Academic literature on the topic 'Two-Connected Domain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Vasconcelos, Giovani L. "Generalization of the Schwarz–Christoffel mapping to multiply connected polygonal domains." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2166 (June 8, 2014): 20130848. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0848.
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A generalization of the Schwarz–Christoffel mapping to multiply connected polygonal domains is obtained by making a combined use of two preimage domains, namely, a rectilinear slit domain and a bounded circular domain. The conformal mapping from the circular domain to the polygonal region is written as an indefinite integral whose integrand consists of a product of powers of the Schottky-Klein prime functions, which is the same irrespective of the preimage slit domain, and a prefactor function that depends on the choice of the rectilinear slit domain. A detailed derivation of the mapping formula is given for the case where the preimage slit domain is the upper half-plane with radial slits. Representation formulae for other canonical slit domains are also obtained but they are more cumbersome in that the prefactor function contains arbitrary parameters in the interior of the circular domain.
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Khrabustovskyi, Andrii. "Homogenization of the spectral problem on the Riemannian manifold consisting of two domains connected by many tubes." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 143, no. 6 (December 2013): 1255–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210510001927.
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The paper deals with the asymptotic behaviour as ε → 0 of the spectrum of the Laplace–Beltrami operator Δε on the Riemannian manifold Mε (dim Mε = N ≥ 2) depending on a small parameter ε > 0. Mε consists of two perforated domains, which are connected by an array of tubes of length qε. Each perforated domain is obtained by removing from the fixed domain Ω ⊂ ℝN the system of ε-periodically distributed balls of radius dε = ō(ε). We obtain a variety of homogenized spectral problems in Ω; their type depends on some relations between ε, dε and qε. In particular, if the limitsare positive, then the homogenized spectral problem contains the spectral parameter in a nonlinear manner, and its spectrum has a sequence of accumulation points.
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Romão, E. C., J. B. Aparecido, J. B. Campos-Silva, and L. F. M. Moura. "HEAT TRANSFER IN MULTI-CONNECTED AND IRREGULAR DOMAINS WITH NON-UNIFORM MESHES." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2008): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v7i2.61773.
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In this work is presented a numerical solution for temperature profile in two-dimensional diffusion inside irregular multi-connected geometry. The special discretization has been done by two variants of the finite Element Method: Galerkin Finite Element Method (GFEM) and Least Squares Finite Element Method (LSFEM). Three applications are presented. The first for a regular double connected domain; the second for a regular multi-connected domain and the third application for an irregular multi-connected domain. In all applications are considered Dirichlet boundary conditions. The results obtained in the present work are compared with results from Ansys® simulations. The results of each method are presented and discussed and the characteristics and advantages of the methods are also discussed.
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Hu, Zonglin, and Joe Lutkenhaus. "Analysis of MinC Reveals Two Independent Domains Involved in Interaction with MinD and FtsZ." Journal of Bacteriology 182, no. 14 (July 15, 2000): 3965–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.14.3965-3971.2000.
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ABSTRACT In Escherichia coli FtsZ assembles into a Z ring at midcell while assembly at polar sites is prevented by themin system. MinC, a component of this system, is an inhibitor of FtsZ assembly that is positioned within the cell by interaction with MinDE. In this study we found that MinC consists of two functional domains connected by a short linker. When fused to MalE the N-terminal domain is able to inhibit cell division and prevent FtsZ assembly in vitro. The C-terminal domain interacts with MinD, and expression in wild-type cells as a MalE fusion disrupts minfunction, resulting in a minicell phenotype. We also find that MinC is an oligomer, probably a dimer. Although the C-terminal domain is clearly sufficient for oligomerization, the N-terminal domain also promotes oligomerization. These results demonstrate that MinC consists of two independently functioning domains: an N-terminal domain capable of inhibiting FtsZ assembly and a C-terminal domain responsible for localization of MinC through interaction with MinD. The fusion of these two independent domains is required to achieve topological regulation of Z ring assembly.
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FERNANDES, F. Z., and M. C. LOPES FILHO. "TWO-DIMENSIONAL INCOMPRESSIBLE IDEAL FLOWS IN A NONCYLINDRICAL MATERIAL DOMAIN." Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences 17, no. 12 (December 2007): 2035–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218202507002558.
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The purpose of this work is to prove the existence of a weak solution of the two-dimensional incompressible Euler equations on a noncylindrical domain consisting of a smooth, bounded, connected and simply connected domain undergoing a prescribed motion. We prove the existence of a weak solution for initial vorticity in Lp, for p > 1. This work complements a similar result by C. He and L. Hsiao, who proved existence assuming that the flow velocity is tangent to the moving boundary, see Ref. 6.
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Green, Christopher C., and Giovani L. Vasconcelos. "Multiple steadily translating bubbles in a Hele-Shaw channel." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 470, no. 2163 (March 8, 2014): 20130698. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2013.0698.
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Analytical solutions are constructed for an assembly of any finite number of bubbles in steady motion in a Hele-Shaw channel. The solutions are given in the form of a conformal mapping from a bounded multiply connected circular domain to the flow region exterior to the bubbles. The mapping is written as the sum of two analytic functions—corresponding to the complex potentials in the laboratory and co-moving frames—that map the circular domain onto respective degenerate polygonal domains. These functions are obtained using the generalized Schwarz–Christoffel formula for multiply connected domains in terms of the Schottky–Klein prime function. Our solutions are very general in that no symmetry assumption concerning the geometrical disposition of the bubbles is made. Several examples for various bubble configurations are discussed.
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Sakajo, Takashi. "Equation of motion for point vortices in multiply connected circular domains." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 465, no. 2108 (June 10, 2009): 2589–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2009.0070.
