Journal articles on the topic 'Turkic Inscriptions'
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1
Badam, Azzaya, Gerelmaa Namsrai, and Bayartuul Batjav. "Runic Inscriptions and Tamgas in Govi-Altai Province, MONGOLIA." Ази судлал 1, no. 1 (April 27, 2022): 11–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/asinmongolia.v1i1.967.
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The great significance of ancient inscription is that it becomes evidence of that historical period. Approximately 170 runic inscriptions, date back to Old Turkic, Uighur period, had been registered in the territory of Mongolia so far. Govi-Altai runic inscriptions are located along the central road headed from Beshbalik to west southern until silk road in the period of Ancient Turkic, Uighur and they play important role in the studies of philology and history since they have many state and military ranking words and personal names. In this article, reading-lexical features and relevant Tamgas of 18 inscriptions discovered in Govi-Altai province have been studied. As of today, a total of 18 Runic inscriptions were discovered in 7 places from this province. The Biger’s 4 inscriptions had been discovered in 1969 for the first time by team “Inscription studies” of the Mongol-Soviet’s history and culture’s joint expedition, whereas our team discovered Davirt II inscription in 2020, and also research team from Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences discovered Khushuut Tolgoi’s inscription. The research team completed a hand painting of 95 Tamgas related to these inscriptions.
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Bekjan, O. "Runic Written Monuments in Kazakhstan." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 4, no. 118 (December 15, 2020): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2020/2664-0686.050.
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Since the middle of the XIX century, ancient inscriptions written on silver bowls, bracelets, and bronze mirrors have been found in large numbers on the territory of Kazakhstan from the surface of the earth and archaeological excavations. Currently, the number of such Turkic runic inscriptions is increasing every year. The first Kazakh scientist who found and tried to reveal their meanings was A. Amanzholov. He named such inscriptions found from Kazakhstan, summarizing them by local values as Irtysh, ili, Syrdarya and Ural. The most valuable was the inscription on the silver bowl, found as a result of archaeological excavations from the Issyk mound. Linguists who came from the Academy of Sciences of the former Soviet Union made a categorical conclusion, without presenting any arguments, that the Issyk inscription is in the Iranian language, and cannot be read in the Turkic languages. But Kazakh researchers, not agreeing with this conclusion, began to read this inscription in the ancient Turkic language. Comparing and analyzing these studies, we published our reading in 1993. After that, until 2009, we updated and supplemented our readings three times. One of the Irtysh inscriptions tells about the danger of vodka and wine for human life. And the second tells about the coolness inside the mountain gorge. In the inscriptions found in the Zhetysu area, special attention was paid to hunting. They describe the sensitivity and extreme caution of the mountain goat. The Talgar inscription speaks of yarn and the spinning profession. In one of the aulieatinsky inscriptions, on the seal is written the phrase «my word», and on a large stone about the immensity of the country of the Karakhanids. And the Syrdarya inscription mentions the greatness of the Syrdarya river.
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Bekjan, O. "Runic Written Monuments in Kazakhstan." Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 4, no. 118 (December 15, 2020): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2020/2664-0686.050.
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Since the middle of the XIX century, ancient inscriptions written on silver bowls, bracelets, and bronze mirrors have been found in large numbers on the territory of Kazakhstan from the surface of the earth and archaeological excavations. Currently, the number of such Turkic runic inscriptions is increasing every year. The first Kazakh scientist who found and tried to reveal their meanings was A. Amanzholov. He named such inscriptions found from Kazakhstan, summarizing them by local values as Irtysh, ili, Syrdarya and Ural. The most valuable was the inscription on the silver bowl, found as a result of archaeological excavations from the Issyk mound. Linguists who came from the Academy of Sciences of the former Soviet Union made a categorical conclusion, without presenting any arguments, that the Issyk inscription is in the Iranian language, and cannot be read in the Turkic languages. But Kazakh researchers, not agreeing with this conclusion, began to read this inscription in the ancient Turkic language. Comparing and analyzing these studies, we published our reading in 1993. After that, until 2009, we updated and supplemented our readings three times. One of the Irtysh inscriptions tells about the danger of vodka and wine for human life. And the second tells about the coolness inside the mountain gorge. In the inscriptions found in the Zhetysu area, special attention was paid to hunting. They describe the sensitivity and extreme caution of the mountain goat. The Talgar inscription speaks of yarn and the spinning profession. In one of the aulieatinsky inscriptions, on the seal is written the phrase «my word», and on a large stone about the immensity of the country of the Karakhanids. And the Syrdarya inscription mentions the greatness of the Syrdarya river.
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Mustafayeva, A. A. "Ежелгі түркі жазба ескерткіштеріндегі бірқатар діни тұжырымдарының іске асуы." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University.Political Science. Regional Studies. Oriental Studies. Turkology Series. 139, no. 2 (2022): 202–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2022-139-2-202-211.
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The Ancient and medieval Turkic monuments affecting language, history, religion, mentality, and other key issues of the Turkic peoples have great importance in the Turkic studies. The samples of the ancient Turkic heritage engraved on the stone represents a whole treasure that 210 has not yet been fully explored. In addition to the historical and archaeological value of these stones, there is no doubt that they can provide information about the spiritual culture of the Turkic peoples of that time, including their way of life, customs, and religious beliefs. The article considers several religious concepts that existed in the ancient Turkic society. They are an integral part of its religious beliefs. Compared to the medieval written monuments, ancient Turkic inscriptions are based on the "eternal stones" of the Turkic kagans. The main purpose of writing on stones is to pass on from generation to generation and preserve this message addressed to the Turkic peoples. However, the cracks that appeared on the sites led researchers to different conclusions, and also contributed to the formation of several versions of the translations. When studying the ancient Turkic monuments in Kazakh Turkology, first of all, the article considers the small and large inscriptions in honor of Kultegin, as well as the inscription in honor of Tonyukuk. The significance of the religion is described in the first lines of the two inscriptions of Kultegin, where the kagan begins with the name of the Creator “Tengri like and Tengri born” and “When the blue sky is above” (in the meaning Tengri). It should be noted that the word “Tengri”, which is also found in the medieval Turkic sources, goes back precisely to the ancient Turkic writings. The study examines concepts such as Tengri, Umai, eternity, death, and the nature of humanity
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HAO, CHEN. "On the Authorship of the Old Turkic Inscriptions." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 30, no. 4 (September 2, 2020): 707–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186320000164.
