Relevant bibliographies by topics / Typage bidirectionnel

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Typage bidirectionnel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 26 October 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Dunfield, Jana, and Neel Krishnaswami. "Bidirectional Typing." ACM Computing Surveys 54, no. 5 (June 2021): 1–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3450952.

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Bidirectional typing combines two modes of typing: type checking, which checks that a program satisfies a known type, and type synthesis, which determines a type from the program. Using checking enables bidirectional typing to support features for which inference is undecidable; using synthesis enables bidirectional typing to avoid the large annotation burden of explicitly typed languages. In addition, bidirectional typing improves error locality. We highlight the design principles that underlie bidirectional type systems, survey the development of bidirectional typing from the prehistoric period before Pierce and Turner’s local type inference to the present day, and provide guidance for future investigations.
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Wang, X., Y. X. Li, and Y. Liu. "Bidirectional solidification of radial-type porous magnesium." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 22, no. 1-4 (August 2009): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136404609x367713.

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Khodabakhshian, Mina, Ehsan Adib, and Hosein Farzanehfard. "Forward‐type resonant bidirectional DC–DC converter." IET Power Electronics 9, no. 8 (June 2016): 1753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0975.

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Khedker, Uday P., Dhananjay M. Dhamdhere, and Alan Mycroft. "Bidirectional data flow analysis for type inferencing." Computer Languages, Systems & Structures 29, no. 1-2 (April 2003): 15–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1477-8424(03)00012-5.

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Tseng, Hsu-Ting, and Jiann-Fuh Chen. "Bidirectional impedance-type transformer inrush current limiter." Electric Power Systems Research 104 (November 2013): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsr.2013.06.007.

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Lovas, William, and Frank Pfenning. "A Bidirectional Refinement Type System for LF." Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 196 (January 2008): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2007.09.021.

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Wang, Zhenkun, Xianjin Su, Nianyin Zeng, and Jiahui Jiang. "Overview of Isolated Bidirectional DC–DC Converter Topology and Switching Strategies for Electric Vehicle Applications." Energies 17, no. 10 (May 20, 2024): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17102434.

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Isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters are becoming increasingly important in various applications, particularly in the electric vehicle sector, due to their ability to achieve bidirectional power flow and their safety features. This paper aims to review the switch strategies and topologies of isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters, with a specific focus on their applications in the field of electric vehicles. From the perspective of topology, PWM-type isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters, dual active bridge converters, and resonant-type isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters constitute the three main categories of these converters. The paper further examines the traditional switch strategies of these converters and discusses how specific switch technologies, such as single-phase shift, expanding-phase shift, double-phase shift, and triple-phase shift, can enhance the overall performance of isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters. The paper meticulously examines the characteristics of each topology and control scheme, as well as their typical use cases in practical applications. Particularly, the paper delves into the applications of isolated bidirectional DC–DC converters in the electric vehicle sector and draws conclusions regarding their potential and trends in future electric vehicle technology.
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Jordis, Ulrich, Matthias Treu, and Stefan Welzig. "Bidirectional Conversion of Galanthamine and Crinine Type Heterocycles." HETEROCYCLES 55, no. 12 (2001): 2397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-01-9332.

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Chen, K. "Design of a Plane-Type Bidirectional Thermal Diode." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 110, no. 4 (November 1, 1988): 299–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268271.

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The design of a plane-type, bidirectional thermal diode is presented. This diode is composed of two vertical plates and several fluid-filled loops with their horizontal segments soldered to the vertical plates. This invention is simple in construction and low in cost. The direction of heat transfer in the invented thermal diode can be easily reversed. These features of the present invention make it very attractive to solar energy utilization. Natural convection analysis for thermosyphon operations was adopted for heat transfer calculations of the fluid-filled loops. A one-dimensional heat transfer analysis was employed to estimate the heat transfer rate and ratio of heat transfer rates of the diode under forward and reverse bias.
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Dognon, A. Yvette, K. Emile Aifa, H. F. Aristidina Aifa, and Lauretta Zinsou. "Tourisme et Croissance Inclusive au Bénin : Une Analyse d’Après l’Indice Synthétique de Croissance Inclusive." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 19, no. 31 (November 30, 2023): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2023.v19n31p170.