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The paper gives the equation of motion for N point vortices in a bounded planar multiply connected domain inside the unit circle that contains many circular obstacles, called the circular domain. The velocity field induced by the point vortices is described in terms of the Schottky–Klein prime function associated with the circular domain. The explicit representation of the equation enables us not only to solve the Euler equations through the point-vortex approximation numerically, but also to investigate the interactions between localized vortex structures in the circular domain. As an application of the equation, we consider the motion of two point vortices with unit strength and of opposite signs. When the multiply connected domain is symmetric with respect to the real axis, the motion of the two point vortices is reduced to that of a single point vortex in a multiply connected semicircle, which we investigate in detail.
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CROWDY, DARREN. "Schwarz–Christoffel mappings to unbounded multiply connected polygonal regions." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 142, no. 2 (March 2007): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004106009832.
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AbstractA formula for the generalized Schwarz–Christoffel conformal mapping from a bounded multiply connected circular domain to an unbounded multiply connected polygonal domain is derived. The formula for the derivative of the mapping function is shown to contain a product of powers of Schottky–Klein prime functions associated with the circular preimage domain. Two analytical checks of the new formula are given. First, it is compared with a known formula in the doubly connected case. Second, a new slit mapping formula from a circular domain to the triply connected region exterior to three slits on the real axis is derived using separate arguments. The derivative of this independently-derived slit mapping formula is shown to correspond to a degenerate case of the new Schwarz–Christoffel mapping. The example of the mapping to the triply connected region exterior to three rectangles centred on the real axis is considered in detail.
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Lee, Yunhee. "A semiotics of creativity and a poetic metaphor: Towards a dialogical relation of expression and explanation." Semiotica 2016, no. 208 (January 1, 2016): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0122.
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AbstractThis paper aims to examine the status and ontology of expression level of sign to propose the concept of creativity in connection with Peirce’s theory of symbol and particularly symbolization. I argue that the process of symbolization has a certain directionality from the ontological to the substantial domain of sign. Thus, the internal world of concept is connected to the external world of things. In other words, a symbol as a cultural code with connoted meaning requires another dimension of a new creative expression. As a result, denotation on the expression level becomes extended. Based on this, symbols grow through symbolization with creative thinking. This process of symbolization is commensurate with explaining how two domains are connected. Consequently, the concept of creativity on the expression plane needs an explanation from a semiotic viewpoint as to how the ontological domain of concepts or ideas is connected to the substantial domain of expression or things based not on a psychological aspect but on a logical inference through metaphorical and analogical reasoning.
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Falke, S., M. Fisher, and E. Gogol. "Conformational Changes In GROEL Induced by a Protein Substrate." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 258–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760003378x.
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The GroEL/GroES chaperonin system of E. coli facilitates nucleotide dependent folding of select proteins. The structure of GroEL has been described by three-dimensional electron microscopy and at higher resolution by X-ray crystallography. The GroEL oligomer is a cylindrical tetradecamer composed of two heptameric rings of 57 kDa protein subunits, stacked back to back. Each subunit is comprised of two large domains, equatorial and apical, connected by a smaller intermediate domain. The intermediate “hinge” domain links the apical and equatorial domain and provides flexibility for en bloc rearrangement associated with nucleotide and GroES binding. Equatorial domains are responsible for interactions between the two heptamers and contain the ATPase activity of GroEL. Each ring of GroEL has a central cavity that is the binding site for denatured protein substrate. GroES and denatured substrate binding sites are located on the apical domains facing the central cavity.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Chen, Yen-Ming. "Numerical simulation of the unsteady two-dimensional flow in a time-dependent doubly-connected domain." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184701.
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Two-dimensional flow in a viscous incompressible fluid, generated by a circular cylinder executing large-amplitude rectilinear oscillations in a plane perpendicular to its axis and parallel to one of the sides of a surrounding rectangular box filled with incompressible fluid is studied numerically. The circular cylinder moves back and forth through its own wake, resulting in an extremely complex flow field. For ease of implementing boundary conditions, a numerically generated body-fitted coordinate system is used. At each time step, the physical domain is doubly-connected, and a cut is introduced in order to map it into a rectangular computational domain. A body-fitted grid is generated by solving a pair of Laplace equations with a simple grid spacing control method which preserves the essential one-to-one property of the mapping. A finite difference/pseudo-spectral technique is used in this work to solve the Navier-Stokes equations in velocity-vorticity formulation. The time integration of the vorticity transport equation is handled by a fully explicit three-level Adams-Bashforth method. The two Poisson equations for the velocity components are 11-banded and block-diagonal in form, and are solved by a preconditioned biconjugate gradient routine. An integral constraint on the vorticity field is used to determine the boundary vorticity that simultaneously satisfies the no-slip and no-penetration conditions. The surface vorticity is uniquely determined by a general solution procedure developed in this study which is valid for flows over multiple solid bodies. With this approach, the physical process of vorticity generation on the solid boundary is properly simulated and the principle of vorticity conservation is satisfied. Results for various test cases and the complex vortex shedding phenomena generated by an oscillating circular cylinder are presented and discussed.
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Kuo, Chung-Lun, and 郭仲倫. "Solving the interior and exterior Laplace problem in a two-dimensional multiply connected domain." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35224248717681571097.
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碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
機械與機電工程學系
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In this paper we obtain the series solution by the separation of variables method for two-dimensional Laplace equation and calculate the coefficient of the series solution by the collocation method. We also introduce the characteristic length to improve the accuracy and the stability. This method can be used in both simply connected domain and multiply connected domain. The shape of boundary is arbitrary. This method can also be used in both interior problem and exterior problem. This method has high accuracy and stability even under the boundary data disturbance.
Books on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Launay, Jean-Pierre, and Michel Verdaguer. The mastered electron: molecular electronics and spintronics, molecular machines. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814597.003.0005.
