Relevant bibliographies by topics / Turn models

Academic literature on the topic 'Turn models'

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Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Turn models"

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Miyake, Teru. "Reference Models: Using Models to Turn Data into Evidence." Philosophy of Science 82, no. 5 (December 2015): 822–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/683322.

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Krkač, Kristijan, and Josip Lukin. "Wittgenstein’s Turn from Models to Modeling." Disputatio philosophica 23, no. 1 (February 8, 2022): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.32701/dp.23.1.1.

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We present a solution to the difference between Wittgenstein’s use of model in TLP and modeling in PI, RFM and OC by means of analysis of the difference in word choices and concept descriptions of the phenomena in his remarks. The method we used is conceptual analysis of Wittgenstein’s treatments of scientific models and modeling. Additionally, textual analysis and textual comparison are used in the study of his major remarks on the subject. Given the discovered difference between model and modeling and the continuity of dependence of both concepts on the concept of picture, with the difference between picture and picturing implied, we suggest that Wittgenstein tried to incorporate his old concept of model into the new concept of modeling. The explicated difference and incorporation contribute to the clarification of the issues of Wittgenstein’s indirect and direct influence on philosophy of science (especially on Toulmin, Hanson, Kuhn and Feyerabend).
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Reynolds, William L., Nagui M. Rouphail, and Xuesong Zhou. "Turn Pocket Blockage and Spillback Models." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2259, no. 1 (January 2011): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2259-10.

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Greco, Alan J., Linda E. Swayne, and Edna B. Johnson. "Will Older Models Turn Off Shoppers?" International Journal of Advertising 16, no. 1 (January 1997): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02650487.1997.11104671.

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Sanches de Oliveira, Guilherme. "Experimentation, “models” and the turn to practice." Metascience 29, no. 3 (September 8, 2020): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11016-020-00564-6.

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Perczel, Andraás, and Gerald D. Fasman. "Quantitative analysis of cyclic β-turn models." Protein Science 1, no. 3 (March 1992): 378–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pro.5560010310.

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Clark, Matthew. "The cognitive turn." Narrative Inquiry 22, no. 2 (December 31, 2012): 405–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ni.22.2.11cla.

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Corresponding to the “narrative turn” in the human and cultural sciences, this paper advocates a “cognitive turn” in the study of literary narratives. The representation of the self in literary narratives, for example, is in some ways similar to the representation of the self represented in philosophic, psychological, and sociological theory, but the narrative models extend and enrich the understanding of the self. The tradition of literary narrative includes the monadic, dyadic, and triadic models of the self, as well as representations of agent, patient, experiencer, witness, instrumental, and locative selves. Narrative is thus a kind of worldmaking, and the making of complex worlds, such as the worlds of the self, lead towards narrative.
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MÄKELÄ, ANNIKKI. "Partitioning Coefficients in Plant Models with Turn-over." Annals of Botany 57, no. 3 (March 1986): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a087109.

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Baek, Seung Myeong, and Sang Hyun Kim. "Breakdown and Voltage–Time Characteristics of Turn-to-Turn Models for an HTS Transformer." IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity 18, no. 1 (March 2008): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tasc.2008.917537.

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Nabaa, N., and R. H. Bishop. "Validation and comparison of coordinated turn aircraft maneuver models." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 36, no. 1 (2000): 250–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/7.826327.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Turn models"

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Parton, Alison. "Bayesian inference for continuous-time step-and-turn movement models." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2018. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20124/.

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This thesis concerns the statistical modelling of animal movement paths given observed GPS locations. With observations being in discrete time, mechanistic models of movement are often formulated as such. This popularity remains despite an inability to compare analyses through scale invariance and common problems handling irregularly timed observations. A natural solution is to formulate in continuous time, yet uptake of this has been slow, often excused by a difficulty in interpreting the ‘instantaneous’ parameters associated with a continuous-time model. The aim here was to bolster usage by developing a continuous-time model with interpretable parameters, similar to those of popular discrete-time models that use turning angles and step lengths to describe the movement process. Movement is defined by a continuous-time, joint bearing and speed process, the parameters of which are dependent on a continuous-time behavioural switching process, thus creating a flexible class of movement models. Further, we allow for the observed locations derived from this process to have unknown error. Markov chain Monte Carlo inference is presented for parameters given irregular, noisy observations. The approach involves augmenting the observed locations with a reconstruction of the underlying continuous-time process. Example implementations showcasing this method are given featuring simulated and real datasets. Data from elk (Cervus elaphus), which have previously been modelled in discrete time, demonstrate the interpretable nature of the model, finding clear differences in behaviour over time and insights into short-term behaviour that could not have been obtained in discrete time. Observations from reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) reveal the effect observation error has on the identification of large turning angles—a feature often inferred in discrete-time modelling. Scalability to realistically large datasets is shown for lesser black-backed gull (Larus fuscus) data.
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Al, Hakmani Rahab. "Bayesian Estimation of Mixture IRT Models using NUTS." OpenSIUC, 2018. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1641.