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AbstractThis article focuses on the authorship of the Kül Tégin and Bilge Kağan inscriptions and manages to reveal the different layers of the text. Through a careful analysis of the Old Turkic inscriptions and the relative Chinese accounts concerning the Türk royal lineage after Bilge Kağan, it concludes that the text on the south side of the Kül Tégin Inscription and the north side of the Bilge Kağan Inscription were narrated by the younger son of Bilge Kağan, Teŋri Teg Teŋride Bolmış Türk Bilge Kağan, in Kaiyuan XXVIII (ca. 740). In that year his elder brother (Teŋri Teg Teŋri Yaratmış Türk Bilge Kağan) passed away, so the Chinese emperor sent envoys to ‘appoint’ him as the new Türk kağan. He took the opportunity of the visit of Chinese delegates led by Li Zhi to ask the Chinese craftsmen to inscribe his words onto his father's memorial. The same text was also inscribed onto the blank side of his uncle's memorial, while inserting a quotation of his father's words.
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Çalış Besli, Kerime. "Eski Türk Yazıtlarında Tanıklanan Çatı Ekli Fiillerde Eşdizim." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 8, no. 2 (July 21, 2024): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1512127.
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Old Turkic inscriptions are among the leading sources of Turkish language, literature, history, and culture. The inscriptions provide researchers, linguists, and historians with the opportunity to learn about the language, cultural concepts, and beliefs of that period. Proverbs, idioms, and collocations in historical and contemporary texts attract attention due to the richness of the language and the cultural elements they contain. In this study, the collocations formed by verbs with voice suffixes in Old Turkic inscriptions have been examined, and the linguistic, semantic, cultural, and functional characteristics of these collocations have been investigated. Some of the results we have reached in this study are as follows: In the collocations formed with voice-suffixed verbs, the suffixes {-t}, {-gUr}, {-Ur}, and {-tUr} function as causatives and serve a functional role in the cultural conceptualization of “having something built or erected (e.g., house, bridge, monument, tomb, etc.)” and “creating a nation or army.” Since one of the primary functions of these suffixes is “causative,” it can be inferred that the structure of Turkic states during the inscription period was based on a hierarchical relationship between the lower and upper levels of society and state life. Collocations formed by verbs with the {-n} voice suffix function as “passive, reflexive, and causative”, at atan- “to be given a title or name”, el törü etin- “to have one’s homeland or customs regulated”, il qazgan- “to conquer a country or homeland”. These collocations highlight the importance of the concepts of “homeland, customs, social order, hierarchy, army, and war” during the inscription period.
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ŞIRIN, HATICE. "Bombogor Inscription: Tombstone of a Turkic Qunčuy (“Princess”)." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 26, no. 3 (November 6, 2015): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186314000558.
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AbstractTurkic Runic inscriptions, discovered in Mongolia during the second half of the 20th century and especially in the last decade, are remarkable. The Bombogor, consisting of five-lines, is one of them. This article is an attempt to re-read the mentioned inscription which was first published by Ts. Battulga. According to my proposed reading, the text was written on a tombstone which was erected in honour of a Turkish qunčuy (“princess”) who might have been married into the Karluk tribe.
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Dandeyevich Bekzhan, Orynbay. "Written monuments from Irtysh and Zhetysu from Kazakhstan." SCIENTIFIC WORK 60, no. 11 (November 6, 2020): 65–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/60/65-68.
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From the middle of the XIX century, on the territory of Kazakhstan, from the surface of the earth and archaeological excavations, ancient inscriptions written in silver bowls, bracelets, bronze mirrors in large numbers began to be found. Currently, the number of such Turkic runic inscriptions is increasing every year. The first of Kazakhstan scientists who found and tried to reveal their meanings was A.Amanzholov. He named such inscriptions found from Kazakhstan, summarizing them according to local values, such as the Irtysh, Ili, Syrdarya and Ural. One of the Irtysh inscriptions tells about the dangers of vodka and wine for human life. And the second tells about the coolness inside the mountain gorge. In the inscriptions found from the Zhetysu region, attention was paid to hunting. They describe the sensitivity and highest caution of a mountain goat. On the Talgar inscription the words are written about yarn and spinning profession. In one of the Aulie-Ata inscriptions, the phrase “my word” is written on the seal, and on a large stone about the enormity of the country of Karakhanids. And in the Syrdarya inscription the greatness of the Syr Darya river is mentioned. Key words: Issyk letter, Irtysh, ancient inscriptions, seal, jug cover
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Аззаяа, Бадам, Төмөр-Очир Идэрхангай, and Батдэлгэр Амгаланбат. "Ногоон уулын бичээс." Mongolian Journal Anthropology, Archaeology and Ethnology 12, no. 1 (December 29, 2023): 103–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjaae.2023120110.
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Every year, in Mongolia, new runic inscriptions are discovered, and according to the latest data, a total of 193 monuments from 108 places have been documented. Only in 2023 were five new inscriptions found, which is a significant accomplishment for epigraphic research. This article will provide information on the II and III inscriptions found in 2023 as well as the first reading interpretations of the Nogoon Uul I inscription found in 2022. Located on the borders of Bor-Öndör and Darkhan soum in Khentii province, Nogoon Uul is site to a monument written in the old Turkic alphabet that was discovered in 2022 by a research team led by Assoc. Prof. Dr. Iderkhangai Tömör- Ochir. Based on the information provided by this team, during the examination of the inscription in 2023, two new inscriptions that had not been previously reported from this area were discovered by our project team. Acknowledgement: The research has received funding from the National University of Mongolia under grant agreement P2022-4373 and PROF. 2023-2737.
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Asanov, Eldor. "Case Forms in Turkic Runiform Inscriptions from Central Asia." Golden scripts 2, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.2/hseg5329.
