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Ye, Jia, Chao Zhang, Hongjiang Lei, Gaofeng Pan, and Zhiguo Ding. "Secure UAV-to-UAV Systems With Spatially Random UAVs." IEEE Wireless Communications Letters 8, no. 2 (April 2019): 564–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2018.2879842.
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Li, Huadong, Yiliang Liu, Daochun Li, Dawei Bie, and Zi Kan. "Ground Test and Numerical Simulation of Aerodynamic Interference of the Marsupial UAS." Aerospace 10, no. 2 (February 14, 2023): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace10020175.
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The marsupial unmanned aircraft system (UAS) consists of a large parent unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and multiple small children UAVs that can be launched and recovered in the air. The employment of marsupial UAS can expand the mission range of small UAVs and enhance the collaborative capabilities of small UAVs. However, the serious aerodynamic interference between the parent UAV and the child UAV will affect the flight safety during the launch and recovery process. In this paper, the interference characteristics of marsupial UAS is investigated through ground tests and CFD simulation. Ground tests compared the lift and power of the child UAV with and without parent UAV interference in different areas, and the simulation extended the experimental scope. Three specific interference regions above the parent UAV are defined, including the area above the rotors, the area above body and the transition area. In the first two aeras, the variation of the disturbed lift is more than 30% of the child UAV weight. In the transition aera, the child UAV will be subjected to significant lift variations and asymmetric moments. According to the interference characteristics of different regions, the safe flight boundaries and the appropriate paths of children UAVs are proposed.
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Nopiani, Yanti, Dewi Fortuna Ayu, Evy Rossi, Yelmira Zalfiatri, and Siti Nurhajijah. "PENGARUH TEPUNG AMPAS KEDELAI DALAM PEMBUATAN FLAKES UBI JALAR MERAH." Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian 24, no. 2 (August 31, 2023): 95–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2023.024.02.3.
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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh penambahan tepung ampas kedelai terhadap mutu flakes dari tepung ubi jalar merah. Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) digunakan dalam penelitian ini, dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penggunaan rasio tepung ubi jalar merah dan tepung ampas kedelai (w/w): UA0 (100:0%), UA1 ( 90:10%), UA2 (80:20%), UA3 (70:30%), dan UA4 (60:40%) dan UA5 (50:50%). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik dengan menggunakan ANOVA dan diuji lanjut dengan DNMRT pada taraf 5%. Rasio penggunaan tepung ubi jalar merah dan tepung ampas kedelai berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, serat kasar, ketahanan renyah flakes di dalam susu, dan uji sensori secara deskriptif dan hedonik (warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa). Flakes terpilih adalah perlakuan UA2 (80:20%) yang memiliki kadar air, abu, lemak, protein, serat kasar 5,30%, 3,87%, 1,83%, 6,52%, dan 5,59%, sementara lama kerenyahan di dalam susu selama 163 detik. Hasil uji deskriptif UA2 adalah flakes berwarna orange kecoklatan, memiliki aroma ubi jalar, bertekstur agak renyah dan memiliki rasa ubi jalar merah. Selanjutnya hasil uji hedonik UA2 menunjukkan bahwa panelis menyukai flakes dari segi warna, aroma, tekstur dan rasa.
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Silva, Mário, and Jorge Silva. "Management of urban air logistics with unmanned aerial vehicles: The case of medicine supply in Aveiro, Portugal." Journal of Airline and Airport Management 11, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3926/jairm.182.
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Purpose: This research aims to investigate the relation between urban logistics and all delivery systems used. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and the unmanned aerial system (UAS) have been under investigation in the world of logistics, having been pointed as the next logistic technology. For that reason, this article proposes the use of UAV in urban logistics.Design/methodology/approach: We set for the methodology study the current state of this system and analyze what lies ahead soon. Based on this information, we intend to implement a scenario of deliveries in an urban environment. This scenario will be in the city of Aveiro and consists of the delivery of medicines into pharmacies located in an urban environment. With this study, we pretend to find the best current and future solution to operate in an urban environment, with the conventional vehicle or the UAV/UAS.Findings: The legal implications for the use of UAV/UAS are one important factor that can set back the use of these technologies due to the lack of legislation. Although this technology has some limitations in endurance and payload, this investigation reached a consensus in the use of UAV for logistics in urban areas, in small payloads (around 15 kg), and low endurance (around 25 min). The UAV/UAS brings excellent advantages that the conventional vehicle cannot overcome: direct routes; traffic congestion; and environmental legislation.Practical implications: This study brings an overview of a possible scenario for urban logistics. Although this is currently not possible, soon, this scenario could be implemented. This would bring a reduction in operation costs and reduce the congestion in the urban cores of the cities.Originality/value: Based on this research, this delivery system could, in the future, help and be the starting point for UAV/UAS logistics, specifically in the delivery of medicines.
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Szabolcsi, Róbert. "The Quadrotor-Based Night Watchbird UAV System Used In The Force Protection Tasks." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 21, no. 3 (June 1, 2015): 749–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2015-0126.
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Abstract The Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), or Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are widely used today in real time, high precision reconnaissance missions. The UAS can lean on various types of the UAVs, whilst this paper deals only with multirotor UAV applications. The special flying abilities of the multirotor UAVs (e.g. vertical take-off and landing, hovering, flying at extremely low altitudes and airspeeds) open new areas in UAV applications. Challenges of the modern era put many problems to be solved such as problems of safeguarding in civil life, handling disaster management tasks, border control, and, finally, solution of force protection tasks in operational theatre, or out of war theatre. Author will lay down a brand-new concept of the UAV system applied in bad visibility to improve efficiency of the solution of the force protection tasks, which reduces human resources needed for this purpose. The proposed Night Watchbird UAV system is a new one using modern methods and principles to reach basic goal of reconnaissance providing real-time information for commanders, and for military forces, in general.
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Hu, Xiaodan, Yifan Li, Han Wu, Zhijie Liu, and Jiyu Li. "A YOLOv3-Based Rice Vortex Detecting System Using Dual Collaborative UAVs." Journal of the ASABE 65, no. 5 (2022): 1133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/ja.14994.
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HighlightsUsed dual collaborative UAVs to track the rice vortex formed on rice canopy.A trained YOLOv3-tiny model was used to recognize and calculate the rice vortex parameters with high accuracy.Discovered a quantitative relationship between rice vortex parameters and UAV flight parameters.Aligned the time axis of data process to enhance the accuracy of the vortex parameter calculation.Abstract. A rice vortex generated by the downwash airflow of the agricultural UAV has a great connection to pesticide droplet deposition. In this study, an unmanned aircraft system (UAS) was designed to obtain rice vortex parameters including position coordinates, area, and relative distance to the UAV. The system uses the flight control system mounted Beidou RTK positioning system and Manifold onboard computer to localize the spraying UAV and trains a YOLOv3-tiny model to recognize motion images of dynamic rice vortices in real-time, achieving a mean accuracy of 98.15% with 0.9326 IOU. Moreover, to optimize the system, a data time axis alignment method based on the robot operating system (ROS) was proposed to alleviate the transmission delay and image processing time-consumption, which increased the accuracy of the vortex parameter by 3.48%. The rice vortex area acquired by the UAS was highly relevant to UAV flight parameters and the relative distance was just correlated to the UAV height. The instantaneous status of the rice vortex helps to lay a data foundation for adjusting the flight parameters of the plant protection UAV. Keywords: Precision agriculture, Rice vortex, ROS, Spray operation, UAV, YOLOv3-tiny.
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Blagodaryashchev, I. V., M. A. Kiselev, R. S. Naumov, and V. S. Shapkin. "Topical issues of personnel training in the field of unmanned aircraft systems." Civil Aviation High Technologies 25, no. 4 (September 6, 2022): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2022-25-4-8-19.
