Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Turkmenistan'
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1
Geiß, Paul Georg. "Regionalismus und Staatlichkeit in Turkmenistan." Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2007/1165/.
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Regionalism in Central Asia is often identified with the dominance of tribal
affiliations in politics. This classification, however, is problematic because it
neglects the extent of social change under the Soviet rule. In Soviet Turkmenistan
state structures were relatively strong. However, personal relations within
the Communist party had preserved patrimonial elements within the state. The
dissolution of the Soviet Union led to a stronger patrimonialization of authority
relations. In Turkmenistan, this process led to an extreme form of a neo-patrimonial state due to the personal and arbitrary rule of its president Nijazov.
2
Ashirova, Aygul. "Stalinismus und Stalin-Kult in Zentralasien Turkmenistan 1924 - 1953." Stuttgart Ibidem-Verl, 2008. http://d-nb.info/994352379/04.
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Mills, Courtney. "Turkmenbashy : the propagation of personal rule in contemporary Turkmenistan /." St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/345.
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Mills, Courtney Anne. "Turkmenbashy : the propagation of personal rule in contemporary Turkmenistan." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/345.
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Turkmenistan President Saparmurat Niyazov (known as Turkmenbashy, or “father of Turkmens”), the longest-serving leader in post-Soviet space, has ruled his country with increasing repression and megalomaniacal idiosyncrasy over the past decade. Under Niyazov’s rule, alternative political parties have been banned, non-official religions persecuted, and free media outlets closed. State institutions, subsumed by the expansive presidency, are characterized by constant personnel purges and an arbitrary management style, and have become increasingly dysfunctional. Grandiose marble state buildings, large museums and golden presidential statues dominate Ashgabat, Turkmenistan’s capital. Socioeconomic indicators, however, are at low levels, and poverty and unemployment have reached new highs. Niyazov has formulated, transmitted and imposed a new Turkmen national program as a method of political legitimation. This “pseudo-ideology” has been elaborated since independence in a series of texts published under the president’s name—Niyazov’s quasi-spiritual works are required reading throughout all levels of education in Turkmenistan and are heavily propagated through official mass media and cultural associations. This thesis seeks to understand the forms that the legitimation program has taken, Niyazov’s methods of propagation, and the ways in which the regime’s program resembles those of similar historical regimes. Turkmenistan, which appears to closely approximate the ideal type of a sultanistic regime (as defined by Juan Linz), is described in this thesis with reference to cases of sultanistic leadership from the post-colonial period in sub-Saharan Africa. This thesis examines in turn Niyazov’s use of official ritual and symbolism, media and education, historical revision, and architecture to secure normative compliance. Historical references help to contextualize a discussion of Turkmenistan, an often-overlooked country in post-Soviet Central Asia, but one that promises to grow in strategic importance due to its geopolitical location and bounty of natural resources.
5
Coolidge, Jennifer Whitney. "Southern Turkmenistan in the Neolithic : a petrographic case study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394977.
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Coolidge, J. W. "Southern Turkmenistan in the Neolithic a petrographic case study /." Oxford : Archaeopress, 2005. http://books.google.com/books?id=BjVmAAAAMAAJ.
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Axenov, Serge. "The Balochi language of Turkmenistan : a corpus-based grammatical description /." Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Universitetsbiblioteket [distributör], 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-7427.
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Laube, Pavel. "Region Střední Asie a jeho význam v kontextu energetické bezpečnosti." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136362.
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The study works with the paradigm of energy security of supply in the context of three Central Asian republics; Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. It focus on the relations related to gas and oil. The subjects are analyzed from the point of their own energy strategy, institutions' efficiency as well as position in the energy market. The analysis deals with the main external actors; Russia, China and European Union. A great stress is laid on the evolution in gas and oil trading and the energy infrastructure in the region. Problems of relation between energy, security and politics are included. I try to cover the main trends in the gas and oil market and put them in the context of Central Asia. My conclusions limit the popular scheme of russian dominance and stress the growing cooperation with China, in contrast to EU. However, the growing interconnection of the euroasian gas market is also very important.
9
Heinritz, Katrin. ""Defekte Demokratisierung" - ein Weg zur Diktatur? : Turkmenistan und die Republik Sacha (Jakutien) in der Russischen Föderation nach dem Ende der Sowjetunion /." Thesis, Frankfurt am Main : Lang, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016364536&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Hanova, Selbi. "Understanding Central Asian cooperation through state narratives : cases of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11096.
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This thesis examines the influence of state identity narratives on regional cooperation frameworks in Central Asia. It applies the perspectives of ontological security theory to the self-articulation of state identities of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan to decipher socialization mechanisms in each of the cases. Consequently, it traces the routinization of the state narratives of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan toward the region and regional organizations. Ontological security theory argues that, in addition to physical security, states seek ideational security, security of identity and security of being. Using a grounded theory approach to study the formation of the state narratives of Kyrgyzstan and of Turkmenistan and utilizing official and media sources and interviews conducted during fieldwork, the thesis analyzes the process of routinization of state identity narratives, showcasing the narrators, the narratives and the processes of self-articulation. The key process that is traced is the routinization of the state narratives, i.e. the sequence of repeated actions (inter-textualized through speech acts and textual references) that transform the self-articulated stories of the states into the realm of the habitual. This process of routinization is then analyzed within the regional context, examining how these routinized narratives influence inter-state cooperation in Central Asia. As such, the thesis contributes to two main bodies of literature: the growing literature on the ideational aspects of regional cooperation in Central Asia; and existing research on the role of state identification practices in the foreign policies of Central Asian states.
11
Clement, Victoria. "The politics of script reform in Soviet Turkmenistan: alphabet and national identity formation." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1399625234.
