Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tyred wheels

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Tyred wheels'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Tyred wheels"

1

Reina, S., D. A. Hills, and D. Dini. "Incipient Slip Conditions in the Rolling Contact of Tyred Wheels." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, no. 10 (April 22, 2010): 2049–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes2075.

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The contact problem of a driving tyred wheel, pressed and rolling over an elastically similar half-plane, is considered. Although applicable to a wide range of shrink-fitted assemblies, the simplified model is solved to study the practical case of an elastically similar steel tyre mounted on a locomotive steel wheel subjected to tractive rolling. The behaviour of the system at the tyre—substrate interface is studied using closed-form solutions to calculate the state of stress within the tyre. Conditions leading to incipient slip and/or plasticity are identified and mapped for different loads and geometries.
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Wise, S. "Railway Wheelsets—a Critical Review." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Transport Engineering 201, no. 4 (October 1987): 257–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/pime_proc_1987_201_185_02.

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This paper gives a brief history of the evolution of wheelsets and then outlines the changes that have occurred in their design in the last 30 years, mainly due to the change to diesel and electric traction. Technical problems are discussed and the principal lines of research which have been followed are described. As a result, tyred wheel centres have largely been replaced by monobloc wheels with hardened treads, disc brakes have been introduced and the unmachined cast steel wheel has become a serious competitor to the traditional forged and rolled wheel. Of great importance is the introduction of computer analysis of wheel stresses which has led to modifications to the wheelset to reduce stress and to set limiting values.
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Sedlák, Pavel, and František Bauer. "Effect of contact surface of tyres on tractor pulling properties." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 52, no. 1 (2004): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun200452010209.

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The paper presents a comparison of pulling properties of a prototype of three-axle tractor 6K6 with the classical tractor John Deere 8400. To compare differences in the contact surface of wheels the authors measured the area of tyres of tested tractors. It was found out that the contact surface of tyres of 6K6 tractor was larger by 62 % than that of John Deere 8400. Results of measurements performed on a stubble indicated that the drawbar pull force of 6K6 tractor was 70 kN while that of 4K4 only 58 kN (slippage of wheels was in both cases 40 %). It was concluded that although the weights of both tractors were comparable, a greater drawbar pull force of 6K6 tractor resulted from a larger contact area of tyres with soil surface. The maximum drawbar power of 6K6 tractor was measured at the speed ranging from 13 to 17 km.h-1. In case of John Deere 8400 tractor, the maximum drawbar power was recorded at speeds of 9 to 13 km.h-1.Wheels of the prototype 6K6 tractor were tyred with tyres 480/70 R 30. The equation of slippage curve was derived on the base of measured results and the coefficient of adhesion.
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Kozłowski, Maciej, and Włodzimierz Choromański. "PRT simulation research." Archives of Transport 27-28, no. 3-4 (December 31, 2013): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0004.0960.

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The paper presents analyses results of PRT vehicle driveability in a ¼ scale conducted with the application of a simulation model for a straight line driving conditions and when driving on a curve. The results of the present work will be used in the analysis of a physical motion model in a laboratory stand reflecting a railway system of the stand. The paper discusses the first stage of research in the process of virtual pre-prototyping which is to be finalized with the construction of a non-commercial vehicle prototype. In the construction of the simulation model, particular attention has been paid to three issues. First of all, a correct description of design features connected with the lack of so called centring mechanism – and not profiled tyred wheels independently embedded in the axes of the set. Secondly, a proper description of a turning mechanism with the use of a leading rollers system alongside the rail edge. Thirdly, the use of linear motor for the vehicle drive. The simulation model has been developed within MBS environment. For the description of tyred wheels, the library of TNO Delft Tyre has been used. Vehicle motion stability has been tested on the straight and curved track sections. The research has been financed within the framework of ECO mobility project.
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Alroqi, Abdurrhman A., and Wei Ji Wang. "Reduction of Aircraft Tyre Wear by Pre-Rotating Wheel Using ANSYS Mechanical Transient." Advanced Engineering Forum 17 (June 2016): 89–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.17.89.

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Heavy aircraft main landing gear tyres skid immediately after touchdown as result of the high slip ratio between the tyres and runway, which lead to tyre wear and smoke. In this paper, the tyre wear is modelled on the Archard theory using ANSYS mechanical transient, to reveal the wheel’s dynamic and the tyre tread wear. The wheel’s dynamic and the amount of wear are calculated for initially static and for pre-spun wheels in order to find the effectiveness of the technique of pre-spinning the wheel, as suggested by many patents since the early days of airplane use, in order to eliminate aircraft landing wear and smoke.
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Subel, Joshua, and Frank W. Kienhöfer. "Thermal comparison of heavy vehicle wheel assemblies under alpine braking." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 234, no. 1 (May 3, 2019): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407019844359.