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The studying of the case category in the Old Turkic language has a long history in linguistics. This category, which is important in the sentence structure of Turkic languages, is thoroughly examined in most grammars and monographs of a general character. Despite this, there are very few researches on the case paradigm of nominal declension. Studies on the language of one of the small and poorly studied groups of the corpus of runic texts – Central Asian findings are very few as well. None of the scientists have yet conducted special research on the case category in them, have not reconstructed their case system.This article is dedicated to filling this gap to some extent. It discusses about the case forms in Turkic runiform inscriptions from Central Asia. The attempt to reconstruct the case system of Turkic dialects spread in the region has been taken on the basis of the collected data.According to the taken results, there were six case forms in Turkic runiform inscriptions from Central Asia of VIII century. All of them are similar with the forms that were identified in other corpuses of documents in Old Turkic language – Orkhon and Yenisey texts.At the same time, some of case forms determined in Orkhon and Yenisey texts were not found in mentioned inscriptions. The article contains some versions of explanation for this situation.
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MUNKHTULGA, Rinçinkhorol. "Old Turkic Inscriptions in Baga Khairkhan." International Journal Of Turkish Literature Culture Education 1, no. 1 (2012): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7884/teke.28.
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Mankeeva, Zh. "Continuity of the Kazakh language with the language of the runic inscriptions." Turkic Studies Journal 3, no. 3 (2021): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2021-3-47-54.
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Today, when the Republic of Kazakhstan at the turn of the century gained independence, the generalization of all historical and spiritual knowledge and their use for the good of the country is necessary for the formation and development of national consciousness. In this context, the language of the runic inscriptions as a source reflects the mentality of the ancient world and the archetypes of the historical evolution of the linguistic units of the Turkic languages. Consequently, the ancient linguistic data reveal the continuity of their historical development, the successive connection of the system of ancient Turkic languages with the system of modern Turkic languages, incl. modern Kazakh language. The above is confirmed by the results of scientific research of G. Aydarov, Doctor of Philology, professor, runologist, who managed to penetrate into the secrets of ancient inscriptions carved on stones and establish diachronic connections of ancient Turkic languages with Kypchak Turkic languages, with the Kazakh language and thereby prove, that the Kazakh language does not belong to the so-called «new» group of languages and that the history of the language is older than the history of the nation. Professor G. Aydarov is one of the first in Kazakh Turkic studies to investigate the heterogeneous linguistic system of the ancient Turkic and ancient Uighur languages, graphic, phonetic-phonological, lexical, morphemic-derivational and grammatical tiers of ancient languages, defining their features and successive ties with modern Turkic languages, including with the Kazakh language. As a confirmation, the author of the article considers the structural ontology of the Turkic word (monosyllabic and other models of the Turkic proto-root), in the study of which G. Aydarov made his invaluable contribution. It should also be noted: the assertion of the author of the article that the followers of G. Aydarov, in the study of the ancient Turkic languages, actively use the anthropocentric approach, which makes it possible to reveal new knowledge about the world and mentality of the ancient Turkic peoples, which are so necessary for understanding the historical development of the Turkic world.
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Дәндейұлы Бекжан, Орынбай. "ЕСІК ЖАЗУЫ – ТҮРКІ ХАЛЫҚТАРЫНЫҢ АСЫЛ МҰРАСЫ." SCIENTIFIC WORK 53, no. 04 (February 28, 2020): 12–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/aem/2007-2020/53/12-20.
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AYDIN, Erhan. "Notes On The Spelling Of Old Turkic Inscriptions Regarding Some Foreign Words In The Old Turkic Inscriptions." Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 3 Issue 6, no. 3 (2008): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.453.
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Tüngüç, Kader. "Eski Türk Runik Yazılı ile Uygur Yazılı Sosyokültürel Metin Örnekleri Üzerine Bir Karşılaştırma." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 8, no. 2 (July 21, 2024): 341–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1516433.
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In this article, a Turkic runiform inscription and a Uyghur written letter will be examined comparatively from a linguistic perspective. The research question is to what extent are the Yenisey inscriptions and the letters from the Old Uyghurs similar? Hemçik-Çırgakı (E 41) from the Yenisei Inscriptions was chosen as the sample text for the Turkish Runic written document, and letter numbered Or. 8212 (180) was chosen as the sample text for the Uyghur written text. Care has been taken to ensure that both texts bear the general characteristics of their genres. These texts, which reflect the sociocultural life of their period, were examined in terms of morphology, syntax and semantics. An evaluation was made on some common features identified as a result of comparing the texts.
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DİLSİZ, Mustafa Selçuk. "Eski Türk Yazıtlarına Göre Türklerde Ortalama Yaşam Süresi." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 7, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1158517.
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Old Turkic inscriptions found in various geographies today have been studied by researchers in various aspects. In this study, the average life expectancy of the old Turks was determined in the light of the data obtained from the Orkhon Inscriptions, Yenisei Inscriptions and Kyrgyzstan Inscriptions. When determining these life periods, the lifestyle of the old Turks, the geography in which they lived, the economy and health services were taken into account. It has been determined that data on the average life expectancy are usually found in the Yenisei inscriptions.
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Bekzhan, O. "The Word of the Genius Turkic Sage Kutluk." Turkology 4, no. 102 (October 15, 2020): 9–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2020/2664-3162.001.
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The Tonyukuk inscription is located 60 km east of the capital of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar, near the Tula River. The written monument was first found in 1897 by E.N. Klements and introduced into scientific circulation. The first print was made and photographed in 1898. In the same year V.V. Radlov read and made a transcription and translation of the inscription. In 1951 S.E. Malov supplemented the work of V.V. Radlov in Russian and included the text in the collection of runic inscriptions. G. Aydarov conducted a study in the Kazakh language and published a book. We read this sign in this inscription as YN, and according to this sign the name of the chief vizier was read as Toynukuk. The first researchers suggested that this sign was a kind of sound N. Therefore, the name of the chief vizier Elteris Kagan was read as Tonyukuk in Russian and Toynukuk in Kazakh. There were many unsolved mysteries in the written monument. Because the former researchers tried to solve the problem as best they could, according to their levels of knowledge. In the article, for the first time, many new words were read, written in complex graphemes and signs of continuous consonants, which are pronounced as YR, RK. The words 'UYRILIU and URKY' were designated by these signs. It also turned out that Tonyukuk's name is KUTLUK, and the correct reading of the title of the post was previously Shad - SHATDUK.
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Sadibekov, A. K. "Elements of Pedagigical Archetype on Old Turkic Monuments." Turkology 4, no. 102 (October 15, 2020): 46–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2020/2664-3162.003.
