Academic literature on the topic 'Tyre sensor'

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Journal articles on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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Huh, K., J. Kim, and K. Yi. "Monitoring system design for estimating the lateral tyre force." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, no. 4 (April 1, 2003): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070360613219.

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Longitudinal and lateral forces acting on tyres are known to be closely related to tractive ability, braking characteristics, handling stability and manoeuvrability of ground vehicles. However, it is not feasible in the operating vehicles to measure the tyre forces directly because of the high cost of sensors, the limitations in sensor technology, interference with tyre rotation and the harsh environment. Another approach is the indirect monitoring technique that can estimate the tyre forces based on remote sensor outputs and vehicle dynamics models. In this paper, in order to develop tyre force-monitoring systems, a monitoring model is proposed utilizing not only the yawing motion but also the roll motion. Based on the monitoring model, a monitoring system is designed to estimate the lateral tyre force acting on each tyre. The monitoring system is constructed on the basis of a new scaled Kalman filter with model error compensator (SKFMEC) technique that is developed in this study to improve the robustness performance of Kalman filter methods. The SKFMEC technique adopts both the well-conditioned observer and the model error compensator concepts. Tyre force estimation performance of the monitoring system is evaluated in the MATLAB simulations where true tyre force data are generated from a 14-degree-of-freedom vehicle model with the combined-slip ‘magic formula’ tyre model.
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Schmiedel, Bernhard, Frank Gauterin, and Hans-Joachim Unrau. "Road wetness quantification via tyre spray." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 233, no. 1 (June 18, 2018): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954407018778972.

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Road wetness can lead to a significant loss in tyre traction. Although a driver can easily distinguish between dry and wet roads, the thickness of a water film on the road (wetness) and its impact on the vehicle dynamics are more difficult for a driver to classify. Furthermore, autonomous vehicles also need a graded classification of road conditions. There are known sensors, which are able to classify road conditions, but these are either not able to quantify the road wetness or are not suitable for mass production. Therefore, this work analyses a method to measure the road wetness by analysing tyre spray with plain acceleration sensors at positions like wheel arch liner or side skirt. It discusses influences of vehicle speed, road wetness, tyres, road structure and sensor positioning. The results show that a quantification of road wetness is possible, but it relies on the sum of all boundary conditions.
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Pasterkamp, W. R., and H. B. Pacejka. "Friction Recognition Using the Tyre as Sensor." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 29, no. 1 (June 1996): 7975–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)58976-4.

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PASTERKAMP, W. R., and H. B. PACEJKA. "The Tyre as a Sensor to Estimate Friction." Vehicle System Dynamics 27, no. 5-6 (June 1997): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00423119708969339.

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SUZUKI, Hikaru, Hiroshi TANI, Renguo LU, Shinji KOGANEZAWA, and Norio TAGAWA. "Package durability of triboelectric sensor mounted inside tyre." Proceedings of Conference of Kansai Branch 2020.95 (2020): 06_610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmekansai.2020.95.06_610.

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Di Monaco, Francesco, Sandro Moos, Stefano Tornincasa, and Enrico Vezzetti. "Guidelines for the design of tyre sensor housings." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 75, no. 1-4 (July 26, 2014): 573–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-014-6092-0.

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Bickel, B., and D. Betz. "Contribution of a Tyre Sensor to Improved Chassis Control." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 37, no. 22 (April 2004): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)30406-8.

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Grakovski, Alexander, Alexey Pilipovec, Igor Kabashkin, and Elmars Petersons. "Weight-in-Motion Estimation Based on Reconstruction of Tyre Footprint’s Geometry by Group of Fibre Optic Sensors." Transport and Telecommunication Journal 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2014-0009.

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Abstract The problem of measuring road vehicle’s weight-in-motion (WIM) is important for overload enforcement, road maintenance planning and cargo fleet managing, control of the legal use of the transport infrastructure, road surface protection from the early destruction and for the safety on the roads. The fibre-optic sensors (FOS) functionality is based on the changes in the parameters of the optical signal due to the deformation of the optical fibre under the weight of the crossing vehicle. A fibre-optic sensor responds to the deformation, therefore for WIM measurements it is necessary to estimate the impact area of a wheel on the working surface of the sensor called tyre footprint. This information is used further for the estimation of the vehicle wheel’s speed, contact width, length, and, finally, axle’s weight while in motion. Recorded signals from a truck passing over a group of FOS with various speeds and known weight are used as an input data. The results of the several laboratory and field experiments with FOS, e.g. load characteristics according to the temperature, contact surface width and loading speed impact, are provided here. The method of initial signal deconvolution on symmetric and asymmetric components provides the chance to approximate geometric size of tyre surface footprint as well as calculate weight on each wheel separately. The examples of the estimation of a truck speed, tyre contact surface footprint parameters using FOS signals are discussed in this article.
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Tuononen, A. J., and M. J. Matilainen. "Real-time estimation of aquaplaning with an optical tyre sensor." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 223, no. 10 (October 2009): 1263–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544070jauto1220.

