Academic literature on the topic 'Ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus'

Ultrasonic longitudinal displacements, delivered to the distal tips of small diameter wire waveguides, are known to be capable of disrupting complicated atherosclerotic plaques during vascular interventions. These ultrasonic displacements can disrupt plaques not only by direct contact ablation but also by pressure waves, associated cavitation, and acoustic streaming developed in the surrounding blood and tissue cavities. The pressure waves developed within the arterial lumen appear to play a major role but are complex to predict as they are determined by the distal tip output of the wire waveguide (both displacement and frequency), the geometric features of the waveguide tip, and the effects of biological fluid interactions. This work describes a numerical linear acoustic fluid-structure model of an ultrasonic wire waveguide and the blood surrounding the distal tip. The model predicts a standing wave structure in the wire waveguide, including stresses and displacements, and requires the incorporation of a damping constant. The effects on waveguide response of including an enlarged ball tip at the distal end of the waveguide, designed to enhance cavitation and surface contact area, are investigated, in addition to the effects of the surrounding blood on the resonant response of the waveguide. The model also predicts the pressures developed in the acoustic fluid field surrounding the ultrasonic vibrating waveguide tip and can predict the combinations of displacements, frequencies, and waveguide geometries associated with cavitation, an important event in the disruption of plaque. The model has been validated against experimental displacement measurements with a purpose built 23.5 kHz nickel-titanium wire waveguide apparatus and against experimental pressure measurements from the literature.

The objective of this work was to develop a robotic device to perform biopsy and therapeutic interventions in the breast with real-time magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guidance. The device was designed to allow for (i) stabilization of the breast by compression, (ii) definition of the interventional probe trajectory by setting the height and pitch of a probe insertion apparatus, and (iii) positioning of an interventional probe by setting the depth of insertion. The apparatus is fitted with five computer-controlled degrees of freedom for delivering an interventional procedure. The entire device is constructed of MR compatible materials, i.e. nonmagnetic and non-conductive, to eliminate artifacts and distortion of the MR images. The apparatus is remotely controlled by means of ultrasonic motors and a graphical user interface, providing real-time MR-guided planning and monitoring of the operation. Joint motion measurements found probe placement in less than 50 s and sub-millimeter repeatability of the probe tip for same-direction point-to-point movements. However, backlash in the rotation joint may incur probe tip positional errors of up to 5 mm at a distance of 40 mm from the rotation axis, which may occur for women with large breasts. The imprecision caused by this backlash becomes negligible as the probe tip nears the rotation axis. Real-time MR-guidance will allow the physician to correct this error. Compatibility of the device within the MR environment was successfully tested on a 4 Tesla MR human scanner.

The positive effect of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on bone fracture healing has been proved. However, during the period of LIPUS therapy, it is undetermined whether LIPUS promotes the formation of heterotopic ossification (HO), which usually occurs in muscle tissues after trauma such as bone fracture and spinal cord injury. Here, we used 6-week LIPUS therapy in a 42-year-old Chinese male patient with a fracture nonunion in combination with ultrasonography for monitoring fracture healing and HO formation. After the LIPUS therapy, the mineralized bone formation in the area of defect of the distal tibia was presented in an ultrasound image, which was consistent with the outcome of plain radiography showing callus formation and the blurred fracture line in the area exposed to LIPUS. In addition, ultrasound images revealed no evidence of HO development within soft tissues during the period of LIPUS therapy. This study suggests that ultrasonography is a potential tool to guarantee the performance of LIPUS therapy with monitoring HO formation. Easy to use, the integration of the handheld ultrasound scanner and the ultrasonic therapeutic apparatus is entirely dedicated to help orthopedists make high-quality care and diagnosis.