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Going through various stages of evolution humanity continuously aims to bring up the following generation rich in human qualities. To achieve these noble initiatives, various progressive models of bringing up have been developed from many centuries to the present day. Ancient Turkic monuments inscriptions, the most precious treasures of Turkic world pedagogics play great role in the education of specialists and children upbringing. When specializing future primary school teachers, philologists, and history specialists in higher education, it is necessary to include these great values in the curriculum. It is worth paying attention to the fact that the historical chronicle of ancient Turkic inscriptions on the monuments of Kultegin, bilge Kagan, Tonykok, which are considered the most valuable. The study of the heritage of Orkhon, Yenisei, and Talas monuments as ethnopedagogical values is of great importance in higher education. After all, starting from the kindergarten and school desks, it is obliged to lead the younger generation to the high culture and civilization of the ancient Turkic people. Thus, it would be possible to implement the ideas in the program article by N. Nazarbayev 'The course towards future: spiritual modernization'.
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Derin, Mehmet Oğuz, and Erdem Uçar. "Augmenting parametric data synthesis with 3D simulation for OCR on Old Turkic runiform inscriptions: A case study of the Kül Tegin inscription." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 8, no. 2 (July 21, 2024): 278–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1501797.
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Optical character recognition for historical scripts like Old Turkic runiform script poses significant challenges due to the need for abundant annotated data and varying writing styles, materials, and degradations. The paper proposes a novel data synthesis pipeline that augments parametric generation with 3D rendering to build realistic and diverse training data for Old Turkic runiform script grapheme classification. Our approach synthesizes distance field variations of graphemes, applies parametric randomization, and renders them in simulated 3D scenes with varying textures, lighting, and environments. We train a Vision Transformer model on the synthesized data and evaluate its performance on the Kül Tegin inscription photographs. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, with the model achieving high accuracy without seeing any real-world data during training. We finally discuss avenues for future research. Our work provides a promising direction to overcome data scarcity in Old Turkic runiform script.
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Sodiqov, Qosimjon. "The Inscriptions on the Gravestones of Kultegin and Bilga khan: Reading and Interpretation of the Texts." Golden scripts 2, no. 1 (March 10, 2020): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2020.1/zonc5627.
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The inscriptions Kul Tigin and Bilga-kagan are one of the most ancient monuments of ancient Turkic historiography, as well as written literature and the literary language. The historian and writer Yollug Tigin used his knowledge and skills to write this monument. The structure of the epigraphic text is ideal and very complex.Most of these texts were spoken from the mouth of Bilga Kagan. The writer Yollug Tigin wrote the text of the stele that his father uttered. Three years later, after the death of Bilga Kagan, Yollug Tigin himself wrote this inscription. Kagan took the speech written for the previous monument and included it here. However, the next part is not a literal repetition of the previous text, but a revised, edited, finished version of the author. This is the first, but also a wonderful example of the art of text editing.From the texts of Kul Tigin and Bilga Kagan, you can find out what appeal to the people. This official appeal marks the beginning of the call, namely the name Täŋri-täg Täŋri yaratmïš türk Bilgä qaγan sabïm. Kagan began all international and diplomatic letters, appeals to the people with this title.The title of Bilga Kagan is the first, but also a classic example of medieval Turkic titles. All its components are completely compact and elegant. This indicates a high level of documentation of the ancient Turkic language.The title of Bilga Kagan was not only a model of the era of his time, but also served as a model and standard for all official medieval documentary labels. The traditions of the Kok-Turkic documentary tradition continued throughout the following centuries. The owners of the Turkic Kaganate and states began their labels with such titles.
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Саранболор, Эрдэмбилэг, and Гончиг Батболд. "Өвөрхангай аймгийн нутгаас шинээр илэрсэн хоёр бичээс, тамга." Mongolian Journal of Anthropology, Archaeology and Ethnology 13, no. 1 (May 10, 2024): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.22353/mjaae.20241301010.
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In this article, we present the first reading of two newly discovered small runic inscriptions and the study of related stamps found in Kharkhorin soum, Tsagaan Goliin Baga Khürkhree and Bat-Ölzii soum, KhÜrmen Mukhar located in ÖvÖrkhangaii province. The main source material for our study was found in a place with numerous other rock paintings and stamps. These two inscriptions and stamps were discovered during the process of recording and documenting the rock paintings in KhÜrmen Mukhar and Baga Khürkhree in ÖvÖrkhangai Province. However, the researchers referred to the runic inscriptions as stamps and included them in the stamp register. The runes were the state script of the ancient Turkic and Uyghur states. Sometimes a single letter of the runic alphabet can have its own meaning. In addition to being an expressive word, it also sometimes serves as a tribal seal. We present our suggestions and predictions based on the photos we received. It is not certain that the inscriptions and engraved stamps belong to the same year, but judging from the distribution of the stamps, they usually occur with runic inscriptions. The fact that they belong to the same era as the inscriptions and stamps we are referring to shows the possibility. It is important to determine the scope of the related seal by reading the inscription. It is believed that this will be helpful for future research related to the topic
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Boboyorov, G'aybulla. "The Proto-turkic Epoch of the Turkic Language: the Branches of Xun and Ogur-bulgar." Golden scripts 1, no. 3 (September 10, 2019): 81–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2019.3/dgzt3518.
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Today Turkic languages are divided into 3 main large dialects like Oghuz, Qarluq, Qipchaq and relatively small dialects such as Halač, Southern Siberian Turkic, Chuvash, and Yakut (Saha). Each or most of these dialects are the followers of the language of the ancient Turkic – “the language of the Ork-hon-Yenisey inscriptions”, i.e. according to some Turkologists, they are the di-rectly follower of the Common Turkic, and some of them different from these languages. Especially, this is very obvious in languages of Chuvash and in lan-guage of Volga Bulgarians of the Middle ages, for them the terms of “the fol-lowers of proto-Turkic language” or “a branch of the Hun language” are widely accepted. In this article, the terms “proto-Turkic” or “Hun language” the author try to analyze the questions what lies the behind these terms and why Altaic scholars or Turkologists came to conclusion that the aforementioned dialects are considered to be Proto-Turkic.
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AYDIN, Erhan. "Türk Runik Bibliyografyası’na Ek III." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 7, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): 7–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1234984.