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After a historical account of the evolution which led to the concept of Molecular Electronics, the “Hybrid Molecular Electronics” approach (that is, molecules connected to nanosized metallic electrodes) is discussed. The different types of transport (one-step, two-step with different forms of tunnelling) are described, including the case where the molecule is paramagnetic (Kondo resonance). Several molecular achievements are presented: wires, diodes, memory cells, field-effect transistors, switches, using molecules, but also carbon nanotubes. A spin-off result is the possibility of imaging Molecular Orbitals. The emerging field of molecular spintronics is presented. Besides hybrid devices, examples are given of electronic functionalities using ensembles of molecules, either in solution (logical functions) or in the solid state (memory elements). The relation with the domain of Quantum Computing is presented, including the particular domain of Quantum Hamiltonian Computing. The chapter finishes by an introduction to molecular machines, with the problem of the directional control of their motion.
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Knight, Andrew P. Innovations in unobtrusive methods. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796978.003.0004.
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Andrew P. Knight explores developments in unobtrusive research methods using unconventional sources of data from computer-based systems and tools. These generate novel measures of behaviour based on the digital trace data that we all generate, online access to public and personal archives, wearable sensors, and the automatic coding of text, and audio and video recordings. Smartphones and wristbands are just two of the growing range of connected devices that are capable of capturing and sharing multimedia information in real-time. Devices such as these offer new ways in which researchers can gather data at low cost, avoiding reactance effects, allowing the study of how phenomena change over time, and expanding the scale of research, given the wide dissemination of the technology. Before adopting these methods, researchers need to consider whether they have the expertise, and the ethical issues raised by using information (which may be in the public domain) without informed consent.
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Paris, Roland. The Blurry Boundary between Peacebuilding and R2P. Edited by Alex J. Bellamy and Tim Dunne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.27.
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Policy practitioners and scholars have tended to treat the responsibility to protect (R2P) and peacebuilding as separate domains. This chapter, in contrast, argues that these two domains are more closely connected than both the policy discourse and much of the academic literature would suggest. Peacebuilding appears to be an integral part of R2P, and peacebuilding strategies aimed at reducing the risks of conflict relapse are core strategies for preventing atrocity crimes. Further, the use of coercive military force to stop an imminent or actual atrocity crime creates its own requirement for post-crisis peacebuilding. Thus, closer analysis of the relationship between peacebuilding and R2P would benefit both practitioners and scholars.
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Jena, Om Prakash, Alok Ranjan Tripathy, Brojo Kishore Mishra, and Ahmed A. Elngar, eds. Augmented Intelligence: Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Cognitive Computing, Educational Data Mining. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150404011220301.
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Blockchain, whether public or private, is capable enough to maintain the integrity of transactions by decentralizing the records for users. Many IoT companies are using blockchain technology to make the world a better-connected place. Businesses and researchers are exploring ways to make this technology increasingly efficient for IoT services. This volume presents the recent advances in these two technologies. Chapters explain the fundamentals of Blockchain and IoT, before explaining how these technologies, when merged together, provide a transparent, reliable, and secure model for data processing by intelligent devices in various domains. Readers will be able to understand how these technologies are making an impact on healthcare, supply chain management and electronic voting, to give a few examples. The 10 peer-reviewed book chapters have been contributed by scholars, researchers, academicians, and engineering professionals, and provide a comprehensive yet easily digestible update on Blockchain on IoT technology.
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Gupta, Koyel Datta, Deepak Kumar Sharma, Rinky Dwivedi, and Fadi Al-Turjman, eds. Recent Advances in IoT and Blockchain Technology. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/97898150516051220401.
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Blockchain, whether public or private, is capable enough to maintain the integrity of transactions by decentralizing the records for users. Many IoT companies are using blockchain technology to make the world a better-connected place. Businesses and researchers are exploring ways to make this technology increasingly efficient for IoT services. This volume presents the recent advances in these two technologies. Chapters explain the fundamentals of Blockchain and IoT, before explaining how these technologies, when merged together, provide a transparent, reliable, and secure model for data processing by intelligent devices in various domains. Readers will be able to understand how these technologies are making an impact on healthcare, supply chain management and electronic voting, to give a few examples. The 10 peer-reviewed book chapters have been contributed by scholars, researchers, academicians, and engineering professionals, and provide a comprehensive yet easily digestible update on Blockchain on IoT technology.
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Fedosov, Anton. Supporting the Design of Technology-Mediated Sharing Practices. Carl Grossmann, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24921/2020.94115943.
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Online social networks have made sharing personal experiences with others mostly in form of photos and comments a common activity. The convergenceof social, mobile, cloud and wearable computing expanded the scope of usergeneratedand shared content on the net from personal media to individual preferencesto physiological details (e.g., in the form of daily workouts) to informationabout real-world possessions (e.g., apartments, cars). Once everydaythings become increasingly networked (i.e., the Internet of Things), future onlineservices and connected devices will only expand the set of things to share. Given that a new generation of sharing services is about to emerge, it is of crucialimportance to provide service designers with the right insights to adequatelysupport novel sharing practices. This work explores these practices within twoemergent sharing domains: (1) personal activity tracking and (2) sharing economyservices. The goal of this dissertation is to understand current practices ofsharing personal digital and physical possessions, and to uncover correspondingend-user needs and concerns across novel sharing practices, in order to map thedesign space to support emergent and future sharing needs. We address this goalby adopting two research strategies, one using a bottom-up approach, the otherfollowing a top-down approach.In the bottom-up approach, we examine in-depth novel sharing practices within two emergent sharing domains through a set of empirical qualitative studies.We offer a rich and descriptive account of peoples sharing routines and characterizethe specific role of interactive technologies that support or inhibit sharingin those domains. We then design, develop, and deploy several technology prototypesthat afford digital and physical sharing with the view to informing the design of future sharing services and tools within two domains, personal activitytracking and sharing economy services.In the top-down approach, drawing on scholarship in human-computer interaction (HCI) and interaction design, we systematically examine prior workon current technology-mediated sharing practices and identify a set of commonalitiesand differences among sharing digital and physical artifacts. Based uponthese findings, we further argue that many challenges and issues that are presentin digital online sharing are also highly relevant for the physical sharing in thecontext of the sharing economy, especially when the shared physical objects havedigital representations and are mediated by an online platform. To account forthese particularities, we develop and field-test an action-driven toolkit for designpractitioners to both support the creation of future sharing economy platformsand services, as well as to improve the user experience of existing services.This dissertation should be of particular interest to HCI and interaction designresearchers who are critically exploring technology-mediated sharing practicesthrough fieldwork studies, as well to design practitioners who are building and evaluating sharing economy services.
