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Journal articles on the topic 'Turning Memory into History'
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1
WALSHAM, ALEXANDRA. "HISTORY, MEMORY, AND THE ENGLISH REFORMATION." Historical Journal 55, no. 4 (November 15, 2012): 899–938. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x12000362.
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ABSTRACTThis article is a revised and expanded version of my inaugural lecture as Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge, delivered on 20 Oct. 2011. It explores how the religious upheavals of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries reshaped perceptions of the past, stimulated shifts in historical method, and transformed the culture of memory, before turning to the interrelated question of when and why contemporaries began to remember the English Reformation as a decisive juncture and critical turning point in history. Investigating the interaction between personal recollection and social memory, it traces the manner in which remembrance of the events of the 1530s, 1540s, and 1550s evolved and splintered between 1530 and 1700. A further theme is the role of religious and intellectual developments in the early modern period in forging prevailing models of historical periodization and teleological paradigms of interpretation.
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Field, Sean. "Turning up the Volume: Dialogues about Memory Create Oral Histories." South African Historical Journal 60, no. 2 (June 2008): 175–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582470802416393.
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Mahaletskyi, Andriy. "HISTORICAL MEMORY ABOUT THE FIRST WORLD WAR IN UKRAINE: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." Intermarum history policy culture, no. 12 (March 31, 2023): 67–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35433/history.112049.
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The aim of the work is to investigate the state and development of the historical memory of the First World War in Ukraine, to find out the reasons that led to the forgetting one of the bloodiest pages of Ukrainian history. The methodology of the investigation is based on using application of the principles of historicism and objectivity, which are important in the characterization of historical events related to the state policy and memory. The historical-genetic method allows to find out the path of the Great War memory in Ukraine. The historical-systemic method provides consideration of the socio-political processes in their interrelationship and cause-to-effect dependence. The scientific novelty consists in systematization of the processed literature and sources regarding commemoration of the First World War, its origin and evolution. The indicated archival documents were introduced into scientific circulation by the author for the first time. Conclusions: The First World War marked the end of the long XIX century and brought drastic changes in the political, social and economic systems of the world. It was a fratricidal war for Ukraine that had extremely important long-term consequences. This is a forgotten war despite more than 4 million Ukrainian participants and about 1,5 million dead people in modern Ukraine. Commemoration in the different countries differs. Though there are certain common trends. Most of participating countries, except for Eastern European countries, actively supported the memory of the dead from the very first years. However, on the territory of the former Russian Empire, revolutionary events and the memory of it displaced memories of the “imperialist” war. The end of the XX century becomes a turning point in the historical policy of individual countries and since 2014, interest in studying the history of the First World War in Ukraine has been actively growing.
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Semler, Christian. "Is the Tide of German Memory Turning?" Index on Censorship 34, no. 2 (May 2005): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064220500157780.
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Green, Anna, and Kayleigh Luscombe. "Family memory, ‘things’ and counterfactual thinking." Memory Studies 12, no. 6 (June 23, 2017): 646–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1750698017714837.
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Contemporary research into the relationship between material culture and the formation of personal and family identities has emphasized the idealized symbolic role of inherited objects and ‘things’. In the following research, oral history interviews were recorded with 12 multigenerational families in Devon and Cornwall about memories and stories from the family’s past. Within this oral history cohort, the eldest member in four families identified objects that did not fit the model of positive, affective resonance. These material things symbolized a calamitous or difficult key turning point in family history and generated counterfactual thinking about the family trajectory over time. In this form of family memory, personal identities could be grounded in the lives of earlier generations prior to the pivotal event.
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Majul, Mary Ann Marcelino. "TURNING THE TIDE: PROTEST POEMS ON MARTIAL LAW AS COUNTER-MEMORY." Journal of Nusantara Studies (JONUS) 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol2iss1pp111-121.
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Memories of Martial Law and the burial of strongman Ferdinand Marcos at the Libingan ng mga Bayani on November 2016 prompted artists and writers to converge at a common platform—that of safeguarding national consciousness from the impending rewriting of history. Using Foucault’s concept of counter-memory, this paper attempted to illustrate how literature, specifically protest poetry, can be used to interrogate perceptions and knowledge of events and personalities on Martial Law. Six poems namely “Open Letters to Filipino Artists,” “A Furnace,” “Still Life for Mendiola,” “A Metaphysical Dialogue Between the Bronze Man and the Great Stone Face,” “Third World Opera,” and “Dead Man’s Tale” were used to challenge the existing texts written on Martial Law. The results revealed that literature can either deceive or enlighten readers. It also remains an important site where ideology is articulated and truth is interrogated.Keywords: Martial Law, counter-memory, protest poems, alternative history, subjugated knowledge Cite as: Majul, M.A.M. (2017). Turning the tide: Protest poems on martial law as counter-memory. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(1), 111-121.
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Ilin, V. "Memory studies: from memory to oblivion." Problems of World History, no. 12 (September 29, 2020): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46869/2707-6776-2020-12-2.
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The article examines the concept of memory studies, which is a separate discipline that studies and analyzes memory issues. The phenomenon of memory is an important part of life, although not presented as a necessary condition of mental activity. Memory, the author notes, is a way for people to construct their past through books, movies, documents, ceremonies, and so on. In memory studies, memory arises in various aspects – collective, social, cultural, genetic, and historical. The reason for claiming a worldwide "memory age" is criticism of official versions of history, the return of memory to communities and peoples whose history has been ignored, the activation of various memorial events, and more. It is shown that a social and cultural construct collective memory retains the authentic past as its version and serves as a means to achieve certain goals. Collective memory is in constant change, which is nonlinear, irrational, and not always subject to logical analysis. New events and ideas affect the perception of the past, and patterns of interpretation of the past determine the understanding of the present. The relation between collective and individual memory appears as the relation between memory and history. The primary function of historical memory is to form an identity. The development of memory studies distinguishes the political, functional, cumulative memory that use the past to shape national identity. The context of historical memory includes the concepts of "oblivion", "custom" and "tradition" that help to identify the turning points of history as they are indicators of the emergence of a new society. Historical memory is a tool for using the past to achieve goals dictated by the current situation. Mobilizing memory and collective perceptions of the past has been an integral part of the political process in recent centuries.