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Hatipoglu, G., and H. Urey. "FR4-based electromagnetic energy harvester for wireless tyre sensor nodes." Procedia Chemistry 1, no. 1 (September 2009): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proche.2009.07.302.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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He, Mingzhe, and Xinyu Lin. "Connected Tyres : Real-time Tyre Monitoring System for Fleet& Autonomous Vehicles with Tyre WearEstimation through Sensor Fusion." Thesis, KTH, Fordonsdynamik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-290080.

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Tyres are one crucial part for vehicles, as they are the only contact pointbetween the vehicle and the road. Intelligent tyres are a trending new subjectin the tyre industry. They are designed to monitor various tyre states and sendthis information to both drivers and remote servers. The master thesis focuseson the proposal of a real-time tyre monitoring system for fleet and autonomousvehicles. It includes developing a tyre wear model and analysis of the currenttyre pressure monitoring functionality by leveraging the connectivity of fleetvehicles equipped with a Volvo web cloud service. The tyre wear model indirectlymonitors the tread depth of the vehicles all four tyres by identifyingcharacteristics between worn and fresh tyres. The two characteristics are identifiedby monitoring and analyzing vehicle speed and braking signals. The twocharacteristics is input to a voting scheme which decides when a worn tyre isdetected. The test vehicle was a Volvo XC40 with three types of tyres: wintertyres, summer tyres and worn summer tyres. The wear model gives 90 %accuracy to 10 set of test data, randomly selected from all dataset at HälleredProving Ground (Sweden). The connectivity realizes the data transmissionfrom the raw data of onCAN and FlexRay signals stored in a Volvo web cloudservice to the tyre monitoring fleet system. The signals are filtered and resampled,leaving the required signals of the tyre pressure monitor system andthe tyre wear model. Two signals, Calibration Status and iTPMS Status, areused to perform a statistical analysis on tyre pressure by categorizing the calibrationstatus and the tyre pressure conditions.The project outcome is an interfacebuilt on MATLAB GUI for demonstration of vehicle identification andtyre health conditions, with the embedded tyre wear model and connectivity.
Däck är en viktig del för fordon, eftersom de är den enda kontaktpunktenmellan fordonet och vägen. Intelligenta däck är ett trendigt nytt ämne i däckindustrin.De är utformade för att övervaka olika däcktillstånd och skicka dennainformation till både förare och fjärrservrar. Examensarbetet är inriktat på ettförslag till ett däckövervakningssystem i realtid för fordonsflottor och autonomafordon och inkluderar en däckslitagesmodell och anslutning. Det inkluderaratt utveckla en slitagemodell och analys av den aktuella däcktrycksövervakningsfunktionengenom att studera Volvos fordonspark som är utrustade medVolvos webbmolntjänst. Däckens slitagemodell övervakar indirekt slitbanedjupetpå alla fyra däck genom att identifiera egenskaper mellan slitna och nyadäck. De två egenskaperna identifieras genom att övervaka och analysera fordonshastighet och bromssignaler. De två egenskaperna är inmatade i ett röstningsschemasom avgör när ett slitet däck upptäcks. Testfordonet var en VolvoXC40 med tre typer av däck, vinterdäck samt nya och slitna sommardäck.Modellen ger 90 % noggrannhet för 10 uppsättningar testdata, slumpmässigtvalda från alla dataset på Hällered provbana (Sverige). Anslutningen genomfördataöverföringen av rådata från onCAN och FlexRay-signaler lagrade ienVolvoswebbmolntjänst till däcksövervakningssystemet. Signalerna filtrerasoch samplas på nytt för att skapa de nödvändiga signalerna till däcktrycksövervakningssystemetoch däckslitagemodellen. Två signaler, kalibreringsstatusoch iTPMS-status, används för att utföra en statistisk analys av däcktrycketgenom att kategorisera kalibreringsstatus och däcktrycksförhållanden. Projektetsresultat är ett gränssnitt byggt på MATLAB GUI för demonstration avfordonsidentifiering och däcktillstånd. med inbäddad däckslitagemodell ochanslutning.
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Cao, Siyang. "Flexible bond wire capacitive strain sensor for a vehicle tyre." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2016. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/6619/.