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Markofsky, S. "Illuminating the Black Sands : survey and settlement in the Bronze Age Murghab Delta, Turkmenistan." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2010. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/770433/.
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This thesis examines the Bronze Age settlement distribution in the Lower Murghab Delta, Turkmenistan. The delta represents a visually obstructed landscape in which the reconstruction of past archaeological patterns is extremely difficult. Drawing on concepts of distributional archaeology and 'siteless surveys', the research focuses on the distribution of surface pottery as the primary dataset in an examination of local and regional settlement distributions and their significance with respect to the proto-urban landscape of the delta. The survey data is assessed within the context of past and present landscapes, examining issues of visibility and recovery potential en route to a better understanding of the archaeological significance of the Bronze Age settlement pattern. While the central trajectory of the thesis is to address these issues, a secondary goal is to examine the nature of survey itself in the region. The field results are therefore considered in light of earlier Soviet/Russian and Italian research in the Murghab, assessing the effectiveness of that work and the research potential of intensive survey in the region. In addressing these questions, newer methodologies that incorporate spatial analysis and remote sensing data are examined, both on their own merits and as adjunct methods to support field survey. Ultimately, these questions are synthesised in order to examine the relationships between surface distributions and the landscape, and ultimately to better understand settlement phenomena in the northern Murghab.
13
Abdurahmonov, Ahad. "The role of energy resources in foreign policy behavior of small states a comparative study of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan /." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=2065747431&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Annaklycheva, Jamal. "Combating desertification in Turkmenistan on the grass roots level example of the central karakum desert /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2002. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=964465272.
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Alpaslan, Canan. "State, Society And Culture In Turkmenistan: The Policies Of Propaganda Under The Rule Of Turkmenbashi." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611798/index.pdf.
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This thesis analyzes the official propaganda campaign carried out under the rule of President Saparmurat (Niyazov) Turkmenbashi in Turkmenistan. Following a brief overview of the historical evolution of the state, society and culture in
Turkmenistan to provide a better understanding of the social and historical context in which propaganda was pursuedthe main objectives and themes of the propaganda campaign are discussed. Besides other means of propaganda, Rukhnama, the spirit-book of Turkmen written by Turkmenbashi, and women are examined in greater detail as case studies of basic means of propaganda. The thesis finally discusses the outcomes of the propaganda campaign together with a glance at the changes and continuities displayed in policies of Gurbanguly Berdymukhammedov, the successor of Turkmenbashi.
16
Yazlyyev, Begench. "Analysis of Development Aid Management in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan: Understanding Donor-Recipient Relations in Comparative Perspective." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39632.
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Both Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan were part of the former Soviet Union and were integrated into its political, economic and governance systems. As Union republics, they remained isolated from the outside world, with little direct interaction with external actors. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, both Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan established relations with a number of bilateral donors and multilateral development agencies. Despite their many similarities (e.g., social, cultural, religious, linguistic, geographic) and a shared history, the two countries’ post-Soviet development trajectories diverged dramatically. While Kyrgyzstan quickly launched transition reforms, liberalizing its economy and polity with support from external donors, Turkmenistan adopted a more gradual approach to political and economic reform and managed to minimize the influence of external actors in domestic affairs.
This thesis analyzes the donor-recipient interaction in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan across three sectors: governance, rural development, and environment. The analysis focuses on the management of aid through an anthropological, political economy-directed inquiry of relations between foreign donors and aid recipients at the micro level (daily interactions in managing aid). Collective action theory, evolutionary theory and adaptive behavior approaches are utilized to analyze the interaction on micro-level. However, the analysis is also situated in a broader, macro-level context of development and security priorities of the two states, for which the realist branch of the international relations theories is applied. Methodologically, the study is based on the triangulation of findings from various sources, including the content analysis of primary and secondary sources as well as the analysis of over 60 semi-structured interviews involving government and donor officials from the two countries.
The thesis does not attempt to analyze whether development aid was effective. Instead, using similar analyses of aid interactions (Mosse, 2005; Swedlund, 2017), this thesis aims to investigate how aid interactions ‘happen’ (Wedel, 1998). While I agree that the sustainability of development aid is hampered by the inability of both donors and recipients to ‘make credible commitments’ (Swedlund, 2017), in this thesis I argue that aid interactions are also influenced by other factors, namely the political sensitivity of the sectors to which the aid is given (governance, rural development, environment), regime characteristics, availability or absence of natural resource-based revenues, and geopolitics. These factors, taken together, affect the aid bargaining process in important ways. The thesis makes a three-fold contribution to the existing knowledge on aid relations. First, it expands the knowledge on the agency of recipient governments by putting them at the core of the analysis. Second, it contributes to the very limited number of cross-sectoral and cross-country comparative studies on both aid management and on public policy making in general and in Central Asia in particular. Thirdly, it provides a detailed account of how development aid has been managed in Turkmenistan, a country on which no serious academic literature related to aid management has been produced to date.
17
Clement, Victoria. "Rewriting the "Nation" Turkmen literacy, language, and power, 1904-2004 /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1133456057.
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18
Denison, Michael John. "Why do sultanistic regimes arise and persist? : a study of government in the republic of Turkmenistan, 1992-2006." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12730/.