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The legal regulation, and hence, the training system in the field of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) in the Russian Federation, the European Union and the United States is based on the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) rating with respect to UAS maximum take-off weight (MTOW) and their purpose (method of use). In this regard, small-unmanned aircraft (sUAS) are identified – in our country up to 30 kg, in the EU and the USA up to 55 lbs (25 kg) and UAV with larger weight. In the USA and Europe, the training of remote pilots for sUAS is differentiated based on the degree of risk that UAV can represent for public safety. Thus, the training of remote pilots to use UAVs with MTOW less than 25 kg (55 lbs) in a sparsely populated area during daylight hours under the conditions of visual range is conducted in the online format, the result of which is taking tests. In the United States and Europe, the UAV application with MTOW more than 25 kg (55 lbs) or performing UAV operations, presenting a potential risk for public safety, requires more comprehensive and long-term training of remote pilots. In the Russian Federation, UAS personnel training is conducted in educational organizations according to different programs, which vary significantly depending on a specific type of aviation UAVs refers to: State, Civil or Experimental. UAS personnel training programs for various aviation types are not harmonized, which leads to the failure to credit previously received education in training to perform activities in another aviation type. The article describes the analysis results of the international and national experience, perspectives for the development of the UAS personnel training system, as well as formulates the proposals concerning further development of the national system for UAS specialists training.
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Tkachyck, P., O. Kotcemyr, S. Sokolovskyi, and D. Bilous. "Accounting for real meteorological conditions at the time of UAV flight mission planning." Military Technical Collection, no. 25 (December 21, 2021): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33577/2312-4458.25.2021.54-60.
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The article is dedicated to the the problem of not considering the real meteorological conditions in planning the flight task of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) A1-CM Furia . Unmanned aerial system(UAS) A1-CM Furia has been developed and manufactured by LLC SPC Athlon Avia since 2014. Within 2019-2020, the UAS passed a full spectrum of state tests and was adopted by the Armed Forces of Ukraine. The main criteria that this UAS meets are the detection and tracking of enemy objectives, equipment maintenance and target reconnaissance. Among the peculiarities of UAV application are performance of tasks in adverse meteorological conditions, the use of radio-electronic suppression by the opposing parties, significant spatial characteristics of the areas of responsibility of units and subdivisions for reconnaissance and engagement.
The change in the charge current of the battery depending on the air temperature and the change in the charge current of the battery depending on the wind speed in different meteorological conditions were analyzed in the article.
The article presents experimental results that determine the order of current consumption for battery time depending on meteorological factors, such as wind speed and air temperature. These results indicate that the UAV A1-CM Furia during the task accomplishment can not meet the flight characteristics that are defined in the flight operation manual UAS (FAM). The FAM does not separate the differences in the use of UAV in different meteorological conditions. This causes possible errors in calculating the maximum length of the route and the maximum possible time in the air.
In the article it was proposed to develop a correction for the use of UAV depending on changes in wind speed and temperature .
During the assessing of possible corrections for the use of UAV at different wind speeds and air temperatures, the accuracy of determining the possible values of the maximum route length and maximum time of UAV in the air allows us to calculate more accurate data for future tasks accomplisment.
Experimental methods of calculating corrections took a large part in the specific study of information without taking into account the real meteorological conditions while planning the flight task of the UAV A1-CM Furia.
The obtained results show that without further consideration of meteorological conditions while planning a flight task there may be inaccuracies.
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Zhang, Jingmin, Xiaokui Yue, Haofei Zhang, and Tiantian Xiao. "Optimal Unmanned Ground Vehicle—Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Formation-Maintenance Control for Air-Ground Cooperation." Applied Sciences 12, no. 7 (April 1, 2022): 3598. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12073598.
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This paper investigates the air–ground cooperative time-varying formation-tracking control problem of a heterogeneous cluster system composed of an unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) and an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Initially, the structure of the UAV–UGV formation-control system is analyzed from the perspective of a cooperative combat system. Next, based on the motion relationship between the UAV–UGV in a relative coordinate system, the relative motion model between them is established, which can clearly reveal the physical meaning of the relative motion process in the UAV–UGV system. Then, under the premise that the control system of the UAG is closed-loop stable, the motion state of the UGV is modeled as an input perturbation. Finally, using a linear quadratic optimal control theory, a UAV–UGV formation-maintenance controller is designed to track the reference trajectory of the UGV based on the UAV–UGV relative motion model. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller can overcome input perturbations, model-constant perturbations, and linearization biases. Moreover, it can achieve fast and stable adjustment and maintenance control of the desired UAV–UGV formation proposed by the cooperative combat mission planning system.
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An, Namwon, Kyung-Mee Lim, and So-Young Jeong. "Acquiring Precise Coordinates of Ground Targets through GCP Geometric Correction of Captured Images in UAS." Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology 26, no. 2 (April 5, 2023): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.9766/kimst.2023.26.2.129.
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Acquiring precise coordinates of ground targets can be regarded as the key mission of the tactical-level military UAS(Unmanned Aerial System) operations. The coordinates deviations for the ground targets estimated from UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) images may depend on the sensor specifications and slant ranges between UAV and ground targets. It has an order of several tens to hundreds of meters for typical tactical UAV mission scenarios. In this paper, we propose a scheme that precisely acquires target coordinates from UAS by mapping image pixels to geographical coordinates based on GCP(Ground Control Points). This scheme was implemented and tested from ground control station for UAS. We took images of targets of which exact location is known and acquired the target coordinates using our proposed scheme. The experimental results showed that errors of the acquired coordinates remained within an order of several meters and the coordinates accuracy was significantly improved.
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Yoon, Jiyoung, Hyojun Lee, and Kyung-Jun Park. "UAV System Security Enhancement in Wi-Fi Communication Between UAV and GCS." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 45, no. 4 (April 30, 2020): 686–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2020.45.4.686.
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Becerra, Yeyson, and Dante Giovanni Sterpin Buitrago. "Actividades de construcción sencillas desarrolladas por sistemas aéreos no tripulados." Tecnura 27, no. 76 (July 12, 2023): 12–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/22487638.18612.
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Contexto: Los vehículos aéreos no tripulados (UAV, por sus siglas en inglés) han tomado gran relevancia en los últimos años, al integrarse en diversos sectores de la economía, como el agrícola, energético, público, construcción, entre otros. Precisamente, en este último sector, se han venido realizando avances que permiten la manipulación, transporte e identificación de elementos propios del sector, así como la cooperación entre distintos robots aéreos o robots terrestres para solucionar el problema de límite de carga, asociado a los UAV. Método: Este trabajo está dividido en cuatro categorías en las que los UAV y los sistemas aéreos no tripulados (UAS, por su sigla en inglés) han aportado al desarrollo de actividades de construcción de forma autónoma. Se realiza una búsqueda exhaustiva mediante Google Scholar empleando palabras claves tales como “UAV”, “robotics”, “UAS”, “construction”, “cooperation”, “architecture” y “assembly”, las cuales permiten identificar trabajos desarrollados en este campo. En la búsqueda se realiza combinaciones entre las distintas palabras con el fin de reducir el amplio panorama que se presenta al utilizar tan solo una de ellas. Resultados: Se obtiene un panorama de diversos sistemas aéreos no tripulados que ejecutan tareas simples que conlleven la automatización del sector de la construcción; en ese sentido, se enumeran las características, virtudes y limitantes actuales de estos sistemas, así como, los desafíos que se proponen a futuro. Conclusiones: El mercado actual de UAV está orientado principalmente a sistemas teleoperados; sin embargo, centros de investigación han venido desarrollando UAV y UAS más autónomos. La baja capacidad de carga de estos sistemas ha sido compensada con la cooperación entre robots aéreos, terrestres e, inclusive, humanos. Dicha cooperación exige la creación de algoritmos que coordinen todos los agentes que intervienen en el sistema. Se deben tener en cuenta las condiciones del entorno de construcción, así como, la precisión y estabilidad de estos sistemas.
