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Journal articles on the topic 'Ultrasonic atomiser'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Chen, Yan, Chunyan Ma, Zaihe Shen, and Rui Chen. "Research on Vibration Characteristics of Piezoelectric Ceramic Atomizer Based on ANSYS." E3S Web of Conferences 118 (2019): 02043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911802043.

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In the design and application of ultrasonic atomizer, the resonant frequency and vibration mode of piezoelectric transducer have an effect on the working state and atomization effect of the atomizer. In order to deeply study the piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic atomizer Vibration characteristics, piezoelectric coupling simulation analysis was performed by ANSYS software, multi-order vibration mode of piezoelectric ceramic atomization sheet obtained by modal analysis method, combined with harmonic response analysis to obtain resonant frequency of piezoelectric ceramic ultrasonic atomization sheet, and analysis the influence of the main size of the atomized sheet on the vibration mode. According to theoretical analysis and experimental tests, the effectiveness of the finite element analysis can be verified, and then provide a theoretical basis for the study of ultrasonic atomizers.

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2

Thangavadivel, Kandasamy, Gary Owens, and Kenji Okitsu. "Removal of methyl orange from aqueous solution using a 1.6 MHz ultrasonic atomiser." RSC Advances 3, no. 45 (2013): 23370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ra44343d.

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3

Ogihara, Takashi, Toshihiro Ookura, Teruaki Yanagawa, Nobuo Ogata, and Kokichi Yoshida. "Preparation of submicrometre spherical oxide powders and fibres by thermal spray decomposition using an ultrasonic mist atomiser." Journal of Materials Chemistry 1, no. 5 (1991): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/jm9910100789.

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4

Arun, BS, and V. Mariappan. "Experimental study of an ultrasonic regenerative evaporative cooler for a desiccant cooling system." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 40, no. 2 (November 2, 2018): 151–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624418810934.

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This paper presents fabrication of an ultrasonic regenerative evaporative cooler, coupled with a desiccant dehumidifier. Ultrasonic regenerative evaporative cooler consists of several sets of a dry channel and a wet channel. A part of the air from the dry channel is redirected into the wet channel where it is cooled by evaporation of water mist from an ultrasonic atomiser. Air flowing through dry channels is pre-cooled by heat transfer between wet and dry channels, without changing its humidity. In this cooler, the conventional hygroscopic layer for wetting the plate surface is replaced with the water mist. It is observed that the performance of the cooling system significantly depends on the channel spacing, channel length, inlet airflow rate and extraction ratio, and marginally depends upon feed water temperature. The room cooling capacity is eminently responsive to both air mass flow rate and extraction ratio. The maximum available room cooling capacity of 339.8 W is obtained for the optimal values of 0.0488 kg/s mass flow rate of air and 0.37 extraction ratio. The prototype achieved wet-bulb effectiveness values as high as 1.15 and delivered more than 10℃ temperature drop. Practical application: An ultrasonic regenerative evaporative cooler can be coupled with a desiccant dehumidification unit for use in hot and humid climate to achieve comfort condition utilising less energy and feed water when compared to the vapour compression refrigeration system. From this prototype researchers and engineers can develop, by combining desiccant regenerators and evaporative coolers which use ultrasonic method for low-temperature dehydration of desiccant substance. Solar thermal energy can also be directly utilised for marginally heating the desiccant substance during the regeneration process. Overall, this system can contribute to the development of energy efficient buildings.

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5

Song, Yu-Lin, Chih-Hsiao Cheng, Manoj Kumar Reddy, and Md Saikhul Islam. "Simulation of Onset of the Capillary Surface Wave in the Ultrasonic Atomizer." Micromachines 12, no. 10 (September 23, 2021): 1146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12101146.

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The novel drug delivery system refers to the formulations and technologies for transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as it is needed to safely achieve its desired therapeutic effects. In this study, the onset vibrational amplitude of capillary surface waves for ultrasonic atomization spray is explained based on Faraday instability. Using ultrasonic frequency, the vibrational amplitude approached a critical point, and the liquid surface broke up into tiny drops. The micro-droplets were are steadily and continuously formed after the liquid feeding rate was optimized. The simulation study reported a minimum vibrational amplitude or onset value of 0.38 μm at 500 kHz frequency. The required minimum energy to atomize the drops was simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software. The simulation result agreed well with the numerical results of a subharmonic vibrational model that ocurred at 250 kHz frequency on the liquid surface. This newly designed single frequency ultrasonic atomizer showed its true physical characteristic of resonance on the fluid surface plane. Hence, this research will contribute to the future development of a single-frequency ultrasonic nebulizer and mechatronics for the generation of uniform atomized droplets.

