Journal articles on the topic 'Type Section'
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1
Singh, Harbhajan, and Vijay Dhir. "Comparative Study of Sentiment Analysis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetic Patients Using Apache Flume and Hive." Webology 19, no. 1 (January 20, 2022): 4035–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v19i1/web19266.
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The Hadoop ecosystem platform has been used to perform sentiment analysis of the opinion regarding type 1 and type 2 diabetes. This research work concentrates on exploring the public opinion about assumptions, thinking and behavior towards the condition of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Tweets from twitter have been taken as dataset for sentiment analysis for the research. After conducting a set of repetitive experiments, it has been concluded that people feel more negative about type 2 diabetes. They are more pessimistic about the diet and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Present paper is divided mainly into four sections. The first section, gives an overview of the sentiment analysis and diabetes. The proposed work and methodology have been included in the second section. The third section contains the whole experiment work to support the results. In the fourth section, results regarding opinions about type 1 and type 2 diabetes have been illustrated using bar charts obtained from the experiments followed by concluding remarks, future scope and significance of the research.
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Lambert, Lance L., Gordon L. Bell, John A. Fronimos, Bruce R. Wardlaw, and Murtala O. Yisa. "Conodont biostratigraphy of a more complete Reef Trail Member section near the type section, latest Guadalupian Series type region." Micropaleontology 56, no. 1-2 (2010): 233–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.56.1.09.
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The original type section of the Reef Trail Member (uppermost part of the Bell Canyon Formation) is called the Park Boundary Section, and is less than satisfactory in several aspects. We propose a new reference section designated Reef Trail Reference section 1 (RTR1) on the same hill as the original type section. Section RTR1 compensates for some of the Park Boundary Section’s shortcomings, including better exposure of a single measured section with only minor offset. The conodont biostratigraphy of section RTR1 is presented that, when combined with a better set of described correlation intervals, allows for improved correlation to recently discovered, complete, basinal sections in the Patterson Hills. In comparison with the South Boundary basin section, both the Park Boundary and RTR1 sections are missing approximately the upper third of the Reef Trail Member. Transitional conodonts from the basin demonstrate that Jinogondolella crofti evolved directly from J. altudaensis. We formally elevate Clarkina postbitteri hongshuiensis to C. hongshuiensis.
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Mallipaddi, Venkata, and Michael Anderson. "Evaluating Safety of Type-A Weaving Sections Using Geometric and Traffic Operational Factors." International Journal of Statistics and Probability 9, no. 6 (September 24, 2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijsp.v9n6p21.
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The efficiency and safety of type-A freeway weaving sections in urban areas are constrained by recurrent bottlenecks. Limited space in freeway weaving sections cause traffic congestion and crashes during peak-hours. Various factors, including length of weaving section, continuity of lanes, and number of lanes will have significant effects on the level of service and safety performance of the weaving sections. Eight years (2010-2017) of crash data in the type-A weaving sections was used in this analysis. The objective of this study aims to evaluate geometric design factors and operational factors on total crashes and each of the four crash types: rear-end, sideswipe, angle, and single-vehicle in type-A weaving sections using traditional negative binomial approach and develop crash modification factors (CMFs) to improve safety in the type-A weaving section. The results revealed that on-ramp traffic per hour, off-ramp traffic per hour, non-weaving traffic per hour, weaving ratio, length of the weaving section, direction of the freeway, width of inside shoulder, and width of outside shoulder were influencing crashes in type-A weaving sections. Furthermore, the estimated crash modification factors (CMFs) result revealed that total crashes gradually decrease as inside shoulder width increases. This implies that widening inside shoulder width have positive effects on weaving section safety. In addition, ramp metering, and advisory warning signs could improve safety in type-A weaving sections.
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Jones, Lawrence S., and Cassandra R. Fenton. "Revisions to the Wanakah Formation in and around Ouray County, Colorado." Mountain Geologist 59, no. 2 (April 28, 2022): 77–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.59.2.77.
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A well-defined type section and consistent nomenclature are fundamental requirements for successful correlation of stratigraphic units and subsequent accurate paleogeographic reconstructions. The exact location of the original type section of the Middle Jurassic Wanakah Formation of the eastern Colorado Plateau was found in Ouray County, Colorado. Two nearby reference sections are described that supplement the lithologic descriptions in the original type section. These reference sections and the original type section constitute a “principal reference section” for the Wanakah Formation. Informal names “upper shale beds”, “marl member”, and “beds at Sawpit” have been used to describe the uppermost member of the Wanakah. These terms are replaced with the formal name, “Crooked Tree Member of the Wanakah Formation”, in the reference sections to avoid confusion, foster consistent usage, and facilitate litho-stratigraphic correlation.
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Easa, Said M. "Simplifying roadway cross sections without reducing volume accuracy." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 16, no. 4 (August 1, 1989): 483–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l89-078.
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A method for simplifying irregular ground profile of roadway cross sections by a straight line is presented. The presented method does not affect the accuracy of earthwork volume computations. Two types of cross sections are considered: cut (or fill) and transition sections. For a cut (or fill) section, the simplified section is designed such that its area equals that of the original section. This is accomplished by adjusting the least-squares (LS) parameters. Three cases of adjustments that depend on the area of the original section and the unadjusted LS parameters are presented. These cases preserve the section type (cut or fill) and, as much as possible, the general shape of the original section. For a transition section, the simplified section is designed such that its cut and fill areas equal those of the original section. These conditions of equal areas are used to develop formulas for designing the simplified section directly. Application of the method is illustrated by numerical examples. Key words: roadway, cross section, irregular, least squares, linear profile, earthwork volume.
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Song, Ohseop, and Sung-Kyun Kim. "1510 Dynamic Responses of Composite H-Type Cross-Section Beams." Proceedings of The Computational Mechanics Conference 2010.23 (2010): 600–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmecmd.2010.23.600.
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Bubík, Miroslav, Juraj Franců, Helena Gilíková, Jiří Otava, and Lilian Švábenická. "Upper Cretaceous to Lower Miocene of the Subsilesian Unit (Western Carpathians, Czech Republic): stratotypes of formations revised." Geologica Carpathica 67, no. 3 (June 1, 2016): 239–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/geoca-2016-0016.
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Abstract Type sections/areas for all four formations distinguished in the sedimentary succession of the Subsilesian Unit on Czech territory were revisited and described. New data on lithology, sedimentology, fossil record, biostratigraphy, heavy-minerals and geochemical proxies are based on observations and analysis of these sections. The historical type section of the Frýdek Formation was destroyed during railway construction in 19th century. Outcrops of Campanian to Maastrichtian marls and sandstones on the southwestern slope of “Castle hill” at Frýdek, are proposed as a new type section. The Ostravice riverbed in Frýdlant nad Ostravicí was originally designated as the type area, not mentioning the particular section. This area, even when supplemented with Sibudov Creek, does not show all typical facies of the formation. The outcrops range from lowermost Eocene to Eocene-Oligocene transition. In the original description of the Menilite Formation Glocker mentioned several localities in the area covering the Ždanice, Subsilesian and Silesian units, not mentioning the principal one. The single sections, each not exceeding a thickness of 2 m, are not sufficient to be a type section. Instead of that, we propose the area between Paršovice and Bystřice pod Hostýnem, covering the historical localities, as the type area. The type locality of the Ženklava Formation is an outcrop in an unnamed creek in Ženklava according to the original definition. It seems to be reasonable to extend the type section to the whole 500 m long section of the creek with the outcrops that better illustrate the lithological variability of the formation. New biostratigraphic data allow assignment to late Egerian (Eggenburgian?).
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Broniewicz, Miroslaw, and Filip Broniewicz. "Welds Assessment in K-Type Joints of Hollow Section Trusses with I or H Section Chords." Buildings 10, no. 3 (March 3, 2020): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10030043.