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Thousands of studies have been worked on the old Turkic inscriptions, which are the first known written period texts of the Turks, since the first day they were discovered. This article aims to add to the current bibliography published in 2017 as the Turkic Runic Bibliography (İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat Publications). The article contains the overlooked studies in the Supplement section, and the studies studies in 2021 and 2022 in the New Publications section.
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Mikheev, Savva Mikhaylovich. "Are there any Glagolitic letters in two inscriptions from Bosnia and Herzegovina and on stones from Bregalnica valley?" Studia Slavica et Balcanica Petropolitana, no. 2 (30) (2021): 105–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu19.2021.207.
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Two inscriptions from Bosnia and Herzegovina (from the vicinities of Livno and Ljubuški) and a group of graffiti from the Bregalnica river basin in the eastern part of North Macedonia are examined in this paper. It has been suggested by previous scholars that all of these inscriptions contain Glagolitic letters. The first part of the paper offers grammatical analysis and a new translation of the inscription on the tomb of a priest named Těhodrag. The tomb was unearthed in 2003 around Livno, 50 km northeast of Split. In the second section the author examines the graphics of the donor inscription on the Humac tablet from the vicinity of Ljubuški, 30 km southwest of Mostar, and proposes a revised reading of the text. The third part offers an interpretation of enigmatic signs on stones from the Bregalnica river basin, northeast of Štip. The author comes to the conclusion that none of the examined epigraphic sources contain Glagolitic letters. Both inscriptions from Bosnia and Herzegovina are in Cyrillic with some letters written in mirror image. The letter «есть» is turned 180 degrees in both graffiti, and there is one mirror «вѣдѣ» and two mirror «нашь» at the end of the inscription on the Humac tablet. The abundance of mirror-image letters probably stems from the unique shape of the Humac inscription itself: its tiered lines go around the fours sides of the tablet, forming something like a squared spiral. As for the supposedly «Glagolitic» signs on stones from the Bregalnica river basin, closer study reveals that they are tamgas, most likely carved by bearers of the Turkic cultural tradition, the Bulgars.
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Kyzlasov, I. L. "Fundamentals of studying rock runic inscriptions of Altai." Field studies in the Upper Ob, Irtysh and Altai (archeology, ethnography, oral history and museology) 17 (2022): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37386/2687-0584-2022-17-124-131.
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The Turkic runology still does not attach importance to the conditions of application of the studied inscriptions. The reason for arbitrary readings is a misunder-standing of the meaning of creating graffiti. Without due attention, their creation remains not in the cell-cabinet, but in the natural environment. Anyone could not come up to the rock to write anything. These inscriptions were left in place and a sign of prayer. The low height of the inscriptions indicates that kneeling people wrote on the mountain outcrops of Altai. This is evidenced by the poses of modern copyists in field photographs.
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ÜNAL, Orçun. "SÖZDE KARCA GLOSSALAR İSKİT KÖKENLİ Mİ? BİR YENİDEN İNCELEME." Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi (HÜTAD), no. 39 (December 7, 2023): 95–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.20427/turkiyat.1275842.
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Carian is an extinct language of the Anatolian branch of the Indo-European language family, which is attested in numerous inscriptions, graffiti, and coins written in the so-called Carian script. The Carian glosses cited by Byzantine writers, mainly by Stephan of Byzantium, are the main secondary source for the Carian language. Despite the hundred-year-long search for etymologies and the almost completed decipherment of the Carian inscriptions, these pseudo-glosses have not been fully explained. The present study links three of the seven most certain of these glosses, namely κόον/κῶν/κοῖον ‘sheep’, γίσσα ‘stone’, and ἄλα ‘horse’, to some Altaic and Xiongnu words and traces their origin back to a non-Indo-European language spoken among the Scythians. The language in question is assumed to be the donor of Proto-Turkic *kōńï̆ ‘sheep’, Proto-Bulgar Turkic *kïsa ‘rock, cliff’, and Early Common Turkic *halan ‘horse’. These forms also entered the Mongolic, Tungusic, and other neighboring languages. The parallelism between the Carian pseudo-glosses and these word forms is the result of the linguistic contact at the two opposite ends of the Scythic culture.
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Gulcali, Zemire. "A Study on the Hapax Legomenon ‘yogun yolpa’ Hendiadys in Old Uyghur." Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae 75, no. 1 (April 4, 2022): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/062.2022.00177.
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In Turkic, hendiadys has an important place as a method that is used for the emphasis of an expression. In addition to Old Turkic inscriptions, hendiadyses, which are often used in Old Uyghur texts, still survive in contemporary Turkic languages. In this article, the hendiadys of yogun yolpa i.e. ‘unmannerly, cumbersome, rude, ugly’ which appears only once (hapax legomenon) in Old Uyghur texts, and never in works from other periods, will be studied in comparison to examples from contemporary Turkic languages. The etymology of the two words yogun and yolpa which form the hendiadys will be investigated. The first element of the hendiadys, yogun, ‘intense, rude, rough, ugly’ has already been the subject of various studies. The other element of the hendiadys, the word yolpa, which does not appear in any other text, is analysed in this article.
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Abdushukurov, Baxtiyor, and Lufulla Sindarov. "The Zoonyms Used in Written Turkic Sources During the Period Between XI — XIV Centuries." Golden scripts 1, no. 1 (March 10, 2019): 67–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.gold.2019.1/pdbc5390.
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The article considers zoononyms used in written monuments created in the XI — XIV centuries in Movarounnahr, Dashti-Kipchak and Egypt. In the process of writing the article, the following sources were used such as “Kutadgu Bilig” by Yusuf Khojib, “Hibatul-Hakoyik” by Ahmed Yugnakiy, “Devon Tussles Turk” by Mahmoud Koshgari, “Tafsir”, “Oguzname”, “Guliston bit Turkish” by Sayfi Saroiy, “Khusrav va Shirin” by Kutb, “Nazhul farodis” by Mahmud bin Ali al-Saraiy, “Muhabbatnome” by Khorasmiy, as well as “Kisasi Rabguzi” by Nosiruddin Rabguzi.All materials used in the above mentioned works related to zoonony are compared and identified in diachronic historical aspect with the ancient Turkic written monuments representing a collection of texts as kuktürk, as well as considered sources representing Uyghur legal documents of XII and XIV centuries and Oguz-Kypchak inscriptions in XIV century sources such as, “Kitab al-Savr Lilison ul-Atrok” by Abu Hayen, author is unknown, “At-tuffatuz zakiyatu fil luatit turkiy”, “Kitob bulgat al-mushtok fi lugatit-turk kifchok” and “Tarzhumon turkish wa azamiy wa mugaliy” by Jamoliddin Turki, as well as with the works of Alisher Navoi and the dictionary of V. Radlov.In the article, the term system, which was the object of study, is compared using synchronous methods with materials of modern Turkic languages, in particular, modern Uzbek and Turkish literary languages, and in some cases they are compared with Uzbek dialects. At the end of the article, relevant conclusions on the use of these terms and their phonetic and semantic changes have been provided.