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This thesis reports a novel flexible wire bond structured capacitive sensor design that can measure the strain in the tyres stably and reliably without any influence or disturbance to the tyre material during the measurement. An industry achievable fabrication method based on the design has been also investigated and it is also believed that there is a possibility of introducing the sensor into mass production. Bond wire technology, laser machining technology and photolithography technology are adopted to fabricate the strain sensor, in which the wire bonding technology is the most significant process for this design. An array of 25 micrometer bond wires that are normally employed for electrical connections in integrated circuits is built to create an interdigitated structure and generating approximately 10pF capacitance. The array that in an approximately 8*8 mm area consists of 50 wire loops and creates 49 capacitor pairs. The aluminium wires are bonded to a flexible PCB which is specially finished to allow direct bonding to copper surface. The wire array is finally packaged and embedded in a flexible and compliant material, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which acts as the structural material that is strained. The implementations of the bond wire, the flexible PCB and PDMS embedding minimize the stiffness of the strain sensor while the PDMS can also prevent the sensor from any potential damage. When a tensile strain occurs, the wires are stretched further apart reducing the capacitance. On the contrary, the wires move closer and increase the capacitance if the strain sensor is compressed. Different from the traditional interdigital capacitor, the capacitance of the device is almost in a linear relationship with respect to the strain, which can measure the strain up to at least ±60000 micro-strain (±6%) with the resolution of 111 micro-strain (0.01%).
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DI, MONACO FRANCESCO. "Product development methodologies for self-powered sensor-nodes in vehicle tyres." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2534687.

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In this work the study of new product development methodologies is applied to modelling and simulation of several components of a tyre sensor node. The purpose of the sensor node is to improve the active safety of the vehicle making additional information, with respect to traditional TPMS, available to the vehicle dynamic control system. The components involved in the study are the rubber housing and the energy harvester. The rubber housing is a patch that ensures the bonding of the sensor on the tyre inner-liner, and its behaviour is simulated by means of a quasi-static FEM model where deformations and inertial loads are sequentially applied in a static simulation as a function of wheel rotation angle. The proposed method was validated by on-the-field testing. The energy harvester is a device designed to replace the batteries recovering energy from the environment. The performance of this device is studied using analytical techniques as well as numerical models. The reliability of the modelling techniques is confirmed through experimental testing in a controlled environment. The possibility of integrating semi-active controls in an energy harvester is also discussed and confirmed analytically and numerically.
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Stariak, Gabriel. "Tenzometrické závěsy kol Formule Student." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-254217.

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The diploma thesis deals with examinations of forces which are acting from road surface on tyres. The aim is to design and build measuring circuit which measure forces in front suspension. The thesis deals with designing of mathematical model in addition describes problematic of strain gauge sensors, their calibration and verification measure in details. The results are data obtained from static and dynamic measurement and outputs from multi-body system softwares. The results are evaluated and compared at conclusion.
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Johnson, Simon. "Field effect transistor type sensors." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.259174.

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Stamm, Christoph Georg. "Integrated-optical difference interferometer as direct bio-chemical sensor, refractometer, and humidity sensor /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=10943.

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Suzuki, Y., D. Ogura, M. Shikida, Y. Hasegawa, and K. Sato. "Development of Fabric-Type of Tensional Force Sensor." IEEE, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/13918.

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Amiri, Parian Jafar Parian Jafar Amiri. "Sensor modeling, calibration and point positioning with terrestrial panoramic cameras /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=17094.

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Naddafzadeh, Shirazi Ghasem. "Optimization in wireless sensor and machine-type communication networks." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/46658.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are systems used for detecting events and gathering information from an area of interest in many different application domains, from home and industry automation, to healthcare and transportation, to environmental monitoring. With regard to the communication task involved in WSNs, they can also be seen as an instance of the new paradigm, known as machine-type communication (MTC). Similar to traditional wireless sensors, MTC-enabled devices can communicate together without direct human interference. Energy efficiency for the sake of longevity is perhaps the most challenging requirement for many WSNs and MTC networks. In this thesis, we consider ultra-wideband (UWB) transmission technology for energy-efficient communication in WSNs. UWB achieves frugal use of energy by transmitting with low spectral efficiency when compared to legacy wireless technologies. This also allows it to operate license-exempt in many jurisdictions around the world. More recently, however, wireless service operators consider the use of cellular technology also for low data-rate applications originally only served by WSN-type technology. In particular, long-term evolution (LTE) technology has moved into the focus for joint personal-communication and MTC networks. Recent releases of the LTE standard and ongoing work items in LTE standardization specifically accommodate low-cost and low-power MTC. This thesis presents contributions that improve the performance of UWB WSN and LTE MTC networks in several aspects, namely lifetime, localization accuracy, and coverage. A common theme of these different contributions are the use of optimization methods for obtaining scalable, robust, and/or low-complexity solutions. We first address the lifetime maximization problem in a UWB-based WSN designed for multiple event detection. The key contribution is the joint optimization of transmission and routing parameters of sensor nodes so that the energy consumption is distributed as evenly as possible among the entire WSN. We then investigate the challenges of localization in WSNs and provide a convex solution which is robust to measurement uncertainties. In the last part of this thesis we focus on providing coverage for low-cost LTE MTC networks, where the challenge is to develop efficient transmission strategies that maximize the coverage of MTC devices in an LTE cell.
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Li, Jun. "VM-based event-processing in sensor networks." Zurich : ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Computer Science, Systems Group, 2008. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=380.

