Academic literature on the topic 'Turbulent'

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Journal articles on the topic "Turbulent"

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Souza, José Francisco Almeida de, José Luiz Lima de Azevedo, Leopoldo Rota de Oliveira, Ivan Dias Soares, and Maurício Magalhães Mata. "TURBULENCE MODELING IN GEOPHYSICAL FLOWS – PART I – FIRST-ORDER TURBULENT CLOSURE MODELING." Revista Brasileira de Geofísica 32, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22564/rbgf.v32i1.395.

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ABSTRACT. The usage of so-called turbulence closure models within hydrodynamic circulation models comes from the need to adequately describe vertical mixing processes. Even among the classical turbulence models; that is, those based on the Reynolds decomposition technique (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes – RANS), there is a variety of approaches that can be followed for the modeling of turbulent flows (second moment) of momentum, heat, salinity, and other properties. Essentially, these approaches are divided into those which use the concept of turbulent viscosity/diffusivity in the modeling of the second moment, and those which do not use it. In this work we present and discuss the models that employ this concept, in which the viscosity can be considered constant or variable. In this latter scenario, besides those that use the concepts of mixture length, the models that use one or two differential transport equations for determining the viscosity are presented. The fact that two transport equations are used – one for the turbulent kinetic energy and the other for the turbulent length scale – make these latter ones the most complete turbulent closure models in this category. Keywords: turbulence modeling, turbulence models, first-order models, first-order turbulent closure. RESUMO. A descrição adequada dos processos de mistura vertical nos modelos de circulação hidrodinâmica é o objetivo dos chamados modelos de turbulência, os quais são acoplados aos primeiros. Mesmo entre os modelos clássicos de turbulência, isto é, aqueles que se baseiam na técnica de decomposição de Reynolds (Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes – RANS), existe uma variedade de abordagens que podem ser seguidas na modelagem dos fluxos turbulentos (segundos momentos) de momentum, calor, salinidade e outras propriedades. Fundamentalmente estas abordagens dividem-se entre aquelas que utilizam o conceito de viscosidade/ difusividade turbulenta na modelagem dos segundos momentos, e aquelas que não o utilizam. Nesse trabalho são apresentados e discutidos os modelos que empregam este conceito, onde a viscosidade pode ser considerada constante ou variável. No caso variável, além daqueles que utilizam o conceito de comprimento de mistura, são ainda apresentados os modelos que utilizam uma ou duas equações diferenciais de transporte para a determinação da viscosidade. O fato de empregar duas equações de transporte, uma para a energia cinética turbulenta e outra para a escala de comprimento turbulento, fazem destes últimos os mais completos modelos de fechamento turbulento desta categoria. Palavras-chave: modelagem da turbulência, modelos de turbulência, modelos de primeira ordem, fechamento turbulento de primeira orde
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Teixeira, M. A. C., and C. B. da Silva. "Turbulence dynamics near a turbulent/non-turbulent interface." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 695 (February 13, 2012): 257–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2012.17.

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AbstractThe characteristics of the boundary layer separating a turbulence region from an irrotational (or non-turbulent) flow region are investigated using rapid distortion theory (RDT). The turbulence region is approximated as homogeneous and isotropic far away from the bounding turbulent/non-turbulent (T/NT) interface, which is assumed to remain approximately flat. Inviscid effects resulting from the continuity of the normal velocity and pressure at the interface, in addition to viscous effects resulting from the continuity of the tangential velocity and shear stress, are taken into account by considering a sudden insertion of the T/NT interface, in the absence of mean shear. Profiles of the velocity variances, turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), viscous dissipation rate ($\varepsilon $), turbulence length scales, and pressure statistics are derived, showing an excellent agreement with results from direct numerical simulations (DNS). Interestingly, the normalized inviscid flow statistics at the T/NT interface do not depend on the form of the assumed TKE spectrum. Outside the turbulent region, where the flow is irrotational (except inside a thin viscous boundary layer),$\varepsilon $decays as${z}^{\ensuremath{-} 6} $, where$z$is the distance from the T/NT interface. The mean pressure distribution is calculated using RDT, and exhibits a decrease towards the turbulence region due to the associated velocity fluctuations, consistent with the generation of a mean entrainment velocity. The vorticity variance and$\varepsilon $display large maxima at the T/NT interface due to the inviscid discontinuities of the tangential velocity variances existing there, and these maxima are quantitatively related to the thickness$\delta $of the viscous boundary layer (VBL). For an equilibrium VBL, the RDT analysis suggests that$\delta \ensuremath{\sim} \eta $(where$\eta $is the Kolmogorov microscale), which is consistent with the scaling law identified in a very recent DNS study for shear-free T/NT interfaces.
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MIYAUCHI, Toshio. "Turbulence and Turbulent Combustion." TRENDS IN THE SCIENCES 19, no. 4 (2014): 4_44–4_48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5363/tits.19.4_44.

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Madaliev, Murodil, Zokhidjon Abdulkhaev, Jamshidbek Otajonov, Khasanboy Kadyrov, Inomjan Bilolov, Sharabiddin Israilov, and Nurzoda Abdullajonov. "Comparison of numerical results of turbulence models for the problem of heat transfer in turbulent molasses." E3S Web of Conferences 508 (2024): 05007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450805007.