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This thesis investigates why extreme forms of personal rule arise and endure in the contemporary international system. More particularly, it seeks to answer the puzzle of why the regime of President Saparmurat Niyazov (Turkmenbashi), in the Central Asian republic of Turkmenistan, has paradoxically proven to be one of the region's most stable states between 1992 and 2006, notwithstanding the fact that it is characterised by Niyazov's unchecked personal power, barely functional political institutions, endemic corruption and a pervasive cult of personality. The study develops the theoretical approach most commonly applied to this type of regime and produces an original empirical study of a strategically important gas-rich state that has hitherto received almost no attention from the academic community. Specifically, the thesis engages with two theories of sultanistic regimes advanced in 1990 by H.E. Chehabi and Juan J. Linz. The research findings demonstrate that, while the essential insights of the theories remain valid, they require careful revision and refinement if they are to successfully incorporate postcommunist regimes into their paradigm. The project uses a mixture of interviews, field observation, and primary and secondary documents to answer the research problem. It finds that the structural legacies of the pre Soviet and Soviet period, allied to a favourable strategic context, enabled Niyazov to secure power and sideline potential rivals. The thesis argues that a combination of different domestic control techniques, of which the cult of personality forms an essential part, has been deployed by Niyazov to maintain his position. Taken together, these techniques form a 'disciplinary-symbolic' nexus aimed at preventing the emergence of opposition groups, while simultaneously promoting Niyazov as the sole guarantor of national unity and prosperity. The thesis also explores popular responses to sultanism, concluding that Turkmen adopt a complex and contradictory web of personal strategies in their dealings with the regime, ranging from engagement, accommodation and indifference, through to covert resistance and outright opposition. Finally, the thesis assesses the interaction between sultanistic regimes and external actors. It finds that, far from exposing rulers to greater pressure from the international community, the end of the Cold War actually increased the autonomy of many sultanistic rulers. No longer shackled by the disciplines of superpower patronage, most sultanistic rulers, including Niyazov, have been able to function with minimal constraints on their domestic behaviour.
19
Роденко, Алла Вікторівна, Алла Викторовна Роденко, Alla Viktorivna Rodenko, and Р. Хайдарова. "Традиции и обычаи туркменского народа в прошлом и настоящем." Thesis, Сумской государственный университет, 2015. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/43989.
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Основными отличительными чертами этноса являются присущие ему традиции и обычаи. Сформированные на ранних стадиях развития человеческого общества, они сохраняют свою историческую значимость, являются частью современной жизни, выполняя воспитательную, эстетическую функции, оказывая влияние на мировоззрение и поведение представителей того или иного народа.
Туркменистан – страна, в которой особенно бережно относятся к дошедшим до настоящего времени традициям и обычаям, многие из которых сложились под влиянием религии. И это не случайно: в Туркменистане достаточно строго соблюдаются законы шариата, служащие своеобразными правилами, обязательными для всех. Исламская религия играла важнейшую роль в становлении туркменских традиций на протяжении веков. Она и сейчас составляет основу жизни населения, в том числе и молодежи. Мусульманские обряды и обычаи стали общенациональными и соблюдаются практически всем коренным населением Туркменистана.
20
Джумаев, М. "Особенности международных торговых отношений Украины и Туркменистана." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33995.
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Современный уровень развития экономики и научно–технического прогресса обязывает все страны искать пути взаимодействия между собой для реализации экономической функции государства. В связи с развитием международных отношений и международной торговли вопрос о перспективах дальнейшего сотрудничества становиться все более актуальным.
При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/33995
21
Gurewitsch, Wladimir. "Vorwärts - in die Vergangenheit. Zum Schicksal der turkmenischen Musik." Gudrun Schröder, 2004. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21250.
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Mein Bericht berührt ein Thema, das geographisch über die Grenzen
Europas hinausgeht: Turkmenistan liegt bekanntlich in Zentralasien.
Auch wenn die Entwicklungsspezifik des postsowjetischen geopolitischen
Raumes dazu führte, dass sie territorial zu Asien gehören,
neigen die ehemaligen mittelasiatischen Sowjetrepubliken gleichzeitig
traditionsgemäß zur europäischen Seite und zu den europäischen
Institutionen. Ihr Beitritt zur Organisation für Sicherheit und Zusammenarbeit
in Europa darf niemanden wundern: So ist die Realität, die natürlich in erster Linie mit der
sowjetischen Periode ihrer Geschichte verbunden ist. Aber nicht dies brachte mich auf den
Gedanken, das Thema zu beleuchten, auf das ich hier aufmerksam
machen möchte. Es geht darum, dass wir heutzutage, zu Beginn des
21. Jahrhunderts, in Turkmenistan auf ein erstaunliches Phänomen
treffen: auf den Versuch eines aus den Scherben des sowjetischen Systems
hervorgegangenen autoritären Regimes, den natürlichen Gang
der Entwicklung der nationalen Kultur als Ganzes und der Musikkultur
im Einzelnen umzukehren, anzuhalten und bis zur Unkenntlichkeit
zu verfälschen.
22
Якубов, И. "Правовое регулирование экспорта нефтепродуктов Туркменистана." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34016.
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Актуальность темы экспорта Туркменистаном нефти и газа определяется возрастающей ролью Туркменистана в международных отношениях на глобальном и особенно региональном уровне, а также в мировой экономике – как поставщика, прежде всего, газа для набирающего силу в экономическом отношении Китая, а в перспективе Индии и стран Евросоюза.
При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34016
23
Batten, Thomas. "Two Caspian Sea Resource Rich Countries Encounter the East-West Rift: A Comparative Analysis of the Foreign Policy Objectives of Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan in a Turbulent Region." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26519853.