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Books on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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Kiel, Johnathan L. Type-b cytochromes: Sensors and switches. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1995.

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Architects, Perkins Eastman, ed. Building type basics for senior living. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons, 2004.

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Ramasastri, K. S. Development of a weighing type snow water equivalent sensor. Roorkee: National Institute of Hydrology, 1996.

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Extra sensory deception. New York: Berkley Prime Crime, 2014.

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Hill, Christopher S. Sensations: A defense of type materialism. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

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Return to sender. Richmond: Mills & Boon, 1995.

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Rendell, Ruth. El senor del paramo. Barcelon: Plaza & Janes Editores, 1995.

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Beverly, Cleary. Querido señor Henshaw. New York: Beech Tree Paperback Books, 1997.

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Greeley, Andrew M. The senator and the priest. Waterville, Me: Thorndike Press, 2007.

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Beverly, Cleary. Querido Senor Henshaw. Madrid: Espasa Calpe S.A. Madrid, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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Gölz, Jacqueline, and Christian Hatzfeld. "Sensor Design." In Springer Series on Touch and Haptic Systems, 431–516. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04536-3_10.

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AbstractMultiple sensors are applied in haptic devices designs. Even if they are not closed-loop controlled in a narrow sense of force or torque generation, they are used to detect movement ranges and limits or the detection of the presence of a user and its type of interaction with an object or human-machine-interface (HMI). Almost any type of technical sensor had been applied in the context of haptic devices. The emerging market of gesture based user interaction and integration of haptics due to ergonomic reasons extends the range of sensors potentially relevant for haptic devices. However, what exactly is a sensor? Which is the right one for your purpose and is there a systematic way to choose it? To support you answering these fundamental questions, classification of sensors is helpful. This chapter starts with a definition and classifications according to measurand and sensing principles. Constraints, you will have to focus on, are discussed and selection criteria are deduced. An introduction in technologies and design principles for mechanical sensors serves as an overview for your selection process. Common types of force/torque, positioning, velocity and acceleration sensors are presented. Furthermore, imaging and temperature sensors are addressed briefly in this section.
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Xu, You-Lin, and Jia He. "Multi-type sensor placement." In Smart Civil Structures, 217–53. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, CRC Press, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315368917-10.

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Oliveira, Leiva Casemiro, Antonio Marcus Nogueira Lima, Carsten Thirstrup, and Helmut Franz Neff. "Active Metal-Type Compounds." In Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors, 257–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17486-6_10.

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Arakawa, Takahiro, and Kohji Mitsubayashi. "Cavitas Sensors (Soft Contact Lens Type Biosensor, Mouth-Guard Type Sensor, etc.) for Daily Medicine." In Sensors for Everyday Life, 45–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47319-2_3.

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Fried, Robert, and Richard M. Carlton. "Chronic Hyperglycemia Impairs Vision, Hearing, and Sensory Function." In Type 2 Diabetes, 121–48. Boca Raton : CRC Press, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429507250-5.

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Kovalgin, A. Y., J. Holleman, and A. van den Berg. "On the Feasibility of Using Antifuses as Low-Power Heating / Detecting Elements in Pellistor-Type Gas Sensors." In Sensor Technology 2001, 107–12. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0840-2_19.

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Shimizu, Yasuhiro, Yoshiki Fukuyama, Hiromichi Arai, and Tetsuro Seiyama. "Oxygen Sensor Using Perovskite-Type Oxides." In ACS Symposium Series, 83–100. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1986-0309.ch005.

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Someya, Takao. "Sheet-Type Sensors and Actuators." In Flexible Electronics, 183–214. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-74363-9_7.

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Cheli, F., D. Ivone, and E. Sabbioni. "Smart Tyre Induced Benefits in Sideslip Angle and Friction Coefficient Estimation." In Sensors and Instrumentation, Volume 5, 73–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15212-7_9.

