Academic literature on the topic 'ULTRASONIC ASSISTED CMT'
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Journal articles on the topic "ULTRASONIC ASSISTED CMT"
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NOMURA, Mitsuyoshi, Yutaka MATSUSHIMA, Yongbo WU, Masakazu FUJIMOTO, and Zhou LIBO. "2207 Effects of Ultrasonic Vibration on Abrasive Pellet Working Life for Si Wafer using Ultrasonic Assisted Fixed Abrasive Chemical Mechanical Polishing(UF-CMP)." Proceedings of International Conference on Leading Edge Manufacturing in 21st century : LEM21 2015.8 (2015): _2207–1_—_2207–4_. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmelem.2015.8._2207-1_.
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Teyeb, Ahmed, João Silva, Jamil Kanfoud, Phil Carr, Tat-Hean Gan, and Wamadeva Balachandran. "Improvements in the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium Alloys Using Ultrasonic-Assisted Laser Welding." Metals 12, no. 6 (June 17, 2022): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12061041.
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Welding high-strength aluminium alloys is generally a delicate operation due to the degradation of mechanical properties in the thermally affected zone (TAZ) and the presence of porosities in the molten metal. Furthermore, aluminium alloys contain compounds that solidify before the rest of the base alloy, therefore acting as stress concentration points that lead to the phenomenon of hot cracking. This paper investigates the process of applying ultrasonic vibrations to the molten pool aluminium alloy AA6082 to improve both its microstructure and mechanical properties. We analysed conventional and ultrasonic-assisted laser welding processes to assess the sonication effect in the ultrasonic band 20–40 kHz. Destructive and nondestructive tests were used to compare ultrasonically processed samples to baseline samples. We achieved a 26% increase in the tensile and weld yield strengths of laser welds in the aluminium plates via the power ultrasonic irradiation of the welds under optimum ultrasonic variable values during welding. It is estimated that the ultrasound intensity in the weld melt, using a maximum power of 160 W from a pair of 28 kHz transducers, was 35.5 W/cm2 as a spatial average and 142 W/cm2 at the antinodes. Cavitation activity was significant and sometimes a main contributor to the achieved improvements in weld quality.
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Ming, Ping Mei, Di Zhu, Yang Yang Hu, and Yong Bin Zeng. "Experimental Research on Microelectroforming with Ultrasonic Agitation." Key Engineering Materials 375-376 (March 2008): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.375-376.253.
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High frequency acoustic agitation is known to improve mass transport in conventional electroplating and electroforming. To better understand the effect of ultrasonic agitation on microelectroforms with high height-to-width aspect recessed microstructure features, electroforming of Ni from a nickel sulfamate type electrolyte under the influence of high frequency ultrasound (33KHz) at different level of power intensity from 2W/cm2 to 16W/cm2 was investigated experimentally in this paper, and then optimum operating parameters were determined basing on surface topography. A number of microelectroforming experiments assisted with acoustic agitation were further carried out to demonstrate and revise the optimum process parameters and further some metal microdevices were produced. Experimental results showed that fewer drawbacks in the microelectroforms, such as nubbles, pits, blunt-edges, and collapses were observed in the microcomponents when sonication power 12W/cm2~14W/cm2 was drawn on. Microelectroforming with ultrasonic irradiation at appropriate power intensity was characterized by better surface morphology and better uniform filling behavior.
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Li, Zhe, Daoguo Yang, Weidong Hao, Song Wu, Yan Ye, Zhidan Chen, and Xiaoping Li. "Ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-hole forming on skull." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 231, no. 14 (October 24, 2015): 2447–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405415611363.
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In minimally invasive neurosurgery, there is a gap between the need for a micro-burr hole to be opened on the skull to expose the enclosed brain for further operation and the proper technology available. Conventionally, a burr hole is generated by a drilling perforator, which usually causes damage to the vital soft tissue beneath skull. Besides, because of the extremely low mechanical strength of a micro-drilling bit, a micro-hole cannot be generated on the hard skull by the conventional drilling method. To bridge this gap, an ultrasonic vibration-assisted micro-burr hole forming technique has been developed in this study and its effectiveness has been proved through in vitro experiment on cat skull. With the assistance of ultrasonic vibration (29.7 kHz), a micro-hole has been successfully formed on skull with a 300 µm diameter conically tipped tool. Ultrasonic vibration of a large amplitude is found beneficial because the thrust force can be greatly reduced by increasing the vibration amplitude. Moreover, the micro-hole forming is free of cutting and chips. The ultrasonic vibration is found to have a hammering effect similar to shot peening, and a layer of dense tissue is formed around the hole and no chip is generated in the hole forming process. Besides, since the ultrasonic vibration tool can only fragment hard bone tissue without causing damage to the soft tissue beneath skull, a safe micro-hole forming technique can be enjoyed. Based on the findings from this study, a micro-burr hole perforator can be developed for the next-generation minimally invasive neurosurgery.