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Song, Yu-Lin, Chih-Hsiao Cheng, and Manoj Kumar Reddy. "Numerical Analysis of Ultrasonic Nebulizer for Onset Amplitude of Vibration with Atomization Experimental Results." Water 13, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13141972.

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In this study, the onset amplitude of the initial capillary surface wave for ultrasonic atomization of fluids has been implemented. The design and characterization of 485 kHz microfabricated silicon-based ultrasonic nozzles are presented for the concept of economic energy development. Each nozzle is composed of a silicon resonator and a piezoelectric drive section consisting of three Fourier horns. The required minimum energy to atomize liquid droplets is verified by COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to clarify experimental data. The simulation study reports a minimum vibrational amplitude (onset) of 0.365 μm at the device bottom under the designated frequency of 485 kHz. The experimental study agrees well with the suggested frequency and the amplitude concerning the corresponding surface vibrational velocity in simulation. While operating, the deionized water was initially atomized into microdroplets at the given electrode voltage of 5.96 V. Microdroplets are steadily and continuously formed after the liquid feeding rate is optimized. This newly designed ultrasonic atomizer facilitates the development of capillary surface wave resonance at a designated frequency. A required vibrational amplitude and finite electric driving voltage promote not only the modern development in the green energy industry, but also the exploration of noninvasive, microencapsulated drug delivery and local spray needs.

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7

Panatarani, Camellia, Dunden Gilang Muharam, Bambang Mukti Wibawa, and I. Made Joni. "Blue Luminescent of ZnO:Zn Nanocrystal Prepared by One Step Spray Pyrolysis Method." Materials Science Forum 737 (January 2013): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.737.20.

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A blue luminescent of ZnO:Zn nanocrystal has been successfully prepared by one step spray pyrolysis method without reducing gas atmosphere. Zinc acetate dihydrate aqueous solutions (0.05 M) were atomized by ultrasonic atomizer. The atomizer used an air as carrier gas with 1, 3 and 5 L/min flowrate. The tubular reactor was set at 500, 600 and 700oC. As prepared samples were characterized by means of x-ray diffraction spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). The crystal size of as prepared particles calculated by Scherrer’s equation give 10-20 nm. The luminescent properties of as prepared particles were measured using spectrofluorophotometer. The highest photoluminescent intensity of particles irradiated with excited wavelength of 250 nm was obtained from samples prepared using 5 L/min carrier gas with temperature of tubular reactor 700oC. High intensity of blue luminescent was obtained due to oxygen vacancy in ZnO:Zn.

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8

E. Tourab, Ahmed, Ana María Blanco-Marigorta, Aly M. Elharidi, and María José Suárez-López. "A Novel Humidification Technique Used in Water Desalination Systems Based on the Humidification–Dehumidification Process: Experimentally and Theoretically." Water 12, no. 8 (August 12, 2020): 2264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12082264.

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In this paper, an experimental and theoretical investigation is performed on a novel water desalination system based on a humidification–dehumidification technique using a heat pump. An ultrasonic water atomizer is used in the humidification process in order to improve the humidification system. In addition to that, a new configuration is employed in the humidification process (hybrid atomization system), which combines the traditional spraying atomization system and the ultrasonic water atomizer. The new humidification system performance is investigated and compared with the spraying water atomizer system in terms of humidification effectiveness and freshwater productivity. The results show that the ultrasonic water atomizer has enhanced and improved humidification effectiveness, and consequently, the productivity of freshwater. The maximum humidification effectiveness and productivity achieved by the ultrasonic water atomizer are 94.9% and 4.9 kg/h, respectively, meaning an increase of 25.2% and 18.8%, compared to the traditional spraying atomization system. The hybrid system increases humidification effectiveness and productivity by 3.8% and 8.2%, respectively, in comparison with the stand-alone ultrasonic water atomizer. A cost analysis was also carried out in this paper in order to perform an economic comparison of different humidification processes (spraying, ultrasonic; and hybrid atomization systems). The minimum production cost of one liter of freshwater amounts to $0.0311 with the spraying system, $0.0251 with the ultrasonic system, and $0.0250 with the hybrid atomization system. These results reveal the profitability of the new configuration.

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9

Lakhiar, Imran Ali, Jianmin Gao, Xiuquan Xu, Tabinda Naz Syed, Farman Ali Chandio, Zhou Jing, and Noman Ali Buttar. "Effects of Various Aeroponic Atomizers (Droplet Sizes) on Growth, Polyphenol Content, and Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)." Transactions of the ASABE 62, no. 6 (2019): 1475–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/trans.13168.