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The No-U-Turn Sampler (NUTS) is a relatively new Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm that avoids the random walk behavior that common MCMC algorithms such as Gibbs sampling or Metropolis Hastings usually exhibit. Given the fact that NUTS can efficiently explore the entire space of the target distribution, the sampler converges to high-dimensional target distributions more quickly than other MCMC algorithms and is hence less computational expensive. The focus of this study is on applying NUTS to one of the complex IRT models, specifically the two-parameter mixture IRT (Mix2PL) model, and further to examine its performance in estimating model parameters when sample size, test length, and number of latent classes are manipulated. The results indicate that overall, NUTS performs well in recovering model parameters. However, the recovery of the class membership of individual persons is not satisfactory for the three-class conditions. Also, the results indicate that WAIC performs better than LOO in recovering the number of latent classes, in terms of the proportion of the time the correct model was selected as the best fitting model. However, when the effective number of parameters was also considered in selecting the best fitting model, both fully Bayesian fit indices perform equally well. In addition, the results suggest that when multiple latent classes exist, using either fully Bayesian fit indices (WAIC or LOO) would not select the conventional IRT model. On the other hand, when all examinees came from a single unified population, fitting MixIRT models using NUTS causes problems in convergence.
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Zohdy, Ismail Hisham. "Modeling Permissive Left-Turn Gap Acceptance Behavior at Signalized Intersections." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35691.

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The research presented in this thesis, studies driver gap acceptance behavior for permissive left turn movements at signalized intersections. The thesis attempts to model the gap acceptance behavior using three different approaches, a deterministic statistical approach, a stochastic approach, and a psycho-physical approach. First, the deterministic statistical modeling approach is conducted using logistic regression to characterize the impact of a number of variables on driver gap acceptance behavior. The variables studied are the gap duration, the driverâ s wait time in search of an acceptable gap, the time required to travel to clear the conflict point, and the rain intensity. Considering stochastic gap acceptance, two stochastic approaches are compared, namely: a Bayesian and a Bootstrap approach. The study develops a procedure to model stochastic gap acceptance behavior while capturing model parameter correlations without the need to store all parameter combinations. The model is then implemented to estimate stochastic opposed saturation flow rates. Finally, the third approach uses a psycho-physical modeling approach. The physical component captures the vehicle constraints on gap acceptance behavior using vehicle dynamics models while the psychological component models the driver deliberation and decision process. In general, the three proposed models capture gap acceptance behavior for different vehicle types, roadway surface conditions, weather effects and types of control which could affect the driver gap acceptance behavior. These findings can be used to develop weather responsive traffic signal timings and can also be integrated into emerging IntelliDrive systems.
Master of Science
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Scarale, M. G. "RESPONSE - ADAPTIVE CLINICAL TRIALS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/344736.

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The question we posed at the beginning of this thesis was whether, in the presence of a clinical superiority of one of two possible treatments, it was possible to find an appropriate statistical methodology that would allow us to reach this goal. We were thus led to explore many possibilities to carry out this analysis and randomly assign patients to the two treatments, as required by the particular nature of these experiments. Specifically, we made a close examination of the methods of randomization, especially appreciating the flexibility of the adaptive responses, and could see the strengths of urn models. We started with the study of the urn for excellence, Polya's urn. Next, we analyzed some extensions and generalizations, focusing especially on two kinds of urns with random reinforcement. We exposed the results obtained throughout simulations concerning the convergence of the proportion of the best treatment, which came from the comparison of the models studied. In the end, we showed how the urn model works in a real case, comparing two treatments with continuous response in one ICU trial on Melatonin. We'll see how the properties demonstrated in theory are confirmed in practice. The project ends by giving a hint of a new adaptive model that we have started to idealize in collaboration with the team of Prof. Parmigiani and Prof. Trippa of the "Biostatistics and Computational Biology" Department, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health.
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Razmpa, Ali. "An Assessment of Post-Encroachment Times for Bicycle-Vehicle Interactions Observed in the Field, a Driving Simulator, and in Traffic Simulation Models." PDXScholar, 2016. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3379.

