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Journal articles on the topic 'Turbulent swirling'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Nejad, A. S., S. P. Vanka, S. C. Favaloro, M. Samimy, and C. Langenfeld. "Application of Laser Velocimetry for Characterization of Confined Swirling Flow." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 111, no. 1 (January 1, 1989): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240225.

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A two-component LDV was used in a cold flow dump combustor model to obtain detailed mean and turbulence data for both swirling and nonswirling inlet flows. Large samples were collected to resolve the second and third-order products of turbulent fluctuations with good accuracy. Particle interarrival time weighting was used to remove velocity bias from the data. The swirling flows, with and without vortex breakdown, exhibited significantly different mean flow and turbulent field behavior. A numerical scheme with the k–ε closure model was used to predict the flow fields. Comparison of the numerical and experimental results showed that the k–ε turbulence model is inadequate in representing the complex turbulent structure of confined swirling flows.

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2

Yang, Xingtuan, Nan Gui, Gongnan Xie, Jie Yan, Jiyuan Tu, and Shengyao Jiang. "Anisotropic Characteristics of Turbulence Dissipation in Swirling Flow: A Direct Numerical Simulation Study." Advances in Mathematical Physics 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/657620.

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This study investigates the anisotropic characteristics of turbulent energy dissipation rate in a rotating jet flow via direct numerical simulation. The turbulent energy dissipation tensor, including its eigenvalues in the swirling flows with different rotating velocities, is analyzed to investigate the anisotropic characteristics of turbulence and dissipation. In addition, the probability density function of the eigenvalues of turbulence dissipation tensor is presented. The isotropic subrange of PDF always exists in swirling flows relevant to small-scale vortex structure. Thus, with remarkable large-scale vortex breakdown, the isotropic subrange of PDF is reduced in strongly swirling flows, and anisotropic energy dissipation is proven to exist in the core region of the vortex breakdown. More specifically, strong anisotropic turbulence dissipation occurs concentratively in the vortex breakdown region, whereas nearly isotropic turbulence dissipation occurs dispersively in the peripheral region of the strong swirling flows.

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3

Yan, Jie, Nan Gui, Gongnan Xie, and Jinsen Gao. "Direct Numerical Simulation and Visualization of Biswirling Jets." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 193731. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/193731.

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Two parallel swirling/rotating jets with a distance between them are termed biswirling jets here, which have important and complicated vortex structures different from the single swirling jet due to the negligible vortex-vortex interactions. The visualization of vortex-vortex interaction between the biswirling jets is accomplished by using direct numerical simulation. The evolution of vortex structures of the biswirling jets is found rather complicated. The turbulent kinetic energy and turbulence dissipation in the central convergence region are augmented locally and rather strongly. The modulation of turbulent kinetic energy by jet-jet interaction upon different scales of vortices is dominated by the swirling levels and the distance between the jets. The turbulent kinetic energy upon intermediate and small scale vortices in bijets with not very high swirling level and at a very close distance is smaller than that in single swirling jets, whereas the opposite is true under a far distance, and so forth.

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4

Xu, Wenkai, Nan Gui, Liang Ge, and Jie Yan. "Direct Numerical Simulation of Twin Swirling Flow Jets: Effect of Vortex-Vortex Interaction on Turbulence Modification." Journal of Computational Engineering 2014 (July 9, 2014): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/313201.

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A direct numerical simulation (DNS) was carried out to study twin swirling jets which are issued from two parallel nozzles at a Reynolds number of Re = 5000 and three swirl levels of S = 0.68, 1.08, and 1.42, respectively. The basic structures of vortex-vortex interaction and temporal evolution are illustrated. The characteristics of axial variation of turbulent fluctuation velocities, in both the near and far field, in comparison to a single swirling jet, are shown to explore the effects of vortex-vortex interaction on turbulence modifications. Moreover, the second order turbulent fluctuations are also shown, by which the modification of turbulence associated with the coherent or correlated turbulent fluctuation and turbulent kinetic energy transport characteristics are clearly indicated. It is found that the twin swirling flow has a fairly strong localized vortex-vortex interaction between a pair of inversely rotated vortices. The location and strength of interaction depend on swirl level greatly. The modification of vortex takes place by transforming large-scale vortices into complex small ones, whereas the modulation of turbulent kinetic energy is continuously augmented by strong vortex modification.