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This study examines the foreign policy decisions of Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan in the complex international relations environment of the Caspian Sea region. Specifically, this investigation attempts to answer how regional and global international relations are affected due to the decisions made by these two small energy-rich Caspian Sea countries straddling the saltwater basin. Additionally, Russia has demonstrated that it considers the Russian near abroad to be under its sphere of influence and the future plans that Moscow may have for the region are uncertain. China, the West, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Iran, India, Israel, and Georgia all play a role too, and from this cauldron of interests the leaders of the two Caspian Sea countries must choose their path. Turkmenistan and Azerbaijan are playing delicate balancing acts within their increasingly complex foreign affairs environments. Moreover, each of these two countries is slowly moving in an opposite direction, Turkmenistan is meandering to the East while Azerbaijan continues to look to the West with certain caveats. Conflicting goals of global and regional powers make missteps dangerous. A complex model including variables of identity, geography, resource, and legacy path dependency explains the actions of west-facing Azerbaijan and isolated Turkmenistan. Thus far Turkmenistan has ably negotiated to improve its circumstance as it drifts towards China. Azerbaijan is in a more precarious position and a future conflict is a possibility.
24
Кувандиков, Руслан Джумалгелдійович, Ruslan Dzhumalheldiiovych Kuvandykov, Сергій Іванович Сюткін, and Serhii Ivanovych Siutkin. "Типізація еколого-географічних проблем (на прикладі Туркменістану)." СумДПУ імені А. С. Макаренка, 2019. http://repository.sspu.sumy.ua/handle/123456789/7394.
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Автори пропагують переваги географічного підходу до вивчення екологічних проблем та комплексну уяву про довкілля як триєдність його природної, соціальної та економічної складових. Наводяться приклади з досвіду господарської діяльності Туркменістану.Authors tell about advantages of the geographical approach to studying ecological problems and complex imagination about the environment as a trinity of its natural, social and economical components. Examples are taken from Turkmenistan experience in agricultural activities.
25
CANCARINI, DAVIDE. "LA GEOPOLITICA DELL'ENERGIA IN ASIA CENTRALE DOPO IL DISSOLVIMENTO DELL'UNIONE SOVIETICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11376.
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Il dissolvimento dell'Unione Sovietica, alla fine del 1991, ha avuto un impatto di straordinaria rilevanza sull'Asia Centrale. Se il controllo di Mosca sull'area portò alla formazione di entità statuali con confini artificiali e caratterizzate dalla presenza al loro interno di un intricatissimo melting pot etnico, il crollo dell'Urss ha fatto sorgere un inedito scenario geopolitico. Il vuoto di potere registrato nel centro asiatico, infatti, ha generato una serrata competizione diplomatica tra i principali attori del sistema internazionale, ansiosi di accrescere la propria influenza sulla regione. Ciò sulla base dei principali fattori della sua rilevanza strategica, primo fra tutti quello energetico. Prendendo le mosse da tali considerazioni, il progetto di ricerca – utilizzando un approccio storico-politico – mira ad analizzare la geopolitica dell'energia relativamente al Turkmenistan, paese che dispone delle quarte riserve mondiali di gas naturale. Sulla base, da un lato, delle peculiari caratteristiche di tale risorsa e, dall'altro, dell'impatto del suo possesso sulla sfera politica interna e la proiezione internazionale della Repubblica centro asiatica, ci si propone di stabilire se quest'ultima abbia la possibilità di accrescere in futuro il proprio ruolo geopolitico, diventando un attore al centro delle dinamiche strategiche regionali e globali.The crumbling of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 has represented a decisive moment for Central Asia. Moscow's control over the area favoured the formation of state actors characterized by artificial frontiers and an extraordinary ethnic mix. On the other hand, the soviet dissolution has led to a new geopolitical situation. The lack of power experimented in the region has generated an international diplomatic race, with the main state actors eager to increase their influence over Central Asia. This mainly due to the strategic relevance of the area, especially related to the energy dimension. By starting from these assumptions, the research project aims to analyze – by adopting an historical-political approach – the geopolitics of energy with reference to Turkmenistan, a country that has at its disposal the fourth biggest reserves of natural gas globally. On the basis of the specific properties of this raw material on the one hand, and of the impact of its possession on the turkmen political sphere, on the other, the issue is defined. The goal is to establish whether Turkmenistan has the chance to increase its future geopolitical role, becoming an actor at the heart of regional and global strategic dynamics.
26
CANCARINI, DAVIDE. "LA GEOPOLITICA DELL'ENERGIA IN ASIA CENTRALE DOPO IL DISSOLVIMENTO DELL'UNIONE SOVIETICA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/11376.
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Il dissolvimento dell'Unione Sovietica, alla fine del 1991, ha avuto un impatto di straordinaria rilevanza sull'Asia Centrale. Se il controllo di Mosca sull'area portò alla formazione di entità statuali con confini artificiali e caratterizzate dalla presenza al loro interno di un intricatissimo melting pot etnico, il crollo dell'Urss ha fatto sorgere un inedito scenario geopolitico. Il vuoto di potere registrato nel centro asiatico, infatti, ha generato una serrata competizione diplomatica tra i principali attori del sistema internazionale, ansiosi di accrescere la propria influenza sulla regione. Ciò sulla base dei principali fattori della sua rilevanza strategica, primo fra tutti quello energetico. Prendendo le mosse da tali considerazioni, il progetto di ricerca – utilizzando un approccio storico-politico – mira ad analizzare la geopolitica dell'energia relativamente al Turkmenistan, paese che dispone delle quarte riserve mondiali di gas naturale. Sulla base, da un lato, delle peculiari caratteristiche di tale risorsa e, dall'altro, dell'impatto del suo possesso sulla sfera politica interna e la proiezione internazionale della Repubblica centro asiatica, ci si propone di stabilire se quest'ultima abbia la possibilità di accrescere in futuro il proprio ruolo geopolitico, diventando un attore al centro delle dinamiche strategiche regionali e globali.The crumbling of the Soviet Union at the end of 1991 has represented a decisive moment for Central Asia. Moscow's control over the area favoured the formation of state actors characterized by artificial frontiers and an extraordinary ethnic mix. On the other hand, the soviet dissolution has led to a new geopolitical situation. The lack of power experimented in the region has generated an international diplomatic race, with the main state actors eager to increase their influence over Central Asia. This mainly due to the strategic relevance of the area, especially related to the energy dimension. By starting from these assumptions, the research project aims to analyze – by adopting an historical-political approach – the geopolitics of energy with reference to Turkmenistan, a country that has at its disposal the fourth biggest reserves of natural gas globally. On the basis of the specific properties of this raw material on the one hand, and of the impact of its possession on the turkmen political sphere, on the other, the issue is defined. The goal is to establish whether Turkmenistan has the chance to increase its future geopolitical role, becoming an actor at the heart of regional and global strategic dynamics.