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Most safety analysis is conducted using crash data. Surrogate safety measures, such as various time-based measures of time-to-collision can be related to crash potential and used to gain insight into the frequency and severity of crashes at a specific location. One of the most common and acknowledged measures is post-encroachment time (PET) which defines the time between vehicles occupying a conflicting space. While commonly used in studies of motor vehicle interactions, studies of PET for bicycle-vehicle interactions are few. In this research, the PET of bicycle-vehicle interactions measured in the field, a driving simulator, and in a micro-simulation are compared. A total of 52 right-hook conflicts were identified in 135 hours of video footage over 14 days at a signalized intersection in Portland, OR (SW Taylor and SW Naito Pkwy). The results showed that 4 of 17 high-risk conflicts could not be identified by the conventional definition of PET and PET values of some conflicts did not reflect true risk of collision. Therefore, right-hook conflicts were categorized into two types and a modified measure of PET was proposed so that their frequency and severity were properly measured. PETs from the field were then compared to those measures in the Oregon State University driving simulator during research conducted by Dr. Hurwitz et al. (2015) studying the right-hook conflicts. Statistical and graphical methods were used to compare field PETs to those in the simulator. The results suggest that the relative validity of the OSU driving simulator was good but not conclusive due to differences in traffic conditions and intersections. To further explore the field-observed PET values, traffic simulation models of the field intersection were developed and calibrated. Right-hook conflicts were extracted from the simulation files and conflicts observed in PM-peak hours over 6 days in the field were compared to those obtained from 24 traffic simulation runs. The field-observed PET values did not match the values from the simulation values very well. However, the approach does show promise. Further calibration of driving and bicycling behaviors would likely improve the result.
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Antón, Remírez Raúl. "Experimental and numerical study of the thermal and hydraulic effect of EMC screens in radio base stations : detailed and compact models." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4265.

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Today’s telecommunication cabinets use Electro Magnetic Compliance (EMC) screens in order to reduce electromagnetic noise that can cause some miss functions in electronic equipment. Many radio base stations (RBSs) use a 90-degree building architecture: the flow inlet is perpendicular to the EMC screen, which creates a complex flow, with a 90-degree air turn, expansions, compressions, perforated plates and PCBs. It is of great interest to study how the EMC screen interacts with the rest of components and analyze the total pressure drop and how much the flow pattern changes due to the placement of the screen. Velocity, pressure and temperature measurements as well as flow pattern visualizations have been carried out to gain good insight into the flow and heat transfer characteristics in a subrack model of an RBS. Furthermore, these measurements have been very useful for validating detailed CFD models and evaluating several turbulence models. Nowadays, industrial competition has caused a substantial decrease in the time-to-market of products. This fact makes the use of compact models in the first stages of the design process of vital importance. Accurate and fast compact models can to a great extent decrease the time for design, and thus for production. Hence, to determine the correlations between the pressure drop and flow pattern on the PCBs as a function of the geometry and the Reynolds number, based on a detailed CFD parametric study, was one objective. Furthermore, the development of a compact model using a porous media approach (using two directional-loss coefficients) has been accomplished. Two correlations of these directional loss coefficients were found as a function of the geometry and Reynolds number.
QC 20100630
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Sköld, Christian. "Computational Modeling of the AT2 Receptor and AT2 Receptor Ligands : Investigating Ligand Binding, Structure–Activity Relationships, and Receptor-Bound Models." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för organisk farmaceutisk kemi, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7823.

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Rational conversion of biologically active peptides to nonpeptide compounds with retained activity is an appealing approach in drug development. One important objective of the work presented in this thesis was to use computational modeling to aid in such a conversion of the peptide angiotensin II (Ang II, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe). An equally important objective was to gain an understanding of the requirements for ligand binding to the Ang II receptors, with a focus on interactions with the AT2 receptor. The bioactive conformation of a peptide can provide important guidance in peptidomimetic design. By designing and introducing well-defined secondary structure mimetics into Ang II the bioactive conformation can be addressed. In this work, both γ- and β-turn mimetic scaffolds have been designed and characterized for incorporation into Ang II. Using conformational analysis and the pharmacophore recognition method DISCO, a model was derived of the binding mode of the pseudopeptide Ang II analogues. This model indicated that the positioning of the Arg side chain was important for AT2 receptor binding, which was also supported when the structure–activity relationship of Ang II was investigated by performing a glycine scan. To further examine ligand binding, a 3D model of the AT2 receptor was constructed employing homology modeling. Using this receptor model in a docking study of the ligands, binding modes were identified that were in agreement with data from point-mutation studies of the AT2 receptor. By investigating truncated Ang II analogues, small pseudopeptides were developed that were structurally similar to nonpeptide AT2 receptor ligands. For further guidance in ligand design of nonpeptide compounds, three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship models for AT1 and AT2 receptor affinity as well as selectivity were derived.
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Sköld, Christian. "Computational Modeling of the AT2 Receptor and AT2 Receptor Ligands : Investigating Ligand Binding, Structure–Activity Relationships, and Receptor-Bound Models." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Organic Pharmaceutical Chemistry, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7823.

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Rational conversion of biologically active peptides to nonpeptide compounds with retained activity is an appealing approach in drug development. One important objective of the work presented in this thesis was to use computational modeling to aid in such a conversion of the peptide angiotensin II (Ang II, Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe). An equally important objective was to gain an understanding of the requirements for ligand binding to the Ang II receptors, with a focus on interactions with the AT2 receptor.