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5

Nazarov, F. Kh. "Comparing Turbulence Models for Swirling Flows." Herald of the Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Series Natural Sciences, no. 2 (95) (April 2021): 25–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/1812-3368-2021-2-25-36.

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The paper considers a turbulent fluid flow in a rotating pipe, known as the Taylor --- Couette --- Poiseuille flow. Linear RANS models are not suitable for simulating this type of problems, since the turbulence in these flows is strongly anisotropic, which means that solving these problems requires models accounting for turbulence anisotropy. Modified linear models featuring corrections for flow rotations, such as the SARC model, make it possible to obtain satisfactory solutions. A new approach to turbulence problems has appeared recently. It allowed a novel two-fluid turbulence model to be created. What makes this model different is that it can describe strongly anisotropic turbulent flows; moreover, it is easy to implement numerically while not being computationally expensive. We compared the results of solving the Taylor --- Couette --- Poiseuille flow problem using the novel two-fluid model and the SARC model. The numerical investigation results obtained from the novel two-fluid model show a better agreement with the experimental data than the results provided by the SARC model

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6

Stepanov, Rodion, Peter Frick, Vladimir Dulin, and Dmitriy Markovich. "Analysis of mean and fluctuating helicity measured by TomoPIV in swirling jet." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02097. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002097.

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Important role of helicity was theoretically predicted for the generation of large-scale magnetic fields and atmospheric vortices. Helicity can lead to a reduction of turbulent dissipation in the atmosphere or in a specific constrained flow, e.g. in pipe. We use the TomoPIV data (42 cube of grid points, resolution 0.84 mm) to measure 3D velocity field of turbulent swirling flows. We study spatial distribution of the mean and fluctuating components of energy and helicity. We find that helical turbulence excitation and decay along stream of the jet strongly depend on the inflow swirl. We observe spatial separation of turbulent flow with different sign of helicity while integrated values are conserves. It is shown that large scale swirling flow induces helicity at the small scales. Our results bring valuable materials for benchmark the modern numerical simulations with turbulent closure technique.

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7

Gomez, L., R. Mohan, and O. Shoham. "Swirling Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow—Experiment and Modeling Part II: Turbulent Quantities and Core Stability." Journal of Fluids Engineering 126, no. 6 (November 1, 2004): 943–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1849254.

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In Part I of this two-part paper on swirling gas–liquid two-phase flow, correlations have been developed for the continuous liquid-phase velocity field under swirling conditions, such as that occurring in the lower part of the Gas–Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (GLCC©1) compact separator. The developed correlations, including the axial, tangential, and radial velocity distributions, are applicable for swirling flow in both cyclones and pipe flow. The first objective of this paper is to extend the study of Part I by developing correlations for the turbulent quantities of the continuous liquid phase, including the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate and Reynolds shear stresses. The second objective is to study experimentally and theoretically two-phase swirling flow gas-core characteristics and stability. The first objective has been met utilizing local LDV measurements acquired for swirling flow. The developed turbulent quantities correlations have been tested against data from other studies, showing good agreement. For the second objective, experimental data have been acquired under swirling two-phase flow conditions. A model for the prediction of the gas-core diameter and stability in swirling flow field has been developed, based on the turbulent kinetic energy behavior predicted by the developed correlations. Good agreement is observed between the model predictions and the data.

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8

Stoellinger, Michael K., Stefan Heinz, Celestin P. Zemtsop, Harish Gopalan, and Reza Mokhtarpoor. "Stochastic-Based RANS-LES Simulations of Swirling Turbulent Jet Flows." International Journal of Nonlinear Sciences and Numerical Simulation 18, no. 5 (July 26, 2017): 351–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijnsns-2016-0069.