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Atanova, Snezhana. "Entre le Peuple et l’État : l’identité nationale au Kirghizstan et au Turkménistan dans la période postsoviétique (1990-2016)." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INAL0030.
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Pendant près de trente ans d'indépendance, des efforts considérables ont été faits pour créer des États nationaux au Kirghizstan et au Turkménistan. Cette étude analyse les conditions préalables, les mécanismes et les processus d'évolution de l'identité nationale au Kirghizstan et au Turkménistan à compter de l'indépendance de 1991 jusqu’en 2016 dans le contexte de la construction de deux États nationaux en Asie centrale. En explorant les critères, qui marquent l’appartenance à une communauté nationale et en prenant comme point de référence théorique les réflexions sur le "plébiscite quotidien de la nation" d'Ernest Renan et le "nationalisme banal" de Michael Billig, cette thèse tentera de répondre à la question qui - l'État ou le Peuple crée des narrations qui déterminent l'identité nationale au Kirghizstan et au Turkménistan ? Pour y répondre, nous avons analysé les narrations de l’État et du Peuple en considérant les dimensions suivantes : la langue, la politique étrangère, la religion, la culture et les traditions. Quatre études de cas sont proposées : sur les croyances religieuses et les lieux sacrés, sur le cinéma et le nation branding, sur les traditions vestimentaires et les pratiques artisanales. Notre étude s’appuie sur plusieurs missions de terrain au Kirghizstan et au Turkménistan, sur des documents d’archives et sur des données qualitatives : entretiens, observation, analyse de discours et de contenus. La thèse contribue en somme à l’étude de l’histoire du Kirghizstan et du Turkménistan et aux études qui traitent du nationalisme, particulièrement à travers la culture matérielle, dans l’Asie centrale post- soviétiqueFor almost thirty years, considerable efforts have been made to create nation-states in Central Asia. This study analyses the preconditions, mechanisms and processes related to the formation of national identities in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan from 1991 to 2016, in the context of the emerging post-Soviet nation-states. By exploring issues such as national community associations with reference to Ernest Renan’s "daily plebiscite of the nation" and Michael Billig's "banal nationalism," this dissertation will attempt to answer the question of whether the State or the People determine national identity in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan. This dissertation analyzes the question of State vs People by considering the following: language; foreign policy; religion; culture; and traditions. It focuses on four case studies involving religious beliefs and sacred places; cinema and nation branding; traditional clothing, handicrafts and artisanal practices. The dissertation is based on exhaustive field research in Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan; archival documents and qualitative data: in person interviews and observation; analysis of printed treatises and original content. This dissertation therefore contributes to enhancing the current knowledge of Kyrgyzstan and Turkmenistan’s modern history and related trends of nationalism, particularly through the prism of material culture, in the post-Soviet Central Asia with non-biased objective primary source analysis
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Götzelt, Thomas. "Ansichten der Archäologie Süd-Turkmenistans bei der Erforschung der "Mittleren Bronzezeit" : Periode Namazga V /." Espelkamp : Verl. Marie Leidorf, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399291032.
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Aghaie, Joobani Hossein. "Meta-Geopolitics of Central Asia : A Comparative Study of the Regional Influence of the European Union and the Shanghai Co-operation Organization." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-100397.
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Central Asia has been the focal point of intense geopolitical power struggle throughout history. At the dawn of the 21st century, Central Asia has undergone major changes as the European Union and the China-led Shanghai Co-operation Organization have emerged as two normative powers, both seeking to influence the patterns of security governance in the region. This study aims to delve deep into ‘the black boxes’ of the EU’s and China’s foreign policies toward five CA republics. It starts from the premise that the bulk of research on Eurasian politics tend to concentrate mostly on realist and traditional geopolitical doctrine, which seem to have failed to properly explain the normative and ideational transformations that have taken place in the region as a result of the presence of these two emerging normative agents. By interweaving both realist and constructivist theories of International Relations (IR) into a new all-encompassing analytical framework, termed “meta-geopolitics”, the thesis seeks to trace and examine how geopolitical as well as normative components of the EU and Chinese regional strategies have affected the contemporary power dynamics in the post-Soviet space. I argue that, in contrast to the geopolitical struggle during the 19th and 20th centuries, a clash of normative powers is brewing in the region between China, under the aegis of the SCO, and the EU. The research also concludes that China has relatively been in a better position in comparison to the EU to render its policies as feasible, effective and legitimate to the Central Asian states.
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Vaughan, Alan Moss, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Environment and Agriculture. "Factors affecting plant density and cotton yields in Turkmenistan." 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/24512.
