traditional CQD laser research. High-efficiency low-threshold CQD microlasers are demonstrated together with long-playing (40 min) working stability even at 450 K under pulsed laser excitation, which is the highest operational temperature for CQD lasers. Moreover, single-mode CQD microlasers are obtained with tunable wavelengths across the entire visible spectral range. The chemosynthesis process supports the mass-produced potential of high-density integrated CQD microlasers, promoting CQD-based low-cost high-temperature microdevices.

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Sato, Shuichi, Shinji Miyoki, Souichi Telada, Daisuke Tatsumi, Akito Araya, Masatake Ohashi, Yoji Totsuka, Mitsuhiro Fukushima, and Masa-Katsu Fujimoto. "Ultrastable performance of an underground-based laser interferometer observatory for gravitational waves." Physical Review D 69, no. 10 (May 28, 2004). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.69.102005.

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48

Dörscher, Sören, Ali Al-Masoudi, Marcin Bober, Roman Schwarz, Richard Hobson, Uwe Sterr, and Christian Lisdat. "Dynamical decoupling of laser phase noise in compound atomic clocks." Communications Physics 3, no. 1 (October 20, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42005-020-00452-9.

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Abstract The frequency stability of many optical atomic clocks is limited by the coherence of their local oscillator. Here, we present a measurement protocol that overcomes the laser coherence limit. It relies on engineered dynamical decoupling of laser phase noise and near-synchronous interrogation of two clocks. One clock coarsely tracks the laser phase using dynamical decoupling; the other refines this estimate using a high-resolution phase measurement. While the former needs to have a high signal-to-noise ratio, the latter clock may operate with any number of particles. The protocol effectively enables minute-long Ramsey interrogation for coherence times of few seconds as provided by the current best ultrastable laser systems. We demonstrate implementation of the protocol in a realistic proof-of-principle experiment, where we interrogate for 0.5 s at a laser coherence time of 77 ms. Here, a single lattice clock is used to emulate synchronous interrogation of two separate clocks in the presence of artificial laser frequency noise. We discuss the frequency instability of a single-ion clock that would result from using the protocol for stabilisation, under these conditions and for minute-long interrogation, and find expected instabilities of σy(τ) = 8 × 10−16(τ/s)−1/2 and σy(τ) = 5 × 10−17(τ/s)−1/2, respectively.

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Gozzard, D. R., L. A. Howard, B. P. Dix-Matthews, S. F. E. Karpathakis, C. T. Gravestock, and S. W. Schediwy. "Ultrastable Free-Space Laser Links for a Global Network of Optical Atomic Clocks." Physical Review Letters 128, no. 2 (January 14, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.128.020801.

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Qiao, Chang, C. Z. Tan, F. C. Hu, Luc Couturier, Ingo Nosske, Peng Chen, Y. H. Jiang, Bing Zhu, and Matthias Weidemüller. "An ultrastable laser system at 689 nm for cooling and trapping of strontium." Applied Physics B 125, no. 11 (October 26, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-019-7328-3.

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