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Keene, Judith. "Review Article: Turning Memories into History in the Spanish Year of Historical Memory." Journal of Contemporary History 42, no. 4 (October 2007): 661–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022009407082153.
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Sumburova, Elena Ivanovna. "Personal funds of Central State Archive of the Samara Region as a source for the study of family memory." Samara Journal of Science 12, no. 3 (December 1, 2023): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.55355/snv2023123213.
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The article examines the source potential of personal funds of Central State Archive of the Samara Region when studying such a scientific problem as family memory. The author, based on archival materials and auto-documentary texts, analyzes the conditions under which interest in family history is formed and determines the motives for preserving the history of ancestors. The sources for the research were the funds of two families – the nobles Butorovs and the priest Preobrazhensky, who lived in the Samara province at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, who, in the era of socio-political cataclysms, managed not only to preserve their family history, but also to increase it and pass it on to subsequent generations. Methods of the scientific direction «memory studies» make it possible to analyze the traumatic experience of the authors of ego-documents, which contributed to the Preobrazhenskys and Butorovs turning to studying the past of their family, writing memoirs and preserving family memory. The author comes to the conclusion that interest in the history of a family does not depend on social origin, but is formed by family traditions – attitude to reading, education and creative pursuits. In addition, through genealogical research, the Preobrazhenskys and Butorovs sought to preserve the continuity of generations in their families and find spiritual support at a turning point in life.
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Walters, Wendy S. "Turning the Neighborhood Inside Out: Imagining a New Detroit in Tyree Guyton's Heidelberg Project." TDR/The Drama Review 45, no. 4 (December 2001): 64–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/105420401772990333.
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LEVINGER, MATTHEW. "THE BIRTH OF MODERN MEMORY." Modern Intellectual History 3, no. 1 (April 2006): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244305000661.
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John Edward Toews, Becoming Historical: Cultural Reformation and Public Memory in Early Nineteenth-Century Berlin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. pp. xxiv + 466.George S. Williamson, The Longing for Myth in Germany: Religion and Aesthetic Culture from Romanticism to Nietzsche. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2004. pp. xiv + 428.Peter Fritzsche, Stranded in the Present: Modern Time and the Melancholy of History. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 2004. pp. 268.Each generation chooses its own objects of historical inquiry. Over the past decade or two, many historians have moved away from perennial topics in social and political history, turning their gaze on more ethereal questions in the realm of “memory studies.” The three splendid books under review here examine elusive phenomena in nineteenth-century Europe: the transformation of historical consciousness, the invention of national myths, and the emergence of nostalgia as a prominent element of European culture after the French Revolution and the Napoleonic age. Taken together, these works vividly illustrate both the value and the challenges of scholarship on the modern historical imagination.
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Busyreva, Elena V. "Memorial items of families with German pedigree." Transactions of the Kоla Science Centre. Series: Natural Sciences and Humanities 1, no. 1/22 (December 28, 2022): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.37614/2949-1185.2022.1.1.004.
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The article is devoted to the daily cultural practices of families with German roots, related to the preservation of the memory of a family-related community. Family historical and cultural memory includes knowledge about family history. The sources were interviews and family heirlooms of informants with German ancestry living in the Murmansk region. As a result of a survey of thirteen informants, it was found that only four families had memorial items. This is primarily due to the fact that German families were deported on a national basis during the Second World War. The significance of family heirlooms lies in the fact that they serve as a means of transmitting the memory of ancestors, turning it into a family history.
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Kwanya, Joseph. "“Turning the Fables”: Counterfactuality in Namwali Serpell’s The Old Drift." Research in African Literatures 53, no. 3 (September 2022): 51–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/ral.2022.a900033.
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ABSTRACT: This article argues that The Old Drift represents a post-nationalist narrative—authored by a female writer and partially narrated by nonhumans—that creates alternate versions of Zambia’s nationalist histories through counterfactuals. The discussion pays attention to how Serpell achieves counterfactuality through interludes that fragment the text. These are brief sections that offer information that disnarrate the main sections of the narrative. I argue that they are distinct spaces within the text where mosquitos as narrators address the readers directly by offering extra information about Africa’s and Zambia’s past. By focalizing an alternative history through the collective voice of a swarm of mosquitos, Serpell draws our attention to the existence of a different memory of the nation that human-authored histories have obscured or covered insufficiently. Rendering this memory through a counterfactual fable is thus to suggest the fallibility of these nationalist histories and foregrounding the relevance of African oral forms in attempting to capture a more complete version of African histories before and after colonialism.
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Rolnik, Eran J. "Between Memory and Desire: From History to Psychoanalysis and Back." Psychoanalysis and History 3, no. 2 (July 2001): 129–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/pah.2001.3.2.129.
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At the turn of the nineteenth century, when the Freudian paradigm took its first steps towards becoming a modern amalgam of science and hermeneutics, history was considered the most established and instrumental discipline in man's quest to endow his thinking and action with meaning. The kinship between the disciplines, which could be traced back to the persona of Freud, took many shapes in the course of the twentieth century. Examined in perspective one could maintain that modern historiography and psychoanalysis have travelled the same distance in moving away from philosophical idealism, have shared some of the illusions of militant positivism and are accustomed to evoke the same criticism due to their claim to half-scientific, half-artistic epistemology. We start by considering the intellectual legacies and theoretical foundations that shaped the two disciplines' perspective of each other. We then proceed to juxtapose several historical moments in the evolution of psychoanalysis and history. Turning our attention to several key concepts and tropes, which form part of the contemporary objectivity-subjectivity discourse, we try to sketch an outline for a psychoanalytically-informed theory of history.
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Urraca, Beatriz. "Juana Manuela Gorriti and the Persistence of Memory." Latin American Research Review 34, no. 1 (1999): 151–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002387910002433x.
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AbstractThis study analyzes the work of Juana Manuela Gorriti, one of the most prominent women writers in nineteenth-century Argentina. It unravels the notions that structure Gorriti's ideas of literature, history, and nation and illustrates how her work established close links between memory, continuity, and the role of women in the creation of national identities in Latin America. Her short stories and autobiographical pieces are situated within their historical context and literary milieu. The Rosas dictatorship and its aftermath are examined as played out in Gorriti's fiction, in stories where violence against women, the ghostly, and popular culture became central themes through which Gorriti created myths of personal history and national identity. The essay also explores the ways in which her female characters illustrate the strategies of ordinary women for turning their social constraints into public action.