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Yu, Ning. The Moral Metaphor System. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192866325.001.0001.
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Abstract This book presents a study of moral metaphors in English and Chinese, applying cognitive linguistics’ conceptual metaphor theory (CMT) to a comparative study of linguistic manifestation of the moral metaphor system rooted in the domains of bodily and physical experience. It intends to shed light on the metaphorical nature of moral cognition and how it is systematically manifested in language. The study sets out with the central goal to contribute to the discovery of potential commonalities that define moral cognition in general as well as the detection of possible differences that characterize distinct cultures concerning moral cognition. It probes into moral cognition at the cultural level as reflected in language, based on linguistic evidence from both English and Chinese and, to a limited extent, multimodal evidence from the corresponding cultures. The moral metaphor system under study is taken as consisting of three major subsystems, named in a shorthand fashion as “physical”, “visual”, and “spatial”. The three subsystems are clusters of conceptual metaphors, whose source concepts are from domains of embodied experiences in the physical world, and which are formulated in contrastive categories with bipolar values for the target concepts moral and immoral. The study is characterized by two keywords: system and systematicity. The former refers to the fact that metaphors (conceptual and linguistic) are connected in networks; the latter refers to the need that metaphors should be studied in such networks.
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Hritz, Carrie, Christian Isendahl, Lisa J. Lucero, John Meunier, Steffen Nijhuis, Payam Ostovar, Clemens Reichel, Vernon L. Scarborough, Federica Sulas, and T. L. Thurston. IF THE PAST TEACHES, WHAT DOES THE FUTURE LEARN? Ancient Urban Regions and the Durable Future. Edited by John T. Murphy and Carole L. Crumley. TU Delft, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.32.
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How can we transform urban environments to encourage durability and mediate the social price of myriad risks and vulnerability?Our work here is to build a bridge from archaeology to mainstream architectural and design theory. The study of places, landscapes, and regions links the two fields. Architecture can be shaped and enhanced by the long-term cultural and geographic perspective afforded by archaeology; architecture can offer archaeology a ride into the future. We hope that our efforts are novel enough to be inspiring and connected enough to allow existing concepts to be furthered. The bridge unites three domains: material, social, and aesthetic. We look to the past to find material technologies—new engineering and conceptual solutions to an array of problems—and the past obliges with many examples. However, these technologies in their material aspects are only part of the story. The archaeologist sees them as playing a role in a system. This system, while mechanically functional, is also profoundly social: it includes administrative structures, but also innumerable other kinds of relationships—kin groups, neighborhoods, genders—that mirror the embedded relations between humans and nature. As in architecture, systems include semantics and aesthetics: not only are these forms pleasing to the eye, but they also tell stories of history and place and give identity and meaning to the lives in which they are enmeshed. This multi-functionality and multi-vocality are inherent in past systems.
Book chapters on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Owen, Gwilym, Yu Chen, Gwilym Pryce, Tim Birabi, Hui Song, and Bifeng Wang. "Deprivation Indices in China: Establishing Principles for Application and Interpretation." In The Urban Book Series, 305–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74544-8_14.
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AbstractIndicesofMultiple Deprivation(IMDs) aim to measure living standards at the small area level. These indices were originally developed in the United Kingdom, but there is a growing interest in adapting them for use in China. However, due to data limitations, Chinese deprivation indices sometimes diverge considerably in approaches and are not always connected with the underlying concepts within UK analysis. In this paper, we seek to bring direction and conceptual rigour to this nascent literature by establishing a set of core principles for IMD estimation that are relevant and feasible in the Chinese context. These principles are based on specifying deprivation domains from theory, selecting the most appropriate measurements for these domains, and then applying rigorous statistical techniques to combine them into an IMD. We apply these principles to create an IMD for Shijiazhuang, the capital city of Hebei Province. We use this to investigate the spatial patterns of deprivation in Shijiazhuang, focussing on clusteringand centralisationof deprivation as well as exploring different deprivation typologies. We highlight two distinct types of deprived areas. One is clustered in industrial areas on the edge of the city, while the second is found more centrally and contains high proportions of low-skilled service workers.
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Li, Dongchen, Shengyong Xu, Yuezhi Zheng, Changgui Qi, and Pengjiao Yao. "Navigation Path Detection for Cotton Field Operator Robot Based on Horizontal Spline Segmentation." In Robotic Systems, 1326–40. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1754-3.ch063.
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Visual navigation is one of the fundamental techniques of intelligent cotton-picking robot. Cotton field composition is complex and the presence of occlusion and illumination makes it hard to accurately identify furrows so as to extract the navigation line. In this paper, a new field navigation path extraction method based on horizontal spline segmentation is presented. Firstly, the color image in RGB color space is pre-processed by the OTSU threshold algorithm to segment the binary image of the furrow. The cotton field image components are divided into four categories: furrow (ingredients include land, wilted leaves, etc.), cotton fiber, other organs of cotton and the outside area or obstructions. By using the significant differences in hue and value of the HSV model, the authors segment the threshold by two steps. Firstly, they segment cotton wool in the S channel, and then segment the furrow in the V channel in the area outside the cotton wool area. In addition, morphological processing is needed to filter out small noise area. Secondly, the horizontal spline is used to segment the binary image. The authors detect the connected domains in the horizontal splines, and merger the isolate small areas caused by the cotton wool or light spots in the nearby big connected domains so as to get connected domain of the furrow. Thirdly, they make the center of the bottom of the image as the starting point, and successively select the candidate point from the midpoint of the connected domain, according to the principle that the distance between adjacent navigation line candidate is smaller. Finally, the authors count the number of the connected domains and calculate the change of parameters of boundary line of the connected domain to make sure whether the robot reaches the outside of the field or encounters obstacles. If there is no anomaly, the navigation path is fitted by the navigation points using the least squares method. Experiments prove that this method is accurate and effective, which is suitable for visual navigation in the complex environment of a cotton field in different phases.