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Cherkasov, S. V., B. V. Sterligov, and L. A. Zolotaya. "The ability to use unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Making high precision measurements of the anomalies of Eart’s Geomagnetic Field." Moscow University Bulletin. Series 4. Geology, no. 3 (June 28, 2016): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.33623/0579-9406-2016-3-17-20.
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The article presents a review of Russian airborne geomagnetic evolution and shows that nowadays the creation of airborne geomagnetic complexes based on air drones (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle, UAV) is much in demand. The theoretical and research data on the development on UAV optimal configuration to place a new-generation quantum aeromagnetometer (using a rubidium sensor with optical injection) on the UAV are shown. The authors have developed an unmanned aeromagnetic complex (UAC) to use in high-quality aeromagnetic surveys at low altitudes (from 30 m) for geological, engineering, and ecological goals.
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Wang, Gicheol, Byoung-Sun Lee, Jae Young Ahn, and Gihwan Cho. "A UAV-Aided Cluster Head Election Framework and Applying Such to Security-Driven Cluster Head Election Schemes: A Survey." Security and Communication Networks 2018 (June 19, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6475927.
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UAS (Unmanned Aerial Systems) are now drawing a lot of attention from academic and research fields as well as the general public. The UAS is expected to provide many promising applications such as intelligent transportation system, disaster management, search and rescue, public safety, smart delivery, wild species monitoring, and wireless service area extension. More specifically, as a part of the wireless service extension, we deal with the information dissemination and collection using a UAV in this paper. In this application, because the UAV communicates with each CH (Cluster Head) to collect data from sensor nodes or to disseminate information to the sensor nodes, well-behaved and qualified nodes should be elected as CHs and their integrity should be preserved. Even though a UAV makes the information dissemination and collection process efficient in a WSN, we can make the UAV help the election of new CHs to mitigate the threat of compromised CHs. To this aim, we first propose a UAV-aided CH election framework where a UAV delivers the critical information collected from sensors to the sink, and the sink reselects a set of well-behaved and qualified CHs considering the information. Then, we classify the existing security-driven CH election schemes into several categories and explain the principle of each category and its representative schemes. For each representative scheme, we also explain how to adapt it into the UAV-aided CH election framework. Next, we identify some desirable security properties that a CH election scheme should provide and reveal the security level that each representative scheme reaches for the desirable security properties. Next, we compare communication and computation overhead of the security-driven CH election schemes in terms of the big O notation. In conclusion, we reveal what we have learned from this survey work and provide a future work item.
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Mohammed, Ameer, Bashir Garba Ibrahim, Muyideen Omuya Momoh, Kumater Peter Ter, Abolanle Oluwatoyin Adetifa, and Damilare Abdulbasit Oluwole. "Challenges of Ground Control System in Ensuring Safe Flights for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles." MEKATRONIKA 4, no. 1 (June 14, 2022): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/mekatronika.v4i1.7350.
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Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) are considered as evolving technology due to the diversity and feasibility of their applications. Generally, UAS are controlled by a ground operator in a ground control station (GCS). GCS can be used for several remote applications for unmanned vehicles; however, for the purpose of this review, GCS applications would be limited to its application on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV). Such stations are made up of basic components consisting of commercial-off-the-shelf components and low-cost equipment depending on the sophistication of the UAV. This requires that as UAVs evolve, GCS are equally upgraded to meet with the technological feet. This paper discusses the challenges associated with GCS in ensuring safe operations of the UAV. Hence, a brief background of GCS, its architecture, applications, inherent challenges and the proposed solutions are presented.
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Granshaw, Stuart I. "RPV, UAV, UAS, RPAS … or just drone?" Photogrammetric Record 33, no. 162 (June 2018): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/phor.12244.
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Salamí, Esther, Antonia Gallardo, Georgy Skorobogatov, and Cristina Barrado. "On-the-Fly Olive Trees Counting Using a UAS and Cloud Services." Remote Sensing 11, no. 3 (February 5, 2019): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11030316.
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Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) are becoming a common tool for aerial sensing applications. Nevertheless, sensed data need further processing before becoming useful information. This processing requires large computing power and time before delivery. In this paper, we present a parallel architecture that includes an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a small embedded computer on board, a communication link to the Internet, and a cloud service with the aim to provide useful real-time information directly to the end-users. The potential of parallelism as a solution in remote sensing has not been addressed for a distributed architecture that includes the UAV processors. The architecture is demonstrated for a specific problem: the counting of olive trees in a crop field where the trees are regularly spaced from each other. During the flight, the embedded computer is able to process individual images on board the UAV and provide the total count. The tree counting algorithm obtains an F 1 score of 99 . 09 % for a sequence of ten images with 332 olive trees. The detected trees are geolocated and can be visualized on the Internet seconds after the take-off of the flight, with no further processing required. This is a use case to demonstrate near real-time results obtained from UAS usage. Other more complex UAS applications, such as tree inventories, search and rescue, fire detection, or stock breeding, can potentially benefit from this architecture and obtain faster outcomes, accessible while the UAV is still on flight.
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Mani, Prashant, Pankaj Singh, Abhishek Singhal, and Apoorv Katiyar. "Design and Simulation of Smart Communication System for Unmanned Arial Vehicles." International Journal of Computers and Communications 15 (November 29, 2021): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91013.2021.15.15.
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In recent years, the use of drones has drastically increased as the evolution of drone use in commercial sectors and reduced costs of the hardware. Earlier drone services were mostly used for military operations but nowadays the Unmanned Arial Vehicles (UAV) system is very advanced and its applications are not limited to military operations. The recent years have also witnessed a network evolution of UAVs from single ground to air network to multi-UAV network systems along with usage of wireless public networks like LTE which can act as UAV communication channel. In the proposed project, a communication system used in the UAS system is simulated to analyze the UAV behavior under different conditions with respect to mission planning and the communication networks used. A comprehensive study is done on communication networks used in controlling UAVs. For a safer approach, the proposed model is simulated using available software instead of hardware implementations. ArduPilot SITL, MAVProxy and Mission Planner are used to simulate the UAV system virtually. Whereas network simulations of Wi-Fi and LTE network are done with the help of NS-3 on a separate platform. Various network parameters like network delay, throughput, etc., are graphically represented.
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Tan, Qichen, Haoyu Bian, Siyang Zhong, and Xin Zhang. "Simulation of multi-rotor powered urban aerial mobility noise for environmental assessment." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 3 (August 1, 2021): 3854–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2541.
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The operation of the rapidly growing unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and the promising urban aerial mobility (UAM) could have a significant noise impact on the environment. In this work, we developed a cloud-based noise simulator to efficiently assess the environmental impact of UAM and UAV. The noise sources and long-distance propagation are computed by the propeller noise prediction models and an advanced Gaussian beam tracing method, respectively, in local high-performance computers. Users can define the working conditions and vehicle layer through a platform with a user-friendly graphical interface. In addition, the noise level distribution at the observers of interest such as the buildings can be visualized. By employing advanced interpolation methods or autonomous learning algorithms, the computations are efficiently accelerated such that the noise distributions are simultaneously displayed during flights of the vehicles. To better measure the noise impact on human perception, various noise metrics will be output for further analysis. By conducting the virtual flights using the simulator, the noise impact in each flight state and atmospheric condition of different vehicles can be predicted, which will then facilitate the low-noise flights for both UAV and UAM.
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Azari, M. Mahdi, Giovanni Geraci, Adrian Garcia-Rodriguez, and Sofie Pollin. "UAV-to-UAV Communications in Cellular Networks." IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications 19, no. 9 (September 2020): 6130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/twc.2020.3000303.