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Cette étude vise à examiner le type de relation entre tourisme et croissance inclusive au Bénin de 1995 à 2021 en utilisant comme variable dépendante, contrairement à plusieurs études, l’Indice Synthétique de Croissance Inclusive (ISCI). En nous appuyant sur des données chronologiques, nous avons effectué des estimations à l'aide du Modèle Vectoriel à Correction d'Erreur (VECM), du test de causalité de Granger et du Modèle à Correction d'Erreur (MCE) sous STATA 15. Les résultats révèlent une relation significative positive entre le ratio des recettes touristiques réelles et l'Indice Synthétique de Croissance Inclusive (ISCI), démontrant que le tourisme contribue à la croissance inclusive jusqu'à un seuil donné. En outre, la nature bidirectionnelle de cette relation (entre tourisme et croissance inclusive) a été également mise en évidence. This study aims to examine the type of relationship between tourism and inclusive growth in Benin from 1995 to 2021 using as a dependent variable, unlike several studies, the Synthetic Inclusive Growth Index (ISCI). Based on historical data, we carried out estimations using the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM), the Granger causality test and the Error Correction Model (ECM) under STATA 15. The results reveal a significant positive relationship between the ratio of real tourism receipts and the Synthetic Inclusive Growth Index (ISCI), demonstrating that tourism contributes to inclusive growth up to a given threshold. Furthermore, the bidirectional nature of this relationship (between tourism and inclusive growth) was also highlighted.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Felicissimo, Thiago. "Generic bidirectional typing in a logical framework for dependent type theories." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASG049.

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Les théories des types dépendants sont des systèmes formels qui peuvent être utilisés à la fois comme langages de programmation et pour la formalisation des mathématiques, et constituent la base de plusieurs assistants de preuve tels que Coq et Agda. Afin d'unifier leur étude, les Logical Frameworks (LFs) fournissent un méta-langage unifié permettant de définir ces théories, dans lequel diverses notions universelles sont intégrées par défaut et où des méta-théorèmes génériques peuvent être prouvés. Cette thèse se concentre sur les LFs conçus pour être implémentés, avec pour objectif de fournir des type-checkers génériques. Notre principale contribution est un nouveau LF permettant de représenter les théories des types avec leurs syntaxes non annotées habituelles. La clé pour permettre de supprimer des annotations sans compromettre la décidabilité du typage est l'intégration du typage bidirectionnel, une discipline dans laquelle le jugement de typage est décomposé en modes d'inférence et de checking. Si le typage bidirectionnel est déjà bien étudié dans la littérature, l'une des contributions centrales de notre travail est sa formulation dans un LF, ce qui donne un traitement générique pour toutes les théories définissables dans notre système. Notre proposition a été implémentée dans le type-checker générique BiTTs, permettant son utilisation avec diverses théories.En plus de notre contribution principale, nous proposons des avancés dans l'étude de Dedukti, un LF appartenant à la même famille que le système que nous proposons. Tout d'abord, nous revisitons le problème de la correction des encodages dans Dedukti en proposant une méthodologie qui permet de démontrer plus facilement la conservativité. De plus, nous montrons comment Dedukti peut être utilisé en pratique comme outil de traduction de preuves, en proposant une transformation pour partager des preuves avec des systèmes prédicatifs. Cette transformation a permis la traduction de preuves de Matita vers Agda, aboutissant aux toutes premières preuves en Agda du Petit Théorème de Fermat et du Postulat de Bertrand
Dependent type theories are formal systems that can be used both as programming languages and for the formalization of mathematics, and constitute the foundation of popular proof assistants such as Coq and Agda. In order to unify their study, Logical Frameworks (LFs) provide a unified meta-language for defining such theories in which various universal notions are built in by default and metatheorems can be proven in a theory-independent way. This thesis focuses on LFs designed with implementation in mind, with the goal of providing generic type-checkers. Our main contribution is a new such LF which allows for representing type theories with their usual non-annotated syntaxes. The key to allowing the removal of annotations without jeopardizing decidability of typing is the integration of bidirectional typing, a discipline in which the typing judgment is decomposed into inference and checking modes. While bidirectional typing has been well known in the literature for quite some time, one of the central contributions of our work is that, by formulating it in an LF, we give it a generic treatment for all theories fitting our framework. Our proposal has been implemented in the generic type-checker BiTTs, allowing it to be used in practice with various theories. In addition to our main contribution, we also advance the study of Dedukti, a sibling LF of our proposed framework. First, we revisit the problem of showing that theories are correctly represented in Dedukti by proposing a methodology for encodings which allows for showing their conservativity easily. Furthermore, we demonstrate how Dedukti can be used in practice as a tool for translating proofs by proposing a transformation for sharing proofs with predicative systems. This transformation has allowed for the translation of proofs from Matita to Agda, yielding the first-ever Agda proofs of Fermat's Little Theorem and Bertrand's Postulate
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Laverdure, Sylvain. "Régulation de la transcription bidirectionnelle chez le Virus de l'Immunodéficience Humaine de type 1." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON13514/document.