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The use of hollow section structures has received considerable attention in recent years. Since the first publication of CIDECT (International Committee for the Development and Study of Tubular Structures), additional research results became available, especially concerning the design of welds between members of trusses joints. To assess the capacity of welded joints of trusses between braces made of hollow sections and I-beam chords, the effective lengths of the welds should be estimated and their location around the braces and the forces acting on individual weld’s sections. The objective of this paper is to present the most up-to-date information to designers, teachers, and researchers according to the design of welds for certain K and N overlapped joints between rectangular hollow section (RHS) braces and I- or H-section chord.
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Changwei, Yang, Tong Xinhao, Zhang Jianjing, and Zhu Haobo. "A New Design of Bridge-Subgrade Transition Sections Applied in Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway." Complexity 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1249092.
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This paper proposes a new design of bridge-subgrade transition sections in high-speed railways, in attempt to avoid typical defects observed in such sections. Field observations show that two types of defects tend to occur at bridge-subgrade transition sections of high-speed railways: ① the stiffness of the transition is usually too high so that tensile stress and even tensile cracks occur at the top surface of reserved trapezoid transition section and ② the compaction quality cannot be guaranteed within the first two meters from the abutment, which leads to excessive differential deformation within the transition section. For solving the above defects, a new design of the transition is proposed here: the section of the first 2 m from the abutment is filled with a graded gravel that is mixed with fly ash and cement to achieve specific stiffness and strength requirement, and the rest of the transition section is filled with roller-compacted concrete. For this new type of transition section, its dynamic performance is evaluated with on-site tests and numerical analysis. The results show that the bending angle of rail surface is almost constant along the route and the settlement of the rail surface along the route is in a linear distribution, which verifies the smoother transition from the rigid abutment to the flexible subgrade. Meanwhile, this new type of bridge-subgrade transition section has been successfully applied in the 680 km-long third bidding section of the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway, which provides valuable experiences for promoting and popularizing it in future construction of high-speed railways. In addition, the construction cost of the new type of bridge-subgrade transition section is verified by an economical efficiency analysis.
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Wu, Sheng. "Mechanical Properties of New Type Cold-Formed Steel Box-Shaped Component Welding Section Members." Applied Mechanics and Materials 351-352 (August 2013): 601–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.351-352.601.
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Cold-formed steel box-shaped section has the special features in both its mass center and moment center unification as double symmetry section and its outstanding advantage in moment and torsion rigidity. This paper presents a new kind of cold-formed steel box-shaped component welding sections, that is flanges opposite welding box-shaped component section DS. The mechanical properties such as buckling modes, load carrying capacity, rigidity, ductility and correlation curves of new section members which are subjected to axial compression, flexure, combined compression and bending have been analyzed by using nonlinear finite element method. The consumed steel quantities of per unit load carrying capacity between new section members and the same section dimensions of cold-formed C-section members have been compared systematically, too. Some conclusions can be drawn from above work that the DS section members have some superior properties, such as higher load carrying capacity and section modulus especially subjected to compression load, sufficient section stiffener and the sub-element local buckling hard to happen and so on. They are particularly suitable to withstand axial compressive loads, but also suitable to withstand the bending moment and bending loads. The consumed steel quantities are as almost 50% as the same dimension C-section members. The DS section members can go deep into the experimental study as to be used in the practical engineering.
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Ibrahim, Amer M., Wissam D. Salman, and Fahad M. Bahlol. "Flexural Behavior of Concrete Composite Beams with New Steel Tube Section and Different Shear Connectors." TJES Vol26 No.1 2019 26, no. 1 (March 2019): 51–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjes.26.1.07.
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Steel hollow sections used widely in many engineering applications as structural members. This paper aims to present a study about the flexural behavior of composite beams with steel tubes sections through a series of bending tests in order to study and examine the influence of using different shapes of steel tube section (square, rectangular and hexagonal) with the same shear connector type (headed stud or angle or perfobond) on the flexural behavior and the bending properties of these sections. As well as study the effect of using different shear connectors types (headed stud, angle and perfobond) in the same steel tube section (hexagonal or square or rectangular) on the flexural behavior of composite beams. The experimental program divided into two groups, the first consists of testing nine specimens which focusing on testing three types of steel section when using shear stud at first, angle at second, perfobond at third as shear connector type. Second group consists of testing nine specimens of composite beams too, this group focusing on testing every steel section (hexagonal or square or rectangular) alone when using three types of shear connectors with it. All specimens are with length, width and height equal to 2000, 400 and 130 mm respectively. The tested steel tubes have thickness of 2 mm, yield stress of 322 MPa and the ultimate strength of 390 MPa. The results showed that these shapes of hollow steel sections (hexagonal, square and rectangular) sustain the quality of services for the buildings, and these tested specimens are applicable by giving a distinctive strength and stiffness starting from 114 kN as ultimate load reaching to 170 kN. The experimental results proved that the perfobond and angle connector types are clearly effective shear connectors, shear connector of perfobond type increased the ultimate load of composite beams by (6.25-9.74) % compared with stud shear connector.
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Rehm, Sabine, and Jerrold M. Ward. "Quantitative Analysis of Alveolar Type II Cell Tumors in Mice by Whole Lung Serial and Step Sections." Toxicologic Pathology 17, no. 4_part_2 (April 1989): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192623389017004201.
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Alveolar type II cell tumors were induced transplacentally by intraperitoneal injection of pregnant C3H/HeNCr MTV– or Swiss Webster mice with N-nitrosoethylurea at a dose of 0.5 mmol/kg and 0.74 mmol/kg. At different time points after birth (1–32 weeks), the entire lungs from 40 of the male offspring were inflated with Bouin's fixative, separated into lobes, and sectioned at 5 μm serially to detect every microscopic lesion. Results were compared with those obtained from examining only every 10th, 20th, or a single mid-level section from the same material. On average, 150 serial sections were prepared per mouse lung. Initially, only purely solid/alveolar or purely tubulopapillary types were observed but with tumor progression, papillary structures developed within solid tumors resulting in mixed neoplasms. Analyzing mouse lungs in step sections of every 10th section (50–60 μm), 5/238 (2%) of the tumors were missed, in step sections of every 20th section (100–120 μm), 16/238 (7%) of the tumors were not detected and usually less than half of the tumors were seen in the single mid-level section. The approximate size of the neoplasms is indicated by the total number of sections per tumor. The dimensions of tumors evaluated with step sections of 10 or 20 were comparable to the size observed with serial sections. It is concluded that the evaluation of mouse lung tumors in steps of approximately 50 μm is basically equivalent to the study of serial sections and appears to be a feasible method to assess the complete incidence, histological type, and size of all proliferative processes throughout the entire lung.
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Sariyar, Günay. "Biodiversity in the alkaloids of Turkish Papaver species." Pure and Applied Chemistry 74, no. 4 (January 1, 2002): 557–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200274040557.
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There are about 35 Papaver species growing in Turkey, which are grouped into eight sections, namely Argemonidium, Carinata, Glauca, Miltantha, Oxytona, Papaver, Pilosa, and Rhoeadium. As a result of our extensive work on the alkaloids of Turkish Papaver species the presence of several chemotypes has been shown. Among these chemotypes, medicinally important alkaloids such as noscapine (=narcotine), papaverine- and thebaine-containing samples have been found as new sources for the production of them. The infraspecific variation encountered within the Papaver species has been demonstrated mainly in two sections of the genus, Miltantha and Oxytona. The alkaloids of seven species (Papaver armeniacum, P. curviscapum, P. cylindricum, P. fugax, P. persicum, P. polychaetum, and P. triniifolium) of the section Miltantha have been studied, and the existence of chemical strains has been shown mainly in P. fugax, P. persicum, and P. triniifolium. Investigations on the species of the section Oxytona indicated that there is a relationship between the major alkaloid content and the chromosome numbers of the samples. Isolation of new secoberbine-type alkaloids as well as promorphinane- and morphinane-types has revealed the biosynthetic relationship between the alkaloids of Miltantha and Oxytona species. Chemical races are also known for species of Papaver within other sections of the genus. P. lateritium of Turkish origin from section Pilosa yielded some secoberbine and protoberberine types, whereas P. rhopalothece of the section Rhoeadium contained narcotine as a major alkaloid. Isolation of spirobenzylisoquinoline type from P. argemone (sect. Argemonidium) was the first report of the occurrence of this type in the Papaveraceae.