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Ma, Yaocai, Aizhong Lu, Hui Cai, and Xiangtai Zeng. "Numerical Applications of Conformal Mapping with Explicit Formulae Based on the Power Series Method." In Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering. IOS Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/atde220024.
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A general optimization method, based on the power series method, is presented for computing the conformal mappings with explicit expressions from: (a) the unit disc onto an infinite domain exterior of a closed Jordan curve, (b) the circular annulus domain onto a finite doubly-connected domain bounded by two closed Jordan curves, (c) the infinite domain bounded by two circular curves onto an infinite domain bounded by two non-circular closed Jordan curves. The unknown mapping functions are approximated by the power series method. The problem of solving the mapping function coefficients is transformed into the problem of determining the image points on the image plane by means of the least square method. Different from most of the previous optimization methods, the angles are set as the design variables rather than the mapping function coefficients in the paper. The influence of the terms of the series on the calculation accuracy is investigated. The successful applications of the proposed method are shown by a large number of numerical examples.
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Zhizhin, G. V., and M. V. Diudea. "Space of Nanoworld." In Sustainable Nanosystems Development, Properties, and Applications, 214–36. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0492-4.ch007.
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In this chapter, a geometrical model to accurately describe the distribution of light points in diffraction patterns of quasicrystals is proposed. It is shown that the proposed system of parallel lines has axes of the fifth order, periodically repeating the fundamental domain of the quasicrystals. A 4D- polytope, called the golden hyperrombohedron is introduced. It consists from eight rhombohedrons densely filling the 4D space (like the regular 8-Cell). Faces of the hyperrombohedron are connected by the golden section; they can be scaled as needed. On this universal lattice of the golden hyperrombohedron, famous crystallographic lattices: Bravais, Delaunay, Voronoi, etc. can be embedded. In supporting the idea of n-dimensional domains entangled within the three-dimensional Euclidean space, in minerals or synthetic chemicals, two series of small double-shell clusters are designed by operations on maps and their topological properties discussed.
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"Simply Connected Domains, Part Two." In Harmonic Measure, 269–314. Cambridge University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511546617.009.
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V. Yevdokymov, Dmytro, and Yuri L. Menshikov. "Mathematical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Diffusive Processes in Slow Changing Domains." In Modeling and Simulation in Engineering - Selected Problems. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.93788.
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Nowadays, diffusion and heat conduction processes in slow changing domains attract great attention. Slow-phase transitions and growth of biological structures can be considered as examples of such processes. The main difficulty in numerical solutions of correspondent problems is connected with the presence of two time scales. The first one is time scale describing diffusion or heat conduction. The second time scale is connected with the mentioned slow domain evolution. If there is sufficient difference in order of the listed time scale, strong computational difficulties in application of time-stepping algorithms are observed. To overcome the mentioned difficulties, it is proposed to apply a small parameter method for obtaining a new mathematical model, in which the starting parabolic initial-boundary-value problem is replaced by a sequence of elliptic boundary-value problems. Application of the boundary element method for numerical solution of the obtained sequence of problems gives an opportunity to solve the whole considered problem in slow time with high accuracy specific to the mentioned algorithm. Besides that, questions about convergence of the obtained asymptotic expansion and correspondence between initial and obtained formulations of the problem are considered separately. The proposed numerical approach is illustrated by several examples of numerical calculations for relevant problems.
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Feldman, Seymour. "Introduction: Life and Works." In Gersonides, 1–27. Liverpool University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113447.003.0001.
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This chapter ranges over a lot of philosophical and theological territory, such as Gersonides' treatment of divine cognition that takes up Maimonides' theory of divine attributes. It provides an introduction to the immortality of the soul, dreams, divination, and prophecy, divine cognition and divine providence, the heavenly domain, and the creation of the world. The chapter also discusses two subsidiary theological issues: miracles, which is connected with the creation of the world, and “testing the prophet.” It talks about Gersonides' philosophical project, which he shared with several medieval philosophers. The project emphasized that human happiness is the perfection of what it is to be human, namely, the perfection of the intellect.
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Larmore, Charles. "Conclusion." In What Is Political Philosophy?, 172–78. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691179148.003.0005.
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This chapter, whose main theme is the nature of political philosophy, focuses on modern liberalism in order to explain what exactly the principle of political legitimacy is. It explains why political legitimacy should be understood as something propounding and why some may see reason to reject it when it is the best fit for the modern world. It also argues that political philosophy should be understood in its domain in which things are never likely to be as ideally as people think it should. The chapter mentions two connected themes that have shaped the realistic approach to political philosophy. It defends an approach that intersects with the lines of thinking that at the present time often go under the name of “political realism.”
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Chiprianov, Vanea, Yvon Kermarrec, and Siegfried Rouvrais. "Integrating DSLs into a Software Engineering Process." In Software Design and Development, 570–95. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-4301-7.ch028.