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Hume, Janice. "“Portraits of Grief,” Reflectors of Values: The New York Times Remembers Victims of September 11." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 80, no. 1 (March 2003): 166–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769900308000111.
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The systematic examination of obituaries can provide a useful tool to explore the values of Americans of any era. Such an examination can help in understanding an important aspect of American culture, the public memory of its citizens. In the aftermath of 11 September 2001, the New York Times began publishing “Portraits of Grief,” small sketches recalling the lives of individuals lost in the terrorist attacks. This study examines the portraits as commemorations more than chronicles, as reflectors of values and memory at what may prove to be a significant turning point in American history.
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Đerić, Gordana. "Social memory and applied criticism: On turning poetry into an ideological beating stick." Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 4, no. 1 (June 18, 2009): 63–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v4i1.3.
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The subject of this text is the social memory, which the author understands as the consequence of complex relationships of modern politics, history and cultural production in the broadest sense. As for the majority of authors who engage in social memory, for her this phenomenon is inseparable from the process of creating a nation, as well. In the context of creating a nation in Eastern Europe the conditionality of these phenomena is recognized through the specific part that the language and literature played in those processes. Therefore, in this region, the hierarchy of power reflected itself always, maybe more prominently than anywhere else, in the filed of controlling the social memory, and particularly in controlling the interpretation of old literary works. Further more, the power in that field visibly affirmed itself. By connecting her research to Yugoslavian nation, the period immediately after the World War Two and the function of literary criticism in establishing the Yugoslavian canon for the interpretation of the past, the author examines in this text on of the ways of shaping the social memory in the time of active creation of the Yugoslavian nation. The focus of research is on the social conditionality of constructing memory from the political anticipation of contemporary and future needs of the society. By re-examining the thesis of social memory as an expression of the state’s aspiration to explain to the nation its past and to adjust it to current needs, the author in her research follows the after-war reinterpretation of several classic authors who entered the Yugoslavian canon of interpreting the past.
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Rothberg, Michael. "The Work of Testimony in the Age of Decolonization: Chronicle of a Summer, Cinema Verité, and the Emergence of the Holocaust Survivor." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 119, no. 5 (October 2004): 1231–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900101713.
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The trial of Adolf Eichmann, in 1961, is generally considered a turning point in the history of Holocaust memory because it brought the Holocaust into the public sphere for the first time as a discrete event on an international scale. In the same year, Jean Rouch and Edgar Morin's film Chronicle of a Summer appeared in France. While absent from scholarship on memory of the Nazi genocide for over forty years, Chronicle of a Summer contains a scene of Holocaust testimony that suggests the need to look beyond the Eichmann trial for alternative articulations of public Holocaust remembrance. This essay considers the juxtaposition in Chronicle of a Summer of Holocaust memory and the history of decolonization in order to rethink the “unique” place that the Holocaust has come to hold in discourses on extreme violence. The essay argues that a discourse of truth and testimony arose in French resistance to the Algerian war that shaped and was shaped by memory of the Nazi genocide.
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Erőss, Ágnes. "The symbolic landscape of an illiberal regime: glorifying the interwar era in post-2010 Budapest." Tempo 28, no. 3 (December 2022): 361–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/tem-1980-542x2022v280317.
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Abstract: Since 2010 the Fidesz party, led by Viktor Orbán, has gradually eroded democratic institutions in Hungary using methods commonly applied by illiberal and authoritarian regimes. Previous studies explored how memory politics play a crucial role in maintaining the populist rhetoric, essential for Fidesz rule. This article aims to shed light on the spatial representation of Fidesz power in urban space. Drawing on the literature of symbolic space appropriation in general and the memory politics of Fidesz in particular, I analyze the transformation of two emblematic, centrally located squares in the capital of Hungary: Liberty and Kossuth Square. I argue that the interventions/transformations of these squares inscribe the re-evaluated and distorted “official” narratives of national history into the landscape, turning these places into a hallmark of the populist and illiberal character of Fidesz’ rule.
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OMOHA, OWOJECHO. "Memory and Poetry." Matatu 47, no. 1 (August 22, 2016): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18757421-90000402.
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When William Wordsworth declared two hundred years ago: “I have said that poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings; it takes its origin from emotion recollected in tranquillity,” T.S. Eliot challenged the assertion that “poetry is not a turning loose of emotions, but an escape from emotions; it is not the expression of personality, but an escape from personality.” The intellectual confrontation notwithstanding, the two poets little thought that they were laying a foundation for memory studies in the twentyfirst century. “Recollection” assumes storage in the past and “escape from personality” implies imagination that is beyond self –a principle anchored on existing ideas stored in the mind. This article studies The Chattering Wagtails of Mikuyu Prison by Jack Mapanje as a work of imagination beyond the personality of the poet, but tenaciously holds that the feelings and images expressed by the author reflect his past encounter with a brutal regime in Malawi. This gives vent to the theme of memory and imagination that has become a focus of study in recent times.
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Jack, Christine Trimingham, and Linda Devereux. "Memory objects and boarding school trauma." History of Education Review 48, no. 2 (September 26, 2019): 214–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/her-01-2019-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide language and meaning to open up silence around traumatic boarding school memories through the symbolic aura (Nora 1989) surrounding key memory objects. The secondary aim is to illustrate to historians the importance of paying attention to interviewees’ discussion of material objects as clues to uncovering deeper, unexplored memories. Design/methodology/approach The approach draws on Vamik Volkan’s (2006) understanding of “linking objects” – significant objects preserved or created by traumatised people. Traumatic emotions become linked with loss and grief associated with the object, turning it into a tightly packed symbol whose significance is “bound up in the conscious and unconscious nuances of the relationship that preceded the loss” (Volkan, 2006, p. 255). The experiences of the two authors are examined as exemplars in this process. Findings The exemplars illustrate how complicated and long term the process of remembering and understanding is for those who experience boarding school trauma and the power of “linking objects” to open up memory surrounding it. The case studies also alert educational historians to how emotionally fraught revealing what happened can be and how long it may take to confront the events. Originality/value Linking objects have not previously been used in relationship to surfacing boarding school trauma. The paper is also unique in offering deep analysis of boarding school trauma undertaken by skilled educational researchers who incorporate reflections from their own experience informed by broad theory and pertinent psychological research.