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Mehta, Bharati, Bharti Bhandari, Parul Sharma, and Rimplejeet Kaur. "Short Answer Open-Ended versus Multiple-Choice Questions: A Comparison of Objectivity." Annals of the National Academy of Medical Sciences (India) 52, no. 03 (July 2016): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1712619.
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Abstract Objectives: We designed our study with the hypothesis that open ended Short Answer type Questions (SAQs), no matter how carefully framed, cannot be as objective as Multiple Choice type Questions (MCQs). Methods: The study was conducted on 1st year MBBS students (n=99) studying at AIIMS, Jodhpur. A written test on 'Blood & Immunity' was conducted containing same questions in two formats; twelve MCQs (type E) in section A and 12 SAQs in section B. Maximum marks for all questions in both sections were equal. All the answers of section B were evaluated separately by two different examiners to reduce the subjectivity and a model answer sheet for both the sections was prepared and provided to both the examiners. Results: The difference in the scores in Section B SAQs that were evaluated by two different examiners was not statistically significant. Mean of the marks awarded by the two examiners was taken as the final score of each student in section B. The difference in the scores by the students in the two sections was also non-significant (p=0.14). A significant correlation (r=0.99, p<0.0001) was found in SAQ and MCQ scores. Bland- Altman analysis also showed no proportion of bias and the two methods of scoring were in agreement with each other. Conclusion: The results suggest that meticulously-framed open-ended short answer type questions can be as objective as multiple choice type questions.
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Liang, Shidong, Hu Zhang, and Minghui Ma. "Design of Short-Turning Service for a Bus Route with Hybrid Vehicle Type." Symmetry 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2019): 1140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11091140.
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On the high-demand bus route where there are commuting passengers, the stops for boarding and alighting passengers are concentrated in a certain section of the route. According to this demand pattern, transit operators need to respond symmetrically. Short-turning services promise benefits for both users and operators because a proportion of vehicles runs within shorter cycles and address a greater demand. The design of short-turning services mainly involves defining running section and frequency. Due to two sections of high and low demand being distinguished under the short-turning service, dealing with each section by vehicle type and selecting an appropriate vehicle type for each section can satisfy passengers demand well, instead of a single vehicle type. Considering the interests of passengers and buses, this paper establishes objective functions to determine the running section of short-turning buses by frequencies and vehicle types. Two optimization models with single and hybrid vehicle type are formulated that can be compared with each other and reflect the differences of method with hybrid vehicle type. Load factor is established as a performance measure to express the degree of utilization of bus resources. A layer-by-layer search method incorporating Monte Carlo simulation is proposed to solve the optimization model. Finally, the optimization approach is tested based on a bus route in Changchun City. Sensitivity analyses are then performed on the passenger demand and travel time.
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Bolyukh, V. F. "EXCITATION OF A PULSE ELECTROMECHANICAL CONVERTER OF ELECTRODYNAMIC TYPE FROM A TWO-SECTION CAPACITOR ENERGY STORAGE." Tekhnichna Elektrodynamika 2021, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/techned2021.02.058.
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A mathematical model of a pulsed electromechanical converter (PEC) of electrodynamic type has been developed, in which the solutions of the equations are presented in a recurrent form, which, when numerically implemented, allows taking into account the interrelated electrical, magnetic, mechanical and thermal processes and their nonlinear parameters. While maintaining the total energy of the pulsed source, the influence of the distribution of energy between the two sections of the capacitive energy storage (CES) and the voltage at which the additional section of the CES is connected was established. When operating in an accelerating mode, the largest amplitude of electrodynamic forces (EDF) and maximum speed occur in the basic version of the PEC, which is excited only from the main section of the CES, and the most effective is the PEC with the smallest capacity of the main section of the CES, and its maximum value is 2.61 higher than for the basic version of the PEC. When operating in the shock-power mode, compared with the basic version of the PEC, the amplitude of the EDF decreases. The most effective is the PEC with the smallest capacity of the main section of the CES, and its maximum value is 5.17 higher than that of the basic version of the PEC. Experimental studies of the PEC in the shock-power mode established that the oscillograms of the voltage of the CES and the current of the PEC correspond to the calculated characteristics, and their main indicators are consistent with each other with an accuracy of 5-7%. References 16, figures 6.
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Schubert, Carlos. "Stratigraphy of the Jurassic La Quinta Formation, Merida Andes, Venezuela: Type Section." Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 137, no. 1 (December 1, 1986): 391–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zdgg/137/1986/391.
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Yin, Xiao Tong, Chao Qun Ma, and Liang Peng Qu. "The Analysis of Urban Road Traffic State Based on Kinds Floating Car Data." Applied Mechanics and Materials 694 (November 2014): 80–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.694.80.
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The analysis of the unban road traffic state based on kinds of floating car data, is based on the model and algorithm of floating car data preprocessing and map matching, etc. Firstly, according to the characteristics of the different types of urban road, the urban road section division has been carried on the elaboration and optimization. And this paper introduces the method of calculating the section average speed with single floating car data, also applies the dynamic consolidation of sections to estimate the section average velocity.Then the minimum sample size of floating car data is studied, and section average velocity estimation model based on single type of floating car data in the different case of floating car data sample sizes has been built. Finally, the section average speed of floating car in different types is fitted to the section average car speed by the least square method, using section average speed as the judgment standard, the grade division standard of urban road traffic state is established to obtain the information of road traffic state.
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Mohamed, A. E. "Design Approach for Eccentrically Loaded Reinforced Concrete Sections." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1056, no. 1 (August 1, 2022): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1056/1/012017.
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Abstract The behavior of eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete sections depends on both the eccentricity and load value. The type of failure can be determined according to the eccentricity-thickness ratio and the applied load value. Interaction diagrams can be used for designing eccentrically loaded section, but the section dimensions are required to use these diagrams. According to the section dimensions and the load value, the type of failure and the required reinforcement can be determined from the interaction diagrams. Most design codes controls the design process to ensure ductile failure. But according to the design procedures of interaction diagrams, the failure type can’t be controlled simply. This paper aims at finding a design procedure for eccentrically loaded reinforced concrete sections that enable the designer to simply control the design process and the failure mode. The proposed design approach makes the design process more direct and simplified.
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Víctor Manuel, Vargas Hernández, Luján Irastorza Jesús Estuardo, Durand Montaño Carlos, Hernández Ramos Roberto, Ávila Pérez Felipe de Jesús, Guerrero Vargas José Juan, Kava Braverman Alejandro, Ávila Rebollar Daniela, and Pariente Fernández Maruxa. "Prevalence of the type of delivery in Mexican patients at the private level." Obstetrics & Gynecology International Journal 12, no. 3 (May 10, 2021): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ogij.2021.12.00564.
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Background: Childbirth is a physiological event for the expulsion of the fetus. It has a low maternal morbidity or mortality, does not present problems in subsequent pregnancies and it has a lower risk of fetal death and neonatal morbidity. Despite this, there are circumstances where cesarean section is the best option. Objective: To determine the prevalence of delivery and cesarean section, and identify whether maternal age is an influencing factor when choosing the route of birth. Methods: Retrospective, observational and cross-sectional study, carried out in Mexican women in private institutions during the period from 2015 to 2019. Inclusion criteria: women who attended the private hospital and had a medical history including maternal age, gestational age, number of deliveries and cesarean sections (emergency and elective) were included. Exclusion criteria were twin pregnancies and preterm births. Three age study groups were formed for deliveries and caesarean section A) 18 to 29years of age, B) 30 to 39 years of age and C) 40 to 45years of age and differences between deliveries and caesarean sections were compared. The SPSS Statistics package, version 25, was used; Descriptive statistics were performed including mean (±) standard deviation or percentage and comparison of groups by Chi-squared test. Results: The decrease in childbirth is directly proportional to the increase in maternal age, with a higher prevalence of childbirth in women between 18 and 29years of age (Group A=60.79%) and a higher prevalence of cesarean delivery in women between 40 and 45years of age, age (Group C=48.19%). A statistically significant difference was found only in Groups A vs B, when comparing the prevalence of deliveries (60.79 vs 51.81%, p=0.05) and cesarean sections (29.21 vs 48.19%, p=0.05). Conclusions: physiological delivery is preferred in our private institution; although, complications during pregnancy and childbirth associated with maternal ageing influence the higher rate of cesarean section.