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AbstractMany turbulent flow simulations require the use of hybrid methods because LES methods are computationally too expensive and RANS methods are not sufficiently accurate. We consider a recently suggested hybrid RANS-LES model that has a sound theoretical basis: it is systematically derived from a realizable stochastic turbulence model. The model is applied to turbulent swirling and nonswirling jet flow simulations. The results are shown to be in a very good agreement with available experimental data of nonswirling and mildly swirling jet flows. Compared to commonly applied other hybrid RANS-LES methods, our RANS-LES model does not seem to suffer from the ’modeled-stress depletion’ problem that is observed in DES and IDDES simulations of nonswirling jet flows, and it performs better than segregated RANS-LES models. The results presented contribute to a better physical understanding of swirling jet flows through an explanation of conditions for the onset and the mechanism of vortex breakdown.

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9

Riahi, A., and P. G. Hill. "Turbulent Swirling Flow in Short Cylindrical Chambers." Journal of Fluids Engineering 115, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 444–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910158.

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Turbulent swirling flow in a short closed cylindrical chamber has been measured with laser Doppler anemometry. The swirl was generated by a rotating roughened disk and measured during steady and transient conditions with a smooth disk. The velocity and turbulence fields were found to be strongly dependent on swirl Reynolds numbers (in the range 0.3 × 106 < ΩR2/v < 0.6 × 106) and on chamber length-to-diameter ratio (in the range 0.1 ≤ L/D ≤ 0.5). With a roughened disk the flow was nearly independent of Reynolds number though still strongly dependent on chamber length-to-diameter ratio.

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10

Schutz, W. M., and J. W. Naughton. "Wake rotation impacts on wake decay." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2265, no. 2 (May 1, 2022): 022090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2265/2/022090.

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Abstract This study considers the behavior of a well-conditioned swirling turbulent wake. A custom swirling wake generator was used to produce a swirling wake absent of a tower that complicates the flow regime. Four swirling wakes were studied with swirl numbers ranging from 0.19 to 0.37 and compared to a non-swirling counterpart. Two-component Laser-Doppler Anemometry was used to measure mean and turbulent quantities in the wake. Measured profiles were analyzed based on similarity theory applied to a swirling wake. The results show that wake behavior was impacted by the initial swirl strength. Generally, wake growth rate and axial deficit decay rate increased with higher levels of swirl, and tangential velocity decay rate increased with lower levels of swirl. However, the wake that diffused fastest was the case with a swirl number of 0.27.

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11

Ahmed, Zahir U., Yasir M. Al-Abdeli, and Ferdinando G. Guzzomi. "Impingement pressure characteristics of swirling and non-swirling turbulent jets." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 68 (November 2015): 722–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2015.07.017.

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12

Ahmed, S. A. "An isothermal experimental investigation of turbulence transport through an abrupt axisymmetric expansion." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 212, no. 1 (January 1, 1998): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954410981532126.

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A non-intrusive, two-component laser Doppler velocimeter was employed to measure the flow properties of a confined, isothermal, swirling flowfield in an axisymmetric sudden expansion research combustor. A constant angle swirler was used to stir the flow at the inlet of the combustor. Measurements of mean velocities, Reynolds stresses and triple products were carried out at axial distances ranging from 0.38 H (step height) to 18 H downstream of the swirler. Detailed experimental data are provided to help in the understanding of the behaviour of swirling, recirculating, axisymmetric and turbulent flows. Also, these detailed experimental data will be available for upgrading advanced numerical codes. The turbulent kinetic energy terms, convection, diffusion and production, were computed directly from the experimental data using central differencing, while the dissipation term was obtained from an energy balance equation. The swirling flow data are compared with the simple dump flow in the same experimental arrangement and it is shown that swirl enhances the production and distribution of turbulence energy in the combustor which, in turn, indicates thorough flow mixing and earlier flow recovery.

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13

Sommerfeld, M., A. Ando, and D. Wennerberg. "Swirling, Particle-Laden Flows Through a Pipe Expansion." Journal of Fluids Engineering 114, no. 4 (December 1, 1992): 648–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910081.