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Overheating brakes cause brake fade, tyre blowouts and vehicle fires, but no study has investigated the influence of wheel configuration or rim material on these catastrophic failures. Laboratory measurements of the transient thermal response of heavy vehicle wheel assemblies to [Formula: see text] of alpine friction braking are presented; comparing brake and tyre temperature when using dual and single wheels with steel and aluminium rims. Under an averaged braking power of [Formula: see text], the final temperature increase of the brake was [Formula: see text] (3.7%) higher when using steel versus aluminium rims. The final increase in maximum tyre temperature was [Formula: see text] (16%) higher when using aluminium versus steel rims and [Formula: see text] (76%) higher when using single versus dual wheels. The greater thermal conductivity and cross-sectional area of the aluminium rims relative to the steel rims reduce the thermal resistance of braking heat flowing into the tyre; leading to higher tyre temperature when using aluminium rims. Dual rims and tyres have larger surface areas than singles which convect more heat to the air at lower temperatures; leading to cooler tyres when using dual wheels. The higher thermal diffusivity of aluminium and lower thermal capacities of single wheels also cause tyre temperature to rise more rapidly than when using steel rims or dual wheels. These results indicate that the risk of tyres overheating (which could lead to blowout) from extended use of the brakes is increased when using single wheels compared to dual wheels and further exacerbated by using aluminium rims compared to steel rims.
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Mazur, Vladimir. "Experimental research in automobile non-pneumatic tire force heterogeneity." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 02019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822402019.

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Simplicity and high efficiency of a wheeled mover as a mechanism for converting rotational motion into a translatory one have conditioned its wide application in overland machines including motor vehicles. However a wheel with a non-pneumatic tyre (NPT) has a sufficient drawback lying in termination of a wheeled machine movement at the excess air pressure loss. Moreover, the loss of excess air pressure in a pneumatic tyre of traditional design at high speed of movement of a motor vehicle can lead to a traffic accident with heavy consequences. The stop of a motor vehicle to change a wheel on a heavy traffic roadway or roadside also poses a threat. These reasons determine the necessity of both well-known design improvements and search for the new wheeled mover design solutions to enhance a motor vehicle safety, the use of wheels with non-pneumatic tyres of elastic polymeric materials being one of them. Safety enhancement by means of non-pneumatic tyre use along with keeping the high performance of wheeled machine operational properties, is an important scientific and technical task that determines the research urgency.
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Morrish, L., M. P. Cartmell, and A. J. Taylor. "Geometry and kinematics of multicable spreader lifting gear." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 211, no. 3 (March 1, 1997): 185–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954406971521764.

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This paper presents a novel theoretical study of the geometry and derived kinematics of a typical multicable suspension system as encountered on a rubber tyred gantry (RTG) crane. Machines of this sort are used extensively in the international container handling business but, to date, little has been known about the precise motions of cable suspended spreaders other than general intuitions about fore—aft, lateral and rotational oscillations. Such motions are initiated by driver-controlled motion of the gantry itself (by torques applied to the driving wheels) and by across-the-vehicle motions of the trolley from which the spreader and container payload are suspended. The work reported here shows the complete derivation for spreader coordinates, relative to the trolley, for any translational and/or rotational displacement. Conventional geometrical and trigonometrical principles are used throughout the development. This research forms an integral part of a larger programme of work to propose strategies for accurate spreader motion control based on non-linear dynamic models.
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Takács, Dénes, and Gábor Stépán. "Contact patch memory of tyres leading to lateral vibrations of four-wheeled vehicles." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, no. 1993 (June 28, 2013): 20120427. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0427.

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It has been shown recently that the shimmy motion of towed wheels can be predicted in a wide range of parameters by means of the so-called memory effect of tyres. This delay effect is related to the existence of a travelling-wave-like motion of the tyre points in contact with the ground relative to the wheel. This study shows that the dynamics within the small-scale contact patch can have an essential effect on the global dynamics of a four-wheeled automobile on a large scale. The stability charts identify narrow parameter regions of increased fuel consumption and tyre noise with the help of the delay models that are effective tools in dynamical problems through multiple scales.
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Abrahám, Rudolf, Tomáš Zubčák, Radoslav Majdan, Katarína Kollárová, Eva Matejková, Soňa Masarovičová, and Róbert Drlička. "Drawbar Performance of Tractor Tyres with Steel Spikes At 100%-Wheel Slip." Acta Technologica Agriculturae 25, no. 2 (June 1, 2022): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ata-2022-0016.

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Abstract A driving wheel is a part of a tractor, which transmits forces from a tyre to the ground. Therefore, it affects the tractor movement and the pulling of an implement. The paper is aimed at a tractive performance evaluation of special driving wheels based on drawbar pull at 100%-slip. These wheels consist of steel spikes to be applied in the base or working position. The design is characterized by the spikes placed in a tyre-tread pattern. The rubber lugs of the tyre are higher than spikes, therefore, they are not in contact with the ground in the base position. The spikes in the working position exceed the tyre diameter to be in contact with the ground. Tests were performed on a grass plot at a relatively low soil moisture. The spike tyres were compared with the standard tyres using a sub-compact tractor. An increase in drawbar pull reached a statistically significant value of 15.9% in the 2nd gear and 16.7% in the 1st gear.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tyred wheels"

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Vaculík, František. "Proces opravy dvojkolí." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229511.