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The study introduces Malikov's two-fluid methodology along with the RSM turbulence model for simulating turbulent heat transfer phenomena. It elucidates that temperature fluctuations within turbulent flows arise from temperature differentials between the respective fluids. Leveraging the two-fluid paradigm, the researchers develop a mathematical framework to characterize turbulent heat transfer dynamics. This resultant turbulence model is then applied to analyze heat propagation in turbulent flows around a flat plate and in scenarios involving submerged jets. To validate the model's efficacy, numerical outcomes are juxtaposed against established RSM turbulence models and experimental findings. The comparative analysis reveals that the two-fluid turbulent transport model aptly captures the thermodynamic behaviors inherent in turbulent flows with exceptional precision.
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Blair, M. F. "Boundary-Layer Transition in Accelerating Flows With Intense Freestream Turbulence: Part 2—The Zone of Intermittent Turbulence." Journal of Fluids Engineering 114, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2910033.

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Hot-wire anemometry was employed to examine the laminar-to-turbulent transition of low-speed, two-dimensional boundary layers for two (moderate) levels of flow acceleration and various levels of grid-generated freestream turbulence. Flows with an adiabatic wall and with uniform-flux heat transfer were explored. Conditional discrimination techniques were employed to examine the zones of flow within the transitional region. This analysis demonstrated that as much as one-half of the streamwise-component unsteadiness, and much of the apparent anisotropy, observed near the wall was produced, not by turbulence, but by the steps in velocity between the turbulent and inter-turbulent zones of flow. Within the turbulent zones u′/v′ ratios were about equal to those expected for equilibrium boundary-layer turbulence. Near transition onset, however, the turbulence kinetic energy within the turbulent zones exceeded fully turbulent boundary-layer levels. Turbulent-zone power-spectral-density measurements indicate that the ratio of dissipation to production increased through transition. This suggests that the generation of the full equilibrium turbulent boundary-layer energy cascade required some time (distance) and may explain the very high TKE levels near onset.
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Humphrey, Luke J., Benjamin Emerson, and Tim C. Lieuwen. "Premixed turbulent flame speed in an oscillating disturbance field." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 835 (November 27, 2017): 102–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.728.

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This paper considers the manner in which turbulent premixed flames respond to a superposition of turbulent and narrowband disturbances. This is an important fundamental problem that arises in most combustion applications, as turbulent flames exist in hydrodynamically unstable flow fields and/or in confined systems with narrowband acoustic waves. This paper presents the first measurements of the sensitivity of the turbulent displacement speed to harmonically oscillating flame wrinkles. The flame is attached to a transversely oscillating, heated wire, resulting in the introduction of coherent, convecting wrinkles on the flame. The approach flow turbulence is varied systematically using a variable turbulence generator, enabling quantification of the effect of turbulent flow disturbances on the harmonic wrinkles. Mie scattering measurements are used to quantify the flame edge dynamics, while high speed particle image velocimetry is used to measure the flow field characteristics. By ensemble averaging the results, the ensemble-averaged flame edge and flow characteristics are recovered. For low turbulence intensities, sharp cusps are present in the negative curvature regions of the ensemble-averaged flame position, similar to laminar flames. These cusps are smoothed out at high turbulence intensities. The coherent, ensemble-averaged flame wrinkle amplitude decays with increasing turbulence intensity and with downstream distance. In addition, the ensemble-averaged turbulent flame speed is modulated in space and time. The most significant result of these measurements is the clear demonstration of the correlation between the ensemble-averaged turbulent flame speed and ensemble-averaged flame curvature, with the phase-dependent flame speed increasing in regions of negative curvature. These results have important implications on turbulent combustion physics and modelling, since quasi-coherent velocity disturbances are nearly ubiquitous in shear driven, high turbulent flows and/or confined systems with acoustic feedback. Specifically, these data clearly show that nonlinear interactions occur between the multi-scale turbulent disturbances and the more narrowband disturbances associated with coherent structures. In other words, conceptual models of the controlling physics in combustors with shear driven turbulence must account for the fundamentally different effects of spectrally distributed turbulent disturbances and more narrowband, quasi-coherent disturbances.
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Stamenkovic, Zivojin, Milos Kocic, and Jelena Petrovic. "The CFD modeling of two-dimensional turbulent MHD channel flow." Thermal Science 21, suppl. 3 (2017): 837–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci160822093s.

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In this paper, influence of magnetic field on turbulence characteristics of twodimensional flow is investigated. The present study has been undertaken to understand the effects of a magnetic field on mean velocities and turbulence parameters in turbulent 2-D channel flow. Several cases are considered. First laminar flow in a channel and MHD laminar channel flow are analyzed in order to validate model of magnetic field influence on electrically conducting fluid flow. Main part of the paper is focused on MHD turbulence suppression for 2-D turbulent flow in a channel and around the flat plate. The simulations are performed using ANSYS CFX software. Simulations results are obtained with BSL Reynolds stress model for turbulent and MHD turbulent flow around flat plate. The nature of the flow has been examined through distribution of mean velocities, turbulent fluctuations, vorticity, Reynolds stresses and turbulent kinetic energy.
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Alhumairi, Mohammed, and Özgür Ertunç. "Active-grid turbulence effect on the topology and the flame location of a lean premixed combustion." Thermal Science 22, no. 6 Part A (2018): 2425–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci170503100a.