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Giurato, Mattia, Paolo Gattazzo, and Marco Lovera. "UAV Lab: a multidisciplinary UAV design course." IFAC-PapersOnLine 52, no. 12 (2019): 490–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2019.11.291.
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Parshin, Alexander, Ayur Bashkeev, Yuriy Davidenko, Marina Persova, Sergey Iakovlev, Sergey Bukhalov, Nikolay Grebenkin, and Marina Tokareva. "Lightweight Unmanned Aerial System for Time-Domain Electromagnetic Prospecting—The Next Stage in Applied UAV-Geophysics." Applied Sciences 11, no. 5 (February 26, 2021): 2060. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11052060.
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Nowadays in solving geological problems, the technologies of UAV-geophysics, primarily magnetic and gamma surveys, are being increasingly used. However, for the formation of the classical triad of airborne geophysics methods in the UAV version, there was not enough technology for UAV-electromagnetic sounding, which would allow studying the geological environment at depths of tens and hundreds of meters with high detail. This article describes apparently the first technology of UAV-electromagnetic sounding in the time domain (TDEM, TEM), implemented as an unmanned system based on a light multi-rotor UAV. A measuring system with an inductive sensor—an analogue of a 20 × 20 or 50 × 50 m receiving loop is towed by a UAV, and a galvanically grounded power transmitter is on the ground and connected to a pulse generator. The survey is carried out along a network of parallel lines at low altitude with a terrain draping at a speed of 7–8 m/s, the maximum distance of the UAV’s departure from the transmitter line can reach several kilometers, thus the created technology is optimal for performing detailed areal electromagnetic soundings in areas of several square kilometers. The results of the use of the unmanned system (UAS) in real conditions of the mountainous regions of Eastern Siberia are presented. Based on the obtained data, the sensitivity of the system was simulated and it was shown that the developed technology allows one to collect informative data and create geophysical sections and maps of electrical resistivity in various geological situations. According to the authors, the emergence of UAV-TEM systems in the near future will significantly affect the practice of geophysical work, as it was earlier with UAV-magnetic prospecting and gamma-ray survey.
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Ajith, V. S., and KG Jolly. "Unmanned aerial systems in search and rescue applications with their path planning: a review." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2115, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2115/1/012020.
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Abstract In recent days, the Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS) is an emerging technology rapidly across many warfare’s and enable new civilian domains which include real-time monitoring, security, border surveillance, wildlife surveys, providing wireless coverage, weather monitoring, smart farming, surveying, search and rescue, products delivery, farming, and civil structure inspection. Initially, there were many challenges in the design and control of UAS as it lacks an onboard pilot for navigation. Now the condition is improved with the implementation of artificial intelligence techniques in path planning and their coordination. Unmanned Aerial vehicles (UAV) in UAS technology open up new potentials in a variety of fields. This paper presents a review of recent literature, starting with the introduction about the UAS and its types, components, developments, potential applications of UAV in search and rescue and the paper completes with a summary of the different path planning methods used in UAS.
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Ariante, Gennaro, Salvatore Ponte, Umberto Papa, Alberto Greco, and Giuseppe Del Core. "Ground Control System for UAS Safe Landing Area Determination (SLAD) in Urban Air Mobility Operations." Sensors 22, no. 9 (April 22, 2022): 3226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22093226.
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The use of the Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) for civil, scientific, and military operations, is constantly increasing, particularly in environments very dangerous or impossible for human actions. Many tasks are currently carried out in metropolitan areas, such as urban traffic monitoring, pollution and land monitoring, security surveillance, delivery of small packages, etc. Estimation of features around the flight path and surveillance of crowded areas, where there is a high number of vehicles and/or obstacles, are of extreme importance for typical UAS missions. Ensuring safety and efficiency during air traffic operations in a metropolitan area is one of the conditions for Urban Air Mobility (UAM) operations. This paper focuses on the development of a ground control system capable of monitoring crowded areas or impervious sites, identifying the UAV position and a safety area for vertical landing or take-off maneuvers (VTOL), ensuring a high level of accuracy and robustness, even without using GNSS-derived navigation information, and with on-board terrain hazard detection and avoidance (DAA) capabilities, in particular during operations conducted in BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line Of Sight). The system is composed by a mechanically rotating real-time LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) sensor, linked to a Raspberry Pi 3 as SBC (Session Board Controller), and interfaced to a GCS (Ground Control Station) by wireless connection for data management and 3-D information transfer.
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Yi, Jia, Honghai Zhang, Fei Wang, Changyuan Ning, Hao Liu, and Gang Zhong. "An Operational Capacity Assessment Method for an Urban Low-Altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Logistics Route Network." Drones 7, no. 9 (September 15, 2023): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones7090582.
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The Federal Aviation Administration introduced the concept of urban air mobility (UAM), a new three-dimensional transport system that operates with a fusion of manned/unmanned aerial vehicles on an urban or intercity scale. The rapid development of UAM has brought innovation and dynamism to many industries, especially in the field of logistics. Various types of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for use in transport logistics are being designed and produced. UAV logistics refers to the use of UAVs, usually carrying goods and parcels, to achieve route planning, identify risk perception, facilitate parcel delivery, and carry out other functions. This research provides a method for assessing the operational capacity of a UAV logistics route network. The concept of “logistics UAV route network operation capacity” is defined, and a bi-objective optimization model for assessing the route network’s operating capacity is developed. The first objective is to maximize the number of UAV logistics delivery plans that can be executed in a fixed operation time. The second objective is to minimize the total operational impedance value in a fixed operation time. To solve the bi-objective optimization model, the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) is utilized. A UAV logistics route network with 62 nodes is developed to assess the rationale and validity of the proposed concept. The experiments show that with an increase in operation time, the route network’s optimal operational capacity gradually increases, the convergence speed of the algorithm slows down, and the optimization magnitude gradually reduces. Two key parameters—operational safety interval and flight speed—are further analyzed in the experiments. According to the experiments, as the safety interval increases, the route network’s average operational capacity steadily diminishes, as does its sensitivity to the safety interval. The average operational capacity steadily rose with the rise in flight speed, especially when the UAV logistics flight speed was between 10 m/s and 10.5 m/s. In that range, the operational capacity of the route network was substantially impacted by the flight speed.
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Luan, Zhirong, Hongtao Jia, Ping Wang, Rong Jia, and Badong Chen. "Joint UAVs’ Load Balancing and UEs’ Data Rate Fairness Optimization by Diffusion UAV Deployment Algorithm in Multi-UAV Networks." Entropy 23, no. 11 (November 7, 2021): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23111470.
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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be deployed as base stations (BSs) for emergency communications of user equipments (UEs) in 5G/6G networks. In multi-UAV communication networks, UAVs’ load balancing and UEs’ data rate fairness are two challenging problems and can be optimized by UAV deployment strategies. In this work, we found that these two problems are related by the same performance metric, which makes it possible to optimize the two problems simultaneously. To solve this joint optimization problem, we propose a UAV diffusion deployment algorithm based on the virtual force field method. Firstly, according to the unique performance metric, we define two new virtual forces, which are the UAV-UAV force and UE-UAV force defined by FU and FV, respectively. FV is the main contributor to load balancing and UEs’ data rate fairness, and FU contributes to fine tuning the UEs’ data rate fairness performance. Secondly, we propose a diffusion control stratedy to the update UAV-UAV force, which optimizes FV in a distributed manner. In this diffusion strategy, each UAV optimizes the local parameter by exchanging information with neighbor UAVs, which achieve global load balancing in a distributed manner. Thirdly, we adopt the successive convex optimization method to update FU, which is a non-convex problem. The resultant force of FV and FU is used to control the UAVs’ motion. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the baseline algorithm on UAVs’ load balancing and UEs’ data rate fairness.
