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Goshe, Lisa R. "Age at maturation and growth rates of green sea turtles (Chelonia Mydas) along the southeastern U.S. Atlantic Coast estimated using skeletochronology." View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-1/goshel/lisagoshe.pdf.
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Weiss, Justin Adam. "Demographics, activity, and habitat selection of the Eastern Box Turtle (terrapene c. carolina) in West Virginia." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2009. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=945.
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Le, Gouvello Du Timat Diane Zelica Marie. "The effects of turtle-introduced nutrients on beach ecosystems." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/6959.
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Resource subsidies are flows of nutrients from one ecosystem to another. Sandy beach ecosystems are at the interface between land and sea and thus receive nutrients from both land/seascapes. The seasonal nesting of sea turtles introduces large inputs of eggs, and so nutrients, onto sandy beach ecosystems, but little is known about the effects of these spatially and temporally variable nutrient input pulses on the dynamics of consumers in the recipient system. In this study, I examined the ecological role of sea turtles as vectors of nutrients that introduce large amounts of nutrients (in the form of eggs) from distant foraging grounds into nutrient-poor beach ecosystems. Although some of the nutrients return to the sea in the form of hatchlings, nutrients from unhatched and depredated eggs, dead and predated hatchlings, as well as chorioallantoic fluid and egg shells remain on the beach and presumably enter sandy beach food webs. I hypothesized that turtle nutrients significantly increase the availability of nutrients to sandy beach ecosystems and that those nutrients are incorporated by both terrestrial and marine food webs. These hypotheses were tested by comparing isotopic signatures of 13C and 15N of consumers on beaches with high and low turtle nest densities. The response of meiofauna to the decomposition of turtle eggs was also investigated. I predicted that meiofaunal abundance is positively affected by turtle nutrients and that higher meiofaunal abundances will be obtained in decomposing, depredated nests. I tested this hypothesis by comparing meiofaunal abundance in naturally predated nests to densities away from turtle nests (as a control). An in situ experiment that mimics conditions of naturally predated sea turtle nest, was set up to test meiofaunal community responses to turtle nutrients over time. The study indicates that sea turtle eggs represent a short pulsed resource subsidy that increases the nutrient and energy budget of sandy beach ecosystems. The results show that of the five potential nutrient pathways tested, ghost crabs appear to consume egg nutrients in measurable quantities, altering their diet and feeding behaviour according to food availability. The study also showed that there was a strong, but short-lived positive response of meiofauna to the introduction of nutrients, with increased abundance of all taxa in predated nests and experimental treatments. This response was particularly strong for nematodes which peaked in abundance after seven days. I conclude that turtle-derived nutrients represent a pulsed resource subsidy that makes significant contribution to the energy budget of sandy beach/dune ecosystems.
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Huang, Weizhong, and Weizhong Huang. "Turtle Beach." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2014. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1811.
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This paper thoroughly examines the production of the thesis film, Turtle Beach. Each area of the film’s production is carefully dissected, including the writing, production design, cinematography, directing, editing, sound, technology, workflow and visual effect. Specific attention has been paid to writing and cinematography, and how they affect editing.
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Robertson, Mike. "The turtle /." Read thesis online, 2008. http://library.uco.edu/UCOthesis/RobertsonM2008.pdf.
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Richardson, Peter Bradley. "Managing marine turtles : a study of marine turtle conservation science and policy." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3167.
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Marine turtles are an ancient group of reptiles that have been used by humans as a source of protein for over 7,000 years. In recent decades, acknowledgement of the various threats to marine turtles, including the deleterious impact of historical and contemporary use on many populations, led the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) to list all seven extant species of marine turtle on their Red List of Threatened Species. Consequently, marine turtles are often given protected status in the national legislation of countries around the world, despite the existence of ongoing use cultures in communities that live with marine turtles. Conservation strategies are challenged by the migratory nature of marine turtles, which have complex life histories typically involving the use of habitats in the jurisdictions of multiple sovereign states as well as the high seas. As a result, a suite of multi-lateral environmental agreements (MEAs) list marine turtles in the most highly protective categories. Thus, governments of sovereign states that have acceded to the various MEAs are committed to conservation strategies requiring national action and cooperative multi-lateral action, which can conflict with interests of communities with a tradition of marine turtle consumption. In this thesis I provide examples of how contemporary scientific research methods can elucidate the migratory behaviours of marine turtles, and can help define range of populations subject to national conservation action and use. I examine specific examples of how this information can inform national and multi-lateral conservation policies and strategies; how those policies and strategies interact and impact on traditional cultures of marine turtle use in the UK Overseas Territories in the Caribbean; and provide an example of the potential benefits of engaging stakeholders with contemporary research methods. This thesis highlights the utility of a multi-disciplinary approach to research underpinning marine turtle conservation and management, which acknowledges the limitations of MEAs and national government capacity, and which incorporates participation of those communities engaged in marine turtle consumption.
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de, Wet Anje. "Factors affecting survivorship of loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles of South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1007900.
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Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) sea turtles as well as their eggs and hatchlings have been protected on their nesting beach in South Africa (SA) since 1963. Both nesting populations were expected to show similar trends in recovery following the application of identical protection and conservation measures. The loggerhead nesting population has responded favourably to these protection efforts. In contrast, the leatherback nesting population showed an initial increase but is currently stable. The reason for this difference in response is thought to be due to differential offshore mortality of these two species. This prompted an investigation into the different sources of sea turtle mortality in the South Western Indian Ocean (SWIO). Specific aims were to identify and quantify sources of loggerhead and leatherback mortality on nesting beaches as well as in the oceans. Reasonable survivorship at all age classes is important to ensure recruitment of new nesting individuals into sea turtle populations. Mortality of nests, eggs per nest and hatchlings were quantified over two seasons for the loggerheads and leatherbacks nesting in SA. The beach was patrolled on foot to encounter and record females emerging from the ocean and later, hatchlings from their nests. The nests were then monitored during the incubation period and excavated once hatched. The fates of 925 nests were determined during these two nesting seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The main source of loggerhead and leatherback nest destruction was predation (8.6 percent and 15.7 percent respectively) followed by nest erosion (2.2 percent and 6.3 percent respectively). Overall nest success was high but higher for loggerheads (89 percent) than for leatherbacks (78 percent). The main cause of egg mortality for both species was early developmental arrest, followed by predation by ants and ghost crabs. Hatchlings en route to the sea were almost exclusively predated by ghost crabs (4.2 percent of emerged loggerhead hatchlings and 3.2 percent of emerged leatherback hatchlings). It appears that both species benefit from the coastal conservation efforts. When sea turtles leave the nesting beach, either as hatchlings or adults, conservation and monitoring becomes more difficult and sea turtles are exposed to a multitude of threats, including anthropogenic threats. Age classes tend to be spatially separated due to different habitat and dietary requirements. The type of threat sea turtles are exposed to thus depends on the current age class. Offshore sources of mortality in the SWIO were identified and where possible loggerhead and leatherback mortality was quantified and mapped spatially. Loggerheads were mostly exposed to and had the highest mortality in the artisanal fisheries in the SWIO (> 1000 per annum), inshore trawling (ca. 41 per annum), shark nets (protective gill nets) (21.6 ± 6.7 per annum) and the pelagic longline fishery (5.0 ± 4.4 per annum). In contrast, leatherbacks with a pelagic lifestyle, were mostly exposed to pelagic longline fisheries (7.8 ± 7.8 per annum). A spatial analysis of fishing activities indicated that leatherback home ranges overlapped 41percent with pelagic longline fishing activity in the SA EEZ, whereas the overlap between pelagic longliners and loggerhead home ranges was 29 percent. The quantified sources of mortality provide some explanation for the trend in the loggerhead nesting population but not the trend in the leatherback nesting population. Hatchling survivorship to adulthood was estimated to determine the viability of the two nesting populations as well as to determine whether offshore mortality was responsible for the difference in recovery of the two populations. Loggerhead hatchling survivorship to adulthood was estimated at between 2 and 10 per 1000 hatchlings, the minimum requirement for an increasing population. The adopted sophisticated model shows that leatherbacks have a survival rate of 5 to 10 per 1 000 hatchlings. However, this suggests that the population is increasing, but the leatherback population is stable. Perhaps the age to maturity of SA leatherbacks is greater than 12 years, or fisheries-related mortality affects younger age classes than initially thought. It is therefore recommended that the turtle monitoring area is extended to include other potential nesting grounds. In addition, observer or monitoring programs for commercial as well as artisanal fisheries needs to be extended throughout the SWIO to quantify sea turtle mortality. Ultimately a comprehensive multi-regional approach is required for the conservation of these highly migratory species.