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The development of large and complex systems involves many people, stakeholders. Engineeringly speaking, one way to control this complexity is by designing and analyzing the system from different perspectives. For each perspective, stakeholders benefit from means, tools, languages, specific to their activity domain. A Domain Specific Language (DSL) per perspective is such a dedicated means. While DSLs are used for modeling, other means, tools, and languages are needed for other connected activities, like testing or collaborating. However, using such different types of tools together, integrating DSLs into stakeholders’ software process is not straightforward. In this chapter, the authors advance an integration process of DSLs with other tools. The chapter proposes each stakeholder have their own DSL with associated graphical editor, operational semantics, and generation of scripts for off the shelf simulators, e.g., testing. Additionally to the integrated stakeholders’ software process, the authors introduce a model driven process dedicated to the tool vendor which creates the DSLs and its associated tools. Due to the integration of DSLs into this process, they contend that stakeholders will significantly reduce system construction time. The chapter illustrates the two processes on Telecommunications service construction.
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Hsu, Kuo-Wei, and Yung-Chang Ko. "Analysis of Operation Performance of Blast Furnace With Machine Learning Methods." In Advances in Business Information Systems and Analytics, 242–69. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4963-5.ch008.
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Although its theoretical foundation is well understood by researchers, a blast furnace is like a black box in practice because its behavior is not always as expected. It is a complex reactor where multiple reactions and multiple phases are involved, and the operation heavily relies on the operators' experience. In order to help the operators gain insights into the operation, the authors do not use traditional metallurgy models but instead use machine learning methods to analyze the data associated with the operation performance of a blast furnace. They analyze the variables that are connected to the economic and technical performance indices by combining domain knowledge and results obtained from two fundamental feature selection methods, and they propose a classification algorithm to train classifiers for the prediction of the operation performance. The findings could assist the operators in reviewing as well as improving the guideline for the operation.
Conference papers on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Zhu, Feng, Yan Wang, Chaochao Chen, Guanfeng Liu, Mehmet Orgun, and Jia Wu. "A Deep Framework for Cross-Domain and Cross-System Recommendations." In Twenty-Seventh International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-18}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2018/516.
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Cross-Domain Recommendation (CDR) and Cross-System Recommendations (CSR) are two of the promising solutions to address the long-standing data sparsity problem in recommender systems. They leverage the relatively richer information, e.g., ratings, from the source domain or system to improve the recommendation accuracy in the target domain or system. Therefore, finding an accurate mapping of the latent factors across domains or systems is crucial to enhancing recommendation accuracy. However, this is a very challenging task because of the complex relationships between the latent factors of the source and target domains or systems. To this end, in this paper, we propose a Deep framework for both Cross-Domain and Cross-System Recommendations, called DCDCSR, based on Matrix Factorization (MF) models and a fully connected Deep Neural Network (DNN). Specifically, DCDCSR first employs the MF models to generate user and item latent factors and then employs the DNN to map the latent factors across domains or systems. More importantly, we take into account the rating sparsity degrees of individual users and items in different domains or systems and use them to guide the DNN training process for utilizing the rating data more effectively. Extensive experiments conducted on three real-world datasets demonstrate that DCDCSR framework outperforms the state-of-the-art CDR and CSR approaches in terms of recommendation accuracy.
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Armstrong, C., Y. Drobyshevski, and C. Chin. "Application of Frequency Domain Methods for Response Based Analysis of Flexible Risers." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61741.
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Response Based Analysis (RBA) is an advanced method for the prediction of long term distributions of critical responses in offshore floating systems. For complex non-linear systems such as flexible risers, RBA requires time domain simulations that form the core data to which probabilistic models are applied. Because RBA requires significantly larger amounts of data than traditional short term analysis approaches, running the required number of simulations in the time domain can quickly become unfeasible if the system’s physics being modelled are exceedingly complex. In addition, flexible risers are complex composite structures with highly dynamic, non-linear responses which further limit the feasibility of application of the RBA process to these systems. As an alternative, frequency domain solvers, such as that used in the OrcaFlex software, are potential substitutes for portions of datasets due to their processing times being significantly faster than time domain solvers. A comparison of extreme responses generated by frequency and time domain solvers was performed over the duration of two storms. An upper threshold limit for the frequency domain’s accuracy was found by comparing the differences of the two solver’s responses as the storm progressed; where the differences became too large the threshold limit was set. For environmental conditions smaller than this threshold, the frequency domain solver may provide a quicker method for predicting the riser responses. Conditions that exceed this threshold require full time domain analysis for accurate responses to be generated. Limitations of the frequency domain solvers include their reduced ability to deal with non-linear mechanics such as bending/curvature responses. As a result, curvature component results from the frequency domain are limited in their direct usability, especially when exposed to more extreme metocean conditions and locations along the riser that are subject to larger curvature (generally where risers are connected to structures with greater stiffness). Although these limitations exist, the frequency domain solver may still provide reasonable insight into metocean conditions that potentially cause extreme responses. A method is proposed for the use of both frequency and time domain simulations in the flexible riser flowline RBA process. Screening, filtering and ‘stitching’ methods utilizing the speed of the frequency domain solver are presented in order to compensate for the time domain’s extensive computation times. The proposed method of stitching, when applied to an example storm history, required 39% of the processing time when using only the time domain solver.
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Pan, Zhifeng, Xiaohong Wang, Thi Thu Giang Hoang, Ying Luo, Yangquan Chen, and Lianfang Tian. "Design and Application of Fractional Order PIλDµ Controller in Grid-Connected Inverter System." In ASME 2017 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2017-67355.
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In comparison with the traditional controller PID, the fractional order controller PIλDμ is added with two parameters (μ and λ), that increases the flexibility of the controller. The larger adjustable space makes it more favorable to the control of the nonlinear system like the three-phase grid-connected inverter. However, since the fractional calculus operator is an irrational function on the complex plane, it can’t be implemented directly in simulation or in practical applications. In this paper, the advantages of the fractional order controller PIλDμ will be analyzed, then the fractional calculus operator is fitted by the frequency domain analysis method. Based on the vector method, the fractional order controller PIλDμ of the grid-connected inverter is designed. Simultaneously, the optimal controller parameters are searched with the ITAE and IAE as the performance index. And finally, the results are compared with those of the traditional controller PID. In consideration of the defects of fractional algorithm and single discretization method, a hybrid discretization method is proposed in order to ensure that the discretized controller can keep the same time-domain response and frequency characteristics as the designed controller. The experimental results show that the proposed method has the dynamic and static characteristics better than the traditional controller PID, which proves that the application of fractional order controller in three-phase grid-connected inverter is effective and feasible.
