Relevant bibliographies by topics / Typhoons South China Sea Region

Academic literature on the topic 'Typhoons South China Sea Region'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 10 December 2022

Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

Park, Seongjun, and Tae-Kyung Hong. "Typhoon-Induced Microseisms around the South China Sea." Seismological Research Letters 91, no. 6 (September 9, 2020): 3454–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1785/0220190310.

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Abstract Microseisms in frequencies of 0.05–0.5 Hz are a presentation of solid earth response to the ocean waves that are developed by atmospheric pressure change. The South China Sea provides a natural laboratory with a closed ocean environment to examine the influence of regional factors on microseism development as well as the nature of microseisms. The microseisms induced by typhoons crossing over the South China Sea are investigated. Typhoons are typical transient sources of varying strengths and locations. Primary microseisms develop nearly stationary in the northeastern South China Sea for most typhoons, suggesting effective environment for excitation of primary microseisms. Typhoon-induced secondary microseisms develop around the typhoon paths with time delays varying up to one day. Typhoon-induced microseism amplitudes are proportional to the ocean-wave amplitudes in the source regions, decaying with distance. Ocean waves develop following the typhoons for days. The dominant frequency of typhoon-induced microseisms increases with time due to the influence of dispersive ocean waves. The microseisms are affected by regional factors including crustal structures, coastal geometry, ocean depth, and ocean-bottom topography.

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Ren, Jia, Nan Xu, and Yani Cui. "Typhoon Track Prediction Based on Deep Learning." Applied Sciences 12, no. 16 (August 11, 2022): 8028. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12168028.

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China is located in the northwest Pacific region where typhoons occur frequently, and every year typhoons make landfall and cause large or small economic losses or even casualties. Therefore, how to predict typhoon paths more accurately has undoubtedly become an important research topic nowadays. Therefore, this paper predicts the path of typhoons formed in the South China Sea based on deep learning. This paper combines the CNN network and the LSTM network to build a C-LSTM typhoon path prediction model, using the typhoon paths and related meteorological variables formed in the South China Sea from 1949 to 2021 as the data set, and using the Granger causality test to select multiple features for the data set to achieve data dimensionality reduction. Finally, by comparing the experiments with the LSTM typhoon path prediction model, it is proved that the prediction results of the model have smaller errors.

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Jin, Weifang, Chujin Liang, Junyang Hu, Qicheng Meng, Haibin Lü, Yuntao Wang, Feilong Lin, Xiaoyan Chen, and Xiaohui Liu. "Modulation Effect of Mesoscale Eddies on Sequential Typhoon-Induced Oceanic Responses in the South China Sea." Remote Sensing 12, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 3059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12183059.

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The impacts of mesoscale eddies on the modulation of typhoon-induced oceanic responses are important for understanding ocean dynamics. Satellite observations identified prominent ocean surface temperature and chlorophyll changes over the regions with mesoscale eddies after two sequential typhoons, e.g., Linfa and Nangka, in the South China Sea. The impacts of typhoons on the ocean surface were more prominent within cyclonic eddies than within anticyclonic eddies. The wind speed (translation speed) of Linfa was much larger (slower) than that of Nangka; thus, the changes induced by Linfa were stronger. However, the second typhoon easily generated mixing through the weak stratification induced by the first typhoon and impacted the upper ocean. The strong chlorophyll enhancement induced by Nangka was identified at a cyclonic eddy. Using a combination of reanalysis data, the depth of water origin (DWO) was applied to quantify the depth to which a typhoon’s impact could be exerted. Prominent changes were identified when the DWO reached the depth at which the temperature and nutrients differed from those within the mixed layer. This method can overcome the impacts of cloud coverage when examining a typhoon’s influence with remotely sensed data and offers a quantitative approach to determine the mechanisms responsible for typhoon-induced ocean surface changes.

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Shang, Xiao-dong, Hai-bin Zhu, Gui-ying Chen, Chi Xu, and Qi Yang. "Research on Cold Core Eddy Change and Phytoplankton Bloom Induced by Typhoons: Case Studies in the South China Sea." Advances in Meteorology 2015 (2015): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/340432.

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The effects of 8 typhoons which passed by coldcore eddy (CCE) areas in the South China Sea (SCS) from 1997 to 2009 were observed and evaluated. The changes in the preexisting CCE acted upon by typhoons were described by eddy kinetic energy (EKE) and eddy available gravitational potential energy (EAGPE). The mechanical energy of CCE was estimated from a two-layer reduced gravity model. Comparing with the scenario that typhoon passes by the region without CCEs, the preexisting CCE area plays an important role in the increase of chlorophyll-a (chl-a) concentration in the CCEs impacted by the typhoons. The preexisting chl-a in CCE is about 25%~45% (8%~25%) of postexisting chl-a in CCE for higher (slower) transit speed typhoons. If the EAGPE of CCE increases greatly after typhoon passing by with slow transit speed, so does the chl-a in the CCE area. The EKE (EAGPE) changes of the preexisting CCE are in the order of O(1014~1015 J). EKE and EAGPE of CCE are dominantly enhanced by typhoon with slow transit speed (<3 m/s) and the posttyphoon EAGPE is always larger than posttyphoon EKE for 8 cases. The maximum EAGPE change of the preexisting CCE reaches5.11×1015 J, which was induced by typhoon Hagibis.

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Chen, Huei-Fen, Yen-Chu Liu, Chih-Wen Chiang, Xingqi Liu, Yu-Min Chou, and Hui-Juan Pan. "China's historical record when searching for tropical cyclones corresponding to Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) shifts over the past 2 kyr." Climate of the Past 15, no. 1 (February 13, 2019): 279–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-279-2019.