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HighlightsThe atomizer droplet size should be considered an important factor when designing aeroponic systems.Airless atomizers had significant positive effects on plant growth, total polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity.Airless atomizers and a spraying interval of 20 min on and 3 h off was the best combination for lettuce plants.Abstract. Throughout our literature review, the effects of various aeroponic atomizers (droplet sizes) on specific leafy plant growth and quality were minimally reported. Lettuce ( L.) is one of the most popular leafy vegetables consumed around the world. The present study sought to determine the effects of various aeroponic atomizers (droplet sizes) on the growth, total polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity of lettuce plants. Aeroponic systems were designed and manufactured using three kinds of atomizers: air-based (A1), airless (A2), and ultrasonic fogger (A3). The South China Agricultural leafy vegetable B nutrient solution was selected as the cultivating solution. Additionally, the spraying time and spraying interval were set at 20 min on and 3 h off. The sizes of the droplets generated by these atomizers were measured using a laser particle size analyzer, and the measured average droplet sizes generated by the A1, A2, and A3 atomizers were 23.281, 46.386, and 3.451 µm, respectively. The results showed that the lettuce plants treated with the A2 atomizers exhibited more significant effects on the growth, total polyphenol content, and antioxidant activity of the lettuce compared to those treated with the A1 and A3 atomizers. The results indicated that nutrient solution droplet size should be considered an essential factor when designing an aeroponic system. Keywords: Aeroponic, Antioxidant activity, Soilless, Spraying time, Total polyphenol content.

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10

Son, Byeong Ho, Seung Bok Choi, Quoc Hung Nguyen, Seung Min Hong, Soo Jin Lee, Yong Hun Lee, and Min Kyu Choi. "Design of Ultrasonic Vibrator for Conformal Coating Spray in LED Packaging." Advanced Materials Research 79-82 (August 2009): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.79-82.715.

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This paper presents the design of ultrasonic vibrator utilizing a piezoelectric actuator. After describing a geometric configuration of the proposed atomizer, an analytical model of the ultrasonic atomizer is formulated by considering liquid film surface theory and wave theory. The dynamic analysis is then undertaken using a finite element analysis to determine principal longitudinal vibration modes. An optimization is performed by taking the amplitude of the tip displacement as an objective function. The fluid flow characteristics of the proposed atomizer is also analyzed under operating conditions through commercial software FLUENT.

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11

Jeong, Namjo, Cheol-yong Jang, Heeyeon Kim, Hakgeun Jeong, Jeong-gu Yeo, Yun Chang Park, and Kyo Sik Hwang. "Microscopic and Spectroscopic Analyses of Pt-Decorated Carbon Nanowires Formed on Carbon Fiber Paper." Microscopy and Microanalysis 19, S5 (August 2013): 198–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927613012658.

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AbstractWe report the synthesis of carbon nanowires (CNWs) via chemical vapor deposition using catalytic decomposition of ethanol on nanosized transition metals such as Co, Fe, and Ni. Dip-coating process was used for the formation of catalytic nanoparticles, inducing the growth of CNWs on the surface of the carbon fiber paper (CFP). The liquid ethanol used as carbon source was atomized by an ultrasonic atomizer and subsequently flowed into the reactor that was heated up to a synthesis temperature of 600–700°C. Microscopic images show that CNWs of <50 nm were densely synthesized on the surface of the CFP. Raman spectra reveal that a higher synthesis temperature leads to the growth of higher crystalline CNWs. In addition, we demonstrate the successful decoration of platinum nanoparticles on the surface of the prepared CNWs/CFP using the electrochemical deposition technique.

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12

Berger, Harvey L. "High volume ultrasonic liquid atomizer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 82, no. 4 (October 1987): 1471. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.395206.

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13

Huang, Y. L., and S. H. Chang. "Micro-Droplets Atomizer Using PZT Ring Actuator." Journal of Mechanics 26, no. 3 (September 2010): 423–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1727719100003981.

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AbstractThis paper presents the ultrasonic atomizer composed of the lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ring actuator and the Ni nozzle plate with numerous minute nozzles. The atomizer operates at its resonant frequency in out-of-plane vibration. De-ionized (DI) water is fed by the open trough to the porous sponge that is in contact with one face of the nozzle plate and it is ejected through nozzles. Micro-droplets are formed at the opposite face of the nozzle plate. The resonance frequencies of the PZT ring are investigated and compared in theoretical analysis, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element models (FEM) numerical simulation, and experimental measurement. The performance of the atomizer is examined. This ring shape design of ultrasonic atomizer demonstrates advantage of high atomization rate (64.3ml/min) and high atomization efficiency (l,007ml/h/W) at low power consumption (8.244W).