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Lean premixed combustion under the influence of active-grid turbulence was computationally investigated, and the results were compared with experimental data. The experiments were carried out to generate a premixed flame at a thermal load of 9 kW from a single jet flow combustor. Turbulent combustion models, such as the coherent flame model and turbulent flame speed closure model were implemented for the simulations performed under different turbulent flow conditions, which were specified by the Reynolds number based on Taylor?s microscale, the dissipation rate of turbulence, and turbulent kinetic energy. This study shows that the applied turbulent combustion models differently predict the flame topology and location. However, similar to the experiments, simulations with both models revealed that the flame moves toward the inlet when turbulence becomes strong at the inlet, that is, when Re? at the inlet increases. The results indicated that the flame topology and location in the coherent flame model were more sensitive to turbulence than those in the turbulent flame speed closure model. The flame location behavior on the jet flow combustor significantly changed with the increase of Re?.
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Deng, Yuxin, Min Zhang, Wangqiang Jiang, and Letian Wang. "Electromagnetic Scattering of Near-Field Turbulent Wake Generated by Accelerated Propeller." Remote Sensing 13, no. 24 (December 20, 2021): 5178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13245178.

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The electromagnetic scattering study of the turbulent wake of a moving ship has important application value in target recognition and tracking. However, to date, there has been insufficient research into the electromagnetic characteristics of near-field propeller turbulence. This study presents a new procedure for evaluating the electromagnetic scattering coefficient and imaging characteristics of turbulent wakes in the near field. By controlling the different values of the net momenta, a turbulent wake was generated using the large-eddy simulation method. The results show that the net momentum transferred to the background flow field determines the development of the turbulent wake, which explains the formation mechanism of the turbulence. Combined with the turbulent energy attenuation spectrum, the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of the turbulent wake were calculated using the two-scale facet mode. Using this method, the impact of different parameters on the scattering coefficient and the electromagnetic image of the turbulence wake were investigated, to explain the modulation mechanism and electromagnetic imaging characteristics of the near-field turbulent wake. Moreover, an application for estimating a ship’s heading is proposed based on the electromagnetic imaging characteristics of the turbulent wake.
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Volino, R. J., and T. W. Simon. "Boundary Layer Transition Under High Free-Stream Turbulence and Strong Acceleration Conditions: Part 2—Turbulent Transport Results." Journal of Heat Transfer 119, no. 3 (August 1, 1997): 427–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824115.

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Measurements from heated boundary layers along a concave-curved test wall subject to high (initially 8 percent) free-stream turbulence intensity and strong (K = (ν/U∞2 dU∞/dx, as high as 9 × 10−6) acceleration are presented and discussed. Conditions for the experiments were chosen to simulate those present on the downstream half of the pressure side of a gas turbine airfoil. Turbulence statistics, including the turbulent shear stress, the turbulent heat flux, and the turbulent Prandtl number are presented. The transition zone is of extended length in spite of the high free-stream turbulence level. Turbulence quantities are strongly suppressed below values in unaccelerated turbulent boundary layers. Turbulent transport quantities rise with the intermittency, as the boundary layer proceeds through transition. Octant analysis shows a similar eddy structure in the present flow as was observed in transitional flows under low free-stream turbulence conditions. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first detailed documentation of a high-free-stream-turbulence boundary layer flow in such a strong acceleration field.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Turbulent"

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Sung, Kyung-Sub. "Turbulent dispersion in strongly stratified turbulence." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.582577.

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The first part is the derivation of one-particle vertical diffusion for stably stratified turbulence with or without rapid rotation. Nicolleau & Vassilicos (2000) have analytically calculated vertical one-particle diffusion in stably stratified turbulence without rotation. One-particle vertical diffusion for turbulence with stable stratification and with or without rapid rotation has been derived here analytically using the solutions of the linearized equations of motions. The second part is an attempt to explain the depletion of horizontal pair diffusion in strongly stratified turbulence. "Recently, Nicolleau et al. (2005) have shown that in their Kinematic Simulations (KS) of vertically stably and strongly stratified homogeneous turbulence (Froude number smaller than 1). horizontal pair diffusion is significantly depleted by comparison to unstratified isotropic and homogeneous two- and three-dimensional turbulence. We have seeked to explain this depletion of horizontal pair diffusion by vertical stratification in terms of the probability density function of the horizontal divergence of the velocity field and the statistics of stagnation points following the recent approach to Richardson pair diffusion by Davila & Vassilicos (2003), Goto & Vassilicos (2004), Goto et al. (2005) and Osborne et al. (2005). We measure the number density of stagnation points in the KS of three-dimensional strongly stratified turbulence and find that it is virtually identical to what it is in KS of three-dimensional isotropic turbulence The third part is a study of the vertical motions of small, spherical inertial particles in strongly stratified turbulence.
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Alves, Portela Felipe. "Turbulence cascade in an inhomogeneous turbulent flow." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/63233.