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Cruz-Garibaldi, Bianka Y., Alma D. Alarcon-Rojo, Mariana Huerta-Jimenez, Ivan A. Garcia-Galicia, and Luis M. Carrillo-Lopez. "Efficacy of Ultrasonic-Assisted Curing Is Dependent on Muscle Size and Ultrasonication System." Processes 8, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 1015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091015.
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Ultrasound-assisted marinade is a promising technology for reducing the time of traditional immersion marination. This study evaluated the effect of the ultrasonic system (bath or probe, amplitude 50 or 100%) and muscle sample size (3 or 5 cm3) on physicochemical quality, yield (salt content, fresh weight, and relative fresh weight), and bacteria counts associated with pork. The results showed a significantly high salt (p < 0.0001) content in 3 cm3 (11.54%) and 5 cm3 (8.88%) samples after 24 h marination by immersion. The 3 cm3 cubes marinated in a 100% probe system for 20 min presented an amount of salt (9.55%) that was quite close to the controls. The 3 cm3 samples treated by immersion and in a 50% probe system gained more relative weight (in relation to the initial weight, 7.45 and 6.64%, respectively) after 7 d at 4 °C. Meanwhile the 5 cm3 cubes marinated by immersion gained 8.1%. The other treatments showed a weight loss after treatment. Although significant differences were found in the fresh weight and in water holding capacity (WHC) in the 3 and 5 cm3 meat samples, the relative fresh weight is a real measure of weight gain, more relevant for the industry. Thus, the samples with the highest salt transfer experienced a phenomenon of “dehydration”, retaining less water. The 3 and 5 cm3 cubes marinated by immersion presented orange color tones due to the long processing time, while the probe system produced redder and brighter tones. Ultrasound as a technology to assist in marinades is not efficient for bacteria control of mesophilic, psychrophilic, or coliform. However, a significant increase in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts may bring benefits for meat preservation during refrigerated storage.
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Hao, Changchun, Hongjin Qu, Shi Chen, Wenjing Han, and Runguang Sun. "Ultrasound-assisted Extraction of Polysaccharide from Radix Bupleuri using Response Surface Methodology and Antioxidant Research of the Polysaccharide." Natural Product Communications 13, no. 4 (April 2018): 1934578X1801300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1801300420.
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This report used Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to analyze the conditions that extracting polysaccharide compound from Radix Bupleuri using ultrasonic wave. For determining the optimal extraction conditions, four independent variables, temperature (°C), ultrasonic intensity (UI, W/cm2), dilution rate (water-material ratio, mL/g) and time (min), were investigated using Box-Behnken design. In the results, the best condition after optimization was dilution rate of 35.0:1, UI of 24.5 W/cm2, temperature of 69.5°C and time of 14.6 min. Extraction efficiency was 7.67% and the purity reached 44.14%. It illustrates that the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was efficient and suitable for extracting polysaccharide from Radix Bupleuri. This paper also investigated the antioxidant activity of Radix Bupleuri polysaccharide (RBP) on superoxide anion radical, hydroxyl radical, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picry-hydrazyl (DPPH), in vitro experiment. The result indicated that RBP could remarkably sweep away the hydroxyl radical, and had the capacity for clearing away superoxide radical and DPPH.
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Chen, Xiwen, Xiaoqian Li, Weihua Gui, and Luca Landi. "Simulation and Experiment of New Ultrasonic Vibration Network." Shock and Vibration 2020 (September 27, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4913286.