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TEKİN, Talat. "On A Misinterpreted Word In The Old Turkic Inscriptions." Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 1 Issue 2, no. 1 (2006): 222–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.31.
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Chen and 陳浩. "A Study on the Chronology of Old Turkic Inscriptions." Central Asiatic Journal 61, no. 2 (2018): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/centasiaj.61.2.0313.
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Chen, H. "A Study on the Chronology of Old Turkic Inscriptions*." Central Asiatic Journal 61, no. 2 (2018): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.13173/caj/2018/2/6.
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Ahmadova, Aysel. "One-sound morphemic elements in the base of the derivational suffixes in Orkhon Inscriptions." Journal of Language and Cultural Education 5, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 200–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jolace-2017-0012.
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Abstract In this paper, the origin of Turkic derivational suffixes is discussed. It was noted that there are various approaches to this case, one of them being the theory of grammaticalization which suggests that Turkic derivational suffixes come from content words, while the other being based on the one-sound morphemic elements that are common to some derivational suffixes. The main one-sound formants in the language of Orkhon Inscriptions that we investigate are the elements -l, -g, and -m. The element -l occurs both in denominal and deverbal words, whereas the formants -g and -m are registered mostly in deverbal nominal words.
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Sadofeev, Dmitry V. "“Kizhe”: on the name of the Madrasah’s Founder in Staryi Krym." Golden Horde Review 10, no. 2 (June 29, 2022): 414–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2022-10-2.414-425.
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Objective: to compare preserved epigraphic monuments from Staryi Krym with the “Travel book” by Evliya Çelebi and clarify the name of the founder of the madrasah. Research materials: The article is based on the study of the “Travel Book” by Evliya Çelebi published in the Ottoman language in 1928, particularly his visit to Staryi Krym; translation of the “Travel Book” into Russian by E.V. Bakharevsky; modern transliteration into Latin by a group of researchers in Turkey; Russian publications of epigraphic monuments of Staryi Krym starting from the mid-nineteenth century and up to the present. These materials have been compared with the tombstone and inscription above the entrance to the so-called “Uzbek Mosque”. The manuscript “Muizz al-ansab” and various dictionaries from the Turkic languages were used as additional materials. Results and novelty of the research: A comparison of previously published sources and researches helped to consider various options for reading the name, acceptable for the thirteenth-fourteenth centuries, and the drawing of the inscription of the tombstone confirmed that O. Akchokrakly’s reading of the name was correct. In addition, on the basis of the new material, it has been confirmed that the Ottoman traveler Evliya Çelebi during his journeys wrote down the inscriptions he saw with minor errors and that these inscriptions can be considered trustworthy, with some caution. According to the inscription on the tombstone found in 1925, the name of the founder of the madrasah should be read as Ilchi Khatun.
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Vavulin, M. V. "DOCUMENTATION OF OLD TURKIC RUNIC INSCRIPTIONS OF THE ALTAI MOUNTAINS USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNOLOGY." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W8 (November 14, 2017): 257–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w8-257-2017.
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Old Turkic runic inscriptions of the Altai Mountains (8th–9th centuries AD) were digitized in the course of this project to be preserved in the current state on the Web and deciphered by linguistic experts. The ways the inscriptions were made as well as their location in hardly accessible areas required finding an inexpensive solution that would provide detailed 3D documentation of rock faces, while at the same time mobility and autonomy. Digital photogrammetry came as a quite affordable and optimal choice for getting high-quality outcomes using inexpensive software and further data processing using free software.
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Ünal, Orçun. "The Needle Case of Jánoshida Revisited." Archiv orientální 81, no. 2 (September 12, 2013): 173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.47979/aror.j.81.2.173-182.
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The needle case of Jánoshida is a significant artefact of the Late Avar period. It is inscribed with the Old Turkic uniform script on three sides. The present paper offers new readings for the three inscriptions on the needle case, explores its origin, and defines the traits of the underlying language based on these readings.
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Molotova, Gulbakhrem. "Idea of the world of turkic peoples of Central Asia: Antiquity аnd Early Middle Ages." Journal of Oriental Studies 109, no. 2 (2024): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.26577/jos.2024.v109.i2.08.
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The article uses data from Ancient Turkic written monuments published in the Soviet period. The author intends to illuminate the idea of the world of Turkic peoples of Central Asia. The main sources were the inscriptions on the stone “Monument in honor of Kul-Tegin”, “Monument in honor of Tonyukuk” and “Irq-bitig”, which were preserved on paper. The author of the article notes that, despite the knowledge of stone steles, some facets of these sources remain poorly studied. The idea of a three-level horizontal and quadrangular vertical model of the world is being considered. It is noted that such a view is common to the Turkic peoples of Central Asia and Southern Siberia. Directly with this question, the supporting and punishing function of representatives of the ancient Turkic pantheon of deities is covered. By comparative analysis of monuments in honor of Kul-Tegin, Tonyukuk with data from epigraphy of the same period, additional data about the function of the goddess Umai was established. The transformation of the Umai function was established based on data recorded in the “Divan Lughat at-Turk” by Mahmud Qashghari. The archaic myth about the creation of the Universe has been determined. The conclusion notes the importance of ancient Turkic written monuments for studying the spiritual values of the Turkic peoples of Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages.
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Oshan, Z. "PARTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT ELTERIS KHAN IN CHINESE SOURCES." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (July 2022): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994-2022-31-3-56-66.