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Thomas, Rebecca Claire. "Molecular epidemiology of Trichomonas gallinae in European Turtle Doves (Streptopelia turtur)." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18558/.
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Disease is usually ignored as a potential driver of species decline. This is concerning since disease could have a greater impact on a species as it becomes vulnerable to other extinction risks. This thesis investigated Trichomonas gallinae infection in the UK’s fastest declining farmland bird, the European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur. It employed molecular techniques to acquire data on parasite prevalence and identify strains, and trialled the application of Next Generation Sequencing technology to disease surveillance. Overall, 50 adult Turtle Dove samples from 2011-2015 were analysed and temporal variation in strain frequency was revealed. A degree of population structure in T. gallinae infecting different Turtle Dove populations (France 2014, n=40; Senegal, n=28) was apparent, along with some evidence of wide-ranging parasite dispersal, indirectly through their host. The potential risk of shared resources as a transmission route of T. gallinae was investigated with 226 food and 117 water samples screened for its presence. Evidence suggested T. gallinae was regularly present in both food and water resources. This has important implications for supplementary feeding being a conservation management tool. The reservoir of T. gallinae in the UK was reviewed by sampling potential hosts of Columbidae (n=166), Galliformes (n=13) and Passeriformes (n=90). The detection of strains other than the finch epidemic strain in free-ranging Passerines revealed a greater level of genetic heterogeneity than previously shown in other studies. There were no significant associations between T. gallinae strain infection or coinfection with haemosporidians and measures of reproduction, body condition or post-fledging survival in Turtle Doves however, sample sizes were small. Overall, this study increases our understanding of the epidemiology of T. gallinae both in the wider bird population and a species of Vulnerable conservation status. It demonstrates how T. gallinae infecting wild birds is a useful model for investigating aspects of host- parasite ecology and encourages further research with this system.
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Griffin, Kathleen Ann Pletscher Daniel H. "Spatial population dynamics of western painted turtles in a wetland ecosystem in northwestern Montana." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2007. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05272008-135912/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Montana, 2007.Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed Aug. 14, 2008. Includes 2 appendices: Potential effects of highway mortality and habitat fragmentation on a population of painted turtles in Montana, and Fencing methods and efficacy for minimizing turtle road kill and directing turtles to crossing structures, both by Kathy Griffin and Daniel H. Pletscher. Includes bibliographical references.
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Cason, Heather L. "Nesting behavior, growth rates, and size distribution of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) on Blackbeard Island National Wildlife Refuge an evaluation of recruitment in Georgia /." Click here to access thesis, 2009. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2009/heather_l_cason/cason_heather_l_200901_ms.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia Southern University, 2009."A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science." Directed by David C. Rostal. ETD. Includes bibliographical references (p. 47-49)
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Honarvar, Shaya Spotila James R. "Nesting ecology of Olive Ridley (Lepidochelys olivacea) turtles on Arribada nesting beaches /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2824.
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Christens, Elaine. "Nesting ecology and hatching success of the painted turtle (Chrysemys picta) in southwestern Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63296.
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Carter, Shawn L. "Movements, home range, and habitat preference assessment of bog turtles (Clemmys muhlenbergii) in southwestern Virginia." [Blacksburg, VA : Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University], 1997. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-7597-194728/.
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Browne, Stephen John. "The breeding ecology of a declining farmland bird : the turtle dove Streptopelia turtur." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/7980.
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Groshens, Erica B. "Internesting and post-nesting movement and behavior of Hawksbill sea turtles, Eretmochelys imbricata, at Buck Island Reef National Monument, St. Croix, USVI." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-09292009-020339/.
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Botha, Marié. "Nest site fidelity and nest site selection of loggerhead, Caretta Caretta, and leatherback, dermochelys coriacea, turtles in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1233.
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Loggerhead and leatherback sea turtles nest on the beaches of the north-eastern portion of Kwazulu-Natal within the iSimangaliso Wetland Park. Loggerheads place ~60 percent of all nests within an 8 km stretch of beach, whereas leatherbacks tend to space their nests more evenly along the entire length of the monitoring area. The study aimed to determine nest site fidelity of loggerheads and leatherbacks (using four decades of nesting data housed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife) and the factors that influence nest site selection of both species within the 56 km of turtle monitoring area (32N to 100S) and the 5 km area of high-density loggerhead nesting (0N to 12N). The effectiveness of nest site selection was then determined through the hatching success of loggerheads over the 5km area (0N to 12N). Results showed that loggerheads show a high degree of nest site fidelity (~3 km) with nest site fidelity of individuals increasing over subsequent seasons of nesting, as well as these individuals using the same stretches of beach for nesting (the most popular area being 1N to 4N for repeat nesters). Leatherbacks displayed nest site fidelity of ~9 km and this did not increase over successive seasons of nesting. In terms of nest site selection, loggerheads and leatherbacks both avoided areas where low shore rock was present, whereas both species preferred nesting on beaches of intermediate morphodynamic state. Leatherback nesting was significantly higher in areas with wider surf zones. Both species were able to surpass the high water mark when nesting as nests below this point would be almost certainly doomed. Hatching success of loggerheads was comparative to high (83 %) relative to other studies, however, nest success varied across the beach from beacon 1N to 12N. Areas where highest nest success was observed were not areas of highest nest density presumably due to artificial lighting. Results from this study increase our understanding of the evolutionary biology of loggerhead and leatherback turtles in South Africa and the effectiveness of loggerhead nest site selection through hatching success.