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Le génome des rétrovirus existe sous deux formes différentes : sous forme d'ARN simple brin, qui est traduit ou encapsidé, ou sous forme d'ADN double brin intégré dans le génome de la cellule hôte infectée. Cette dernière forme, l'ADN proviral, est indispensable à la production de tous les ARNm viraux nécessaires à la synthèse des protéines virales, qui en retour agissent sur la région promotrice située au niveau du LTR 5'. Cependant, l'ADN proviral possède un second LTR à son extrémité 3', capable de réguler une transcription antisens, orientée dans la direction opposée à celle contrôlée par le LTR 5'. L'ADN proviral a donc deux brins codants, ce qui offre au virus un plus grand potentiel de synthèse protéique. Dans le cas du Virus de l'immunodéficience Humaine de type 1 (VIH-1), la transcription antisens permet la production d'une protéine, appelée ASP (Antisense Protein). Dans ce manuscrit, nous démontrons que cette activité transcriptionnelle antisens s'exprime préférentiellement dans les cellules d'origine monocytaire, en particulier les cellules dendritiques ; une localisation membranaire de la protéine ASP a par ailleurs été mise en évidence dans ce type cellulaire. Nos résultats suggèrent également que la transcription antisens du VIH-1 est indépendante de la protéine Tat, et que par ailleurs les deux types de transcriptions ne sont pas exprimés simultanément au sein d'une même cellule. En outre, nos données soulignent que la séquence codante de la protéine ASP est très fortement conservée parmi les différents isolats viraux. Sur la base de l'ensemble de ces résultats, notre hypothèse est que la protéine ASP du VIH-1 possède des fonctions cruciales dans le cycle réplicatif des rétrovirus, indépendantes de la production virale
Genome of retroviruses exists in two different forms: as single-stranded RNA that is translated or packaged, or as double-stranded DNA integrated into the genome of the infected host cell. The latter form, the proviral DNA, is essential for the production of all viral mRNAs required for the synthesis of viral proteins, which in turn act on the promoter region located at the 5 '-LTR. However, the proviral DNA has a second LTR at its 3 '-end, capable of regulating antisense transcription oriented in the opposite direction to that controlled by the 5'-LTR. The proviral DNA has then two coding strands, which gives the virus a greater potential for protein synthesis. In the case of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1), antisense transcription allows the production of a protein called ASP (Antisense Protein). In this manuscript, we demonstrate that this antisense transcriptional activity is preferentially expressed in cells of the monocyte lineage, in particular dendritic cells; a membrane localization of the ASP protein was also observed in this cell type. Our results also suggest that the antisense transcription of HIV-1 is Tat-independent, and what's more that the two types of transcription are not expressed simultaneously within the same cell. In addition, our data highlight that the ASP protein coding sequence is highly conserved among different viral isolates. Based on these results, our hypothesis is that the ASP protein of HIV-1 has critical functions in the replicative cycle of retroviruses, distinct from viral production
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Adami, Jean-Nicolas. "Comportement en fluage uniaxial sous vide d'un composite à matrice céramique bidirectional Al₂O₃-SiC /." Zürich, 1992. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=diss&nr=9768.

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Girard, Pauline. "Pathophysiologie des pDCs et des Lymphocytes Tγδ en contexte de mélanome, et potentiel de leur interaction pour le développement de nouvelles thérapies The features of circulating and tumor-infiltrating gdT cells in melanoma patients display critical perturbations with prognostic impact on clinical outcome Potent Bidirectional Cross-Talk Between Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and γδT Cells Through BTN3A, Type I/II IFNs and Immune Checkpoints." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALV042.