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Molina Herrera, Maritzabel, and Xavier Fernando Hurtado Amézquita. "Formulating a design for a screw-type shear connector in a composite section." Ingeniería e Investigación 31, no. 2 (May 1, 2011): 52–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v31n2.23465.
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Screws-type shear connectors have been most used in Colombia during the last decade; however, an expression for their design in composite sections has only recently been presented (NSR10, paragraph F.2.9.8.2.2). This paper outlines shear design formulation development for screw connectors, analysing the influence of different composite section behaviour parameters. This research studied 18 composite section models using two 42MPa concrete slabs having different arrangements of 1/2", 5/8" or 3/4" diameter 1, 2 or 3 screw shear connectors and 0.08m, 0.12m or 0.14m spacing between connectors. Three specimens were tested by push-out for each model. The laboratory results using the methodology proposed by Ollgaard revealed connector diameter and spacing influence on the model’s behaviour. A design formulation for screws in composite sections is presented.
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Jung, Chuloh, and Naglaa Sami Abdelaziz Mahmoud. "Extracting the Critical Points of Formaldehyde (HCHO) Emission Model in Hot Desert Climate." Air, Soil and Water Research 15 (January 2022): 117862212211050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786221221105082.
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Indoor air pollutants have various emission patterns and are influenced by indoor microclimate, the physical properties of building materials, and types of chemical substances. The difference in these emission patterns affects the prediction via simulation. This paper aims to extract factors that have an important influence on selecting empirical models by examining the emission pattern of formaldehyde (HCHO) from building materials. As a methodology, Small Chamber Pollutant Emission Test was used for six different flooring and wallpaper specimens, and HCHO was sampled and analyzed using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). The result showed that the higher the linear relationship between emission intensity and time, the more appropriate the first-order reduction model, such as flooring-A ( R2 = .99), flooring-B ( R2 = .94), wallpaper-A ( R2 = .99), and wallpaper-C ( R2 = .98). The emission pattern of HCHO in building materials is classified into three types: In type I ( R2 = .00–.11), the emission of chemical substances reaches the maximum after the start of the experiment and decreases relatively rapidly. Type II ( R2 =.00–.41), the emission pattern having the shape of a vertex with a refined concentration ascending and a gentle descending and is a type in which the suitability is significantly high in the concentration descending section, and Type III ( R2 = .33–.60), which shows a mild linear increase and decreases trend in the ascending and concentration dropping sections. It is a type that indicates the suitability with the predicted value in a meaningful way in the entire area. Even though many previous studies focused on the concentration descending section in different materials ( R2 = .51–.95), it was confirmed that the emission characteristics in the initial concentration ascending section are also critical points for simulation model selection since R2 of ascending section of Type II (.67–.70) and Type III (.77–.93) turned out statistically meaningful except Type I (.02–.25).
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Saleh, Mohammed M., Dlshad K. Ahmed, and Ali R. Yousef. "The Comparative Study of Biaxial Bending Analysis of Steel Sections Using AISC and Eurocode Approaches." Cihan University-Erbil Scientific Journal 4, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.24086/cuesj.v4n2y2020.pp25-32.
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ABSTRACT
This study investigates the capacity of the steel section using both AISC and Eurocode approaches by Robot Structure Analysis software. Three types of steel sections were subject to biaxial bending by applying loads to both main axes and examined by both approaches. The concept of Fisher was also adopted as an approach. The findings suggested that the Eurocode approach is more conservative in the design of steel sections subject to biaxial bending as it takes into account the level at which the load is applied, the type of the section whether rolled or welded and its height-to-width ratio (lateral buckling effect), the effects which are not considered in AISC approach. The AISC approach considers the shear center of the section as the level at which the loads are applied. The conservatism of the results was more pronounced when the section is close to H-section. Fisher`s concept of structural design of biaxial bending of structural steel is more conservative than both AISC and Eurocode approaches of analysis.
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Hagadorn, James, Mark Longman, Richard Bottjer, Virginia Gent, Christopher Holm-Denoma, and Jonathan Sumrall. "The type section of the Codell Sandstone." Mountain Geologist 58, no. 3 (August 2, 2021): 211–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.58.3.211.
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We formally assign, describe and interpret a principal reference section for the middle Turonian Codell Sandstone Member of the Carlile Shale near Codell, Kansas. This section, at the informally named Pumpjack Road, provides the thickest surface expression (9 m, ~30 ft) of the unit in Ellis County. The outcrop exposes features that typify the Codell throughout the southern Denver Basin and vicinity. At this reference section, the Codell conformably overlies the Blue Hill Shale Member of the Carlile Shale and is unconformably overlain by the Fort Hays Limestone Member of the Niobrara Formation or locally by a thin (<0.9 m, <3 ft) discontinuous mudstone known as the Antonino facies. The top contact of the Codell is slightly undulatory with possible compaction features or narrow (<30.5 m, <100 ft), low-relief (0.3-0.6 m, 1-2 ft) scours, all of which hint that the Codell is a depositional remnant, even at the type section. At Pumpjack Road, the Codell coarsens upward from a recessive-weathering argillaceous medium-grained siltstone with interbedded mudstone at its base to a more indurated cliff-forming muddy, highly bioturbated, very fine-grained sandstone at its top. The unit contains three informal gradational packages: a lower Codell of medium to coarse siltstone and mudstone, a middle Codell of muddy coarse siltstone, and an upper muddy Codell dominated by well-sorted very fine-grained sandstone. The largest grain fractions, all <120 mm in size, are mostly quartz (40-80%), potassium feldspar (7-12%), and albite (1-2%), with some chert (<15%), zircon, and other constituents such as abraded phosphatic skeletal debris. Rare fossil fish teeth and bones also occur. Detrital and authigenic clays make up 9 to 42% of the Codell at the reference section. Detrital illite and mixed layer illite/smectite are common, along with omnipresent kaolinite as grain coatings or cement. As is typical for the Codell, the sandstone at the type section has been pervasively bioturbated. Most primary structures and bedding are obscured, particularly toward the top of the unit where burrows are larger, deeper and more diverse than at its base. This bioturbation has created a textural inversion in which the larger silt and sand grains are very well sorted but are mixed with mud. Detrital zircons from the upper Codell are unusual in that they are mostly prismatic to acicular, euhedral, colorless, unpitted, and unabraded, and have a near-unimodal age peak centered at ~94 Ma. These characteristics suggest they were reworked mainly from Cenomanian bentonites; their ultimate source was likely from the Cordilleran orogenic belt to the west and northwest.
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Jha, Sudan, Sultan Ahmad, Deepak Prashar, Bashir Salah, Majid Bashir, Inam Ullah, and Nermin M. Salem. "A Proposed Waiting Time Algorithm for a Prediction and Prevention System of Traffic Accidents Using Smart Sensors." Electronics 11, no. 11 (June 2, 2022): 1765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111765.