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The inhomogeneous, anisotropic turbulence downstream of a square prism is investigated by means of direct numerical simulations (DNS) and two-point statistics. As noted by Moffatt (2002) “it now seems that the intense preoccupation [...] with the problem of homogeneous isotropic turbulence was perhaps misguided” acknowledging there is now a revived interest in studying inhomogeneous turbulence. The full description of the turbulence cascade requires a two-point analysis which re- volves around the recently derived Kármán-Howarth-Monin-Hill equation (KHMH). This equation is the inhomogeneous/anisotropic analogue to the so-called Kolmogorov equation (or Kármán-Howarth equation) used in Kolmogorov’s 1941 seminal papers (K41) which are the foundation to the most successful turbulence theory to date. Particular focus is placed on the near wake region where the turbulence is anticipated to be highly inhomogeneous and anisotropic. Because DNS gives direct access to all ve- locity components and their derivatives, all terms of the KHMH can be computed directly without resorting to any simplifications. Computation of the term associated with the non-linear inter-scale transfer of energy (Π) revealed that this rate is roughly constant over a range of scales which increases (within the bounds of our database) with distance to the wake generator, provided that the orientations of the pairs of points are averaged-out on the plane of the wake. This observation appears in tandem with a near −5/3 power law in the spectra of fluctuating velocities which deteriorates as the constancy of Π improves. The constant non-linear inter-scale transfer plays a major role in K41 and is required for deriving the 2/3-law (which is real space equivalent of the −5/3). We extend our analysis to a triple decomposition where the organised motion associ- ated with the vortex shedding is disentangled from the stochastic motions which do not display a distinct time signature. The imprint of the shedding-associated motion upon the stochastic component is observed to contribute to the small-scale anisotropy of the stochastic motion. Even though the dynamics of the shedding-associated motion differs drastically from that of the stochastic one, we find that both contributions are required in order to preserve the constant inter-scale transfer of energy. We further find that the inter- scale fluxes resulting from this decomposition display local (in scale-space) combinations of direct and inverse cascades. While the inter-scale fluxes associated with the coherent motion can be explained on the basis of simple geometrical arguments, the stochastic motion shows a persistent inverse cascade at orientations normal to the centreline despite its energy appearing to be roughly isotropically distributed.
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Ahmed, Umair. "Flame turbulence interaction in premixed turbulent combustion." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/flame-turbulence-interaction-in-premixed-turbulent-combustion(f23c7263-df3d-41fa-90ed-41735fcaa34a).html.

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Rind, Elad. "Turbulent wakes in turbulent streams." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2011. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/193955/.

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Direct numerical simulation and wind tunnel experiments have been used to study the effects of free-stream turbulence on axisymmetric wakes. In both cases the wake was introduced to various turbulent streams having various levels of turbulence intensity and length scales. It was found that the presence of the free-stream turbulence changes the wake’s decay rate and does not allow self-similarity to occur (unless maybe very far downstream and way beyond the current measurements reached). Also, the free-stream turbulence was found to be causing a significant transformation in the turbulence structure inside the wake, where the latter was found to be gradually evolving towards the former. Last, the fact that the two approaches were modelling two different problems led to some differences in their results emphasising the importance of the flow structure around the wake generating body in shaping the far wake region.
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Vosskuhle, Michel. "Particle collisions in turbulent flows." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00946618.

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Cette thèse est consacrée au mécanisme conduisant à des taux de collisions importants dans les suspensions turbulentes de particules inertielles. Le travail a été effectué en suivant numériquement des particules, par simulations directes des équations de Navier-Stokes, et également par étude de modèles simplifiés. Les applications de ce domaine sont nombreuses aussi bien dans un contexte industriel que naturel (astrophysique, géophysique). L'approximation des collisions fantômes (ACF), souvent utilisée pour déterminer les taux de collision numériquement, consiste à compter dans une simulation, le nombre de fois que la distance entre les centres de deux particules devient plus faible qu'une distance seuil. Plusieurs arguments théoriques suggéreraient que cette approximation conduit à une surestimation du taux de collision. Cette thèse fournit non seulement une estimation quantitative de cette surestimation, mais également une compréhension détaillée des mécanismes des erreurs faites par l'ACF. Nous trouvons qu'une paire de particules peut subir des collisions répétées avec une grande probabilité. Ceci est relié à l'observation que, dans un écoulement turbulent, certaines paires de particules peuvent rester proches pendant très longtemps. Une deuxième classe de résultats obtenus dans cette thèse a permis une compréhension quantitative des très forts taux de collisions souvent observés. Nous montrons que lorsque l'inertie des particules n'est pas très petite, l'effet " fronde/caustiques ", à savoir, l'éjection de particules par des tourbillons intenses, est responsable du taux de collision élevé. En comparaison, la concentration préférentielle de particules dans certaines régions de l'espace joue un rôle mineur.
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Er, Sarp. "Structure interne, transfert turbulent et propriétés de cascade de l'interface turbulent/non-turbulent d'un jet turbulent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN048.