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The present study concerns a particle-laden, swirling flow through a pipe expansion. A gas-particle flow enters the test section through a center tube, and a swirling air stream enters through a coaxial annulus. The swirl number based on the total inflow is 0.47. Numerical predictions of the gas flow were performed using a finite-volume approach for solving the time-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The predicted mean velocity profiles showed good agreement with experimental results when using the standard k-ε turbulence model. The turbulent kinetic energy of the gas phase, however, is considerably underpredicted by this turbulence model, especially in the initial mixing region of the two jets. The particle dispersion characteristics in this complex flow were studied by using the Lagrangian method for particle tracking and considering the particle size distribution. The influence of the particle phase onto the fluid flow was neglected in the present stage, since only low particle loadings were considered. The particle mean velocities were again predicted reasonably well and differences between experiment and simulation were only found in the velocity fluctuations, which is partly the result of the underpredicted turbulent kinetic energy of the gas phase. The most sensitive parameter for validating the quality of numerical simulations for particle dispersion is the development of the particle mean number diameter which showed reasonable agreement with the experiments, except for the core region of the central recirculation bubble. This, however, is attributed again to the predicted low turbulent kinetic energy of the gas phase.

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14

Benim, A., P. Stopford, E. Buchanan, and K. Syed. "Simulation of Turbulent Swirling Flows: Gas Turbine Combustor Application and Validation." NAFEMS International Journal of CFD Case Studies 7 (August 2008): 5–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.59972/drurpexw.

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In the first part of the paper, CFD analysis of the combusting flow within a high-swirl lean premixed gas turbine combustor and over the 1st row nozzle guide vanes is presented. In this analysis, the focus of the investigation is the fluid dynamics at the combustor/turbine interface and its impact on the turbine. The predictions show the existence of a highly-rotating vortex core in the combustor, which is in strong interaction with the turbine nozzle guide vanes. This has been observed to be in agreement with the temperature indicated by thermal paint observations. The results suggest that swirling flow vortex core transition phenomena play a very important role in gas turbine combustors with modern lean-premixed dry low emissions technology. As the predictability of vortex core transition phenomena has not yet sufficiently been investigated, a fundamental validation study has been initiated, with the aim of validating the predictive capability of currently-available modelling procedures for turbulent swirling flows near the sub/supercritical vortex core transition. In the second part of the paper, results are presented, which analyse such transitional turbulent swirling flows in a laboratory water test rig. It has been observed that turbulent swirling flows of interest are dominated by low-frequency transient motion of coherent structures, which can not be adequately simulated within the framework of steady-state RANS turbulence modelling approaches. It has been found that useful results can be obtained only by modelling strategies, which resolve the three-dimensional, transient motion of coherent structures, and do not assume a scalar turbulent viscosity at all scales. These models include RSM based URANS procedures as well as LES. To exploit the full potential of LES, however, additional attention needs to be paid to modelling issues such as achieving the necessary grid resolution as well as providing convenient inlet boundary conditions.

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15

Dulin, Vladimir, Yuriy Kozorezov, Dmitriy Markovich, and Mikhail Tokarev. "Stereo Piv Diagnostics of Flow Structure in Swirling Turbulent Propane Flames." Siberian Journal of Physics 4, no. 3 (October 1, 2009): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54362/1818-7919-2009-4-3-30-42.

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This paper is devoted to experimental study of the instantaneous and average flow structure in the pre-mixed propaneair swirling flames using optical noncontact PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) method in stereoscopic configuration. A visualization of the typical regimes of combustion for the swirling and non-swirling flame in a wide range of Reynolds numbers and equivalence ratios is presented. In addition, boundaries of steady combustion are defined. Measurements of instantaneous velocity fields for typical combustion regimes are performed. Instantaneous velocity fields were used to calculate the spatial distribution of the mean velocity and turbulence kinetic energy component. Interaction of the flame with a large-scale vortex structures is studied. It shows significantly different effects of burning on the turbulent structure of twisted jet. The paper describes algorithms of data processing, in particular, adaptive cross-correlation method of calculating the instantaneous velocity fields based on an analysis of the local particle image concentration. This method allows to effectively filtering out the velocity vector outliers, which appear in areas with low concentration of tracers during gas flows diagnostics, and calculate the spatial distribution of such characteristics as the intensity of turbulent pulsations.

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16

Nieh, Sen, and Jian Zhang. "Simulation of the Strongly Swirling Aerodynamic Field in a Vortex Combustor." Journal of Fluids Engineering 114, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 367–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910039.