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One of the applications of neural networks is to predict the fault section results of traffic utilizing the combined model estimation of the fault section and self-learning models with smart sensors. The prediction of the fault section can autonomously develop the internal model of the network to fit the pre-entered “traffic accident” section data and predict the occurrence of traffic accident sections. In this paper, we propose the results of waiting time for traffic accidents in case of traffic accidents by using a neural network and fuzzy expert system, in comparison with existing algorithms and algorithms for determining traffic accidents. It is used to estimate or predict traffic accident reliability as well. Typically, the type of fault data collected is the number of faults (the number of faults recorded during a given time interval) or the time of fault (the time-of-fault data recorded when each fault occurred), and this can be utilized only for group data types, rather than the time-of-fault data type.
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HAMZAH, NOOR HAZFALINDA, UMI KALSOM JAMALUDIN, KHAIRUL OSMAN, and GINA FRANCESCA GABRIEL. "Digital Approach for Lip Prints Analysis in Malaysian Malay population (Klang Valley): Scanning Technique." Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia 19, no. 01 (January 25, 2021): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2021-1901-04.
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Lip print is useful in forensic investigations for individual identification. The present study aimed to discriminate sex based on lip print patterns in Malaysian Malay population in Klang Valley using a scanning technique. Lip prints of 360 subjects (180 males and 180 females) were taken using the lipstick-cellophane tape technique, pasted onto A4 papers. These papers were then scanned using Brother DCP-J100 printer (300dpi resolution). The images were analysed using a software based on Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification. The lip print images were divided into six sections which are upper left, upper middle, upper right, lower right, lower middle and lower left. The Pearson chi-square test showed that there are significant differences between sexes in each section except for the upper middle section. In males, type V (irregular pattern) was the dominant pattern for upper left, upper right, lower right and lower left sections (ranging from 71.1% to 86.7%) while type IV (reticular pattern) was dominant at upper and middle sections (ranging from 57.2% to 66.1%). Type IV (48.3%) was dominant in upper middle section for female, while for the rest of the sections, type V was the dominant lip print pattern (ranging from 40% to 82.8%). These results showed that sex discrimination between males and females in Malaysian Malay population, Klang Valley can be suggested for identification in forensic investigation.
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Tribulato, Olga. "Greek Compounds of the Type ισóεoς 'Equal to a God', αξιóλoγoς 'Worthy of Note', απειρoμαχας 'Ignorant of War', etc." Mnemosyne 60, no. 4 (2007): 527–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852507x169618.
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AbstractIn the majority of Greek compounds the head occurs on the right. Within this system, a number of left-oriented categories are tolerated, chiefly preposition- and verb-first compounds, but also a handful of minor groups. This article aims to provide a more thorough appraisal of a specific subtype of left-oriented compounds: those showing an adjectival head (type ισóεoς, αξιoλoγoς, etc.). It first provides an overview of the various types of left-oriented compounds in Greek (section 2). It then assesses the claim that adjectival left-oriented compounds derive from left-oriented syntactic phrases by supplying a full corpus of such forms, and comparing them to existing syntagms of the type adjective plus noun (section 3). The subsequent sections investigate the autonomous morphological reasons behind the left-headedness of such compounds, which the syntactic model does not adequately explain. Section 4.1 addresses the question of why such compounds could not have been right-oriented. Section 4.2 identifies the morphological features which—as in the case of prepositional compounds—characterise adjectives in left-oriented compounds, and are largely responsible for their placement on the left.
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Dang, J., and G. Kuiper. "Re-Entrant Jet Modeling of Partial Cavity Flow on Two-Dimensional Hydrofoils." Journal of Fluids Engineering 121, no. 4 (December 1, 1999): 773–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2823536.
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A potential based panel method is developed to predict the partial cavity flow on two-dimensional hydrofoil sections. The Dirichlet type dynamic boundary condition on the cavity surface and the Neumann type kinematic boundary condition on the wetted section surface are enforced. A re-entrant jet cavity termination model is introduced. A validation is accomplished by comparing the present calculations with cavitation experiments of a modified Joukowsky foil and a NACA 66(MOD) a = 0.8 section.
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Mehrvarz, Shahryar Saeidi, Narjes Yousefi, Maryam Mohammadi, and Thomas Marcussen. "Pollen studies in the genus viola (violaceae) from Iran." Acta Botanica Croatica 73, no. 1 (April 1, 2014): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/botcro-2013-0013.
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AbstractPollen morphology of 17 species of Viola representing five sections, Melanium, Plagiostigma, 'Spathulidium' ined., Sclerosium, and Viola, was studied using light and scanning electron microscope. Pollen grains were usually symmetrical, tetrazonocolporate to pentazonocolporate in section Melanium and trizonocolporate to tetrazonocolporate in the other four sections. Pollen shape was circular to subtriangular, tetragonal or pentagonal in polar view and prolate to oblate, spheroidal or pyramidal in equatorial view. Exine ornamentation was granulate, psilate and mostly perforate. The psilate type was only observed in V. modesta.We found heteromorphy in aperture number in V. caspia of section Viola, V. occulta of section Melanium and V. behboudiana of section Sclerosium, which corroborates their higher ploidy than in related species (octoploid versus tetraploid).
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Li, Jianwen, Xiaoyu Wang, Li Chen, and Wenbo Lu. "Bearing Capacity of Light-Steel Compound Section and Steel Columns under Axial Compression." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (April 8, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8061015.
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In the international trend of vigorously developing low-carbon economy and green buildings, environmental protection and conservation have received increased attention in the construction field. Light steel, as an environmental protection material, has gradually become a key direction in the architectural field. The axially compressed columns forming the wall skeleton in the light steel structure usually adopt two cross-sectional forms, namely, cold-formed thin-walled steel built-up cross-section and independent profiled steel cross-section. The cold-formed thin-walled steel cross-section is divided by the splitting method into two types, namely, open type and closed type. This paper analyzes two cold-formed thin-walled steel composite sections and independent section columns. The theoretical calculation, experimental test, and finite element simulation were used, and the multidimensional calculation results were compared to obtain the mechanical properties of axial compression columns. Based on the comparison between the experimental results and the calculation results, it is found that the specification is conservative. The experimental results show that it is more flexible to use composite cross-section columns in the middle of the light steel skeleton; steel columns in the corner of the frame are more conducive to the structure’s overall stability.
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Journal, Baghdad Science. "A comparative taxonomic study of nutlets of Stachys L. in Iraq." Baghdad Science Journal 11, no. 3 (September 7, 2014): 1310–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.11.3.1310-1318.
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Nutlets of 22 taxa of Stachys (13 species and seven subspecies and two varieties), representing seven of the currently recognized sections distributed in northern Iraq were examined by light microscope. The basic shape of nutlets in most taxa studied is Obovoid, but Oblong also found in S.megalodanta Hausskn.& Bornm. ex P.H.Davis, S.setirefa C.A.Mey. subsp daenensis (Gandog.) Rech.f.and S. kurdica Boiss.& Hohen. var.kurdica, while the Subgloboid shape found in S. iberica M.Bieb. and S. inflata Benth., more over the Broad triangular shape was found in S. nephrophylla Rech.f. and S.lanigera (Bornm.) Rech.f.., the biggest size of nutlets was found in S.inflata L. and the smallest was in S.melampyroides Hand.-Mzt. Regarding sculpturing pattern of nutlet surface six basic types can be distinguishe and the reticulate type was the most common among the studied taxa, while the Foveate type appeared only in S. lavandulifolia Vahl.Symb. The type of sculpturing and the shape of nutlets are more useful than the size values, because there were convergence in the size values of the nutlets between species, it is seems that the type of the shape is useful in separating sections, rather than separating species within the same section, and the type of sculpturing is almost useful in separating between species within the same section.
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Honarmand, Atusa, Mohamad Vahidinia, Mohamad Hosein Mahmudy Gharaie, and Meysam Shafiee Ardestani. "Biostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera of the Abtalkh Formation in an east-west transect, Kopet-Dagh Basin, northeastern Iran." Micropaleontology 66, no. 4 (2020): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.47894/mpal.66.4.02.