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Diploma work describes in its theoretical part particular types of pairs of wheels used on railway vehicles in Czech Republic as well as their components and assembly instructions. Practical part describes workplace for wheels in reparation DPOV, a.s. at repairing centre Nymburk, its facilities and repairing possibilities by total repair of pairs of wheels. Practical part brings at the end particular report with results of pairs of wheels measuring.
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Ward, Michael James. "Practical models for ring-rolling of railway wheels and tyres." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616283.

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The ring-rolling process was first developed in the UK in the mid nineteenth century and is still widely used as the preferred method of forming seamless rings for many aerospace and automotive applications, as well as for producing railway wheels and tyres. This thesis describes the development of a finite element based mathematical model that can be used to simulate the process. The model has been developed with the intention of practical application within railway wheel manufacturer Adtranz New Wheel Products Division. A detailed review of previous research on the process is presented. The key observation from that review is that all attempts at modelling ring rolling have suffered from severe run time difficulties which are predominantly due to lack of constraint and the large number of increments required to complete a simulation. Based on this fact the focus of development activities has been on identifying ways in which the simulation can be run in realistic time frames. The usefulness of a simplified 2D method is assessed, with the conclusion that while some beneficial information might be gained by such an approach, 3D simulation is the only way of fully representing material deformation during the process. Attempts at improving run time of 3D modelling have focused on two main areas. Firstly an efficient arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian finite element flow formulation has been adopted. This gives the advantages of allowing mesh density to be concentrated on roll gap regions, and removing some of the convergence problems associated with frequent contact changes. Secondly the issue of solution of the discretised flow formulation equations is examined in some detail. A range of well known solution methods are considered as potential ways of improving on direct methods, with limited success. Significant potential benefits are found to result however from a new approach, the successive preconditioned conjugate gradient method. This method, together with tests of its effectiveness, is described in some detail. The resulting model is tested against experimental work performed by previous authors. Attempts to integrate the work into Adtranz are also described. These have included consideration of usability and management issues, and illustrative case studies.
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Guo, H. "An investigation into the finite element modelling of an aircraft tyre and wheel assembly." Thesis, Coventry University, 2014. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/94ff9a61-2e93-49e0-880f-0586b0244dfe/1.

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This thesis reports the investigation into the modelling and simulation of an aircraft tyre and wheel assembly in finite element environment. The finite element simulations basing on aircraft tyre test and operational scenarios could predict the loads transferred from tyre and the stresses distributed to the wheel rim. The virtual analysis could assess the safety criteria of different tyre structures, which would lead to the cost and time circle reduction in tyre R&D process. An H41x16.0R20 radial ply aircraft test tyre and its corresponding test wheel, provided by Dunlop Aircraft Tyres Limited, are adopted as the subject of this research. The material properties, especially the rubber and fabric materials, have been investigated. The finite element hyperelastic models have been utilized to represent rubbers and been correlated to experimental data. The 2D and 3D finite element tyre models, along with the finite element wheel models are created in the commercial finite element code, LS-Dyna. The finite element models have been validated with either industrial standardised simulation results or experimental data. Basing on the validated models, simulations that duplicating static test and dynamic operational scenarios have been developed. The researches have provided knowledge in comparing single and double bead tyre designs with respect to wheel loading mechanisms. The computational model also allowed manufacturers to assess the performance and safety criteria of a particular tyre at its design stage. The development of such models would add to the general drive towards the use of more virtual prototypes in an area traditionally reliant on experimental testing.
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Tsinias, Vasileios. "A hybrid approach to tyre modelling based on modal testing and non-linear tyre-wheel motion." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17852.

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The current state-of-the-art tyre models tend to be demanding in parameterisation terms, typically requiring extensive and expensive testing, and computational power. Consequently, an alternative parameterisation approach, which also allows for the separation of model fidelity from computational demand, is essential. Based on the above, a tyre model is introduced in this work. Tyre motion is separated into two components, the first being the non-linear global motion of the tyre as a rigid body and the second being the linear local deformation of each node. The resulting system of differential equations of motion consists of a reduced number of equations, depending on the number of rigid and elastic modes considered rather than the degrees of freedom. These equations are populated by the eigenvectors and the eigenvalues of the elastic tyre modes, the eigenvectors corresponding to the rigid tyre modes and the inertia properties of the tyre. The contact sub-model consists of bristles attached to each belt node. Shear forces generated in the contact area are calculated by a distributed LuGre friction model while vertical tread dynamics are obtained by the vertical motion of the contact nodes and the corresponding bristle stiffness and damping characteristics. To populate the abovementioned system of differential equations, the modal properties of the rigid and the elastic belt modes are required. In the context of the present work, rigid belt modes are calculated analytically, while in-plane and out-of-plane elastic belt modes are identified experimentally by performing modal testing on the physical tyre. To this end, the eigenvalue of any particular mode is obtained by fitting a rational fraction polynomial expression to frequency response data surrounding that mode. The eigenvector calculation requires a different approach as typically modes located in the vicinity of the examined mode have an effect on the apparent residue. Consequently, an alternative method has been developed which takes into account the out-of-band modes leading to identified residues representing only the modes of interest. The validation of the proposed modelling approach is performed by comparing simulation results to experimental data and trends found in the literature. In terms of vertical stiffness, correlation with experimental data is achieved for a limited vertical load range, due to the nature of the identified modal properties. Moreover, the tyre model response to transient lateral slip is investigated for a range of longitudinal speeds and vertical loads, and the resulting relaxation length trends are compared with the relevant literature.
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O'Connell, Sean Paul. "A theoretical and experimental investigation of wheel shimmy." Thesis, University of Salford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308221.