The bioactive conformation of a peptide can provide important guidance in peptidomimetic design. By designing and introducing well-defined secondary structure mimetics into Ang II the bioactive conformation can be addressed. In this work, both γ- and β-turn mimetic scaffolds have been designed and characterized for incorporation into Ang II. Using conformational analysis and the pharmacophore recognition method DISCO, a model was derived of the binding mode of the pseudopeptide Ang II analogues. This model indicated that the positioning of the Arg side chain was important for AT2 receptor binding, which was also supported when the structure–activity relationship of Ang II was investigated by performing a glycine scan.

To further examine ligand binding, a 3D model of the AT2 receptor was constructed employing homology modeling. Using this receptor model in a docking study of the ligands, binding modes were identified that were in agreement with data from point-mutation studies of the AT2 receptor.

By investigating truncated Ang II analogues, small pseudopeptides were developed that were structurally similar to nonpeptide AT2 receptor ligands. For further guidance in ligand design of nonpeptide compounds, three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship models for AT1 and AT2 receptor affinity as well as selectivity were derived.

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Andersson, Lovisa. "An application of Bayesian Hidden Markov Models to explore traffic flow conditions in an urban area." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statistiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-385187.

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This study employs Bayesian Hidden Markov Models as method to explore vehicle traffic flow conditions in an urban area in Stockholm, based on sensor data from separate road positions. Inter-arrival times are used as the observed sequences. These sequences of inter-arrival times are assumed to be generated from the distributions of four different (and hidden) traffic flow states; nightly free flow, free flow, mixture and congestion. The filtered and smoothed probability distributions of the hidden states and the most probable state sequences are obtained by using the forward, forward-backward and Viterbi algorithms. The No-U-Turn sampler is used to sample from the posterior distributions of all unknown parameters. The obtained results show in a satisfactory way that the Hidden Markov Models can detect different traffic flow conditions. Some of the models have problems with divergence, but the obtained results from those models still show satisfactory results. In fact, two of the models that converged seemed to overestimate the presence of congested traffic and all the models that not converged seem to do adequate estimations of the probability of being in a congested state. Since the interest of this study lies in estimating the current traffic flow condition, and not in doing parameter inference, the model choice of Bayesian Hidden Markov Models is satisfactory. Due to the unsupervised nature of the problematization of this study, it is difficult to evaluate the accuracy of the results. However, a model with simulated data and known states was also implemented, which resulted in a high classification accuracy. This indicates that the choice of Hidden Markov Models is a good model choice for estimating traffic flow conditions.
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OSIS, NATALIA. "Innovacionnye modeli v dramaturgii Michaila Bulgakova i ich primenenie v postsovetskom teatre na rubeže XX – XXI vekov. Innovative Models in the Playwriting of Mikhail Bulgakov and their Application in Post-Soviet Theatre at the Turn of the Twenty-First Century." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1039514.

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This dissertation examines the innovations that Mikhail Bulgakov introduced into Russian dramaturgy in the 1920s, the gradual changes in the Soviet, theatrical canon which allowed the implementation of these innovative models on the stage, and the application of these models in post-Soviet dramaturgy of the 1990s–2000s. An analysis of both the texts and productions of post-Soviet, Russian plays reveals a certain trend: Bulgakov's innovative methods from the 1920s allowed the contemporary playwright — as well as the reader, director, and production team — to better understand a new type of conflict, one which is especially prevalent at the juncture of two ages — the conflict between man and his era. As a result, Bulgakov's innovative dramatic methods and techniques allowed post-Soviet playwrights to move away from a description of post-Soviet reality to new ways of thinking about the changing times and their place in them.
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Books on the topic "Turn models"

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Mathews, Ray. The tiltable book: Turn the tables on your model railroad. Fuquay-Varina, NC: Triangle Books, 1996.

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Spijker, Arent van 't. The new oil: Using innovative business models to turn data into profit. Basking Ridge, NJ: Technics Publications, 2014.

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When the universe took a u-turn. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2010.

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Poterba, James M. Capital gains tax rules, tax loss trading, and turn-of-the-year returns. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998.

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Frankel, Jeffrey A. Country fund discounts, asymmetric information and the Mexican crisis of 1994: Did local residents turn pessimistic before international investors? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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Behrman, Jere R. Aging and economic opportunities: Major world regions around the turn of the century. Washington, D.C: Inter-American Development Bank, Office of the Chief Economist, 1999.

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Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts, ed. [Turn off the sun]. México, D.F: Fundación Colección Jumex, 2013.

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Romanticism, realism, and the modernist turn. 2nd ed. Madison: WCB Brown & Benchmark, 1995.

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Model minority turns peril: English only! Place of publication not identified]: [Hye Young Park], 2014.

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Lothar, Baumgarten, and Coles Alex, eds. Site-specificity: The ethnographic turn. London: Black Dog Press, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Turn models"

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Gideon, Rudy, and Ronald Pyke. "Markov Renewal Modelling of Poisson Traffic at Intersections having Separate Turn Lanes." In Semi-Markov Models and Applications, 285–310. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3288-6_18.