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The Upper Cretaceous Abtalkh Formation of the Kopet-Dagh Basin (northeastern Iran) was studied in four stratigraphic sections (Bahadorkhan, Hammam Galeh, Type section and Shorab). All sections display limestones, shales and calcareous shales. The Bahadorkhan section is approximately 480 m thick. We identified 32 planktonic foraminifera species belonging to 13 genera in 6 biozones: 1. Dicarinella asymetrica Total Range Zone, 2. Globotruncanita elevata Partial Range Zone, 3. Contusotruncana plummerae Interval Zone, 4. Radotruncana calcarata Total Range Zone, 5. Globotruncanella havanensis Partial Range Zone and Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone. Based on foraminiferal biostratigraphy, the Bahadorkhan section was dated to the latest Santonian to late Campanian. This study identifies 11 genera and 25 species of planktonic foraminifera in the 1500m thick Hammam Galeh section, spanning 7 biozones: 1. Dicarinella asymetrica Total Range Zone, 2. Globotruncanita elevata Partial Range Zone, 3. Contusotruncana plummerae Interval Zone, 4. Radotruncana calcarata Total Range Zone, 5. Globotruncanella havanensis Partial Range Zone, 6. Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone, 7. Gansserina gansseri Interval Zone. Latest Santonian to late Campanian ages have been established for the Abtalkh Formation. The type locality of the Abtalkh Formation is 750mthick and contains 31 planktonic foraminiferal species belonging to 12 genera. Based on this fossil content, we identified 6 biozones. The age of the formation is estimated to be the latest Santonian to late Campanian, as for the Bahadorkhan type section. The Shorab section of the Abtalkh Formation is 990m thick. In this section, 19 species belonging to 10 genera were identified, as were 5 biozones: 1. Globotruncanita elevata Partial Range Zone, 2. Contusotruncana plummerae Interval Zone, 3. Radotruncana calcarata Total Range Zone, 4. Globotruncanella havanensis Partial Range Zone, 5. Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval Zone. Based on this fossil assemblage, the Shorab section dates to the early to late Campanian.
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Ohsawa, Takeshi A., Atsushi Yabe, Toshihiro Yamada, Kazuhiko Uemura, Kazuo Terada, Marcelo Leppe, Luis Felipe Hinojosa, and Harufumi Nishida. "Araucarian leaves and cone scales from the Loreto Formation of Río de Las Minas, Magellan Region, Chile." Botany 94, no. 9 (September 2016): 805–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2016-0059.
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Cone scales and leaves of the Araucariaceae are reported from the Loreto Formation in Río de Las Minas, Punta Arenas, Chile. Two types of cone scales including one new species, Araucarites alatisquamosus are recognized. They are similar to Araucaria section Eutacta. Two types of leaves are assigned to Araucaria nathorstii Dusén, and one new type is distinguished in the specimens from the type locality of A. nathorstii. A narrow leaf type is identical to Dusén’s “Blätter der sterilen Zweige (leaves of sterile shoot)” of A. nathorstii, and a broad leaf type is identical to his “Blätter der fertilen Zweige (leaves of fertile shoot)”. Both types show characters of leaves of section Araucaria as suggested by earlier studies. A smaller leaf type differs from the original description of A. nathorstii, and consists of small appressed leaves with the obtuse apex and stomatal orientation that are the characteristic of the section Eutacta. The occurrence of leaves and cone scales similar to section Eutacta suggest the presence of araucarians close to this section in southernmost South America during the Eocene–early Oligocene, and provide evidence for the wide distribution and diversity of genus Araucaria relatives in South America during the Paleogene.
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Maity, Santigopal, Madutha Santosh Kumar, Chaitali Koley, Debashish Pal, and Ayan Kumar Bandyopadhyay. "Design of the Radio Frequency Section of a Ka-Band Multiple Beam Ladder-Type Extended Interaction Klystron." Electronics 11, no. 22 (November 17, 2022): 3781. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223781.
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Ka-band frequencies are becoming increasingly popular due to their application potential in high-data-rate wireless communications relevant to 5G applications, satellite link establishment, etc. High-power amplifiers in this frequency band, offering several tens of watts of output RF power, are one of the main enabling components of these communication systems. This article reports the design studies and analysis of the radio frequency (RF) section of a multiple beam-extended interaction klystron (MB-EIK). The proposed multiple beam RF section with a ladder-type EIK structure offers several crucial features, such as a low-voltage operation, moderate operational bandwidth, and high output power. Starting from the design of the intermediate cavities, the input and output sections and the overall RF section are presented. The proposed RF section supports the operation at 28.5 GHz center frequency with about a 500 MHz 3 dB bandwidth employing four electron beams with a 4 kV DC accelerating field.
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Parra, Saundra C., Ricky Burnette, and Timothy Takaro. "Computer Reconstructions of Normal Human Alveoli From Serial Sections." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 312–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100118436.
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Portions of two adjacent normal human alveoli were reconstructed from serial sections in order to examine normal alveolar organization, including anatomical relationships among the different cell types, the connective tissue matrix and gaps in the alveolar septum. Computer reconstructions were prepared from montaged electron micrographs of serial sections. Rotation of these reconstructions in the x, y or z axes allowed examination of the alveoli from many different aspects other than the actual plane of sectioning. Anatomical relationships “between Type I and Type II epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, and pores of Kohn that could not he deduced from a single plane of the section (random sections) were revealed.
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Hsu, Wei Ting, Kun Ze Ho, Yu Xin Liu, and Shu Ti Chung. "Strength Analysis of Single-Symmetry Ratio for Single-Symmetry I-Beam." Materials Science Forum 1047 (October 18, 2021): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1047.202.
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Double-symmetry I-beams are the most common beam cross-sections in structural building. Because that is simpler to design and analyze steel profiles than single-symmetry I-beams. However, with the advancement of economy, the improvement of the quality of life and the cultural standards, large-scale emergence of various large span bridges, special bridge-type landscapes and viaducts. Single symmetrical I-section is better than Double-symmetry I-section to fairly in line with demand characteristics and material economy. This study chooses different Iyc/Iy ratio sections, 0.229, 0.23, 0.3 and 0.5. Iyc/Iy =0.23 is the change point of the sudden drop of the strength of the compressed airfoil. In study, the section is divided into three sections of plasticity, inelasticity and elasticity for analysis and comparison. Considering the different section sizes. If the value of Lb for a small non-elastic interval is too large, the section with a smaller cross-section will reach the elastic interval. Taking all section conditions Lb into consideration, taking 1.4m as a section will reach the non-elastic interval, if the value of the longer Lb is too small, the section with the larger section does not reach the elastic interval. In study, 10m is taken as the section to reach the elastic interval, orientation the AISC ( 2017 ) specification is used to analyze the I-beam. Symmetrical wing plate cross-sections were increased and reduced. The strength of the cross-sections between the compressed side and the tensioned side was discussed, and a single-symmetric I-section with the best cross-sectional efficiency was proposed.
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Fukuda, Tomoko, and Hiroshi Ikeda. "Palynological analysis and taxonomic position of the genus Mertensia (Boraginaceae)." Botany 90, no. 8 (August 2012): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b2012-024.
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Palynological analysis of the genus Mertensia Roth, s. lat. (Boraginaceae) was performed. All pollen grains studied were mostly dumbbell shaped and had 6-heteroaperturate pollen type without exception. The type of pollen of Mertensia does not contradict recent classifications that assign Mertensia to Cynoglosseae. Among six sections of Mertensia, pollen grains of section Oreocharis (the Himalayan Mertensia) were different from those of other sections in having granulate sculpturing on the colpus and pseudocolpus membranes. The results, along with other morphological differences, may support Riedl’s treatment of the Himalayan species of Mertensia in the distinct genus Pseudomertensia Riedl. Of the other sections, four monotypic sections (sections Steenhanmera, Neuranthia, Typomertensia, and Mertensianthe) showed pollen structures similar to each other. Pollen grains in section Eumertensia had some variations in size and ornamentation, especially in the species distributed in western North America.