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A reasonable ultrasonic vibration network can improve the casting quality of aluminum alloy. Ultrasonic vibration network based on a honeycomb structure has been designed, referred to as a new vibration network. The new vibration network can solve the problems of nonuniform distribution of power ultrasonic wave, small working area and low volume of ultrasonic vibration network, low efficiency of the frequency spectrum and power spectrum, and poor quality of aluminum alloy casting. The number of vibration nodes can be determined based on the number of layers of the vibration source nodes. The edge length of regular hexagonal honeycomb cells can be determined based on the size of the casting ingot. The output power and resonant frequency of the ultrasonic vibration network can be adjusted in real time according to the status of aluminum alloy melt. A seven-node new ultrasonic network and a four-node ultrasonic network with a traditional structure were selected and used in the experiment and simulation of a 500 mm diameter 2219 aluminum alloy ingot. In comparison with the traditional four-node ultrasonic network, the effective volume and area, frequency spectrum efficiency, and comprehensive coverage probability of the seven-node new ultrasonic vibration network increased by 34.06%, 23.12%, 17.25%, and 0.308, respectively. The difference between the desired value and average efficiency of the power spectrum was 0.292 W/cm2, and the average grain size of aluminum alloy decreased by 34.98 microns. These results indicate that the efficiency of ultrasonic-vibration-assisted casting system and the quality of aluminum alloy casting can be improved using the new ultrasonic vibration network.
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Kida, Małgorzata, Sabina Ziembowicz, and Piotr Koszelnik. "The Use of an Ultrasonic Field in Support of Classical Methods of Oxidising Component Leached from Microplastics in Bottom Sediments." Materials 14, no. 11 (June 2, 2021): 3029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14113029.
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The work detailed here examined the impact of selected unit methods and ultrasonic removal of the widespread plastic additive di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from the bottom sediments of a body of water. To this end, hydrogen peroxide and a classic or modified Fenton process were used, supplemented by an ultrasonic field. The latter had a vibration frequency of 20 kHz and an acoustic wave intensity of 3.97 W/cm2. The impact of process parameters such as reaction environment, reaction time, initial impurity content, aging of the impurity, influence of processes on the content of organic matter and dissolved organic carbon, and elution of selected components from the matrix were all analysed. It emerged that the most effective process by which to remove DEHP from a solid matrix involved a modified Fenton process assisted by an ultrasonic field. The highest average degradation efficiency achieved in this way was 70.74%, for C0 = 10 mg/kg d.w. and t = 60 min.
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Abedini, Reza, and Mahmoud Mousavi. "Effect of different parameters on sonochemical synthesized nanocrystalline TiO2 particles." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 18, no. 2 (2012): 171–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq110826059a.
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An ultrasonic-assisted method to directly prepare nanocrystalline TiO2 has been used. TiO2 was synthesized by the hydrolysis of Tetraisopropyl titanate (TIPT) in the presence of de-ionized water and ethanol under high-intensity ultrasonic irradiation (24 KHz, 300 W/cm2) at different conditions. The effect of water content, water-to-TIPT ratio, water-to-ethanol ratio and sonication time on the particle size of TiO2 has been investigated by using design of experiment (DOE). The water content, water-to-TIPT ratio, water-to-ethanol ratio and sonication time were varied in the range 100-150 ml, 50-75 v/v, 20-30 v/v and 3-4 hr, respectively. Particle size of TiO2 was characterized using particle size analyzer. The results of DOE show that water content has the greatest effect on the particle size of TiO2.
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Silva, Liliana J. G., André M. P. T. Pereira, Angelina Pena, and Celeste M. Lino. "Citrinin in Foods and Supplements: A Review of Occurrence and Analytical Methodologies." Foods 10, no. 1 (December 23, 2020): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10010014.
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Citrinin (CIT) deserves attention due to its known toxic effects in mammalian species and its widespread occurrence in food commodities, often along with ochratoxin A, another nephrotoxic mycotoxin. Human exposure, a key element in assessing risk related to food contaminants, depends upon mycotoxin contamination levels in food and on food consumption. Commercial supplements, commonly designated as red rice, usually used in daily diets in Asiatic countries due to their medicinal properties, may pose a health problem as a result of high CIT levels. In addition to the worldwide occurrence of CIT in foods and supplements, a wide range of several analytical and detection techniques with high sensitivity, used for evaluation of CIT, are reviewed and discussed in this manuscript. This review addresses the scientific literature regarding the presence of CIT in foods of either vegetable or animal origin, as well as in supplements. On what concerns analytical methodologies, sample extraction methods, such as shaking extraction and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE), clean-up methods, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), solid phase extraction (SPE) and Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuECHERS), and detection and quantification methods, such as thin layer chromatography (TLC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis (CE), biosensors, and ELISA, are also reviewed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "ULTRASONIC ASSISTED CMT"