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14

Yin, Zhen, Hua Li, Zi Yang Cao, Jiang Jiang Zhao, and Yu Rong Chen. "Study on the Design of Ultrasonic Vibration Petrol Atomizer Vibrator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 189 (July 2012): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.189.326.

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Abstract. A design method of ultrasonic vibration petrol atomizer vibrator was proposed based on one-dimensional elastic vibration theory. The model and harmonic analyses of the vibrator were performed by using the FEA software ANSYS. Experimental Study of the petrol atomizer was carried out and the atomization performance of the prototype was verified.

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15

Liu, Jing, and Yun Wei Zhang. "An Automatic Aeroponics Growth System Based on Ultrasonic Atomization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 288 (February 2013): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.288.161.

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An automatic aeroponics growth system is developed in this paper on the base of ultrasonic atomization which has more advantages to product nutrient mist compared with other traditional atomizing type. The system is mainly consist of two parts including the aeroponics culture mechanism and automatic control device. The structure of the growth system and its working principle are introduced in detail, and its components, software and hardware designing are given in the paper. In order to improve atomization efficiency of nutrient solution for uniform nutriment absorption at the root system, the ultrasonic atomizer, which can atomize the nutrient solution to the ultrafine particles of 1-5 microns diameter, is employed as the key component of system. Considering the effects of temperature and humidity on plant root growth, a digital temperature-humidity sensor is used to detect the environmental signal of the plant root system . The temperature and humidity information can be transmitted to MCU which automatically controls the actuators to adjust the temperature and humidity of nutrient mist in a expected range. The system with features of simple structure and convenient control can supply a experimental platform which is not only comfortable for aeroponics culture, but also convenient for morphologic observation of plant roots.

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16

Meacham, J. M., M. J. Varady, D. Esposito, F. L. Degertekin, and Andrei G. Fedorov, Professor. "MICROMACHINED ULTRASONIC ATOMIZER FOR LIQUID FUELS." Atomization and Sprays 18, no. 2 (2008): 163–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/atomizspr.v18.i2.30.

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17

Liu, Jing, and Yun Wei Zhang. "An Automatic Aeroponics Growth System for Bamboo Seedling and Root Observation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 307 (February 2013): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.307.97.

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According to the biological characteristics of bamboo seedling, an automatic aeroponics growth system is developed for bamboo seedling and root observation, which can prepare good condition of water-fertilizer, air and warm during bamboo seedling. The ultrasonic atomizer is used to atomize the nutrient solution to the ultrafine particles of 1-5 microns diameter. Compared with traditional piezometrical atomization, this method can not only improve atomization efficiency of nutrient solution to promote uniform absorption at the roots, but also avoid the phenomenon of root-washing. In addition, considering the significant effect of temperature and humidity on bamboo root growth, a temperature-humidity control system is designed for automatic control of water-fertilizer and temperature in bamboo root growth environment. The system supplies an experimental platform with features of simple structure and convenient control. In the procedure of bamboo seedling, bamboo rhizome and shoot can grow fast because of enough moisture nutrition, good breathing, and low growth resistance. Furthermore, it is also convenient for morphologic observation of bamboo roots.

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18

Guerra-Bravo, Esteban, Han-Joo Lee, Arturo Baltazar, and Kenneth J. Loh. "Vibration Analysis of a Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Atomizer to Control Atomization Rate." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (September 9, 2021): 8350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188350.

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In this work, a mechanical vibrational analysis of an ultrasonic atomizer is carried out to control its atomization mass transfer rate. An ultrasonic atomizer is a device constructed with a piezoelectric ring coupled to a metallic circular thin plate with micro-apertures. The mechanism of mass transfer by atomization is a complex phenomenon to model because of the coupling effect between the fluid transfer and dynamic mechanics controlled by a piezoelectric vibrating ring element. Here, the effect of the micro-apertures shape of the meshed thin plate coupled to a piezoelectric ring during vibration, as well as the resonance frequency modes, are numerically studied using a finite element analysis and compared with theoretical and experimental results. Good correlations between the predicted and experimental results of the resonant frequencies and atomization rates were found.

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19

Qu, De Gang, Dong Xiang, Lei Ming He, Guang Hong Duan, and Peng Mou. "An Experimental Study of Atomization Characteristics of the Ultrasonic Spray Nozzle." Advanced Materials Research 230-232 (May 2011): 958–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.230-232.958.