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.Les pDCs et Tγδ ont des rôles cruciaux dans l’initiation et l’orientation des réponses immunitaires. Leurs fonctions uniques, leur grande plasticité et leur capacité d’interagir avec de nombreux acteurs immunitaires leur permettent de créer un lien entre l’immunité innée et l’immunité adaptative. Elles contribuent donc grandement aux réponses immunitaires protectrices et pathogéniques, et sont de ce fait très prometteuses pour le développement d’immunothérapies anti-tumorales, autant en tant que vecteurs que cibles. Cependant, les lymphocytes Tγδ n’ont pas été étudiés de manière approfondie en contexte de mélanome, et les interactions entre pDCs et Tγδ n’ont été explicitées ni en contexte sain, ni en contexte mélanome, ou le contrôle immunitaire de la tumeur ‡ long terme est encore un défi. Nous avons réalisé une étude détaillée du phénotype et de la fonction des lymphocytes Tγδ circulant et infiltrant le mélanome, et analysé leur impact sur l’évolution clinique. Nous avons aussi caractérisé les interactions bidirectionnelles entre les pDCs et les Tγδ issus de sang de donneurs sains, et de sang ou de tumeur de patients. Nous avons mis en évidence que le mélanome détourne les fonctions effectrices des Tγδ dans le but d’échapper au contrôle immunitaire, et que les caractéristiques des Tγδ issus de sang ou de tumeurs de patients peuvent étre des bio-marqueurs prometteurs d’évolution clinique. Nous avons également montré que les interactions entre pDCs et Tγδ sont médiées par les IFNs de type I et II et par le récepteur BTN3A, essentiel pour l’activation des Td2+, et sont dérégulées en contexte de mélanome. L’administration de cytokines et d’anticorps ciblant les points de contrôle immunitaire peut rétablir des interactions fonctionnelles entre les deux populations cellulaires. De façon intéressante, nous avons observé une augmentation de l’expression de BTN3A sur les pDCs et Tγδ issus de sang de patients ou de tumeurs, tout en soulignant une potentielle dysfonction de cette molécule. Notre étude révèle que le mélanome détourne les interactions entre pDCs et Tgd notamment via la dérégulation de BTN3A. De tels résultats motivent l’exploitation de ces effecteurs immunitaires ainsi que de leur synergie, pour développer de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques exploitant leur potentiel anti-tumoral tout en évitant leur détournement par la tumeur pour améliorer l’évolution clinique des patients. Nos découvertes soutiennent l’exploitation de ces partenaires puissants et prometteurs pour élaborer de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques et restaurer des réponses immunes appropriées en contexte de cancer, infections et auto-immunité
Both pDCs and γδT cells harbor critical roles in immune responses induction and orientation. Their unique features, high functional plasticity and ability to interact with many immune cell types allow them to bridge innate and adaptive immunity. They actively contribute to protective and pathogenic immune responses, which render them very attractive both as targets and vectors for cancer immunotherapy. Yet, γδT cells have not been extensively explored in melanoma, and despite strategic and closed missions, cross-talks between pDCs and γδT cells have not been deciphered yet, neither in healthy context nor in cancers, especially in melanoma where the long-term control of the tumor still remains a challenge. We provided here a detailed investigation of the phenotypic and functional properties of circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδT cells in melanoma patients, as well as their impact on clinical evolution. We also characterized the bidirectional cross-talks between pDCs and γδT cells both from healthy donor’s blood, patient’s blood and tumor micro-environment. Our study highlighted that melanoma hijacked γδT cells to escape from immune control, and revealed that circulating and tumor-infiltrating γδT cell features are promising potential biomarkers of clinical evolution. We also demonstrated crucial bidirectional interactions between these key potent immune players though type I and II IFN and BTN3A that are dysfunctional in the context of melanoma. Reversion of the dysfunctional bidirectional cross-talks in melanoma context could be achieved by specific cytokine administration and immune checkpoint targeting. We also revealed an increased expression of BTN3A on circulating and tumor-infiltrating pDCs and γδT cells from melanoma patients but stressed out its potential functional impairment.Thus, our study uncovered that melanoma hijacked pDCs/ γδT cells bidirectional interplay to escape from immune control, and pointed out BTN3A dysfunction. Such understanding will help harnessing and synergizing the power of these potent immune cells to design new therapeutic approaches exploiting their antitumor potential while counteracting their skewing by tumors to improve patient outcomes. Our findings pave the way to manipulate these potent and promising cell partners to design novel immunotherapeutic strategies and restore appropriate immune responses in cancers, infections and autoimmune diseases
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LEE, WU-DONG, and 李文棟. "USB Type-C Bidirectional Fast Charge Power Bank Based on Arduino." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5yzu7a.