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Cotton has been grown in central Asia for over 2,000 years, and is a major crop in Turkmenistan, where medium staple G. hirsutum is the dominant species, cultivated on 80%of the cotton growing area. Many of the cultivars used in Turkmenistan until the time of independence from Russia were from Uzbekistan. Since independence, the original suite of long staple G. barbadense and medium staple Uzbek cultivars has been considerably changed in Turkmenistan by selection for early maturity and productivity. Cotton yields in Turkmenistan have been declining since independence and were below 2t/ha in 2001 when the TACIS ‘Support to the Cotton Sector Project’ commenced, of which research reported in this thesis was a part. The main factors determining seed cotton yields in this country are quantity of irrigation water applied, nitrogen fertilization, deep ploughing, and plant population. Of these four important factors, plant density is the only one that individual farmers can control, as the others are either state controlled or require equipment held collectively. The aim of the research described in this thesis was to improve cotton production in Turkmenistan through optimising plant population. The use of optimum plant populations in the cotton fields of Turkmenistan has a substantial potential for economic benefit to the farmers of that country. Changing plant populations would require none of the structural changes involved in changing the other important yield factors. Quantity of irrigation water applied is controlled by the state; nitrogen fertilizer is a state controlled input in Turkmenistan and deep ploughing depends on equipment communally held and sometimes unavailable.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Agriculture)
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Vaughan, Alan Moss. "Factors affecting plant density and cotton yields in Turkmenistan." Thesis, 2005. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/24512.
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Cotton has been grown in central Asia for over 2,000 years, and is a major crop in Turkmenistan, where medium staple G. hirsutum is the dominant species, cultivated on 80%of the cotton growing area. Many of the cultivars used in Turkmenistan until the time of independence from Russia were from Uzbekistan. Since independence, the original suite of long staple G. barbadense and medium staple Uzbek cultivars has been considerably changed in Turkmenistan by selection for early maturity and productivity. Cotton yields in Turkmenistan have been declining since independence and were below 2t/ha in 2001 when the TACIS ‘Support to the Cotton Sector Project’ commenced, of which research reported in this thesis was a part. The main factors determining seed cotton yields in this country are quantity of irrigation water applied, nitrogen fertilization, deep ploughing, and plant population. Of these four important factors, plant density is the only one that individual farmers can control, as the others are either state controlled or require equipment held collectively. The aim of the research described in this thesis was to improve cotton production in Turkmenistan through optimising plant population. The use of optimum plant populations in the cotton fields of Turkmenistan has a substantial potential for economic benefit to the farmers of that country. Changing plant populations would require none of the structural changes involved in changing the other important yield factors. Quantity of irrigation water applied is controlled by the state; nitrogen fertilizer is a state controlled input in Turkmenistan and deep ploughing depends on equipment communally held and sometimes unavailable.
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Chiu, Fong-He, and 邱豐和. "A Study on the Political and Economical Development of Turkmenistan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36413051031570230622.
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碩士健行科技大學
中亞研究所
101
Turkmenistan (The Republic of Turkmenistan) in 1991 after the disintegration of the Soviet Union one of many independent countries 。And the country''s first leader Niyazov (Turkmen：Saparmyrat Ata&;yacute;ewi&;ccedil; Ny&;yacute;azow)，in 1992 06 menstrual election was elected presidente，ven taken with the Central Asia neighbors different management models，chose a path of permanent neutrality.Iam a curious child to accept the communist ideology of political figures,how can democracy overnight into a national leader? This change in polarization state and the people will be taken to exactly what kind of place? Even more interesting is the case of our strongman death;1. Turkmenistan has been independent 20 years， adhere to its foreign policy conservative,internally remain unified management of the former Soviet Union and the social welfare systema，lthough not with the other four Central Asian countries such as Kyrgyzstan''s revolutionary movement，and Tajikistan labor migration，Uzbekistan grievances or rich Kazakhstan，but first president Niyazov''s wisdom，at independence on about Turkmenistan''s international status as a neutral positioning，non-aligned foreign policy in order to maintain the flexibility of policy options，Non-aligned foreign policy in order to maintain the flexibility of policy options，to get the maximum benefit while reducing the country newly independent States foreign aggression interference，Its interior to be gradual adjustment in accordance with national conditions; However，under the impact of globalization:2. power structure is still sound forward?people will be satisfied with the status quo do? Its political and economic development of flat or weaker strength is my motivation for the study;can I learn from my research purposes。 In this thesis, 「decision theory」 based, 「geopolitics」, supplemented by in-depth study of Turkmenistan geography, cultural, political and economic four categories thesis chapters, the country can look forward to have some new discoveries and ideas。
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Chien, Yueh-Hui, and 簡月慧. "Turkmenistan political and economic development during Niyazov Ruling Era（1991-2006）." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72577198821370062393.
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碩士清雲科技大學
中亞研究所
100
After independence, the Republic of Turkmenistan President Niyazov, June 1992 to be elected in the manner of election, died December 21, 2006. During the reign of the master''s largest administrative rights, and control of the legislative and judicial rights, Suppress the action of the opposition, stagnation of influence for the political development of Turkmenistan. But also to achieve political stability, Social stability and high economic growth, continuously improve the people''s standard of living. This article is based on decision theory based, the Geopolitical is auxiliary, expectations through the course of the study to explore the Niyazov personal leadership qualities and style, demonstrated extraordinary leadership in national policy, econo myic and diplomatic, etc. First, this paper analyzes the factors that generated by the the Niyazov personal leadership qualities: Including the growth environment the influence which occurs to the political career, and has analyzed his main work “Ruhnama” for the Turkmenistan person''s influence. This article second, studies Niyazov''s politics and the economical achievement: explanation ruling period regarding national politics, economic and foreign policy implementation, how to deal with the changes of the international community, to seek the best interests of the country. This article final, integrity discusses the Niyazov politics policy and the economic policy result: penetrates Niyazov''s leadership picks a line of policy and the influence which produces to Turkmenistan''s trend. This article hope regarding Turkmenistan independent pathfinder Niyazov carries on comprehensive, the thorough analysis and the discussion, the hope may be more thorough to Niyazov''s research.