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Brechenmacher, Frédéric. "Knowing by Drawing: Geometric Material Models in Nineteenth Century France." In Model and Mathematics: From the 19th to the 21st Century, 53–143. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97833-4_2.

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Kerur, Shirish M., Anand K. Hosamani, Sanket I. Benni, Shivangouda Annigeri, Tushar Javali, and Prasadkumar Aralikatti. "Numerical Investigation and Performance Comparison of Double-Tube Helical Heat Exchanger Incorporating Four-Turn and Six-Turn Models Using Several Nanofluids." In Recent Advances in Mechanical Infrastructure, 31–43. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7660-4_3.

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Macnaghten, Phil. "Models of Science Policy: From the Linear Model to Responsible Research and Innovation." In Studies in History and Philosophy of Science, 93–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-91597-1_5.

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AbstractIn this paper I discuss four different paradigms through which science and technology have been governed, situating each in historical context. Starting with the ubiquitous ‘linear model of innovation’ I locate its origins and provenance, how it came to be replaced, at least in part, through a ‘grand challenges’ paradigm of science policy and funding; how this paradigm in turn has been subjected to rigorous analytical critique by a co-production model of science and society, and how it is being put into practice, in part, through a framework of responsible research and innovation.
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Lu, Xingwu, Man Lan, and Yuanbin Wu. "Memory-Based Matching Models for Multi-turn Response Selection in Retrieval-Based Chatbots." In Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, 269–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99495-6_23.

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Rodrigues, Maria, Eleni Zampou, Vasilis Zeimpekis, Alexander Stathacopoulos, Tharsis Teoh, and Georgia Ayfantopoulou. "Cooperative Models for Addressing Urban Freight Challenges: The NOVELOG and U-TURN Approaches." In City Logistics 3, 215–34. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119425472.ch12.

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Jermyn, Deborah, and Anne Jerslev. "The New Model Subject: “Coolness” and the Turn to Older Women Models in Lifestyle and Fashion Advertising." In Ageing Women in Literature and Visual Culture, 217–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63609-2_13.

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Zhou, Kun, Wayne Xin Zhao, Yutao Zhu, Ji-Rong Wen, and Jingsong Yu. "Improving Multi-turn Response Selection Models with Complementary Last-Utterance Selection by Instance Weighting." In Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, 475–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47436-2_36.

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Martín-Artiles, Antonio, Eduardo Chávez-Molina, and Renata Semenza. "Social Models for Dealing with Inequalities." In Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 35–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_2.

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AbstractThis chapter compares social models in Europe and Latin America. The goal is to study the interaction between two institutions: on the one hand, pre-distributive (ex ante) institutions, such as the structure and coverage of collective bargaining and, on the other hand, post-distributive (ex post) institutions, such as unemployment protection and social policy. Pre-distributive institutions are important for correcting inequalities in the labour market, because they introduce guidelines for egalitarian wage structures. Post-distributive institutions help to mitigate inequalities generated in the labour market.The methodology is based on statistical analysis of a series of indicators related to pre and post-distributive policies. The results present three types of model: (1) coordinated economies, typical of neo-corporatist Scandinavian countries; (2) mixed economies, typical of Mediterranean systems, and (3) uncoordinated economies, which equate to liberalism and the Latin American ‘structural heterogeneity’ model. It is neo-corporatist coordinated economies that generate the most pre and post-distributive equality. In turn, uncoordinated economies, and Latin American ones in particular, generate more inequalities due to highly informal employment and the weakness of their post-distributive institutions.
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Cohen, Albert, Wolfgang Dahmen, and Ron DeVore. "State Estimation—The Role of Reduced Models." In SEMA SIMAI Springer Series, 57–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86236-7_4.

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AbstractThe exploration of complex physical or technological processes usually requires exploiting available information from different sources: (i) physical laws often represented as a family of parameter dependent partial differential equations and (ii) data provided by measurement devices or sensors. The amount of sensors is typically limited and data acquisition may be expensive and in some cases even harmful. This article reviews some recent developments for this “small-data” scenario where inversion is strongly aggravated by the typically large parametric dimensionality. The proposed concepts may be viewed as exploring alternatives to Bayesian inversion in favor of more deterministic accuracy quantification related to the required computational complexity. We discuss optimality criteria which delineate intrinsic information limits, and highlight the role of reduced models for developing efficient computational strategies. In particular, the need to adapt the reduced models—not to a specific (possibly noisy) data set but rather to the sensor system—is a central theme. This, in turn, is facilitated by exploiting geometric perspectives based on proper stable variational formulations of the continuous model.
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Conference papers on the topic "Turn models"

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Leutwyler, Zachary, Emil Leutwyler, and Neal Estep. "AOV Quarter-Turn Efficiency Models and Validation." In ASME/NRC 2014 12th Valves, Pumps, and Inservice Testing Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nrc2014-5031.