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碩士
輔仁大學
電機工程學系碩士在職專班
106
This paper proposes a method of USB Type-C bidirectional fast charge power bank based on Arduino design architecture, where the Type-C port provides max 15 W (5V3A) for mobile device. The hardware architecture will apply an Arduino Pro_Micro microcontroller. It controls type-C detection chip and buck-boost power management chip for charging 5V3A and discharging 5V3A of lithium-ion battery. It can be applied on many products with USB type-C interface, such as mobile phones, tablet and other smart devices. The application will have the fast charging effect for achieving rated power on 15W.The software is developed by using Arduino integrated development environment (IDE), on which the programming languages syntax is easily to understand and apply. Most source codes have been opened online and sharing of information for application. The user or developer can customize their own technology skills and ideas, and no longer to be limited to the standard rules from software manufacturer or hardware specifications.
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Su, Bo-An, and 蘇柏安. "The study of An Auxiliary Slider with Bidirectional Stiffness and Integrated type for Antifriction Guideways." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/6xnz58.

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碩士
國立臺北科技大學
機械工程系機電整合碩士班
106
Machine tools are in great demand and helpful in the machinery industry.Machinability of machine tools depends on accuracy and mechanical efficiency. In order to increase the weak stiffness of the structure, we have developed a non-linear auxiliary slider for rolling linear guides (Slider I). This slider has applied for a US patent. This laboratory has developed auxiliary (Slider V) to increase the rigidity of Y axis and Z axis. In this study, it was found that the combined auxiliary sliders may also be too costly to produce. Developed an integrated biaxial auxiliary slider to improve the rigidity of the Y-axis and Z-axis. Resevreing the advantage of nonlinear concept from sliderⅠ.SliderⅤ is constructed by CAD and simulated by CAE,and made in S45C.Using the MTS machine for static stiffness test to comfirm the dual-axis stiffness.
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Wang, Jen-Chih, and 王仁池. "Design and Implementation of a Bidirectional Converter Using Interval Type-2 T-S Fuzzy Control Systems." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/3s6f8t.

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CHU, CHENG-TAI, and 朱承泰. "Design and Implementation of Three-Phase Bidirectional Inverter Based on Interval Type-2 Polynomial Fuzzy Control Systems." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/b34vb4.

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碩士
國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
106
A three-phase bidirectional inverter based on interval type-2 polynomial fuzzy control systems is designed and implemented in this thesis. The microcontroller Renesas RX62T is implemented as the system core. The systems parameters are feedbacked to the interval type-2 polynomial fuzzy controller via peripheral circuits and analog-to-digital converter (ADC). After calculations, the duty ratios of power switches in corresponding interval are obtained. This system can be operated in grid-connected mode and rectification mode. In this thesis, the state equation of three-phase inverter is first derived from two phase modulation (TPM). Next, the sum of square (SOS) type stability equation of the interval type-2 fuzzy control system with disturbance suppression is derived according to the Lyapunov stability theorem. The controller is designed based on the parallel distributed compensation(PDC) method. And the controller gain is solved by the SOS Toolbox. Finally, the control performance is verified by experimental results.
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Lai, Chang-Chih, and 賴長志. "Design and Implementation of a Single-Phase Bidirectional Inverter Using Interval Type-2 T-S Fuzzy Control Systems." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16225396322494377786.

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碩士
國立中正大學
電機工程研究所
104
In this thesis, the interval type-2 (IT2) Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy control system is applied to a 2kW single-phase bidirectional inverter, which operates on grid-connection mode and rectification mode. At first, the state-space equation of the single phase bidirectional inverter is derived, and an integrator is added to the IT2 T-S fuzzy control system. The state variable of the integration of error is added to the state-space model. The fuzzy membership functions of the premise variable represent the interval type-2 fuzzy set, and formulate the IT2 T-S fuzzy model. The IT2 T-S fuzzy model together with T-S Fuzzy controller to found the IT2 T-S fuzzy closed-loop control system. Secondly, according to the Lyapunov stability theorem, the systems stability of four conditions are proposed. The conditions are both descried by the form of linear matrix inequality (LMI) to solve the LMI stability conditions to obtain the control gain. Theorem 1 is the H∞ performance stability theorem of the IT2 T-S fuzzy control system. By using the H∞ performance, the diode bias term of the IT2 T-S fuzzy control system is eliminated. Theorem 2 is the stability theorem of the robust stability of the IT2 T-S fuzzy control system. Theorem 2 can resist the model uncertainty of the system dynamics. In addition, by adopting the Non Parallel Distributed Compensation (Non-PDC), we can design the fuzzy systems, and reduce the amount of controllers. Theorem 3 is the H∞ performance stability theorem of the Non-PDC IT2 T-S fuzzy control system. Theorem 4 is the stability theorem of the robust Non-PDC IT2 T-S fuzzy control system. The advantage of the Non-PDC fuzzy control system is in reducing the rule of the fuzzy controllers and the difficulty of obtaining the control gain, saving the operation time of the microprocessor, and saving the cost of the microprocessor. Finally, based on the operation of grid-connection mode and rectification mode, comparison among IT2 T-S fuzzy control, Non-PDC IT2 T-S fuzzy control and Division-Summation control can be observed from the simulated and experimental results. The superiority of the single-phase bidirectional inverter with the robust IT2 T-S fuzzy control will be proved via the results.
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CHIANG, YA-HSUAN, and 蔣亞軒. "Design and Implementation of a Bidirectional Converter Using Interval Type-2 Robust Polynomial Fuzzy Systems with Time-Delay Dependent." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36kx76.