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Boström, Johan. "Hade The Turtle Traders bara tur?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70192.
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På 1980-talet handlade en grupp, som kallades för The Turtle Traders, med två trendföljande handelsstrategier helt baserade på teknisk analys på ett stort antal finansmarknader. De två handelsstrategierna byggde på mekaniska regler för köp- respektive säljbeslut och riskhantering, men även regler för vilka marknader som var tillåtna att handla på. Gruppen var mycket framgångsrik under flera år och medlemmarnas avkastningar översteg marknadernas avkastningar med råge. Den svaga varianten av den effektiva marknadshypotesen säger att detta ska vara omöjligt på effektiva marknader. På en effektiv marknad är det enligt hypotesen istället bättre att följa en buy-and-hold strategi. Hur kommer det sig att The Turtle Traders lyckades? Var det bara tur att de två trendföljande strategierna, som genererade köp- och säljbesluten, gav väldigt höga avkastningar under några år på 1980-talet? Eller är inte marknaderna effektiva? Inom forskningen råder det idag en oklar bild kring den effektiva marknadshypotesen och huruvida marknaderna är effektiva. Olika vetenskapliga studier presenterar tester som både stöder och förkastar hypotesen. Syftet med det här examensarbetet är att visa huruvida de två trendföljande strategierna fortfarande är vinstgivande och därmed användbara strategier på dagens finansmarknader. Syftet är också att jämföra de två strategierna med buy-and-hold strategin på olika marknaderna och därmed bidra med ytterligare insikter till den numera alltmer ifrågasättande diskussionen kring den effektiva marknadshypotesen, med speciellt fokus på den svaga varianten. För att få fram vilka avkastningar de två trendföljande strategierna ger på dagens marknader konstrueras inom ramen för detta examensarbete ett datorprogram som simulerar de köp- och säljbeslut som skulle tas med hjälp av de mekaniska regler som de två trendföljande strategierna bygger på. Undersökningen i examensarbetet ger, precis som många andra undersökningar, en oklar bild kring den effektiva marknadshypotesen. Hälften av de finansmarknader som undersöks tycks vara ineffektiva och hälften effektiva, enligt den svaga varianten av hypotesen. Undersökningen visar även att de två trendföljande strategierna inte är så pass vinstgivande att de kan rekommenderas att använda på dagens finansmarknader.During the 1980s a group called The Turtle Traders used two trend following trading strategies, based on technical analysis, to trade a large number of financial markets. The two trading strategies used mechanical rules to make buy and sell decisions and to manage risk. The rules also specified which markets to trade. The group was very successful during several years in the 1980s and the returns the members of the group generated, using the two trading strategies, widely surpassed the returns of the markets. The weak form of the efficient market hypothesis states that this should be impossible on markets that are efficient. On efficient markets it is instead better to follow a buy-and-hold strategy. How come that The Turtle Traders succeeded? Was is just luck that the two trend following strategies, that generated the buy and sell decisions, resulted in such high returns during a few years in the 1980s? Or are the markets inefficient? Current research gives an unclear picture regarding the efficient market hypothesis and whether or not the markets are efficient. Different studies present results that both support and reject the hypothesis. The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to show whether or not the two trend following strategies still are profitable and therefor useful strategies on the financial markets of today. The purpose is also to compare the two strategies with the buy-and-hold strategy on different markets and in this way contribute with more insights to the ongoing and nowadays often increasingly questioning discussion regarding the efficient market hypothesis, with special focus on the weak form of the hypothesis. To get the returns of the two trend following strategies on the financial markets of today a computer program is constructed as part of this bachelor thesis. This computer program simulates the buy and sell decisions that would have been taken by the mechanical rules the two trend following strategies are built upon. The study done in this bachelor thesis gives, just as many other studies, an unclear picture of the efficient market hypothesis. Half of the markets that are studied in this thesis seem to be inefficient and half seem to be efficient, according to the weak form of the hypothesis. The study also shows that none of the two trend following strategies are profitable enough that they can be recommended to be used on the financial markets of today.
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Dustan, Lyndsay. "In the Shadow of Turtle Mountain." NSUWorks, 2008. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/writing_etd/17.
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Scott, Rebecca. "Lagrangian analysis of sea turtle ecology." Thesis, Swansea University, 2013. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42364.
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Many marine organisms are highly mobile, which presents a variety of research and conservation management challenges. Sea turtles are a particularly paradigmatic group of long distant migrants whose movements as adults have been detailed by satellite tracking technology. However, small hatchlings are not amenable to this approach. This thesis used Lagrangian oceanography approaches to study the cryptic lives of juvenile turtles, since ocean currents drive their dispersion from natal beaches. Through increasingly sophisticated and novel uses of Lagrangian surface drifter buoys, state-of- the-art global ocean models and emerging animal life history datasets, my PhD thesis details significant findings of the key life history attributes of these enigmatic migrants. Initially, 1 modelled the dispersal of hatchlings from their nesting beaches to derive the first robust estimates of hatchling growth rates and by so doing, highlighted the long maturation times of turtle species. Then, I programmed hatchling swimming behaviour into ocean model simulations to reveal how these small drifters could improve their survival chances in strong current flows. More interdisciplinary research also highlighted aberrant routes of dispersal that can arise through storm displacements. Subsequent meta-analysis on the movements of flying, swimming and walking migrants highlighted key biological determinants of sea turtle migrations. Spatio-temporal analysis of sea turtle marine protected area (MPA) use highlighted minor (tractable) legislative revisions that would significantly improve MPA effectiveness. Finally, research culminated in a global synthesis of the movement patterns of adult and hatchling sea turtles which provided global support for a new migration paradigm, that whilst adult turtles travel independently of ocean currents, ocean currents still indirectly drive the ontogeny of adult sea turtle migrations and foraging habitat selections due to their past experiences as drifting hatchlings. This new understanding into the biological and physical determinants of sea turtle migration strategies is thus hoped to have broad conservation utility.
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Case, Beth Catherine. "Environmental enrichment for captive eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina)." Connect to this title online, 2003. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04092003-152733/.
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Tomillo, Maria del Pilar Santidrián Spotila James R. "Factors affecting population dynamics of eastern pacific leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1860/2523.
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Cuttriss, Andrew K. "Sea Turtle Ecology in the Gold Coast Region, Australia: Habitat Use, Nesting Behaviour and Movement Patterns." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365239.