Relevance: the presence of somatic disease is often the main and aggravating factor in development of chronic generalized periodontitis. Treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases begins with mechanical removal of dental calculus and biofilm on a surface of the teeth. For this purpose along with traditional manual tools are applied sonic ultrasonic, and vibrascalers. Atraumatic and high efficiency of professional oral hygiene complex are extremely important for the treatment of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes. Purpose – to study the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene with use of the Vector apparatus in patients with type 1 diabetes. Materials and methods: this article presents study results of the effectiveness of the Vector ultrasound device use as part of therapeutic and preventive measures complex among 3 patients in different ages with generalized periodontitis and type 1 diabetes mellitus. We conducted a dental and X-ray examination and microbiological analysis of periodontal space contents. All patients underwent professional oral hygiene and Vector-therapy. Results were evaluated after 1 month. Results: using the example of 3 clinical cases, the effectiveness of professional oral hygiene complex was presented. After 4 weeks there were observed the reduction of patients complaints for bleeding gums when brushing teeth, improving hygienic and periodontal indices, reducing the composition and number of periodontal pathogens. Conclusion: treatment of inflammatory periodontal diseases using the Vector system is recommended as an early prevention of the development of a more severe periodontitis, as well as the most benign and minimally invasive treatment for periodontal diseases due to its high effectiveness.

Background. Hypoglycemic therapy used at present in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) does not always lead to desired result and many patients live in a state of constant decompensation of metabolic processes, with the high levels of glycemia and glycosuria. That is why the search for the optimal treatment strategy that could increase the effectiveness of hypoglycemic therapy, and reduce the risk of complications is one of the most actual problems of modern diabetology.The purpose of this study was to determine the use of low-frequency ultrasound therapy on cutaneous projection of the liver in patients with type 2 DM.Materials and Methods. 30 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM and body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 kg/m2 were treated by the low-frequency ultrasound therapy. The ultrasonic effects were conducted in pulsed mode of 44 kHz and an amplitude of fluctuations — 2 microns using the apparatus MIT-11 as follows. Effects on the area of liver projection in patients was performed by the immovable technique (method), exposure to a session consisted of 8 minutes. The vaseline oil was used as a contact substance. Additionally influence on segmental area of Th7-Th12 by labile technique for 2 minutes on each plot was used to enhance the therapeutic effect. The patients were examined before and after treatment. The dynamics of clinical symptoms, glycemia and glycosuria, level of glycated hemoglobin was taken into account to assess the effectiveness of low-frequency ultrasound. To assess the degree of insulin resistance content of insulin, C-peptide and glucagon in blood plasma were determined by radioimmunoassay. Fasting insulin, C-peptide, glucagon in blood serum were tested in the morning. The statistical processing of tests’ results was performed using Student’s t test.Results. The beginning of therapeutic effect was observed after 2 procedures of the ultrasound exposure. The maximum effect is appeared after 8–10 treatment sessions. The positive dynamics of complex treatment is improving the general state of health, a disappearance of asthenization, and a decrease in the symptoms of cardiovascular disorders, achieving faster compensation of carbohydrate metabolism. The course of treatment contributed to the hyperglycemia reduction in patients with newly detected type 2 DM. After ultrasound treatment, the authors noted a positive dynamics of clinical symptoms: an improvement of the general health status, a decrease in fatigue, an improvement of psycho-emotional indices, disappearance of pain in the right upper quadrant, and a decrease in liver size in all the patients under study. Conclusions. The use of low-frequency ultrasound therapy on cutaneous projection of the liver in patients with type 2 DM promotes the normalization both fasting and postprandial glycemia. The effect of low-frequency ultrasound on cutaneous projection of the liver is significantly decreasing parameters that characterize the pancreatic insulin synthesizing function (immunoreactive insulin, C-peptide) in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM and a BMI > 25 kg/m2. Low-frequency ultrasound reduces the glucagon secretion and thereby positively affects the hepatic gluconeogenesis. Ultrasound therapy can be used in the complex treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 DM.