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Books on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Ismail, Khalida, Calum D. Moulton, Andrea Danese, and Brenda W. Penninx. A life course approach to understanding the association between depression and type 2 diabetes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789284.003.0002.

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The relationship between depression and type 2 diabetes is bidirectional and poorly explained by behavioural factors alone. Chronic activation of the innate immune system provides a promising mechanism by which both conditions could develop concurrently across the life course. Genetically, overlap between depression and type 2 diabetes has been reported by twin studies, although not yet at the genome-wide significance level. In utero, activation of inflammatory processes may impact on neurodevelopment of appetite and mood regulation. In early childhood, prolonged adversity is associated with subsequent elevated inflammation, depression, and obesity, which may be amplified by unhealthy lifestyle choices in adolescence. Finally, prolonged low socioeconomic status into adulthood is associated with chronically elevated inflammation and incident type 2 diabetes. In sum, a lifespan approach to the comorbidity of depression and type 2 diabetes offers novel opportunities for timely intervention and even for the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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Moulton, Calum D. Novel pharmacological targets. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198789284.003.0013.

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There is a bidirectional relationship between depression and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Patients with comorbid depression and T2D are at high risk of complications and premature mortality. Conventional treatments for depression do not consistently improve diabetes outcomes, despite improving depressive symptoms. Shared mechanisms may underpin both depression and T2D, providing novel pharmacological targets to treat both conditions simultaneously. There are several candidate pathways. For inflammation and vitamin D deficiency, there is good cross-sectional evidence to support an association with depression in T2D. Prospective epidemiological studies are needed to test biological pathways as predictive biomarkers of depression and T2D. Intervention studies are needed to test the modifiability of these pathways. Repurposing of established diabetes treatments may provide a ‘multiple hit’ strategy. The identification and modification of novel biological targets has the potential to treat both depression and T2D, as well as reducing longer term morbidity and mortality.
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Book chapters on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Yu, Wen, and Satyam Paul. "Type-2 Fuzzy PD/PID Control of Structures." In Active Control of Bidirectional Structural Vibration, 57–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46650-3_4.

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Felicissimo, Thiago. "Artifact report: Generic bidirectional typing for dependent type theories." In Programming Languages and Systems, 171–75. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57262-3_7.

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AbstractWe report on the implementation of a generic bidirectional algorithm for dependent type theories, following the proposal of the paper "Generic bidirectional typing for dependent type theories".
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Felicissimo, Thiago. "Generic bidirectional typing for dependent type theories." In Programming Languages and Systems, 143–70. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57262-3_6.

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AbstractBidirectional typing is a discipline in which the typing judgment is decomposed explicitly into inference and checking modes, allowing to control the flow of type information in typing rules and to specify algorithmically how they should be used. Bidirectional typing has been fruitfully studied and bidirectional systems have been developed for many type theories. However, the formal development of bidirectional typing has until now been kept confined to specific theories, with general guidelines remaining informal. In this work, we give a generic account of bidirectional typing for a general class of dependent type theories. This is done by first giving a general definition of type theories (or equivalently, a logical framework), for which we define declarative and bidirectional type systems. We then show, in a theory-independent fashion, that the two systems are equivalent. This equivalence is then explored to establish the decidability of typing for weak normalizing theories, yielding a generic type-checking algorithm that has been implemented in a prototype and used in practice with many theories.
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Chen, Liang-Ting, and Hsiang-Shang Ko. "A Formal Treatment of Bidirectional Typing." In Programming Languages and Systems, 115–42. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-57262-3_5.