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Sumerling, Patricia. "Turning Points: Chapters in South Australian History: Out of The Silence: The History and Memory of South Australia's Frontier Wars." Journal of Australian Studies 37, no. 4 (December 2013): 550–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443058.2013.843234.
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Rodríguez, Rafael. "What is History? Reading John 1 as Historical Representation." Journal for the Study of the Historical Jesus 16, no. 1 (April 27, 2018): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455197-01601003.
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As Pontius Pilate nearly asked, What is history? This article draws upon memory and media studies to question the notion that we find history within the text of the Fourth Gospel. Rather than trying to identify and isolate history within John’s Gospel, our discussion aims to recover how the Gospel works as a set of historical claims, joining with or competing against other historical claims within the social sphere of its author, redactor, and/or audience. After a précis of memory’s and media’s significance for our question (What is history?), we will localize these abstract issues by turning to the Johannine portrayal of John the Baptist and his testimony for Jesus. This approach respects the Fourth Gospel as a written text that developed and was compiled/redacted in the late first century without imposing a rigidly atemporal conception of Johannine theology onto John’s claims about events six or seven decades earlier.
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Kotlyarov, I. V. "HISTORICAL MEMORY AS THE MOST IMPORTANT FACTOR OF THE CIVILIZATIONAL CODE (SOCIOLOGICAL DISCOURSE)." Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus 62, no. 3 (June 30, 2018): 364–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2018-62-3-364-373.
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Within the framework of the sociological approach, the definition of “civilizational code” is considered, the place and role of its main factors in the system of Belarusian society are determined. Among them is a special place occupied by historical memory as one of the most important elements of civilization. The work reveals the essential features and structural elements of historical memory, its role in preserving and strengthening the socio-spiritual foundations of being, a possible use of historical experience in the activities of people or its return to the sphere of social consciousness. By historical memory are understood the selection, reproduction, and transfer of social experience, which is important and necessary to preserve accumulated knowledge and experience, their transfer from generation to generation, as the perception of history by mass consciousness as a set of ideas about the past existing in society both at a mass and individual level, including cognitive, imaginative, and emotional aspects. It is shown that on the turning points of history, at a transition of society from one qualitative state to another, historical memory can be used as an instrument of ideological struggle and purposeful influence on mass consciousness and filled with a specific information content at the request of various social groups and elites.
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Горелов, М. М. "Synod of Whitby (664): Rethinking the Event." Диалог со временем, no. 85(85) (December 1, 2023): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2023.85.85.017.
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В статье обсуждается один из поворотных моментов становления христианства в англосаксонской Британии через призму его отражения в основных источниках и историографической традиции прошлого и настоящего. Показано, что значимость исторического события подвергается значительной переоценке с течением времени, отражая рефлексию авторов в рамках исторической памяти. The article examines one of the turning points of the formation of Christianity in Anglo-Saxon Britain through the prism of its reflection in the historiographical tradition of the past and present. As a result, it becomes obvious that the significance of a historical event is overestimated over time, demonstrating the reflection of the authors within the framework of historical memory.
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Cohen, Tom. "Tactless—the Severed Hand of J.D." Derrida Today 2, no. 1 (May 2009): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e1754850009000359.
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This article attempts to lean against the suffocating trend towards mourning, theological exegesis and close-circuit canonisation that has characterised Derrida studies in the wake of his death. On Touching is particularly brutal towards Nancy's presumption of a ‘post-deconstructive’ haptics in a manner that extends to a general discipleship (glossing Derrida's remark, ‘I am not of the family’). Summarising the entire course of Derridean ‘deconstruction’ (departing from phenomenology, recycling early studies), On Touching may be his most political monograph. Yet in cutting off Nancy, Derrida at once cuts off ‘future’ extensions while turning aside from any projection of what lies beyond this then closed history except for complex references to memory machines. This essay then asks what teletechnic media already knows of the prosthetic hand and eye by turning to Hitchcock's Spellbound, where a propping-up of the senses by technics is allowed to exceed, or virtually suicide, itself. In refusing to address any ‘beyond’ of a metaphysical haptics while cutting off his own future extenders (readers, progeny), Derrida raises (yet turns from) the question of what exceeds this closed history entering 21st-century horizons.
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Gott, Michael. "European Film's ‘Foreign Countries’: Turning Towards Spatial Research to Explore (Cinematic) History European Cinema and Intertextuality: History, Memory and Politics, by Ewa Mazierska." Studies in Eastern European Cinema 5, no. 2 (July 3, 2014): 206–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/2040350x.2014.929312.
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Vasilchenko, Maksim Anatolevich, and Aleksandr Nikolaevich Galyamichev. "XV All-Russian Scientific Readings in memory of Professor A. I. Ozolin." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 2 (February 2021): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.2.35132.
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The object of this research is the information on the results of the XV All-Russian Scientific Readings in memory of Professor A. I. Ozolin, which are held annually at the premises of Saratov Chernyshevsky State University. In 2021, it will be 15 years since this conference was held for the first time within the walls of the faculty of History upon the initiative of the Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor A. N. Galyamichev. The main goal of this article is to recap the work of the All-Russian conference, give an overview on the basic forms of preservation of historical memory of the prominent representatives of the academic staff, such as A. I. Ozolin. He was one of the remarkable personas on the faculty of History, who read a general course on the medieval history of Southern and Western Slavs, as well as a number of subjects within the specialty on the department of History of the Middle Ages. Planners of the conference sought to ensure that his legacy would continue to live in the memory of Saratov historians, as well as contribute to preservation and consolidation of their best traditions. Another case for holding these readings was the desire to revive and institutionalize the historical Slavic studies as an important vector of research of the Saratov historians. The readings in memory of A. I. Ozolin united the efforts of Saratov Slavists and created prerequisites for the revival of “Slavic Collection” and turning it into a scientific annuary. The majority of speakers are the staff members and postgraduates of the Institute of History and International Relations of Saratov State University, engaged in Slavic history; however, the conference draws attention of the scholars (specifically young) from other Russian regions. Reflecting on the results of conference, the participants outlined the key areas for further work, hoping to continue this tradition, which filled the niche in scientific life of the Institute of History and International Relations of Saratov State University.