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Sprot, Adam Joseph. "Open-wheel aerodynamics : effects of tyre deformation and internal flow." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7292/.

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Competitive performance of an F1 race car relies upon a well designed and highly developed aerodynamic system. In order to achieve this, total understanding of the downstream wake of exposed rotating wheels is essential. Components such as bargeboards and indeed much of the front wing are developed to provide pressure gradients and vortex structures to influence the wheel wake, ensuring high energy mass-flow to the sensitive leading edge of the underfloor and eventually the rear wing. Wind tunnel testing of model-scale deformable tyres has become a common occurrence in F1 in recent years although there is a significant lack of available literature, academic or otherwise, as to their use. This work has studied in detail the aerodynamic consequences which occur from the varying sidewall bulge and contact patch region making use of several techniques. These include scanning rotating tyre profiles under load, static contact patch size measurements, five-hole pressure probe wake measurements, particle image velocimetry (PIV) and load-cell drag measurements. CFD simulations utilising two industrial codes have also been performed to support the experimental work. Coordinates representing tyre profiles under a range of on-track conditions are available for other researchers to use as a basis for CFD studies. The work presented here includes a full range of representative on-track axle heights which far exceed the more conservative range usually tested in an industrial setting for longevity reasons. The most sensitive parameters for aerodynamic testing of wheels have been identified. For development of a full car, in decreasing order of priority, the following must be correctly matched to the realistic scenario: axle height, yaw condition (without glycerol - often used to reduce friction at the expense of a compromised tyre profile), camber angle, detailed internals, high inflation pressure, through-hub flow rate and least significantly the rotation of the internal brake rotor. The study of through-hub flows revealed that the external aerodynamic effect of the brake scoop inlet varies significantly with the amount of internal restriction. The pumping effect of the brake rotor was measured to be negligible compared to the restrictive effect of its internal passages and that leads to an effect known as inlet spillage with a negative cooling drag trend, whereby the drag of the wheel assembly decreases with increased through-hub flow.
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Reina, Saverio. "A study of layered contact problems with particular application to tyre-wheel interfaces." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5874.

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This thesis is concerned with the characterization of layered contact problems. The research project has been prompted by an investigation into creep, and ultimately, gross sliding, of rubber tyres fitted around steel wheels in earth moving equipment. In general, slippage between tyre and rim is experienced in common engineering applications employing tyred systems. A general and systematic approach for investigating the interfacial behaviour of tyred systems has consequently been proposed. Classical techniques together with novel numerical approaches based on advanced mathematical programming have been implemented to support the investigation. Creep between mating surfaces, frictional shakedown and measuring friction in partial slip condition are the main objects of investigation. The analytical and numerical models developed by the author have been complemented by experimental work, whose detailed description is also included in this thesis. Finally, further studies have been performed to shed light on some of the design issues offered by the threedimensional full-scale engineering application. The numerical approach based on finite element modelling used to tackle these aspects of the project and the experimental work carried out by the author to corroborate the numerical findings are also presented.
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Pugliese, Daniel Perussi 1983. "Não uniformidades de pneus e sua influência em baixas e altas velocidades." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265750.