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Bouassida, Sana, Najett Neji, Lydie Nouvelière, and Jamel Neji. "Evaluating the Impact of Drone Signaling in Crosswalk Scenario." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010157.
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The characteristic pillars of a city are its economy, its mobility, its environment, its inhabitants, its way of life, and its organization. Since 1980, the concept of smart city generally consists of optimizing costs, organization, and the well-being of inhabitants. The idea is to develop means and solutions capable of meeting the needs of the population, while preserving resources and the environment. Owing to their little size, their flexibility, and their low cost, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) are today used in a huge number of daily life applications. UAV use cases can be classified into three categories: data covering (like surveillance and event covering), data relaying (like delivery and emergency services), and data dissemination (like cartography and precise agriculture). In addition, the interest to Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS) has risen in these recent years, especially in the context of smart cities. In such systems, both drivers and traffic managers share the information and cooperate to coordinate their actions to ensure safety, traffic efficiency, and environment preservation. In this work, we aimed at introducing a UAV in a use case that is likely to happen in C-ITS. A conflict is considered involving a car and a pedestrian. A UAV observes from the top of the scene and will play the role of the situation controller, the information collector, and the assignment of the instructions to the car driver in case of a harmful situation to avoid car-pedestrian collision. To this end, we highlight interactions between the UAV and the car vehicle (U2V communication), as well as between the UAV and infrastructure (U2I communication). Hence, the benefit of using UAV is emphasized to reduce accident gravity rate, braking distance, energy consumption, and occasional visibility reduction.
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Swinney, Carolyn J., and John C. Woods. "The Effect of Real-World Interference on CNN Feature Extraction and Machine Learning Classification of Unmanned Aerial Systems." Aerospace 8, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace8070179.
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Small unmanned aerial systems (UASs) present many potential solutions and enhancements to industry today but equally pose a significant security challenge. We only need to look at the levels of disruption caused by UASs at airports in recent years. The accuracy of UAS detection and classification systems based on radio frequency (RF) signals can be hindered by other interfering signals present in the same frequency band, such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi devices. In this paper, we evaluate the effect of real-world interference from Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals concurrently on convolutional neural network (CNN) feature extraction and machine learning classification of UASs. We assess multiple UASs that operate using different transmission systems: Wi-Fi, Lightbridge 2.0, OcuSync 1.0, OcuSync 2.0 and the recently released OcuSync 3.0. We consider 7 popular UASs, evaluating 2 class UAS detection, 8 class UAS type classification and 21 class UAS flight mode classification. Our results show that the process of CNN feature extraction using transfer learning and machine learning classification is fairly robust in the presence of real-world interference. We also show that UASs that are operating using the same transmission system can be distinguished. In the presence of interference from both Bluetooth and Wi-Fi signals, our results show 100% accuracy for UAV detection (2 classes), 98.1% (+/−0.4%) for UAV type classification (8 classes) and 95.4% (+/−0.3%) for UAV flight mode classification (21 classes).
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Senchuk, D. V. "Studying the Performance Features of the Scenario Algorithm in the Control System of an Unmanned Aerial System." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 4(132) (September 14, 2023): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)4-14.
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In this paper, we consider the results of a full-scale experiment carried out under conditions most closely resembling real operating ones. The goal of the experiment is to identify the performance features of the control system inside an unmanned aerial system (UAS) when using the swarm control method of a decentralized UAS control strategy. The considered flight performance characteristics of a single UAV provide an opportunity to analyze the operation feasibility of the presented UAS to solve other kinds of problems. The results of the presented experiment enable the development of a set of recommendations for further research directions. Also, they provide future UAV operators with better and faster achievement of practical goals during the practical operation of UAS in various conditions. The described features and disadvantages of various BAS control strategies help determine probable options for the BAS configuration depending on the nature of the tasks to be solved later.
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Crazzolara, Claudio, Martin Ebner, Andreas Platis, Tatiana Miranda, Jens Bange, and Annett Junginger. "A new multicopter-based unmanned aerial system for pollen and spores collection in the atmospheric boundary layer." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 12, no. 3 (March 12, 2019): 1581–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-12-1581-2019.
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Abstract. The application of a new particle collection system (PCS) developed in-house and operated on board a commercially available multicopter unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is presented as a new unmanned aerial system (UAS) approach for in situ measurement of the concentration of aerosol particles such as pollen grains and spores in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). A newly developed impactor is used for high-efficiency particle extraction on board the multicopter UAV. An airflow volume of 0.2 m3 min−1 through the impactor is provided by a battery-powered blower and measured with an on-board mass flow sensor. A bell-mouth-shaped air inlet of the PCS is arranged and oriented on the multicopter UAV to provide substantial isokinetic sampling conditions by advantageously using the airflow pattern generated by the propellers of the multicopter UAV. More than 30 aerosol particle collection flights were carried out near Tübingen in March 2017 at altitudes of up to 300 m above ground level (a.g.l.), each with a sampled air volume of 2 m3. Pollen grains and spores of various genera, as well as large (>20 µm) opaque particles and fine dust particles, were collected, and specific concentrations of up to 100 particles per m3 were determined by visual microscopic analysis. The pollen concentration values measured with the new UAS match well with the pollen concentration data published by the Stiftung Deutscher Polleninformationsdienst (PID) and by MeteoSwiss. A major advantage of the new multicopter-based UAS is the possibility of the identification of collected aerosol particles and the measurement of their concentration with high temporal and spatial resolutions, which can be used inter alia to improve the database for modelling the propagation of aerosol particles in the ABL.
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Hellweg, Robert, and Gregg G. Fleming. "Unmanned air systems (UAS/UAV) (drone) and aerial mobility: summaries of the 2018 and 2020 TQA workshops." INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, no. 1 (August 1, 2021): 4945–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-2899.
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Unmanned air system (UAS/UAV) noise and urban mobility noise were the subject of two National Academy of Engineering (NAE) hosted workshops under the auspices of the Technology of Quieter America (TQA) program. Both workshops were organized by the INCE Foundation in cooperation with the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The first workshop "UAS and UAV (Drone): Noise Emissions and Noise Control Engineering Technology" was held in Washington, DC in December, 2018. manufacturers, users, U.S. government agencies, universities, consultants and professional societies. The second was an e-workshop "Aerial Mobility: Noise Issues and Technology" in December, 2020. Participants at each workshop included representatives from manufacturers (US and international), users, U.S. government agencies, academia, consultants, professional societies, and law firms. Topics included: modelling, testing, psychoacoustics, community impact, noise reduction strategies, measurement techniques, and uses of both UAS/UAVs and aerial mobility.
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Ariyanto, Mochammad, Joga D. Setiawan, Munadi Munadi, and Teguh Parabowo. "Uji Terbang Autonomous Low Cost Fixed Wing UAV Menggunakan PID Compensator." ROTASI 19, no. 4 (November 3, 2017): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/rotasi.19.4.231-236.
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Pengguna UAV pada umumnya terbagi ke dalam dua kelompok, yaitu pengguna yang menggunakan UAV buatan pabrik dan pengguna yang membuat UAV sendiri. Pengguna yang membangun UAV sendiri harus mendesain, menghitung performa aerodinamika, dan membuat (memanufaktur) UAV-nya sendiri. Selain itu, mereka harus menentukan komponen-komponen mekanis dan elektris dimana yang dibutuhkan agar UAV dapat beroperasi sesuai dengan performa yang diharapkan. Membangun UAV membutuhkan biaya yang lebih murah daripada membeli UAV buatan pabrik. Pada pengembangan UAV diperlukan proses desain, pembuatan (manufaktur), dan uji terbang berkali-kali hingga performa UAV saat terbang mengikuti tracking secara autonomous yang baik. Pada penelitian ini, sebuah fixed-wing UAV akan didesain dan dibuat dengan menggunakan material yang murah (low cost). Setelah fixed wing UAV telah dibuat, maka akan dilakukan pengujian terbang menggunakan kontrol PID. Fixed wing UAV yang telah dikembangkan akan dilakukan uji terbang secara autonomous untuk mengikuti tracking terhadap perintah yang diberikan. Perintah Trajectory yang harus diikuti oleh UAV berupa persegi panjang dengan ketinggian 100 m. Berdasarkan hasil uji terbang, sebuah fixed-wing UAV telah berhasil didesain dan dibuat dengan material yang murah dan dapat melakukan terbang secara autonomus mengikuti perintah trajectory yang diberikan menggunakan PID compensator.