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Abstract. The northwestern Pacific Ocean and South China Sea are where tropical cyclones occur most frequently. Many climatologists also study the formation of Pacific Ocean warm pools and typhoons in this region. This study collected data of paleotyphoons found in China's official historical records over the past 2000 years that contained known typhoon activity reports. The collected data are then subjected to statistical analyses focusing on typhoon activity in coastal regions of southeastern China to garner a better understanding of the long-term evolution of moving paths and occurrence frequency, especially regarding those typhoons making landfall in mainland China. We analyzed the data with the year and month of each typhoon event, as well as the number of events in a 10-year period. The result shows that (1) north–southward migration of typhoon paths corresponds to the north–southward migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) during the Medieval Warm Period (MWP) and Little Ice Age (LIA) and (2) paleotyphoons made landfall in mainland China 1 month earlier during the MWP than during the LIA. This implies a northward shift in ITCZ during the MWP. Typhoons tend to make landfall in Japan during El Niño-like periods and strike the southern coastal regions of China during La Niña-like stages. According to paleotyphoon records over the last 2000 years, typhoons made landfall in southeastern China frequently around 490–510, 700–850, and after 1500 CE The number of typhoons striking Guangdong Province peaked during the coldest period in 1660–1680 CE; however, after 1700 CE, landfall has migrated farther north. The track of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the northwestern Pacific Ocean is affected by the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), which shows a nearly 30-year and a 60-year cycle during the LIA.

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Shao, Weizeng, Yexin Sheng, Huan Li, Jian Shi, Qiyan Ji, Wei Tan, and Juncheng Zuo. "Analysis of Wave Distribution Simulated by WAVEWATCH-III Model in Typhoons Passing Beibu Gulf, China." Atmosphere 9, no. 7 (July 15, 2018): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos9070265.

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The Beibu Gulf is an important offshore region in the South China Sea for the fishing industry and other human activities. In 2017, typhoons Doksuri and Khanun passed the Beibu Gulf in two paths, at maximum wind speeds of up to 50 m/s. Typhoon Doksuri passed the Beibu Gulf through the open waters of the South China Sea and Typhoon Khanun moved towards the Beibu Gulf through the narrow Qiongzhou Strait. The aim of this study is to analyze the typhoon-induced wave distribution in the Beibu Gulf. WAVEWATCH-III (WW3) is a third-generation numeric wave model developed by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), which has been widely used for sea wave research. The latest version of the WW3 (5.16) model provides three packages of nonlinear term for four wave components (quadruplets) wave–wave interactions, including Discrete Interaction Approximation (DIA), Full Boltzmann Integral (WRT), and Generalized Multiple DIA (GMD) with two kinds of coefficients, herein called GMD1 and GMD2. These four packages have been conveniently implemented for simulating wave fields in two typhoons after taking winds from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) at 0.125° grids as the forcing fields. It was found that the GMD2 package was the recommended option of the nonlinear term for quadruplets wave–wave interactions due to the minimum error when comparing a number of simulated results from the WW3 model with significant wave height (SWH) from ECMWF and altimeter Jason-2. Then the wave distribution simulated by the WW3 model employing the GMD2 package was analyzed. In the case of Typhoon Doksuri, wind-sea dominated in the early and middle stages while swell dominated at the later stage. However, during Typhoon Khanun, wind-sea dominated throughout and swell distributed outside the bay around the east of Hainan Island, because the typhoon-induced swell at mesoscale was difficult to propagate into the Beibu Gulf through the narrow Qiongzhou Strait.

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Xu, Yao, Hailun He, Jinbao Song, Yijun Hou, and Funing Li. "Observations and Modeling of Typhoon Waves in the South China Sea." Journal of Physical Oceanography 47, no. 6 (June 2017): 1307–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jpo-d-16-0174.1.

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AbstractBuoy-based observations of surface waves during three typhoons in the South China Sea were used to obtain the wave characteristics. With the local wind speeds kept below 35 m s−1, the surface waves over an area with a radius 5 times that of the area in which the maximum sustained wind was found were mainly dominated by wind-wave components, and the wave energy distribution was consistent with fetch-limited waves. Swells dominated the surface waves at the front of and outside the central typhoon region. Next, the dynamics of the typhoon waves were studied numerically using a state-of-the-art third-generation wave model. Wind forcing errors made a negligible contribution to the surface wave results obtained using hindcasting. Near-realistic wind fields were constructed by correcting the idealized wind vortex using in situ observational data. If the different sets of source terms were further considered for the forcing stage of the typhoon, which was defined as the half inertial period before and after the typhoon arrival time, the best model performance had mean relative biases and root-mean-square errors of −0.7% and 0.76 m, respectively, for the significant wave height, and −3.4% and 1.115 s, respectively, for the peak wave period. Different sets of source terms for wind inputs and whitecapping breaking dissipation were also used and the results compared. Finally, twin numerical experiments were performed to investigate the importance of nonlinear wave–wave interactions on the spectrum formed. There was evidence that nonlinear wave–wave interactions efficiently transfer wave energy from high frequencies to low frequencies and prevent double-peak structures occurring in the frequency-based spectrum.

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Li, Pingyuan, Mingkun Li, Huayang Gan, and Zhen Xia. "A preliminary study on sediment records of possible typhoon in the northern South China Sea during the past 6500 years." Holocene 31, no. 7 (April 12, 2021): 1221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09596836211003229.

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Typhoon is an important meteorological phenomenon that affects the living and development of human beings on the southern China coast. However, there is still lack of clarity in the paleo-typhoon history and its influence on the evolution of the ancient human settlement environment since the mid-Holocene. Here, we identify six typhoon-like deposits from a core retrieved from the northern South China Sea shelf, close to the Pearl River Estuary, based on accelerated mass spectrometry 14C dating, grain size, and geochemistry. The sand fractions, CaO, Sr, SiO2/TiO2, and SiO2/Al2O3 were used to indicate the typhoon-like deposits. Results show that the ages with high-frequency typhoons are present ~200–300 cal yr BP, ~800–1000 cal yr BP, ~1500–1700 cal yr BP, ~2000–2100 cal yr BP, ~2400–2500 cal yr BP, and ~2700–3000 cal yr BP. Our results are comparable to the records from adjacent regions. Significantly, the vast tides occurred in the duration of ~2700–3000 cal yr BP in southern China, which probably caused the ancestors’ migration to the inland. Further studies are needed to deeply study the paleo-typhoon history in the southern China coast to verify our results.