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Orientador: José Roberto de França Arruda
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-28T12:34:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pugliese_DanielPerussi_M.pdf: 5689260 bytes, checksum: fc23e46a7c6b4785faef7e0a5f83078f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
Resumo: A não uniformidade em pneus esta associada com o seu processo de fabricação e afeta todos os tipos de pneus, mas é mais relevante em pneus de veículos de passeio, dado que este setor exige elevados níveis de conforto a altas velocidades. As forças dinâmicas devido à rotação dos pneus variam de acordo com a velocidade do veículo. Em certas velocidades podem excitar frequências naturais do sistema pneu-suspensão. Este trabalho explora os efeitos dinâmicos das não uniformidades de um conjunto de pneu-roda de um veiculo de passeio. Seu impacto sobre as forças da roda nas direções radiais, transversais e longitudinais, em baixas e altas velocidades são investigados tanto numérica quanto experimentalmente. A principal contribuição deste trabalho é a geração de um modelo tridimensional dinâmico para o estudo da não uniformidade. O modelo é construído utilizando o método dos elementos finitos. A validação do modelo é realizada utilizando-se o modelo de pneu comercial mais amplamente utilizado, e com uma campanha experimental significativa. Os resultados numéricos preveem os principais efeitos observados experimentalmente da não uniformidade do conjunto pneu-roda no sentido vertical e longitudinal. Este último predominante a elevadas velocidades. O modelo numérico é útil para a análise dinâmica virtual de diferentes tipos de não uniformidade
Abstract: Tire non-uniformity is associated with the production process and affects all types of tires, but is more relevant for passenger tires, as this sector requires high levels of comfort at the high speeds achieved by vehicles in this segment. Dynamic forces due to tire rotation vary with the vehicle speed. At certain speeds they can excite natural frequencies of the tire-suspension system. This work explores the dynamic effects of non-uniformities of a car tire-wheel assembly. Their impact on hub forces at the radial, lateral and longitudinal directions, at low and high speeds are investigated both numerically and experimentally. The main contribution of this work is the generation of a dynamic three-dimensional model for the study of tire non-uniformity. The model is built using the Finite Element Method. The model is validated with the most widely used commercial tire model and with a significant experimental campaign, which is also described in the paper. Numerical results predict the main experimentally observed effects of non-uniformity of the tire-wheel assembly in the vertical and longitudinal directions. The latter predominate at higher speeds. The numerical model is helpful for the virtual dynamic analysis of different types of non-uniformity
Mestrado
Mecanica dos Sólidos e Projeto Mecanico
Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Muleya, Franco. "Modelling wheeled construction plant performance in clay and sandy terrain : a terramechanics perspective." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2014. http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/550362/.

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This research has investigated the effect of tyre rutting of wheeled construction plant performance traversing in wet and deformable terrain, specifically clay and sand. The purpose was to translate the wheel rutting into performance reduction measured in drawbar-pull. The ultimate goal was to translate the power loss into practical effects on cost, time and other economic variations on construction projects that are characterised by movement of wheeled plant on long haulage deformable roads. In order to achieve this aim, mathematical modelling was deployed based on Newton’s laws of motion, principles of energy conservation and numerical integration. The model is based on a single rigid wheel because construction plant tyres are inflated to high pressure in order to support heavy loads thereby translating the flexible tyres into rigid mode. The results from the mathematical model were verified using a three stage robust verification process which included computational analysis based on two existing semi-empirical methods and real experimental data. Laboratory experiments using Mobility SF- 3713 were also used to check the validity of the results. The results from the mathematical model verify that a flexible tyre can operate in rigid mode if it encounters softer and wet ground. Results further indicate that the soil cohesion, angle of shearing resistance and moisture content play key roles in the subsequent power loss created by motion resistance. All the results from computational analysis and the experiments were found to be consistent with the mathematical model results. The study concludes that there is ample evidence to suggest that there is significant power loss associated with wheeled construction plant traversing in soft terrain which can be assessed. The study further concludes that a combination of economic decisions on variables must be considered with respect to existing ground conditions. This will considerably reduce uncertainty levels in cost and resource management on construction projects.
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Muleya, Franco. "Modelling wheeled construction plant performance in clay and sandy terrain: a terramechanics perspective." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2014. https://arro.anglia.ac.uk/id/eprint/550362/1/FRANCO%20MULEYA%20PHD%20FINAL%20COPY.pdf.

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This research has investigated the effect of tyre rutting of wheeled construction plant performance traversing in wet and deformable terrain, specifically clay and sand. The purpose was to translate the wheel rutting into performance reduction measured in drawbar-pull. The ultimate goal was to translate the power loss into practical effects on cost, time and other economic variations on construction projects that are characterised by movement of wheeled plant on long haulage deformable roads. In order to achieve this aim, mathematical modelling was deployed based on Newton’s laws of motion, principles of energy conservation and numerical integration. The model is based on a single rigid wheel because construction plant tyres are inflated to high pressure in order to support heavy loads thereby translating the flexible tyres into rigid mode. The results from the mathematical model were verified using a three stage robust verification process which included computational analysis based on two existing semi-empirical methods and real experimental data. Laboratory experiments using Mobility SF- 3713 were also used to check the validity of the results. The results from the mathematical model verify that a flexible tyre can operate in rigid mode if it encounters softer and wet ground. Results further indicate that the soil cohesion, angle of shearing resistance and moisture content play key roles in the subsequent power loss created by motion resistance. All the results from computational analysis and the experiments were found to be consistent with the mathematical model results. The study concludes that there is ample evidence to suggest that there is significant power loss associated with wheeled construction plant traversing in soft terrain which can be assessed. The study further concludes that a combination of economic decisions on variables must be considered with respect to existing ground conditions. This will considerably reduce uncertainty levels in cost and resource management on construction projects.
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Books on the topic "Tyred wheels"

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The man behind the wheel: How Onkar S. Kanwar created a global giant. New Delhi: Maven/Rupa, 2016.

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Bridgwater, Andrew Peter. Modelling of tyre modes for the prediction of vibrational inputs at vehicle wheels. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1997.

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Reimpell, Jörnsen. The automotive chassis: Engineering principles : chassis and vehicle overall, wheel suspensions and types of drive, axle kinematics and elastokinematics, steering, springing, tyres, construction and calculations advice. 2nd ed. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers, 2001.