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Liang, Jinfan, Xun Huang, Qiwang Xu, Yu Liu, Jingfan Zhang, and Jie Huang. "A Novel UAV-Assisted Multi-Mobility Channel Model for Urban Transportation Emergency Communications." Electronics 12, no. 14 (July 9, 2023): 3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics12143015.
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With the increasing requirements for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication in various application scenarios, the UAV-assisted emergency communication in urban transportation scenario has received great attention. In this paper, a novel UAV-assisted UAV-to-vehicle (U2V) geometry-based stochastic model (GBSM) for the urban traffic communication scenario is proposed. The three-dimensional (3D) multi-mobilities of the transmitter (Tx), receiver (Rx), and clusters are considered by introducing the time-variant acceleration and velocity correspondingly. The velocity variation of the clusters is used to simulate the motion of vehicles around the Rx. Moreover, to describe the vehicles’ moving states, Markov chain is adopted to analyze the changes in cluster motion states, including survival, death, dynamic, and static states. By adjusting the scenario-specific parameters, such as the vehicle density (ρ) and dynamic–static ratio (Ω), the model can support various urban traffic scenarios. Based on the proposed model, several key statistical properties, namely the root mean square (RMS) delay spread, temporal autocorrelation function (ACF), level-crossing rate (LCR), power delay profile (PDP), and stationary interval, under different clusters and antenna accelerations are obtained and analyzed. The accuracy of the proposed model is verified by the measured data. The results demonstrate the usability of our model, which can be provided as a reference for the design, evaluation, and optimization of future communication networks between UAV and vehicles in urban transportation emergency communications.
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Oakey, Andy, Matt Grote, Angela Smith, Tom Cherrett, Aliaksei Pilko, Janet Dickinson, and Laila AitBihiOuali. "Integrating drones into NHS patient diagnostic logistics systems: Flight or fantasy?" PLOS ONE 17, no. 12 (December 22, 2022): e0264669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264669.
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Healthcare accounts for approximately 5% of emissions in developed nations, and the public healthcare provider in the United Kingdom (UK), the National Health Service (NHS), has set a target to reach net-zero emissions by 2040 without detriment to its quality of patient care. With Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs; a.k.a. drones, UAS, or RPAS) starting to be used in healthcare systems outside the UK, there is interest in how they could be integrated into NHS operations to transport diagnostic specimens. Reflecting on a business-as-usual analysis of current NHS diagnostic specimen logistics across the Solent region (southern UK), this paper critically evaluates the practical reality of integrating UAV deliveries of this commodity, identifying the benefits and challenges that must be addressed to realise commercial services, including dangerous goods legislation, cargo stability, routing, and weather. In the analysis, 14 out of 79 surgeries could be realistically served by a 5m wingspan vertical take-off/landing (VTOL) UAV: seven directly, and seven via ground-based transfers. The results suggested that an average of 1,628 samples could be served by UAV each week, resulting in 42 flights/week with 10 taxi services to cover periods where weather limited flying. This equated to an approximate total service cost of £2,964/week if regulations develop to relax UAV personnel constraints. The introduction of UAVs reduced the marginal external costs (greenhouse gas emissions, congestion, and air pollution) by £196 per week and cut travel times to UAV served sites by 72% (weather permitting). Tailpipe emissions (excl. taxis), vehicle-kilometres travelled, and van costs were reduced by 20%, 20%, and 23% (respectively), but the overall system cost increased by 56%. Whilst this increase is likely to make the introduction of UAV services financially challenging, the benefits in terms of emissions and journey time savings may offset some of the additional cost and warrant further investigation.
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KIMURA, Keisuke, Keigo MAEDA, Kotaro ASA, Yuki FUNABORA, Shinji DOKI, and Kae DOKI. "UAV Localization System with Subsidiary UAVs for Visual Inspection." Transactions of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers 56, no. 7 (2020): 370–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.9746/sicetr.56.370.
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Cabrera-Ponce, Aldrich A., J. Martinez-Carranza, and Caleb Rascon. "Detection of nearby UAVs using a multi-microphone array on board a UAV." International Journal of Micro Air Vehicles 12 (January 2020): 175682932092574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1756829320925748.
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In this work, we address the problem of UAV detection flying nearby another UAV. Usually, computer vision could be used to face this problem by placing cameras onboard the patrolling UAV. However, visual processing is prone to false positives, sensible to light conditions and potentially slow if the image resolution is high. Thus, we propose to carry out the detection by using an array of microphones mounted with a special array onboard the patrolling UAV. To achieve our goal, we convert audio signals into spectrograms and used them in combination with a CNN architecture that has been trained to learn when a UAV is flying nearby, and when it is not. Clearly, the first challenge is the presence of ego-noise derived from the patrolling UAV itself through its propellers and motor’s noise. Our proposed CNN is based on Google’s Inception v.3 network. The Inception model is trained with a dataset created by us, which includes examples of when an intruder UAV flies nearby and when it does not. We conducted experiments for off-line and on-line detection. For the latter, we manage to generate spectrograms from the audio stream and process it with the Nvidia Jetson TX2 mounted onboard the patrolling UAV.
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Yang, Zhikai. "The development and application of UAV intelligent machine learning system based on artificial intelligence." Advances in Education, Humanities and Social Science Research 6, no. 1 (June 25, 2023): 140. http://dx.doi.org/10.56028/aehssr.6.1.140.2023.
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In the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, some scholars proposed to integrate artificial intelligence and UAV technology together, comprehensively improve the application technology level of UAV, and truly meet the needs of information collection and processing in different fields. According to the application of UAV technology means in recent years, whether in the military field or the civil field, UAV has a very broad prospect for development. Intelligent UAV will replace the traditional UAV in a comprehensive way. Therefore, Chinese scientific research field should strengthen the integration of artificial intelligence and UAV technology research and development efforts, so as to guide the sustainable and healthy development of our UAV cause. After understanding the advantages of artificial intelligence and UAV technology, this paper mainly explores the development and application of UAV intelligent machine learning system according to the existing UAV technical means and artificial intelligence algorithm, and takes the UAV intelligent machine learning system in the agricultural field as an example to effectively verify the reliability of the application algorithm.
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Rudys, Saulius, Andrius Laučys, Paulius Ragulis, Rimvydas Aleksiejūnas, Karolis Stankevičius, Martynas Kinka, Matas Razgūnas, Domantas Bručas, Dainius Udris, and Raimondas Pomarnacki. "Hostile UAV Detection and Neutralization Using a UAV System." Drones 6, no. 9 (September 12, 2022): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones6090250.
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The technologies of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have seen extremely rapid development in recent years. UAV technologies are being developed much faster than the means of their legislation. There have been many means of UAV detection and neutralization proposed in recent research; nonetheless, all of them have serious disadvantages. The essential problems in the detection of UAVs is the small size of UAVs, weak radio wave reflection, weak radio signal, and sound emitting. The main problem of conventional UAV countermeasures is the short detection and neutralization range. The authors propose the concept of the airborne counter-UAV platform (consisting of several vehicles) with radar. We use a low-cost marine radar with a high resolution 2 m wide antenna, embedded into the wing. Radar scanning is implemented by changing the heading of the aircraft. For the countermeasures, the authors suggest using a small rotorcraft UAV carried by a bigger fixed-wing one. A mathematical model that allows the calculation of the coordinates of the detected drone while scanning the environment in a moving UAV with radar was created. Furthermore, the results of integrated radar performance with a detected drone and the results of successful neutralization experiments of different UAVs were achieved.