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AbstractThere has been much progress in designing bidirectional type systems and associated type synthesis algorithms, but mainly on a case-by-case basis. To remedy the situation, this paper develops a general and formal theory of bidirectional typing for simply typed languages: for every signature that specifies a mode-correct bidirectionally typed language, there exists a proof-relevant type synthesiser which, given an input abstract syntax tree, constructs a typing derivation if any, gives its refutation if not, or reports that the input does not have enough type annotations. Sufficient conditions for deriving a type synthesiser such as soundness, completeness, and mode-correctness are studied universally for all signatures. We propose a preprocessing step called mode decoration, which helps the user to deal with missing type annotations. The entire theory is formally implemented in Agda, so we provide a verified generator of proof-relevant type synthesisers as a by-product of our formalism.
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Zhao, Shijie, Long Fang, Lin Wu, Yang Yang, and Junwei Han. "Decoding Task Sub-type States with Group Deep Bidirectional Recurrent Neural Network." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 241–50. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16431-6_23.

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Fujita, Toshio. "Substituent Effects in the Partition Coefficient of Disubstituted Benzenes: Bidirectional Hammett-Type Relationships." In Progress in Physical Organic Chemistry, 75–113. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470171936.ch2.

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Gay, Simon J., Diogo Poças, and Vasco T. Vasconcelos. "The Different Shades of Infinite Session Types." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 347–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99253-8_18.

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AbstractMany type systems include infinite types. In session type systems, infinite types are important because they specify communication protocols that are unbounded in time. Usually infinite session types are introduced as simple finite-state expressions "Equation missing" or by non-parametric equational definitions "Equation missing". Alternatively, some systems of label- or value-dependent session types go beyond simple recursive types. However, leaving dependent types aside, there is a much richer world of infinite session types, ranging through various forms of parametric equational definitions, to arbitrary infinite types in a coinductively defined space. We study infinite session types across a spectrum of shades of grey on the way to the bright light of general infinite types. We identify four points on the spectrum, characterised by different styles of equational definitions, and show that they form a strict hierarchy by establishing bidirectional correspondences with classes of automata: finite-state, 1-counter, pushdown and 2-counter. This allows us to establish decidability and undecidability results for type formation, type equivalence and duality in each class of types. We also consider previous work on context-free session types (and extend it to higher-order) and nested session types, and locate them on our spectrum of infinite types.
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Lakhani, Zeeshan, Ankush Das, Henry DeYoung, Andreia Mordido, and Frank Pfenning. "Polarized Subtyping." In Programming Languages and Systems, 431–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99336-8_16.

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AbstractPolarization of types in call-by-push-value naturally leads to the separation of inductively defined observable values (classified by positive types), and coinductively defined computations (classified by negative types), with adjoint modalities mediating between them. Taking this separation as a starting point, we develop a semantic characterization of typing with step indexing to capture observation depth of recursive computations. This semantics justifies a rich set of subtyping rules for an equirecursive variant of call-by-push-value, including variant and lazy records. We further present a bidirectional syntactic typing system for both values and computations that elegantly and pragmatically circumvents difficulties of type inference in the presence of width and depth subtyping for variant and lazy records. We demonstrate the flexibility of our system by systematically deriving related systems of subtyping for (a) isorecursive types, (b) call-by-name, and (c) call-by-value, all using a structural rather than a nominal interpretation of types.
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Kao, Yonggui, Cunchen Gao, Lu Wu, and Qinghe Ming. "Global Stability of Bidirectional Associative Memory Neural Networks with Variable Coefficients and S-Type Distributed Delays." In Neural Information Processing, 598–607. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11893028_67.

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Stamov, Gani, Stanislav Simeonov, and Ivan Torlakov. "Software Analysis of Bidirectional Associative Memory (BAM) Cohen–Grossberg-Type Impulsive Neural Networks with Time-Varying Delays." In Proceedings of Seventh International Congress on Information and Communication Technology, 371–78. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2397-5_34.

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Conference papers on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Xu, Tianxiang, Chunxia Zhang, Xiaoyu Jin, and Na Li. "Triple extraction based on meta-type prompt learning and bidirectional relation complementary attention." In Seventh International Conference on Advanced Electronic Materials, Computers, and Software Engineering (AEMCSE 2024), edited by Lvqing Yang, 85. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3038202.