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Partridge, John A. "Cheddar and Cheddar-Type Cheese." In The Sensory Evaluation of Dairy Products, 225–70. New York, NY: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77408-4_9.

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Conference papers on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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Kulinyi, S., R. Vegvari, A. Pongracz, A. Nagy, T. Karpati, M. Adam, G. Battistig, and I. Barsony. "Flexible packaging for tyre integrated shear force sensor." In 2012 IEEE Sensors. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsens.2012.6411326.

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Ma, Xie, Lingjian Ye, Guanghui Yao, Di Wang, and Xiongfei Zhi. "Development of automobile tyre lateral runout measurement sensor." In Sixth International Symposium on Precision Mechanical Measurements, edited by Shenghua Ye and Yetai Fei. SPIE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2036092.

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Cheli, Federico, Giorgio audisio, Massimo brusarosco, Federico mancosu, Daniele Cavaglieri PhD, and Stefano melzi. "Cyber Tyre: A Novel Sensor to Improve Vehicle's Safety." In SAE 2011 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2011-01-0990.

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De Matteis, M., T. Vergine, M. Sabatini, and A. Baschirotto. "A 34µW 75dB-dynamic-range CMOS analog front-end for intelligent tyre sensor network." In 2013 International Conference on IC Design & Technology (ICICDT). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicdt.2013.6563327.

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Hill, Jonathan, Hilary Bart-Smith, C. Barbier, and J. A. C. Humphrey. "Investigation of a Bioinspired Whisker-Like Fluid Motion Sensor." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14508.

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Sensors and sensing technologies to obtain flow information at near real time for the control of new underwater morphing structure applications are being investigated. Inspiration for a new type of fluid motion sensor finds its origin in the vibrissae (whiskers) of seals. Recent research has shown the remarkable sensitivity and specificity of these biological sensors to detect hydrodynamic trails left by potential prey. The impressive sensory performance characteristics of seal whiskers suggest the developmental potential for corresponding synthetic fluid motion sensors. An analytical study of the dynamic response of a synthetic whisker-like beam has been carried out to understand its response to predefined vortical flow fields. A parametric study has been conducted to examine how the geometrical and material parameters (i.e. length, cross-section, and stiffness) can be manipulated to produce characteristic responses for different applications. This theoretical understanding is being used in a companion experimental study to develop a synthetic whisker-like sensor. The performance characteristics of the experimental sensor are compared to the beam model predictions.
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Botha, Theunis R., and Pieter S. Els. "Vehicle Sideslip Estimation Using Unscented Kalman Filter, AHRS and GPS." In ASME 2012 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2012-70875.

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A vehicle’s sideslip angle is an important parameter for both vehicle control and tyre property estimation. This paper details the method of determining a vehicles sideslip angle using an Attitude Heading Reference System (AHRS) and a Global Position System (GPS) in conjunction with the Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF). The addition of a single GPS antenna and the AHRS provides the ability to directly estimate the sideslip angle. Incorporating this direct measurement, as well as the summation of the gravity and gyro-compensated lateral acceleration to provide lateral velocity, allows the continuous and drift free estimation of the sideslip angle. The method is evaluated in simulation, using a validated non-linear full vehicle ADAMS model with added sensor noise. The estimated sideslip angle compares well against the simulated vehicle’s sideslip angle.
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Nordberg, T. Patrik. "Load Identification Through Wavelet Parameterization." In ASME 2001 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2001/vib-21523.

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Abstract A novel approach based on a simulation error method using a wavelet parameterization is assessed. The present study focuses on the case where the load location is known a priori as it is for the interaction between the road profile and the tyre patch for an automotive vehicle. The proposed method is a time domain technique and the resulting inverse problem is discussed from the viewpoint of two different parameterization approaches. One approach concerns Fourier coefficients and the other advocates the use of wavelet coefficients. The discretized road profile is parameterized into coefficients which greatly reduces the number of unknown parameters in the resulting non-linear optimization problem. Sensor locations are chosen in accordance with the concept of identifiability. Finally, a numerical five degree-of-freedom system illustrates the applicability and performance of the method.
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Madison, Daniel P., Scott A. Miers, Glen L. Barna, and Jay L. Richerson. "Comparison of Piston Temperature Measurement Methods: Templugs Versus Wireless Telemetry With Thermocouples." In ASME 2012 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2012-92184.