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L'interface turbulent/non-turbulent (TNTI) est une couche très fine entre les régions turbulentes et non turbulentes de l'écoulement. Cette étude vise à mieux comprendre le bilan d'énergie cinétique au voisinage de l'interface turbulent/non-turbulent. L'équation de Kármán-Howarth-Monin-Hill (KHMH) est utilisée pour caractériser le bilan énergétique cinétique local, y compris les transferts d'énergie dans l'espace et entre les échelles. L'analyse est effectuée à l'aide de données obtenues par simulation numérique directe (DNS) finement résolue d'un jet plan turbulent se développant avec le temps. Les lois d'échelles de vitesse et de longueur du jet plan turbulent en evolution temporelle sont différentes de celles de son homologue en développement spatial, dans le sens où ces lois sont indépendantes de l'échelle de dissipation turbulente, qu'elle soit à l'équilibre ou hors équilibre. Il est montré que la variation de la vitesse moyenne de propagation à travers l'épaisseur de la TNTI est fonction de la dimension fractale de la surface à chaque position. Une méthodologie basée sur une opération de moyennage le long de la TNTI est utilisée pour l'analyse de l'écoulement local à proximité de la TNTI. L'analyse du vecteur normal associé à l'orientation locale de la TNTI fournit des informations précieuces sur les caractéristiques géométriques prédominantes de l'interface. Les statistiques moyennes de l'interface sont ensuite conditionnées par sa courbure moyenne et sa vitesse de propagation locale afin de caractériser la variation locale de l'écoulement et le bilan de l'équation KHMH dans les différentes couche de l'interface. Il est démontré que l'épaisseur de la TNTI et de ses sous-couches diminuent de manière significative dans les régions de fort entraînement. Les transferts entre échelles et en espace sont décomposés en une partie solénoïdale et une partie irrotationnelle, ce qui montre l'importance, au niveau de la TNTI, des transferts irrotationnels d'énergie cinétique entre échelles et en espace, associés à la corrélation pression-vitesse. Des phénomènes de compression et d'étirement sont observés en moyenne à proximité de la TNTI, dans les directions respectivement normale et tangentielle à l'interface. L'étude du terme de transfert inter-échelles montre la présence d'une cascade directe dans la direction normale et d'une cascade inverse dans la direction tangentielle. Dans les régions d'entraînement inverse, les statistiques locales montrent un étirement dans la direction normale et de la compression dans la direction tangentielle, ce qui contraste avec les statistiques observées pour l'ensemble de la TNTI et les régions d'entraînement locales. Près de la TNTI, du côté turbulent, un équilibre inattendu ressemblant à celui de Kolmogorov est observé entre le transfert inter-échelle et le taux de dissipation pour une large gamme d'échelles. Pour ces échelles, contrairement à l'équilibre de Kolmogorov habituel pour la turbulence homogène, le transfert inter-échelle est constitué uniquement de la partie irrotationnelle qui est directement associée aux corrélations pression-vitesse
The turbulent/non-turbulent interface (TNTI) is a very sharp interface layer between turbulent and non-turbulent regions of the flow. This study aims to gain insight into the kinetic energy balance in the vicinity of the TNTI. The K'arm'an-Howarth-Monin-Hill equation (KHMH) is used to characterize the local kinetic energy balance including interscale/interspace energy transfers. The analysis is conducted by using a data set obtained by highly resolved direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a temporally developing turbulent planar jet. The scalings for the velocity and length scales of the temporally developing turbulent planar jet are shown to be different from its spatially developing counterpart in the sense that these scalings are independent of the turbulent dissipation scaling, whether equilibrium or non-equilibrium. The variation of the mean propagation velocity across the thickness of the TNTI is shown as a function of the fractal dimension of the surface at each location. Furthermore, a methodology based on a TNTI-averaging operation is used for the analysis of the local flow field in the vicinity of the TNTI. The analysis of the normal vector associated with the local facing direction of the TNTI provides valuable insights into the predominant geometric characteristics of the interface. The TNTI-averaged statistics are further conditioned on the mean curvature and the local propagation velocity of the interface, in order to characterize the variation of the local flow field and KHMH balance in various regions of the interface. The thickness of the TNTI and its sublayers are shown to reduce significantly in regions of fast entrainment. The interscale/interspace transfer terms are decomposed into solenoidal/irrotational parts showing the central importance at the TNTI of the irrotational interscale/interspace transfers of kinetic energy associated with pressure-velocity correlation. Compression and stretching are observed on average at the TNTI location, in the normal and tangential directions of the interface respectively. Investigation of the interscale transfer term shows the presence of a forward cascade in the normal direction and an inverse cascade in the tangential direction. In regions of detrainment, the local statistics display stretching in the normal direction and compression in the tangential direction, which is in contrast with the statistics observed for the entire TNTI and the local entrainment regions. Close to the location of TNTI, on the turbulent side, an unexpected Kolmogorov-like balance is observed between the interscale transfer and the dissipation rate for a wide range of scales. For these scales, unlike the usual Kolmogorov balance for homogeneous turbulence, the interscale transfer consists solely of the irrotational part which is directly associated with the pressure-velocity correlations
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Sanderson, V. E. "Turbulence modelling of turbulent buoyant jets and compartment fires." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/137.

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Turbulent buoyant jets are a major feature in fire hazards. The solution of the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations through computational fluid dynamic (CFD) techniques allow such flows to be simulated. The use of Reynolds averaging requires an empirical model to close the set of equations, this is known as the turbulence model. This thesis undertakes to investigate linear and nonlinear approaches to turbulence modelling and to apply the knowledge gained to the simulation of compartment fires. The principle contribution of this work is the reanalysis of the standard k- ε turbulence model and the implementation and application of more sophisticated models as applied to thermal plumes. Validation in this work, of the standard k- ε model against the most recent experimental data, counters the established view that the model is inadequate for the simulation of buoyant flows. Examination of previous experimental data suggests that the measurements were not taken in the self-similar region resulting in misleading comparisons with published numerical solutions. This is a significant conclusion that impacts of the general approach taken to modelling turbulence in this field. A number of methods for modelling the Reynolds stresses and the turbulent scalar fluxes have been considered and, in some cases for the first time, are applied to nonisothermal flows. The relative influence of each model has been assessed enabling its performance to be gauged. The results from this have made a valuable contribution to the knowledge in the field and have enabled the acquired experience to be applied to the simulation of compartment fires. The overall conclusion drawn from this thesis is that for the simulation of compartment fires, the most appropriate approach with current computational resources, is still the buoyancy corrected standard k- ε model. However, the turbulence scalar flux should be modelled by the generalised gradient diffusion hypothesis (GGDH) rather than the eddy-diffusivity assumption.
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Khorsandi, Babak. "Effect of background turbulence on an axisymmetric turbulent jet." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=104661.