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Li, R. H., S. M. Liu, Y. W. Li, G. L. Zhang, J. L. Ren, and J. Zhang. "Nutrient dynamics in tropical rivers, lagoons, and coastal ecosystems of eastern Hainan Island, South China Sea." Biogeosciences 11, no. 2 (January 30, 2014): 481–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-481-2014.

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Abstract. Nutrient dynamics based on field observations made along the eastern Hainan Island during the period 2006–2009 were investigated to understand nutrient biogeochemical processes, and to provide an overview of human perturbations of coastal ecosystems in this tropical region. The rivers showed seasonal variations in nutrient concentrations, with enrichment of dissolved inorganic nitrogen and dissolved silicate, and depletion of PO43−. High riverine concentrations of nitrate mainly originated from agricultural fertilizer inputs. The DIN : PO43− ratios ranged from 37 to 1063, suggesting preferential depletion of PO43− relative to nitrogen in rivers. Chemical weathering in the drainage area might explain the high levels of dissolved silicate. Aquaculture ponds contained high concentrations of NH4+ and dissolved organic nitrogen. The particulate phosphorus concentrations in the study area were lower than those reported for estuaries worldwide. The particulate silicate levels in rivers and lagoons were lower than the global average level. Nutrient biogeochemistry in coastal areas was affected by human activities (e.g., aquaculture, agriculture), and by natural phenomena including typhoons. The nutrient concentrations in coastal waters were low because of dispersion of land-derived nutrients in the sea. Nutrient budgets were built based on a steady-state box model, which showed that riverine fluxes are magnified by estuarine processes (e.g., regeneration, desorption) in estuaries and Laoyehai Lagoon, but not in Xiaohai Lagoon. Riverine and groundwater inputs were the major sources of nutrients to Xiaohai and Laoyehai lagoons, respectively, and riverine inputs and aquaculture effluents were the major sources for the eastern coast of Hainan Island. Nutrient inputs to the coastal ecosystem increased with typhoon-induced runoff of rainwater, elucidating the important influence of typhoons on small tropical rivers.

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Huong, Chu Thi Thu, Tran Dinh Linh, Dinh Tran Ngoc Huy, and Nguyen Binh Phong. "Changes of the temperature field during storms and Effects of Cold Air on Structure of Thermal Fields in Typhoons – Case in China and Vietnam Sea." International Journal of Rural Development, Environment and Health Research 6, no. 6 (2022): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijreh.6.6.5.

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This study goal is to explore Changes of the temperature field during storms and Effects of Cold Air on Structure of Thermal Fields in Typhoons. Typhoons are a kind of tropical cyclone that often occur on tropical or subtropical sea surfaces where the sea surface temperature is higher than 26.5 ◦C (HU et al, 2000). The results show that When affected by cold air, the hot core structure in the storm is broken. Temperature tends to increase gradually from west to east and from north to south. Temperatures in the northern and western regions were still lower than in the center of the storm, but in the eastern and southern areas of the center of the storm, the temperature was higher than in the center of the storm. Near the surface, below 800hPa, the temperature of the center of the storm is also lower than the average temperature of the areas around the center of the storm (except for typhoon Kammuri). The decrease in temperature in the lower central region and areas north and west of the center of the storm is due to the intrusion of the CA. This result demonstrates the role of cold air to the structure of the temperature field in the storm. However, further explanations are needed for the distribution of the maximum hot cores in the center of the storm.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

Zhang, Zhongfeng. "Study of South China Sea typhoons between 1999 and 2002 /." View Abstract or Full-Text, 2003. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MATH%202003%20ZHANGZ.

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Cheng, Kuo-Feng. "Typhoon effects on the South China Sea wave characteristics during winter monsoon." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2006. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/06Mar%5FCheng.pdf.

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Denny, Martin Anthony. "Regional strategic considerations in the Spratly Islands dispute." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18061515.

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"The study on upper ocean responses to typhoon Cimaron and eddy heat flux in the South China Sea." 2013. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5549853.