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The objective of this investigation was to compare the results of metallurgical temperature sensors and thermocouples when used to measure piston temperatures in a running engine. Type J thermocouples and a microwave wireless telemetry system were used to gather real time temperature data on the piston in the vicinity of each metallurgical sensor. Eight pairs of metallurgical temperature sensors were installed in the piston with a thermocouple junction in-between. The engine was ramped up to steady state quickly and then held for approximately four hours at 1800 RPM and 1980 N-m before being quickly ramped back down in accordance with the metallurgical sensors’ recommended test cycle. During the test, continuous temperature data at each of the sensor locations was monitored and recorded using the telemetry system. After the test was complete, the metallurgical temperature sensors were removed and independently analyzed. The results indicate that readings from the metallurgical temperature sensors were similar to those of the embedded thermocouples for locations without large thermal gradients. However, when thermal gradients were present, the metallurgical sensor’s reading was influenced measurably.
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Yoder, Valerie J., Steven W. Havens, Arthur J. Na, and Rachel E. Weingrad. "Sensor Fusion for Industrial Applications Using Transducer Markup Language." In ASME 2006 International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2006-21116.

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Manufacturing processes would greatly benefit from fusing data from many disparate sensors, but systems today do not fully exploit available sensor data. Disparate sensors could include Coordinate Measurement Machines (CMM), laser surface scanners, micro sensors, cameras, acoustic devices, thermocouples, or other various devices which provide measurement or visual data. Often, sensor data requires separate customized software for each type of sensor system, as opposed to having common tools for use across a wide array of sensor systems. This process of stove-piping requires proprietary software for analysis and display of each sensor type, and inhibits interoperability. There are several challenges to sensor fusion which need to be addressed. First, many sensors providing data are heterogeneous in phenomena detection and operation, providing measurements of different target attributes. This makes the measurements very difficult to fuse directly. Second, these disparate sensors are asynchronous in time. The collection, integration, buffering and transmitting time can each affect the way time is calculated and stored by the sensor. Transducer Markup Language (TML), developed by IRIS Corporation, addresses these challenges. This paper describes TML and addresses examples of industrial applications of TML-enabled transducer networks.
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Vosz, Adam, Shawn Midlam-Mohler, Yann Guezennec, and Steve Yurkovich. "Experimental Investigation of Switching Oxygen Sensor Behavior Due to Exhaust Gas Effects." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14915.

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Switching type exhaust gas oxygen sensors are critical to the performance of air-to-fuel ratio control in stoichiometric SI engines. Controlling the air-to-fuel ratio around stoichiometry is necessary for adequate three-way catalyst performance to meet government emissions regulations. However, the feedback signal from the sensor does not always truly depict the actual chemical mixture present in the exhaust gasses, which intrinsically affects the catalyst performance. A sensor may not provide correct air-to-fuel ratio feedback due to certain species in the exhaust gas which affect the equivalence ratio that the sensor switches from the high to low voltage or vice versa. This work attempts to characterize the impact of gas on fresh and aged sensors and builds upon earlier work in the field by using real engine exhaust rather simulated exhaust gas. In these experiments, the air-to-fuel ratio of a stoichiometric gasoline engine is incrementally increased from a lean to rich mixture to elicit the full switching response of the oxygen sensor. Additional sensor output curves are generated in the presence of external additive gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, propane, and gasoline vapor. An automotive emissions analyzer and a hydrogen analyzer detect the concentrations of the exhaust gases and the chemical equivalence ratio is calculated using a carbon balance. This equivalence ratio creates a reference to examine the accuracy of the switch point of the sensor to actual stoichiometry. Using these data sets, it is possible to determine observe the effect of various gas species on the air to fuel ratio at which the sensor switches. The sensitivity of the different sensors to gas concentrations are quantified and presented, which form an elementary model to predict the sensor switch point in the presence of these gas species. Primary findings indicate that the impact of species on the sensor switch point is linearly related to the concentration of the species; sensor type and sensor age have an effect on a sensor's sensitivity to species; and different hydrocarbon species affect sensors differently. The findings support the simulated exhaust gas results reported in the literature in that the degree of interference of a species is related to the diffusion rate of the species with respect to oxygen through the sensor. The results also point toward the importance of the species of hydrocarbons in the engine exhaust, which are uncontrolled and can vary with engine operating conditions. This feature is critical to the application of this knowledge to automotive control.
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Reports on the topic "Tyre sensor"

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Lichan, Zhong, Li Gaoxiang, Wang Zhengxiao, and Liu Luna. H(+)-ISFET Type Penicillinase Sensor. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada244377.

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Simon, James E., Uri M. Peiper, Gaines Miles, A. Hetzroni, Amos Mizrach, and Denys J. Charles. Electronic Sensing of Fruit Ripeness Based on Volatile Gas Emissions. United States Department of Agriculture, October 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568762.bard.