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Purcell, Elizabeth. "Testimony, Memory and Solidarity across National Borders: Paul Ricoeur and Transnational Feminism." Études Ricoeuriennes / Ricoeur Studies 8, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/errs.2017.369.
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In many ways, globalization created the problem of representation for feminist solidarity across the borders of the nation state. This problem is one of presenting a cohesive identity for representation in the transnational public sphere. This paper proposes a solution to this problem of a cohesive identity for women’s representation by drawing on the work of Paul Ricœur. What these women seem to have in common are shared political aims, but they have no basis for those aims. This paper provides a basis for these aims by turning to Ricœur’s work on collective memory from Memory, History, Forgetting. The paper concludes that it is the shared testimony through narrative hospitality, which can provide a foundation for a social bond for those with common political aims. More specifically, this common knowledge provides a justification for the representation of women and their allies in the transnational public sphere.
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Aoki, Darren J. "Assimilation—On (Not) Turning White: Memory and the Narration of the Postwar History of Japanese Canadians in Southern Alberta." Journal of Canadian Studies 53, no. 2 (July 2019): 238–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcs.2018-0008.
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Dornbach, Márton. "Remains of a Picnic: Post-Transition Hungary and Its Austro-Hungarian Past." Austrian History Yearbook 44 (April 2013): 255–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0067237813000155.
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It is difficult to imagine how collective memory might function without the watershed dates that structure our stories about the past. Almost by definition, however, such familiar milestones fail to capture the complex dynamics of the transition from one era to the next. A case in point is the dismantling of the Iron Curtain. As the anniversary commemorations of 2009 showed, this development came to be epitomized by the tearing down of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1989. One does not need to doubt the importance of this event to see that its sheer symbolic weight tends to obscure the intricacies of the Eastern European transition process. More often than not, accounts that foreground this turning point marginalize some sixty million Hungarians, Poles, Czechs, and Slovaks who embarked on the transition process well ahead of the citizens of East Germany.
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Skipina, I. V., and V. V. Moskovkin. "Identity Transformation as a Turning Point during Civil War (Spring — Summer 1919) in Assessment of Modern Researchers." Nauchnyi dialog 12, no. 1 (February 8, 2023): 447–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2023-12-1-447-466.
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The article is devoted to the historiography of the history of identity transformation during the Civil War in Russia. The purpose of the study id seen in the researchers’ coverage of self-determination of citizens during the spring — summer of 1919 based on the concept of historical memory and the concept of identity. The authors came to the conclusion that this period was a turning point in the Civil War, which was due to the success of the Red Army, the defeat of Kolchak in the Urals and a noticeable shift in public sentiment in favor of the Soviet government. As historians note, against the backdrop of militarization and the split of Russian society, the war intensified the processes of self-determination, becoming a means of achieving a relative identity of society, capable of ensuring victory for the side that has goals that are understandable and close to the population. It is noted that the image of the pre-revolutionary past, preserved in historical memory, played a decisive role in the self-identification of the population. It is noted that the image of the pre-revolutionary past, preserved in historical memory, played a decisive role in the self-identification of the population. Today, scientists, based on the study of human reflections, identification processes that accompany the transformational shifts that took place during the years of the Civil War in Russia, have made significant progress in studying revolutionary changes in society and their impact on the further development of the country.
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Busyreva, Elena Vladislavovna. "FAMILY ARCHIVES AS A STORAGE OF MEMORY ABOUT FAMILY HISTORY (A CASE STUDY OF FINNISH AND KARELIAN FAMILIES OF THE MURMANSK REGION)." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 16, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2022-16-1-100-111.
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The article is devoted to the issue of preservation and translation of family memory in the materialized form of a home archive. Interest in family archives is due to the fact that the collection of documents and photographs by each individual family contributes to the preservation of memory, turning it into history. The article discusses which documents have helped to recreate the history of each family, how this story interacts with macrohistory, which documents are most valuable and why. Thus, knowledge about the history of one’s family (microhistory) is closely intertwined with macrohistory. In addition, thanks to family archives, the formation of ethnic identity and local self-awareness of the individual takes place. The article analyzes the composition and functions of archives. Family archives include various biographical documents, ego-documents that make it possible to clarify the details of the biographical trajectories and circumstances of family life, photographs that not only reproduce the appearance of the characters in family history, but also reflect the traditions, the environment of the past. The composition of the documents indicates which facts and circumstances of family history are significant for descendants. Official documents stored in family archives can perform various functions, for example, serve as a source for the reconstruction of the family tree and confirm ethnic origin. The importance of family archives lies not only in helping to recreate the history of an individual, family, but also as a valuable historical source.
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Busyreva, Elena Vladislavovna. "FAMILY ARCHIVES AS A STORAGE OF MEMORY ABOUT FAMILY HISTORY (A CASE STUDY OF FINNISH AND KARELIAN FAMILIES OF THE MURMANSK REGION)." Yearbook of Finno-Ugric Studies 16, no. 1 (March 20, 2022): 100–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2224-9443-2022-16-1-100-111.
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The article is devoted to the issue of preservation and translation of family memory in the materialized form of a home archive. Interest in family archives is due to the fact that the collection of documents and photographs by each individual family contributes to the preservation of memory, turning it into history. The article discusses which documents have helped to recreate the history of each family, how this story interacts with macrohistory, which documents are most valuable and why. Thus, knowledge about the history of one’s family (microhistory) is closely intertwined with macrohistory. In addition, thanks to family archives, the formation of ethnic identity and local self-awareness of the individual takes place. The article analyzes the composition and functions of archives. Family archives include various biographical documents, ego-documents that make it possible to clarify the details of the biographical trajectories and circumstances of family life, photographs that not only reproduce the appearance of the characters in family history, but also reflect the traditions, the environment of the past. The composition of the documents indicates which facts and circumstances of family history are significant for descendants. Official documents stored in family archives can perform various functions, for example, serve as a source for the reconstruction of the family tree and confirm ethnic origin. The importance of family archives lies not only in helping to recreate the history of an individual, family, but also as a valuable historical source.
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Harmless, William. "Remembering Poemen Remembering: The Desert Fathers and the Spirituality of Memory." Church History 69, no. 3 (September 2000): 483–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3169395.