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The effect of background turbulence on a turbulent jet was investigated experimentally. The primary objective of this work was to study the effect of different levels of the background turbulence on the dynamics and mixing of an axisymmetric turbulent jet at different Reynolds numbers. The secondary objective, which arose during the experiments, was to improve the acoustic Doppler velocimetry measurements which were found to be inaccurate when measuring turbulence statistics. In addition to acoustic Doppler velocimetry (ADV), flying hot-film anemometry was employed in this study. To move the hot-film probe at constant speeds, a high precision traversing mechanism was designed and built. A data acquisition system and LabVIEW programs were also developed to acquire data and control the traversing mechanism. The experiments started by benchmarking the two measurement techniques in an axisymmetric turbulent jet. Comparing the results with those of the other studies validated the use of flying hot-film anemometry to estimate the mean and the root-mean square (RMS) velocities. The experiments also validated the use of ADV for measurement of the mean velocities (measured in three Cartesian directions) and the RMS velocity (measured in the z-direction only). RMS velocities measured by the ADV along the x- and y-direction of the probe were overestimated.Attempts to improve the turbulence statistics measured by the ADV using the post-processing and noise-reduction methods presented in the literature were undertaken. However, the RMS velocities remained higher than the accepted values. In addition, a noise-reduction method was presented in this study which reduced the RMS velocities down to the accepted values. It was also attempted to relate Doppler noise to current velocity, and thus improve the results by subtracting the Doppler noise from the measured RMS velocities in the jet. However, no relationship was found between the Doppler noise and the mean velocity. The effect of different levels of background turbulence on the dynamics and mixing of an axisymmetric turbulent jet at different Reynolds numbers was then investigated. The background turbulence was generated by a random jet array. To confirm that the turbulence is approximately homogeneous and isotropic and has a low mean flow, the background flow was first characterized. Velocity measurements in an axisymmetric jet issuing into two different levels of background turbulence were then conducted. Three different jet Reynolds numbers were tested (Re = UJD/ν, where UJ is the jet exit velocity, D is the exit diameter of the jet, and ν is the kinematic viscosity). The results showed that (compared to the jet in a quiescent ambient) the mean axial velocities decay faster in the presence of background turbulence, while the mean radial velocities increase, especially close to the edges of the jet. At lower Reynolds numbers, the jet structure was destroyed in the near-field of the jet. The increase in the level of the background turbulence resulted in a faster decay of the mean axial velocities. The RMS velocity of the jet issuing into the turbulent background also increased, indicating that the level of turbulence in the jet increases. In addition, the jet's width increased in the presence of the background turbulence. The mass flow rate of the jet decreased in the presence of the background turbulence from which it can be inferred that the entrainment into the jet is reduced. The effect of background turbulence on entrainment mechanisms – large-scale engulfment and small-scale nibbling – is discussed. It is concluded that in the presence of background turbulence, engulfment is expected to be the main entrainment mechanism.
L'effet de la turbulence ambiante sur l'évolution d'un jet turbulent est étudié dans le cadre de cette recherche expérimentale. L'objectif primaire de ce travail est l'étude de l'effet de l'intensité de la turbulence ambiante sur l'évolution d'un jet turbulent, à trois nombres de Reynolds différents. L'objectif secondaire est l'amélioration des mesures de vélocimétrie acoustique Doppler qui se sont avérées inexactes au cours de ce travail. Un dispositif à anémométrie à fil chaud volant a aussi été développé pour effectuer des mesures dans le cadre de cette étude. A cette fin, un mécanisme de translation a été conçu pour déplacer la sonde à vitesse constante. Un système d'acquisition de données et des programmes LabVIEW ont été développés pour enregistrer les données et contrôler le mécanisme. De premières expériences (dans un jet turbulent axisymétrique en milieu tranquille) ont prouvé le bien-fondé i) des mesures de vitesses moyenne et moyenne quadratique par anémométrie à fil chaud volant, et ii) des mesures de vitesse moyenne (dans tous le sens) et de vitesse moyenne quadratique (dans le sens z) par vélocimétrie acoustique Doppler. Les mesures par vélocimétrie acoustique Doppler dans les sens x et y étaient surestimées. L'amélioration des mesures de vitesse moyenne quadratique par vélocimétrie acoustique Doppler a été tentée par moyen de techniques de réduction de bruit existantes. Néanmoins, les vitesses moyennes quadratiques restaient surestimées. Une nouvelle technique de réduction de bruit (qui avait pour résultat des vitesses moyennes quadratiques précises) a été proposée dans le cadre de cette étude. En outre, des expériences ayant pour but de quantifier le rapport entre le bruit Doppler et la vitesse de l'écoulement ont été entreprises (pour pouvoir soustraire le bruit Doppler des mesures de vitesses moyennes quadratiques). Cependant, celles-ci n'ont trouvé aucun rapport entre ces deux quantités. Par la suite, l'effet de l'intensité de la turbulence ambiante sur l'évolution d'un jet turbulent axisymétrique, à trois nombres de Reynolds différents, a été étudié. La turbulence ambiante a été produite par moyen d'une maille de jets aléatoires. La turbulence ambiante s'est avérée, par moyen de mesures d'anémométrie à fil chaud volant et de vélocimétrie acoustique Doppler, homogène est isotrope. L'évolution d'un jet turbulent (à trois nombres de Reynolds) émis en milieux turbulents (de deux intensités différentes) a ensuite été étudiée. Les mesures ont démontré que la turbulence ambiante i) réduisait la vitesse axiale moyenne du jet (en augmentant le taux de décroissance), et ii) augmentait la vitesse radiale moyenne du jet (surtout prés du bord du jet). Pour les jets à nombre de Reynolds bas, la structure du jet a été détruite dans le champ proche du jet. Les vitesses moyennes quadratiques du jet émis en milieu turbulent étaient plus grandes, indiquant une croissance du niveau de turbulence dans le jet. En outre, la demi-largeur du jet augmentait en milieu turbulent. Par contre, en environnement turbulent, le débit massique du jet émis a diminué, ce qui implique que le taux d'entraînement du jet est aussi réduit. L'effet de la turbulence ambiante sur les mécanismes de l'entraînement (par engloutissement à grande échelle ou par grignotage) est examiné. Il est conclu que, en environnement turbulent, l'engloutissement est le mécanisme d'entraînement principal.
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Irvine, Mark Rankin. "Turbulence and turbulent transport above and within coniferous forests." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240324.