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Kokaislová, Pavla. "Srovnání změn v balučské kultuře v Turkmenistánu a na území historického Balúčistánu v závislosti na míře státních zásahů." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338024.
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The aims of the study are to explore and compare the Balochs' way of life as an ethnic minority in Turkmenistan and north-eastern Iran and as an indigenous population in Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan since the early 20th century and to study cultural change in the Balochs in the context of state intervention. The ethnogensis of the Balochs as a nomadic Indo-Iranian ethnic group without their own state was shaped by many external and internal influences. The most fundamental are changes in the political organization of states which the Balochs experienced throughout history. Due to poor living conditions, disruption of their original way of life and the need to ensure land and pasture for cattle, some Balochs living in historic Sistan along what is now the Turkmen-Iranian border migrated to Turkmenistan and to north-eastern Iran in the early 20th century. This thesis compares the Balochs' current way of life and with that after their arrival in new territory and examines the cultural transformation of these two groups in the context of state intervention. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Langbein, Joachim [Verfasser]. "Desertifikationsbekämpfung und Ressourcenmanagement im Kopet-Dag, Turkmenistan : Akteure und ihre Handlungsspielräume / vorgelegt von Joachim Langbein." 2006. http://d-nb.info/979118697/34.
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Annaklycheva, Jamal [Verfasser]. "Combating desertification in Turkmenistan on the grass roots level : example of the central karakum desert / Jamal Annaklycheva." 2002. http://d-nb.info/964465272/34.
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Lídl, Václav. "Proměny středoasijského regionálního komplexu energetické bezpečnosti po roce 1991: Případ plynovodu Turkmenistán - Čína." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415440.
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The presented doctoral thesis analyses energy security in the Central Asia region, with an emphasis on the natural gas sector. The research sought to answer the question of whether individual state actors in Central Asia are more inclined towards a strategic-oriented or market-oriented approach to energy policy in the formulation of their respective energy policy. Answering this research question aimed at better understanding the approach of individual state actors to large infrastructure projects, such as the construction of the Central Asia-China Gas Pipeline. A regional energy security complex of Central Asia was constructed for work purposes. In addition to the five Central Asian states, it also includes Russia and China as two major natural gas importers from the region. Based on theoretical literature, a model for assessing the natural gas sector in terms of the formulation of energy policy by individual state actors was developed. This model was subsequently applied to three case studies of key state actors within the Central Asian regional energy security complex. These are case studies on Turkmenistan, Russia and China. Applying the model's criteria to individual cases, the research concluded that for all three players in the Central Asian regional energy security complex, a...
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Hsiao, Ying-Che, and 蕭英哲. "The comparative Study on Nation Buliding which took S.A. Niyazov of Turkmenistan and Lee, Kuan-Yew ofSingapore as an example." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86885090628521506011.
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碩士清雲科技大學
中亞研究所
100
In the early years, S.A. Niyazov, first president of Turkmenistan. and Lee Kuan-Yew, first prime minister of Singapore. Both of them led their country into independence. two independent state after the two countries'' domestic efforts and political and economic construction of the foundation, but Niyazov, Lee Kuan Yew was the sametheir freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and fair electoral competition, and so be restricted to this article will learn more about the actual situation of the Turkmen, Singapore democratic explore the personality of these two political figures, policy content, as well as an independent nation of the two countriesbackground and conditions. Today, Lee Kuan Yew has been passing on the baton, the policy merits and demerits of the two political strongman Saparmurat Niyazov is dead, the development of the two countries on behalf of the significance of this study to explore the points. Lee Kuan Yew and Niyazov''s rule of thought include: emphasis on stability and create conditions for economic development; support national policy to promote economic development; gradually the political system correction, the political system be postponed until after the economic development. In practice, due to the different situation in Singapore and Turkmenistan, two different policies. Such as Singapore, opening its doors to the introduction of multinational companies and HDB system, development of Turkmenistan''s national gas exports and promote the new rural sports. The promotion of Lee Kuan Yew and Niyazov''s rule of thinking, and they live in an era: the pressure of the crisis of national survival of the Cold War era."Family Business" and "political oppression" and "elitist" makes the man of Lee Kuan Yew criticized, but can not hide its political aperture, and the feudal rule of Niyazov not only the performance of an absolute one-man, also highlighted in on his high-handed style. The two authoritarian political differences in times of social reality has been a distinct consequences, the experience in governance of Niyazov with Lee Kuan Yew ruling the day already far away, but not long-term plan of the policy makers!
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Zalánová, Zuzana. "Prevence konfliktů v Uzbekistánu a Turkmenistánu." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-298469.
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This diploma thesis deals with conflict prevention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Its aim was to compare its relevance and results in the both countries. In doing so, the first theoretical section outlined the way of assessing conflict potential, which conditions and justifies applying preventative measures. This was examined in terms of Copenhagen school and its broaden meaning of security, whereas the paper focused on the political, economic and societal dimension. Then the notion of conflict prevention was framed within terminological and historical context and considered in terms of its trends and current challenges. At the end of the theoretical section, the concepts if security dimensions and conflict prevention were discussed in terms of their applicability for the case studies of Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. Afterwards, the empirical section researched the conflict potential and preventive actions of international organisations, states and non-state actors in the both countries. Analytical part evaluated the empirical data in order to assess conflict prevention in the both states. In doing so, I used SWOT analysis, which defined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of conflict prevention in Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. The results can be summarised as follows: The character...
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Nováková, Sabina. "Zahraniční bojovníci ze Střední Asie v Sýrii." Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-387041.