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Reimpell, Jörnsen. The automotive chassis: Engineering principles : chassis and vehicle overall, wheel suspensions and types of drive, axle kinematics and elastokinematics, steering, springing, tyres, construction and calculations advice. 2nd ed. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann, 2001.

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5

Wheel and Tyre Data Book. Haynes Publishing, 1989.

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Keen, Rex. How to Be a Race Engineer: Volume 3 Tyres and Wheels. Independently Published, 2021.

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Geschenke, Mtb Tourbuch Mountainbike. Im Wheelie Wheelie Tyred: Mountainbike Logbuch/Tourbuch F�r Mountainbiker Mit Spruch. 120 Seiten. Perfektes Geschenk. Independently Published, 2019.

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Geschenke, Mtb Tourbuch Mountainbike. Im Wheelie Wheelie Tyred: Mountainbike Logbuch/Tourbuch F�r Mountainbiker Mit Spruch. 120 Seiten. Perfektes Geschenk. Independently Published, 2019.

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Geschenke, Mtb Tourbuch Mountainbike. Im Wheelie Wheelie Tyred: Mountainbike Logbuch/Tourbuch F�r Mountainbiker Mit Spruch. 120 Seiten. Perfektes Geschenk. Independently Published, 2019.

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Geschenke, Mtb Tourbuch Mountainbike. Im Wheelie Wheelie Tyred: Mountainbike Logbuch/Tourbuch F�r Mountainbiker Mit Spruch. 120 Seiten. Perfektes Geschenk. Independently Published, 2019.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tyred wheels"

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Dennis, R. A. "6. Wheels for motor vehicle tyres." In Making Wheels, 100–138. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442747.006.

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Awari, G. K., V. S. Kumbhar, and R. B. Tirpude. "Wheels and Tyres." In Automotive Systems, 211–30. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, LLC, 2021.: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003047636-12.

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Whipp, John, and Roy Brooks. "Tyres and Wheels." In Transmission, Chassis and Related Systems, 147–67. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12119-9_8.

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Whipp, John. "Tyres and Wheels." In Lecture’s Guide Transmission, Chassis and Related Systems Levels 2 and 3, 147–67. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12138-0_8.

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Dennis, R. A. "5. Manufacture of wheels to take bicycle and motorcycle tyres." In Making Wheels, 83–99. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780442747.005.

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Livesey, Andrew. "Road holding—wheels and tyres." In Bicycle Engineering and Technology, 45–56. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021.: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367816841-3.

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Trzesniowski, Michael. "Reifen und Räder Tyres and Wheels." In Fahrwerk, 1–67. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-15545-2_1.

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Trzesniowski, Michael. "Reifen und Räder Tyres and Wheels." In Fahrwerk, 1–81. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-26700-1_1.

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Trzesniowski, Michael. "Reifen und Räder Tyres and Wheels." In Rennwagentechnik, 199–253. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-04919-5_7.

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Trzesniowski, Michael. "G Reifen und Räder Tyres and Wheels." In Rennwagentechnik, 197–250. Wiesbaden: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8348-2209-3_7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tyred wheels"

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Ballo, Federico, Giorgio Previati, Massimiliano Gobbi, and Gianpiero Mastinu. "A Semi-Analytical Tyre Model for the Study of Tyre/Rim Interaction on a Road Vehicle." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67730.

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The paper is devoted to the study of a simplified model for passenger car tyres. The simplified model is mainly focused on the computation of the forces acting at the tyre/rim interface. A simple and reliable model able to predict such forces can be a valuable tool for wheels manufacturers, whose concerns are focused on the lightweight design of the wheel. The simplified model is based on a semi-analytical approach to model the tyre. The model, given a limited set of input parameters, computes the reaction forces acting at the tyre/rim interface under a vertical load. The input parameters can be identified by simple experimental tests on the tyre under consideration. Reaction forces obtained from the semi-analytical model are then compared against a more detailed finite-element model of the tyre.
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Braghin, Francesco, Federico Cheli, Emiliano Giangiulio, and Federico Mancosu. "A New Low-Cost System for Tyre-Road Force Measurements: Design and Validation." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35364.

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The measurement of tyre-road contact forces is the first step towards the development of new control systems for the improvement of vehicle safety and performances. At present, tyre-road contact force measurement systems are very expensive and modify the non suspended vehicle inertia due to their high mass and rotational inertia moment. Thus, vehicle dynamics is significantly affected. The measured contact forces are therefore not fully representative of the contact forces that the tyres will experience during real working conditions. A new low-cost tyre-road contact force measurement system has been developed that is installable on any type of wheel. Its working principle is based on the measurement of three deformations of the wheel. Through a dynamic calibration of the instrumented wheel it is possible to reconstruct all three contact force and torque components once per wheel turn. These forces are then sent to the vehicle chassis and may be used by on-board active control systems to improve vehicle safety and performances. Validation tests were carried out with a vehicle having all four wheels equipped with the low-cost tyre-road contact force measurement system. It was possible to reconstruct contact forces once per wheel turn in any working condition with a precision that is comparable to that of existing high-cost measurement systems ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5]).
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Ballo, Federico, Giampiero Mastinu, Giorgio Previati, and Massimiliano Gobbi. "Numerical Modelling of the Biaxial Fatigue Test of Aluminium Wheels." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22142.