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本論文主要通過衛星遙感觀測資料和海洋數值模式的方法，來研究南海海洋上層對颱風西馬侖（2006）的回應過程，以及南海水平方向的渦度熱通量的年變化過程。
通過衛星海表溫度資料和氣候態海洋溫度資料反演颱風西馬侖引起的混合層加深的問題。反演結果顯示，2006年11月3日，對應海表溫度降低了4.4度，混合層則由颱風前的43.2米加深了104.5米，該結果與一維混合層模型(GOTM)的類比結果一致。此外，颱風引起的海表面溫度梯度可用來計算斜壓地轉流場和渦度。負渦度顯示了反氣旋斜壓迴圈在混合層底部最強，在50米水深處地轉流速可達到0.2米每秒。2006年11月3日，颱風西馬侖在最大的海表溫度降低的附近，向西南方向轉彎，此時行進速度比較緩慢(1.7 米每秒)進而導致在亞臨界條件弗勞德數(颱風的平移速度與第一斜壓相速度的比值)為0.6，在颱風尾區因缺少慣性重力波從而促進了海表溫度冷卻和混合層加深。通過比較Argo浮標觀測資料和氣候態資料的溫度剖面，混合層加深程度估算的誤差在10米以內。
三維海洋數值模型ROMS 用來研究颱風期間海洋物理動力和生態回應。海表溫度類比值同衛星觀測值比對得到的相關係數高達84%以上，表明ROMS基本上可以模擬在颱風期間南海的海表面溫度變化情況。但是深入研究發現由於垂向混合強度不夠，模式結果低估了海表面溫度冷卻和混合層加深，混合層深度被低估。通過增加波致混合效應(Bv)改進KPP混合方案，可以提高海表面溫度冷卻和混合層加深的模擬精度。類比結果顯示在颱風尾區，葉綠素的大規模爆發則發生在颱風經過的1周以後。透光層葉綠素濃度由颱風前的0.1 mg m⁻³ 增加到11月9日的1.9 mg m⁻³。衛星觀測顯示在颱風尾區，葉綠素濃度在11月16日仍高達0.85 mg m⁻³。
高度計的海表面高度異常值與海表面溫度的衛星觀測資料可以用來計算南海渦度熱通量。南海表層渦度熱通量的年變化趨勢表明，在南海西邊的熱通量表現出北向輸送特徵，其強度甚至與黑潮延伸區域的強熱通量相當。渦熱通量在冬季最強，熱量由南海南部流入，並且從呂宋海峽流出，甚至通過臺灣海峽進入東海海域。冬季熱通量的輻合帶主要分佈在南海東部近呂宋海峽附近海域和越南東南海域，而夏季主要集中在越南東南海域。研究表明，冬季和夏季的海表面渦度熱通量對海洋上層熱收支平衡的調整有顯著影響。
This dissertation focuses on the investigation of the upper ocean response to typhoon Cimaron (2006) and annual variations of horizontal eddy fluxes in the South China Sea (SCS) through the methods both of satellite remote sensing and numerical ocean modeling.
The mixed layer deepening induced by typhoon Cimaron is derived based on satellite observed sea surface temperature (SST) and climatological temperature profiles in the SCS. Corresponding to the SST drop of 4.4ÅC on November 3, 2006, the mixed-layer deepened by 104.5 m relative to the undisturbed depth of 43.2 m, which is consistent with the simulation results from the one-dimensional mixed-layer model (GOTM). Furthermore, baroclinic geostrophic velocity and vorticity are calculated from the surface temperature gradient caused by the typhoon. The negative vorticity, associated with the typhoon cooling, indicated an anti-cyclonic baroclinic circulation strongest at the base of the mixed-layer, and at the depth of 50 m, the geostrophic speed reached as high as 0.2 m s⁻¹. Typhoon Cimaron proceeded slowly (1.7 m s⁻¹) when it was making a southwestward turn on November 3, 2006, resulting in a subcritical condition with a Froude number (the ratio of typhoon translation speed to first baroclinic mode speed) of 0.6 around the maximum SST drop location and facilitating high SST cooling and mixed-layer deepening due to absence of inertial-gravity waves in the wake of the typhoon. Comparison of Argo buoy data with the climatological temperature suggests that the average uncertainty in the mixed-layer deepening estimation caused by the difference between Argo and climatological temperature profiles is less than 10 m.
The physical dynamic and biological responses to typhoon Cimaron are investigated through a three-dimensional ocean model, the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). The correlation between simulated sea surface temperature (SST) and the satellite observations is over 84%, which indicates ROMS can generally simulate the sea surface temperature in the South China Sea during typhoon process. However, detailed analysis shows that the ROMS model underestimates the sea surface temperature cooling and mixed layer deepening because of insufficient mixing in the modeling. The wave-induced mixing term (Bv) added into the nonlocal K-Profile Parameterization (KPP) scheme can increase the simulation accuracy of surface temperature cooling and mixed layer depth deepening in response to the typhoon forcing. The simulation results show that the blooming of phytoplankton in the wake of storm appeared one week later after typhoon’s passage. The concentration of chlorophyll is 0.1 mg m⁻³ at pre-typhoon time and increase to 1.9 mg m⁻³ on November 9. Satellite Observation indicates the concentration of chlorophyll in wake of typhoon Cimaron was also in a high value of 0.85 mg m⁻³ on November 16.
The eddy heat flux in the SCS is derived from the satellite data including the altimeter surface height anomalies and optimally interpolated sea surface temperature. The long term heat flux shows a northward heat transport on the west side of the SCS, comparable to that in other strong flux regions such as the Kuroshio extension. The eddy flux becomes the strongest in winter with the inflow flux in the south and the outflow through the Luzon, and the eddy heat can flux through the Taiwan Strait into the East China Sea. The convergence of the flux indicates that heat accumulation in the eastern SCS close to Luzon Strait in winter and also to southeast of Vietnam in winter and summer. The eddy heat flux is more significant in adjusting the ocean upper layer heat budget flux in winter and summer.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Detailed summary in vernacular field only.
Sun, Yujuan.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-111).
Abstracts also in Chinese.
Abstract --- p.ii
摘要 --- p.v
Acknowledgements --- p.vii
Table of Contents --- p.viii
List of Tables --- p.x
List of figures --- p.xi
Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter 1.1 --- Ocean responses to typhoons (or tropical storms and hurricanes) --- p.4
Chapter 1.2 --- Eddy Heat Transport --- p.9
Chapter 2. --- The one-dimension remote sensing model (the mixed-layer deepening) --- p.11
Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.11
Chapter 2.2 --- Data and Methodology --- p.11
Chapter 2.3 --- Results --- p.16
Chapter 2.4 --- One-dimensional mixed-layer model --- p.17
Chapter 2.5 --- Discussions --- p.20
Chapter 2.5.1 --- Horizontal baroclinic pressure gradient and vorticity --- p.20
Chapter 2.5.2 --- Effects of subsurface temperature variation on the mixed-layer deepening --- p.22
Chapter 2.6 --- Summary --- p.28
Chapter 3. --- Three-dimensional numerical ocean model --- p.29
Chapter 3.1 --- Model description --- p.29
Chapter 3.1.1 --- Physical model --- p.30
Chapter 3.1.2 --- Biological model --- p.34
Chapter 3.2 --- Model setting --- p.40
Chapter 3.2.1 --- Initial and lateral boundary conditions --- p.41
Chapter 3.2.3 --- Bio-module setting --- p.47
Chapter 3.3 --- Model result validation --- p.51
Chapter 3.3.1 --- Satellite observations --- p.51
Chapter 3.3.2 --- Validations of observations and simulations --- p.54
Chapter 3.4 --- Model results analysis --- p.56
Chapter 3.4.1 --- Ocean temperature --- p.56
Chapter 3.4.2 --- Ocean current --- p.62
Chapter 3.4.3 --- bio-results of simulation --- p.70
Chapter 3.4.4 --- Effect of the wave-induced mixing --- p.77
Chapter 3.5 --- summary --- p.83
Chapter 4. --- Annual Variations of Horizontal Eddy Heat Flux in the South China Sea --- p.84
Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.84
Chapter 4.2 --- Methodology and data --- p.86
Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.89
Chapter 4.4 --- Summary --- p.96
Chapter 5. --- Conclusion --- p.97
Chapter 6. --- Future work --- p.100
Bibliography --- p.101

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Huang, Szu-yu, and 黃思瑜. "Impacts of typhoons and winter monsoons on biogeochemical processes in the northern South China Sea." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f7y35r.