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In 407, a tribe of barbarian raiders known as Mazices came sweeping off the Libyan desert and devastated one of the first great centers of Christian monasticism, the settlement of Scetis. Scetis was located in a remote desert valley west of the Nile and had been founded around 330 by one of the pioneers of the monastic movement, Macarius the Egyptian (d. 390). Before the attack, it had enjoyed an international reputation for its ascetic rigor and incisive wisdom. Word of the devastation spread rapidly, even to the Latin West. Augustine knew of it and counted it among the great disasters of the time.2 And when the sack of Rome took place a couple of years later, in 410, one of Scetis's survivors, Abba Arsenius, would link the two events: “The world has lost Rome and the monks have lost Scetis.” Scetis's destruction marked a turning point in the history of early Christian monasticism. The site would be resettled a few years later, and in fact would suffer other barbarian raids, notably in 434, 444, and 570. But after this first one, many of its leading monks dispersed and never returned.
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Konovšek, Tjaša. "Reconciliation: The Institutionalization of Memory in Post-Yugoslav Slovenia." Journal of Nationalism, Memory & Language Politics 15, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jnmlp-2021-0006.
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Abstract For Slovenian society the turning point in 1989 meant many things: the making of a new state, a transition to a new political and economic system, but also a new dimension of remembrance. The democratization process that started in the late 1980s and continued in the 1990s was deeply interwoven with the reconfiguration of public remembrance and the legitimation of the nascent Slovenian state. This resulted in a long and still ongoing project of reconciliation (sprava), a process of surpassing the divisions in society caused by the injustices and crimes committed by the Communist leadership in the previous decades. Its goal seems simple: to reach a point where history will no longer be a source of division in politics and where a relative unity could be established within the society. As it moves away from the discussion of the disputed past itself, this article focuses on the history of the concept of reconciliation and the state's subsequent memorial policy of the last three decades. The development of the concept entails changes in the understanding of the past after two major political shifts: after 1990, when Slovenia became an independent state; and again after 2004, when it joined the European Union (EU). The identification of these shifts is based on the changes in the content of political and public debates. I propose that the Slovenian reconciliation between 1990 and 2004 be regarded as a specific element of the period from the end of communism until the Slovenian accession to the EU (transition), during which the political system changed.
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Volk, Lucia. "WHEN MEMORY REPEATS ITSELF: THE POLITICS OF HERITAGE IN POST CIVIL WAR LEBANON." International Journal of Middle East Studies 40, no. 2 (May 2008): 314a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743808080902.
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In 2005 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization accepted Lebanon's archaeological site of Nahr al-Kalb into its Memory of the World Programme, turning it from national heritage into a globally memorable text. I argue that it is not the content of the commemorative inscriptions but the mode of repeated commemoration that makes it possible to reinterpret potentially divisive markers of Lebanon's past into icons of national unity and a shared humanity. By focusing on the intersection of public monumentality, repetition, and the construction of community identity based on the logic of resemblance, I show that governmental elites at times of political transition need to make public interventions into the past to bolster their legitimacy, new commemorations are confined by rules and conventions of public memorializing, and the logic of resemblance inherent in commemorative processes can be used to convert a fragmented history into a memory of unity and strength
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Majerník, Jozef. "The Psychological Theory of On the Utility and Liability of History for Life." Nietzsche-Studien 49, no. 1 (October 27, 2020): 71–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nietzstu-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe problem of history in Nietzsche’s second Unfashionable Observation is best approached through that which it is supposed to serve: life, more specifically human life. I argue that Nietzsche presents an oblique but nevertheless complete articulation of the nature of the human soul as consisting of two basic parts, of desiring (the unhistorical) and memory (the historical): of a multiplicity of desires that struggle for domination over the others, and which express themselves in more complex ways through memory-based structures such as conscience. I then discuss some implications of this conception. First, I interpret the significance of the useful kinds of history: rather than being different modes of historical science, they are much more basic modes of practical relating to the matters of our world (especially to other humans and their ways of life) that are external to us both temporally and spatially. Second, I discuss the particular kinds of desires which underpin the three useful kinds of history. Third, I interpret the problem of scientific history as arising from a turning of the normal human structures of meaningfulness against themselves, and as resulting in two specific kinds of psychic damage: to our capacity for growth and self-cultivation, and to our will to do so at all. Finally, I show the importance of the erotic-historic soul for the questions of right and wrong methods of self-knowledge and for the meaning of the imperative “sei du selbst!” that we find in Schopenhauer as Educator.
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Kaputu, Felix Ulombe, and Fidèle Mwepu. "Continuity, Discontinuity, Invention, Reinvention of African Aesthetics or Cultural Memory and Change." Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 30, no. 3 (October 8, 2020): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35699/2317-2096.2020.25105.
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The question of aesthetics, memory, and changes in Africa are raised from several perspectives. A few European scholars alleged Africa did not have a past and could not produce aesthetics, material or immaterial resources to share with the world, for its past was empty, and a-historical. Unfortunately, these scholars’ arguments influenced history, justified colonization, slavery, and their multidimensional violence. This paper gives a quick survey of these moments and underlines false accusations against Africa. The question of aesthetics, memory, and changes in Africa are raised from several perspectives. A few European scholars alleged Africa did not have a past and could not produce aesthetics, material or immaterial resources to share with the world, for its past was empty, and a-historical. Unfortunately, these scholars’ arguments influenced history, justified colonization, slavery, and their multidimensional violence. This paper gives a quick survey of these moments and underlines false accusations against Africa. Contributions from scholars from the South such as Mudimbe, Mbembe, Bhabha, and Appadurai attested spectacular results combining findings from archaeologists, historians, art historians, anthropologists, linguists, culturalists, musicologists, and philosophers in interdisciplinary studies. Africa has always been a vibrant cultural continent that colonization and slavery defiled. Borrowing Apter’s question about “what should be done” concerning all findings on African aesthetics and history, the text invites scholars to push ahead in their quest of communications, comparisons, originalities drawn from the distant African past, adapted to local, global, Diaspora’s dynamics, and glocal perspectives. It is time to stop accusations and complaints on the past for turning to documented global visibility.
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Brandau, Daniel. "Peenemünde Contested." Journal of Educational Media, Memory, and Society 14, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 98–127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/jemms.2022.140106.