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The recent development in advanced packaging and MEMS applications has created a need for high aspect ratio lithography processes, ultrasonic spray coating is a very appropriate method to meet this requirement, the parameters of atomization are greatly affected the spray quality. By using a laser-phase Doppler analyzer (PDA), an experimental study was conducted of the atomization characteristics of the ultrasonic spray nozzle, water was used as the liquid to be atomized instead of photoresist and air was used as the auxiliary gas instead of nitrogen, the parameters of atomization characteristics under different operating conditions were measured, such as mean diameter D10 and diameter distribution of atomized droplet particles etc. The experimental measurement results indicate that the flow rate of atomized liquid and auxiliary gas have a significant impact on the spray characteristics, the nozzle can achieve a comparatively good atomization state under the condition of a relatively small flow rate of atomized liquid or a relatively high flow rate of auxiliary gas, the mean diameter D10 of droplets can be 18.39μm. The research findings can provide an underlying basis for the application of the ultrasonic spray nozzle.

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20

Klaypradit, Wanwimol, and Yao-Wen Huang. "Fish oil encapsulation with chitosan using ultrasonic atomizer." LWT - Food Science and Technology 41, no. 6 (July 2008): 1133–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2007.06.014.

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21

Shinashi, Kiyoaki, Toshinori Houkin, and Hisashi Harada. "Sonochemical Effect Using Ultrasonic Atomizer at 2.4 MHz." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 51 (July 20, 2012): 07GD05. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.51.07gd05.

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Shinashi, Kiyoaki, Toshinori Houkin, and Hisashi Harada. "Sonochemical Effect Using Ultrasonic Atomizer at 2.4 MHz." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 51, no. 7S (July 1, 2012): 07GD05. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjap.51.07gd05.

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23

Al-Jumaily, Ahmed M., and Ata Meshkinzar. "On the Development of Focused Ultrasound Liquid Atomizers." Advances in Acoustics and Vibration 2017 (February 6, 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7861726.

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This paper reviews the evolution of focused ultrasonic transducers of various kinds for fluid atomization and vaporization. Ultrasonic transducers used for atomization purposes in biomedical, pharmaceutical, or industrial applications, such as surface acoustic wave (SAW) transducers, array of micromachined nozzles, and Fourier horn micromachined nozzles with or without a central channel, are all presented and compared. For simplicity of manufacturing and low cost, we focus on plates and curved and corrugated structures for biomedical humidification.

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24

Tada, Kazuya, and Mitsuyoshi Onoda. "Preparation of conjugated polymer suspensions by using ultrasonic atomizer." Thin Solid Films 519, no. 3 (November 2010): 1044–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2010.08.040.

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Maehara, Naoyoshi, Sadayuki Ueha, and Eiji Mori. "Optimum Design Procedure for Multi-Pinhole-Plate Ultrasonic Atomizer." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 26, S1 (January 1, 1987): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/jjaps.26s1.215.

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26

Lozano, Antonio, Juan Antonio Garcia, Javier Alconchel, Felix Barreras, Esteban Calvo, and José L. Santolaya. "ULTRASONIC ATOMIZATION OF ALKANES AND ALCOHOLS." Atomization and Sprays 27, no. 10 (2017): 875–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/atomizspr.2017019132.

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27

Sungkhaphaitoon, Phairote, Nattinee Sangsai, Sirikul Wisutmethangoon, and Thawatchai Plookphol. "Paraffin Wax Powder Production by Ultrasonic Atomization." Applied Mechanics and Materials 378 (August 2013): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.378.145.

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This work was aimed to study wax powder production from the paraffin melt by using ultrasonic atomization process. Effects of atomization operating parameters: melt temperature, melt flow rate and ultrasonic vibration amplitude on particle size distribution, median particle size, production yield and morphology of the atomized paraffin wax powder were investigated. It was evidenced from the experimental results that the particle size distribution of paraffin wax powder was narrowed and the median particle size was decreased with decreasing the melt flow rate, the vibration amplitude and increasing the melt temperature. The production yield of paraffin wax powder tended to increase with decreasing the melt flow rate, the vibration amplitude and increasing the melt temperature. The atomized paraffin wax powder was spherical shape with rough surface and some particles were formed as satellites.

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Pan, Cheng-Tang, Shao-Yu Wang, Chung-Kun Yen, Song-Wei Zeng, Ajay Kumur, Shih-Shin Liang, Zong-Hsin Liu, et al. "Fabrication of Biodegradable Poly(caprolactone) Spherical-Microcarriers for Arterial Embolization." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 8 (August 1, 2020): 5162–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.18533.