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This thesis deals with the phenomenon of Central Asian foreign fighters in Syria, 2011- 2017. It analyzes their radicalization, recruitment, and travel patterns. Special emphasis is placed on tracking the home states' responses, including elements of de-radicalization and counter-radicalization. The thesis has found that there is arguably no single factor explaining the Central Asian fighters' radicalization; nor is there a typical profile of a Central Asian fighter. Available data suggest that radicalization and extremist recruitment most often occur in Russia. Furthermore, the analysis of travel patterns has shown that the majority of Central Asian fighters traveled to Syria either indirectly via multiple countries (again, most often Russia) or directly from their country of origin, and then crossed the border from Turkey. The thesis concludes that all five Central Asian states have adopted policies to address the perceived security threat of returning foreign fighters, whereas the hard, restrictive and punitive approach has been prevalent all across the region.
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Габриелян, В. С., and V. S. Gabrieliyan. "Развитие индустрии туризма в Туркменистане на современном этапе : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/66199.
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In the graduate qualification work of a student the tourist potential of one of the most closed destinations in the world is considered. The cultural background, natural and geographical features are studied, the transport infrastructure is characterized.В выпускной квалификационной работе магистранта рассматривается туристский потенциал одной из самых закрытых дестинаций в мире. Изучается культурный бекграунд, природно-географические особенности, характеризуется транспортная инфраструктура.
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Hejzlarová, Tereza. "Umělecké řemeslo Střední Asie na příkladu sbírky Náprstkova muzea." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-338505.
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The Central-Asian region, in current geo-political signification understood as the territory of five Post-Soviet states: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and partially of Kazakhstan, has went through a very rich and colorful historical development. During this development it has absorbed many different culture impulses and influences that helped the region to develop conditions for the formation of a distinctive artistic expression. To a certain extent, we can observe continuity in the development of traditional arts and crafts professions since early historical times until today. Among the most important craft branches we need to mention textile production, involving carpet weaving, processing of felt, fabrics and embroideries, and also artistic metal processing represented particularly by the jewelry production and last but not least, ceramics production. Arts and crafts have always had a very important position in the history and culture of Central Asia. Craftwork has been a subject of trade for a very long time period here, this fact being enhanced by the geographical position as well, since the region is situated on the route of the famous Silk Road. Arts and craft production, which comprised of common goods but also exclusive products of high artistic value, intended for the...
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Welsink, Emma. "Geopolitická rivalita ve Střední Asii a moc Turkmenistánu jako slabého státu." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-396636.
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Thesis abstract: Geopolitical Rivalry in Central Asia and Turkmenistan's power as a weak state Charles University, Institute of International Studies, MAS programme 2019 Emma Welsink English Abstract Research on weak states and their position in the international system has been a widely discussed topic for decades, especially in relation to the Cold War bipolar system that revolved around Russia and the United States as great powers. Yet what is lacking is a contemporary analysis that concentrates on the current multipolar system in which the importance of economic alliances and power surpass military power, and how this affects weak states' foreign policy behavior and trade opportunities. This research therefore offers an empirical analysis on great power geopolitical competition between Russia and China over Turkmenistan's economic allegiance, specifically regarding its natural gas export, and seeks to explain how this geopolitical competition has affected Turkmenistan's foreign energy policy behavior as a weak state vis-á-vis these great powers. Additionally, this research seeks to examine how Turkmenistan has even instrumentalized this competition to further its national interest of energy export diversification. More specifically, this research shows that great power competition has played a...
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Джуманазаров, Анвар, and Anvar Dzhumanazarov. "Вивчення інформатики в школах України та Туркменістану." Bachelor's thesis, 2021. http://repository.sspu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11018.
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Кваліфікаційне дослідження присвячене розгляду проблеми освіти в школах Туркменістану та України. У першому розділі «Науково-методичні основи вивчення інформатики у загальноосвітній школі» окреслено:
1) Інформатику як шкільний навчальний предмет
2) Методику навчання інформатики як педагогічну науку
3) Інформаційні системи дистанційного навчання
У другому розділі «Аналіз особливостей вивчення інформатики в школах Туркменістану» окреслено особливості організації системи освіти в Туркменістані та особливості вивчення дисципліни інформатики.
Третій розділ присвячено сучасним аспектам та перспективним напрямкам вивчення інформатики в школах України та Туркменістану
Практичне значення отриманих результатів полягає у систематизуванні теоретичних матеріалів за темою роботи, що дає змогу їх подальшого використання у наступних педагогічних дослідженнях. Висновки та матеріали дипломної роботи можуть використовуватись при формуванні навчального процесу середньої школи, а також у написанні студентських чи академічних наукових робіт з цього питання.The qualification research is devoted to the problem of education in schools of Turkmenistan and Ukraine. The first section "Scientific and methodological foundations of the study of computer science in secondary school" outlines: 1) Informatics as a school subject 2) Methods of teaching computer science as a pedagogical science 3) Information systems of distance learning The second section "Analysis of the features of the study of computer science in schools of Turkmenistan" outlines the features of the organization of the education system in Turkmenistan and the features of the study of the discipline of computer science. The third section is devoted to modern aspects and promising areas of computer science in schools of Ukraine and Turkmenistan The practical significance of the obtained results lies in the systematization of theoretical materials on the topic of the work, which allows their further use in subsequent pedagogical research. The conclusions and materials of the thesis can be used in the formation of the educational process of high school, as well as in writing student or academic research papers on this issue.
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Kokaisl, Petr. "Postsocialistická transformace a změny kultury ve středoasijských republikách na příkladu Kyrgyzstánu a Turkmenistánu." Doctoral thesis, 2006. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-266272.
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