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Given Peenemünde’s ambivalent military and technological history, from rocket development during the Nazi period to East German naval and air bases during the Cold War, its musealization was considered both a chance and challenge during the region’s deindustrialization in the 1990s. Local residents’ support of veteran engineers promoting an apologetic view of Nazi rocketry was met with bewilderment. However, a space park project and anniversary event were spearheaded by government and industry representatives, turning a regional affair into an international controversy. The article analyzes the function of memory work and the remembrance of technological progress in rural northeastern Germany before and after German reunification. Based on archival sources and interviews with former officers and museum advocates, it traces the Peenemünde museum project through a history of ideological and biographical caesurae, enthusiasm, political promises, and socioeconomic despair.
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Lizogub, Anna S. "Imperial Russian Military Historical Society and the Formation of Historical Memory of Military Events in the Early 20th Century." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 2 (May 1, 2024): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v329.
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This study analyses the ability and potential of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society to influence the formation of historical memory of military events in Russian history in the early 20th century. The methodological basis is a synthesis of ideas from the interdisciplinary paradigm of memory studies, as well as comparative historical and typological historical methods. The author proceeds from the assumption that in the early 20th century, the Russian Military Historical Society was among the key actors in the formation of historical memory of significant events in military history. The extensive structure, large membership, broad local representation and various forms of commemoration allowed the society to participate in the process of selecting acts of remembrance of military events and figures as well as assigning certain meanings to them. The study identified difficulties in implementing a number of commemorative projects, such as insufficient financial support and conflicts between the central and local offices as well as between the society’s members. The author comes to the conclusion that, despite the organizational and financial problems, the Russian Military Historical Society during its short period of existence has made a significant contribution to preserving the memory of military campaigns, which is reflected in various forms of commemoration. In addition, the society has managed to earn a reputation and gain the trust of military historians. Turning to these topics not only expands our understanding of the mnemonic actors existing in the modern world, but also allows us to recreate the main directions of the policy of memory in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century. Further research into the commemorative projects of the Imperial Russian Military Historical Society, as well as its interactions with other actors, seems promising.
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Fostova, S. A. "FORT №5 IN THE HISTORICAL MEMORY OF KALININGRAD RESIDENTS." Vestnik of Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University Series Humanities and social science, no. 4 (2022): 70–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/sikbfu-2022-4-7.
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The Königsberg Fort № 5 “Friedrich Wilhelm III”, built in the second half of the 19th century was never used in military operations before the Second World War. But during the storm of Königsberg by the Soviet troops in April, 1945, it had been exposed to the attacks of all kinds of forces of the 3rd Belorussian front for four days and was surrendered by the German command. Later fifteen men were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for the fort storming. The article is based on the unpublished documents dating from 1970—1980s from the archives of the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Art which are related to the events of the East Prussian invasion. The author studies the process of including the former German fortress in the historical memory of the Soviet Kaliningrad inhabitants. The article identifies the reasons for the museumisation of the fortress among other fortification structures and its formation as a place of memory. Two concept plans of turning the fort into a memorial are described and analyzed in detail: projects by sculptors from the Moscow organization Rosmonumentyskusstvo and by workers of the Regional Museum of History and Art. The conclusion is made about the principles of reconstruction and the limits of what is admissible in the process of adjusting the German monuments to the objectives of the memory policy aimed at filling the historic landscape of the city with the Soviet attributes. The conclusion substantiates the key role of the memorial opened at Fort № 5 as a mediator (media) between the past of the region and the inhabitants of the region to promote the historical narrative about the storming of Königsberg by the Red Army as the central event of the East Prussian operation of 1945.
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Balan, Elena G. "Key Trends in the Memorial Urban Toponymy of Francoist Spain in the 20th – 21st Centuries." Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v155.
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The paper studies urban place names of the era of the Spanish Civil War (from 1936 to 1939) and the dictatorship of Francisco Franco (from 1939 to 1975) in the context of the historical memory in contemporary Spain. The material included academic articles on historical memory, publications in the mass media, pieces of legislation, and data from the National Statistics Institute (Spain). Turning to toponyms allows us to provide insights into the problem of historical memory in Spain after the end of the dictatorship in 1975. The 1977 Amnesty Law (Ley de Amnistía de 1977) stipulated the oblivion of the events of the Franco period so as not to provoke conflict in society. In the late 20th century, the history of the Civil War and Francoist dictatorship needed to be re-examined. The research demonstrates that the current legal framework for memory in Spain is based on the Historical Memory Law (Ley de memoria histórica), adopted in 2007. The paper found that the number of urban toponyms containing symbols of the period under study, such as the names of participants in and events of the Civil War and Francoist dictatorship, has decreased significantly in recent years. However, changes in Francoist toponyms are inevitably accompanied by discussions and polemics at the level of local legislatures as well as public commemorative organizations, which are often covered in the media. Thus, the process of renaming continues to be a topical problem for Spain.
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Humphrey, Caroline, and Vera Skvirskaja. "Introduction." Focaal 2014, no. 70 (December 1, 2014): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/fcl.2014.700101.
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The introduction first outlines different perspectives on the Black Sea: in history, as a site of imperial conflicts and a buffer zone; in area studies, as a “region”; and in anthropology, as a sea crisscrossed by migration, cultural influences, alternative visions, and often a mutual turning of backs. We then discuss the Black Sea in the context of maritime ethnography and the study of ports, “hero cities”, pipelines, and political crises. The following sections consider Smith's notion of the “territorialization of memory” in relation to histories of exile and the more recent interactions brought about by migration and trade. In the concluding section we discuss how the Black Sea has appeared as a “horizon” and imaginary of the beyond for the peoples living around its shores.
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Cox, Lara. "Reaching for Archive Fever: A Tall Tale about Queer ‘Made in France’." Paragraph 39, no. 3 (November 2016): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2016.0204.