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Yang, Wei-Zheng, and 楊緯政. "Ultrasonic Vibration and Water-Jet Assisted Diamond Disk Dressing Characteristic of CMP Polishing Pad." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/66594057681439110536.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
機械工程系
99
This study introduces an ultrasonic, vibration-assisted, chemical mechanical polishing (UV-CMP) method to improve the fabrication process and machining efficiency and an ultrasonic, vibration-assisted, diamond disk (UV-DD) method to enhance the diamond work number, then extension diamond disk life. The removal rate of the copper substrate in CMP and UV-CMP are compared. The pad cut rate, friction force, and pad surface profiles of TDD and UV-DD are also investigated in experiments. In addition an experimental investigation of the dressing characteristics of a porous polishing pad using a combination process of high-pressure water jet conditioning (HPWJC) and diamond disk conditioning (DDC) is also investigated. The HPWJC and DDC dressing mechanisms were integrated to improve the dressing efficiency. Experimental results reveal that UV-DD can produce twice the pad cut rate and reduce torque force compared to TDD. Consequently, a dressing time reduction by half is expected, and hence, the diamond life is extended. The removal rate of the copper substrate polished by UV-CMP is higher than that of traditional CMP because in UV-CMP, a passive layer on the copper surface, formed by the chemical action of the slurry, will be removed not only by the mechanical action of CMP but also by ultrasonic action. In addition, the surface roughness improves and the torque force reduces dramatically. It is found that although the HPWJC can clean the slurry residue from the pad surface and consumes less pad material, it cannot remove the glazed area layer formed as a result of plastic deformation. DDC can eliminate the pads glaze layer and restore the pad asperities, but some residual chips still remain the sides of the pores or inside the pores. HPWJC + DDC can not only remove the embedded slurry particulates and glazed layer, but also clean the slurry residue accumulated on the pad surface, and regenerate the pad asperities. In addition, the chip roughness in the pores, created by the diamond grit, are completely removed by the HPWJC + DDC conditioning process, which helps achieve the highest material removal rate. In summary, UV-CMP, HPWJC and UV-DD technology has the potential to be effectively used as a wafer polishing and pad conditioning method.
Conference papers on the topic "ULTRASONIC ASSISTED CMT"
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Hwangbo, C. K., M. R. Jacobson, and H. A. Macleod. "Ultrasound-assisted evaporation of optical thin films." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.mq3.
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The effects of ultrasound-assisted deposition (UAD) of ZrO2, Ta2O5, and MgF2 films on their optical and structural properties have been investigated. The glass or fused silica substrates (with areas ~25 cm2) are attached with Torr-Seal to tubular piezoelectric transducers, which are, in turn, clamped to stationary tooling within a Balzers 510 evaporation plant. The transducers are driven by an ENI 2100L rf power amplifier with a 10-kHz to 12-MHz bandwidth and a power output of around 150 W. Radiative heating of the substrates, with and without ultrasound, was also performed to distinguish between purely thermal and ultrasonic effects. Results thus far indicate that ultrasonic powers above 100 W are required to induce detectable changes in UV absorption and vacuum-to-air shifts of the spectral profile. At substrate temperatures (T s ) near ambient, UV absorption in UAD films is equal to or slightly higher than in conventionally deposited (CD) films. For T s above 100°C, UV absorption tends to increase for UAD vs CD films; baking tends to lower the absorption, indicating that UAD films are oxygen deficient. No changes in crystal structures at high T s as measured by x-ray diffraction, in surface roughness as observed with Nomarski microscopy, and in robustness as determined by controlled exposure to high temperatures and humidities, were noted.
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Nagayama, Gyoko, Ryuji Ando, Kei Muramatsu, and Takaharu Tsuruta. "Fabrication of Macroporous on No-Mask Silicon Substrate for Application to Microsystems." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70323.
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We applied the anodic etching (i. e. photo assisted electrochemical etching) to the n type silicon substrate of orientation (100) without masking to fabricate macropores penetrated Si substrate. The anodic etching conditions of the macroporous formation were discussed and the effects of the resistivity, voltage, current density, electrolyte concentration and illumination etc. on the pore size and the porosity were investigated. The pores in high aspect ratio through the cross section of the silicon wafer were obtained with polishing and RIE (reactive ion etching) from the back side. It is found that the pore size at the back side is about 1.5 to 2 times larger than that of the front side. Also, as one example of the applications of porous silicon to microsystems, we demonstrate the results obtained in a micro fuel cell system using a porous silicon membrane (PSM). The PSM was fabricated by a porous silicon wafer which was filled with Nafion dispersion solution with ultrasonic vibrations. It was used as a proton conduction membrane by assembling into the H2 / air feed fuel cell at ambient conditions using conventional electrodes. We found that the Nafion filled PSM worked well and a maximum power density of 89.2 mW/cm2 were achieved under the flow rate of 100ml/min for H2 and 200ml/min for air.