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Abstract The paper is devoted to the numerical simulation of fatigue life of lightweight aluminium wheels subject to biaxial fatigue test. A numerical model based on finite elements is developed for the scope. The model receives as input the test load sequences and outputs the fatigue life of wheel. Two different methods for modelling the load transfer mechanism of the tyre have been analysed, i.e. how the tyre-drum contact forces are transferred to the wheel rim. The first method consists of a simple cosine loading function acting on a fixed arch of the wheel rim. The second method relies on a physical model of the tyre that is fixed at the tyre-rim interface surface; the computed reaction forces are fed as input to the wheel model. The fatigue life of the wheel is estimated by using the Palmgrem-Miner approach. Both the Sines fatigue criterion and the Papadopoulos critical plane with gradient effect criterion are used and the results are compared. Experimental tests have been performed on an actual wheel mounted on the biaxial test bench for a preliminary validation of the method.
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Jackson, Andrew, Michael Brown, David Crolla, Adrian Woodhouse, and Michael Parsons. "Utilising the Potential of Individual Wheel Control on a 6x6 Off-Road Vehicle." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/de-23279.

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Abstract This paper will present a form of mobility control for a 6x6 Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV). The vehicle concerned is a series configured HEV utilising Hub Mounted Electric Drives (HMED) at each of the six wheel stations to provide Individual Wheel Control (IWC). Whereas a conventional vehicle needs individual brake actuators or bulky differentials to vary individual wheel torques, IWC can be realised in this hybrid configuration through software control of each HMED, making it potentially more accurate, responsive and flexible than a mechanically implemented version. Direct Yaw-moment Control (DYC) is a method of regulating individual wheel torque to control vehicle yaw motion, providing greater stability in cornering. By varying the torque applied to the left and right wheels, tyre forces can be controlled to produce a desired yaw moment. Not only can this be used to aid cornering, but also to reject disturbances, such as side winds, in straight line running. When combined with a Traction Control System (TCS), optimisation of these tyre forces are considered, ensuring that the vehicle handling characteristics remain stable while acceleration performance is improved. When integrating these two systems, consideration is given to the torque demands of each controller. This co-ordinated control ensures that the vehicle takes full advantage of the torque capabilities associated with the electric motor to provide improved vehicle handling, acceleration and stability. The proposed control algorithms are implemented in MATLAB/SIMULINK on a basic non-linear vehicle handling model utilising a Dugoff tyre model to determine longitudinal and lateral tyre forces. The torque of each individual wheel is controlled to maintain a desired yaw rate and/or wheel slip. The model is then simulated on a number of road surfaces, undertaking a variety of test manoeuvres to assess the potential improvements that the combined controller can offer over a vehicle with fixed-torque distribution. The paper shows how the resultant controller offers a robust method of improving vehicle mobility, providing good stability under varying conditions.
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Craighead, I. A. "Tyre pressure, damper condition and wheel balance assessment from vibration measurements." In IEE Colloquium on Tyre Monitoring. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19970276.

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Kulkarni, Ambarish, and Ajay Kapoor. "Virtual Tools for Safety and Ergonomic Evaluations of Electric Vehicle Architecture." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63045.

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Electric vehicles (EV’s) are alternative fuel technology in auto industry with wide acceptance across globe. This paper elaborates virtual methods used to as tool for safety and ergonomic evaluations of in wheel design using Switch Reluctance Motor (SRM). In our recent research, a unique design of in wheel design using SRM has been developed. Special advantages of this design include modularity, scalability, cost effectiveness, and easy installation. Easy installation of in wheel design architecture is one of the prime criteria, since it relates to changing of tyres in long runs. In the proposed passenger car, if work is carried out for maintenance issues, generally single operator (mechanic) dose tyre changing or wheel/brake servicing. Two validations are important, mainly safety of the operator; secondly design for assembly of motor, and tyre rims. As a part of this research, Virtual Reality (VR) based safety and ergonomic evaluation studies have been conducted for the in wheel design adaptations. The computational models and virtual modelling simulations using motion capture, Arena and EON reality mimicked live system environments, so as to validate effectiveness motor assembly and disassembly functionality using human as an interface. Initial phase consists of schematic representations of models to evaluate conceptualisation for different designs. Based on schematics, SR motor and rim tyre models were developed and interfaced in VR environment. In second phase, vehicle topology was reverse engineered using hand held 3D scanner and converted to metafile for full scale model development. In third phase, motion capture was used with 20 camera systems to video record the existing human movements and rigid body such as tyre to develop live environment. Finally all three phases were interfaced together in VR environment to evaluate assembly and disassembly functions. Based on the validation of these, designs were fine tuned for effective assembly functionality. The VR based safety and ergonomic evaluation procedures were used for demonstration of wheel assembly disassembly functions by single operator. Similar context can be extended to other automotive design evaluations, without substantial prototype costs for safety and ergonomic evaluations.
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Ballo, Federico, Massimiliano Gobbi, Giampiero Mastinu, and Giorgio Previati. "A Test Rig for the Accurate Measurement of Bicycle Tyres Characteristics." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22141.