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In the article, based on Chinese data, the heroic campaigns of Kutlug Elterish-Khagan, the founder of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate, are described, on the way to the foundation of the khanate. On the basis of the ancient Turkic monuments, the content is discussed, which is clearly indicated and absent in the Chinese data. In 682 a direct descendant of the founding dynasty of the historical First Turkic Khanate Kutlik and a descendant of another tribe of Kok Tьrks, Tonyukuk, restored the Kok Tьrks empire, that was destroyed half a century ago. Some information about the creation of The Second Turkic Khaganate and its founders was preserved in the runic inscriptions of the monuments "Kultegin", "Tonyukuk", and "Bilge Kagan". Readers of our country are familiar with these details. However a rich set of data about The Second Turkic Khaganate and its history has been comprehensively preserved in the Chinese sources. However the relevant information in this material collection is known only to individual specialists, and is not so familiar to a wide range of readers. The article is intended to satisfy such a demand of our country's readers. The article was limited to presenting the most important data from Chinese sources.
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Oshan, Z. "PARTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT ELTERIS KHAN IN CHINESE SOURCES." edu.e-history.kz 31, no. 3 (October 20, 2022): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.51943/2710-3994_2022_31_3_56-66.
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In the article, based on Chinese data, the heroic campaigns of Kutlug Elterish-Khagan, the founder of the Second Eastern Turkic Khaganate, are described, on the way to the foundation of the khanate. On the basis of the ancient Turkic monuments, the content is discussed, which is clearly indicated and absent in the Chinese data. In 682 a direct descendant of the founding dynasty of the historical First Turkic Khanate Kutlik and a descendant of another tribeof Kok Tьrks, Tonyukuk, restored the Kok Tьrks empire, that was destroyed half a century ago. Some information about the creation of The Second Turkic Khaganate and its founders was preserved in the runic inscriptions of the monuments "Kultegin", "Tonyukuk", and "Bilge Kagan". Readers of our country are familiar with these details. However a rich set of data about The Second Turkic Khaganate and its history has been comprehensively preserved in the Chinese sources. Howeverthe relevant information in this material collection is known only to individual specialists, and is not so familiar to a wide range of readers. The article is intended to satisfy such a demand of our country's readers. The article was limited to presenting the most important data from Chinese sources.
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Klein, Wassilios. "SYRIAC WRITINGS AND TURKIC LANGUAGE ACCORDING TO CENTRAL ASIAN TOMBSTONE INSCRIPTIONS." Hugoye: Journal of Syriac Studies 5, no. 1 (May 1, 2010): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/hug-2010-050111.
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Vovin, Alexander. "A New but Not Exciting Study of Yeniseian Old Turkic Inscriptions." International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 328–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25898833-12340039.
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Kotkoff, K. A. "THE TURKIC RUNIC INSCRIPTIONS: THE PROBLEMS OF DATING AND INTERPRETATION DIFFICULTIES." Nomadic civilization historical research 3, no. 4 (2023): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53315/2782-3377-2023-3-4-9-21.
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Gabbaskyzy, Shaimerdinova Nurila. "A root morpheme in the Old Turkic language." Turkic Studies Journal 4, no. 1 (2022): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2022-1-95-108.
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The old Turkic literary language was formed on the basis of ancient Turkic dialects. In the era of the ancient Turkic kaganates, the language of runic inscriptions as a single literary language was used by various Turkic tribes or unions of tribes – Kipchaks, Oghuz, Uighurs, Turgesh, Kirghiz. The internal structure of the old Turkic literary language has been sufficiently studied in terms of graphic, phonetic-phonological, lexical, morphological. However, the morpheme-derivative system of the language has been studied fragmentarily and inconsistently. The purpose of this article is to consider the structure of the old Turkic word, in particular, the potential of the root morpheme. The structure of the old Turkic word consists of a root and affixal morphemes, differentiated into derivational, inflectional and formative. A root morpheme is a sign unit, the content of which is encoded information embodied in the lexical meaning of the word. The meaning of the root is singular and concrete, in contrast to the abstract meanings of auxiliary morphemes. The root morpheme of the old Turkic language differs from the root morphemes of modern Turkic languages in a number of ways, and above all in the preservation of historical relics, primary monosyllabic and verb-nominal syncretism. In the process of the historical development of the structure of the Turkic word on the basis of monosyllabic, a new model of the root appears, along with which many types of non-derivative roots, three/four/five/six-syllable/seven-syllabic, function in the old Turkic language, which reveals the potential of non-derivative Turkic roots. Another feature of the old Turkic root is the variability of its sound-phonemic composition ((ил/ел; ир/эр/ ер; бен/мен, сен/син, ол/ул/у; мын/мин/мен/мун/мүн) il/el; ir/er/er; ben/men, sen/sin, ol/ul/u; myn/min/men/mun/mun), which is uncharacteristic for root morphemes of modern Turkic languages. Such diffuse changes are fundamentally due to the archaism of the proto-forms and the influence of ancient Turkic dialects.The root morpheme is the old Turkic language is an active participant in the act of word creation, representing a generating basis in the formation of derivative words with word-building affixes. The derivation of the root morpheme is also revealed in the formation of complex, paired words and combinations of words, typologically inherent in the Turkic languages both in diachrony and in synchrony.The root of the old Turkic word structure is the subject of a required article by the author.
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AYDIN, Erhan. "Türk Runik Bibliyografyası’na Ek IV." Journal of Old Turkic Studies 8, no. 1 (February 23, 2024): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.35236/jots.1439337.
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Since their initial discovery, the Old Turk inscriptions in the Turkish Runic script, which represent the earliest known written texts of the Turks, have been the subject of extensive scholarly investigation, encompassing thousands of studies. The aim of the study is to contribute to the existing bibliography, as outlined in the 2017 publication entitled “Turkic Runic Bibliography” by Bilge Kültür Sanat Publications. In doing so, this research endeavour aims to expand the existing body of knowledge in two key areas: the “Additions” section will include previously overlooked publications, while the “New Publications” section will include works published in 2023. By expanding and refining the existing literature, this study aims to deepen our understanding of the rich cultural and historical heritage contained within these ancient inscriptions.
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Omarova, Saule, Aigul Ussen, Bolatkhan Sarbassov, Aizhan Kartayeva, and Nurbol Bashirov. "Didactic discourse in the poetry of the Turkic peoples." Scientific Herald of Uzhhorod University Series Physics, no. 55 (February 19, 2024): 545–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.54919/physics/55.2024.54pg5.