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Botis, Marius, Lajos Imre, and Mircea Conțiu. "Numerical Method of Increasing the Critical Buckling Load for Straight Beam-Type Elements with Variable Cross-Sections." Applied Sciences 13, no. 3 (January 22, 2023): 1460. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13031460.
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Structural expressionism resembles the use of slender structural elements, in particular beam-type elements. To satisfy structural, functional, and also architectural requirements a comprehensive structural analysis must be performed. The main issue of this study is the buckling analysis of beam-type elements, concerning Cavalieri’s principle. The present study is divided into two separate sections. The first part is a theoretical study, in which a variable cross-section beam-type element is modeled. The stability analysis is performed by an indirect variational method and the stiffness of the support connections is also introduced. The numerical simulation highlights 6 cases defined by the restraints of the support connections. The case study follows the modification of the critical buckling load of the variable cross-section beam-type element. Prior to the case study, a novel verification method is proposed to achieve a realistic cross-section for the beam-type element. The study revealed that with ideal characteristics of the stiffness coefficients of the restrains significant increase of the critical buckling load is obtained, and further if an actual situation is considered with finite values of the stiffness of the restrains, the variable cross-section for the beam-type element is a recommended and rational choice to make, to eliminate stability issues.
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Vroom, Hendrik M. "Do all Religious Traditions Worship the Same God?" Religious Studies 26, no. 1 (March 1990): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412500020217.
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Do all religions worship the same God? Sometimes this question is answered positively, sometimes negatively. Various reasons are given. In the first four sections of this paper we will analyse arguments which affirm or deny that all religions worship the same God. We will see that different types of argument are used. Some authors base their answers to our question on their theological insights (section 1); others defend their thesis with reference to the results of studies in comparative religion (section 2); a third type of argument derives from the philosophy of religion (section 3) and a fourth from philosophical views regarding the ultimate unity of the world (section 4). After this survey we will deal with the structure of the various arguments given. What kind of argument is decisive? I will also make some comments on each of these arguments in order to develop my own. We will then draw our conclusion as to the kind of arguments which are appropriate to our theme (section 5). In the last section I will elaborate my own view.
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Fahzy, Muhammad Chrissandy, Yonas Paskah Pardede, Danel Reka Yesa, Mohd Raden Bahi, and Kaprawi Sahim. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE CONVECTIVE HEAT TRANSFER FROM TUBES WITH VARIOUS CROSS-SECTION." Indonesian Journal of Engineering and Science 3, no. 2 (February 21, 2022): 019–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51630/ijes.v3i2.49.
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In heat transfer engineering, most of the tubes of the circular cross-section are used in the heat exchanger application, but the possibilities of using tubes other than circular type are available to enhance the rate of heat transfer. This experimental study presents the heat transfer rate performance of the tubes' difference cross-section; circular, elliptic, square, and triangle tubes. The tubes were heated at uniform heat flux at the outside surface, and the water flowed inside the tubes. The important parameters were measured during the experimentation. The results show that the heat transfer varies with the cross-section type. The triangle and elliptical tube give a higher heat transfer rate than other cross-sections.
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Barbalet, Jack. "‘Honey, I shrunk the emotions’: late modernity and the end of emotions." Emotions and Society 1, no. 2 (November 1, 2019): 133–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/263168919x15662881966944.
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The purpose of this article is to specify the character of late modernity in terms of the emotional formations peculiar to it. Different approaches to late modernity are briefly surveyed and the argument is presented in three sections. In the first section late modernity is indicated as a social type that can be identified in terms of its particular emotional formation. The second section outlines the institutional framework of late modernity through which it is distinguished from modernity. This is to indicate the societal source of the emotional patterns of each type of these distinctive social formations. In the final section ego emotions are specified in contrast with those emotions that are not self-directed but outwardly directed.
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Somani, Sonali S., Sunita Sudhir, Shashikant G. Somani, and Bushra. "A study of intra-operative maternal morbidity after repeating caesarean section." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, no. 1 (December 25, 2017): 291. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20175864.
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Background: Caesarean section (CS) is one of the most common obstetric procedures worldwide and an increased rate of caesarean section has been observed in recent studies. Maternal morbidities and mortality associated with repeat caesarean section is an important health problem. The present study aims at knowing the various intraoperative complications encountered during repeat caesarean sections. Objective was to study the incidence and type of surgical difficulties encountered in repeat cesarean sectionsMethods: It was a prospective observational study of 118 cases of repeat cesarean sections. Intra-operative findings of all cases were analyzed to know the difficulties encountered because of previous cesarean section.Results: In present study, out of total 118 cases of previous cesarean sections, 71 (60.17%) cases were of previous one caesarean section and 47(39.83%) were of previous two cesarean sections. Following intraoperative morbidities were encountered – adhesions (1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section – 40.85 vs 65.96% respectively) , thin lower uterine segment (1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section – 21.13 vs 36.17% respectively), advanced bladder(1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section – 15.49 vs 36.17 % respectively) , extension of uterine incision(1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section – 9.86 vs 19.15% respectively) , scar dehiscence(1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section –7.04 vs 31.91% respectively), excess blood loss (1 caesarean section vs 2 caesarean section –7.04 vs 19.15% respectively), 1 case of placenta accrete was found in previous 2 caesarean section 2.13%) which needed caesarean hysterectomy. uterine rupture and bladder injury seen in one patients of previous 2caesarean section. Time taken for surgery was more in repeat CS group Delivery.Conclusions: An increasing number of CS is accompanied by increased maternal morbidity. Intraoperative complication which increase the risk of morbidity are adhesion, placenta accreta. It is prudent to involve a senior experienced obstetrician in repeat cesarean section. The best way to reduce this is by reducing primary caesarean section rates. Patients with previous caesarean section should be considered as high risk and should be counseled for regular antenatal check-up and they should be given option of vaginal birth after CS whenever possible.
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Jiao-Wang, Liu, José A. Loya, and Carlos Santiuste. "On the Numerical Modeling of Flax/PLA Bumper Beams." Materials 15, no. 16 (August 9, 2022): 5480. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165480.
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Significant progress has been made in green composites developing fully biodegradable composites made of microbially degradable polymers reinforced with natural fibers. However, an improvement in the development of numerical models to predict the damage of green composites is necessary to extend their use in industrial applications of structural responsibility. This paper is focused on developing a numerical model that can predict the failure modes of four types of bumper beams made of flax/PLA green composites with different cross sections. The predictions regarding energy absorption, contact force history, and extension of delamination were compared with experimental results to validate the FEM model, and both results revealed a good agreement. Finally, the FEM model was used to analyze the failure modes of the bumper beams as a function of the impact energy and cross-section roundness. The impact energy threshold defined as the maximum absorbed-energy capability of the beam match with the impact energy that produces delaminations extended through all the cross sections. Experimental and numerical results revealed that the threshold energy, where the maximum energy-absorption capability is reached, for Type A is over 60 J; for Type B and C is around 60 J; and for Type D is at 50 J. Since delamination is concentrated at the cross-section corners, the threshold energy decreases with the cross-section roundness because the higher the roundness ratio, the wider the delamination extension.
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Shaikh, Aneela Gul, Varisha Fatima Shaikh, Muhammad Taha Nasim, Eisha Farid, Shajeea Arshad Ali, Dua Azim, Hadiya Afzal, Kinza Iqbal, and Ayman Iqbal. "Risk Factors for Blood Transfusion during Caesarean Section." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): 339–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22164339.