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Naciri, Mamoun, Helene Schaegis, and Guillaume Ardoise. "Coupled Analysis of an FPSO and Dry Tree Unit Connected by a Gravity Actuated Pipe (GAP)." In ASME 2008 27th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2008-57536.
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MURPHY Sabah Oil Co. Ltd. has developed the Kikeh Field located offshore Malaysia in the South China Sea in a water depth of 1325m. This field development is based on a Floating Production Storage and Offloading unit (FPSO) and a Spar Dry Tree Unit (DTU). Fluids are transported in fluid transfer lines (FTL) using SBM’s newly developed and patented Gravity Actuated Pipe (GAP) system. To our knowledge this is the first time two large moored floaters are connected together by a slender body closing a gap of 1600m. It was not clear at the beginning of the project to what extent the first and second order motions of the two floaters were coupled, if at all, owing to the presence of the GAP system. To investigate the extent of coupling, both frequency domain (modal analysis) and time domain analyses of the FPSO, GAP system and Dry Tree Unit were performed. The salient features and results are presented.
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Colicchio, Giuseppina, Claudio Lugni, Marilena Greco, and Odd M. Faltinsen. "Dynamic Domain Decomposition Strategy Coupling Lattice Boltzmann Methods With Finite Differences Approximations of the Navier-Stokes Equations to Study Bodies in Current." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42195.
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A Domain-Decomposition (DD) strategy is proposed for problems involving regions with slow variations of the flow (A) and others where the fluid features undergo rapid changes (B), like in the case of steady current past bodies with pronounced local unsteadiness connected with the vortex shedding from the structures. For an efficient and accurate solution of such problems, the DD couples a Finite Difference solver of the Navier-Stokes equations (FD-NS) with a Multiple Relaxation Time Lattice Boltzmann method (MRT-LBM). Regions A are handled by FD-NS, while zones B are solved by MRT-LBM and the two solvers exchange information within a strong coupling strategy. Present DD strategy is able to deal with a dynamic change of the sub-domains topology. This feature is needed when regions with vorticity shed from the body vary in time for a more flexible and reliable solution strategy. Its performances in terms of accuracy and efficiency have been successfully assessed by comparing the hybrid solver against a full FD-NS solution and experimental data for a 2D circular cylinder in an impulsively started flow.
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Xia, Yiwei, Giuseppe Trainiti, Alper Erturk, and Massimo Ruzzene. "Selective Wave Filtering in Time-Modulated Elastic Metamaterials." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85991.
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We implement periodic stiffness time-modulation in a beam with piezoelectric patches and switchable shunted negative capacitance. The shunted negative capacitance circuits, connected in series with each piezoelectric patch through a switch, soften the structure. By alternatively opening and closing the switch, the beam’s stiffness effectively oscillates periodically between two values. We present a simplified theoretical model of time-periodic beams and describe the occurrence of flat bands in the dispersion diagrams. We show that a narrowband reflection from a time-modulated domain can be obtained for a broadband incident wave, hence qualifying the modulated domain as a single-port system with tunable response. We validate our theoretical findings by comparing time-domain simulations with experimental measurements of transient wavefields through scanning Doppler laser vibrometry.
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Dong, Qing, Jianmin Yang, Haining Lu, Xin Li, Wenyue Lu, and Lei Liu. "Dynamic Response of a Gangway Between Two Floating Bodies in a Side-by-Side Configuration." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-96578.
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Abstract A number of tender assisted drilling platforms (TAD) are built to offer comfortable accommodation for crew, onsite construction and maintenance for production platforms. The two platforms are usually connected by a telescopic gangway. The safety and feasibility of gangway are essential during personnel transfer operation. In this paper, a TLP-TAD coupled system was investigated numerically and experimentally to study the gangway motion responses. The numerical model was established in frequency domain using 3D multi-body diffraction/radiation wave theory. Then time domain simulation was performed to consider the second-order drift loads and nonlinearity of mooring lines and hawsers. A systematic model test was also conducted for the coupled system. The connection point between gangway and platform was regarded as a joint, so gangway motion could be derived by global motions of TLP and TAD. Both single-body and multi-body cases were studied for comparison. The differences of global responses between two cases were relatively small, indicating that multi-body hydrodynamic interaction was not quite significant. The interaction aroused sway-surge and sway-heave coupling, and shielding effect also existed. Based on the above, gangway extension was investigated to analyze which degree of freedom (DOF) of global motion governed it.
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Antunes, Jose, Xavier Delaune, and Philippe Piteau. "Time-Domain Modeling of the Random Vibrations of Tubes Subjected to Turbulence-Conveying Flows." In ASME 2011 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2011-57162.
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The vibrations of multi-supported tubes subjected to flow excitation have been the subject of active research for many years, in particular connected with the critical design of heat exchangers and fuel bundles of nuclear power facilities. Because tubes are often loosely supported, their nonlinear dynamics are conveniently addressed through time-domain numerical simulations, for the predictive analysis with respect to wear and fatigue. Turbulence is one of the main excitation mechanisms which drive tube vibrations. We recently revisited the problem of random excitation generation in the time domain, for transverse flows. A new simplified an efficient technique was developed, which properly emulates the spectral and spatial features of the turbulence force field. Results were successfully compared with those from another generation method based on the classical work by Shinozuka and co-workers. In the present paper, we extend our previous work by modeling the time-domain random excitation from flows which display a significant axial velocity component, leading to the convection of turbulence fluctuations. This problem has been addressed by many authors in the past, mainly focusing on linear analysis in the frequency domain, for flow-excited plates, pipes and tubes. Here, for the purpose of nonlinear analysis, we focus on two techniques for generating time-domain turbulence excitations which properly account for the effects of the axial transport term in convective flows. We start by extending our original random force generation method, in order to emulate axial turbulent flows. For the purpose of physical discussion and computational efficiency evaluation, we also implemented an updated version of Shinozuka’s excitation generation technique. We discuss the use of random forces applied at fixed locations, but also investigate the use of axially convected travelling forces. The practical significance of the cross-spectral convection term is evaluated for pure axial and mixed flows. Finally, because time-domain dynamical simulations of practical interest are usually two-dimensional, we discuss the correlation of the orthogonal random forces generated along the motion directions, when simulating two-dimensional turbulence fields.