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Relevance. The stone inscriptions written even in the V-VIII centuries, testify to the ancient development of the literature and culture of the Turkic peoples. From the essence and content of the works of the Turkic peoples living in Central Asia, we see commonalities, such as being a conscious person, escaping from ignorance, defending the country, becoming a nation. Purpose. The article deals with the issue of didactic discourse in the works of the great thinkers of Turkic literature N. Ganzhaui, A. Nauai, A. Kunanbayev. Methodology. The issues of reading, comprehensive education and intellectual development of poets, the acquisition of moral qualities have been compared and analyzed. Results. Instructive ghazals, philosophical thoughts aimed at educating the younger generation of society with such moral qualities as diligence, humanism, patriotism, kindness, truthfulness, justice, honesty are defined. Conclusions. The genius poet Abai Kunanbayev, the pinnacle of Kazakh poetry, recognized the statesmen and genius thinkers of Azerbaijan and Uzbekistan N. Ganjaui and A. Nauai as his teachers. In Kazakh literature, Abai's “Words of edification” and poems are examples of the traditional continuation of oriental didactic works.
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Kyzlasov, Igor L. "Енисейские рунические надписи Яр-хото (Из находок первой археологической экспедиции Академии наук в Восточный Туркестан)." Ural-Altaic Studies 43, no. 4 (December 2021): 69–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-69-83.
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In 1898, Dmitry A. Klements examined a small cave monastery in the Turfan oasis near the ancient city of Yar-Khoto. On the walls of two residential caves (nos. 3 and 6), 13 graffiti in the so-called Yenisei runic script were discovered and copied. Upon Klements' returning to St. Petersburg, the inscriptions were immediately studied and identified by Academician Wilhelm Radloff (in Russian — Vasily V. Radlov), who published four prints of the inscriptions, their reading and translation. Later, using archival cop-ies, all graffiti were examined and read by Marcel Erdal. Turkologists, including Sergei G. Klyashtornyi, considered them to be marks of passing travelers. New insights and readings offered in this article link these inscriptions with the numerous Manichean prayer inscriptions made in the Yenisei runes known in the Sayan-Altai highlands. Based on the accumulation of such inscriptions in Southern Siberia, the places where Manichean monasteries existed in the early Middle Ages have been identified. Therefore, graffiti near Yar-Khoto were also left by monks who came from the Ancient Khakass state, and this was done in the 9th–10th cen-turies. The cave monastery surveyed in 1898 was Manichean, as indicated by the form of its central temple (cave 4) described in written sources, which had five sacred chambers, mandatory for such places of worship. Further study of the inscriptions should proceed from their religious purpose and their belonging to the northern, Siberian-Turkic version of Manicheism.
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Rukhliadev, Dmitriy. "Языковые материалы Фонда Центральной Азии и Сибири Отдела рукописей и документов Института восточных рукописей РАН." Ural-Altaic Studies 47, no. 4 (December 2022): 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-47-4-100-116.
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For more than 100 years, the Department of Manuscripts and Documents of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences (formerly the Asiatic Museum, the St. Petersburg branch of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences) has been collecting materials on linguistic monuments of Central Asia and Siberia (mainly Turkic). However, there was no description and cataloguing of these materials. Since January 2010, the author of the present article has carried out an inventory and identification of these materials. As a result of this work, it was found that the collection contains a large number of unique linguistic materials, mainly rubbings of Turkic runic inscriptions, which significantly expand the possibilities of linguistic and historical study of the written heritage of the ancient Turks. The rubbings are copies of texts of both well-known and unknown monuments, as well as inscriptions that were considered lost. In the course of work with the collection, materials stored in the State Hermitage Museum, the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography (Kunstkamera), the Russian Museum of Ethnography, the St. Petersburg branch of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and the Archives of the Orientalists of the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the RAS were involved. In parallel, work was carried out on the conservation of storage units. Some materials were included from other collections.
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Kydyrali, Darkhan, Altangereliin Enkhtur, Napil Bazylkhan, Nurbolat Bogenbayev, Tserenkhand Buyanhishig, and Gonçigiin Batbold. "Kutluk-Kagan Memorial Complex And Stele With Inscriptions (Preliminary scientific report of the joint expedition "Nomgon-2019, 2022" of the International Turkic Academy and the Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences)." Povolzhskaya Arkheologiya (The Volga River Region Archaeology) 1, no. 43 (March 29, 2023): 234–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.24852/pa2023.1.43.234.247.
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In 2019 and 2022, the International Turkic Academy and the Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences began to conduct joint archaeological studies and the first excavations in 9 ancient memorial complexes of the ancient Turkic era in the Nomgon valley of the Khashaat sum of the Arkhangai aimag of Mongolia. During the excavations carried out in the Nomgon-2 memorial complex, it was found that this complex was dedicated to Kutluk-Kagan (Elteris-Kagan), the founder of the II Turkic Kaganate, who ruled in 682-692, the father of the famous Bilge-Kagan and Kultegin. The head and lower part of a stone statue of a kagan, two parts of a head of a stone statue, two statues of a ram, statues of a lion with two cubs and a number of other artifacts, such as clay roof covering, bricks, a cubic stone with a hole in the middle, and kagan tamga "eshir" (ashina) on balbals were found in the complex. A special news for turkology world is the discovery of a stele with inscriptions. There, during archaeological excavations, for the first time was discovered the upper part of the stele with the image of two wolves and floral patterns, as well as the lower part with fragments of ancient Turkic texts written in runic, Sogdian and Brahmi alphabets.
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ŞİRİN USER, Hatice. "On Some Verbs Both Transitive and Intransitive in the Turkic Runic Inscriptions." Journal of Turkish Studies Volume 6 Issue 1, no. 6 (2011): 589–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/turkishstudies.2180.
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Fatkhtdinov, F. K. "SOME FEATURES OF LITERARY AND ARTISTIC IDEAS OF ANCIENT TURKIC RUNIC INSCRIPTIONS." Pedagogicheskiy Zhurnal Bashkortostana, no. 5 (2016): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21510/1817-3292-2016-5-87-94.
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Fatkhtdinov, F. K. "SOME FEATURES OF LITERARY AND ARTISTIC IDEAS OF ANCIENT TURKIC RUNIC INSCRIPTIONS." Pedagogicheskiy Zhurnal Bashkortostana, no. 5 (2016): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21510/1817-3292-2016-5-87-94.
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