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Habitat destruction and human exploitation has caused major declines in global sea turtle populations, resulting in six out of the seven species of sea turtles being classified as endangered or critically endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Extensive research has been undertaken on sea turtle nesting, breeding structure and abundance, migration and threats. However, little detailed information is available within the literature on sea turtle nesting behaviour, movement patterns and habitat usage within southern peripheral habitat limits of eastern Australia. This study investigates sea turtle ecology within the southern peripheral habitat limits on the east coast of Australia, Gold Coast region. The study focuses on the green, Chelonia mydas and loggerhead, Caretta caretta turtles, two species known to utilise the marine habitats of the Gold Coast Broadwater, South Stradbroke Island (SSI) and Cook Island (NSW) complex. The research quantified aspects of the nesting behaviour, movement patterns, habitat availability and usage, with a specific focus on the extensive seagrass meadows of the Gold Coast Broadwater. Seagrass habitats within the Broadwater were mapped in 2008 using aerial photography revealing that meadows cover 1208 ha within the Gold Coast Broadwater, an increase of 347 ha since 1987. Overall, 166 seagrass patches were mapped ranging in size from 0.25 ha to 124.4 ha with a mean size of 7.3 ± 15.9 ha. Despite the increase in the total seagrass extent, there was a significant decline in the mean patch size of seagrass meadows between 1987 and 2005. Despite the importance of seagrass meadows for turtles as foraging areas, the meadows in the Broadwater appeared to be poorly utilised by turtles.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
Griffith School of Environment
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Saumure, Raymond A. "Growth, mutilation, and age structure of two populations of wood turtles, Clemmys insculpta, in southern Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq29779.pdf.
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Sapp, Adam. "Influence of small vessel operation and propulsion system on loggerhead sea turtle injuries." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/33845.
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Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) can be found worldwide, inhabiting tropical and subtropical coastal waters. The loggerhead was classified as an endangered species and placed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List in 1996 (IUCN 2006).The problem of sea turtle mortality as a result of collisions with vessels is of increasing concern, especially in the southeastern United States, where increased development along the coasts results in increased recreational boat traffic. In the United States, the percentage of strandings that were attributed to vessel strikes has increased from approximately 10% in the 1980's to a record high of 20.5% in 2004 (NMFS 2007).
This report presents results from field experiments designed to investigate the ways in which loggerhead sea turtles are injured in boat collisions, and the effectiveness of several mitigation options for reducing the risk of fatal interactions. In order to conduct these field experiments, a synthetic sea turtle carapace was designed and built that approximated the structural behavior of a biological sea turtle carapace. Hodges (2008) quantified the material strength properties of loggerhead sea turtle carapaces. From these results, it was determined that the target parameter for simulating tensile strength in a synthetic carapace should be force per unit width of sample. Hodges designed and constructed an artificial carapace made of composite material for use in controlled experiments.
Modifications were made to the design proposed by Hodges (2008) to facilitate rapid construction. Several designs were tested using the force per unit width as the target strength parameter and compared to the strength of the biological carapace. Tests on the design ultimately adopted showed a force per unit width 17.6% stronger than the biological carapace. The composite material being stronger than the biological carapace means the testing will result in conservative reports of damage. Once the design and construction methods were finalized, approximately 60 artificial carapaces were fabricated for field testing. A frame, weighting scheme and buoyancy unit were designed and fabricated so that each test carapace floated at proper draft and had realistic specific gravity and weight.
Field testing procedures were designed to investigate the influence of a) boat speed, b) animal position in the water column, and c) vessel propulsion system on the severity of vessel collisions on turtles. All experiments were done with small (<6 m in length) vessels. Boat/sea turtle collisions were simulated by placing a test specimen (a synthetic carapace attached to a test frame) in the water column and striking it with the vessel. The speeds considered were idle (7 km/h), sub-planing (14 km/h), and planing (40 km/hr). The two animal positions in the water column were 1) at the water surface and 2) at "prop depth" (depth to the center of the propeller hub on the standard outboard motor). Five propulsion options were tested: 1) a standard outboard motor, 2) a standard outboard motor with Hydroshield® propeller guard 3) a standard outboard motor with Prop Buddy® propeller guard, 4) a jet outboard motor and 5) a jet-propelled personal watercraft, often referred to generically as a "jet ski". The experiments typically included five trials per test configuration.
Catastrophic (presumably fatal) damage was defined to occur when any damage penetrated the carapace. Small wounds (< 4 cm in length) along the sides or rear of the artificial carapace, where the shell and bone extend beyond the edge of the body cavity, were not classified as catastrophic This definition was used to classify the effectiveness of the various mitigation options.
Results indicate that reducing the speed of the vessel reduces the odds of severe damage to the animals. Of all of the tests performed with the standard outboard motor (including tests with propeller guards installed), 25% of those performed at idle speed resulted in catastrophic damage, compared to 100% for planing speed tests. The two tested propeller guards both modified the type of damage to the animal when compared to similar tests with the standard motor configuration, but they only slightly reduced the risk of catastrophic damage. At idle speed, with propeller guard installed, 10% of the tests resulted in catastrophic damage. The corresponding number for the standard motor was 40%. At planing speed, 100% of the tests resulted in catastrophic damage, with or without the propeller guard.
No catastrophic injuries were observed during testing of both jet propulsion systems (jet outboard and jet ski) at any speed or depth in the water column. Both feature a much smaller draft than the standard outboard, which results in little chance of striking an animal below the surface. And both the jet outboard and the jet-powered watercraft feature water intakes that are relatively smooth and appeared to slide across the animal with minimal damage to the carapace when the model animal was floating on the surface.
The experiments described here involved a limited range of hull configurations; results may be different for hulls or propulsion systems drastically different than those tested here. But the results obtained indicate that equipment, in the form of the boat's propulsion system, and the mode in which it is used both play a role in defining the risk of boats to turtles in the field.
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Therrien, Corie L. "Conservational implications of temperature-dependent sex determination." Birmingham, Ala. : University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. https://www.mhsl.uab.edu/dt/2008r/therrien.pdf.
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Jones, Timothy Todd. "Energetics of the leatherback turtle, Dermochelys coriacea." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/7454.
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I have quantified the energy requirements of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) throughout development, and examined growth rates, resource requirement and availability, and anthropogenic threats from the commercial fishery. I demonstrated that the use of the doubly labeled water (DLW) method to determine field metabolic rate in marine turtles is constrained by low metabolic (MR) and high water turnover rates (Chapter 2). For fed and fasted turtles, water turnover rates were 9.57±1.33% and 6.14±0.65% TBW day−¹1 and MR (from respirometry) was 28.66±5.31 kJ kg−¹ day−¹ and 13.77±1.49 kJ kg−¹ day−¹, respectively. This led to isotope turnover (kd:ko) ratios of 0.91±0.02 for fed turtles and 1.08±0.16 for fasted turtles, producing negative MRs for fasted turtles. While I showed that for fed turtles the DLW method was consistent with respirometry the use of DLW in fasting turtles differed from respirometry by 440%. The fact that DLW does not work in certain situations is a rare finding that will be of broad interest in the field of energetics.