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Bithas, Petros S., Viktor Nikolaidis, Athanasios G. Kanatas, and George K. Karagiannidis. "UAV-to-Ground Communications: Channel Modeling and UAV Selection." IEEE Transactions on Communications 68, no. 8 (August 2020): 5135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2020.2992040.
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Bagas.A, Hernanda, Erwan Eko Prasetiyo, and Erwhin Irmawan. "RANCANG BANGUN INDIKATOR PARAMETER BATERAI UNTUK PESAWAT TANPA AWAK MENGGUNAKAN SENSOR MAX 471 SECARA NIRKABEL." Teknika STTKD: Jurnal Teknik, Elektronik, Engine 7, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.56521/teknika.v7i2.317.
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Abstrak
UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) didefinisikan sebagai pesawat tanpa awak. UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) merupakan salah satu teknologi yang sedang mengalami perkembangan yang pesat dan memiliki potensi yang sangat besar, baik untuk keperluan militer maupun sipil. UAV dapat dioperasikan jarak jauh dengan mengunakan nergy remote control oleh pilot. Salah satu jenis UAV adalah quadcopter. Sumber tenaga (energy) dari UAVyaitu baterai, baterai merupakan salah satu bagian dari UAV, peran baterai bagi UAV yaitu menyimpan tenaga listrik dan mendistribusikan listrik selama UAV digunakan. Baterai memegang pernan penting bagi UAV karena semua komponen/unit bergantung pada komponen ini.jika baterai mengalami kegagalan/kerusakan maka seluruh komponen/unit akan terganggu. Dalam penggunaan UAV sering kali terjadi UAV jatuh secara tiba tiba karena kehabisan baterai. Faktor ini dikarenakan kurangnya fitur untuk mengontrol atau mengetahui kondisi baterai. Dalam penelitian ini dirancang suatu alat yang dimana alat ini dapat membantu pengguna UAV untuk mengatahui/memantau kondisi baterai pada saat UAV digunkan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian, didapatkan kekuatan sensor dalam mengukur arus sebesar 99,14%, tegangan sebesar 99,30%, dan daya sebesar 94,33%. Tingkat keakuratan dalam mengukur sisa baterai sebesar 97,88%. Rancangan mampu mengukur baterai hingga jarak 37 meter.
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Kim, Si-Wan, Min-Hui Jang, Dong-Seong Kim, and Jae-Min Lee. "Backup UAV-Based Multi-UAV Network Recovery Scheme Applying CSMA/CA." Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences 47, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2022.47.2.261.
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Jačionis, Tomas. "MODERN METHODS FOR DETECTION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 12 (February 19, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2020.11435.
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Most recent Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) detection methods are discussed in the article. Detection of UAV principles are pointed out during the overview. Brief advantages of each technique is covered and compared in between. Key technological limitations of each technique is pointed out and discussed. Several most recent and actual UAV threat accidents are presented with the indication of the used counter UAV systems. New upcoming threat of “Kamikaze” (selfdestructive) UAV and their detection limitations are presented. Case studies on the hybrid counter drone technology interactions are covered. In this article, important civil and military types of UAV propulsion are covered. Design features and future consumer demands, are analyzed, aiming at UAV components which are mandatory to perform a flight. Using recently published articles energy sources and thrust power plants are analyzed. UAV detection principles, that include audio signal signature analysis, aerial object video tracking, thermal heat signature analysis, radar systems, radio frequency spectrum and data packet communication detection are covered, pointing out their advantages and limitations. Conclusions are drawn taking into account future perspective of the UAV technology developments and upcoming future threats of the highest impact. Evaluation of most actual recent articles is made in order to overview weak points of the counter UAV system development techniques. Finally future UAV technology development is analyzed and main safety related threats are indicated. Slowly developing UAV components are indicated, putting more attention on possible UAV detection methods, where UAV mandatory components will not become obsolete.
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Meng, Lingxuan, Zhixing Peng, Ji Zhou, Jirong Zhang, Zhenyu Lu, Andreas Baumann, and Yan Du. "Real-Time Detection of Ground Objects Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Remote Sensing with Deep Learning: Application in Excavator Detection for Pipeline Safety." Remote Sensing 12, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12010182.
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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing and deep learning provide a practical approach to object detection. However, most of the current approaches for processing UAV remote-sensing data cannot carry out object detection in real time for emergencies, such as firefighting. This study proposes a new approach for integrating UAV remote sensing and deep learning for the real-time detection of ground objects. Excavators, which usually threaten pipeline safety, are selected as the target object. A widely used deep-learning algorithm, namely You Only Look Once V3, is first used to train the excavator detection model on a workstation and then deployed on an embedded board that is carried by a UAV. The recall rate of the trained excavator detection model is 99.4%, demonstrating that the trained model has a very high accuracy. Then, the UAV for an excavator detection system (UAV-ED) is further constructed for operational application. UAV-ED is composed of a UAV Control Module, a UAV Module, and a Warning Module. A UAV experiment with different scenarios was conducted to evaluate the performance of the UAV-ED. The whole process from the UAV observation of an excavator to the Warning Module (350 km away from the testing area) receiving the detection results only lasted about 1.15 s. Thus, the UAV-ED system has good performance and would benefit the management of pipeline safety.
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Puliti, Stefano, Jonathan P. Dash, Michael S. Watt, Johannes Breidenbach, and Grant D. Pearse. "A comparison of UAV laser scanning, photogrammetry and airborne laser scanning for precision inventory of small-forest properties." Forestry: An International Journal of Forest Research 93, no. 1 (December 2, 2019): 150–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpz057.
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Abstract This study addresses the use of multiple sources of auxiliary data from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data for inference on key biophysical parameters in small forest properties (5–300 ha). We compared the precision of the estimates using plot data alone under a design-based inference with model-based estimates that include plot data and the following four types of auxiliary data: (1) terrain-independent variables from UAV photogrammetric data (UAV-SfM); (2) variables obtained from UAV photogrammetric data normalized using external terrain data (UAV-SfMDTM); (3) UAV-LS and (4) ALS data. The inclusion of remotely sensed data increased the precision of DB estimates by factors of 1.5–2.2. The optimal data sources for top height, stem density, basal area and total stem volume were: UAV-LS, UAV-SfM, UAV-SfMDTM and UAV-SfMDTM. We conclude that the use of UAV data can increase the precision of stand-level estimates even under intensive field sampling conditions.
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Liu, Yuhang. "Enhanced stability of aerial refueling process of UAV based on fuzzy PID." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2646, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2646/1/012029.
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Abstract This essay aims to study UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) aerial refueling technology, and by understanding the control analysis of aerial UAV refueling by comparing multiple R&D(Research And Development) teams, a more practical and feasible method is obtained, that is, through the discussion and design of UAV motion modeling, UAV trajectory tracking control system, fuzzy PID(proportion integral derivative) controller design, etc., the purpose of UAV aerial refueling is finally achieved, and the time of UAV is increased to enhance the stability and durability of UAV in air operation.
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Kovalenko, V., A. Rodakov, and A. S. Muthanna. "AN ENERGY-EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR SERVICE MIGRATION IN UAV NETWORKS." Telecom IT 9, no. 3 (December 15, 2021): 34–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31854/2307-1303-2021-9-3-34-47.