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Objective: To assess the risk factors and evaluate the association of blood transfusion with neonatal outcomes. Study Design: Prospective study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lady Willingdon Hospital, Khairpur Mir’s Pakistan from 1st June 2021 to 31st December 2021. Methodology: Nine hundred and fifty seven women who underwent C-sections were enrolled. The maternal socio-demographics and comorbidities, obstetrics and operative factors, indications for C-section, and neonatal outcomes were recorded. Results: The results revealed that high maternal weight and age, preoperative anemia, placenta previa or abruption, antepartum hemorrhage, third trimester bleeding, multiparity, assisted reproductive technology (ART), prophylactic anticoagulation, and prolonged labor were significantly associated with transfusion during C-section. However, prior uterine scar or atony, previous C-sections, multiple births, diabetes, fibroids, Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), type of C-section, the cadre of the lead surgeon, surgery type, failed induction or instrumentation, fetal distress, malpresentation, and adhesions were not significantly associated with blood transfusion. There was no significant difference in birth weights of neonates from the two groups. Conclusion: Healthcare professionals should stay cautious when dealing with parturients exhibiting such risk factors. Timely arrangement and transfusion of blood in these women can help reduce maternal mortality. Key words: Caesarean section, Blood transfusion, Risk factors, Postpartum hemorrhage, Antepartum hemorrhage
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BOURAS, Khedidja, Abdelhadi LABIAD, Chaker SALEH, and Mouloud BOUZOUAD. "Emulation of metamaterial waveguides." Algerian Journal of Signals and Systems 3, no. 3 (September 15, 2018): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51485/ajss.v3i3.67.
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In this work, we are interested by emulating metamaterial microwave waveguides which behave like conventional metallic ones. We use metamaterial layers based on two types of unit cells. The first one is a connected cross type unit cell which leads to a metamaterial with a near zero refraction index (n1≈ 0). The second one is a disconnected cross type unit cell which leads to a metamaterial with a refraction index greater than unity (n2 >1). With these two type of metamaterials we can define, in the metamaterial layer, different sections each one can have a refraction index equal to n1 or n2. Using these metamaterial layers we can build a metamaterial waveguide. This latter is obtained by stacking a number of layers. The waveguide is obtained by selecting an inner section with a refraction index n2 and an outer section with a refraction index n1 close to zero which plays a similar role as a metallic reflector to form the waveguide.
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Liu, Jia Li, and Fei Peng Zhao. "Ultimate Capacity of the K-Type Overlapped Rectangular Hollow Section Joints." Applied Mechanics and Materials 204-208 (October 2012): 939–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.204-208.939.
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The intensity calculating of simple joints is one of the most important thing in the design of space truss with hollow sections. By using the finite element method and close reference to material and geometrical nonlinear properties, numerical simulation analysis of the ultimate strength of K-type overlapped Rectangular Hollow Section joints under the axial force and bending moment was studied. The influence of the overlapped ratios and other geometrical parameters on the ultimate bearing capacity was investigated and explained graphically. With the thickness ratio of the chord bar and web member increasing, the ultimate capacity increased. And with the overlapped ratio increasing, the node capacity reduced.
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MORGANS-BELL, HELEN S., ANGELA L. COE, STEPHEN P. HESSELBO, HUGH C. JENKYNS, GRAHAM P. WEEDON, JOHN E. A. MARSHALL, RICHARD V. TYSON, and CAROLYN J. WILLIAMS. "Integrated stratigraphy of the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) based on exposures and boreholes in south Dorset, UK." Geological Magazine 138, no. 5 (September 2001): 511–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756801005738.
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For the purposes of a high-resolution multi-disciplinary study of the Upper Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay Formation, two boreholes were drilled at Swanworth Quarry and one at Metherhills, south Dorset, UK. Together, the cores represent the first complete section through the entire formation close to the type section. We present graphic logs that record the stratigraphy of the cores, and outline the complementary geophysical and analytical data sets (gamma ray, magnetic susceptibility, total organic carbon, carbonate, δ13Corg). Of particular note are the new borehole data from the lowermost part of the formation which does not crop out in the type area. Detailed logs are available for download from the Kimmeridge Drilling Project web-site at http://kimmeridge.earth.ox.ac.uk/. Of further interest is a mid-eudoxus Zone positive shift in the δ13Corg record, a feature that is also registered in Tethyan carbonate successions, suggesting that it is a regional event and may therefore be useful for correlation. The lithostratigraphy of the cores has been precisely correlated with the nearby cliff section, which has also been examined and re-described. Magnetic-susceptibility and spectral gamma-ray measurements were made at a regular spacing through the succession, and facilitate core-to-exposure correlation. The strata of the exposure and core have been subdivided into four main mudrock lithological types: (a) medium-dark–dark-grey marl; (b) medium-dark–dark grey–greenish black shale; (c) dark-grey–olive-black laminated shale; (d) greyish-black–brownish-black mudstone. The sections also contain subordinate amounts of siltstone, limestone and dolostone. Comparison of the type section with the cores reveals slight lithological variation and notable thickness differences between the coeval strata. The proximity of the boreholes and different parts of the type section to the Purbeck–Isle of Wight Disturbance is proposed as a likely control on the thickness changes.
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Li, Feng Ling, and Hui Wen. "Direct Calculation Formulae for Critical Depth of II Type Horseshoe Tunnel with Flat-Bottom." Applied Mechanics and Materials 353-356 (August 2013): 1339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.353-356.1339.
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Abstract: II type horseshoe with flat–bottom evolved from standard II type horseshoe cross-section. It is composed of a flat-bottom and three arc sections. It is commonly applied in the field of hydroelectric engineering. The critical depth computation equation for II type horseshoe cross-section with flat–bottom tunnel is a transcendental equation and no analytic solution. In this paper, based on the mathematics transformation for the basis equation and the relationship analysis between the dimensionless critical depth and the relative parameters, a direct solution is established for the calculation of critical depth for II type horseshoe cross-section with flat–bottom tunnel according to the fitting principle. This method overcomes the shortage of other iterative trial calculating methods, such as complex calculation step, depend on the special chart and curve, and existed serious error. The formula is simply and the maximum error is less than 0.515% under the general engineering design range (ratio of critical depth and arch radius is located between the 0 - 1.60).
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Prakash, Bramha, Ganeswar Mishra, and Roma Khullar. "Spontaneous emission and spectral properties of radiation by relativistic electrons in a gyro-klystron and optical-klystron undulator." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 2 (February 10, 2016): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515024716.
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In this paper spontaneous emission of radiation by relativistic electrons in a gyro-klystron is studied. The scheme consists of two solenoid sections separated by a dispersive section. In the dispersive section the electrons are made non-resonant with the radiation. The dispersive section transforms a small change of the velocity into changes of the phases of the electrons. This leads to enhanced radiation due to klystron-type modulation as compared with a conventional gyrotron-type device driven by cyclotron maser interaction. It is shown that the klystron-modulated spectrum depends on the dispersive field strength, finite perpendicular velocity component and length of the solenoids but is independent of the axial magnetic field strength. A simple scheme to design a gyro-klystron is discussed.
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Ghosh, Chandan Kumar, Arabinda Roy, and Susanta Kumar Parui. "Composite Lowpass Filter Realized by Image Parameter method and Integrated with Defected Ground Structures." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 4, no. 2 (June 21, 2018): 583–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v4i2c1.4176.
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An asymmetric DGS consisting of two square headed slots connected transversely with a rectangular slot is etched in the ground plane underneath a high-low impedance microstrip line. It provides a band-reject filtering characteristics with sharp transition. Thus, it may be modeled as m-derived filter section. Accordingly, T-type LC equivalent circuit is proposed and LC parameters are extracted. A planar composite lowpass filter is designed by image parameter method and implemented by different DGS units. A composite filter requires at least three filter sections, of which two m-derived sections and one constant k-section. In proposed scheme, one such m-derived section is directly replaced by proposed DGS unit, whose cut-off frequency is same as that of designed m-derived section. The other m-derived section implemented by proposed DGS unit divided into equivalent two L-sections which will act as a termination for impedance matching. A constant k-section has been realized by a dumbbell shaped DGS having same cutoff frequency. Here lumped LC parameters are directly replaced by the equivalent LC values of the DGSs and therefore, produce almost ideal filter characteristics by overcoming the limitations of microstrip technology.