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This paper presents the simulation of the strongly swirling aerodynamic field in a coal-fired vortex combustor (VC) recently developed for commercial heating applications. A new version of algebraic Reynolds stress model was employed for the closure of non-isotropic turbulence. The calculated results of the 25 cm I.D. bench-scale and the 61 cm I.D. full-scale VC cold test models showed the pertinent aerodynamic features of the VC in terms of strongly swirling, developing, recirculating, and non-isotropic turbulent flow. The dynamic similarity was generally maintained for VCs of different scales.

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17

Fauve, S., C. Laroche, and B. Castaing. "Pressure fluctuations in swirling turbulent flows." Journal de Physique II 3, no. 3 (March 1993): 271–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1993129.

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18

Labbé, R., J. F. Pinton, and S. Fauve. "Power Fluctuations in Turbulent Swirling Flows." Journal de Physique II 6, no. 7 (July 1996): 1099–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp2:1996118.

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19

Külsheimer, C., and H. Büchner. "Combustion dynamics of turbulent swirling flames." Combustion and Flame 131, no. 1-2 (October 2002): 70–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0010-2180(02)00394-2.

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20

Palies, P., T. Schuller, D. Durox, L. Y. M. Gicquel, and S. Candel. "Acoustically perturbed turbulent premixed swirling flames." Physics of Fluids 23, no. 3 (March 2011): 037101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3553276.

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21

Riahi, A., M. Salcudean, and P. G. Hill. "Computer simulation of turbulent swirling flows." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 29, no. 3 (March 1990): 533–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nme.1620290306.

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22

Ćoćić, Aleksandar, Balazs Pritz, Martin Gabi, and Milan Lečić. "Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Swirling Flows." PAMM 13, no. 1 (November 29, 2013): 309–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pamm.201310150.

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23

Karelin, A. N., N. E. Karelin, and E. N. Karelin. "Turbulent Swirling Gas Flow around Obstacles." Russian Engineering Research 42, no. 12 (December 2022): 1217–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x22120188.

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24

Gaifullin, A. M., and A. S. Shcheglov. "Swirling Three-Dimensional Turbulent Wall Jet." Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics 44, no. 5 (May 2023): 1616–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1995080223050177.

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25

Malikov, Zafar M., Farrukh Kh Nazarov, and Murodil E. Madaliev. "Comparison of advanced turbulence models for the Taylor-Couette flow." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Matematika i mekhanika, no. 78 (2022): 125–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/19988621/78/10.

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Swirling flows of fluids and gases are an integral part of many complex flows which are widely encountered in nature and technology. The working process of numerous technical devices (cyclones, vortex combustion chambers, air separators, gas and steam turbines, electric machines and generators, etc.) is generally determined by the laws of hydrodynamics and heat exchange of rotating flows. The problem of deriving general laws for a turbulent flow in the field of centrifugal forces provokes considerable scientific interest since it belongs to an underdeveloped field of hydromechanics. Therefore, mathematical modeling of swirling turbulent flows is still an urgent problem. In this paper, a comparative analysis of the advanced turbulence models for the Taylor -Couette flow is carried out. For this purpose, the linear turbulence models (SARC and SST-RC), the Reynolds stress method SSG/LRR-RSM-w2012, and a two-fluid model are used. The results obtained using these models are compared with each other and with known experimental data and direct numerical simulation results. The numerical results calculated with the use of turbulence models for the Taylor-Couette flow confirm that almost all the models adequately describe velocity profiles. However, they yield different turbulent viscosity values and, as a result, different friction coefficients. A comparison of the numerical results shows that the friction coefficient calculated using a two-fluid turbulence model is the closest to that obtained experimentally.

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26

Ahmed, Zahir U., Yasir M. Al-Abdeli, and Ferdinando G. Guzzomi. "Heat transfer characteristics of swirling and non-swirling impinging turbulent jets." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 102 (November 2016): 991–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.06.037.

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27

Деменков, Андрей Геннадьевич, and Геннадий Георгиевич Черных. "Numerical modelling of swirling momentumless turbulent wake dynamics." Вычислительные технологии, no. 5(23) (November 2, 2018): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2018.23.5.004.