Full textAbstract:
Research subject is developing an algorithm (sequence of actions) performed when the charge of the internal battery of the UAV is reduced to migrate services from one UAV to another and move the UAV to the charging zones of the internal battery. Research method. Studying the ways of organizing the architecture of networks with UAVs, UAV applications; consideration of various ways to implement an SDN controller: at a ground Base Station, on a fixed balloon, at the head node, on all UAVs of one cluster and implementation using several controllers of different levels; identification of the main advantages from the use of the SDN concept in UAV systems. Core results. 4 ways of using UAVs are described in detail, as well as the main functions that should be implemented in the UAV cluster to perform tasks in all 4 areas of application, as well as to implement the SDN concept in the flying segment; possible ways of implementing the SDN controller in networks with UAVs are considered; the main advantages obtained in UAV systems when implementing the SDN concept are presented; theoretically substantiated the need to migrate services from one UAV to another and the inexpediency of implementing all functions on each UAV: the charge of the internal UAV battery is limited, and the more services or functions are implemented on the UAV, the more power consumption; an algorithm (sequence of actions) is proposed that will be performed when the internal battery of the UAV is discharged. This algorithm includes the following processes: the process of determining the UAV for subsequent service migration, the process of determining the service migration route, as well as the processes for sending the UAV to recharge the built-in battery, and upon returning the UAV to the state of performing the tasks assigned to it. Practical relevance. The article contains a detailed description of the ways of organizing the UAV architecture, the main areas of UAV application, as well as the advantages obtained in UAV systems when implementing the SDN concept. Also useful is information on possible ways to implement the SDN controller. The presented algorithm (sequence of actions) for the implementation of the migration of services and the movement of the UAV to the recharge zones in the future can be applied in practice when the charge of the built-in UAV battery is reduced to a certain level.
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Wang, Changyu, Weili Yu, Jinrong Lu, Fusheng Zhu, Lihua Fan, and Shengping Li. "UAV-Based Physical-Layer Intelligent Technologies for 5G-Enabled Internet of Things: A Survey." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (January 28, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4351518.
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In recent years, the utilization and application of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) have attracted much attention, both from academy and industry. UAVs have been widely used in many practical communication scenarios, due to its high flexibility, high mobility, and low cost. Therefore, this paper addresses the key technologies of UAV communication and reviews the current research status, from various aspects including UAV communication transmission, UAV formation control and networking, UAV resource allocation, and intelligent communication from artificial intelligence algorithms. Then, artificial intelligence is introduced into multiple aspects of UAV communication, including channel transmission, control and networking, and resource scheduling, to organically integrate artificial intelligence into UAV communication, which can help reduce the complexity of communication algorithms and improve system spectrum efficiency. This paper will help improve the efficiency of UAV communication and promote the development of UAV-related industries.
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Bolick, Madeleine M., Elena A. Mikhailova, and Christopher J. Post. "Teaching Innovation in STEM Education Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)." Education Sciences 12, no. 3 (March 18, 2022): 224. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci12030224.
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The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has increased in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) professions. This means there is a growing need to integrate UAV training into STEM education. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a UAV education module and laboratory exercise for natural resource science students. The study used a series of reusable learning objects (RLOs) to assess students’ prior knowledge of remote sensing and UAVs. Students were taught the steps of UAV data acquisition and processing through lectures and UAV simulation videos. Students applied this knowledge by completing a laboratory exercise that used previously collected UAV data. Student knowledge retention and understanding were evaluated using an online quiz to determine the effectiveness of the education module. The average quiz score was 92%, indicating that the UAV laboratory exercise effectively taught students about UAV data acquisition and processing for natural resource research. Overall, students expressed positive opinions about the UAV education module. Student feedback indicated that the laboratory exercise was engaging, but some students would have preferred a hands-on experience for some parts of the exercise. However, in-person UAV instruction may not be accessible for all educators because of UAV cost or lack of instructor training. This study provides educators with crucial recommendations for designing UAV exercises to improve access to UAV-related educational content. This study indicates that online training can effectively introduce students to UAVs. Given the wide range of UAV uses across STEM fields, students in many STEM disciplines would benefit from UAV education.
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Soedjarwanto, Noer. "Rancang Bangun Boost Converter Untuk Charging Baterai Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Bertenaga Surya." Electrician 13, no. 3 (October 25, 2019): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/elc.v13n3.2129.
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Abstrak — Saat UAV melakukan suatu misi, UAV dituntut untuk memiliki durasi terbang yang lama sehingga misi yang dikerjakan akan bisa selesai. Durasi terbang yang pendek akan menyebabkan pekerjaan menjadi lebih lama selesainya. Konsumsi daya yang tinggi dibandingkan dengan kemampuan penyimpanan energinya yang terbatas, akan menyebabkan durasi terbang menjadi pendek. Salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan durasi penerbangan yaitu dengan menambahkan panel surya sebagai sumber energi tambahan. Dengan Adanya sumber energi lain yaitu menggunakan panel surya pada sistem charging baterai untuk menyuplai energi pada sistem daya di UAV, maka UAV dapat digunakan ke beban dan sekaligus dapat melakukan charging baterai. Sehingga durasi terbang dari UAV bertambah lebih lama dan memudahkan para pilot UAV atau pengguna UAV dalam melakukan charging baterai. Sistem charging baterai pada UAV bertenaga surya menggunakan DC-DC konverter yaitu boost converter. Boost converter dipilih karena dapat menghasilkan tegangan keluaran yang lebih besar dari tegangan sumber, dengan cara mengendalikan sinyal PWM (Pulse Widht Modulation). UAV tanpa panel surya hanya memiliki estimasi durasi terbang hanya 1 jam. Dengan menambah sistem charging baterai baterai pada UAV bertenaga surya estimasi durasi terbang menjadi 90 menit.
Kata kunci — UAV, DC-DC Konverter, Boost Converter , Panel Surya.
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Aji, Antonius Raditya Seno, and Djurdjani Djurdjani. "Perbandingan Volume Stockpile Batu Bara Hasil UAV Fotogrametri dan UAV Lidar." JGISE: Journal of Geospatial Information Science and Engineering 5, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jgise.78295.
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Survei volumetrik merupakan kegiatan rutin yang memiliki fungsi pengawasan dalam area stockpile (tumpukan material) batu bara. Karena itu hasil pengukuran volume yang akurat sangat diperlukan. Akurasi pengukuran volume ditentukan oleh metode dan peralatan yang digunakan. Perangkat survei yang umum digunakan dalam pengukuran volume adalah alat Total Station (TS), GPS/ GNSS, atau Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Pemanfaatan wahana Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) metode fotogrametri dan Light Detection and Ranging (Lidar) populer digunakan untuk pengukuran volume stockpile. Karakteristik tekstur dan warna pada stockpile batu bara yang cenderung homogen menjadi tantangan dalam pengambilan data fotogrametri. Penelitian dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil hitungan volume dari akuisisi data UAV Fotogrametri, UAV Lidar, dan survei GPS yang dilakukan pada periode waktu yang sama. Uji volume dilakukan dengan membandingkan volume keseluruhan (bulk volume) hasil UAV Fotogrametri, UAV Lidar, dan survei GPS merujuk pada ASTM D6172-98. Uji-t juga dilakukan dengan data volume blok uji hasil UAV Fotogrametri dengan UAV Lidar menggunakan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil uji signifikansi antara blok uji UAV Fotogrametri dengan UAV Lidar menunjukan bahwa selisih hitungan volume kedua metode berbeda secara signifikan. Artinya pengukuran volume dengan UAV Lidar tidak bisa disamakan dengan UAV Fotogrametri, dan metode UAV Lidar disarankan untuk pengukuran stockpile batu bara. Tahapan image matching yang tidak maksimal menjadi faktor volume UAV Fotogrametri tidak masuk toleransi, yang disebabkan adanya under-exposure dan over-exposure pada hasil foto udara serta citra stockpile yang umumnya homogen.