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碩士
國立中山大學
海洋科學系研究所
102
Both satellite and field observations have shown that extreme weather events (EWEs), such as typhoons and winter storms, enhance chlorophyll a (chl a) concentrations in the South China Sea (SCS). However, detailed hydrographic and particulate organic carbon (POC) flux data are usually hard to obtain because of sampling difficulties on the sea shortly before and after an EWE.　To better understand the biogeochemical responses (including concentrations of nutrients, chl a, POC and POC flux) in the SCS to the passage of typhoons and winter storms, hydrographic data were collected during the period of 13 cruises conducted from September 2012 to June 2014 by R/V Ocean Researcher III or V in the northern SCS. Floating sediment traps were used to collect sinking particles at the bottom of the euphotic zone, and the samples collected were used to estimate POC export fluxes. I analyzed seasonal variations in biogeochemical parameters and investigated the effects of typhoons and winter storms on these parameters. The results indicate that POC fluxes did not show distinct seasonal variations, the average POC flux was 48 ± 6 mg-C m−2 d−1 without EWE effects. The POC fluxes after the passage of typhoons Tembin and Soulik, and the passage of several winter storms were 78 ± 12、115 ± 16 and 95 ± 13 mg-C m−2 d−1, respectively. These values were 1.6- to 2.4-fold higher than those obtained without EWE effects. The average surface chl a concentrations in spring, autumn and winter in the northern South China Sea were 0.34, 0.10 and 0.54 μg L−1, respectively. The highest chl a concentration occurred in winter, suggesting that the strong vertical mixing and nutrient entrainment from subsurface water to the euphotic zone induced by strong wind enhance phytoplankton growth. When compared to field chl a data, we found that chl a data obtained by Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) exhibited a tendency to underestimate chl a concentrations. In coastal waters, however, the MODIS chl a concentrations were overestimated. The error between field observations and satellite MODIS data may be strongly affected by dissolved organic matter and suspended particles in the water column. Therefore, satellite MODIS chl a data need to be validated using more field data. The results presented in this thesis provide clear evidence that EWEs can trigger elevated organic particle export from the euphotic zone to the deeper ocean in the northern SCS. Regarding the affected area and period (winter storm &;gt; typhoon), a winter storm seems to sequester more carbon in the ocean as compared to a typhoon.

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Chen, Peng-Jen, and 陳鵬任. "Diurnal variation of convection over South China Sea region during summer monsoon onset." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20443866219417607570.

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碩士
國立臺灣大學
大氣科學研究所
104
The South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon is the bridge between the south Asia and East Asia systems. The better understanding of the evolution of precipitation and cloud patterns during monsoon onset period can help to understand the relationships between convection and environment, as well as the physical mechanisms of the Asian monsoon transition. Precipitation over the SCS exhibits significant diurnal variation during both pre- and post-onset periods. The post-onset southwesterly winds and land-sea breeze enhances the convergence at the low level and generates the convection. To better understand the changes of diurnal variation of convection during monsoon onset period, this study analyzed multiple datasets including the reanalysis data, the TRMM precipitation estimates, and the DARDAR-MASK and 2B-FLXHR-LIDAR cloud products. Climatological statistics for analyzed periods were derived for (1) temporal and spatial distribution of precipitation diurnal cycle, (2) the vertical cloud frequency, cloud types, and size of convection clouds, and (3) the cloud radiative effects. The post-onset precipitation diurnal cycle (DC) exhibits enhanced amplitude and the peak time over ocean becomes more synchronized. After monsoon onset, over the northern SCS, the cloud frequency, number, and size of convective cloud shows a significant increase. The cloud radiative effect becomes stronger. Over the southern SCS, the change in cloud frequency is more significant than the change in rainfall. The number and size of convective cloud both decrease. The present results indicate a change in convection organization after the monsoon onset. Future study can be focused on the investigation of the mechanisms of such organization, including the roles of environmental moisture and vertical wind shear, the interactions between local land-sea breeze and mean wind, and effects of topography.

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Hsieh, Wei-Peng, and 謝瑋芃. "Taxonomy of Acrothoracican barnacles in the Western-Pacific and the South China Sea region." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15167964950278824346.

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碩士
國立臺灣海洋大學
海洋生物研究所
100
Acrothoracican barnacles, also known as the boring barnacles, bores into the marine calcareous structures, including corals, gastropod and hermit crab shells, and the limestone rocks. At present, Kolbasov (2009) indicate acrothoracican barnacles consists of 65 species in 11 genera, three families and two orders of acrothoracican barnacles have been record worldwide. However, almost most of the studies in Acrothoracica were about its taxonomy. There were not many papers about its ecology. Diversity study of acorthoracican barnacles in Western Pacific Region is especially rare. In the past taxonomic studies in Taiwan, only Balanodytes taiwanus was described by Utinomi (1950) in Kaohsiung, and little information was known about the ecology and distribution pattern in Taiwan. This study focus on the identification and taxonomic studies of acrothoracican barnacles in the Western Pacific Region and South China Sea including Taiwan, Hong Kong, Vietnam, Philippines. We found eight genera Balanodytes, Auritoglyptes, Berndtia, Kochlorine, Lithoglyptes, Weltneria, Trypetesa, Cryptophialus and 15 species. 4 new species were identified and with 7 new record for Taiwan.

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Valeček, Nikola. "The territorial disputes in the region of South China Sea - case study of selected countries in the region." Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-250967.

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Diploma thesis deals with disputes of contested territory in South China Sea region and describes the maritime trade in the region using statistical techniques. The theoretical part is focused on regional security of the region and legalistic theories. In practical part are described historical actions that took place in South China Sea and analysis of the commodities going through the South China Sea region. Analysis is based on Container port throughput, Liner shipping Connectivity index and export and import groups of goods and their impact on balance of trade.