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Kim, OkJoon, Uma Jayaram, and Lijuan Zhu. "An Ontology-Based Online Community to Maintain Engineering Knowledge in a Training Domain." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-47920.
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The research presented in this paper seeks to develop an ontology-based online community for knowledge exchange between expert engineers and new engineers. We call this community CREEK (Community for Retention of Engineering dEsign Knowledge). This paper seeks to develop methods and tools related to knowledge acquisition, knowledge modeling, knowledge management, and knowledge presentation that can support activities in this community in engineering design and training domains. An important consideration is to design and deploy the online community and the underlying ontology model such that they will not exist in isolation but will be connected to a product data ontology and a training ontology. In our previous work engineering knowledge related to product data in engineering design and assembly has been modeled. In this work procedural knowledge and knowledge in the training domains related to these procedures are also modeled and populated using ontologies. We have designed an architecture that will allow the ontology of the on-line community to tap into the engineering knowledge from these two supporting domains. In addition, there is a connection the other way too. The online community also allows new knowledge to be captured from experts and be (semi-)automatically transferred to product design and training domains.
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Kim, Daejong, An Sung Lee, and Bum Seog Choi. "Evaluation of Foil Bearing Performance and Nonlinear Rotordynamics of 120kW Oil-Free Gas Turbine Generator." In ASME Turbo Expo 2013: Turbine Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2013-95800.
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This paper presents design approach of air foil bearings (AFBs) for 120kWe gas turbine generator, which is a single spool configuration with gas generator turbine and alternator rotor connected by a diaphragm coupling. Total four radial AFBs support the two rotors, and one set of double acting thrust foil bearing is located inside the gas generator turbine. The rotor configuration results in eight degree of freedom (DOF) rotordynamic motions, which are two cylindrical modes and two conical modes from the two rotors. Stiffness of bump foils of candidate AFB was estimated from measured structural stiffness of the bearing, and implemented to computational model for linear stiffness and damping coefficients of the bearing and frequency-domain modal impedances for cylindrical and conical modes. Stiffness of the diaphragm coupling was evaluated using finite element analysis and implemented to non-linear rotordynamic analyses of entire engine. Analyses show conical mode of turbine rotor is the main source of instability of entire engine when AFB clearance is not selected properly. Optimum AFB clearance is suggested from frequency domain modal analyses and nonlinear transient analyses.
Reports on the topic "Two-Connected Domain"
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Droogan, Julian, Lise Waldek, Brian Ballsun-Stanton, and Jade Hutchinson. Mapping a Social Media Ecosystem: Outlinking on Gab & Twitter Amongst the Australian Far-right Milieu. RESOLVE Network, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/remve2022.6.
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Attention to the internet and the online spaces in which violent extremists interact and spread content has increased over the past decades. More recently, that attention has shifted from understanding how groups like the self-proclaimed Islamic State use the internet to spread propaganda to understanding the broader internet environment and, specifically, far-right violent extremist activities within it. This focus on how far right violent extremist—including far-right racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists (REMVEs) within them—create, use, and exploit the online networks in which they exist to promote their hateful ideology and reach has largely focused on North America and Europe. However, in recent years, examinations of those online dynamics elsewhere, including in Australia, is increasing. Far right movements have been active in Australia for decades. While these movements are not necessarily extremist nor violent, understanding how violent far right extremists and REMVEs interact within or seek to exploit these broader communities is important in further understanding the tactics, reach, and impact of REMVEs in Australia. This is particularly important in the online space access to broader networks of individuals and ideas is increasingly expanding. Adding to a steadily expanding body of knowledge examining online activities and networks of both broader far right as well as violent extremist far right populations in Australia, this paper presents a data-driven examination of the online ecosystems in which identified Australian far-right violent extremists exist and interact,1 as mapped by user generated uniform resource locators (URL), or ‘links’, to internet locations gathered from two online social platforms—Twitter and Gab. This link-based analysis has been used in previous studies of online extremism to map the platforms and content shared in online spaces and provide further detail on the online ecosystems in which extremists interact. Data incorporating the links was automatically collected from Twitter and Gab posts from users existing within the online milieu in which those identified far right extremists were connected. The data was collected over three discrete one-month periods spanning 2019, the year in which an Australian far right violent extremist carried out the Christchurch attack. Networks of links expanding out from the Twitter and Gab accounts were mapped in two ways to explore the extent and nature of the online ecosystems in which these identified far right Australian violent extremists are connected, including: To map the extent and nature of these ecosystems (e.g., the extent to which other online platforms are used and connected to one another), the project mapped where the most highly engaged links connect out to (i.e., website domain names), and To explore the nature of content being spread within those ecosystems, what sorts of content is found at the end of the most highly engaged links. The most highly engaged hashtags from across this time are also presented for additional thematic analysis. The mapping of links illustrated the interconnectedness of a social media ecosystem consisting of multiple platforms that were identified as having different purposes and functions. Importantly, no links to explicitly violent or illegal activity were identified among the top-most highly engaged sites. The paper discusses the implications of the findings in light of this for future policy, practice, and research focused on understanding the online ecosystems in which identified REMVE actors are connected and the types of thematic content shared and additional implications in light of the types of non-violent content shared within them.