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An electronic sensory system for the evaluation of headspace volatiles was developed to determine fruit ripeness and quality. Two prototype systems were designed, constructed, and later modified. The first is an improved version of our original prototype electronic sniffer using a single head sensing unit for use as a single or paired unit placed on an individual fruit surface for applications in the field, lab, or industry. The second electronic sniffer utilizes a matrix of gas sensors, each selected for differential sensitivity to a range of volatile compounds. This system is more sophisticated as it uses multiple gas sensors, but was found to enhance the ability of the sniffer to classify fruit ripeness and quality relative to a single gas sensor. This second sniffer was designed and constructed for the sampling of fresh-cut or whole packs of fruits such as packaged strawberries and blueberries, and can serve as a prototype for research or commercial applications. Results demonstrate that electronic sensing of fruit ripeness based on aromatic volatile gas emissions can be used successfully with fresh frits. Aroma sensing was successful for classifying ripeness in muskmelons, including different cultivars, apples, blueberries, strawberries, and in a complimentary BARD project on tomatoes. This system compared favorably to the physicochemical measurements traditionally employed to assess fruit maturity. This nondestructive sensory system can detect the presence of physically damaged fruits and shows excellent application for use in quality assessment. Electronic sensors of the tin oxide type were evaluated for specificity toward a wide range of volatiles associated with fruit ripeness. Sensors were identified that detected a broad range of alcohols, aldehydes, esters, hydrocarbons, and volatile sulfur compounds, as well as individual volatiles associated with fruit ripening across a wide concentration range. Sensors are not compound specific, thus, the matrix of sensors coupled with discrimination analysis provides a fingerprint to identify the presence of compounds and to assess alterations in fresh products due to alterations in volatile emissions. Engineering developments led to the development of a system to compensate for temperature and relative humidity relative to on-line aroma sensing with melons for ripeness determination and to reduce response time, thus permitting the electronic sniffer to be used for monitoring both fresh and processed food products. The sniffer provides a fast, reliable and nondestructive tool to assess fruit ripeness and quality. We hope that our work will foster the introduction and utilization of this emerging technology into the agricultural and horticultural
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Merchant, Bion. 2022 MB3a Infrasound Sensor Type Approval Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874853.

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Johra, Hicham. Assembling temperature sensors: thermocouples and resistance temperature detectors RTD (Pt100). Department of the Built Environment, Aalborg University, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54337/aau449755797.

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Temperature is one of the most common physical quantities (measurand) to be measured in experimental investigations, monitoring and control of building indoor environment, thermal comfort and building energy performance. The most common temperature sensors are the thermocouples and the resistance temperature detectors (RTDs). These analog sensors are cheap, accurate, durable and easy to replace or to repair. The cable of these sensors can easily be shortened or extended. These sensors have a simple, monotonic and stable correlation between the sensor’s temperature and their resistance/voltage output, which makes them ideal for temperature measurement with electronic logging equipment. This technical report aims at providing clear guidelines about how to assemble and mount type-K thermocouples and Pt100 RTDs. These are the most common temperature sensors used in the Laboratory of Building Energy and Indoor Environment at the Department of the Built Environment of Aalborg University.
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Merchant, Bion. 2022 Chaparral 64S Infrasound Sensor Type Approval Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874854.

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Dahal, Sachindra, and Jeffery Roesler. Passive Sensing of Electromagnetic Signature of Roadway Material for Lateral Positioning of Vehicle. Illinois Center for Transportation, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/21-039.

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Autonomous vehicles (AV) and advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) offer multiple safety benefits for drivers and road agencies. However, maintaining the lateral position of an AV or a vehicle with ADAS within a lane is a challenge, especially in adverse weather conditions when lane markings are occluded. For significant penetration of AV without compromising safety, vehicle-to-infrastructure sensing capabilities are necessary, especially during severe weather conditions. This research proposes a method to create a continuous electromagnetic (EM) signature on the roadway, using materials compatible with existing paving materials and construction methods. Laboratory testing of the proposed concept was performed on notched concrete-slab specimens and concrete prisms containing EM materials. An induction-based eddy-current sensor and magnetometers were implemented to detect the EM signature. The detected signals were compared to evaluate the effects of sensor height above the concrete surface, type of EM materials, EM-material volume, material shape, and volume of EM concrete prisms. A layer of up to 2 in. (5.1 cm) of water, ice, snow, or sand was placed between the sensor and the concrete slab to represent adverse weather conditions. Results showed that factors such as sensor height, EM-material volume, EM dosage, types of the EM material, and shape of the EM material in the prism were significant attenuators of the EM signal and must be engineered properly. Presence of adverse surface conditions had a negligible effect, as compared to normal conditions, indicating robustness of the presented method. This study proposes a promising method to complement existing sensors’ limitations in AVs and ADAS for effective lane-keeping during normal and adverse weather conditions with the help of vehicle-to-pavement interaction.
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Merchant, Bion J. 2019 Hyperion 5313A and 5119A Infrasound Sensor Type Approval Evaluation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1601758.