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This article reflects on the history of queer theory's entry in France by turning to two critics, Marie-Hélène Bourcier and François Cusset, who claim to have introduced the term ‘queer’ into French culture. It analogizes these critics' claims as a battle of the ‘archons’ as conceptualized by Derrida in Archive Fever. Archons police official memory and search for the ‘authentic’ origins of the event, practice or discipline that is archived. The Derridean formulation allows me to consider the narrative that Bourcier and Cusset assert, particularly that concerning the status of French theory as the progenitor of queer theory, in terms of the authority of the archon. The Derridean analogy also enables me to consider what gets written out of each account in the archontic endeavour. The article finally turns to the subject of the possibility of a more disruptively queer archive by arguing for a re-evaluation of Bourcier's earlier collaborative work. I argue that what Derrida pinpointed as an anarchivizing ‘fever’ that threatens stable, exclusionary memory may be detected in this early work.
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Кирчанов, М. В. "«ИСТОРИЧЕСКАЯ ПОЛИТИКА» В МИРЕ: ПЛОДЫ ОТСТРАНЕННОГО ИЗУЧЕНИЯ." Диалог со временем, no. 82(82) (April 21, 2023): 15–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21267/aquilo.2023.82.82.030.
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В статье проанализированы тактики и стратегии политических элит, направленные на превращение истории в символический ресурс легитимации власти и политической мобилизации. Автором в представленной статье проанализированы парадигмы исторической политики, представленные доминированием элит в формировании представлений о прошлом, попытками интеллектуальной ревизии и продвижения альтернативных мемориальных культур, дрейфом мемориальных практик в сферу массовой культуры. Анализируется истории политики памяти в ее ранних, «классических» и современных версиях, закономерности развития мемориальных культур, показана универсальной и неизбежность исторической политики. The article analyzes the tactics and strategies of political elites aimed at turning history into a symbolic resource for legitimizing power and political mobilization. The author in this article analyzes the paradigms of historical politics, represented by the dominance of elites in the formation of ideas about the past, attempts of intellectual revision and promotion of alternative memorial cultures, and the drift of memorial practices into the sphere of mass culture. The history of the politics of memory in its early, "classical" and modern versions, the patterns of development of memorial cultures are analyzed, the universality and inevitability of historical politics is shown.
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Ivanovic, Christine. "Turning Herod’s Children into Jakob’s Children. Cross-generational perspectives in conceptuaizing memory and history through the perspective of “being a child”." Sprachkunst. Beiträge zur Literaturwissenschaft 1 (2019): 91–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1553/spk49_2s91.
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Vorontsov, Mikhail S., Mikhail S. Kishchenkov, Yuriy S. Nikiforov, Denis V. Tumakov, and Yaroslav N. Sirotkin. ""The Lords" of the Golden Ring of Russia. Soviet regional elites and Moscow at the turning point of events (the 1960s to 1980s). The 2nd round table of Yaroslavl’s young historians." Vestnik of Kostroma State University, no. 4 (2019): 206–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2019-25-4-206-209.
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A review of the reports and discussions of the second round table of Yaroslavl's young historians, "The" Lords "of the Golden Ring of Russia," is presented in the article. Soviet regional elites and Moscow at the turning point of events (the 1960s to 1980s) were considered on August 28, 2019 in Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogic University. The scientific event was devoted to discursive discussions of issues of regional history (the 1960s to 1980s), to identification of problematic places of the scientific project "Soviet regional elites and their interaction with Moscow in the 1960s to 1980s: in archival documents and in historical memory." The purpose of the round table was related to the need to update the regional aspect of Russia 's recent history after 1945. The main attention of the participants of the round table was focused on the issues of relations between regional and central power in the late USSR, on the problem of regional lobbying, on crime in the Soviet province, on communicative practices of local power and Soviet citizens, on the role of oral history in the study of modern history. More than 20 people, including History teachers of schools in the city of Yaroslavl and undergraduates of history faculty of Ushinsky Yaroslavl State Pedagogic University made presentations and participated in discussions.
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Navarro Navarro, J. F., and E. O. Grantseva. "Shadows of the Past in Spain: Historical Policy and Collective Memory of Civil War and Francism." Concept: philosophy, religion, culture 5, no. 4 (December 22, 2021): 96–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2541-8831-2021-4-20-96-113.
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The article is devoted to the study of the phenomenon of public memory about the civil war of 1936 – 1939 and the Francoist dictatorship in Spain. Another focus of the research is an analysis of the difficulties and contradictions associated with the transformations of the Spanish state historical policy, including the problems resulting from the adoption of a new law on democratic memory in the country. For twenty years, issues of memory have invariably been present in the Spanish political discourse and affect the daily life of Spaniards. This situation has been accompanied by significant media attention and wide media coverage. Numerous references to the themes of memory and the difficult past are often superficial and do not reveal the essence of the problem, forming a horizontal informational reflection that gives the illusion of saturation. The authors, analyzing the relationship of the Spaniards with their past, apply the comparative method in the context of four historical stages — the period of the Francoist dictatorship, the stage of democratic transition, democratic Spain in the 1980s – 1990s, and Spain of the 21st century. The conducted research allows us to assert that one important characteristic of the Spanish case is the lack of social consolidation and acceptance of the policy of public memory on a democratic basis. This reveals the difficulty of building a social and political consensus around the policy of memory. Turning to the history of the issue of the return of memory and noting the desire of the left political forces for a historical revenge, the authors of the article conclude that it is impossible to present a single correct presentation of democratic memory. Using the example of the denial of both the Francoist memory and the revolutionary memory of the anarchist movement, the article argues the specific character of democratic memory as a cultural phenomenon: democratic memory is multiple, it reflects and presents various interests of many social actors and does not have an exclusively liberal-democratic character.
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Walz, Heike. "The Madres Appear on the Public Plaza de Mayo in Argentina: Towards Human Rights as a Key for a Public eology that Carries on the Liberation Heritage." International Journal of Public Theology 3, no. 2 (2009): 165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156973209x415981.
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AbstractThe Madres y Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo are internationally recognized for human rights work in their ongoing campaign for justice for those who disappeared during the most recent dictatorship in Argentina. ey have become the contemporary Argentine symbol for the implementation of human rights in the society. The article examines how they implicitly carry on the liberation theological heritage and have reclaimed the public sphere through: shedding light on the clandestine actions of state terrorism, turning private motherhood political and reconstructing public discourse. Despite such efforts to put memory, truth and justice on the public agenda, a history of impunity made reconciliation difficult in Argentina. The engagement of the Mothers and Grandmothers off ers clues for the continuation of liberation theology as a type of public theology, with human rights as its focus.