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Mergheni, Mohamed Ali. "Interactions particules - turbulence dans un jet axisymétrique diphasique turbulent." Rouen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ROUES067.

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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le cadre des études sur les écoulements turbulents gaz-solide et porte sur une étude numérique et une étude expérimentale de jets ronds coaxiaux diphasiques où le rapport des vitesses entre les jets externe et interne est supérieur et inférieur à un. Le but est de contribuer à la caractérisation des interactions entre la phase porteuse gazeuse et la phase dispersée et leur effet sur la modification de l'écoulement porteur. Le premier travail s'appuie sur une simulation de type Eulérienne / Lagrangienne qui résout les équations moyennées de Navier Stokes par la méthode des volumes finis. La turbulence du fluide est traitée par le modèle k-E standard. Le traitement de la phase dispersée consiste à un suivi Lagrangien de particules au sein de l'écoulement d'air. Le chargement en particules est suffisamment important pour que les particules influent sur la phase gazeuse (couplage) mais suffisamment faible pour pouvoir négliger les collisions interparticulaires. Le second travail consiste à réaliser un dispositif expérimental de jet gazeux ensemencé de particules solides (dp=100-212γm) issu d'un injecteur coaxial. L'écoulement diphasique est obtenu en utilisant un système d'ensemencement de particules assurant une injection régulière et homogène des particules dans le jet central. L'originalité de l'expérience consiste à mesurer simultanément les vitesses des particules et du fluide par une méthode optique non intrusive afin d'analyser le couplage entre deux phases. Ces résultats ont été obtenus à l'aide d'une chaîne de mesures optique PDA (Phase Doppler Anémométrie). L'analyse des caractéristiques dynamiques du fluide diphasique dans la zone proche de l'injecteur coaxial met en évidence que la vitesse de l'écoulement chargé est inférieure à la vitesse du fluide sans particules et que la présence des particules amplifie la turbulence du fluide lorsque la vitesse du jet centrale est supérieure à la vitesse du jet annulaire (ru>1). Ainsi, on note un décalage du pic de turbulence vers l'intérieur du jet central. Plus loin la vitesse moyenne du fluide en présence de particules devient supérieure à celle du jet monophasique à cause des transferts de quantité de mouvement des particules vers le fluide et on remarque une atténuation de la turbulence. Par contre, lorsque la vitesse du jet annulaire est supérieure à la vitesse du jet central (ru<1) on remarque une atténuation de la turbulence par la présence des particules et un décalage du pic de turbulence vers l'extérieur du jet central. On peut dire que la présence de particules solides permet à la turbulence de s'installer plus rapidement au sein du fluide pour ru>1. Lorsque ru<1, les particules ont tendance à calmer l'écoulement. Pour examiner l'approche numérique, les comparaisons avec mes travaux expérimentaux ont été réalisés. Les effets observés dans la partie expérimentale ont été reproduits dans deux cas différents (ru>1 et ru<1).
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Books on the topic "Turbulent"

1

Comin, Diego. Turbulent firms, turbulent wages? Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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Turbulent waters. Friendswood, Texas: TotalRecall Publications, 2014.

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Fuchs, Susanne, Martine Toda, and Marzena Zygis, eds. Turbulent Sounds. Berlin, New York: DE GRUYTER MOUTON, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110226584.

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Piquet, Jean. Turbulent Flows. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-03559-7.

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Rafael, Sabatini. Turbulent tales. Kelly Bray, Cornwall: House Of Stratus, 2001.

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Turbulent world. Nairobi: Pisez Media Services, 2009.

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Bernard, Peter S. Turbulent Flow. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2002.

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Turbulent life. Guelph, Ont: A. Walter Perera, 1997.

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Konieczka, Richard J. Turbulent times. Newport Beach, Calif. (P.O. Box 7665, Newport Beach 92658): M.V. Hansen Pub. Co., 1985.

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Garde, R. J. Turbulent flow. New York: Wiley, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Turbulent"

1

Kankanwadi, Krishna S., and Oliver R. H. Buxton. "Turbulent/Turbulent Entrainment." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 13–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80716-0_2.