Having determined that the DLW method is constrained in marine turtles I then turned to rearing leatherbacks in the laboratory to measure growth (Chapter 3) and determine energy intake (Chapter 4). For the first time I was able to rear several leatherbacks from hatching to juveniles. Leatherbacks maintained an average growth rate of 31.9 ± 2.8 cm year−¹ in straight carapace length (SCL) throughout the study period. The captive leatherbacks matched the length-mass relationship of wild juveniles and adults. A von Bertalanffy growth function (VBGF) predicted age-at-maturity for leatherbacks of 15.3 years. Bycatch data, supplemented with growth curve data, indicate that leatherbacks will reach the minimum length at which they are found interacting with fisheries (drift gill net and longline) in less than 3 years, suggesting they are exposed to threats from marine fisheries for > 80 % of their life before maturity is attained. I estimated that the majority of the Pacific Ocean population of leatherbacks is made up of 2-6 year old juveniles (137,368 turtles) consuming 1.6 x 10⁶ tonnes of jellyfish year−¹. These turtles are restricted to warmer equatorial waters where primary productivity and, possibly, jellyfish abundance are low.
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Wabnitz, Colette Catherine Chantal. "Sea turtle conservation and ecosystem-based management with a focus on green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and seagrass beds." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24239.
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The design of effective species management and recovery plans for sea turtle populations requires targets that are informed by an understanding of knowledge gained at the level of individuals/populations in the context of the wider goal of protecting an ecosystem's structural and functional attributes. In this thesis I present the first detailed investigation of the multiple levels at which sea turtles, particularly green turtles (Chelonia mydas), interact with ecosystems.
I begin by developing a framework for an age-structured population-level assessment of food consumption for hawksbill (Eretmochelys imbricata), loggerhead (Caretta caretta), and green turtles. This entailed construction of species-specific growth models for the western Atlantic, and subsequent integration of results with morphometric, survival, abundance, and food conversion efficiency to derive consumption estimates.
At the ecosystem level, I developed models for the Caribbean and Hawai’í, where green turtles are present at very low abundances and reaching carrying capacity, respectively. In the Caribbean, results showed that green turtle grazing of seagrass substantially altered habitat complexity, reducing the refuge role of seagrass to reef fish and invertebrates, and leading to potentially dramatic changes in species biomass and composition. In Hawai‘i, by feeding on algae, green turtles were found to contribute to the resilience of reefs in the face of disturbance, a functional role that needs to be explicitly included in future studies of reef dynamics. Taken together, these findings highlight the need to consider trophic and indirect interactions in the evaluation of sea turtles’ role within ecosystems.
Accurate and reliable estimates of foraging habitat extent are essential to inform realistic and sustainable turtle recovery targets, particularly given the current degraded state of coastal ecosystems. Using Landsat satellite imagery, I present a novel mapping approach for seagrass habitats at large scales. Such regional initiatives are also urgently needed if the international community is to meet aims to conserve 10 – 30 % of specific habitats. A comparison between reef extent, determined using remote sensing and existing data, showed that discrepancies ranged from + 1,316 % to - 64 %, underlining our limited ability to ascertain progress towards adopted global marine conservation targets based on current data.
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Trembath, Dane F., and n/a. "The comparative ecology of Krefft's River Turtle Eydura krefftii in Tropical North Queensland." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2005. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060711.113815.
Full textAbstract:
An ecological study was undertaken on four populations of Krefft�s River Turtle
Emydura krefftii inhabiting the Townsville Area of Tropical North Queensland. Two sites
were located in the Ross River, which runs through the urban areas of Townsville, and two
sites were in rural areas at Alligator Creek and Stuart Creek (known as the Townsville
Creeks). Earlier studies of the populations in Ross River had determined that the turtles
existed at an exceptionally high density, that is, they were superabundant, and so the
Townsville Creek sites were chosen as low abundance sites for comparison.
The first aim of this study was to determine if there had been any demographic
consequences caused by the abundance of turtle populations of the Ross River. Secondly, the
project aimed to determine if the impoundments in the Ross River had affected the freshwater
turtle fauna. Specifically this study aimed to determine if there were any difference between
the growth, size at maturity, sexual dimorphism, size distribution, and diet of Emydura krefftii
inhabiting two very different populations.
A mark-recapture program estimated the turtle population sizes at between 490 and
5350 turtles per hectare. Most populations exhibited a predominant female sex-bias over the
sampling period. Growth rates were rapid in juveniles but slowed once sexual maturity was
attained; in males, growth basically stopped at maturity, but in females, growth continued
post-maturity, although at a slower rate. Sexual maturity was at 6-7 years of age for males,
which corresponded to a carapace length of 150-160 mm, and 8-10 years of age for females,
which corresponded to a carapace length of 185-240 mm. The turtles were omnivorous,
although in the Ross River they ate more submerged vegetation (by percent amount and
occurrence) than those of the Townsville Creeks. Turtles in Townsville Creeks ingested more
windfall fruit and terrestrial insects.
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Quinn, Dennis P. "A radio-telemetric study of the eastern box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) : home-range, habitat use, and hibernacula selection in Connecticut /." Abstract Full Text (PDF), 2008. http://eprints.ccsu.edu/archive/00000503/02/1959FT.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2008.Thesis advisor: Barbara Nicholson. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Biological Sciences." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 32-34). Also available via the World Wide Web.
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Hamann, Mark. "Reproductive cycles, interrenal gland function and lipid mobilisation in the green sea turtle Chelonia mydas /." St. Lucia, Qld, 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16903.pdf.
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Gahm, Meghan P. "The development and evaluation of small specialized turtle excluder devices to reduce sea turtle bycatch in various small shrimp gears." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2019. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2665.
Full textAbstract:
In the southeastern United States, skimmer trawls, pusher-head trawls, wing nets, and small try nets (headrope length less than 12-ft (3.66-m)) are exempt from using a turtle excluder device (TED) and instead must adhere to tow time restrictions as a mode to mitigate sea turtle bycatch. However, observer and stranding data indicate that these tow times may often be exceeded and result in mortality of sea turtles. The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) published a notice of proposed rulemaking in December 2016 to extend TED requirements to other trawl types, however there has been limited development of specialized TEDs for these smaller trawls. In anticipation of a regulatory change, we developed and identified multiple versions of a top-opening TED with a minimum width of 28-in (71-cm) and height of 24-in (61-cm) as the best option for small trawl gears. Prototypes were initially equipped within small try nets and tested for gear performance and sea turtle exclusion in Panama City, Florida. The final designs were then tested for target shrimp retention, bycatch reduction, and general usability of TEDs in the commercial fisheries. A paired comparison test was conducted in 8-ft (2.44-m) and 10-ft (3.05-m) try nets aboard the NMFS R/V Caretta, three commercial skimmer trawls in vesselsFarfantepenaeus duorarum) fishery. There was a general reduction of shrimp and bycatch averaging from a minimum loss of 3.31% in the Miami wing net fishery (FV FL-01) to 22.07% in the skimmer trawl fishery (FV LA-01). This dissertation research indicates that TEDs can function properly in small trawl types, however additional studies are recommended to minimize the shrimp loss and improve the overall TED effectiveness specific to each fishery and trawl type evaluated.