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С применением математической модели, включающей осредненные уравнения движения и дифференциальные уравнения переноса нормальных рейнольдсовых напряжений и скорости диссипации, выполнено численное моделирование эволюции безымпульсного закрученного турбулентного следа с ненулевым моментом количества движения за телом вращения. Получено, что начиная с расстояний порядка 1000 диаметров от тела течение становится автомодельным. На основе анализа результатов численных экспериментов построены упрощенные математические модели дальнего следа. Swirling turbulent jet flows are of interest in connection with the design and development of various energy and chemical-technological devices as well as both study of flow around bodies and solving problems of environmental hydrodynamics, etc. An interesting example of such a flow is a swirling turbulent wake behind bodies of revolution. Analysis of the known works on the numerical simulation of swirling turbulent wakes behind bodies of revolution indicates lack of knowledge on the dynamics of the momentumless swirling turbulent wake. A special case of the motion of a body with a propulsor whose thrust compensates the swirl is studied, but there is a nonzero integral swirl in the flow. In previous works with the participation of the authors, a numerical simulation of the initial stage of the evolution of a swirling momentumless turbulent wake based on a hierarchy of second-order mathematical models was performed. It is shown that a satisfactory agreement of the results of calculations with the available experimental data is possible only with the use of a mathematical model that includes the averaged equations of motion and differential equations for the transfer of normal Reynolds stresses along the rate of dissipation. In the present work, based on the above mentioned mathematical model, a numerical simulation of the evolution of a far momentumless swirling turbulent wake with a nonzero angular momentum behind the body of revolution is performed. It is shown that starting from distances of the order of 1000 diameters from the body the flow becomes self-similar. Based on the analysis of the results of numerical experiments, simplified mathematical models of the far wake are constructed. The authors dedicate this work to the blessed memory of Vladimir Alekseevich Kostomakha.

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28

Torii, S., and W. J. Yang. "Swirling Effects on Laminarization of Gas Flow in a Strongly Heated Tube." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 2 (May 1, 1999): 307–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2825981.

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A numerical study is performed to investigate thermal transport phenomena in a process of laminarization from a turbulent flow in a strongly heated circular tube in coaxial rotation. The k-ε turbulence and t2-εt, heat transfer models are employed to determine the turbulent viscosity and eddy diffusivity for heat, respectively. The governing boundary layer equations are discretized by means of a control-volume finite difference technique and numerically solved using a marching procedure. When the tube is at rest, it is disclosed that: (i) when laminarization occurs, the streamwise velocity gradient at the wall is diminished along the flow, resulting in a substantial reduction in the turbulent kinetic energy over the whole tube cross section, (ii) the attenuation causes a deterioration in heat transfer performance, and (iii) simultaneously, both the turbulent heat flux and temperature variance diminish over the whole tube cross section in the flow direction. However, the presence of tube rotation contributes to the promotion of laminarization of gas flow. The mechanism is that a reduction in the velocity gradient induced by tube rotation suppresses the production of turbulent kinetic energy, resulting in an amplification in laminarizing the flow process.

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29

Yun, Zhong, Chuang Xiang, Xiao Yan Tang, and Fen Shi. "Study on the Turbulent Injury Principle of Blood in the High-Speed Spiral Blood Pump." Advanced Materials Research 393-395 (November 2011): 992–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.393-395.992.

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The strongly swirling turbulent flow in the internal flow field of a high-speed spiral blood pump(HSBP), is one of important factors leading to the fragmentation of the red blood cell(RBC) and the hemolysis. The study on the turbulent injure principle of blood in the HSBP is carried out by using the theory of waterpower rotated flow field and the hemorheology. The numerical equation of the strongly swirling turbulent flow field is proposed. The largest stable diameter of red blood cells in the turbulent flow field is analyzed. The determinant gist on the red blood cell turbulent fragmentation is obtained. The results indicate that in the HSMP, when turbulent flow is more powerful, shear stress is weaker, the vortex mass with energy in flow field may cause serious turbulent fragmentation because of the diameter which is smaller than the RBC’s. The RBC’s turbulent breakage will occur when the Weber value is larger than 12.