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Hirschel, Ernst Heinrich, Jean Cousteix, and Wilhelm Kordulla. "Laminar-Turbulent Transition and Turbulence." In Three-Dimensional Attached Viscous Flow, 201–43. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41378-0_9.

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Vallefuoco, D., F. S. Godeferd, A. Naso, and A. Delache. "Anisotropic Turbulent Cascades in Rotating Homogeneous Turbulence." In Turbulent Cascades II, 133–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-12547-9_15.

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Klimontovich, Yu L. "Turbulent Motion. Kinetic Description of Turbulence." In Statistical Theory of Open Systems, 483–524. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0175-2_22.

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Beresnyak, Andrey, and Alex Lazarian. "MHD Turbulence, Turbulent Dynamo and Applications." In Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 163–226. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44625-6_8.

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Luchini, Paolo, and Maurizio Quadrio. "Wall Turbulence and Turbulent Drag Reduction." In 50+ Years of AIMETA, 349–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94195-6_22.

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Reid, Michael, and Michael Macaulay. "A turbulent past, a turbulent future?" In The Routledge Handbook of International Local Government, 149–62. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315306278-11.

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Ferziger, Joel H., Milovan Perić, and Robert L. Street. "Turbulent Flows." In Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics, 347–419. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99693-6_10.

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Ferziger, Joel H., and Milovan Perić. "Turbulent Flows." In Computational Methods for Fluid Dynamics, 257–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-98037-4_9.

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Hutter, Kolumban, and Yongqi Wang. "Turbulent Modeling." In Fluid and Thermodynamics, 227–61. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-33636-7_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Turbulent"

1

MURTHY, S., and S. HONG. "Turbulent boundary layer with free stream turbulence." In 21st Fluid Dynamics, Plasma Dynamics and Lasers Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1990-1503.

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Nakabayashi, Koichi, Osami Kitoh, and Yoshitaka Katou. "TURBULENCE CHARACTERISTICS OF COUETTE-POISEUILLE TURBULENT FLOWS." In Second Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp2.80.

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Nishiki, Shinnosuke, Tatsuya Hasegawa, and Ryutaro Himeno. "ANISOTROPIC TURBULENCE GENERATION IN TURBULENT PREMIXED FLAMES." In Second Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp2.240.

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Montazeri, Hanif, Siamak Kazemzadeh Hannani, and Bijan Farhanieh. "Turbulent Flow Using a Modified V2f Turbulence Model." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60342.

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An improved version of the V2f turbulence model has been examined in this paper. The objective was to overcome the convergence problem encountered in the original V2f model. The convergence problem is due to the commonly-used wall boundary condition, which therefore has been modified in the proposed model. To test the soundness of the new model, several two-dimensional cases such as Poiseuille flow, channel flow, and backward-step flow has been analyzed and the results are compared with the standard k-ε model, DNS, and in case of the backward flow problem, also with the original V2f model. Based on the comparison, the new model presents a promising approach both with respect to convergence as well as the accuracy of results.
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Holmes, Marlin, Eric J. DeMillard, and Jonathan W. Naughton. "Turbulence Structure of the Swirling Axisymmetric Turbulent Wake." In 35th Wind Energy Symposium. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-0919.

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NARAYAN, J., and S. GIRIMAJI. "Turbulent reacting flow computations including turbulence-chemistry interactions." In 30th Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.1992-342.

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Redford, John A., and Gary N. Coleman. "NUMERICAL STUDY OF TURBULENT WAKES IN BACKGROUND TURBULENCE." In Fifth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp5.860.

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Pal, Anikesh, and Sutanu Sarkar. "EFFECT OF EXTERNAL TURBULENCE ON A TURBULENT WAKE." In Ninth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp9.180.

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Taylor, Travis S., Don A. Gregory, Peter S. Erbach, and T. Michelle Eckstein. "Turbulence simulation and optical processing through turbulent media." In AeroSense '97, edited by David P. Casasent and Tien-Hsin Chao. SPIE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.270389.

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Taveira, Rodrigo M. R., and Carlos B. da Silva. "SCALAR MIXING AT TURBULENT/NON-TURBULENT INTERFACE OF A TURBULENT PLANE JET." In Eighth International Symposium on Turbulence and Shear Flow Phenomena. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/tsfp8.520.

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Reports on the topic "Turbulent"

1

Comin, Diego, Erica Groshen, and Bess Rabin. Turbulent Firms, Turbulent Wages? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, February 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w12032.

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Mahrt, Larry. Turbulent Microfronts. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada260300.

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Falco, R. E. Sensitivity to Turbulent Boundary Layer Production Mechanisms to Turbulence Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250210.

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Dimonte, G., M. Schneider, and E. Frerking. Turbulent mix experiments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/204087.

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Libby, P. A. Premixed turbulent combustion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6065676.

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Reynolds, W. C. Turbulent Flow Control. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada329673.

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Poludnenko, Alexei Y., and Elaine S. Oran. The Interaction of High-Speed Turbulence with Flames: Turbulent Flame Speed. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada528784.

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Ecke, R., Ning Li, Shiyi Chen, and Yuanming Liu. Turbulent scaling in fluids. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/399361.

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Strahle, Warren C. Stagnating Turbulent Reacting Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada191449.

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Siggia, Eric D. Fully Developed Turbulent Flows. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada286496.

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