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Seney, Erin E. "Historical Diet Analysis of Loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and Kemp's Ridley (Lepidochelys kempi) Sea Turtles in Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 2003. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Seney03.pdf.
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Saumure, Raymond A. "Spatial ecology and conservation of the North American wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) in a fragmented agri-forest landscape." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85093.
Full textAbstract:
The impact of agricultural practices on wood turtle (Glyptemys insculpta) movements and survivorship was investigated in a fragmented agri-forest landscape over two years. Agricultural activities and machinery contributed to the death of 20% of radio-tracked turtles. Annual survivorship of adults was 0.904 and 0.868 and for juveniles it was 0.815 and 0.831 for 1998 and 1999, respectively. Mutilation rates in adults were 90% +/- 3% in both years; in contrast, the maximum rate in juveniles was 57%. Setting the cutting height of disc mowers to 100 mm would increase harvest yields, reduce wear on machinery, decrease soil erosion, and reduce turtle mortality and mutilation rates. The concepts of integral, statistical, and linear range are introduced as distinct estimators of turtle movements. Since integral ranges include all habitats critical to survival, they provide an important contribution to our knowledge of imperiled species. Statistical ranges are stable and easily promote within and between study comparisons. Linear ranges quantify migratory and ranging movements. Thread-trailing techniques were used to record the fine-scale movements of six adult male G. insculpta translocated to an experimental hayfield patch-matrix. Although patch size had no effect on move length or path sinuosity, habitat structure did. Paths were generally straighter and move length longer in the harvested portion of a hayfield. Apparent habitat boundaries were shown to be permeable. Subjects exhibit three movement phases: agitation dispersal, local search, and ranging. Thus, G. insculpta exhibit predetermined movement patterns and move to maximize the likelihood of locating resources, while minimizing the probability of revisiting previously searched areas. Recent changes in agricultural practices and machinery are having a decidedly negative impact on G. insculpta. This study provides new insights into the movements of G. insculpta. Such knowledge will be an es
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Coberley, Sadie Shea. "The role of herpesviruses in marine turtle diseases." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE1001130.
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Bostrom, Brian Lee. "Thermoregulation in the leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12666.
Full textAbstract:
Adult leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea) exhibit thermal gradients between their bodies and the environment of ≥ 8 °C in sub-polar waters and ≤ 4 °C in the tropics. There has been no direct evidence for thermoregulation in leatherbacks although modelling and morphological studies have given an indication of how thermoregulation may be achieved. Using a cylindrical model of a leatherback I investigated the extent to which heat production by muscle activity during variation of swim speed could be used in a leatherback’s thermal strategy. Drag force of a full scale cast of a leatherback was measured in a low velocity wind tunnel to obtain an estimate of the metabolic cost needed to offset drag. It is apparent, from this modelling, that heat flux from the body and flippers, activity and body and water temperatures are important variables to measure in order to fully classify the thermoregulatory response of live leatherbacks. Using captive juvenile leatherbacks of 16 and 37 kg I show for the first time that leatherbacks are indeed capable of thermoregulation. In cold water (< 25 °C), flipper stroke frequency increased, heat loss through the plastron, carapace and flippers was minimized, and a positive thermal gradient of up to 2.3 °C was maintained between body and environment. In warm water (25 – 31 °C), turtles were inactive and heat loss through their plastron, carapace and flippers increased, minimizing the thermal gradient (0.5 °C). In juvenile leatherbacks, heat gain is controlled behaviourally through activity while heat flux is regulated physiologically, presumably by regulation of blood flow distribution. Using a scaling model, I show that a 300 kg adult leatherback is able to maintain a maximum thermal gradient of 18.2 °C in cold sub-polar waters. Thus, by employing both physiological and behavioural mechanisms, adult leatherbacks are able to keep warm while foraging in cold sub-polar waters and to prevent overheating in a tropical environment, greatly expanding their range relative to other marine turtles.
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Myers, A. E. "The internesting diving behaviour of the leatherback turtle." Thesis, Swansea University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638287.
Full textAbstract:
During spring and summer 2003 data were collected from the leatherback population nesting on a beach in Grenada, West Indies. By attaching data logging devices to leatherbacks I was able to record certain aspects of their behaviour whilst at sea between nesting events. Three different device types were used in these studies: Satellite Relayed Data Loggers (SRDLs), Time depth recorders (TDRs) and mouth opening sensors. The SRDLs as well as providing location fixes, transmit limited dive data to overpassing satellites. After introducing various aspects of leatherback biology and ecology (chapter 1) and describing the methodologies used to collect and process the data (chapter 2) I then go on to validate this data collected by the SRDLs (chapter 3). This was achieved by attaching, to the same animal, an SRDL and a TDR (which record depth and temperature at a predetermined sampling interval). The fourth chapter focuses specifically on the data acquired by the TDRs particularly in relation to diel periodicity and the function of deep dives. Chapter five pertains to the crepuscular diving behaviour of leatherbacks. In this chapter I predict how the turtles will behave according to optimal foraging theory and then investigate these predictions using the data collected by the TDRs. Chapters six and seven involves a thorough investigation into the mouth opening data collected. In chapter six I examine the breathing patterns and mouth opening behaviour of the turtle during dives whilst in chapter seven I focus on some unexpected oscillations being recorded by the mouth opening sensor.
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Weber, Sam. "Maternal effects in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/119965.
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In oviparous animals, maternal traits such as the investment of resources in eggs and oviposition site selection are often important determinants of offspring phenotypic quality, and may have an adaptive role in tailoring offspring phenotypes to local environmental conditions. This thesis examines the adaptive significance of two specific maternal traits in the green turtle (Chelonia mydas); namely the deposition of fat-soluble antioxidants in egg yolk, and the selection of nest sites via natal homing. (Please view 'front matter' file for full abstract)
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Long, Tonya Michele. "An assessment of sea turtle nesting behavior in relation to hurricane- and restoration-induced beach morphodynamics." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4527.