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Chuang, Hsueh-Lung, and 莊學龍. "Spatiotemporal Variation, Chemical Fingerprint, and Source Identification of Atmospheric Fine Particles Long-range Transported toward the Intersectional Region of Taiwan Strait and South China Sea." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60059408257754927981.

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碩士
國立中山大學
環境工程研究所
104
The deterioration of ambient air quality across the Taiwan strait, including Chinese haze, Asian duststorms and Indochina biomass burning, is highly correlated with industrial emissions, natural soil weathering and swidden agriculture. Under certain meteorological conditions, air pollutants could be blown to the downwind countries/regions and cause poor ambient air quality. Previous literature reported that the northern prevailing winds commonly blow the haze originated from northern China to central and southern China, Taiwan, and even Dongsha Islands. Therefore, the intersectional region of Taiwan Strait and South China Sea is an important air quality monitoring site for long-range transportation. This study selected two PM2.5 sampling sites (i.e. Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands) located at the intersectional region of Taiwan Strait and South China Sea. Twenty-four hour sampling of PM2.5 was simultaneously collected at Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands for continuous 14 days in four seasons from summer 2015 to spring 2016. PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected with BGI-PQ200. After sampling, PM2.5 samples were carried back to the laboratory for conditioning, weighing, and chemical analysis. The chemical composition of PM2.5 including water-soluble ionic species, metallic elements, carbonaceous contents, and anhydrosugar. Moreover, the potential sources of PM2.5 and their contribution were further identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model. Field sampling results indicated that the spatial distribution of PM2.5 concentration increased from south to north. The lowest seasonal averaged PM2.5 concentrations were observed in summer at both Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands. PM2.5 concentrations increased gradually since fall, which might be influenced by the northeastern monsoons since air masses could be transported from the north toward Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands. Air masses blown from South China Sea in summer were much cleaner than those blown from the north in fall, winter, and spring. Chemical analysis results showed that the most abundant water-soluble ionic species of PM2.5 were secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs) including SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ which accounted for 50~70% of water-soluble ions (WSIs). The most abundant metallic elements of PM2.5 were crustal elements (Mg, K, Ca, Fe, and Al), while anthropogenic elements (V, Cr, Mn, Ni, As, Cd, and Pb) concentration increased since fall. Organic carbon (OC) was the main species in all seasons, and OC/EC ratios increased during the northeastern monsoon periods. The levoglucosan concentrations in summer and fall were commonly lower than those in winter and spring, showing that PM2.5 concentrations were highly influenced by biomass burning in winter and spring. Correlation analysis results obtained from paired t test showed that the p values of PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition were 0.001 and 0.004, respectively, between two subtropic islands, showing that they had high correlation. In addition to spring, both PM2.5 concentration and chemical composition had high correlation in summer, fall, and winter, because the transportation routes toward these two Islands were not similar in spring. The correlation of PM2.5 concentration for different routes showed that the southern routes were generally lower than the northern routes. Oppositely, the correlation of chemical composition for different routes showed that the northern routes were higher than the southern routes and the southern routes was not correlated, showing that the transportation routes were different toward the two Islands for the southern routes. Results from PCA and CMB receptor modeling showed that major sources of PM2.5 concentrations were at Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands were sea salts, soil dusts, fuel burning, mobile sources, and secondary aerosols. Since fall, both pollutant sources and their contributions increased, especially for anthropogenic sources including petrochemical plants, steel plants, biomass burning and etc. The contributions of industrial sources (e.g. incinerators, petrochemical, steel, and cement industries) increased almost twice from summer to fall. In winter and spring, biomass burning caused different seasonal trends between Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands. Levoglucosan concentrations in spring were higher than those in winter at Penghu Islands, while levoglucosan concentrations in winter were higher than those in spring at Dongsha islands, showing that the sources of biomass burning might be different at Penghu Islands and Dongsha Islands. Overall, cross-boundary transport accounted for 28.4~61.0% at Penghu Islands and 36.4~76.8% at Dongsha Islands, respectively, showing that both islands were highly influenced by the cross-boundary transport, especially at Dongsha Islands.

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Petrtýl, Martin. "Čína v globální a regionální politice v 21.století - geopolitický střet s Japonskem, Indií, USA, Ruskem a Evropou." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-356368.

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CHINA IN GLOBAL AND REGIONAL POLITICS IN THE 21ST CENTURY - GEOPOLITICAL CLASH WITH JAPAN, INDIA, USA, RUSSIA AND EUROPE Mgr. Martin Petrtýl Supervisor: Doc. Dr. Bořivoj Hnízdo, PhD. Institute of Political Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences This dissertation discusses the current and future role of China in the 21st century. I worked with the idea to prepare a systematically detailed analytical study of the country in relation to its surroundings as well as its internal environment for more than 8 years, including many interruptions. I, above all, contemplated about the way how to truly scientifically, i.e. credibly, it means in the maximum possible the limits of verifiability, develop a full work that could hold up to the colleagues from the scientific community and myself. It is logical it was and is my attempt to allow minimal possibility of any criticism of this work for its formal, content, or other deficiencies. First, I decided to analyse in some detail the currently known theoretical approaches and methods of study, not only in political sciences, especially those used by political geographers, but also in other related fields, especially in the field of study of international relations, sociology, political science or general security studies. I did not want to study the issue is the...

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Books on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

China Sea. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2000.

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The survival of empire: Portuguese trade and society in China and the South China Sea, 1630-1754. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986.

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Pacific, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Asia and the. Reaffirming the peaceful and collaborative resolution of maritime and jurisdictional disputes in the South China Sea and the East China Sea as provided for by universally recognized principles of international law, and reaffirming the strong support of the United States Government for freedom of navigation and other internationally lawful uses of sea and airspace in the Asia-Pacific region: Markup before the Subcommittee on Asia and the Pacific of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session on H. Res. 714, September 17, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 2014.

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Navy Dept. Bureau of Yards and Docks. Native Woods for Construction Purposes in the South China Sea Region. University Press of the Pacific, 2006.