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Abstract In this paper, a new test rig for measuring the characteristics of bicycle tyres is presented. The test rig is designed to measure the parameters of a wide range of bicycle tyres, including race bicycles, mountain-bikes and city-bikes. The test rig consists of a frame that allows a single wheel to be cambered and steered. Electric motors can be added to produce longitudinal slip. The test rig is conceived to be employed either on a drum or on a flat surface. The friction on the drum or on the flat surface can be varied in a relatively easy way. The test rig can measure the vertical force, the lateral force, the self aligning torque, the moment around the longitudinal axis, and, after proper arrangement, the longitudinal force. The steering and camber axles of the test rig intersect at the centre of the contact patch. In this way, the vertical vibrations of the wheel cause a pure vertical motion of the centre of the contact patch i.e. without longitudinal velocity. The lateral force is measured by a Watt’s linkage. The steering motion is allowed by pneumatic bearings, which guarantee a vanishing friction moment and thus an accurate measurement of the self-aligning moment. Some measured tyre characteristics are provided.
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Garci´a-Pozuelo Ramos, Daniel, Vicente Di´az Lo´pez, and Mari´a Jesu´s Lo´pez Boada. "A Contact Model Between Tyre and Pavement at Low Speed for Periodic Motor Vehicle Inspection." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12558.

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The behaviour of the tyre plays an important role in the vehicle handling. Thus for the analysis of vehicles and road safety it is necessary to take into account the forces and moments generated at contact patch. An accurate tyre model that estimates these forces and moments is highly essential for the studies of vehicle dynamics and control. Most of the tyre models have been developed for high speed, combined forces, etc. But, usually, automobile vehicles run at low speeds during an important part of their operating life (less than 60 km/h) and in steady state conditions. Furthermore, during vehicle inspection and maintenance of the steering and brake system, by means of sideslip tester and roller brake tester respectively, the forces transmitted by the tyres are measured, all of these inspections are carried out at low speeds. Therefore, it is particularly interesting to develop a model of the contact patch tyre-pavement for low speeds without the complexity of models that cover a wide speed range but with a bigger precision at low speeds. The dynamometer plate has proved to be an appropriate test equipment to characterise the tyre-pavement contact at low speed and the steering geometry and wheel alignment. It has the feature of being able to carry out tests for any type of tyre allowing to test with a great flexibility and operating speed. For this reason, the dynamometer plate has been chosen as test equipment. The main aim of this research is to set up a contact model between tyre and pavement at low speed, based on the measurement of longitudinal and lateral forces. The experimental tests carried out by means of the dynamometer plate have allowed to establish a relationship between influence variables and the longitudinal and lateral forces in the contact patch for steady state low speeds. A sensibility study has shown that the most influential variables in the forces of the contact patch are the pressure, the vertical force and the toe angle. However, the influence of temperature and camber angle is lower for the defined model conditions. A test methodology that allows carrying out the experimental tests in a systematic and controlled way in the dynamometer plate has also been developed.
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Taka´cs, De´nes, and Ga´bor Ste´pan. "Experiments on Quasi-Periodic Wheel Shimmy." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35336.

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The lateral vibration of towed wheels — so-called shimmy — is one of the most exciting phenomena of vehicle dynamics. We give a brief description of a low degree of freedom rig of elastic tyre that was constructed for laboratory measurements. A full report is given on the experimental investigation of this rig from the identification of system parameters to the validation of stability boundaries and vibration frequencies of shimmy motion. The experimental results confirm the validity of those tyre models that include delay effects. A peculiar quasi-periodic oscillation detected during the experiments is explained by numerical simulations of the nonlinear time-delayed mathematical model.
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Namba, Y., and M. Shiokawa. "Surface Roughness Generation Mechanism of Ultraprecision Grinding with Cup-Typed Resinoid-Bonded Diamond Wheels." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1996.ofa.2.

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The ultraprecision surface grinder1) having a glass-ceramic spindle of extremely-low thermal expansion has been developed, and very smooth surfaces better than conventional optically-polished surfaces can be obtained2) on various optical materials by cup-typed resinoid-bonded diamond wheels and the ultraprecision surface grinder. There are 3 grinding modes in grinding of optical glasses, such as the fracture mode, ductile & fracture mode and ductile mode3). The ductile mode grinding of NbF1 optical glass can be obtained by using a resinoid-bonded wheel having diamond grains less than 20 μm in grain size. There is no micro-crack observed under the surface ground in the ductile mode. The ground surface roughness less than 0.2nm rms or 2nm Rmax has been obtained on BSC7(BK7) glass sample with a SD3000-75-B wheel. So, there is big possibility of actualization that optical glasses will be finished into optical components by the ultraprecision grinding without polishing.
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