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This study aimed to develop emulsification assisted with ultrasonic atomization (EUA) to make embolic biodegradable poly(caprolactone) (PCL) spherical-microcarriers with uniform particle size for mass production which was used to cure hepatocellular carcinoma, because this kind of embolic drugs is expensive at the current market due to their complex manufacturing process. The embolic spherical-microcarriers with sustained-releasing therapeutic agents can shrink an unresectable tumor into a respectable size. Through high frequency vibrating surface on the ultrasonic atomizer nozzle, the thin liquid film for PCL oil-phase solution was broken into the uniform PCL microdroplets (particle sizes are from 20 to 55 μm) with less medicine loss. To determine the optimal parameters to make PCL microcarriers, the ultrasonic module parameters including the concentration of PCL solution, vibrating amplitude of atomizer, feeding rate of PCL oil-phase solution and collection distance on the particle size of microdroplets were analyzed. Besides, a vertical circulation flow field of aqueous-phase poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solution was created to enhance the separation of the microdroplets and increase the production of the PCL microcarriers, and about 8~11 wt% of PVA solution with high stable dispersion property was used to effectively improve the yield rate of PCL spherical-microcarriers (89.8~98.2 wt%). The final particle size of PCL microcarriers was ca. 5–18 μm, indicating an about 25–50% volume shrinkage from microdroplets to solid spherical-microcarriers.

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Sindayihebura, Daniel, Jean Cousin, and Christophe Dumouchel. "Experimental and Theoretical Study of Sprays Produced by Ultrasonic Atomisers." Particle & Particle Systems Characterization 14, no. 2 (April 1997): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ppsc.199700018.

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30

Żrodowski, Łukasz, Rafał Wróblewski, Tomasz Choma, Bartosz Morończyk, Mateusz Ostrysz, Marcin Leonowicz, Wojciech Łacisz, et al. "Novel Cold Crucible Ultrasonic Atomization Powder Production Method for 3D Printing." Materials 14, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 2541. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14102541.

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A new powder production method has been developed to speed up the search for novel alloys for additive manufacturing. The technique involves an ultrasonically agitated cold crucible installed at the top of a 20 kHz ultrasonic sonotrode. The material is melted with an electric arc and undergoes pulverization with standing wave vibrations. Several different alloys in various forms, including noble and metallic glass alloys, were chosen to test the process. The atomized particles showed exceptional sphericity, while powder output suitable for additive manufacturing reached up to 60%. The AMZ4 metallic glass powder remained amorphous below the 50 μm fraction, while tungsten addition led to crystallization in each fraction. Minor contamination and high Mn and Zn evaporation, especially in the finest particles, was observed in atomized powders. The innovative ultrasonic atomization method appears as a promising tool for material scientists to develop powders with tailored chemical composition, size and structure.

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Liu, Xiao Peng, Xiao Chun Chen, and Qing Zhong Li. "Principle and Experiment of Ultrasonic Subtle Atomization in CMP." Advanced Materials Research 279 (July 2011): 287–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.279.287.

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The method of chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) using slurry which was ultrasonic subtle atomized was researched, and the system of Ultrasonic Subtle Atomization—Chemical Mechanical Polishing was established. The effects of polish parameters on polishing were also investigated. The results show that the experimental system can fully realize the expected function of polishing, the use of slurry is about one-tenth of the amount of traditional CMP, material removal rate can reach 113.734nm/min and the surface roughness is similar to the surface roughness in the traditional way.

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Zhang, Ming Rong, Zhang Wei Fan, Yong Liu, Ming Hui Liang, and Xiao Wei Wen. "Design of the Motorcycle Engine Fuel Supplying System Based on the Ultrasonic Atomization." Advanced Materials Research 779-780 (September 2013): 1143–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.779-780.1143.

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A set of fuel supply system, in place of the carburetor, based on ultrasonic atomization is designed. The fuel for the new system which is atomized into micron grade fog grain with ultrasonic system, increases the fuel and air mixing contact area, make the fuel mix more uniform. The experimental results shows that the HC and CO conce-ntration in tail gas of new system has significantly lower,and CO2 is increased, which demonstrates the fuel burning more fully, achieve the effect of energy saving and emission reduction. The cost is quite to carburetor type.

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Tucic, Aleksandar, Goran Brankovic, Zorica Marinkovic, Lidija Mancic, and Olivera Milosevic. "Synthesis of thin films by the pyrosol process." Chemical Industry 56, no. 9 (2002): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0209375t.