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Keyuan, Zou. 28 The South China Sea. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715481.003.0028.

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This chapter assesses the legal regime of the South China Sea. It first discusses legal issues concerning the South China Sea, including sovereignty and territorial disputes, maritime disputes, the controversy over China's ‘U-shaped’ line, and the relation between conventional rights deriving from the UN Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) and historic rights embodied in international customary law. It then considers the applicable international law in the South China Sea including the LOSC and regional arrangements such as the 2002 Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea. The final section considers the latest developments in the South China Sea including the Philippines v China case. It discusses the possibility of cooperation in the region between or amongst claimants as well as between ASEAN and China through feasible means, such as joint development, joint management of fishery resources, common responsibilities for the protection of the marine environment and cooperation in non-traditional security issues.

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Wang, QunPeng, ZhengRong Sha, JinShui Zhang, and AnQi Wang. Innovative Research on the Classification of Merchant Ships in the South China Sea of Prevention Typhoons: ???????????????? LONGMAN PRESS LTD, 2022.

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Elleman, Bruce. China’s Naval Operations in the South China Sea. Renaissance Books, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9781898823674.

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This book provides a history of the South China Sea conflict and lays out the stakes for each of the bordering states and China’s interaction with them – namely, Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Indonesia; it also examines the U.S. government’s role in the region. China’s Naval Operations in the South China Sea is highly topical; it examines the evolving perception of the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) of the South China Sea (SCS), and Beijing’s accompanying maritime strategy to claim the islands and waters, particularly in the context of the strategies of the neighbouring stake-holding nations. In addition to long-standing territorial disputes over the islands and waters of the SCS, China and the other littoral states — Vietnam, the Philippines, Brunei, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Indonesia — have growing and often mutually exclusive interests in the offshore energy reserves and fishing grounds. Many other countries outside of the region worry about the protection of sea lines of communication for military and commercial traffic, oil tankers in particular. These differences have been expressed in the increasing frequency and intensity of maritime incidents, involving both naval and civilian vessels, sometimes working in coordination against naval or civilian targets. Each chapter on the littoral states closely examines that state’s territorial claims to the islands and waters of the SCS, its primary economic and military interests in these areas, its views on the sovereignty disputes over the entire SCS, its strategy to achieve its objectives, and its views on the U.S. involvement in any and all of these issues.

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Souza, G. B. Survival of Empire: Portuguese Trade and Society in China and the South China Sea 1630-1754. Cambridge University Press, 2009.

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Souza, G. B. The Survival of Empire: Portuguese Trade and Society in China and the South China Sea 16301754. Cambridge University Press, 2004.

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Souza, G. B. Survival of Empire: Portuguese Trade and Society in China and the South China Sea, 1630-1754. Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

Perez-Garcia, Manuel. "Silver, Rogues, and Trade Networks: Sangleyes and Manila Galleons Connecting the Spanish Empire and Qing China." In Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History, 123–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7865-6_4.

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Abstract This chapter examines the structure of trade in the South China Sea region through an analysis of merchant networks operating in this geographical area. Trade networks were long-distance partnerships that changed over time after the early arrival of Spanish and European missionaries to the Philippines, Macao, and Canton

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Wang, Dawei, Shiguo Wu, Genshun Yao, Fuliang Lü, and Michael Strasser. "Analysis of Quaternary Mass Transport Deposits Based on Seismic Data in Southern Deep-Water Region of Qiongdongnan Basin, South China Sea." In Landslide Science for a Safer Geoenvironment, 575–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04996-0_88.

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Wu, Chunming. "Searching for the Prehistoric Seafaring Craft Between Southeast Coast of China and the Pacific Islands." In The Archaeology of Asia-Pacific Navigation, 161–85. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4079-7_7.

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AbstractThe historical documents and archaeological discoveries inform that sophisticated maritime cultures had been developed thousands of years ago along southeast coast of China and adjacent Southeast Asia. The indigenous Bai Yue (百越) ethnicities carried out early navigation between the coastal region East and Southeast Asia since Neolithic age, that is earlier before than the migration of Han people from North to South 2000 years ago (Chang, K.C. 1989; Rolett, B.V. 2007; Wu, C.M. 2019). These Neolithic seafaring groups have also been taken as the origin of the Pacific Austronesians (Chang, K.C. et al. 1964; Chang, K.C. 1987a; Rolett, B.V. et al. 2002; Wu, C.M. 2012a). By what kind of craft did they take on the great sea thousands of years ago? Archaeologists, historians, ethno-historians, and maritime culture researchers argued with different viewpoints.

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Wu, Chunming. "The Inheritance of Island Yi and the Acculturation of Maritime Fan in the Han People on Southeast Coast of China." In The Archaeology of Asia-Pacific Navigation, 119–41. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4079-7_5.

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AbstractThe Han people of southern China living in the coastal regions lying to the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River show a series of distinctive essences of physique, language or dialect, lifestyle and economic pattern, religion and worship of supernatural spirits, cultural orientations to the oceans and maritime character and so on. The maritime orientation of “living on boats as home, depending on sea as lifestyle, trading with Maritime Fan (诸番) ” was the most prominent characters of the Han people in south of China, especially in the southeast coast in Zhejiang, Fujian, and Guangdong. The accumulation and assimilation of the prehistoric and early indigenous Bai Yue (百越), Island Yi (岛夷) and proto-Austronesian of the Maritime Region of Southeastern Asia, as well as the immigration and acculturation of the overseas ethnic groups of foreign Maritime Fan since the medieval ages, were the two main sources of the formation and development of the unique maritime cultural character of the Han people in southeast coast of China.

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Wu, Zhiyuan, and Mack Conde. "Response of the Coastal Ocean to Tropical Cyclones." In Current Topics in Tropical Cyclone Research. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.90620.