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30

Yun, Zhong, Xiao Yan Tang, Chuang Xiang, and Fen Shi. "The Criterion of Red Blood Cell’s Fragmentation and the Turbulent Flow Field Simulation Analysis in the High-Speed Spiral Blood Pump." Advanced Materials Research 422 (December 2011): 767–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.767.

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For a blood pump, the injury to blood is a very important index of its performance. The strongly swirling turbulent flow in the internal flow field of a high-speed spiral blood pump(HSBP), is one of important factors leading to the fragmentation of the red blood cell(RBC) and the hemolysis. The study on the turbulent injure principle of blood in the HSBP is carried out by using the theory of the turbulent flow field and the hemorheology. The determinant gist on RBC turbulent fragmentation is obtained. The turbulent flow in the designed HSBP have been simulated and analyzed by using the multiphase suspend body CFD simulation technology. The simulation results indicate that the turbulence in the designed HSBP can meet the requirements of blood physiology.

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31

Taghavi, R., E. J. Rice, and S. Farokhi. "Controlled Excitation of a Cold Turbulent Swirling Free Jet." Journal of Vibration and Acoustics 110, no. 2 (April 1, 1988): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3269504.

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Experimental results from acoustic excitation of a cold free turbulent jet with and without swirl are presented. A flow with a swirl number of 0.35 (i.e., moderate swirl) is excited internally by plane acoustic waves at a constant sound pressure level and at various frequencies. It is observed that the cold swirling jet is excitable by plane waves, and that the instability waves grow about 50 percent less in peak r.m.s. amplitude, and saturate further upstream compared to corresponding waves in a jet without swirl having the same axial mass flux. The preferred Strouhal number based on the mass-averaged axial velocity and nozzle exit diameter for both swirling and nonswirling flows is 0.4. So far no change in the mean velocity components of the swirling jet is observed as a result of excitation.

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32

Grimitlin, A. M., and A. S. Strongin. "Assessment of the efficiency of the use of activating turbulent jets to eliminate the risk of the formation of unventilated zones in large premises." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2131, no. 5 (December 1, 2021): 052068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2131/5/052068.

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Abstract Strict requirements for microclimate parameters are imposed on food storage premises, which are equipped with artificial cooling systems. The experience of operating the refrigerated premises revealed the following disadvantages: uneven distribution and significant fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity; periodic precipitation of condensate in low-temperature sections. Elimination of the noted disadvantages is effectively achieved by using axial fans that form a swirling air stream that induces the ambient air. Swirling jets used to intensify the process of air circulation in a room in order to eliminate unventilated zones will be called activating jets. To assess the efficiency of the application of activating turbulent jets, an integral method based on the energy balance was used. Using the example of a representative object, it is shown that the distance of the effective application of an activating turbulent jet should be calculated taking into account the influence of environmental turbulence, which is determined by the amount of energy introduced and dissipated in the room.

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33

Yang, Sheng Qiang, Wen Hui Li, and Shi Chun Yang. "Flows Field Simulation of Two-Phase Swirling Flows Finishing." Advanced Materials Research 24-25 (September 2007): 17–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.24-25.17.

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Two-phase swirling flows finishing is put forward mainly for hole surface. By theoretic analysis and experimental research, the characteristics of flows field will directly affect finishing quality and efficiency. On the basic premise of defining Renault stress model on swirling flows field, numerical simulation of velocity vector graph, turbulent kinetic energy graph, turbulent dissipation ratio graph, pressure distribution graph, vorticity magnitude distribution graph etc. are made, and vorticity magnitude and tangential velocity in different mediums are contrasted, which provide theoretic basis for thorough research.

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34

Ikhlaq, Muhammad, Yasir M. Al-Abdeli, and Mehdi Khiadani. "Transient heat transfer characteristics of swirling and non-swirling turbulent impinging jets." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 109 (December 2019): 109917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2019.109917.

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35

Ahmed, S. A. "Three component velocity measurements of an isothermal confined swirling flow." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part G: Journal of Aerospace Engineering 211, no. 2 (February 1, 1997): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954410971532541.