Full textAbstract:
Coastal habitats are highly dynamic and vulnerable to landscape-level disturbances such as storms and restoration projects. Along the east coast of Florida these areas are particularly valuable as they provide significant nesting habitat for two sea turtle species, the threatened loggerhead (Caretta caretta) and the endangered green turtle (Chelonia mydas). This coast was heavily impacted by three major hurricanes in 2004 and in some areas by large restoration projects in 2005. Recent remote sensing methods allow for broad evaluation of the shoreline and thus the ability to assess sea turtle nesting habitat at a landscape scale. I collected nesting data for southern Brevard County, Florida from 1989-2005 and for Canaveral National Seashore, Florida from 1995-2005. I used LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) and IfSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) remote sensing to map sea turtle nesting habitat in both areas following the 2004 hurricanes and any subsequent restoration. Canaveral National Seashore underwent no restoration while southern Brevard County received extensive restoration. Topographic variables (e.g., total sand volume, width, and slope) derived from the remote sensing data were compared across three time periods (pre-hurricane, post-hurricane, and recovery period) and I compared nesting success data from 2004 to 2005. I built regression models for 2004 and 2005 to determine which topographic features influenced loggerhead and green turtle nesting the most. Green turtle nesting success declined from 2004 to 2005 only in highly restored areas while loggerhead nesting sucess declined throughout. Hurricanes caused a reduction in most of the topographic variables and restoration predominantly impacted aspects of the beach profile (e.g. slope and width).; Loggerheads responded to profile characteristics (e.g. upper and lower beach slopes) though green turtles showed no consistent response to topography. The results indicate that both loggerheads and green turtles are sensitive to beach restoration, although loggerhead nesting is more influenced by beach morphology and green turtle nesting may be influenced more by other dune features such as vegetation cover.ID: 028916930; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (M.S.)--University of Central Florida, 2010.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 67-72).
M.S.
Masters
Department of Biology
Sciences
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Anquetin, J. "A new stem turtle from the Middle Jurassic of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, and a reassessment of basal turtle relationships." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18899/.
Full textAbstract:
A recent phylogenetic analysis of turtle interrelationships suggests that the Middle Jurassic was a crucial time period for understanding the evolution of crown-group turtles. However, turtle material of this age is scarce worldwide. Here, a new stem turtle, Eileanchelys waldmani, from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of the Isle of Skye, Scotland, is described and compared to other basal species. With cranial and postcranial remains of several individuals, this is the most comprehensive Middle Jurassic turtle material known to date. Eileanchelys waldmani documents an intermediate stage in the evolution of early turtles between the Early Jurassic Kayentachelys aprix and the crown-group. Whereas most stem turtles are interpreted as terrestrial forms, taphonomic evidence suggests that E. waldmani may have been aquatic (freshwater), indicating that basal turtles were ecologically more diverse than previously thought. This new material provides the basis for a reassessment of other Middle Jurassic turtle remains from the UK, especially revisions of material from Kirtlington and Stonesfield (Oxfordshire). The material from Kirtlington is attributed to Paracryptodira and represents the earliest occurrence of this group. The name 'Protochelys blakii', which had been proposed for the Stonesfield remains, is considered to be a nomen dubium as this material lacks diagnostic features. However, this material is remarkable as it consists of fossilised epidermal scales from the carapace. A new phylogeny is proposed, resulting from a cladistic analysis of a revised and updated version of a previously published data set. Nineteen new species are included in order to achieve a more thorough representation of basal turtle taxa. Heckerochelys romani and Condorchelys antiqua are found to be more basal than Eileanchelys waldmani. Chengyuchelyids (Middle Jurassic of China) may be stem turtles more basal than Kallokibotion bajazidi. Naomichelys speciosa is closely related to meiolaniids and Mongolochelys efremovi, while Siamochelys peninsularis is nested within xinjiangchelyids.
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Saba, Vincent Sellitto. "Bottom-up and climatic forcing on the nesting and foraging ecology of leatherback turtles (Dermochelys coriacea)." W&M ScholarWorks, 2007. http://www.vims.edu/library/Theses/Saba07.pdf.
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Fisher, Ashley Renea. "Turtle assemblages in the Eastern Panhandle of West Virginia with an emphasis on Pseudemys rubriventris (LeConte)." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=782.
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Theses (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2007.Title from document title page. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: contains viii, 75 pages including illustrations and maps. Bibliography: p.72-73.
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Schifino, Valente Ana Luisa. "Diagnostic imaging of the Loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/5744.
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The aims of this work are:1. To provide the normal cervical and coelomic radiographic appearance of the Loggerhead sea turtle, in the dorso-ventral view, as well as other useful landmarks, to allow for correlation of shell scutes with internal anatomic structures.
2. To provide the normal radiographic anatomy of the limbs of the Loggerhead sea turtle in combination with data obtained from computed tomography - osteological, gross anatomical and histological data.
3. To describe the normal ultrasonographic appearance of cervical structures and coelomic organs of the Loggerhead sea turtle, and to provide the respective images of frozen cross-sections for anatomical reference.
4. To provide normal computed tomographic images of the vertebral column and coelomic structures of the Loggerhead sea turtle, by establishing reference standards for organ size and position in this species; to provide images of virtual tracheo-bronchoscopy and 3D reconstructions of the respiratory tract and bone structures.
5. To provide the normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) appearance of coelomic structures of Loggerhead sea turtles in T1 and T2-weighted scans via comparison with cross-sectional anatomic sections of this species.
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Walde, Andrew D. "Ecology of the wood turtle, Clemmys insculpta, Quebec, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/MQ44310.pdf.
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Beaudry, Frédéric. "Road Mortality Risk for Spotted and Blanding's Turtle Populations." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/BeaudryF2007.pdf.
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Leung, Kelvin Jia-Mien. "How the turtle makes its palate without palatal shelves." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/37546.
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Vertebrate craniofacial development and speciation has been studied in great detail, with major emphasis placed on mammalian species and highly derived archosaurs (birds). However, less is known about reptiles and in particular turtles. Turtles are speculated as to have retained many ancestral features of amniotes. Therefore, studying the Testudine (turtle) order not only helps to better understand amniote head development, but also the derivation of modern form. This thesis will investigate the formation of the hard palate in a representative turtle species, E. subglobosa, not only because of its evolutionary significance but also because this region is frequently affected in orofacial clefting. Origins of the palatine bones were first examined since other amniotes form these bones within outgrowths of the maxillary prominence, or the palatal shelves. Surprisingly no palatal shelves were found at the position or time when they should have been forming. Instead palatine bones condensed directly in the mesenchyme beneath the nasal cavity Furthermore there was no evidence from cell proliferation or apoptosis analysis of the maxillary prominences that vestigial shelves were ever present. The hypothesis following was that gene expression in the maxillary prominences might be different in turtles compared to the chicken or mouse in which shelves do form. I found no major differences but interestingly several of the genes I studied were also markers of the primitive stomodeum. Results show the turtle retains gene expression patterns of the chicken stomodeum, the primitive oral roof before palatal shelf formation, suggesting the turtle oral roof is still primitive in nature rather than advanced in other amniotes. This unfamiliar mechanism of hard palate development with no vestigial traits of palatal shelf formation supports arguments for a more basal placement of the turtle in the phylogenetic tree. Contrary to these findings, the similarity in gene expression and sequence to the chicken argues for a more derived placement closer to the archosaurs. While these present results do not allow for confident placement of the turtle as more basal or derived in the amniote tree, the data collected shows that ontological studies can help shed light on evolutionary debates.