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Among many aerosol routes, the Pyrosol process, due to its simplicity, low cost and quality of obtained films, represents a promising technique for the synthesis of thin films. The pyrosol process is based on the transport and pyrolysls of an aerosol of processor solution, generated in an ultrasonic atomizer, on a heated substrate. The theoretical principles of the pyrosol process are presented in this paper, as well as the influence of some synthesis parameters on the deposition of SnO2 thin films.

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Niam, A. G., and L. Sucahyo. "Ultrasonic atomizer application for Low Cost Aeroponic Chambers (LCAC): a review." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 542 (August 7, 2020): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/542/1/012034.

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35

Lee, Jun-Sik, Jun-Ki Kim, Mok-Soon Kim, and Jong-Hyun Lee. "Characterization for coating processes of imidazole powders using an ultrasonic atomizer." Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology 24, no. 1 (January 2010): 311–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12206-009-1145-2.

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Sindayihebura, Daniel, Christophe Dumouchel, and Jean Cousin. "Characterization of Sprays Produced by Low Frequency Ultrasonic Atomizers." International Journal of Fluid Mechanics Research 24, no. 4-6 (1997): 544–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/interjfluidmechres.v24.i4-6.110.

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Shu, Qing Qing, Jing Tao Shi, Jing Liu, and Zhong Shan Deng. "Ultrasonic Preparation of Submicron Low Melting Point Alloy Powder." Materials Science Forum 993 (May 2020): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.993.333.

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In order to study the preparation of low-melting alloy powder in phase change materials, three sets of control experiments were set up in this paper. To explore the effects of ultrasonic oscillation, ultrasonic atomization technology and rapid cooling had an effect on the particle size, surface morphology and powder shape of ultrasonic powder making. In the experiment, ultrasonic atomization, rapidly cooling ultrasonic atomization, and ultrasonic vibration generated powder were tested. The results showed that the surface of fog droplets generated by ultrasonic atomization was smooth, with distinct particles. The powder diameter was large, ranging from 20-60 μm. The surface of the powder obtained by ultrasonic shock existed an aggregation phenomenon. The powder diameter was small ranging from 5-10 μm. The ultrasonic atomized powder obtained by rapid cooling was mostly spherical with a smooth surface. After the screening, spherical powder with a diameter of 15-25 μm and the smooth surface could be obtained. The results showed that the particle diameter is small and uniform, while the uneven surface was difficult to eliminate. The experimental conditions of rapid cooling were favorable for the smoothness of the particle surface and the roundness of powder shape. Spherical powder with a diameter of 15-25 μm can be obtained by screening the rapidly cooled powder after ultrasonic atomization. Different experimental conditions and technological approach can produce high-performance low melting point alloy powder.

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Tani, Shinji. "Coating method and atomizer." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 126, no. 2 (2009): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3204323.

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Shkrabak, V. S., A. A. Popov, V. G. Enikeev, E. I. Gavrikova, and R. V. Shkrabak. "Indoor air decontamination system and reduction of microorganism emissions into the atmosphere." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700153.

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The paper considers the effect of sanitary and hygienic condition of occupational environment, namely the factor of increased microbial contamination, on temporary disability and reduction of labor efficiency. In this regard, it is necessary to improve the methodology and technical support of disinfection methods in order to reduce labor intensity and increase the efficiency of equipment and disinfectants. The developed deflector model serves to reduce the emissions of microorganisms into the atmosphere and improves the environmental situation. The proposed design of the ultrasonic system makes it possible to improve user experience due to the possibility to control the flow rate of the working fluid and preparations. According to the results of the experiment, the disinfection agent based on hydrogen peroxide, silver salt and a furocoumarin solution in ethyl alcohol with the use of the developed ultrasonic atomizer reduced the total microbial contamination by 8 times on average.

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Dobre, M., and L. Bolle. "Practical design of ultrasonic spray devices: experimental testing of several atomizer geometries." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 26, no. 2-4 (June 2002): 205–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0894-1777(02)00128-0.

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Tembely, Moussa, Christian Lecot, and Arthur Soucemarianadin. "Prediction and evolution of drop-size distribution for a new ultrasonic atomizer." Applied Thermal Engineering 31, no. 5 (April 2011): 656–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2010.09.027.

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Sugondo, Amelia, Sutrisno, Willyanto Anggono, and Olga Anne. "Effect of Frequency on Droplet Characteristics in Ultrasonic Atomization Process." E3S Web of Conferences 130 (2019): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913001002.