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Common quarter-turn (QT) mechanisms used in nuclear plant air-operated valves (AOVs) include scotch yoke, lever, and link-and-lever mechanisms coupled to diaphragms and pistons. QT mechanism efficiency varies as a function of valve position and is a critical design input used to determine AOV margin. Because of the lack of publicly available data of a quality commensurate with “nuclear QA [quality assurance],” Kalsi Engineering, Inc. (KEI), initiated an independent QT-mechanism efficiency test program that includes a number of commonly used actuator manufacturers, models, and sizes based on a survey of U.S. nuclear power plants. The first test specimen was a diaphragm actuator with a lever QT mechanism. The diaphragm rod of the test specimen was instrumented with strain gauges so that a direct measurement of the net actuator force transmitted to the QT mechanism could be measured. In addition to the net thrust, the output torque, diaphragm pressure, and actuator position were measured. Measuring the net thrust, diaphragm pressure, and position allowed the spring rate, spring preload, and effective diaphragm area to be quantified. This test specimen was tested using two different types of bearings at the actuator shaft-to-lever connection. Needle bearings were used to provide torque results for a nearly frictionless QT mechanism, and bronze bearings were used to simulate a more realistic QT-mechanism configuration. Predictions made using the first-principles efficiency model are compared to efficiencies extracted from test. The predicted efficiency using a realistic range for the friction coefficient of the bronze bearings is in good agreement with the extracted efficiencies. Paper published with permission.
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Laskowski, Kornel. "On the conversant-specificity of stochastic turn-taking models." In Interspeech 2014. ISCA: ISCA, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2014-461.

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Laskowski, Kornel. "Exploiting loudness dynamics in stochastic models of turn-taking." In 2012 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/slt.2012.6424201.

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Laskowski, Kornel, and Elizabeth Shriberg. "Corpus-independent history compression for stochastic turn-taking models." In ICASSP 2012 - 2012 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icassp.2012.6289027.

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Fusella, Edoardo, and Alessandro Cilardo. "Understanding turn models for adaptive routing: The modular approach." In 2018 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/date.2018.8342245.

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Qiu, Jie, Peng Wang, Jianguo Gou, and Junying Qiu. "Research on Models for Multi-turn Task-oriented Dialogue Systems." In 2019 Chinese Automation Congress (CAC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cac48633.2019.8996764.

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Djukic, Nenad, Laurentiu Encica, and Johannes J. H. Paulides. "Electrical machines: Comparison of existing analytical models and FEM for calculation of turn-to-turn capacitance in formed windings." In 2016 Eleventh International Conference on Ecological Vehicles and Renewable Energies (EVER). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ever.2016.7476427.

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Zhou, Rong, Kemin Zhou, Menghua Wu, and Jing Teng. "Improved Interactive Multiple Models Based on Self-Adaptive Turn Model for Maneuvering Target Tracking." In 2018 Eighth International Conference on Information Science and Technology (ICIST). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icist.2018.8426186.

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Lu, Junyu, Xiancong Ren, Yazhou Ren, Ao Liu, and Zenglin Xu. "Improving Contextual Language Models for Response Retrieval in Multi-Turn Conversation." In SIGIR '20: The 43rd International ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in Information Retrieval. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3397271.3401255.

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Schlangen, David. "From reaction to prediction: experiments with computational models of turn-taking." In Interspeech 2006. ISCA: ISCA, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21437/interspeech.2006-550.

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Reports on the topic "Turn models"

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Bevelander, Pieter, and Henrik Emilsson. One size fits all? : Integration approaches for beneficiaries of international protection. Malmö university, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178771745.

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This thematic paper deals with integration policies concerning persons who aregranted international protection in EU Member States. It acknowledges that there are two general trends in integration policies - a civic turn and a local turn. The civic turn implies more integration requirements for migrants, decided upon by the state, that have an impact on the legal status of migrant newcomers. On the other hand, the local turn implies less national involvement with cities instead handling more of the integration policies, including funding and policy measures. The paper then describes four different models for the integration of beneficiaries of international protection: a national government-led model, a project based/multilevel governance model, a laissez-faire model, and a NGO-led model.
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Bilovska, Natalia. TACTICS OF APPROACHING THE AUTHOR CLOSER TO THE READER: INTERACTIVE COOPERATION. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11408.