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The Northwest Pacific and the South China Sea region are the birthplaces of most monsoon disturbances and tropical cyclones and are an important channel for the generation and transmission of water vapor. The Northwest Pacific plays a major role in regulating interdecadal and long-term changes in climate. China experiences the largest number of typhoon landfalls and the most destructive power affected by typhoons in the world. The hidden dangers of typhoon disasters are accelerating with the acceleration of urbanization, the rapid development of economic construction and global warming. The coastal cities are the most dynamic and affluent areas of China’s economic development. They are the strong magnetic field that attracts international capital in China, and are also the most densely populated areas and important port groups in China. Although these regions are highly developed, they are vulnerable to disasters. When typhoons hit, the economic losses and casualties caused by gale, heavy rain and storm surges were particularly serious. This chapter reviews the response of coastal ocean to tropical cyclones, included sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, storm surge simulation and extreme rainfall under the influence of tropical cyclones.

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"I: THE GEOLOGY AND PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE REGION." In South China Sea Oil, 7–18. ISEAS Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/9789814376648-003.

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Zhang, Lei. "Environmental security in the South China Sea region." In The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, 148–61. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058585-10.

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"8. Energy and Geopolitics in the South China Sea." In Energy Issues in the Asia-Pacific Region, 174–200. ISEAS Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/9789814279291-012.

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Conference papers on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

Botao, Xie, Ren Xuhe, Li Jiagang, and Huang Bigui. "The Application of Extreme Value Calculation Model Based on Deductive Method in South China Sea." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-78335.

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The marine environmental conditions of typhoon affected area in South China Sea (SCS) in China are complicated. The parameters of wind, wave and current speed of different return period are the basis of the selection of oilfield project and the important role of development cost evaluation. Based on the deduction method of API specification, the design criteria of the typhoon in SCS oil and gas regions with the two-layer nested model combined with typhoon numerical model is proposed in this paper. The statistical analysis of typhoon characteristics were presented, then wind speed of all the blocks in north part of SCS induced by typhoon with long return period was calculated. The prediction accuracy of the design parameters of long return period is improved by this model.

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Li, Lixiao, Ahsan Kareem, Yiqing Xiao, Lili Song, and Peng Qin. "Wind Profile and Spectra in Typhoon-Prone Regions in South China." In ATC & SEI Conference on Advances in Hurricane Engineering 2012. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784412626.081.

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Xie, Botao, Xuhe Ren, Jiagang Li, Wenyang Duan, Junrong Wang, and Binbin Zhao. "Study on Gust Parameters and Wind Spectrum of South China Sea." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95779.

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Abstract Wind loads are one of the main loads on offshore structures during typhoons in the South China Sea (SCS). The accuracy of wind turbulence characteristic parameters were very important for the calculation of wind load of these large structures and floating platforms. The parameters of the gust factor and wind spectra are studied in this paper. Characteristics of the gust factor and the turbulence during typhoon and monsoon period were analyzed by using the observational data of long-term wind on a platform in South China Sea. The relationships among the gust factor, mean wind speed and turbulence intensity were described. The most suitable wind spectrum for SCS had been compared for the different wind speed conditions. The results can provide reference and technical guarantee for the offshore constructions of SCS.

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Shang, Jihong, Jiabiao Li, and Fanlin Yang. "Study of Tectonic Evolutionary History in Region of Northeast South China Sea." In OCEANS 2007 - Europe. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceanse.2007.4302229.

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Li, Ya. "Fundamental Engineering Characteristics of Cohesive Sediments in the Northern Region of South China Sea." In IFCEE 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481639.013.

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Li, Shuzhao, Xu Jia, Zhigang Li, and Jiagang Li. "Fundamental Engineering Characteristics of Cohesive Sediments in the Northern Region of South China Sea." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96599.

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Abstract The northern region of South China Sea is the important strategic region for the offshore oil and gas resources development in China. The main shallow sediment of the region is the cohesive soil with diverse engineering characteristics difficult to be determined. The paper collects the comprehensive geotechnical data obtained from the laboratory test and the in-situ Cone Penetration Test (CPT) for the offshore oil and gas projects in the northern region of South China Sea, and presents the fundamental engineering characteristics of the cohesive soil. Results indicate that the cohesive soil with the low plasticity index and the low clay particle content in shallow water is obviously different from that in deep water in the northern region of South China Sea. The physical properties of the clay soil with the high plasticity index and high clay particle content in the northern deep water region of South China Sea are similar to those found in the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa. Moreover, there are two different deposit modes for the sediment in the northern region of South China Sea, which are the fine-grained and coarse-grained govern deposit modes in deep and shallow water respectively. It is found that the sleeve friction ratio of the cohesive sediment is very low in shallow water. The normalized values of the clay soil in deep water are consistent with those from the Gulf of Mexico and West Africa.

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Yang, Qiulong, Kunde Yang, Chunlong Huang, Hong Liu, and Ying Zhang. "Seasonal statistics of experimental oceanic noise observed in the deep region of the South China Sea." In Global Oceans 2020: Singapore - U.S. Gulf Coast. IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieeeconf38699.2020.9389115.

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Deng, Tianan, Huan-Feng Duan, Jinghua Wang, and Alireza Keramat. "Spatio-temporal analysis of wave energy capacity in the Northern South China Sea Region using the SWAN model." In Proceedings of the 39th IAHR World Congress From Snow to Sea. Spain: International Association for Hydro-Environment Engineering and Research (IAHR), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/iahr-39wc252171192022684.

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Wu, Qingsong, and Xiao-Hua Zhu. "Determination of temperature profile from an acoustic method in the region northeast of the South China Sea." In 2011 4th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing (CISP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cisp.2011.6100768.

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Tung, Aaron, and Claus Otto. "Lessons Learnt from Ospar and the North Sea: The Importance of Establishing a Regional Decommissioning Agreement in the South China Sea Region." In SPE Symposium: Decommissioning and Abandonment. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/199207-ms.

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Reports on the topic "Typhoons South China Sea Region"

St. Laurent, Louis. Internal Wave Generation Processes at Deep-Sills in the Luzon Passage Region of the South China Sea. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada590524.

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Miller, Mark S. Maintaining Peace in the South China Sea and the Spratly Islands: Are there Acceptable Alternatives to the US Naval Forces Forward Deployed in the Asia Pacific Region? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada401689.

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