П’єзоелектричний перетворювач для ультразвукових терапевтичних апаратів // Дипломна робота на здобуття ступеня вищої освіти «бакалавр». Щербачук В. А. Національний технічний університет України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського», факультет електроніки, кафедра акустичних та мультимедійних електронних систем, група ДГ-62. – К.: КПІ ім. Ігоря Сікорського, 2020. с. – 55, рис. – 18, табл. – 3, дод. – 1. Метою роботи є розрахунок п’єзоелектричного перетворювача для ультразвукових терапевтичних апаратів. В даній бакалаврській роботі досліджено та проаналізовано ефективний лікувальний метод ультразвукової терапії, що в сьогоденні широко застосовується в сучасних медичних та терапевтичних закладах. Розглянуто класифікацію, принцип дії, структурну схему апаратів УЗТ. Також наведено конструкційні характеристики випромінювача та п’єзоелектричного перетворювача. Запропоновано та розраховано за допомогою програмного забезпечення пластинчатий п’єзоперетворювач, а саме: його еквіваленту електромеханічну схему в режимі випромінювання та вихідні параметри перетворювача. Отримані в ході роботи результати можуть мати застосування при розробці та виготовленні п’єзоелектричних перетворювачів для сучасниих ультразвукових терапевтичних приладів та пристроїв.
Piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic therapeutic devices // Graduate work for obtaining the degree of higher education "Bachelor". Shcherbachuk V. A. National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnical Institute", Faculty of Electronics, Department of Acoustic and Multimedia Electronic Systems, DG-62. - Kiev: “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnical Institute”, 2020. p. – 55, fig. – 18, tab. – 3, add. – 1. The purpose of the work is to calculate a piezoelectric transducer for ultrasonic therapeutic devices. This bachelor's thesis investigates and analyzes an effective treatment method of ultrasound therapy, which is now widely used in modern medical and therapeutic institutions. The classification, the principle of operation, the structural scheme of ultrasound devices are considered. The design characteristics of the oscillator and piezoelectric transducer are also given. A plate piezoelectric transducer has been proposed and calculated with the help of software, namely: its equivalent electromechanical circuit in radiation mode and initial parameters of the transducer. The results obtained in the course of work can be of leading application in the development and manufacture of piezoelectric transducers for modern ultrasonic therapeutic devices and devices.

Актуальність дослідження: Під час розробки ультразвукової терапевтичної апаратури, виникають дві основні проблеми: перевірка наявності контакту перетворювача з біологічним об'єктом, а також можливість виникнення стоячих хвиль. Використовуючи ефект широкополосностi можна уникнути цих проблем. Метою дисертації: є дослідження механізми дії ультразвуку на біолгочні тканини, розрахунок широкосмугових перетворювачів, розрахунок схеми високочастотного збудження елементів. Об’єктом дослідження: є ультразвукові п’єзоелектричні перетворювачі та їх сучасне використання у медицині. Предметом дослідження: широкосмугові п’єзоелектричні перетворювачі та їх характеристки роботи за різних умов. Методи дослідження: проведені в роботі теоретичні та практичні дослідження ґрунтуються на аналізі роботи перетворювачів при взаємодії з біологічними тканинами. Результатом дослідження: є можливість уникнення стоячих хвиль під час взаємодії з біологічними тканинами та розширення діапазону широкосмугових перетворювачів. Новизна отриманих результатів: обґрунтовано необхідність і доцільність застосування використання широкосмугових п'єзоелектричний випромінювачів для терапевтичного апарата. Практичне значення одержаних результатів: результати роботи можуть бути використані при проектуванні терапевтичних апаратів.
Relevance of the research: During the development of ultrasonic therapeutic equipment, there are two main problems: checking the presence of contact of the transducer with a biological object, as well as the possibility of standing waves. These problems can be avoided by using the broadband effect. The purpose of the dissertation: there is a study of the mechanisms of action of ultrasound on biological tissues, the calculation of broadband transducers, the calculation of the scheme of high-frequency excitation of elements. The object of research: are ultrasonic piezoelectric transducers and their modern use in medicine. Subject of research: broadband piezoelectric transducers and their characteristics of operation under different conditions. Research methods: theoretical and practical research is based on the analysis of work of converters at interaction with biological fabrics. The result of the study: it is possible to avoid standing waves when interacting with biological tissues and expand the range of broadband transducers. The novelty of the obtained results: the necessity and expediency of using broadband piezoelectric emitters for the therapeutic apparatus are substantiated. Practical significance of the obtained results: the results of the work can be used in the design of therapeutic devices. Testing the results of the thesis: The results of the master's dissertation were made at the scientific seminar of the department of acoustic and multimedia electronic systems.