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The article clarifies the features of interactive relationships, which are modeled by the addresser of modern media text for maximum impact on the addressee. The author controls the perception of the text, focusing on linguistic competence and an objective picture of the reader’s world. A pragmatic approach to journalistic text makes it possible to identify explicit and implicit forms of dialogue: modeling feedback and interactive settings that can turn a hypothetical reader into a real one, adapting to the addressee’s language thesaurus. Discursive openness to the exchange of views with the addressee leads to the fact that the entire media text becomes a guarantee of commonality of addresser-addressee interpretations. The difference between the addresser and the addressee is minimized, their connection is strengthened through the combination of linguistic consciousness, which, in turn, forms a special structure and semantics of the journalistic text, in which the emphasis is not on I but on the Other. The addressee in some implicit or explicit form is always in all segments of the media text, and the author establishes a trusting relationship with the reader through the phatic linguistic means that the addressee relates to himself. Approaching the addressee is a sign of modern journalistic texts, which show a tendency to dialogue and democratization of forms of mass communication, and their characteristic feature is the actualization in the center of attention of the addressee, latent (mediated by written text) dialogue with which is modeled as real. The addressee in the process of establishing contact with the author of the media text also becomes the part of broad cognitive space. This opportunity is realized if the journalist has different types of competence – communicative and procedural, that is, is able to compare their own thesaurus, their own knowledge with the thesaurus and the picture of the world of his reader. Modern journalism is characterized by the search for contact with the addressee and new effective models of influence and intimacy of relationships that contribute to the creation of a single cognitive space for both, which, in turn, will allow the recipient to move from knowledge to understanding.
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Xi Yang. Beam diagnostics via model independent analysis of the turn-by-turn BPM data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/827743.

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Nishimura, Masatsugu, Yoshitaka Tezuka, Enrico Picotti, Mattia Bruschetta, Francesco Ambrogi, and Toru Yoshii. Study of Rider Model for Motorcycle Racing Simulation. SAE International, January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2019-32-0572.

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Various rider models have been proposed that provide control inputs for the simulation of motorcycle dynamics. However, those models are mostly used to simulate production motorcycles, so they assume that all motions are in the linear region such as those in a constant radius turn. As such, their performance is insufficient for simulating racing motorcycles that experience quick acceleration and braking. Therefore, this study proposes a new rider model for racing simulation that incorporates Nonlinear Model Predictive Control. In developing this model, it was built on the premise that it can cope with running conditions that lose contact with the front wheels or rear wheels so-called "endo" and "wheelie", which often occur during running with large acceleration or deceleration assuming a race. For the control inputs to the vehicle, we incorporated the lateral shift of the rider's center of gravity in addition to the normally used inputs such as the steering angle, throttle position, and braking force. We compared the performance of the new model with that of the conventional model under constant radius cornering and straight braking, as well as complex braking and acceleration in a single (hairpin) corner that represented a racing run. The results showed that the new rider model outperformed the conventional model, especially in the wider range of running speed usable for a simulation. In addition, we compared the simulation results for complex braking and acceleration in a single hairpin corner produced by the new model with data from an actual race and verified that the new model was able to accurately simulate the run of actual MotoGP riders.
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Amengual, Dante, Xinyue Bei, Marine Carrasco, and Enrique Sentana. Score-type tests for normal mixtures. CIRANO, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/uxsg1990.

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Testing normality against discrete normal mixtures is complex because some parameters turn increasingly underidentified along alternative ways of approaching the null, others are inequality constrained, and several higher-order derivatives become identically 0. These problems make the maximum of the alternative model log-likelihood function numerically unreliable. We propose score-type tests asymptotically equivalent to the likelihood ratio as the largest of two simple intuitive statistics that only require estimation under the null. One novelty of our approach is that we treat symmetrically both ways of writing the null hypothesis without excluding any region of the parameter space. We derive the asymptotic distribution of our tests under the null and sequences of local alternatives. We also show that their asymptotic distribution is the same whether applied to observations or standardized residuals from heteroskedastic regression models. Finally, we study their power in simulations and apply them to the residuals of Mincer earnings functions.
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Vestergaard, Jakob. Monetary Policy for the Climate? A Money View Perspective on Green Central Banking. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp188.

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Central banks can potentially influence the investment decisions of private financial institutions, which in turn will create incentives towards green technology adoption and development of lower emission business models. This paper examines how monetary policies can be deployed to promote a greening of finance. To guide the efforts, the paper mobilizes the Money View literature. This enables a comparative assessment of different monetary policy options. The main finding is that a promising way forward for green monetary policy is to adopt a strategy of expanding collateral eligibility through positive screening and widening haircut spreads to change relative incentives in favor of green over brown assets.
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Snyder, Claire, Christina T. Yuan, Renee F. Wilson, Katherine Smith, Youngjee Choi, Paul C. Nathan, Allen Zhang, and Karen A. Robinson. Models of Care That Include Primary Care for Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Realist Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcrealistmodelsofcare.