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Liang, Qilian, and Haining Shu. Wireless Sensor Network Lifetime Analysis Using Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Logic Systems. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428428.

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Mosquera, J., J. P. M. Ploegaert, G. M. Nijeboer, J. M. G. Hol, and R. W. Melse. Onderzoek naar de nauwkeurigheid van een nieuw type sensor voor ammoniakconcentraties in stallucht. Wageningen: Wageningen Livestock Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/420967.

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Engel, Bernard, Yael Edan, James Simon, Hanoch Pasternak, and Shimon Edelman. Neural Networks for Quality Sorting of Agricultural Produce. United States Department of Agriculture, July 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1996.7613033.bard.

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The objectives of this project were to develop procedures and models, based on neural networks, for quality sorting of agricultural produce. Two research teams, one in Purdue University and the other in Israel, coordinated their research efforts on different aspects of each objective utilizing both melons and tomatoes as case studies. At Purdue: An expert system was developed to measure variances in human grading. Data were acquired from eight sensors: vision, two firmness sensors (destructive and nondestructive), chlorophyll from fluorescence, color sensor, electronic sniffer for odor detection, refractometer and a scale (mass). Data were analyzed and provided input for five classification models. Chlorophyll from fluorescence was found to give the best estimation for ripeness stage while the combination of machine vision and firmness from impact performed best for quality sorting. A new algorithm was developed to estimate and minimize training size for supervised classification. A new criteria was established to choose a training set such that a recurrent auto-associative memory neural network is stabilized. Moreover, this method provides for rapid and accurate updating of the classifier over growing seasons, production environments and cultivars. Different classification approaches (parametric and non-parametric) for grading were examined. Statistical methods were found to be as accurate as neural networks in grading. Classification models by voting did not enhance the classification significantly. A hybrid model that incorporated heuristic rules and either a numerical classifier or neural network was found to be superior in classification accuracy with half the required processing of solely the numerical classifier or neural network. In Israel: A multi-sensing approach utilizing non-destructive sensors was developed. Shape, color, stem identification, surface defects and bruises were measured using a color image processing system. Flavor parameters (sugar, acidity, volatiles) and ripeness were measured using a near-infrared system and an electronic sniffer. Mechanical properties were measured using three sensors: drop impact, resonance frequency and cyclic deformation. Classification algorithms for quality sorting of fruit based on multi-sensory data were developed and implemented. The algorithms included a dynamic artificial neural network, a back propagation neural network and multiple linear regression. Results indicated that classification based on multiple sensors may be applied in real-time sorting and can improve overall classification. Advanced image processing algorithms were developed for shape determination, bruise and stem identification and general color and color homogeneity. An unsupervised method was developed to extract necessary vision features. The primary advantage of the algorithms developed is their ability to learn to determine the visual quality of almost any fruit or vegetable with no need for specific modification and no a-priori knowledge. Moreover, since there is no assumption as to the type of blemish to be characterized, the algorithm is capable of distinguishing between stems and bruises. This enables sorting of fruit without knowing the fruits' orientation. A new algorithm for on-line clustering of data was developed. The algorithm's adaptability is designed to overcome some of the difficulties encountered when incrementally clustering sparse data and preserves information even with memory constraints. Large quantities of data (many images) of high dimensionality (due to multiple sensors) and new information arriving incrementally (a function of the temporal dynamics of any natural process) can now be processed. Furhermore, since the learning is done on-line, it can be implemented in real-time. The methodology developed was tested to determine external quality of tomatoes based on visual information. An improved model for color sorting which is stable and does not require recalibration for each season was developed for color determination. Excellent classification results were obtained for both color and firmness classification. Results indicted that maturity classification can be obtained using a drop-impact and a vision sensor in order to predict the storability and marketing of harvested fruits. In conclusion: We have been able to define quantitatively the critical parameters in the quality sorting and grading of both fresh market cantaloupes and tomatoes. We have been able to accomplish this using nondestructive measurements and in a manner consistent with expert human grading and in accordance with market acceptance. This research constructed and used large databases of both commodities, for comparative evaluation and optimization of expert system, statistical and/or neural network models. The models developed in this research were successfully tested, and should be applicable to a wide range of other fruits and vegetables. These findings are valuable for the development of on-line grading and sorting of agricultural produce through the incorporation of multiple measurement inputs that rapidly define quality in an automated manner, and in a manner consistent with the human graders and inspectors.
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