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A two-component fibre-optic laser Doppler velocimeter (LDV) system has been employed to measure the flowfield characteristics of a confined, isothermal strongly swirling flow in a combustor model. The primary objectives are to understand such complex flowfields and to provide complete benchmark data for comparisons with numerical predictions based on practical models for turbulent swirling flows, and thereby guide the development of such models. For this confined strongly swirling flow, the measurements show the radial velocity component (close to the swirler exit) to be of the same order as the axial and swirl components. Comprehensive and detailed data show a large central recirculation region close to the dump plane which extends beyond the last measurement station. High velocity gradients and high turbulence activities are common for this type of flow and the current set of data confirms these previous findings. Generally speaking, most of the mixing takes place in the shear layer between the annular swirling jet and the corner recirculation region due to the sudden expansion.

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36

Aghakashi, V., and Mohammad Hassan Saidi. "TURBULENT DECAYING SWIRLING FLOW IN A PIPE." Heat Transfer Research 49, no. 16 (2018): 1559–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/heattransres.2018021519.

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37

Kouda, T., and Yoshimichi Hagiwara. "TURBULENT SWIRLING WATER FLOW WITH OIL DROPLETS." Multiphase Science and Technology 18, no. 1 (2006): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/multscientechn.v18.i1.30.

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38

Benim, A. C., and M. P. Escudier. "Turbulent Swirling Flows: Physical Phenomena and Modelling." Computational Technology Reviews 1 (September 14, 2010): 215–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4203/ctr.1.8.

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39

Shvab, A. V., and V. Yu Khairullina. "Swirling turbulent flow between rotating profiled discs." Theoretical Foundations of Chemical Engineering 45, no. 5 (October 2011): 646–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0040579511050368.

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40

TAKAMI, Toshihiro, Masashi YAMAGUCHI, and Keisuke HIRAGA. "Swirling Turbulent Flows in a Curved Pipe." Proceedings of the JSME annual meeting 2003.2 (2003): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecjo.2003.2.0_185.

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41

Früchtel, G., E. P. Hassel, and J. Janicka. "Turbulent length scales in a swirling flame." Symposium (International) on Combustion 26, no. 1 (January 1996): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0082-0784(96)80217-7.

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42

So, R. M. C., and M. Anwer. "Swirling turbulent flow through a curved pipe." Experiments in Fluids 14, no. 3 (January 1993): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00189507.

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43

Anwer, M., and R. M. C. So. "Swirling turbulent flow through a curved pipe." Experiments in Fluids 14, no. 1-2 (December 1993): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00196992.

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44

Sidey, J., and E. Mastorakos. "Visualisation of turbulent swirling dual-fuel flames." Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 36, no. 2 (2017): 1721–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.045.

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45

Naji, H. "The prediction of turbulent swirling jet flow." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 29, no. 2 (February 1986): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0017-9310(86)90225-5.

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46

Wood, D. H., R. D. Mehta, and S. G. Koh. "Structure of a swirling turbulent mixing layer." Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science 5, no. 2 (March 1992): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0894-1777(92)90006-q.

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47

Arora, Kartik, Radhakrishna Sureshkumar, Matthew P. Scheiner, and Justin L. Piper. "Surfactant-induced effects on turbulent swirling flows." Rheologica Acta 41, no. 1-2 (January 1, 2002): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003970200002.

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48

Craft, Tim, Hector Iacovides, Brian Launder, and Athanasios Zacharos. "Some Swirling-flow Challenges for Turbulent CFD." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 80, no. 4 (May 22, 2008): 419–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-008-9156-0.

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49

Alekseenko, Sergey V., Vladimir M. Dulin, Yuriy S. Kozorezov, Dmitriy M. Markovich, Sergey I. Shtork, and Mikhail P. Tokarev. "Flow Structure of Swirling Turbulent Propane Flames." Flow, Turbulence and Combustion 87, no. 4 (April 19, 2011): 569–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10494-011-9340-5.

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50

Itoh, Kimitaka, Sanae-I. Itoh, Nobumitsu Yokoi, and Akira Yoshizawa. "On Flow Reversal in Turbulent Swirling Flow." Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 72, no. 11 (November 15, 2003): 2781–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jpsj.72.2781.

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