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Nguyen, Danh-Nam, The-Tiep Pham, Trong-Nha Quang, and Duy-Dinh Nguyen. "Design of a Planar Transformer for Bidirectional Resonant Type Converters in On-Board Charger Applications: A Methodological Approach." In 2024 Tenth International Conference on Communications and Electronics (ICCE), 678–83. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icce62051.2024.10634698.

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Pauwels, Koen, Georgios Karachalias, Michiel Derhaeg, and Tom Schrijvers. "Bidirectional type class instances." In the 12th ACM SIGPLAN International Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3331545.3342596.

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Chlipala, Adam, Leaf Petersen, and Robert Harper. "Strict bidirectional type checking." In the 2005 ACM SIGPLAN international workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1040294.1040301.

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Frade, Maria João, Ando Saabas, and Tarmo Uustalu. "Bidirectional data-flow analyses, type-systematically." In the 2009 ACM SIGPLAN workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1480945.1480965.

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Çiçek, Ezgi, Weihao Qu, Gilles Barthe, Marco Gaboardi, and Deepak Garg. "Bidirectional type checking for relational properties." In PLDI '19: 40th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3314221.3314603.

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Mückenschnabel, Maya. "Algebraic Effect Handlers with Bidirectional Type-Checking." In SPLASH '24: 2024 ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Systems, Programming, Languages, and Applications: Software for Humanity, 25–27. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3689491.3689967.

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Tsai, C. S., Tsu-Cheng Chiang, and Yung-Chang Lin. "Experimental Evaluation of Piecewise Exact Solution for Structure Isolated With Sliding Type Isolators Under Bidirectional Earthquake." In ASME 2008 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2008-61446.

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In recent years, the base isolation technology has been recognized as a popular and an efficient way to upgrade the earthquake proof capability of a conventional fixed-base structure. Because the first mode of a base-isolated structure participates the most part of the seismic response from the point view of the modal analysis, it is reasonable to develop a simple method to evaluate the seismic responses of a base-isolated structure by assuming that the superstructure behaves as a rigid body during earthquakes. In this study, a piecewise exact solution for a structure isolated with a sliding type of isolators under bidirectional earthquakes has been developed. The comparisons between the experimental results and the piecewise exact solutions show that the proposed method can well simulate the nonlinear behavior of a structure equipped with sliding-type isolators when subjected to bidirectional earthquakes.
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Yang, Min-Kwon, and Woo-Young Choi. "Single-phase bidirectional three-level T-type inverter." In 2018 IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apec.2018.8341353.

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Xie, Jia Qiang, Yong Gao, Yuan Yang, and Li Ma. "Research on Dynamic Characteristics of Trench Type Bidirectional IGBT." In 2015 4th International Conference on Mechatronics, Materials, Chemistry and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icmmcce-15.2015.457.

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Reports on the topic "Typage bidirectionnel"

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Letcher, Theodore, Julie Parno, Zoe Courville, Lauren Farnsworth, and Jason Olivier. A generalized photon-tracking approach to simulate spectral snow albedo and transmittance using X-ray microtomography and geometric optics. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47122.

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A majority of snow radiative transfer models (RTMs) treat snow as a collection of idealized grains rather than an organized ice–air matrix. Here we present a generalized multi-layer photon-tracking RTM that simulates light reflectance and transmittance of snow based on X-ray micro- tomography images, treating snow as a coherent 3D structure rather than a collection of grains. The model uses a blended approach to expand ray-tracing techniques applied to sub-1 cm3 snow samples to snowpacks of arbitrary depths. While this framework has many potential applications, this study’s effort is focused on simulating reflectance and transmittance in the visible and near infrared (NIR) through thin snow- packs as this is relevant for surface energy balance and remote sensing applications. We demonstrate that this framework fits well within the context of previous work and capably reproduces many known optical properties of a snow surface, including the dependence of spectral reflectance on the snow specific surface area and incident zenith angle as well as the surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). To evaluate the model, we compare it against reflectance data collected with a spectroradiometer at a field site in east-central Vermont. In this experiment, painted panels were inserted at various depths beneath the snow to emulate thin snow. The model compares remarkably well against the reflectance measured with a spectroradiometer, with an average RMSE of 0.03 in the 400–1600 nm range. Sensitivity simulations using this model indicate that snow transmittance is greatest in the visible wavelengths, limiting light penetration to the top 6 cm of the snowpack for fine-grain snow but increasing to 12 cm for coarse-grain snow. These results suggest that the 5% transmission depth in snow can vary by over 6 cm according to the snow type.
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