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Walde, Andrew D. "Ecology of the wood turtle, Clemmys insculpta, Québec, Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20888.
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The most northeasterly population of wood turtles (Clemmys insculpta ) was studied during 1996 and 1997 in Quebec, Canada. A total of 188 turtles (55 males, 83 females, and 50 immatures) was captured, measured and marked for future identification. The adult sex ratio was not significantly different from 1:1. Males were significantly larger than females for measures of carapace length, 214.5 and 201 mm, respectively. Wood turtles from northern populations are larger than those from southern regions. The population density was estimated to be 0.44 turtles/hectare. Courtship occurred in the spring but was more common in the fall. Nesting occurred in mid-June with nesting activity taking place at all times of the day but more frequently in early morning and evening. Females migrated over 3 km to a nesting area and exhibited nest fidelity. Sixty-six percent of turtles nested in 2 consecutive yr and these females were significantly larger than turtles that nested in only 1 yr of the study. There was no mammalian predation but, some arthropods were suspected of being predators. Mean clutch size was 10.1 (range = 5--20) eggs. Comparisons with other populations of C. insculpta are also made.
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Lovejoy, Robert Steven. "Turtle Graphics implementation using a graphical dataflow programming approach." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/23799.
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Saastamoinen, H. (Heikki). "The Turtle Moves:a literary study of Terry Pratchett’s Omnianism." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2019. http://jultika.oulu.fi/Record/nbnfioulu-201903301375.
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Abstract. This thesis is a close reading of Terry Pratchett’s Small Gods in the framework of postmodern literary theory. Small Gods is a fantasy novel, which has the history of a made-up religion called Omnianism as its central narrative. The motivation for this thesis came from the feeling that Pratchett’s parodical approach could be a front to a deeper message, which could be uncovered in a close reading. In addition to searching for the postmodern themes in Small Gods I tried to look for the reasons for these themes surfacing in the novel. My close reading found numerous postmodern themes throughout the novel, and the parody Pratchett makes of Christianity was the most prominent postmodern theme present. Another theme that appeared a lot in the novel was the idea that while the Omnianism is a parody, it also holds a mirror to Christianity, highlighting the flaws that can be found in both religions. I found out that the parody and celebration of fragmentation of faith and authority of ages past seem to be rooted in Pratchett’s apparent atheism. The thesis suggests that Pratchett’s other fictional religious institutions could be worth studying, as well as his political parody, using this thesis as a frame of reference.Tiivistelmä. Tämä tutkielma on lähiluku Terry Pratchettin kirjasta Pienet Jumalat postmodernistisen metodologian pohjalta. Pienet Jumalat on fantasiakirja, jonka keskiössä on kuvitteellisen uskonnon, Omnianismin, historia. Motivaatio tähän tutkimukseen syntyi ajatuksesta, että Pratchettin parodia kätkee taakseen syvemmän viestin, mikä voisi selkeytyä lähiluvun ansiosta. Postmodernististen teemojen etsinnän lisäksi pyrin löytämään Pienistä Jumalista syitä näiden teemojen esiintymiselle. Lähilukuni paljasti monia postmodernistisia teemoja läpi koko teoksen ja Pratchettin parodia kristinuskosta oli teoksen kantava teema. Toinen yleinen teema teoksessa oli ajatus siitä, että Omnianismi ei ole pelkästään kristinuskon parodia, vaan heijastaa kristinuskon huonoimpia piirteitä, tuoden ne esille. Tutkimus paljasti, että teoksessa esiintyvä parodia ja menneisyyden uskon ja auktoriteetin hajoaminen vaikuttavat juontavan juurensa Pratchettin ilmeiseen ateismiin. Tutkimuksen perusteella Pratchettin muut kuvitteelliset uskonnot voisivat olla houkuttelevia tutkimuksen kohteita tämän tutkimuksen pohjalta, kuten myös hänen poliittinen parodiansa.
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Allen, Charlotte M. "Petrogenesis of the reversely zoned Turtle pluton, Southeastern California." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54480.
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Few plutons with a reversed geometry of a felsic rim and mafic core have been described in the geologic literature. The Turtle pluton of S.E. California is an intrusion composed of a granitic rim and granodioritic core and common microgranitoid enclaves. Field observations, mineral textures, and chemistries, major and trace element geochemistry, and isotopic variability support a petrogenetic model of in situ, concomitant, magma mixing, and fractional crystallization of rhyolitic magma progressively mixed with an increasing volume of andesitic magma, all without chemical contribution from entrained basaltic enclaves. Hornblende geobarometry indicates the Turtle pluton crystallized at about 3.5 kb. A crystallization sequence of biotite before hornblende (and lack of pyroxenes) suggests the initial granitic magma contained less than 4 wt% H₂0 at temperatures less than 780°C. U-Pb, Pb-Pb, Rb-Sr and oxygen isotope studies indicate the terrane intruded by the Turtle pluton is 1.8 Ga, that the Turtle pluton crystallized at 130 Ma, that the Target Granite and garnet aplites are about 100 Ma, and that these intrusions were derived from different sources. Models based on isotopic data suggest the rhyolitic end member magma of the Turtle pluton was derived from mafic igneous rocks, and was not derived from sampled Proterozoic country rocks. Similarity of common Sr and Pb isotopic ratios of these rocks to other Mesozoic intrusions in the Colorado River Region suggest the Turtle pluton and Target Granite have affinities like rocks to the east, including the Whipple Mountains and plutons of western Arizona. P-T-t history of the southern Turtle Mountains implies uplift well into the upper crust by Late Cretaceous time so that the heating and deformation events of the Late Cretaceous and Tertiary observed in flanking ranges did not affect the study area.Ph. D.
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Thurlow, Corbin Alma. "TURTLE: A Fault Injection Platform for SRAM-Based FPGAs." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2021. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9025.
Full textAbstract:
SRAM-Based FPGAs provide valuable computation resources and reconfigurability; however, FPGA designs can fail during operation due to ionizing radiation. As an SRAM-based device, these FPGAs store operation-critical information in configuration RAM, or CRAM. Testing, through radiation tests, can be performed to prove the effectiveness of SEU mitigation techniques by comparing the SEU sensitivity of an FPGA design with and without the mitigation techniques applied. However, radiation testing is expensive and time-consuming. Another method for SEU sensitivity testing is through fault injection. This work describes a low-cost fault injection platform for evaluating the SEU sensitivity of an SRAM-based FPGA design by emulating faults in the device CRAM through partial reconfiguration. This fault injection platform, called the TURTLE, is designed to gather statistically significant amounts of fault injection data to test and validate SEU mitigation techniques for SRAM-based FPGAs. Across multiple fault injection campaigns, the TURTLE platform was used to inject more than 600 million faults to test SEU mitigation techniques, estimate design SEU sensitivity, and validate radiation test data through fault injection.