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Objectives. We had two aims: (1) identify and analyze models of survivorship care for adult survivors of childhood cancer that include primary care, and (2) identify available tools, training, and other resources for adult survivors of childhood cancer. Methods. For each aim, we used realist synthesis to provide insights on how and for whom, in what contexts, and via what mechanisms the models of care and resources we identified can be effective for adult survivors of childhood cancer. We developed an initial program theory through searches of the literature and discussions with Stakeholders. We then identified and summarized quantitative evidence that supported or refuted the theory and developed specific hypotheses about how contexts and mechanisms may interact to produce outcomes (i.e., “CMO” hypotheses). The final program theory and CMO hypotheses were presented to Stakeholders for feedback. Results. Our final refined theory describes how, within the overall environment, survivor and provider characteristics and facilitators/barriers interact to produce intermediate and final outcomes. We focus on the role of models of care and resources (e.g., care plans) in these interactions. The program theory variables seen most consistently in the literature include oncology care versus primary care, survivor and provider knowledge (i.e., survivor risks and needs), provider comfort treating childhood cancer survivors, communication and coordination between and among providers and survivors, and delivery/receipt of prevention and surveillance of late effects of original cancer treatment. In turn, these variables played the most prominent role in the seven CMO hypotheses (4 focused on survivors and 3 focused on providers) regarding what works for whom and in what circumstances. Conclusions. To enable models of care that include primary care for adult survivors of childhood cancer, there needs to be communication of knowledge to both survivors and primary care providers. Our program theory provides guidance on the ways this knowledge could be shared, including the role of resources in doing so, and our CMO hypotheses suggest how the relationships illustrated in our theory could be associated with survivors living longer and feeling better through high-value care.
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Bravo-Ureta, Boris E., Eric Njuki, Ana Claudia Palacios, and Lina Salazar. Agricultural Productivity in El Salvador: A Preliminary Analysis. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004020.

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The need to enhance food security while reducing poverty along with the growing threat imposed by climate change clearly reveal that it is imperative to accelerate agricultural productivity growth. This paper estimates micro-level production models to identify the major factors that have contributed to productivity growth in El Salvador, including irrigation, purchased inputs, mechanization, technical assistance, and farm size, among others. The econometric framework adopted in this investigation is grounded on recent panel data stochastic production frontier methodologies. The results obtained from the estimation of these models are used to calculate Total Factor Productivity (TFP) change and to decompose such change into different factors, including technological progress, technical efficiency (TE), and economies of scale. The findings imply that efforts are needed to improve productivity in both technological progress and technical efficiency where the latter is a measurement of managerial performance. This in turn indicates that resources should be devoted to promoting the adoption and diffusion of improved technologies while enhancing managerial capabilities through agricultural extension.
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Kinikles, Dellena, and John McCartney. Hyperbolic Hydro-mechanical Model for Seismic Compression Prediction of Unsaturated Soils in the Funicular Regime. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/yunw7668.

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A semi-empirical elasto-plastic constitutive model with a hyperbolic stress-strain curve was developed with the goal of predicting the seismic compression of unsaturated sands in the funicular regime of the soil-water retention curve (SWRC) during undrained cyclic shearing. Using a flow rule derived from energy considerations, the evolution in plastic volumetric strain (seismic compression) was predicted from the plastic shear strains of the hysteretic hyperbolic stress-strain curve. The plastic volumetric strains are used to predict the changes in degree of saturation from phase relationships and changes in pore air pressure from Boyle’s and Henry’s laws. The degree of saturation was used to estimate changes in matric suction from the transient scanning paths of the SWRC. Changes in small-strain shear modulus estimated from changes in mean effective stress computed from the constant total stress and changes in pore air pressure, degree of saturation and matric suction, in turn affect the hyperbolic stress-strain curve’s shape and the evolution in plastic volumetric strain. The model was calibrated using experimental shear stress-strain backbone curves from drained cyclic simple shear tests and transient SWRC scanning path measurements from undrained cyclic simple shear tests. Then the model predictions were validated using experimental data from undrained cyclic simple shear tests on unsaturated sand specimens with different initial degrees of saturation in the funicular regime. While the model captured the coupled evolution in hydro-mechanical variables (pore air pressure, pore water pressure, matric suction, degree of saturation, volumetric strain, effective stress, shear modulus) well over the first 15 cycles of shearing, the predictions were less accurate after continued cyclic shearing up to 200 cycles. After large numbers of cycles of undrained shearing, a linear decreasing trend between seismic compression and initial degree of saturation was predicted from the model while a nonlinear increasing-decreasing trend was observed in the cyclic simple shear experiments. This discrepancy may be due to not considering post shearing reconsolidation in the model, calibration of model parameters, or experimental issues including a drift in the position of the hysteretic shear-stress strain curve. Nonetheless, the trend from the model is consistent with predictions from previously- developed empirical models in the funicular regime of the SWRC. The developments of the new mechanistic model developed in this study will play a key role in the future development of a holistic model for predicting the seismic compression across all regimes of the SWRC.
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Nakatsuka, Fuyuki, Shuji Watanabe, Taro Sekine, Michiharu Okano, Youji Shimizu, Yuji Takada, and Osamu Shimoyama. Event-Driven Model on Driving Behavior in the Left Turn. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, September 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0621.

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