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The study of ultrasonic atomization is one of the important factors for fuel spray process in the diesel engine combustion chamber. The droplet characteristics are influenced by liquid properties and vibration frequency. In this study, the phenomenon of droplet formation and droplet size were studied at different frequencies of the ultrasonic atomization processes for water liquid. The ultrasonic atomizer was used for the atomization process to generate droplets. CFD- 2D with the Volume of Fluid (VOF) model was used to study the process of droplet size and droplet formation at different frequencies. Water with constant film thickness and bending vibration at constant vibration amplitude were used in this model. The variation of vibration frequencies is applied from 50 kHz to 200 kHz with 50 kHz increment. The results showed that the number of droplets and the area of droplet formation increases with the increases in the vibration frequency. Effect of vibration frequency to the size of the droplet, time for droplet formation, velocity, and several droplets is more significant at vibration frequency 50 kHz to 100 kHz than vibration frequency from 100 kHz to 200 kHz.

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Zhang, Tian, Deji Jing, Shaocheng Ge, Jiren Wang, Xi Chen, and ShuaiShuai Ren. "Dust removal characteristics of a supersonic antigravity siphon atomization nozzle." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 12 (December 2020): 168781402097768. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020977689.

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To improve the trapping efficiency of respiratory dust by aerodynamic atomization, reduce the energy consumption and the requirements for the working conditions of nozzles and maintain the health and safety of workers, a comparative experiment evaluating aerodynamic atomization dust removal characteristics was conducted with a self-developed supersonic siphon atomization nozzle, which utilizes a Laval nozzle as the core, and an existing ultrasonic atomization nozzle. The experimental results showed that the new type of nozzle, from the perspectives of droplet speed, conservation of water and pressure, range, and attenuation view, completely surpasses the traditional pneumatic atomization nozzle. A supersonic antigravity siphon atomizer produces a cloud fog curtain composed of high-speed droplets and high-speed air. The particle size of the droplets is less than 10 µ. At the same flow rate of water, its dust removal rate is twice as high as that of ultrasonic nozzles. When the dust removal efficiency is the same, the water consumption of the supersonic siphon atomizer nozzle is 1/2, the air flow rate is 1/3, and the power consumption is 1/2 that of the ultrasonic atomizing nozzles. Siphon atomization can siphon at a total air pressure of 0.2 MPa, and the siphon pressure can reach 0.03 MPa at a total air pressure of 0.4 MPa, which increases with the increase in total inlet air pressure. For the first time, the process of siphoning and nozzle internal atomizing in the field of supersonic atomization dust removal is truly realized. The ultrafine sized droplets with high speeds produced by the new nozzle allow them to cover the limited working space in a shorter time, have a more effective trapping effect for a large number of fine dust particles, and quickly suppress the dust with greater kinetic energy. Therefore, the requirements for the working conditions are reduced, which will save more energy compared to the currently used nozzles available on the market.

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Balakrishnan, Anandh, and Mrinal C. Saha. "INFLUENCE OF AIR-DRAFT ON FABRICATION OF POLYURETHANE THIN FILMS VIA ULTRASONIC ATOMIZATION." Atomization and Sprays 22, no. 1 (2012): 23–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/atomizspr.2012004070.

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OGIHARA, Takashi, Nobuo OGATA, Koukichi YOSHIDA, Masayuki TAKASHIMA, and Kenji OGAWA. "Characterization of Superconductive Oxide Fine Powders Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis Using Ultrasonic Atomizer." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 42, no. 482 (1993): 1258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.42.1258.

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46

Rodriguez, L. "Description and preliminary evaluation of a new ultrasonic atomizer for spray-congealing processes." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 183, no. 2 (June 25, 1999): 133–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-5173(99)00076-9.

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WYSZYNSKI, B., A. GALVEZ, and T. NAKAMOTO. "Improvement of ultrasonic atomizer method for deposition of gas-sensing film on QCM." Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 127, no. 1 (October 20, 2007): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.snb.2007.07.052.

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Nguyen, Manh Toan, Tsing Tshih Tsung, and Ho Chang. "New approach of dispersing silver nanopowder in water using ultrasonic atomizer 1.63 MHz." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 27, no. 3 (2009): 1586. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.3098500.

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Yeo, Yoon, and Kinam Park. "A new microencapsulation method using an ultrasonic atomizer based on interfacial solvent exchange." Journal of Controlled Release 100, no. 3 (December 2004): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2004.09.012.

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Kim, Kyu-Eon, Jae-Hoo Lee, Jae-Keon Jeon, Sung-Hwan Park, and Chibum Lee. "Improvement of Deposition Performance of Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Deposition System through Atomizer Shape Modification." Journal of The Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers 24, no. 4 (August 15, 2015): 469–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.7735/ksmte.2015.24.4.469.

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